One-pin hinge for furniture doors fitted with closure means and deceleration means

Abstract

Hinge (1) for the movement in opening and closing of a door (3) with respect to a shoulder (2) of a furniture item, said hinge (1) comprising return closing means and shock absorption means in closure, a first fixed part (20) attached to the shoulder (2), and a second movable part (30) attached to the door (3), the fixed part (20) and the movable part (30) being articulated one to the other so as to be able to rotate around a pin (4), which constitutes the axis of rotation of the hinge, wherein said return closing means comprise at least one spring (7) arranged around said pin (4) exerting a force in the direction of the axis of the pin (4) in the final phase of closing, tending to rotate coupling surfaces of said fixed part (20) and movable part (30) of the hinge.

Description

[0001] ONE-PIN HINGE FOR FURNITURE DOORS FITTED WITH CLOSURE

[0002] MEANS AND DECELERATION MEANS

[0003] DESCRIPTION

[0004] The present invention relates to a one-pin hinge for the opening and closing of furniture doors provided with return means designed to exert a thrust during the phase of closing, and with deceleration means for decelerating the closing.

[0005] Background of the invention

[0006] A hinge for furniture normally comprises a fixed part that is attached to a shoulder of the furniture item and a movable part that is connected to the door. The two fixed and movable parts are articulated with each other so as to allow movement of the door with respect to the body of the furniture item.

[0007] A "one-pin" or "single-pin" hinge, whereto the invention refers, is so called because the fixed part and the movable part are articulated to each other in such a way as to be able to rotate around a single pin, which forms the axis of rotation of the hinge.

[0008] Most one-pin hinges lack return means, which in other types of hinges make closure of the door automatic, so that the user has to manually accompany the door until it is fully closed.

[0009] Return systems have been proposed in one-pin hinges which, however, do not meet the needs of users.

[0010] For example, IT 102016000012259 proposes the use of an assembly of magnets that is mounted on a profile of an aluminium door that co-operates with a corresponding assembly of magnets mounted on the movable arm of the hinge. The magnets are also associated with pistons that oppose the action of the magnets to cushion the closing of the door.

[0011] A disadvantage of this system is that the magnets exert their action only in the last degrees of door closure, limiting the return effect.

[0012] Another disadvantage is constituted in that an assembly of magnets is provided, separate from the hinge, which has to be attached to the door profile, which also has an aesthetic impact.

[0013] IT 102021000024320 proposes a return system comprising springs provided in the movable part of the hinge, in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the same, which act against cam elements integral to the fixed part. Such an arrangement of the springs increases the dimensions of the hinge and requires that they be concealed in the door profile so that they do not remain visible. Therefore, a further limitation of this system is that it is solely suitable for aluminium doors.

[0014] Furthermore, single-pin hinges, if fitted with elastic return means, should also be fitted with deceleration means to prevent the door from strongly impacting against the furniture structure due to the action of the elastic means.

[0015] The known solutions proposed for this purpose provide for such deceleration means that act in the last degrees of closing of the door, thus not exerting an effective braking action on it. Moreover, these deceleration means remain visible during the operation of the hinge, making them aesthetically unattractive.

[0016] EP4023847A1 discloses a hinge equipped with a closing return spring and a damper. The aim proposed by this document is to overcome the drawbacks of the previous prior art, in which the return spring and the damper are arranged on different elements of the hinge, i.e. one on the fixed part and one on the movable part, which increases the size of both parts of the hinge, resulting in difficulties in mounting one of these parts on the door or on the body of the furniture. It therefore proposes to arrange both the spring and the damper in a single mechanism that is mounted on one of the hinge elements, normally on its fixed part, which is attached to the body of the furniture. The fixed part of the hinge, which is larger in size, has a central enlargement which houses the mechanism containing the spring and the damper, while the movable part is smaller in size and consists of a simple plate, so that it can be mounted on the edge of the door, as the hinge is designed. This hinge is specifically designed to have spring and damper in a single block, with the spring being arranged radially to the hinge pin, an arrangement that the present invention tends to avoid.

[0017] DE102004019418Aldescribes an undamped hinge having two wings with respective bushings connected each other by a pivot pin. In the bushings of the fixed and movable parts of the hinge, axially movable blocks are arranged under the action of respective springs, with sinusoidal, wavy cam profiles on the opposite surfaces. The sliding between these wavy surfaces determines a harmonious behaviour of the hinge during opening and closing. In practice, the action of the springs is exerted on the opposing wavy surfaces during the entire movement cycle of the hinge. Summary of the invention

[0018] The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of one-pin hinges of the prior art.

[0019] In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a one-pin hinge provided with return means that are completely concealed, without affecting the dimensions of the fixed and movable parts of the hinge, which can therefore be small in size and compact in shape.

[0020] Another object of the invention is to provide such a one-pin hinge equipped with return means, which allows for a cushioned closing of the door, in particular with an early cushioning action, which takes place substantially at the moment when the elastic return means begin to operate.

[0021] Another object of the invention is to provide such a one-pin hinge that can be used indifferently with aluminium and wooden doors.

[0022] Another object of the invention is to provide such a hinge that can be easily and quickly mounted on the furniture item.

[0023] Yet another object of the invention is to provide such a hinge that is simple and inexpensive to make and, at the same time, highly reliable.

[0024] These and other objects are achieved by the one-pin hinge according to the invention, which has the features listed in the appended independent claim 1.

[0025] Advantageous embodiments of the invention are disclosed by the dependent claims. Substantially, the hinge according to the invention for the movement during opening and closing of a door with respect to a shoulder of a furniture item, provided with return closing means, comprises a first fixed part attached to the shoulder, and a second movable part attached to the door, the fixed part and the movable part being articulated one to the other so as to be able to rotate around a pin, which constitutes the axis of rotation of the hinge, wherein said return closing means comprise at least one spring arranged around said pin exerting a force in the direction of the axis of the pin in the final phase of closing, tending to rotate coupling surfaces of said fixed and movable parts of the hinge in opposite directions, and wherein on said fixed part or movable part of said hinge there is arranged at least one cam-profile protrusion, actuating a respective damper, arranged on said movable part or fixed part, capable of slowing down the closing of said hinge, said at least one cam-profiled protrusion and said at least one damper being positioned close to said pivot pin, so that the braking effect of said damper can substantially start concurrently with the action of said return closing means.

[0026] Brief description of the drawings

[0027] Further features of the invention will be made clearer by the detailed description that follows, referring to an illustrative embodiment purely by way of non-limiting example illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0028] Figs. 1 and 1A are axonometric views of a one-pin hinge according to the invention, open at 180°, applied to a door with aluminium profile and to a wooden door, respectively;

[0029] Figs. 2 and 2A are axonometric views, taken from different angles, rotated through about 90° with respect to Figs. 1 and 1A, showing the hinge in closed position;

[0030] Fig. 3 is a partially blown-up view of the illustration of Fig. 1;

[0031] Fig. 4 is a plan view from the top of the illustration of Fig. 1;

[0032] Fig. 4A is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig 4;

[0033] Fig. 4B is a section taken along line B-B of Fig. 4A;

[0034] Fig. 5 is a view of the illustration of open hinge shown in Fig. 1;

[0035] Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of Fig. 5;

[0036] Fig. 6A is an enlargement of the detail denoted by A in Fig. 6;

[0037] Fig. 6B is an axonometric view of the hinge alone in the 180° open position taken from the rear of Fig. 5, with a part removed to better highlight a return means;

[0038] Fig. 6C is an enlargement of a part of Fig. 6B to better highlight the functioning of the return means;

[0039] Figs. 7-7C and 8-8C are views similar to Figs. 6-6C, with the hinge in the position of start of return during closure and in the closed position, respectively;

[0040] Fig. 9 is an axonometric view, partially exploded, of the hinge of the previous figures, with slightly modified parts, to accommodate the means for decelerating the closing of the door, arranged according to a first embodiment of the invention;

[0041] Fig. 9A is an enlargement of the detail enclosed in the circle A of Fig. 9;

[0042] Fig. 10 shows the hinge of Fig. 9 in the assembled condition, open at 180°, with a cutaway portion;

[0043] Fig. 10A is an enlargement of the cutaway portion indicated by A in Fig. 10; Figs. 11, 12, 13 are cross-sectional views, taken along the X-X plane of Fig. 10, showing the hinge, respectively, in the 90° open position, in the position of the start of activation of the deceleration means, and in the fully closed position.

[0044] Fig. 14 is an axonometric view, partially exploded, of the hinge, showing a second embodiment of the arrangement of the dampers for decelerating the closing of the door;

[0045] Fig. 15 shows the hinge of Fig. 14 in the assembled condition, still with the dampers separated;

[0046] Fig. 16 shows the hinge of Fig. 14 in the assembled condition, open at 90°;

[0047] Fig. 17 is a front view of Fig. 16;

[0048] Fig. 18 is a top view of Fig. 17;

[0049] Fig. 18A is an enlargement of the detail indicated with A in Fig 18;

[0050] Figs. 19, 20, 21 are cross-sectional views, taken along the XX-XX plane of Fig. 17, showing the hinge, in the 90° open position, in the damper activation start position, and in the fully closed position, respectively;

[0051] Figs. 22, 23 and 24 are axonometric views that show successive steps of mounting of the hinge at the shoulder of the furniture item, in which the hinge is shown at 90° opening;

[0052] Fig. 25 is a front view of the hinge in the 90° open position of Fig. 24;

[0053] Fig. 26 is a section taken along line XXV-XXV of Fig. 25;

[0054] Figs. 27 and 27 A are sections taken along line XVI-XVI of Fig. 26, in which the locking element is shown in the inactive and active position, respectively.

[0055] Detailed description of the invention

[0056] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the one-pin hinge according to the invention will now be described in greater detail, denoted overall by reference numeral 1, which hinge can be mounted on aluminium doors and on wooden doors irrespectively.

[0057] Figs. 1 and 2 show from different angles, rotated through approximately 90° one with respect to the other, respectively, hinge 1 in the 180° open position and in the closed position, mounted between a vertical wall or shoulder 2 of a furniture item and a door 3 made with aluminium profiles. In these drawings, a vertical profile or upright is actually shown, by which door 3 is identified. Therefore, in the description that follows, reference numeral 3 will be used to denote the door or the aluminium profile that supports it, irrespectively.

[0058] Figs. 1 A and 2A, with reference to which the same reference numerals are used, are views similar to Figs. 1 and 2, with door 3 made of wood.

[0059] In all the other drawings, door 3 is shown in aluminium, it being understood that what will be said also applies to the case of a door in wood, the features of the hinge remaining unchanged. Likewise, the shoulder 2 of the furniture item is shown in wood but could obviously be in aluminium.

[0060] In the following description, if used, the terms vertical, horizontal, upper, lower, right, left, front, rear, etc., refer to the graphic representations of the drawings and / or to the conditions of mounting of the hinge.

[0061] Hinge 1 substantially comprises a fixed part 20 that is attached to the shoulder 2 of the furniture item, and a movable part 30 that is attached to the door 3, the fixed part 20 and the movable part 30 being jointed one to the other in such a way that they can rotate around a pin 4, which constitutes the axis of rotation of the hinge.

[0062] The fixed part 20 comprises a support element 21 (so called because it is intended to support the door), which is attached to the shoulder 2 by means of a plate element 22 in the manner to be stated here below.

[0063] The movable part 30, intended to be housed in a seat 5 formed in the profile of door 3 (or to embrace the thickness of the door in wood) comprises a body 31 with vertical extension, essentially L-shaped (see also Fig. 6B), above and below which protrude a pair of horizontal arms 32, determining a kind of fork, designed to he flush with the lateral profile of door 3 (see in particular Fig. 2, 2A).

[0064] The movable part 30 is attached to the door by means of screws 6 that traverse a wing of the L-shaped body 31.

[0065] A pair of holes 34, aligned on a vertical axis, are provided in proximity of the ends of the aforementioned arms 32 to accommodate the pin 4 of the hinge.

[0066] Pin 4 has a length such that it does not protrude beyond the vertical extension of movable part 30, to which it is riveted.

[0067] The support element 21 of the fixed part 20 of the hinge, which has a substantially "stepped" shape, has, at the free end, away from the plate element 22 for attachment to the shoulder of the furniture item, an enlarged housing 23 with an internal cavity 24 with a prismatic, or in any case non-circular, profile.

[0068] At the mid height of cavity 24 a transverse separation wall 25 is provided, which divides it in two. The wall 25 has a central hole, to allow the passage of pin 4 (see in particular Fig. 4B)

[0069] In each of the two halves of cavity 24 are arranged, around pin 4, a helical spring 7 and a block 8, with a central hole and partially hollow, which we shall call a pusher, whose outer profile matches the inner profile of cavity 24, in which it remains locked in rotation, but with the possibility of axial sliding vertically.

[0070] Each spring 7 works in compression between the separation wall 25 and the respective pusher 8 in which it is housed, exerting on the same a thrust outwards.

[0071] Protruding from the end surface of each pusher 8 is a raised wall 9, which is arranged around the pin 4 for a certain angular extent, for example about 300°, terminating with a flat front edge 10, joined to the base of the pusher with a right-angled end 12 and an inclined plane end 11, covering an arc of approximately 60° (see in particular Figs. 6C-8C).

[0072] Correspondingly, a wall 35 protrudes internally from the arms 32 of the movable part 30 of the hinge, which wall extends around the respective hole 34 for passage of the pin 4 by an angle of approximately 120°. The wall 35 can be made integral with the corresponding arm 32, but preferably it is part of a separate element inserted and locked in the hole 34. The wall 35 terminates with a flat edge 36 that opposes the flat edge 10 of the raised wall 9 of the pusher and is joined to the base of the arm 32 with a right-angled end 38 and an inclined-plane end 37, which perfectly marries with the inclined plane 11 of the pusher.

[0073] In practice, the angular extensions of said shaped walls 9, 35 of pushers 8 and arms 32 are explementary (together they form 360°), with said inclined plane surfaces 11, 37, which have the same angular extension, superimposed one in relation to the other.

[0074] The angles indicated for the extensions of the flat edges and of the inclined planes of the walls provided internally to arms 32 and externally to pushers 8 are not limiting and can be varied on the basis of when it is preferred to start the action of return of the hinge, i.e. of the door, as will be mentioned shortly.

[0075] To prevent rubbing between the surfaces of the arms 32 and of the support element 21 during the rotation of the hinge, an anti-friction plate 13, preferably made of nylon, acting as a seal, is interposed between them.

[0076] The plate 13 is rectangular in shape, with a through hole 14 of dimensions such as to accommodate in its interior the aforementioned wall 35 protruding from the arm 32.

[0077] A further hole 15 of smaller dimensions is also provided in plate 13, designed to accommodate a peg 39 protruding from arm 32, in such a way that the plate remains locked in position, without being displaced during rotation of the hinge.

[0078] Having described the structure of the hinge in its essential parts, its functioning is now described, in particular the return action during the phase of closure, referring in particular to Figs. 5 to 8C.

[0079] In the enlargements of Figs. 6C, 7C, 8C, the single pin 4 of the hinge and the antifriction plate 13 are not shown, in order to highlight better the coupling between the inclined planes of walls 35 and 9.

[0080] Figs. 6-6C show the hinge and its details in the position open at 180°, with the upper pusher 8 on view.

[0081] In this position, pusher 8 is in the condition of maximum retraction in seat 24 of housing 23, with spring 7 in the condition of maximum compression.

[0082] As can be seen in Fig. 8C, the flat edge 36 of the wall 35 protruding from the arm 32 of the movable part 30 of the hinge is arranged on the flat edge 10 of the wall 9 protruding from the pusher 8, without there being contact between the respective inclined planes 37 and 11, as also can be seen from the section in Fig. 6A.

[0083] Following a counterclockwise rotation of the door through a predetermined angle, the hinge moves into the position of Figs. 7-7C, wherein contact between the inclined planes 37 and 11 begins, and then the action of return during closing exerted by the compressed spring 7 which tends to unload.

[0084] Starting from this position, spring 7 pushes outwards pusher 8, which, thanks to the engagement of its inclined plane 11 with inclined plane 37, exerts a return force on the hinge up to the fully closed position shown in Figs. 8-8C, in which the aforementioned inclined planes are fully coupled, with pusher 8 in its condition of maximum extraction. In practice, the action of the spring in the final closing phase of the hinge is expressed by the angular extension of the arc over which the aforementioned inclined planes 11 and 37 extend.

[0085] In the subsequent step of opening of the door, with clockwise rotation, since the inclined planes are already reciprocally engaged, the compression action of spring 7 begins immediately, which reaches the maximum in the position of Figs. 7-7C, in which pusher 8 is in the condition of maximum retraction in housing 23, to then continue the stroke of opening with the inclined planes disengaged and a sliding between the opposing flat edges 36 and 10.

[0086] The closure of the hinge, assisted by the spring return means described above, is slowed down in the last section by deceleration means, which will now be described with reference to figures 9-21, which, according to the invention, are arranged so as to exert their action substantially from the moment in which the elastic return means begin to operate.

[0087] According to the prior art, in this type of hinge, for example provided with magnet return means, as described in the introductory part, the optional shock absorber is normally constituted by a cylinder-piston type damper. The damper is housed in a seat provided in the body of the movable part, from which the stem of the piston protrudes, and only in the last degrees of closure of the hinge does it go to interfere with the wall of the fixed part, with an unsatisfactory effect.

[0088] Figures 9-21 show two different arrangements of the deceleration means according to the invention, which allow the object set to be achieved.

[0089] The hinge illustrated in these drawings is to be understood as corresponding exactly to that of the previous drawings, although some parts are shown with a slightly different shape.

[0090] According to the embodiment shown in Figures 9-10, the deceleration means consist of at least one damper 70, preferably two, as shown in the drawings, mounted inside the arms 32 of the movable part 30 of the hinge, actuated by a respective protrusion with cam profile 80 provided on the fixed part 20.

[0091] In particular, each damper 70 is housed in a respective longitudinal seat 71, formed in the corresponding arm 32, open frontally, on the side turned towards said housing 23 of the articulation pin 4 and of the return means.

[0092] The seat 71 has a tubular shape, to accommodate the cylinder 72 of the damper, joined to a longitudinal groove 73 oriented vertically upwards or downwards, according to the arm 32 in which it is formed, for the guided sliding of a rib 74 provided on the cylinder 72. With the hinge mounted, the groove 73 is closed frontally by the anti-friction plate 13, which would prevent the damper from coming out. However, a pin 76 is inserted laterally, or transversally, in the corresponding arm 32, which goes to engage rib 74, constituting an end-of-stroke stop of the damper (see in particular the enlargement of Fig. 9A). In the drawings, damper 70 is inserted in seat 71 with stem 75 protruding from cylinder 72 turned forwards, therefore with the rear part of cylinder 72 protruding from seat 71. However, the damper could also be inserted the other way round, in which case the stem 75 would protrude from the seat 71 to be actuated by the protrusion with cam profile, as will now be described.

[0093] As can be seen in Figures 9 and 10, the support element 21 of the fixed part of the hinge has a vertical extension below that of the housing 23 of the pin 4, in such a way that the end parts of the latter protrude above and below from the support element 21.

[0094] The protrusions with cam profile 80 are provided at the aforementioned terminal parts of the housing 23, turned towards the support element 21.

[0095] In practice, both the damper 70 and the cam protrusion 80 are arranged in close proximity to the articulation pin 4, i.e. to the axis of rotation of the hinge, on opposite sides with respect thereto with the hinge open.

[0096] This arrangement allows the angle of intervention of the damper to be regulated, varying the profile of cam 80, for example to ensure that the braking action of the damper is substantially performed at the moment in which the elastic return means begin to operate, as shown schematically in Figures 11-13.

[0097] Fig. 11 shows the hinge open at 90°, with damper 70 at rest, slightly distanced from the cam protrusion 80.

[0098] Following a rotation in anticlockwise direction, with reference to the drawings, the hinge reaches an angle of opening of, for example, approximately 45°, at which the damper starts to actuate, coming into contact with cam 80, as shown in Fig. 12. This angle can be made to correspond to that at which the return means begin to exert their action.

[0099] Fig. 13 shows the hinge in a condition of complete closure (0°), in which there is maximum compression of the damper, which tends to keep the hinge closed.

[0100] As can be seen, the dampers 70 are arranged in such a way as to be practically invisible during functioning of the hinge, in addition to exerting an optimal braking action.

[0101] Referring now to Figures 14-21, a second embodiment of the arrangement of the deceleration means is described, using, where possible, the same reference numerals as the previous embodiment. According to this embodiment, the dampers 70 are mounted on the fixed part 20 of the hinge, on the support element 21, and are actuated by respective protrusions with cam profile 80 provided on the movable part 30.

[0102] In this case, the support element 21 of the fixed part of the hinge has a vertical extension equal to that of the housing 23 of the pin 41, and has a thickened central part 81, so as to determine an upper and a lower seat 82, for the housing of the damper 70, bordered below and above, respectively, by the thickness 83 of said central part 82, and laterally by walls 84 of the support element 21, in which vertical dovetail grooves 85 are formed.

[0103] The damper 70 is mounted in a support or damper holder 90, comprising a semi- cylindrical cap 93, partially covering a rectangular frame 91, closed by a base 92, on one side, and open on the other.

[0104] When the damper 70 is mounted in the damper holder 90, the rear part of the cylinder 72 abuts against the base 92 of the frame 91, which constitutes an end-of-stroke stop of the damper. This rear part of cylinder 72 remains in any case raised with respect to said base 92, so that it can be engaged by the cam protrusion 80 for the actuation of the damper, as will be stated shortly.

[0105] The damper holder 90, with the damper pre-mounted, is mounted in the respective seat 82 by sliding with force the frame 91 along the grooves 85, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 17, until bringing it to rest with the thickness 83 of the thickened central part 81 of the support element 21. In this condition, the stem 75 of the damper goes to rest against one of said side walls 84 of the seat 82.

[0106] The protrusions with cam profile 80 are provided on the body 31, adjacent to the arms 32, oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto, and arranged at the same level as the seats 82 for housing the dampers.

[0107] Also in this case, both the dampers 70 and the cam-shaped protrusions 80 are arranged in close proximity to the articulation pin 4, i.e. to the axis of rotation of the hinge, in such a way as to allow the angle of intervention of the decelerating action to be increased.

[0108] Figures 19-21 show the actuation of damper 70 by means of the protrusion with cam profile 80.

[0109] In Fig. 19 the hinge is open at 90°, with the damper at rest, in a condition of maximum distension. Fig. 20 shows the hinge at an angle of opening of approximately 30°, in which the cam 80 enters into contact with the rear part of the damper, initiating the braking action, until arriving at the condition of completely closed hinge, in which the damper is in the condition of maximum compression.

[0110] Referring now to Figs. 22-27 A, a system for rapid fixing and mounting of the fixed part 20 of the hinge to the shoulder 2 of the furniture item is described in brief.

[0111] The plate element 22 of the fixed part 20 has pairs of slots 40 with vertical extension, for attachment to the shoulder 2 by means of screws 41, with the possibility of vertical regulation.

[0112] The plate element 40 has a lowered central part 42, open at least frontally, which is arranged in a seat 43 formed in shoulder 2, and intended to accommodate an arm 44 of the "stepped" support element 21

[0113] Arm 44 has a substantially C-shaped cross section, such as to be able to accommodate below it, in an adjustable manner, an insert 50 with substantially flat longitudinal extension.

[0114] The insert 50 has, in the front part, a slit open frontally, and further back a circular hole 52, suitable for arranging below a threaded hole 53 and an opening 54, respectively, provided on the flat wall of the arm 44.

[0115] A screw 55 is screwed into the hole 53, whose shank 56 is inserted in the slit 51 of the insert 50 and ends with a widened end 57 that is arranged below the insert.

[0116] In the opening 54 of the arm 44, the head 58 of an eccentric pin 59 is instead arranged, which is inserted in the hole 52 of the insert 50.

[0117] The insert 50 can be preassembled to arm 44, as shown in Fig. 23.

[0118] The insert 50 has at the end opposite to the slit 51 a narrowed opening 45, which leads into a hole 46 of greater dimensions.

[0119] To the rear of the lowered part 42 of the plate element 22 a fin 47 is provided, provided with a hole 48, at the same level as holes 40, which, when assembled, is arranged above the hole 46 provided in the insert 50.

[0120] A pin 60 having a flattened shank 61, such that it has two different dimensions in reciprocally orthogonal directions, is inserted in hole 48 of fin 47, from which a stem with a widened end 62 protrudes and is arranged below an underlying perforated plate 47' (Fig. 23) to prevent withdrawal thereof. For the mounting of the hinge at the shoulder of the furniture item, arm 44, complete with insert 50, is inserted in the lowered part 42 of plate element 22 with pin 60 oriented in such a way that it can pass through the narrowed opening 45 of the insert and arrange itself in hole 46, as shown by the section of Fig. 27.

[0121] At this point, it is sufficient to rotate pin 60 through 90° to arrange shank 61 in the position shown in the section of Fig. 27 A, in which the larger transverse dimension of shank 61 with respect to opening 45 maintains arm 44 locked in position, preventing extraction thereof.

[0122] The various screws allow the three degrees of regulation of the hinge, and thus of the door, to be obtained.

[0123] As already seen, vertical, i.e. upward and downward, regulation is achieved during the phase of fixing of the plate element 22 with the screws 41 in the slots 40.

[0124] Lateral regulation is carried out by screwing / unscrewing screw 55, which causes the arm 44 to be raised / lowered.

[0125] Finally, frontal or depth regulation is achieved by acting on the head 58 of the eccentric pin 59, which slides along the inner profile of the opening 54 formed in the arm 44, causing a longitudinal displacement thereof with respect to the insert 50. From the foregoing, the advantages of the one-pin hinge according to the invention, provided with fully concealed return closing means, which does not affect the dimensions of the hinge, which is therefore small in size and compact in shape, are clear, as well as provided with deceleration means, the effect of which is substantially concomitant with the action of the return closing means, are evident.

[0126] A further advantage of the one-pin hinge according to the invention is that it can be mounted, without substantial modifications, irrespectively on aluminium and wooden doors.

[0127] Another advantage is that this hinge can be easily and rapidly mounted on the furniture item.

[0128] Naturally the invention is not limited to the particular embodiment previously described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, but numerous detailed changes can be made thereto within the reach of the person skilled in the art, without thereby departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Hinge (1) for the movement in opening and closing of a door (3) with respect to a vertical wall or shoulder (2) of a furniture item, said hinge (1) comprising return means and shock absorption means in closure, a first fixed part (20) fixed to the shoulder (2), and a second movable part (30) fixed to the door (3), the fixed part (20) and the movable part (30) being articulated one with respect to the other in such a way that said movable part (30) can rotate around a pin (4), which constitutes a vertical axis of rotation of the hinge, traversing said fixed part (20) and movable part (30), wherein said return closing means comprise at least one spring (7) arranged around said pin (4) exerting a force in the direction of the axis of the pin (4) which, in the final phase of closure, acts on coupling surfaces of aid fixed (20) and movable (30) parts of the hinge, constituted by inclined planes (11) and (37), respectively, extending over an arc that determines the angle of action of said at least one spring (7) so as to make said movable part (30) rotate with respect to said fixed part (20), and wherein said shock absorption means comprise at least one protrusion with cam profile (80) arranged on said fixed part (20) or movable part (30) of the hinge, actuating a respective damper (70), arranged on said movable part (30) or fixed part (20), capable of slowing down the closing of the hinge, said at least one protrusion with cam profile (80) and said at least one damper (70) being positioned adjacent to said articulation pin (4) and on opposite sides with respect thereto when the hinge is open, so that the braking effect of the damper can substantially start concurrently with the action of said return means.

2. Hinge according to claim 1, wherein said pin (4) and said at least one return spring (7) are arranged in a housing (23) with vertical extension carried at one end of a plate-shaped support element (21) of said fixed part (20) or movable part (30) of the hinge, said movable part (30) or fixed part (20) having a substantially forklike conformation, with a body (31) with vertical extension, from which a pair of horizontal arms (32) protrude, between which is arranged said housing (23), with the opposed ends of said articulation pin (4) housed in aligned holes of said arms (32.

3. Hinge according to claim 2, characterised in that said at least one damper (70) is housed in a respective longitudinal seat (71), formed in a corresponding arm (32), partially protruding therefrom, and said at least one protrusion with cam profile(80) is provided at an end part of said housing (23), turned towards said support element (21), the vertical extension of which is less than that of the housing (23).

4. Hinge according to claim 3, characterised in that said longitudinal seat (71) has a tubular shape, to accommodate the cylinder (72) of the damper, connected to a longitudinal groove (73) that extends longitudinally to the seat (71) and is oriented vertically upwards or downwards, for the guided sliding of a rib (74) provided on the cylinder (72), said rib (74) being engaged by a pin (76), inserted transversely in the corresponding arm (32, the pin (76) constituting an end-of-stroke stop of the damper.

5. Hinge according to claim 2, characterised in that said at least one damper (70) is housed in a corresponding seat (82) formed above or below a thickened central part (81) of said plate-shaped support element (21), which has a vertical extension equal to that of said housing (23) of the pin (4) and of the at least one return spring (7), and said at least one protrusion with cam profile (80) is provided on said body (31), adjacent to a corresponding arm (32), oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to this arm, and arranged at the same level as the seat (82) for housing the damper.

6. Hinge according to claim 5, characterised in that said at least one damper (70) is mounted in a damper holder (90) comprising a semi-cylindrical cap (93), partially covering a rectangular frame (91), closed by a base (92), on one side, and open on the other side, said base (92) constituting an end-of-stroke stop of the damper, said damper holder (90), with the damper pre-mounted, being housed in a respective seat (82) with the frame (91) inserted in opposing grooves (85), provided at the sides of the seat (82), and resting with the thickness (83) of said thickened central part (81) of the support element (21).

7. Hinge according to claim 2 and any one of the following claims, characterised in that said at least one spring (7) is arranged in a seat (24) of said housing (23) provided in said fixed part (20) of the hinge and acts against a pusher (8) also arranged in said seat (24) without the possibility of rotation, and bearing on the surface turned towards the exterior of said seat (24) a shaped wall (9) developing around the pin (4), co-operating with a corresponding shaped wall (35) provided internally to at least one of the arms (32) of said movable part (30) in the shape of a fork, between which said pin (4) is arranged, or vice versa, said shaped walls (9, 35)carrying said inclined plane coupling surfaces (11, 37) tending to rotate said movable part (30) with respect to said fixed part (20) of the hinge.

8. Hinge according to claim 7, characterised in that said shaped wall (9) of the pusher (8) ends with a flat front edge (10), connected to the base of the pusher with said inclined plane surface (11), and said shaped wall (35) provided internally to said arm (32) ends with a flat edge (36) which is opposed to the flat edge (10) of the shaped wall (9) of the pusher, and is connected to the base of the arm (32) with said inclined plane end (37), which marries perfectly with the inclined plane (11) of the pusher.

9. Hinge according to claim 8, characterised in that the angular extensions of said shaped walls (9, 35) of the pusher (8) and of the arm (32) are explementary, with said inclined plane surfaces (11, 37), which have the same angular extension, in superimposition one with the other.

10. Hinge according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that said shaped wall (9) of the pusher (8) has an angular extension of approximately 300° and said shaped wall (35) provided internally to said arm (32) has an angular extension of approximately 120°, said inclined plane surfaces (11, 37) having an angular extension of approximately 60°.

11. Hinge according to any one of the preceding claims from 2 to 10, characterised in that in said housing (23) are arranged a pair of springs (7) that work in opposition against respective pushers (8), with respective shaped walls (9) cooperating with corresponding shaped walls (35) provided internally to both arms (32) of said movable (30) or fixed (20) fork-shaped part.

12. Hinge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, around said pin (4) between the surfaces of said fixed part (20) and movable part (30), is interposed an anti-friction plate (13).

13. Hinge according to any one of the preceding claims from 2 to 12, characterised in that said plate support element (21) of said fixed part (20) or movable part (30) of the hinge, bearing at one end said housing (23) for the return means (7), bears at the other end a quick-locking arm (44) by means of an underlying insert (50) in a plate element (22) attached to the shoulder (2) of the furniture item or to the door (3).

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