Reduced capability user equipment with extended discontinuous reception in non-terrestrial networks
By configuring RRM measurements within or independent of eDRX cycles based on ephemeris information and validity timers, the method addresses power consumption and measurement accuracy issues in NTN systems, ensuring timely and efficient UE operations.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/110655
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in managing radio resource management (RRM) measurements for user equipment (UE) in non-terrestrial networks (NTN) due to the high mobility of satellites, leading to interrupted channel measurements and increased power consumption, particularly in extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) cycles.
The implementation of a method for UE to determine eDRX cycle lengths and validity timers, allowing RRM measurements to be configured within paging time windows (PTW) or independent of them, and adjusting measurements based on satellite type and ephemeris information to optimize power consumption and measurement accuracy.
This approach enables efficient power management and accurate RRM measurements in NTN environments by ensuring channel measurements are completed before cell footprint changes or ephemeris information expires, reducing power consumption and maintaining network connectivity.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024110655_12022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
REDUCED CAPABILITY USER EQUIPMENT WITH EXTENDED DISCONTINUOUS RECEPTION IN NON-TERRESTRIAL NETWORKSBACKGROUND
[0001] Wireless communication networks provide integrated communication platforms and telecommunication services to wireless user devices. Example telecommunication services include telephony, data (e.g., voice, audio, and / or video data) , messaging, and / or other services. The wireless communication networks have wireless access nodes that exchange wireless signals with the wireless user devices using wireless network protocols, such as protocols described in various telecommunication standards promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . Example wireless communication networks include time division multiple access (TDMA) networks, frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) networks, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) , and Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) . The wireless communication networks facilitate mobile broadband service using technologies such as OFDM, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) , advanced channel coding, massive MIMO, beamforming, and / or other features.
[0002] A wireless user device, such as a user equipment (UE) , may communicate with one or more wireless access nodes, such as base stations, in a wireless communication network. The base stations may configure and manage one or more cells covering a geographical area. The UE within the coverage of a cell may access a wireless communication network via the cell. When the UE is in a location simultaneously covered by multiple cells, the UE may perform radio resource management (RRM) with the base stations to determine the radio resources most suitable for a connection. RRM may involve, e.g., measurement of signal quality between the UE and the base stations.SUMMARY
[0003] In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communication includes receiving ephemeris information describing a serving cell of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , the ephemeris information associated with a validity timer; comparing an extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) cycle length to a threshold value; in response to determining, based on the comparing, that the eDRX cycle length exceeds the threshold value, configuring a radio resource management (RRM) measurement to occur on a discontinuous reception (DRX) instance in a paging time window (PTW) of an eDRX cycle and based on the validity timer; and in response to determining, based on the comparing, that the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value, configuring the RRM measurement to occur independent of a PTW of the eDRX cycle and based on the validity timer.
[0004] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises: determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; and causing the RRM measurement to be dropped.
[0005] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the method further comprises: determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; and causing a user equipment (UE) associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.
[0006] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the method further comprises: determining that a target satellite comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; and causing a UE associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.
[0007] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises: determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; and causing a user equipment (UE) associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement; and causing the UE to perform the RRM measurement using a DRX occasion.
[0008] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the method further comprises: determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; and causing a user equipment (UE) associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.
[0009] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the method further comprises: determining that a target satellite comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; and causing a UE associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.
[0010] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises: determining that a target satellite comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; comparing an eDRX cycle measurement time to a measurement interval for the Earth-moving LEO satellite; when the eDRX cycle measurement time is less than the measurement interval, configuring the RRM measurement to occur using the eDRX cycle; and when the eDRX cycle measurement time is greater than the measurement interval, configuring the RRM measurement be dropped.
[0011] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the measurement interval for the Earth-moving LEO satellite is based on a cell footprint size.
[0012] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the cell footprint size is a function of a speed and an elevation angle of the Earth-moving LEO satellite, and wherein the eDRX cycle measurement time is a function of the eDRX cycle length and a number of measurement samples.
[0013] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the measurement interval for the Earth-moving LEO satellite is based on a validity timer associated with the ephemeris information, and wherein the eDRX cycle measurement time is a function of the eDRX cycle length and a number of measurement samples.
[0014] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer is a function of a measurement, detection, or evaluation time of the RRM measurement.
[0015] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement time is less than a scaled value of the validity timer, an eDRX detection time is less than a scaled value of the validity timer, or an eDRX evaluation time is less than a scaled value of the validity timer.
[0016] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement, detection, or evaluation time is greater than a scaled value of the validity timer, and wherein a time period for the RRM measurement is extended when new ephemeris information is acquired.
[0017] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement, detection, or evaluation time is greater than a scaled value of the validity timer, and wherein a previous RRM measurement is dropped and the RRM measurement is restarted after new ephemeris information is acquired.
[0018] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the method further comprises speeding up the RRM measurement responsive to a signal to noise ratio (SINR) exceeding a threshold.
[0019] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement, detection, or evaluation time is greater than a scaled value of the validity timer, and wherein a synchronization signal block (SSB) outside the eDRX is used for the RRM measurement.
[0020] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the eDRX cycle length exceeds the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises: determining that the serving cell or target cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; determining that a DRX cycle time in the PTW exceeds a second threshold value; and causing the RRM measurement to be dropped.
[0021] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the second threshold value is 1.28 seconds.
[0022] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the method further comprises: avoiding configuration of the DRX cycle time of more than 2.56 seconds within the PTW.
[0023] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the eDRX cycle length exceeds the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises: determining that the validity timer expires outside a PTW; and causing a user equipment (UE) to wake up for acquiring new ephemeris information and perform the RRM measurement; or causing the UE to wake up for acquiring new ephemeris information only; or causing the UE to acquire new ephemeris information and perform the RRM measurement during a next available PTW.
[0024] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer value is a function of the eDRX cycle length.
[0025] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer value is a function of the eDRX cycle length and a PTW length.
[0026] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the threshold value is 10.24 seconds.
[0027] In an aspect, a non-transitory computer storage medium is encoded with instructions that, when executed by one or more computers, cause the one or more computers to perform the methods previously disclosed or otherwise disclosed herein.
[0028] In an aspect, a system comprises one or more processors and one or more storage devices on which are stored instructions that are operable, when executed by the one or more processors, to cause the one or more processors to perform the methods previously disclosed or otherwise disclosed herein.
[0029] In an aspect, an apparatus comprises one or more baseband processors configured to perform the methods previously disclosed or otherwise disclosed herein.
[0030] In an aspect, one or more processors comprise circuitry that executes instructions to cause a user equipment (UE) to perform the methods previously disclosed or otherwise disclosed herein.
[0031] In some implementations, a system, e.g., a base station, an apparatus including one or more baseband processors, and so forth, can be configured to perform particular operations or actions by virtue of having software, firmware, hardware, or a combination of them installed on the system that in operation causes or cause the system to perform the actions.
[0032] The details of one or more embodiments of these systems and methods are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of these systems and methods will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.
[0033] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0034] FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless network, according to some implementations.
[0035] FIG. 2 illustrates a table with two example RRM scenarios applicable to some implementations.
[0036] FIG. 3 illustrates an example timing diagram for extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) operation in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , according to some implementations.
[0037] FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of an example process, according to some implementations.
[0038] FIG. 5 illustrates a user equipment (UE) , according to some implementations.
[0039] FIG. 6 illustrates an access node, according to some implementations.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] A reduced capability (RedCap) user equipment (UE) can be configured for operating using extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) within a Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) . The UE is configured to support reduced capability operation when in an NTN by validating each of the ephemeris information of a satellite based on a validity timer in a context of eDRX cycle timing requirements to ensure that UE functionality for each of channel measurement, channel detection, and / or channel evaluation are supported. Specifically, the UE is configured to determine whether the UE can perform functions in accordance with the eDRX cycle, such as within a paging transmission window (PTW) of the eDRX cycle, while also satisfying a validity time length of a validity timer indicating a time for which a cell footprint associated with the UE is valid.
[0041] RedCap functionality addresses use cases for a UE in between high speed enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , ultra-reliable low latency communications (uRLLC) , and low throughput and battery efficient massive machine-type communication (mMTC) technologies. Specifically, RedCap functionality enables lower power consumption by a UE while enabling higher data rates than for low-power wide-area (LPWA) solutions.
[0042] RedCap functionality includes a device, such as a UE, using discontinuous reception (DRX) to reduce power consumption. A UE may support DRX when performing measurements for radio resource management (RRM) . When operating in DRX, the UE is configured with a series of DRX cycles during a period of time. Each DRX cycle provides an occasion, also referred to as an “On” duration, in which the UE can perform measurements with a base station. Each DRX cycle also provides a period, also referred to as an Off duration, in which the UE does not perform measurements. The UE may disable some wireless communication functions during the Off duration to save power.
[0043] A UE may support eDRX to further save power. An eDRX cycle extends over a period of time that includes multiple DRX cycles. Each eDRX cycle provides a duration, often referred to as a paging transmission window (PTW) , in which the UE can receive incoming data traffic (e.g., paging) from a base station. The UE can perform measurements during the DRX occasions within the PTW. Each eDRX cycle also provides a duration, also referred to as a deep sleep period, in which the UE does not receive incoming data traffic and does not perform measurements. Compared to the power saving in an Off duration within a PTW, the UE may disable more wireless communication functions during the deep sleep period to further save power. The power saving from eDRX may cause an increase in data latency. Accordingly, eDRX features are often implemented in RedCap UEs that do not require high data transmission speed.
[0044] In some embodiments, the UE may be in an RRC IDLE mode or an RRC INACTIVE mode while performing measurements in eDRX cycles. These eDRX cycles are referred to as idle eDRX cycles if the UE is in the RRC IDLE mode. These eDRX cycles are referred to as inactive eDRX cycles if the UE is in the RRC INACTIVE mode. The UE may support other eDRX cycles depending on the mode of the UE.
[0045] For non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) , satellites that communicate with a user equipment (UE) are moving at relatively high speeds. The movement of the satellites may result in a UE periodically changing its cell footprint in the network. To avoid a situation in which a UE’s channel measurement, channel detection, and / or channel evaluation are interrupted by a change to the UE’s cell footprint with the NTN, the UE can ensure that these operations can be completed in accordance with the eDRX cycles before the cell footprint changes or before network ephemeris information expires, either of which may occur outside a PTW, when the UE is in a sleep mode.
[0046] The embodiments described herein generally relate to full-duplex frequency division duplex (FDD) radio frequency (RF) and RRM requirements. Generally, the RedCap configuration described herein support global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) capabilities and simultaneous GNNS and new radio (NR) NTN operation.
[0047] FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless network 100, according to some implementations. The wireless network 100 includes a UE 102 and a base station 104 connected via one or more channels 106A, 106B across an air interface 108. The UE 102 and base station 104 communicate using a system that supports controls for managing the access of the UE 102 to a network via the base station 104.
[0048] In some implementations, the wireless network 100 may be a Non-Standalone (NSA) network that incorporates Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) communication standards as defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) technical specifications. For example, the wireless network 100 may be a E-UTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) -NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) network, or a NR-EUTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC) network. However, the wireless network 100 may also be a Standalone (SA) network that incorporates only 5G NR. Furthermore, other types of communication standards are possible, including future 3GPP systems (e.g., Sixth Generation (6G) ) systems, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 technology (e.g., IEEE 802.11a; IEEE 802.11b; IEEE 802.11g; IEEE 802.11-2007; IEEE 802.11n; IEEE 802.11-2012; IEEE 802.11ac; or other present or future developed IEEE 802.11 technologies) , IEEE 802.16 protocols (e.g., WMAN, WiMAX, etc. ) , or the like. While aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 5G NR, aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other systems, such as 3G, 4G, and / or systems subsequent to 5G (e.g., 6G) .
[0049] In the wireless network 100, the UE 102 and any other UE in the system may be, for example, laptop computers, smartphones, tablet computers, machine-type devices such as smart meters or specialized devices for healthcare, intelligent transportation systems, or any other wireless devices with or without a user interface. In network 100, the base station 104 provides the UE 102 network connectivity to a broader network (not shown) . This UE 102 connectivity is provided via the air interface 108 in a base station service area provided by the base station 104. In some implementations, such a broader network may be a wide area network operated by a cellular network provider or may be the Internet. Each base station service area associated with the base station 104 is supported by antennas integrated with the base station 104. The service areas are divided into a number of sectors associated with certain antennas. Such sectors may be physically associated with fixed antennas or may be assigned to a physical area with tunable antennas or antenna settings adjustable in a beamforming process used to direct a signal to a particular sector.
[0050] The UE 102 includes control circuitry 110 coupled with transmit circuitry 112 and receive circuitry 114. The transmit circuitry 112 and receive circuitry 114 may each be coupled with one or more antennas. The control circuitry 110 may include various combinations of application-specific circuitry and baseband circuitry. The transmit circuitry 112 and receive circuitry 114 may be adapted to transmit and receive data, respectively, and may include radio frequency (RF) circuitry or front-end module (FEM) circuitry.
[0051] In various implementations, aspects of the transmit circuitry 112, receive circuitry 114, and control circuitry 110 may be integrated in various ways to implement the operations described herein. The control circuitry 110 may be adapted or configured to perform various operations such as those described elsewhere in this disclosure related to a UE.
[0052] The transmit circuitry 112 can perform various operations described in this specification. Additionally, the transmit circuitry 112 may transmit a plurality of multiplexed uplink physical channels. The plurality of uplink physical channels may be multiplexed according to time division multiplexing (TDM) or frequency division multiplexing (FDM) along with carrier aggregation. The transmit circuitry 112 may be configured to receive block data from the control circuitry 110 for transmission across the air interface 108.
[0053] The receive circuitry 114 can perform various operations described in this specification. Additionally, the receive circuitry 114 may receive a plurality of multiplexed downlink physical channels from the air interface 108 and relay the physical channels to the control circuitry 110. The plurality of downlink physical channels may be multiplexed according to TDM or FDM along with carrier aggregation. The transmit circuitry 112 and the receive circuitry 114 may transmit and receive both control data and content data (e.g., messages, images, video, etc. ) structured within data blocks that are carried by the physical channels.
[0054] FIG. 1 also illustrates the base station 104. In implementations, the base station 104 may be an NG radio access network (RAN) or a 5G RAN, an E-UTRAN, a non-terrestrial cell, or a legacy RAN, such as a UTRAN or GERAN. As used herein, the term “NG RAN” or the like may refer to the base station 104 that operates in an NR or 5G wireless network 100, and the term “E-UTRAN” or the like may refer to a base station 104 that operates in an LTE or 4G wireless network 100. The UE 102 utilizes connections (or channels) 106A, 106B, each of which includes a physical communications interface or layer.
[0055] The base station 104 circuitry may include control circuitry 116 coupled with transmit circuitry 118 and receive circuitry 120. The transmit circuitry 118 and receive circuitry 120 may each be coupled with one or more antennas that may be used to enable communications via the air interface 108. The transmit circuitry 118 and receive circuitry 120 may be adapted to transmit and receive data, respectively, to any UE connected to the base station 104. The transmit circuitry 118 may transmit downlink physical channels includes of a plurality of downlink subframes. The receive circuitry 120 may receive a plurality of uplink physical channels from various UEs, including the UE 102.
[0056] In FIG. 1, the one or more channels 106A, 106B are illustrated as an air interface to enable communicative coupling, and can be consistent with cellular communications protocols, such as a GSM protocol, a CDMA network protocol, a UMTS protocol, a 3GPP LTE protocol, an Advanced long term evolution (LTE-A) protocol, a LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) , a 5G protocol, a NR protocol, an NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) protocol, and / or any of the other communications protocols discussed herein. In implementations, the UE 102 may directly exchange communication data via a ProSe interface. The ProSe interface may alternatively be referred to as a sidelink (SL) interface and may include one or more logical channels, including but not limited to a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) , a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) , a Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel (PSDCH) , and a Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) .
[0057] FIG. 2 illustrates a table with two example RRM scenarios for RedCap user equipment. The table includes an eDRX use case in which there are two main scenarios for determining RRM requirements. In a first scenario, the eDRX cycle time is less than or equal to 10.24 seconds. In a second scenario, the eDRX cycle time is greater than 10.24 seconds but less than or equal to 10485.76 seconds (e.g., a maximum validation window time) .
[0058] In the first scenario, shown in rows designated by box 202, no PTW is used, and a measurement, detection, or evaluation delay is based on the eDRX cycle time. For example, if five samples (measurements) are needed by the UE, the UE can determine whether there is enough time to perform these five measurements based on the eDRX cycle time alone, or 5 times a length of the eDRX cycle.
[0059] In the second scenario, shown in rows designated by box 204, the PTW is used, and a periodicity of the PTW is equivalent to the eDRX cycle. The measurement, detection, or evaluation delay is more complex to compute because the UE performs measurements during the PTW only. Within each PTW, the user equipment performs a given measurement based on the DRX cycle timing. In other words, only for DRX cycles occurring during the PTW can the UE perform a measurement. The PTW is used because, when the PTW is used, a length of the eDRX cycle is relatively long. When the eDRX cycle is long it is not practical for the UE to wake up for every DRX cycle within the eDRX to perform a measurement.
[0060] In legacy NTN, the eDRX is not used because the network assumes that no RedCap user equipment is operating within the network. Instead, only the DRX configuration in idle mode accommodated. Specifically, the UE is not required to meet the requirements for 2.56 DRX cycle length for earth-moving low Earth Orbit (LEO) deployment. This exception is provided because, when the Earth-moving LEO is used for the base station (network) , and the cell footprint is relatively small (e.g., several kilometers) , then the longer measurement delay of the UE operating in this embodiment would fail mobility requirements because the cell footprint on the Earth is changing too quickly. The UE would not complete a measurement cycle using eDRX as a measurement interval before the cell footprint moves away from the UE. The UE can only complete a measurement cycle using the DRX before the cell footprint moves. In addition, the validity timer can expire during the eDRX cycle because the eDRX cycle is long. In legacy systems, the UE can therefore fail to complete a measurement before the ephemeris information of the satellite expires.
[0061] The systems and processes described herein enable the UE to use the eDRX cycle for a measurement interval in an NTN to enable RedCap operation in the NTN. The systems and processes described herein enable the UE to perform measurements using the eDRX before the validity timer, and therefore the ephemeris information, expires. The measurement configurations described herein enable the UE to perform measurements in accordance with a long delay driven by the eDRX as a measurement interval while operating in an NTN.
[0062] FIG. 3 illustrates an example timing diagram 300 for extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) operation in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , according to some implementations. The timing diagram 300 can be implemented by a UE, such as UE 102 of FIG. 1. The timing diagram 300 shows an eDRX cycle 308 and a portion of a second eDRX cycle 314. As shown in FIG. 3, each of eDRX cycles 308 and 314 has multiple DRX occasions, such as and one of DRX occasions 312a-d (collectively DRX occasions 312) , within the respective PTW 302, 304 of each eDRX cycle 308, 314. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, eDRX cycle 308 has PTW 302 followed by deep sleep period 310. Similarly, eDRX cycle 314 has PTW 304 followed by a deep sleep period (not shown in FIG. 3) . The UE may perform RRM in more eDRX cycles beyond eDRX cycles 308 and 314.
[0063] During a PTW of an eDRX cycle, the UE may perform actual measurements at some or all DRX occasions 312. The result of each measurement can be referred to as a sample. For example, the UE can perform measurements at any of DRX occasions 312a-312d while skipping the other DRX occasions in PTW 302. The UE can filter the two measurements to conduct an evaluation of, e.g., the quality of a cell. DRX occasions 312a and 312b are spaced apart in time to form a DRX cycle 306.
[0064] As previously described, the UE does not perform actual measurements at any of the DRX occasions during deep sleep period 310. Thus, after the measurement of DRX occasion 312d, the UE can save power until the next DRX occasion with an actual measurement, DRX occasion 312e in PTW 304 of the next eDRX cycle 314. The UE can determine the time difference between (i) DRX occasion 312d, which is the last DRX occasion with actual measurement in PTW 302, and (ii) DRX occasion 312e, which is the first DRX occasion with actual measurement in the next PTW 304. Typically, the greater the value of this delay, the more power the UE can save. However, the UE may restrict the value of this delay to be less than or equal to a threshold so that the measurement results at DRX occasions 312d and 312e can be meaningfully correlated and processed (e.g., filtered) . PTWs in successive eDRX cycles are referred to as neighboring PTWs. For example, PTWs 302 and 304 are neighboring PTWs to each other.
[0065] A configuration for a RedCap user equipment operating in an NTN when the eDRX cycle time is less than or equal to 10.24 seconds is now described. This configuration corresponds to the first scenario described in relation to FIG. 2. Here, the RedCap UE is operating in NTN and the eDRX cycle is less than or equal to 10.24 seconds. The UE determines if an Earth-moving LEO satellite is a serving cell or if the Earth-moving LEO satellite is configured as a target satellite for the UE’s RRM measurement. When the target satellite is an Earth-moving LEO satellite, the UE is configured to skip or drop the given measurement / detection / evaluation being performed when the eDRX is being used. The UE can be configured to skip or drop the measurement by default in this embodiment. Typically, the UE is configured with multiple measurement objects including the LEO and a geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) satellite (non-Earth moving satellite) . The UE can drop the LEO measurement and keep measurements from other cells, such as the GEO satellite. Therefore, typically, only part of the measurement (the LEO satellite) is dropped by the UE in this embodiment.
[0066] Additionally and / or alternatively, when the eDRX cycle time is less than or equal to 10.24 seconds, the network performs corresponding functions as follows. First, the serving cell (the LEO satellite) avoids configuring eDRX for the UE if this serving cell is on an Earth-moving LEO. This is because when the UE drops the measurement for the LEO satellite as a serving cell, there is an elevated risk that the UE will fail serving cell reselection for mobility in either mode. The network avoids causing the UE to fail serving cell reselection by avoiding configuring the eDRX for the UE.Alternatively, the serving cell can be a GEO satellite, which is acceptable for eDRX configuration, but the target satellite can be an Earth-moving LEO satellite. In this case, the serving cell avoids configuring eDRX for the UE if that serving cell also configures the target satellite measurement and the target satellite is on an earth-moving LEO.
[0067] In a second embodiment, the serving cell has already configured the eDRX for the UE, but the serving cell is subsequently determined to be an Earth moving LEO satellite. In this embodiment, the UE is configured to skip or drop the eDRX configuration and “fall back” to use the DRX for a given measurement / detection / evaluation upon determining that the Earth-moving LEO is configured as target satellite for the UE’s measurement. The UE therefore does not drop the entire measurement object, as described previously, but changes to using DRX for the measurement and drops only the eDRX configuration for the measurement.
[0068] In this second embodiment, the network (serving cell) avoids configuring a measurement of the target Earth-moving LEO satellite if that serving cell has configured the eDRX for the UE. Specifically, when the eDRX cycle time is less than or equal to 10.24 seconds, the network performs corresponding functions as follows. First, the serving cell (the LEO satellite) avoids configuring eDRX for the UE if this serving cell is on an Earth-moving LEO. This is because when the UE drops the measurement for the LEO satellite as a serving cell, there is an elevated risk that the UE will fail serving cell reselection for mobility in either mode. The network avoids causing the UE to fail serving cell reselection by avoiding configuring the eDRX for the UE. Alternatively, the serving cell can be a GEO satellite, which is acceptable for eDRX configuration, but the target satellite can be an Earth-moving LEO satellite. In this case, the serving cell avoids configuring eDRX for the UE if that serving cell also configures the target satellite measurement and the target satellite is on an earth-moving LEO.
[0069] A cell measurement, detection, and / or evaluation mechanism is now described for a RedCap UE operating in an NTN when the eDRX cycle time, which is less than or equal to 10.24 seconds, and the Earth-moving LEO satellite serving cell are configured together (at the same time) . In this embodiment, whether the eDRX cycle can be used as a measurement interval for earth-moving LEO measurement, detection, and / or evaluation is dependent on the following potential threshold values.
[0070] A first threshold is determined by comparing an eDRX cycle size to a footprint size of the Earth-moving LEO, the LEO satellite speed (or earth-moving cell / footprint moving speed) , and the elevation angle of earth-moving LEO. The UE has a threshold to determine to decide whether to drop the measurement or not. The purpose is to determine how long the UE has to perform the measurement before the cell footprint expires and whether the eDRX measurement can be performed within that threshold time.
[0071] An example determination of a comparison between the eDRX cycle time and the cell footprint validity time is now described. In this example, the eDRX cycle is X seconds. The footprint size (e.g., a diameter of the footprint coverage) is Y meters. The elevation angle is 90 degrees. The LEO satellite speed is Z meters per second. Assume a sample number for the measurement is M (e.g., M samples are being acquired) . The values of Y, Z, and the elevation angle together specify how long the UE will have within the cell footprint to perform M measurements. If the duration is longer than the duration of X of the eDRX cycle time multiplied by the number M measurements, then the UE will have time to use the eDRX interval to make the configured measurements.
[0072] Specifically, when the total measurement period (M*X) is greater than the cell footprint switch time (k*Y / Z, where k is the weight factor and k<=1) , the UE is configured to drop or ignore the measurement because it is likely that the cell footprint will change during the measurement and that the measurement will be invalid. Else, the UE performs the measurement, which satisfies the delay requirement. In this case, it is likely that the UE will perform the measurement before the cell footprint changes and that the measurement will be valid. The values of Y, Z, and the elevation angle are included in the ephemeris information that is updated when the validity timer expires, as previously described.
[0073] A second threshold value is determined by comparing the eDRX cycle size to a value of the validity timer of the ephemeris information. When the eDRX cycle time is longer that the validity timer value, then the measurement is likely to be invalid. The UE is then configured to drop or ignore (skip) the measurement. In an example the eDRX cycle is X seconds, the validity timer of ephemeris information is Y seconds, and a sample number for measurement is M samples. In this example, when the total measurement time (M*X ) is greater than the validity timer length (k*Y, where k is the weight factor and k<=1) , the UE drops or ignores the measurement. Else, the UE performs the measurement, which satisfies the delay requirement. In this case, it is likely that the UE will perform the measurement before the validity timer expires and that the measurement will be valid. The validity timer length is based on the ephemeris information inherent to the satellite.
[0074] A validity timer design is now described for when the RedCap UE is operating in NTN network and the eDRX cycle time is less than or equal to 10.24 seconds. The candidates for the validity timer are predefined, and the network is configured to select a validity timer from the candidates (defined in 3GPP 38.331) . Specifically, the network should determine if the signaling range can be extended.
[0075] In a first example, the network configures the validity timer no less than a number N times a measurement period time; N times a detection period time; or N times an evaluation time. N is a scaling factor greater than or equal to 1 (e.g., a whole number) .
[0076] In a second example, the network configures the validity timer as X, and the network configures the eDRX for the UE, where the eDRX cycle Y satisfies one of the following rules. The eDRX cycle Y*measurement sample number is less than or equal to the validity timer (k*X) ; or Y *detection period time is less than or equal to the validity timer (k*X) ; or Y *evaluation time is less than or equal to the validity timer (k*X) . Here, k is greater than or equal to 1, and k represents a scaling factor configured by network or a predefined value.
[0077] In a third example, the network configures the validity timer length as X and also configures the eDRX for the UE. The eDRX cycle Y satisfies a rule in which when Y*measurement, detection, or evaluation sample number is greater than the validity timer length X, the UE is required to read the SIB19 (to acquire the ephemeris information describing the satellite) before the validity timer expires, during the measurement. When this occurs, there are three further possibilities.
[0078] A first option is that the UE extends the measurement, detection, or evaluation time period when the UE has reacquired SIB19 during the channel measurement, detection, or evaluation. This is because the validity timer will expire during the measurement. For requiring the SIB19 data, the measurement duration can be extended because the measurement is delayed.
[0079] A second option is that the UE drops the previous measurement results and restarts the measurement after SIB19 reacquisition. This is because the previous satellite information may no longer be valid after the SIB19 is refreshed. The SIB19 may be out of date in the middle of a measurement if the SIB19 is required during a second (or subsequent) measurement. This depends on how fast the measurement can be achieved by the UE. For example, the UE may or may not speed up the measurement due to a different signal to noise ratio (SINR) condition. When the SINR satisfies a threshold, the UE may detect the target cell very quickly and before the timer expires. For example, even though the specification allows the UE to use three measurement samples to detect a target cell, the UE may detect the cell on the first measurement sample. In this case, the measurement is sped up (to one sample) to complete the measurement before the new SIB19 expires.
[0080] In a third option, the UE can use synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) outside the eDRX and complete the measurement / detection / evaluation before the validity timer expires. The UE may wake up more often compared to legacy eDRX operation. For example, in legacy eDRX operation, the UE does not wake up to perform a measurement. In eDRX NTN operation, the UE may have to wake up and use the SSBs to complete the measurement before the validation timer expires.
[0081] The second scenario described in relation to FIG. 2 is now described in further detail. In this scenario, a RedCap UE is operating in NTN network, and the eDRX cycle time is greater than 10.24 seconds. A PTW window is used in the eDRX, as described previously in relation to FIG. 3.
[0082] In an embodiment of the second scenario, an Earth-moving LEO is serving cell or is configured as target satellite for the UE’s measurement. The UE is configured to skip or drop the measurement, detection, or evaluation when the DRX in the PTW window is greater than 1.28 seconds. Alternatively or additionally, when the DRX in the PTW window is not greater than 1.28 seconds, the UE completes the target NTN satellite measurement, or evaluation within a single PTW window, and there is no cross-PTW window measurement or evaluation. This is because eDRX cycle time (the PTW window periodicity) is relatively large, such as 20.48 seconds. If the UE combines samples across different PTWs the measurement is meaningless because the channel changes significantly and / or the UE location changes significantly. The measurement procedure should be completed within a single PTW window.
[0083] Continuing with this embodiment of the second scenario, the network serving cell avoids configuring the DRX cycle time greater than or equal to 2.56 seconds within a PTW window for the UE if the serving cell is on an Earth-moving LEO. Additionally or alternatively, the serving cell avoids configuring the DRX cycle time to be greater than 2.56 seconds within PTW window for the UE if that serving cell also configures the target satellite measurement and that target satellite is on an Earth-moving LEO.
[0084] In another embodiment, the RedCap UE is operating in NTN network, and the eDRX cycle time is greater than 10.24sec and the PTW window is used. In this embodiment, the validity timer of ephemeris information expires outside the PTW window (e.g., when the UE is in deep sleep mode, as described previously) . In this case, the RedCap or eRedCap UE may need to wake up and reacquire the SIB19 for acquiring the ephemeris information. In an example, when UE wakes up for acquiring the ephemeris information acquisition, UE also performs a target satellite measurement based on the newly acquired ephemeris information. This is because the UE is already awake and can potentially perform a measurement directly without waiting for the next measurement occasion. Instead, the UE performs the measurement while already awake before returning to the normal eDRX cycle measurement configuration during PTW only. In another example, the UE wakes up for ephemeris information acquisition and the UE does not perform target satellite measurement based on the newly acquired ephemeris information. Rather the UE uses the ephemeris information for a measurement when the next PTW window (measuring occasion) occurs. In this example, the UE is configured to perform a measurement only during the PTW, similar to legacy eDRX.
[0085] In another embodiment, the RedCap UE is operating in NTN network, and the eDRX cycle time is greater than 10.24 seconds and the PTW window is used. In this embodiment, the validity timer of ephemeris information expires outside the PTW window. The RedCap or eRedCap UE can wake up and reacquire the SIB19 for acquiring ephemeris information in the next PTW window. The measurement, detection, or evaluation time delay is extended. In this example, the UE is configured to not do anything, including acquisition of the SIB19 information, outside of the PTW window. Instead, both SIB19 reacquisition and the measurement are performed in the next PTW, and the measurement time is extended.
[0086] For the second scenario, the validity timer design can be as follows. In a first example, the network configures the validity timer to be no less than k times the eDRX cycle periodicity, where k is the scaling factor and configured by network or predefined or k=1. In another example, he network configures the validity timer length to be no less than k * (eDRX cycle periodicity –the PTW window length, or period 310 of FIG. 3) , where k is the scaling factor, configured by network or predefined in the spec, or k=1. As long as the validity timer is longer than the UE sleep period, the UE can avoid having the timer expire outside the PTW window. Here, the UE updates the UE can update the ephemeris information at the end of the last PTW. If if the timer is longer than this time period 310, the UE can refresh the information during the next PTW.
[0087] FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of an example process 400, according to some implementations. The process 400 for wireless communication includes receiving (402) ephemeris information describing a serving cell of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) . The ephemeris information is associated with a validity timer. The process 400 includes comparing (404) an extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) cycle length to a threshold value. The process 400 includes, in response to determining, based on the comparing, that the eDRX cycle length exceeds the threshold value, configuring (406) a radio resource management (RRM) measurement to occur on a discontinuous reception (DRX) instance in a paging time window (PTW) of an eDRX cycle and based on the validity timer. The process 400 includes, in response to determining, based on the comparing, that the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value, configuring (408) the RRM measurement to occur independent of a PTW of the eDRX cycle and based on the validity timer.
[0088] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value. The process 400 can include determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite and causing the RRM measurement to be dropped.
[0089] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the process 400 includes determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite and causing a user equipment (UE) associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.
[0090] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the process 400 includes determining that a target satellite comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite and causing a UE associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.
[0091] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value. The process 400 can include determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite, causing a user equipment (UE) associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement and causing the UE to perform the RRM measurement using a DRX occasion.
[0092] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the process 400 includes determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite and causing a user equipment (UE) associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.
[0093] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the process 400 includes determining that a target satellite comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite and causing a UE associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.
[0094] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value. The process 400 can include determining that a target satellite comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; comparing an eDRX cycle measurement time to a measurement interval for the Earth-moving LEO satellite; when the eDRX cycle measurement time is less than the measurement interval, configuring the RRM measurement to occur using the eDRX cycle; and when the eDRX cycle measurement time is greater than the measurement interval, configuring the RRM measurement be dropped.
[0095] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the measurement interval for the Earth-moving LEO satellite is based on a cell footprint size. In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the cell footprint size is a function of a speed and an elevation angle of the Earth-moving LEO satellite, and wherein the eDRX cycle measurement time is a function of the eDRX cycle length and a number of measurement samples. In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the measurement interval for the Earth-moving LEO satellite is based on a validity timer associated with the ephemeris information, and wherein the eDRX cycle measurement time is a function of the eDRX cycle length and a number of measurement samples.
[0096] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer is a function of a measurement, detection, or evaluation time of the RRM measurement. In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement time is less than a scaled value of the validity timer, an eDRX detection time is less than a scaled value of the validity timer, or an eDRX evaluation time is less than a scaled value of the validity timer. In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement, detection, or evaluation time is greater than a scaled value of the validity timer, and wherein a time period for the RRM measurement is extended when new ephemeris information is acquired. In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement, detection, or evaluation time is greater than a scaled value of the validity timer, and wherein a previous RRM measurement is dropped and the RRM measurement is restarted after new ephemeris information is acquired.
[0097] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the process 400 includes speeding up the RRM measurement responsive to a signal to noise ratio (SINR) exceeding a threshold.
[0098] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement, detection, or evaluation time is greater than a scaled value of the validity timer, and wherein a synchronization signal block (SSB) outside the eDRX is used for the RRM measurement.
[0099] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the eDRX cycle length exceeds the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises: determining that the serving cell or target cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; determining that a DRX cycle time in the PTW exceeds a second threshold value; and causing the RRM measurement to be dropped. In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the second threshold value is 1.28 seconds.
[0100] In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the process 400 further includes avoiding configuration of the DRX cycle time of more than 2.56 seconds within the PTW. In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the eDRX cycle length exceeds the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises: determining that the validity timer expires outside a PTW; and causing a user equipment (UE) to wake up for acquiring new ephemeris information and perform the RRM measurement; or causing the UE to wake up for acquiring new ephemeris information only; or causing the UE to acquire new ephemeris information and perform the RRM measurement during a next available PTW. In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer value is a function of the eDRX cycle length. In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the validity timer value is a function of the eDRX cycle length and a PTW length. In some implementations including one or more of the above implementations, the threshold value is 10.24 seconds.
[0101] In some implementations, a system, e.g., a base station, an apparatus including one or more baseband processors, and so forth, can be configured to perform particular operations or actions by virtue of having software, firmware, hardware, or a combination of them installed on the system that in operation causes or cause the system to perform the actions of process 400.
[0102] FIG. 5 illustrates a UE 500, according to some implementations. The UE 500 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with UE 102 of FIG. 1.
[0103] The UE 500 may be any mobile or non-mobile computing device, such as, for example, mobile phones, computers, tablets, industrial wireless sensors (for example, microphones, pressure sensors, thermometers, motion sensors, accelerometers, inventory sensors, electric voltage / current meters, etc. ) , video devices (for example, cameras, video cameras, etc. ) , wearable devices (for example, a smart watch) , relaxed-IoT devices.
[0104] The UE 500 may include processors 502, RF interface circuitry 504, memory / storage 506, user interface 508, sensors 510, driver circuitry 512, power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 514, antenna structure 516, and battery 518. The components of the UE 500 may be implemented as integrated circuits (ICs) , portions thereof, discrete electronic devices, or other modules, logic, hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. The block diagram of FIG. 5 is intended to show a high-level view of some of the components of the UE 500. However, some of the components shown may be omitted, additional components may be present, and different arrangement of the components shown may occur in other implementations.
[0105] The components of the UE 500 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 520, which may represent any type of interface, input / output, bus (local, system, or expansion) , transmission line, trace, optical connection, etc. that allows various circuit components (on common or different chips or chipsets) to interact with one another.
[0106] The processors 502 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 522A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 522B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 522C. The processors 502 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage 506 to cause the UE 500 to perform operations as described herein.
[0107] In some implementations, the baseband processor circuitry 522A may access a communication protocol stack 524 in the memory / storage 506 to communicate over a 3GPP compatible network. In general, the baseband processor circuitry 522A may access the communication protocol stack to perform user plane functions at a physical (PHY) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, and PDU layer; and perform control plane functions at a PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, RRC layer, and a non-access stratum layer. In some implementations, the PHY layer operations may additionally / alternatively be performed by the components of the RF interface circuitry 504. The baseband processor circuitry 522A may generate or process baseband signals or waveforms that carry information in 3GPP-compatible networks. In some implementations, the waveforms for NR may be based cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) “CP-OFDM” in the uplink or downlink, and discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM “DFT-S-OFDM” in the uplink.
[0108] The memory / storage 506 may include one or more non-transitory, computer-readable media that includes instructions (for example, communication protocol stack 524) that may be executed by one or more of the processors 502 to cause the UE 500 to perform various operations described herein. The memory / storage 506 include any type of volatile or non-volatile memory that may be distributed throughout the UE 500. In some implementations, some of the memory / storage 506 may be located on the processors 502 themselves (for example, L1 and L2 cache) , while other memory / storage 506 is external to the processors 502 but accessible thereto via a memory interface. The memory / storage 506 may include any suitable volatile or non-volatile memory such as, but not limited to, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) , static random access memory (SRAM) , erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) , electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) , Flash memory, solid-state memory, or any other type of memory device technology.
[0109] The RF interface circuitry 504 may include transceiver circuitry and radio frequency front module (RFEM) that allows the UE 500 to communicate with other devices over a radio access network. The RF interface circuitry 504 may include various elements arranged in transmit or receive paths. These elements may include, for example, switches, mixers, amplifiers, filters, synthesizer circuitry, control circuitry, etc.
[0110] In the receive path, the RFEM may receive a radiated signal from an air interface via antenna structure 516 and proceed to filter and amplify (with a low-noise amplifier) the signal. The signal may be provided to a receiver of the transceiver that downconverts the RF signal into a baseband signal that is provided to the baseband processor of the processors 502.
[0111] In the transmit path, the transmitter of the transceiver up-converts the baseband signal received from the baseband processor and provides the RF signal to the RFEM. The RFEM may amplify the RF signal through a power amplifier prior to the signal being radiated across the air interface via the antenna 516. In various implementations, the RF interface circuitry 504 may be configured to transmit / receive signals in a manner compatible with NR access technologies.
[0112] The antenna 516 may include antenna elements to convert electrical signals into radio waves to travel through the air and to convert received radio waves into electrical signals. The antenna elements may be arranged into one or more antenna panels. The antenna 516 may have antenna panels that are omnidirectional, directional, or a combination thereof to enable beamforming and multiple input, multiple output communications. The antenna 516 may include microstrip antennas, printed antennas fabricated on the surface of one or more printed circuit boards, patch antennas, phased array antennas, etc. The antenna 516 may have one or more panels designed for specific frequency bands including bands in FR1 or FR2.
[0113] The user interface 508 includes various input / output (I / O) devices designed to enable user interaction with the UE 500. The user interface 508 includes input device circuitry and output device circuitry. Input device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for accepting an input including, inter alia, one or more physical or virtual buttons (for example, a reset button) , a physical keyboard, keypad, mouse, touchpad, touchscreen, microphones, scanner, headset, or the like. The output device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for showing information or otherwise conveying information, such as sensor readings, actuator position (s) , or other like information. Output device circuitry may include any number or combinations of audio or visual display, including, inter alia, one or more simple visual outputs / indicators (for example, binary status indicators such as light emitting diodes “LEDs” and multi-character visual outputs) , or more complex outputs such as display devices or touchscreens (for example, liquid crystal displays “LCDs, ” LED displays, quantum dot displays, projectors, etc. ) , with the output of characters, graphics, multimedia objects, and the like being generated or produced from the operation of the UE 500.
[0114] The sensors 510 may include devices, modules, or subsystems whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment and send the information (sensor data) about the detected events to some other device, module, subsystem, etc. Examples of such sensors include, inter alia, inertia measurement units including accelerometers, gyroscopes, or magnetometers; microelectromechanical systems or nanoelectromechanical systems including 3-axis accelerometers, 3-axis gyroscopes, or magnetometers; level sensors; temperature sensors (for example, thermistors) ; pressure sensors; image capture devices (for example, cameras or lensless apertures) ; light detection and ranging sensors; proximity sensors (for example, infrared radiation detector and the like) ; depth sensors; ambient light sensors; ultrasonic transceivers; microphones or other like audio capture devices; etc.
[0115] The driver circuitry 512 may include software and hardware elements that operate to control particular devices that are embedded in the UE 500, attached to the UE 500, or otherwise communicatively coupled with the UE 500. The driver circuitry 512 may include individual drivers allowing other components to interact with or control various input / output (I / O) devices that may be present within, or connected to, the UE 500. For example, driver circuitry 512 may include a display driver to control and allow access to a display device, a touchscreen driver to control and allow access to a touchscreen interface, sensor drivers to obtain sensor readings of sensor circuitry 510 and control and allow access to sensor circuitry 510, drivers to obtain actuator positions of electro-mechanic components or control and allow access to the electro-mechanic components, a camera driver to control and allow access to an embedded image capture device, audio drivers to control and allow access to one or more audio devices.
[0116] The PMIC 514 may manage power provided to various components of the UE 500. In particular, with respect to the processors 502, the PMIC 514 may control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-to-DC conversion.
[0117] In some implementations, the PMIC 514 may control, or otherwise be part of, various power saving mechanisms of the UE 500. A battery 518 may power the UE 500, although in some examples the UE 500 may be mounted deployed in a fixed location and may have a power supply coupled to an electrical grid. The battery 518 may be a lithium ion battery, a metal-air battery, such as a zinc-air battery, an aluminum-air battery, a lithium-air battery, and the like. In some implementations, such as in vehicle-based applications, the battery 518 may be a typical lead-acid automotive battery.
[0118] FIG. 6 illustrates an access node 600 (e.g., a base station or gNB) , according to some implementations. The access node 600 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with base station 104. The access node 600 may include processors 602, RF interface circuitry 604, core network (CN) interface circuitry 606, memory / storage circuitry 608, and antenna structure 610.
[0119] The components of the access node 600 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 612. The processors 602, RF interface circuitry 604, memory / storage circuitry 608 (including communication protocol stack 614) , antenna structure 610, and interconnects 612 may be similar to like-named elements shown and described with respect to FIG. 5. For example, the processors 602 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 616A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 616B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 616C.
[0120] The CN interface circuitry 606 may provide connectivity to a core network, for example, a 5th Generation Core network (5GC) using a 5GC-compatible network interface protocol such as carrier Ethernet protocols, or some other suitable protocol. Network connectivity may be provided to / from the access node 600 via a fiber optic or wireless backhaul. The CN interface circuitry 606 may include one or more dedicated processors or FPGAs to communicate using one or more of the aforementioned protocols. In some implementations, the CN interface circuitry 606 may include multiple controllers to provide connectivity to other networks using the same or different protocols.
[0121] As used herein, the terms “access node, ” “access point, ” or the like may describe equipment that provides the radio baseband functions for data and / or voice connectivity between a network and one or more users. These access nodes can be referred to as BS, gNBs, RAN nodes, eNBs, NodeBs, RSUs, TRxPs or TRPs, and so forth, and can include ground stations (e.g., terrestrial access points) or satellite stations providing coverage within a geographic area (e.g., a cell) . As used herein, the term “NG RAN node” or the like may refer to an access node 600 that operates in an NR or 5G system (for example, a gNB) , and the term “E-UTRAN node” or the like may refer to an access node 600 that operates in an LTE or 4G system (e.g., an eNB) . According to various implementations, the access node 600 may be implemented as one or more of a dedicated physical device such as a macrocell base station, and / or a low power (LP) base station for providing femtocells, picocells or other like cells having smaller coverage areas, smaller user capacity, or higher bandwidth compared to macrocells.
[0122] In some implementations, all or parts of the access node 600 may be implemented as one or more software entities running on server computers as part of a virtual network, which may be referred to as a CRAN and / or a virtual baseband unit pool (vBBUP) . In V2X scenarios, the access node 600 may be or function as a “Roadside Unit. ” The term “Roadside Unit” or “RSU” may refer to any transportation infrastructure entity used for V2X communications. An RSU may be implemented in or by a suitable RAN node or a stationary (or relatively stationary) UE, where an RSU implemented in or by a UE may be referred to as a “UE-type RSU, ” an RSU implemented in or by an eNB may be referred to as an “eNB-type RSU, ” an RSU implemented in or by a gNB may be referred to as a “gNB-type RSU, ” and the like.
[0123] Various components may be described as performing a task or tasks, for convenience in the description. Such descriptions should be interpreted as including the phrase “configured to. ” Reciting a component that is configured to perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112 (f) interpretation for that component.
[0124] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components set forth in one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes, or methods as set forth in the example section below. For example, the baseband circuitry as described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the examples set forth below. For another example, circuitry associated with a UE, base station, network element, etc. as described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the examples set forth below in the example section.
[0125] Any of the above-described examples may be combined with any other example (or combination of examples) , unless explicitly stated otherwise. The foregoing description of one or more implementations provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of embodiments to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of various embodiments.
[0126] Although the embodiments above have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.
[0127] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
Claims
1.A method for wireless communication, the method comprising:receiving ephemeris information describing a serving cell of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) , the ephemeris information associated with a validity timer;comparing an extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) cycle length to a threshold value;in response to determining, based on the comparing, that the eDRX cycle length exceeds the threshold value, configuring a radio resource management (RRM) measurement to occur on a discontinuous reception (DRX) instance in a paging time window (PTW) of an eDRX cycle and based on the validity timer; andin response to determining, based on the comparing, that the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value, configuring the RRM measurement to occur independent of a PTW of the eDRX cycle and based on the validity timer.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises:determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; andcausing the RRM measurement to be dropped.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; andcausing a user equipment (UE) associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.4.The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:determining that a target satellite comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; andcausing a UE associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.5.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 4, wherein the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises:determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; andcausing a user equipment (UE) associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement; andcausing the UE to perform the RRM measurement using a DRX occasion.6.The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:determining that the serving cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; andcausing a user equipment (UE) associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.7.The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:determining that a target satellite comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite; andcausing a UE associated with the eDRX cycle to avoid using the eDRX cycle for the RRM measurement.8.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 7, wherein the eDRX cycle length does not exceed the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises:determining that a target satellite comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite;comparing an eDRX cycle measurement time to a measurement interval for the Earth-moving LEO satellite;when the eDRX cycle measurement time is less than the measurement interval, configuring the RRM measurement to occur using the eDRX cycle; andwhen the eDRX cycle measurement time is greater than the measurement interval, configuring the RRM measurement be dropped.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the measurement interval for the Earth-moving LEO satellite is based on a cell footprint size.10.The method of claim 9, wherein the cell footprint size is a function of a speed and an elevation angle of the Earth-moving LEO satellite, and wherein the eDRX cycle measurement time is a function of the eDRX cycle length and a number of measurement samples.11.The method of claim 8, wherein the measurement interval for the Earth-moving LEO satellite is based on a validity timer associated with the ephemeris information, and wherein the eDRX cycle measurement time is a function of the eDRX cycle length and a number of measurement samples.12.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 11, wherein the validity timer is a function of a measurement, detection, or evaluation time of the RRM measurement.13.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 12, wherein the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement time is less than a scaled value of the validity timer, an eDRX detection time is less than a scaled value of the validity timer, or an eDRX evaluation time is less than a scaled value of the validity timer.14.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 13, wherein the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement, detection, or evaluation time is greater than a scaled value of the validity timer, and wherein a time period for the RRM measurement is extended when new ephemeris information is acquired.15.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 14, wherein the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement, detection, or evaluation time is greater than a scaled value of the validity timer, and wherein a previous RRM measurement is dropped and the RRM measurement is restarted after new ephemeris information is acquired.16.The method of claim 15, further comprising speeding up the RRM measurement responsive to a signal to noise ratio (SINR) exceeding a threshold.17.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 16, wherein the validity timer is set to a first value, and wherein an eDRX measurement, detection, or evaluation time is greater than a scaled value of the validity timer, and wherein a synchronization signal block (SSB) outside the eDRX is used for the RRM measurement.18.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 17, wherein the eDRX cycle length exceeds the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises:determining that the serving cell or target cell comprises an Earth-moving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite;determining that a DRX cycle time in the PTW exceeds a second threshold value; andcausing the RRM measurement to be dropped.19.The method of claim 18, wherein the second threshold value is 1.28 seconds.20.The method of claim 18, wherein the method further comprises:avoiding configuration of the DRX cycle time of more than 2.56 seconds within the PTW.21.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 20, wherein the eDRX cycle length exceeds the threshold value, and wherein the method further comprises:determining that the validity timer expires outside a PTW; andcausing a user equipment (UE) to wake up for acquiring new ephemeris information and perform the RRM measurement; orcausing the UE to wake up for acquiring new ephemeris information only; orcausing the UE to acquire new ephemeris information and perform the RRM measurement during a next available PTW.22.The method of claim 21, wherein the validity timer value is a function of the eDRX cycle length.23.The method of claim 21, wherein the validity timer value is a function of the eDRX cycle length and a PTW length.24.The method of any of claim 1 through claim 23, wherein the threshold value is 10.24 seconds.25.A non-transitory computer storage medium encoded with instructions that, when executed by one or more computers, cause the one or more computers to perform the method of any preceding claim.26.A system comprising one or more processors and one or more storage devices on which are stored instructions that are operable, when executed by the one or more processors, to cause the one or more processors to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 24.27.An apparatus comprising one or more baseband processors configured to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 24.28.One or more processors comprising circuitry that executes instructions to cause a user equipment (UE) to perform the method of any of claims 1-24.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Cell detection and measurement with eDRX in idle and inactive modes for capability limited UEs
CN118140513A
Measurement configuration determination method and apparatus, communication device and storage medium
EP4366366A1
RRM relaxation enhancement in EDRX mode
WO2023151032A1