Protection structure, battery pack, and electric device

Abstract

A protection structure, a battery pack, and an electric device. The protection structure comprises a protection plate body and a heat-absorbing material, a plurality of accommodating cavities are provided in the protection plate body, the plurality of accommodating cavities are arranged in the plane where the protection plate body is located, and the plurality of accommodating cavities are spaced apart from each other. The heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the plurality of accommodating cavities.

Description

Protective structure, battery pack and electrical equipment

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411077093.8, filed on August 7, 2024, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electrical equipment, and in particular to a protective structure, a battery pack and an electrical equipment. BACKGROUND

[0003] As a core component of electrical equipment, the battery pack may have a thermal runaway phenomenon during charging and discharging, thereby causing a fire and other safety accidents. In order to avoid the occurrence of fire and other safety accidents, in the related art, a protective structure is usually arranged in the battery pack to insulate heat radiation through the heat insulation layer of the protective structure when the battery pack has a thermal runaway, thereby inhibiting the spread of heat and reducing the probability of safety accidents. SUMMARY

[0004] In a first aspect, a protective structure is provided, comprising a protective plate body and a heat-absorbing material, the protective plate body is provided with a plurality of accommodation cavities, the plurality of accommodation cavities are arranged in the plane where the protective plate body is located, and the plurality of accommodation cavities are arranged at intervals. The heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the plurality of accommodation cavities.

[0005] The protective structure provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can limit the heat-absorbing material in the accommodation cavities through the inner wall surface of the accommodation cavities by arranging a plurality of accommodation cavities on the protective plate body and arranging the heat-absorbing material in the plurality of accommodation cavities, thereby avoiding the heat-absorbing material from deviating from the original position or falling off, and further ensuring the heat-absorbing effect of the heat-absorbing layer to ensure the heat-absorbing effect of the protective structure.

[0006] In some embodiments, the plurality of accommodation cavities comprises a first group of accommodation cavities, the first group of accommodation cavities comprises a first central accommodation cavity and at least one layer of first edge accommodation cavities arranged around the first central accommodation cavity, and the first central accommodation cavity is located at the geometric center of the protective plate body. In this way, when the battery module has a thermal runaway, the heat-absorbing material in the first central accommodation cavity can quickly absorb the heat generated by the battery module, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the first edge accommodation cavities when spreading to the surrounding, thereby quickly dissipating heat at the central position of the battery pack and reducing the possibility of danger.

[0007] In some embodiments, the at least one layer of first edge accommodation cavities comprises a plurality of layers of first edge accommodation cavities, and the plurality of layers of first edge accommodation cavities are sequentially nested in the length direction of the protective plate body in the plane where the protective plate body is located. In this way, the heat can be gradually absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in different layers of first edge accommodation cavities during the process of spreading to the surrounding, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0008] In some embodiments, the protection plate body is in a strip shape. The plurality of accommodation cavities further comprises a second group of accommodation cavities, which are located on one side of the first group of accommodation cavities along the length direction of the protection plate body. The second group of accommodation cavities comprises a second central accommodation cavity and at least one layer of second edge accommodation cavities arranged around the second central accommodation cavity. In this way, when the battery module is in thermal runaway, the heat at the positions corresponding to the second group of accommodation cavities of the battery module can be quickly absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the second central accommodation cavity, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the second edge accommodation cavities when diffusing to the periphery, so that the positions corresponding to the second group of accommodation cavities in the battery module can be quickly cooled, thereby reducing the possibility of danger.

[0009] In some embodiments, the plurality of accommodation cavities further comprises a third group of accommodation cavities, which are located on the side of the first group of accommodation cavities opposite to the second group of accommodation cavities. The third group of accommodation cavities comprises a third central accommodation cavity and at least one layer of third edge accommodation cavities arranged around the third central accommodation cavity. In this way, when the battery module is in thermal runaway, the heat at the positions corresponding to the third group of accommodation cavities of the battery module can be quickly absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the third central accommodation cavity, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the third edge accommodation cavities when diffusing to the periphery, so that the positions corresponding to the third group of accommodation cavities in the battery module can be quickly cooled, thereby reducing the possibility of danger.

[0010] In some embodiments, the ratio of the length of the protection plate body to the width of the protection plate body is greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 60.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of accommodation cavities further comprises a fourth group of accommodation cavities and a fifth group of accommodation cavities, which are located on one side of the first group of accommodation cavities and the other side of the first group of accommodation cavities along the width direction of the protection plate body. The fourth group of accommodation cavities comprises at least one first accommodation cavity, and the at least one first accommodation cavity is arranged at intervals along the width direction of the protection plate body. The fifth group of accommodation cavities comprises at least one second accommodation cavity, and the at least one second accommodation cavity is arranged at intervals along the width direction of the protection plate body. In this way, the heat diffusing along the width direction of the protection plate body from the first group of accommodation cavities can be gradually absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the first accommodation cavities and the heat-absorbing material in the second accommodation cavities, so as to improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0012] In some embodiments, each of the at least one second edge accommodation cavity comprises a first arc-shaped accommodation cavity and a second arc-shaped accommodation cavity arranged along the circumference of the second central accommodation cavity, and the first arc-shaped accommodation cavity and the second arc-shaped accommodation cavity are symmetrically arranged. Each of the at least one third edge accommodation cavity comprises a third arc-shaped accommodation cavity and a fourth arc-shaped accommodation cavity arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodation cavity, and the third arc-shaped accommodation cavity and the fourth arc-shaped accommodation cavity are symmetrically arranged. In this way, the heat-absorbing materials in the second group of accommodation cavities and the heat-absorbing materials in the third group of accommodation cavities are relatively uniform as a whole, and the heat of the battery module at the positions corresponding to the second group of accommodation cavities and the heat of the battery module at the positions corresponding to the third group of accommodation cavities can be uniformly absorbed by the heat-absorbing materials in the first arc-shaped accommodation cavities and the second arc-shaped accommodation cavities and the heat-absorbing materials in the third arc-shaped accommodation cavities and the fourth arc-shaped accommodation cavities during the diffusion to the periphery, thereby improving the heat-absorbing effect.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first arc-shaped accommodation cavities and the second arc-shaped accommodation cavities are arranged along the length direction of the protection plate body, or the first arc-shaped accommodation cavities and the second arc-shaped accommodation cavities are arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body. The third arc-shaped accommodation cavities and the fourth arc-shaped accommodation cavities are arranged along the length direction of the protection plate body, or the third arc-shaped accommodation cavities and the fourth arc-shaped accommodation cavities are arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body. In this way, the heat-absorbing efficiency of the heat-absorbing materials in the second group of accommodation cavities and the heat-absorbing efficiency of the heat-absorbing materials in the third group of accommodation cavities can be improved.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least part of the plurality of accommodation cavities are communicated to form an exhaust flow channel, and the exhaust flow channel penetrates to the edge of the protection plate body. The heat-absorbing material comprises a decomposition material, the decomposition material is accommodated in the exhaust flow channel, and the decomposition material can decompose non-combustible gas when heated. In this way, the non-combustible gas generated by the decomposition of the decomposition material when heated can quickly take away heat during the flow, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the battery pack and reducing the probability of danger.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first arc-shaped cavities in the at least one second edge accommodation cavity are first communication holes, the second arc-shaped cavities in the at least one second edge accommodation cavity are second communication holes, the third arc-shaped cavities in the at least one third edge accommodation cavity are third communication holes, and the fourth arc-shaped cavities in the at least one third edge accommodation cavity are fourth communication holes. The first communication holes are in communication with the third communication holes through the first cavities in the at least one first cavity. The second communication holes are in communication with the fourth communication holes through the second cavities in the at least one second cavity. The protective plate body is further provided with a first exhaust hole and a second exhaust hole, the first exhaust hole is in communication with the first communication holes and penetrates to the edge of the protective plate body, and the second exhaust hole is in communication with the second communication holes and penetrates to the edge of the protective plate body. In this way, the third communication holes, the first cavities in communication with the first communication holes and the third communication holes, and the first communication holes and the first exhaust hole form an exhaust flow channel. The fourth communication holes, the second cavities in communication with the second communication holes and the fourth communication holes, and the second communication holes and the second exhaust hole form another exhaust flow channel. When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the non-combustible gas generated by the decomposition of the materials in the above two exhaust flow channels can take away part of the heat of the first group of cavities, the second group of cavities, the third group of cavities, the fourth group of cavities and the fifth group of cavities during the flow process, so as to take away more heat and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the protective structure.

[0016] In some embodiments, the at least one first cavity 1541 includes a plurality of first cavities 1541, the third communication hole includes a first hole segment and a second hole segment arranged along the circumference of the third central cavity, the first hole segment is in communication with the first communication hole through one of the plurality of first cavities, and the second hole segment is in communication with the first communication hole through another of the plurality of first cavities. The at least one second cavity includes a plurality of second cavities, the fourth communication hole includes a third hole segment and a fourth hole segment arranged along the circumference of the third central cavity, the third hole segment is in communication with the second communication hole through one of the plurality of second cavities, and the fourth hole segment is in communication with the second communication hole through another of the plurality of second cavities. In this way, a plurality of exhaust flow channels can be formed on both sides of the first group of cavities along the width direction of the protective plate body, and the non-combustible gas generated by the decomposition of the materials under heat can take away part of the heat of the first group of cavities during the flow process in the plurality of exhaust flow channels, so as to quickly reduce the heat at the center position of the battery module and reduce the probability of danger.

[0017] In some embodiments, the protective plate includes a first heating region, a second heating region, and a third heating region. The temperature of the heat source corresponding to the first heating region is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heating region, and the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heating region is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the third heating region. The second heating region is arranged circumferentially along the first heating region, and the third heating region is arranged circumferentially along the second heating region. The protective structure satisfies at least one of the following: the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the first heating region is greater than the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heating region, and the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heating region is greater than the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the third heating region. In this way, heat-absorbing materials with different heat-absorbing properties are placed in the accommodating cavities of the first heating region, the second heating region, and the third heating region to balance the cooling requirements of the first heating region, the second heating region, and the third heating region. Alternatively, the content of heat-absorbing material in the first heating region is greater than that in the second heating region, and the content of heat-absorbing material in the second heating region is greater than that in the third heating region. This satisfies the heat absorption needs of different locations within the battery module and avoids redundant heat-absorbing material in the second and third heating regions, thus preventing material waste.

[0018] In some embodiments, the length of the protective plate is b, and the width of the protective plate is a. When 0 The region formed by a circle with radius is the first heated region. The region formed by an ellipse with the geometric center of the protective plate as its center, 0.36a as its minor axis, and (3×b / a-1) / 6×a as its major axis is the first elliptical region. The region remaining after removing the portion of the first heated region within the first elliptical region is the second heated region. The region remaining after removing the first and second heated regions within the protective plate is the third heated region. When 4≤b / a≤60, the region formed by an ellipse with the geometric center of the protective plate as its center, 0.5a as its minor axis, and 0.18b as its major axis is the first heated region. The region formed by an ellipse with the geometric center of the protective plate as its center, 0.75a as its minor axis, and 0.26b as its major axis is the second elliptical region. The region remaining after removing the portion of the first heated region within the second elliptical region is the second heated region. The region remaining after removing the first and second heated regions within the protective plate is the third heated region. The above method can make the positions of the first, second, and third heating areas more accurate, thereby improving the heat absorption effect of the protective structure.

[0019] In some embodiments, the heat-absorbing material includes at least one of phase change materials and chemical heat storage materials. ​

[0020] In some embodiments, the thickness of the heat-absorbing material is greater than or equal to 0.02 mm and less than or equal to 1.6 mm along the thickness direction of the protective plate body. By setting the thickness of the heat-absorbing material within the above range, the heat-absorbing effect of the heat-absorbing material can be ensured, and waste of the heat-absorbing material can be avoided.

[0021] In some embodiments, the protective plate body includes a support plate and a first barrier layer. The support plate includes first and second surfaces opposite to each other, and the first surface is provided with a plurality of accommodating holes recessed toward the second surface. The heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the plurality of accommodating holes. The first barrier layer is arranged on the first surface and covers the plurality of accommodating holes. In this way, the plurality of accommodating holes covered by the first barrier layer form a plurality of accommodating cavities, so that the accommodating cavities are conveniently arranged.

[0022] In some embodiments, the accommodating holes penetrate through to the second surface. The protective structure further includes a second barrier layer arranged on the second surface and covering the plurality of accommodating holes. By arranging the second barrier layer, the barrier effect of the protective structure on heat radiation can be improved, so that the spread of heat radiation is inhibited.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first barrier layer includes a first heat insulation layer connected to the support plate and a first barrier radiation layer connected to the first heat insulation layer on a side opposite to the support plate. By including the first heat insulation layer and the first barrier radiation layer, heat can be sequentially blocked by the first barrier radiation layer and the first heat insulation layer during heat transfer, so that the heat is attenuated, and the spread of heat can be inhibited to a greater extent to reduce the occurrence of dangerous accidents.

[0024] In some embodiments, the material of the first barrier radiation layer includes at least one of inverse spinel metal oxide, aluminum, copper, silver, and an oxide of aluminum. By using the above material to make the first barrier radiation layer, the heat radiation can be better reflected, so that the heat can be better blocked to slow down the spread of heat.

[0025] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first heat insulation layer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 11 mm along the thickness direction of the support plate. By setting the thickness of the first heat insulation layer within the above range, the heat insulation effect of the first heat insulation layer can be ensured, and material waste can be avoided.

[0026] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first barrier radiation layer is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm along the thickness direction of the support plate. By setting the thickness of the first barrier radiation layer within the above range, the heat insulation effect of the first barrier radiation layer can be ensured, and material waste can be avoided.

[0027] In some embodiments, the support plate comprises a plate body and a plurality of clamping members, the plate body comprising a first surface and a second surface. The plurality of clamping members are connected to the plate body. The clamping members comprise a first clamping portion and a second clamping portion, the plurality of first clamping portions are arranged around and clamped to the first barrier layer, and the plurality of second clamping portions are arranged around and clamped to the second barrier layer. By clamping the first barrier layer to the support plate through the first clamping portion, the first barrier layer can be quickly connected to the support plate, thereby facilitating the connection of the first barrier layer to the support plate. By clamping the second barrier layer to the support plate through the second clamping portion, the second barrier layer can be quickly connected to the support plate, thereby facilitating the connection of the second barrier layer to the support plate.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first clamping portion comprises a first positioning plate and a first limiting plate. In a first direction, the first positioning plate is located on one side of the first barrier layer, and a projection of the first barrier layer partially overlaps a projection of the first positioning plate, the first direction being perpendicular to a thickness direction of the plate body. The first limiting plate is connected to the first positioning plate and located on a side of the first barrier layer facing away from the plate body. In this way, the first positioning plate can position the first barrier layer from the side of the first barrier layer in the first direction, and the first limiting plate can position the first barrier layer from the side of the first barrier layer facing away from the plate body, thereby avoiding the first barrier layer from being offset or falling relative to the plate body, to improve the connection effect of the first barrier layer to the support plate.

[0029] In some embodiments, in a thickness direction of the plate body, a side of the first clamping portion facing away from the plate body is formed with a positioning protrusion, a side of the second clamping portion facing away from the plate body is formed with a positioning groove, and the positioning protrusion of one protection structure can be clamped to the positioning groove of another protection structure. In this way, the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove can be used to position the adjacent two protection structures, to avoid the misalignment of the adjacent two protection structures and affect the protection effect of the protection structure on the battery module.

[0030] In a second aspect, a battery pack is provided, comprising a battery assembly and the protection structure described above, the protection structure being connected to the battery assembly.

[0031] In some embodiments, the battery assembly comprises a plurality of battery modules arranged at intervals, and at least one protection structure is arranged between any adjacent two battery modules.

[0032] In a third aspect, a power consumption device is provided, comprising a device body and the battery pack described above, the battery pack being connected to the device body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0034] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments;

[0035] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery pack according to some embodiments;

[0036] FIG. 3 is another structural schematic diagram of a battery pack according to some embodiments;

[0037] FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a protection structure according to some embodiments;

[0038] FIG. 5 is a top view of the protection structure shown in FIG. 4;

[0039] FIG. 6 is a front view of the protection structure shown in FIG. 4;

[0040] FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a partial structure at circle A in FIG. 6;

[0041] FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a support plate in the protection structure shown in FIG. 4;

[0042] FIG. 9 is a side view of the protection structure shown in FIG. 4;

[0043] FIG. 10 is a front view of the support plate shown in FIG. 8;

[0044] FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a partial structure at circle B in FIG. 9;

[0045] FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the support plate shown in FIG. 8 in a side view;

[0046] FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a partial structure at circle C in FIG. 12;

[0047] FIG. 14 is a top view of one structure of the support plate of the protection structure shown in FIG. 4;

[0048] FIG. 15 is a top view of another structure of the support plate of the protection structure shown in FIG. 4;

[0049] FIG. 16 is a top view of still another structure of the support plate of the protection structure shown in FIG. 4;

[0050] FIG. 17 is a top view of the support plate shown in FIG. 8;

[0051] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a distribution relationship of a first heat receiving area, a second heat receiving area and a third heat receiving area in a support plate according to some embodiments;

[0052] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of another distribution relationship of the first heated area, the second heated area and the third heated area in the support plate according to some embodiments; and

[0053] FIG. 20 is a temperature-time relationship diagram of the protection structure in the related art and the protection structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure under the same condition.

[0054] Reference signs: 1000, electrical equipment; 100, equipment body; 200, driving motor; 300, battery pack; 400, wheel; 10, battery assembly; 10A, battery module; 20, protection structure; 1A, protection plate body; 1, support plate; 11, first surface; 12, second surface; 13, plate body; 14, clamping piece; 141, first clamping part; 1411, first positioning plate; 1412, first limiting plate; 1413, positioning protrusion; 142, second clamping part; 1421, second positioning plate; 1422, second limiting plate; 1423, positioning groove; 15, accommodating cavity; 15A, accommodating hole; 151, first group of accommodating cavities; 1511, first central accommodating cavity; 1512, first edge accommodating cavity; 152, second group of accommodating cavities; 1521, second central accommodating cavity; 1522, second edge accommodating cavity; 1522A, first arc-shaped accommodating cavity; 1522B, second arc-shaped accommodating cavity; 1522C, first communication hole; 1522D, second communication hole; 153, third group of accommodating cavities; 1531, third central accommodating cavity; 1532, third edge accommodating cavity; 1532A, third arc-shaped accommodating cavity; 1532B, fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity; 1532C, third communication hole; 1532D, fourth communication hole; 1532E, first hole section; 1532F, second hole section; 1532M, third hole section; 1532N, fourth hole section; 154, fourth group of accommodating cavities; 1541, first accommodating cavity; 155, fifth group of accommodating cavities; 1551, second accommodating cavity; 156, exhaust flow channel; 16, first exhaust hole; 17, second exhaust hole; 2, first barrier layer; 21, first heat insulation layer; 22, first barrier radiation layer; 3, second barrier layer; 31, second heat insulation layer; 32, second barrier radiation layer; S1, first heated area; S2, second heated area; S3, third heated area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0056] In the description of the disclosure, it needs to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or relative position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, the above orientation description can be flexibly arranged in the actual application process under the condition of meeting the relative position relationship shown in the drawings.

[0057] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying a specific number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0058] In the description of the disclosure, it needs to be explained that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "communicating" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected. It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] In the embodiments of the disclosure, the terms "comprising", "containing" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive containing, so that the process, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, article or device. Without more limitation, the element defined by the sentence "including a…" does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, article or device including the element.

[0060] In the embodiments of the disclosure, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design presented as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the disclosure should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of the words "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner. The embodiments of the disclosure described as "exemplary" or "for example" are not necessarily to be understood as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0061] In the description of the specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0062] In the related art, the heat radiation is isolated by the heat insulation layer of the protection structure, and the protection effect of the battery pack is poor.

[0063] To this end, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a power utilization device 1000. The power utilization device 1000 can be a ship, an airplane, a vehicle, etc. Some embodiments of the present disclosure are exemplarily described by taking the power utilization device 1000 as a vehicle.

[0064] Referring to FIG. 1, the power utilization device 1000 can include a device body 100, a driving motor 200, and a battery pack 300. The driving motor 200 and the battery pack 300 are connected to the device body 100. The battery pack 300 is electrically connected to the driving motor 200, and the battery pack 300 is configured to supply power to the driving motor 200 to drive the driving motor 200 to work.

[0065] For example, if the power utilization device 1000 is a vehicle, the device body 100 is a vehicle body. In this case, the vehicle further includes wheels 400 connected to the vehicle body, and the driving motor 200 is connected to the wheels 400. After the battery pack 300 supplies power to the driving motor 200, the driving motor 200 can drive the wheels 400 to rotate, thereby enabling the vehicle to travel.

[0066] The vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, a range-extended electric vehicle, etc. The vehicle can also be a car, a truck, a bus, a truck, a trailer, etc.

[0067] The battery pack 300 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The battery pack 300 can be a lithium ion battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a fuel cell, a lead-acid battery, etc., and the present disclosure does not limit the type of the battery pack 300.

[0068] Referring to FIG. 2, the battery pack 300 includes a battery assembly 10 and a protection structure 20. The battery assembly 10 is configured to supply power to the driving motor 200. The protection structure 20 is disposed in the battery assembly 10, and the protection structure 20 is configured to protect the battery assembly 10 to avoid a safety hazard such as a fire caused by thermal runaway of the battery assembly 10.

[0069] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 2, the battery assembly 10 can include a plurality of battery modules 10A. The plurality of battery modules 10A are arranged at intervals. The battery assembly 10 including the plurality of battery modules 10A can facilitate the processing of the battery pack and reduce the maintenance cost of the battery pack.

[0070] In this case, at least one protection structure 20 can be arranged between any two adjacent battery modules 10A. For example, one protection structure 20 can be arranged between any two adjacent battery modules 10A. For another example, a plurality of protection structures 20, for example two, three, four, etc., can be arranged between any two adjacent battery modules 10A. For yet another example, one protection structure 20 can be arranged between some adjacent battery modules 10A, and a plurality of protection structures 20 can be arranged between other adjacent battery modules 10A.

[0071] By arranging at least one protection structure 20 between any two adjacent battery modules 10A, when thermal runaway occurs in one of the plurality of battery modules 10A, the protection structure 20 can inhibit the heat of the battery module 10A from spreading to the adjacent battery module 10A, thereby avoiding the adjacent battery module 10A of the battery module 10A in which thermal runaway occurs from overheating and causing thermal runaway, so as to reduce the impact when the battery is in thermal runaway.

[0072] In other embodiments, referring to FIG. 3, at least one protection structure 20 can also be arranged on the side of the outermost battery module 10A that faces away from the adjacent battery module 10A. In this way, when thermal runaway occurs in the outermost battery module 10A, the protection structure 20 can inhibit the heat of the outermost battery module 10A from spreading to the equipment near the battery pack 300, thereby avoiding damage to the equipment near the battery pack 300 due to heat.

[0073] In some embodiments, the battery assembly 10 can also include one battery module 10A. In this case, at least one protection structure 20 can be arranged on each side of the battery module 10A to avoid the heat of the battery module 10A from rapidly spreading to other equipment when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway, thereby causing damage to the other equipment.

[0074] In related technologies, the protection structure 20 generally includes two layers of heat insulation cotton and a heat absorption material arranged between the two layers of heat insulation cotton, and the heat absorption material is fixed by the two layers of heat insulation cotton clamping the heat absorption material. However, the heat absorption material is usually in powder form, and in the process of clamping the heat absorption material by the two layers of heat insulation cotton, the heat absorption material is prone to falling off or deviating from the original position, thereby causing deviation in the distribution of the heat absorption material, and further affecting the protection effect of the protection structure 20.

[0075] In addition, the battery module 10A is generally in a plate structure or a cuboid structure, and the heat insulation cotton of the protection structure 20 is generally attached to one side surface of the battery module 10A. In this way, when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway, the heat at the central position of the battery module 10A needs to be diffused to the surrounding edges and then conducted out, which causes the heat at the central position of the battery module 10A to be slowly dissipated and the heat to be more concentrated. The central position of the battery module 10A corresponds to the central position of the protection structure 20. At this time, if the heat absorption material is uniformly distributed between the two layers of heat insulation cotton, the heat absorption material at the central position of the protection structure 20 can be quickly consumed, and the heat absorption material at the central position of the protection structure 20 can be consumed while the heat at the central position of the battery module 10A is still concentrated, which still has the risk of causing a fire or other safety accidents. In addition, because the heat at the edge position of the battery module 10A is quickly dissipated, the heat absorption material at the edge position of the protection structure 20 is slowly consumed, which causes the heat absorption material at the edge position of the protection structure 20 to be excessive and easily causes waste of the material.

[0076] If the heat absorption material is not uniformly distributed between the two layers of heat insulation cotton, for example, the heat absorption material is more concentrated at the central position of the protection structure 20, and the heat absorption material is less concentrated at the edge position of the protection structure 20. When the two layers of heat insulation cotton clamp the heat absorption material, the heat absorption material can still fall off or deviate from the original position, and a gap can also be formed between the heat insulation cotton and the heat absorption material, which affects the protection effect of the protection structure 20.

[0077] In order to solve the above problems, please refer to FIGS. 4 and 5, the protection structure 20 includes a protection plate body 1A and a heat absorption material. The protection plate body 1A includes a support plate 1, a first barrier layer 2, and a second barrier layer 3. The support plate 1 is configured to place the heat absorption material, and the support plate 1 forms a heat absorption layer after the heat absorption material is placed in the support plate 1. The first barrier layer 2 and the second barrier layer 3 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the support plate 1. For example, please refer to FIGS. 6 and 7, the support plate 1 includes a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 opposite to each other, the first barrier layer 2 is arranged on the first surface 11, and the second barrier layer 3 is arranged on the second surface 12.

[0078] After the protection structure 20 is installed between the two battery modules 10A of the battery pack 300, the first barrier layer 2 is in contact with one of the two battery modules 10A, and the second barrier layer 3 is in contact with the other of the two battery modules 10A. When thermal runaway occurs in the one of the battery modules 10A, heat is first transferred into the first barrier layer 2 of the protection structure 20 through heat conduction, and the first barrier layer 2 can effectively inhibit and slow down the heat conduction due to its high thermal resistance. After the heat passes through the first barrier layer 2, it reaches the heat absorption layer in the support plate 1, and the heat absorption material in the heat absorption layer can absorb the penetrating heat, thereby slowing down the heat transfer. In addition, part of the heat absorption material can be a decomposition material, which can generate non-combustible gas after decomposition. The support plate 1 can also be provided with an exhaust passage (structure described later) to exhaust the gas generated by the decomposition of the decomposition material. The gas generated by the decomposition of the decomposition material continuously flushes the heat exchange plane to strengthen the heat exchange, promotes the decomposition of the heat absorption material to continuously remove heat, and further avoids the rapid transfer of a large amount of heat to the adjacent battery module 10A to cause the adjacent battery module 10A to also appear thermal runaway, thereby avoiding the occurrence of fire and other safety accidents.

[0079] In some embodiments, the support plate 1 is made of a heat-insulating material, so that the support plate 1 can also insulate heat radiation, thereby delaying the spread of heat. For example, the support plate 1 can be foamed ceramic, asbestos, etc.

[0080] In order to improve the heat conduction isolation ability of the first barrier layer 2 and improve the inhibition effect of the first barrier layer 2 on the spread of heat, in some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 7, the first barrier layer 2 includes a first heat insulation layer 21 and a first barrier radiation layer 22. The first heat insulation layer 21 is connected to the support plate 1, for example, the first heat insulation layer 21 is connected to the first surface 11. The first barrier radiation layer 22 is connected to the side of the first heat insulation layer 21 away from the support plate 1. The second barrier layer 3 includes a second heat insulation layer 31 and a second barrier radiation layer 32. The second heat insulation layer 31 is connected to the support plate 1, for example, the second heat insulation layer 31 is connected to the second surface 12. The second barrier radiation layer 32 is connected to the side of the second heat insulation layer 31 away from the support plate 1.

[0081] In this way, when the battery module 10A in contact with the first barrier layer 2 in the battery pack 300 is in thermal runaway, the first barrier radiation layer 22 can block thermal radiation, and the first thermal insulation layer 21 has a large thermal resistance, which can effectively hinder and reduce the heat entering the support plate 1. The heat entering the support plate 1 can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing material and the decomposition material, thereby triggering the convection heat exchange with stronger heat exchange capacity to directly take away the heat. At this time, the heat reaching the second thermal insulation layer 31 is rapidly reduced, and therefore the heat passing through the second thermal insulation layer 31 with large thermal resistance is significantly reduced, so that the temperature of the second barrier radiation layer 32 outside the second barrier layer 3 is always low, thereby avoiding the thermal runaway of the battery module 10A in contact with the second barrier layer 3.

[0082] When the battery module 10A in contact with the second barrier layer 3 in the battery pack 300 is in thermal runaway, the direction of heat transfer is opposite to that when the battery module 10A in contact with the first barrier layer 2 in the battery pack 300 is in thermal runaway, which will not be repeated here.

[0083] When the battery module 10A in contact with the first barrier layer 2 in the battery pack 300 and the battery module 10A in contact with the second barrier layer 3 in the battery pack 300 are in thermal runaway at the same time, the heat of the battery module 10A in contact with the first barrier layer 2 is attenuated by the first barrier radiation layer 22 and the first thermal insulation layer 21 in turn and then enters the heat-absorbing layer of the support plate 1, and is absorbed by the heat-absorbing material and the decomposition material. At the same time, the heat of the battery module 10A in contact with the second barrier layer 3 is attenuated by the second barrier radiation layer 32 and the second thermal insulation layer 31 in turn and then enters the heat-absorbing layer, and is absorbed by the heat-absorbing material and the decomposition material.

[0084] And in the process of continuous attenuation of heat, the heat can continuously diffuse to the edge of the battery pack 300 to dissipate heat. Therefore, by making the first barrier layer 2 include the first thermal insulation layer 21 and the first barrier radiation layer 22, and the second barrier layer 3 include the second thermal insulation layer 31 and the second barrier radiation layer 32, the spread of heat can be inhibited to a greater extent to reduce the occurrence of dangerous accidents.

[0085] In some embodiments, the first barrier layer 2 can only include the first thermal insulation layer 21. The second barrier layer 3 can also only include the second thermal insulation layer 31.

[0086] To ensure the heat insulation effect of the first heat insulation layer 21 and avoid material waste, referring to FIG. 7, along the thickness direction of the support plate 1, the thickness (thickness H1 in FIG. 7) of the first heat insulation layer 21 can be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 11 mm. For example, the thickness of the first heat insulation layer 21 can be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, etc. It should be noted that the thickness of the first heat insulation layer 21 at different positions can be equal or not equal.

[0087] Along the thickness direction of the support plate 1, the thickness (thickness H2 in FIG. 7) of the second heat insulation layer 31 can also be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 11 mm. For example, the thickness of the second heat insulation layer 31 can be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, etc. It should be noted that the thickness of the second heat insulation layer 31 at different positions can be equal or not equal.

[0088] To ensure the heat insulation effect of the first heat insulation layer 21 and avoid material waste, referring to FIG. 7, along the thickness direction of the support plate 1, the thickness (thickness H1 in FIG. 7) of the first heat insulation layer 21 can be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 11 mm. For example, the thickness of the first heat insulation layer 21 can be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, etc. It should be noted that the thickness of the first heat insulation layer 21 at different positions can be equal or not equal.

[0089] Along the thickness direction of the support plate 1, the thickness (thickness H4 shown in FIG. 7) of the second radiation blocking layer 32 can also be greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm. For example, the thickness of the second radiation blocking layer 32 can be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, etc. It should be noted that the thickness of the second radiation blocking layer 32 at different positions can be equal or not equal.

[0090] The material of the first heat insulation layer 21 can include aerogel. Because aerogel has a nano-porous structure and a low thermal conductivity, aerogel has good heat insulation performance. By setting the material of the first heat insulation layer 21 as aerogel, the heat insulation effect of the first heat insulation layer 21 can be ensured.

[0091] The material of the second thermal insulation layer 31 can also include aerogel. By the material of the second thermal insulation layer 31 being aerogel, the thermal insulation effect of the second thermal insulation layer 31 can be ensured.

[0092] For example, the aerogel can be at least one of inorganic aerogel, organic aerogel, carbon aerogel, natural aerogel, carbide aerogel, etc.

[0093] Since there are many pores inside the aerogel, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel is very low, which is conducive to inhibiting heat conduction. However, a large number of pores cause the internal radiation heat transfer of the aerogel to be very significant, so the light shielding agent can be arranged in the gap of the first thermal insulation layer 21 to isolate the heat radiation through the light shielding agent, thereby enhancing the thermal insulation effect of the first thermal insulation layer 21. The light shielding agent can also be arranged in the gap of the second thermal insulation layer 31 to isolate the heat radiation through the light shielding agent, thereby enhancing the thermal insulation effect of the second thermal insulation layer 31.

[0094] For example, the light shielding agent can be at least one of carbon black, SiC, potassium hexatitanate whisker, TiO2, ZrO2, Al2O3, coal ash, etc.

[0095] The material of the first radiation blocking layer 22 can include at least one of inverse spinel metal oxide, aluminum, copper, silver, oxide of aluminum. For example, the first radiation blocking layer 22 can be at least one of TiO2, glass beads, aluminum powder, Al2O3, and a reflective coating made of resin, and can also be a metal layer of copper, silver, aluminum, etc. The first radiation blocking layer 22 is made of the above-mentioned material, which can reflect heat radiation well, thereby blocking heat well to slow down the spread of heat.

[0096] The material of the second radiation blocking layer 3 can also include at least one of inverse spinel metal oxide, aluminum, copper, silver, oxide of aluminum.

[0097] In order to facilitate the connection of the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1, and the connection of the second barrier layer 3 and the support plate 1, in some embodiments, referring to FIG. 8, the support plate 1 includes a plate body 13 and a plurality of clamping pieces 14. The first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are two opposite surfaces on the plate body 13. The plurality of clamping pieces 14 are connected to the plate body 13. For example, the clamping piece 14 can be connected to the plate body 13 by screwing, clamping, welding, etc. The clamping piece 14 can also be an integral structure with the plate body 13.

[0098] Please refer to Fig. 9, the clamping member 14 comprises a first clamping portion 141 and a second clamping portion 142. The first clamping portions 141 of the plurality of clamping members 14 are arranged around the first barrier layer 2 and are clamped with the first barrier layer 2, and the second clamping portions 142 of the plurality of clamping members 14 are arranged around the second barrier layer 3 and are clamped with the second barrier layer 3. For example, please continue to refer to Fig. 8, the plate body 13 can be a rectangular structure, and the plate body 13 is provided with a plurality of clamping members 14 at one side edge of the length direction of the rectangular structure, and the plate body 13 is provided with a plurality of clamping members 14 at both side edges in the width direction. At this time, after the first barrier layer 2 is arranged behind the first surface 11, the first clamping portions 141 of the plurality of clamping members 14 can be arranged around the first barrier layer 2 and clamped with the first barrier layer 2. And after the second barrier layer 3 is arranged behind the second surface 12, the second clamping portions 142 of the plurality of clamping members 14 can be arranged around the second barrier layer 3 and clamped with the second barrier layer 3.

[0099] In some embodiments, please refer to Fig. 10, the length of the first clamping portion 141 and the length of the second clamping portion 142 can be equal. The length of the first clamping portion 141 of the clamping member 14 located at both side edges in the width direction of the plate body 13 refers to the size of the first clamping portion 141 along the length direction of the plate body 13. The length of the second clamping portion 142 of the clamping member 14 located at both side edges in the width direction of the plate body 13 refers to the size of the second clamping portion 142 along the length direction of the plate body 13. The length of the first clamping portion 141 of the clamping member 14 located at one side edge in the length direction of the plate body 13 refers to the size of the first clamping portion 141 along the width direction of the plate body 13. The length of the second clamping portion 142 of the clamping member 14 located at one side edge in the length direction of the plate body 13 refers to the size of the second clamping portion 142 along the width direction of the plate body 13.

[0100] In some embodiments, the length of the first clamping portion 141 and the length of the second clamping portion 142 can be unequal. For example, the lengths of the first clamping portions 141 of different clamping members 14 can be unequal. The lengths of the second clamping portions 142 of different clamping members 14 can also be unequal. In this way, both the connection stability of the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1 and the connection stability of the second barrier layer 3 and the support plate 1 can be ensured, and the material of the support plate 1 can be saved to save costs.

[0101] By clamping the first clamping portion 141 with the first barrier layer 2, the first barrier layer 2 can be quickly connected to the support plate 1, thereby facilitating the connection of the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1. By clamping the second clamping portion 142 with the second barrier layer 3, the second barrier layer 3 can be quickly connected to the support plate 1, thereby facilitating the connection of the second barrier layer 3 and the support plate 1. Moreover, the plate body 13 is provided with a plurality of clamping members 14, which can make the connection of the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1 more stable and the connection of the second barrier layer 3 and the support plate 1 more stable.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first barrier layer 2 can also be connected to the first surface 11 by adhesion. The second barrier layer 3 can also be connected to the second surface 12 by adhesion.

[0103] In order to facilitate the connection of the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1, in some embodiments, referring to FIG. 11, the first clamping part 141 includes a first positioning plate 1411 and a first limiting plate 1412. Along the first direction (such as the direction X shown in FIG. 11), the first positioning plate 1411 is located on one side of the first barrier layer 2, and the projection of the first barrier layer 2 partially overlaps the projection of the first positioning plate 1411, and the first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plate body 13. That is, the first direction can be the length direction of the plate body 13, or the width direction of the plate body 13. The first limiting plate 1412 is connected to the first positioning plate 1411 and located on the side of the first barrier layer 2 away from the plate body 13.

[0104] In this way, the first positioning plate 1411 can position the first barrier layer 2 from the side of the first barrier layer 2 in the first direction, and the first limiting plate 1412 can position the first barrier layer 2 from the side of the first barrier layer 2 away from the plate body 13, so as to avoid the first barrier layer 2 from being offset or falling relative to the plate body 13, thereby improving the connection effect of the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1.

[0105] And, still referring to FIG. 11, the second clamping part 142 can include a second positioning plate 1421 and a second limiting plate 1422. Along the first direction, the second positioning plate 1421 is located on one side of the second barrier layer 3, and the projection of the second barrier layer 3 partially overlaps the projection of the second positioning plate 1421. The second limiting plate 1422 is connected to the second positioning plate 1421 and located on the side of the second barrier layer 3 away from the plate body 13.

[0106] In this way, the second positioning plate 1421 can position the second barrier layer 3 from the side of the second barrier layer 3 in the first direction, and the second limiting plate 1422 can position the second barrier layer 3 from the side of the second barrier layer 3 away from the plate body 13, so as to avoid the second barrier layer 3 from being offset or falling relative to the plate body 13, thereby improving the connection effect of the second barrier layer 3 and the support plate 1.

[0107] In some embodiments, the first clamping part 141 can be a first clamping protrusion, so that the support plate 1 and the first barrier layer 2 can be connected by clamping the first clamping protrusion in the first clamping hole of the first barrier layer 2. The second clamping part 142 can be a second clamping protrusion, so that the support plate 1 and the second barrier layer 3 can be connected by clamping the second clamping protrusion in the second clamping hole of the second barrier layer 3.

[0108] In addition, in the case where a plurality of protection structures 20 are arranged between two adjacent battery modules 10A of the battery pack 300, in order to avoid the plurality of protection structures 20 from being offset from each other and affecting the protection effect. In some embodiments, referring to FIGS. 12 and 13, a side of the first clamping portion 141 opposite to the plate body 13 is formed with a positioning protrusion 1413, for example, the positioning protrusion 1413 can be formed on the first limiting plate 1412. A side of the second clamping portion 142 opposite to the plate body 13 is formed with a positioning groove 1423, for example, the positioning groove 1423 can be formed on the second limiting plate 1422. At this time, after the two adjacent protection structures 20 are stacked together, the positioning protrusion 1413 of one protection structure 20 can be clamped in the positioning groove 1423 of the other protection structure 20. In this way, the two adjacent protection structures 20 can be positioned by the cooperation of the positioning protrusion 1413 and the positioning groove 1423, so as to avoid the two adjacent protection structures 20 from being misaligned and affecting the protection effect of the protection structure 20 on the battery module 10A.

[0109] In order to avoid the heat-absorbing material from falling off or deviating from the original position, referring to FIG. 14, the protection plate body 1A is provided with a plurality of accommodation cavities 15, the plurality of accommodation cavities 15 are arranged in the plane where the protection plate body 1A is located, and the plurality of accommodation cavities 15 are arranged at intervals. In some embodiments, the first surface 11 of the support plate 1 is provided with a plurality of accommodation holes 15A recessed toward the second surface 12, the plurality of accommodation holes 15A penetrate through the second surface 12, that is, the plurality of accommodation holes 15A are through holes. The first barrier layer 2 is arranged on the first surface 11 and covers the plurality of accommodation holes 15A, and the second barrier layer 3 is arranged on the second surface 12 and covers the plurality of accommodation holes 15A. After the plurality of accommodation holes 15A are covered by the first barrier layer 2 and the second barrier layer 3, the plurality of accommodation cavities 15 are formed, in other words, the accommodation cavities 15 are arranged on the support plate 1.

[0110] The protection structure 20 further comprises heat-absorbing material, and the heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the plurality of accommodation cavities 15.

[0111] In some embodiments, the plurality of accommodation cavities 15 can also be blind holes that do not penetrate through the second surface 12. In this case, the protection structure 20 can also not be provided with the second barrier layer 3.

[0112] By setting the plurality of accommodation holes 15A on the support plate 1, setting the heat absorption material in the plurality of accommodation holes 15A, and covering the plurality of accommodation holes 15A from both ends of the accommodation holes 15A by the first barrier layer 2 and the second barrier layer 3 respectively, the plurality of accommodation holes 15A form a plurality of accommodation cavities 15, so that the heat absorption material can be limited in the accommodation cavities 15 by the inner wall surface of the accommodation cavities 15, i.e. the heat absorption material is limited in the accommodation cavities 15 by the inner wall surface of the accommodation cavities 15 and the first barrier layer 2 and the second barrier layer 3, so as to avoid the heat absorption material from deviating from the original position or falling off, and further to ensure the heat absorption effect of the heat absorption layer, so as to ensure the heat absorption effect of the protection structure 20.

[0113] In addition, by making the protection plate body 1A include the support plate 1, the first barrier layer 2 and the second barrier layer 3, it is convenient to set the accommodation cavities 15 in the protection plate body 1A. In order to make the heat absorption material better absorb the heat at the center position of the battery pack 300, please continue to refer to FIG. 14, in some embodiments, the plurality of accommodation cavities 15 include a first group of accommodation cavities 151. The first group of accommodation cavities 151 includes a first central accommodation cavity 1511 and at least one layer of first edge accommodation cavities 1512 arranged around the first central accommodation cavity 1511. The first central accommodation cavity 1511 is located at the geometric center of the protection plate body 1A, i.e. the first central accommodation cavity 1511 is located at the geometric center of the support plate 1.

[0114] After the protection structure 20 is installed on the battery pack 300, the geometric center of the support plate 1 corresponds to the center position of the battery module 10A. In this way, when the battery module 10A occurs thermal runaway, the heat absorption material located in the first central accommodation cavity 1511 can quickly absorb the heat generated by the battery module 10A, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat absorption material in the first edge accommodation cavities 1512 when diffusing to the surrounding, so as to quickly dissipate the heat at the center position of the battery pack 300, and further to reduce the possibility of danger.

[0115] In some embodiments, the at least one first edge accommodating cavity 1512 can include one first edge accommodating cavity 1512, or can include multiple first edge accommodating cavities 1512. Referring to FIG. 14, when the at least one first edge accommodating cavity 1512 includes multiple first edge accommodating cavities 1512, the multiple first edge accommodating cavities 1512 can be sequentially nested along the length direction of the protection plate body 1A in the plane where the protection plate body 1A is located, that is, one of the first edge accommodating cavities 1512 is located inside another first edge accommodating cavity 1512. In this way, the heat-absorbing material can be distributed in more accommodating cavities 15, so that the heat-absorbing material is distributed more uniformly, and the heat-absorbing efficiency of the heat-absorbing material is improved. Moreover, the multiple first edge accommodating cavities 1512 are sequentially nested along the plane where the protection plate body 1A is located, so that the heat can be gradually absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in different layers of the first edge accommodating cavities 1512 during the process of being dissipated to the surroundings, so as to improve the cooling effect.

[0116] Each layer of the first edge accommodating cavities 1512 can include one first edge accommodating cavity 1512, and in this case, the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 extends along the circumference of the first central accommodating cavity 1511. Each layer of the first edge accommodating cavities 1512 can also include multiple first edge accommodating cavities 1512, and in this case, the multiple first edge accommodating cavities 1512 in each layer of the first edge accommodating cavities 1512 can be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first central accommodating cavity 1511. Each of the multiple first edge accommodating cavities 1512 can also extend along the circumference of the first central accommodating cavity 1511.

[0117] In some embodiments, the first central accommodating cavity 1511 can be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, etc., so that the heat-absorbing material in the first central accommodating cavity 1511 can be more uniformly absorbed, so as to improve the heat-absorbing effect of the heat-absorbing material. In addition, the first central accommodating cavity 1511 can also be an arc-shaped hole, a fan-shaped hole, and an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0118] The first edge accommodating cavity 1512 can be an arc-shaped hole, a ring-shaped hole, a semi-ring-shaped hole, etc., so that the heat-absorbing material can be relatively uniformly distributed in the first edge accommodating cavity 1512, and the heat-absorbing effect of the heat-absorbing material is improved. In addition, the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 can also be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, an arc-shaped hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, a fan-shaped hole, and an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0119] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 14, the first central accommodating cavity 1511 is an elliptical hole. The first edge accommodating cavity 1512 is an arc-shaped hole. At least one layer of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 includes two layers of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512. The center axis of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 can coincide with the center axis of the elliptical hole. Each layer of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 includes two first edge accommodating cavities 1512, and the two first edge accommodating cavities 1512 are symmetrically arranged.

[0120] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 15, the first central accommodating cavity 1511 is a square hole. The first edge accommodating cavity 1512 is a semi-annular hole, which includes three square holes connected in sequence, and the connection between the adjacent two square holes is arc-shaped. At least one layer of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 includes two layers of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512. Each layer of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 includes two first edge accommodating cavities 1512, and the two first edge accommodating cavities 1512 are symmetrically arranged.

[0121] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 16, the support plate 1 is in a strip shape, i.e., the protection plate body 1A is in a strip shape. The plurality of accommodating cavities 15 further includes a second group of accommodating cavities 152, a third group of accommodating cavities 153, a fourth group of accommodating cavities 154, and a fifth group of accommodating cavities 155. Along the length direction of the protection plate body 1A, the second group of accommodating cavities 152 is located on one side of the first group of accommodating cavities 151. The third group of accommodating cavities 153 is located on the side of the first group of accommodating cavities 151 opposite to the second group of accommodating cavities 152. Along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154 is located on one side of the first group of accommodating cavities 151, and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 is located on the other side of the first group of accommodating cavities 151.

[0122] In this way, more accommodating cavities 15 can be arranged on the protection plate body 1A, so as to define more heat-absorbing materials by the more accommodating cavities 15, thereby making the heat-absorbing materials more evenly distributed on the support plate 1, so as to avoid the heat-absorbing materials from being excessively accumulated at a certain position and insufficiently accumulated at another position, thereby improving the overall heat-absorbing effect of the heat-absorbing materials.

[0123] In addition, the second group of accommodating cavities 152, the third group of accommodating cavities 153, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154, and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 surround the first group of accommodating cavities 151, so that the first group of accommodating cavities 151 corresponds to the central position of the battery module 10A, so that the heat-absorbing materials in the first group of accommodating cavities 151 absorb the heat at the central position of the battery module 10A, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing materials in the second group of accommodating cavities 152, the third group of accommodating cavities 153, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154, and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 during the process of spreading to the surrounding, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0124] In some embodiments, the first group of accommodating cavities 151 and the second group of accommodating cavities 152 can be arranged on the protective plate body 1A, and the third group of accommodating cavities 153, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154, and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 can not be arranged on the protective plate body 1A. In some other embodiments, the first group of accommodating cavities 151 and the second group of accommodating cavities 152 can be arranged on the protective plate body 1A, and the third group of accommodating cavities 153, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154, and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 can not be arranged on the protective plate body 1A. In some other embodiments, the first group of accommodating cavities 151, the second group of accommodating cavities 152, and the third group of accommodating cavities 153 can be arranged on the protective plate body 1A, and the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154 and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 can not be arranged on the protective plate body 1A. The number of groups of accommodating cavities 15 can be set according to the length of the protective plate body 1A and the heat distribution of the battery module 10A when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway.

[0125] In some embodiments, the ratio of the length of the protective plate body 1A to the width of the protective plate body 1A is greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 60. For example, the ratio of the length of the protective plate body 1A to the width of the protective plate body 1A can be 4, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, etc. At this time, the length of the protective plate body 1A is relatively long, and the first group of accommodating cavities 151, the second group of accommodating cavities 152, and the third group of accommodating cavities 153 can be arranged on the protective plate body 1A.

[0126] In some embodiments, the second group of accommodating cavities 152 includes a second central accommodating cavity 1521 and at least one layer of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 arranged around the second central accommodating cavity 1521. In this way, when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway, the heat at the position of the battery module 10A corresponding to the second group of accommodating cavities 152 can be quickly absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the second central accommodating cavity 1521, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the second edge accommodating cavities 1522 when spreading to the surrounding, so that the position of the battery module 10A corresponding to the second group of accommodating cavities 152 can be cooled down relatively quickly, thereby reducing the possibility of danger.

[0127] In some embodiments, the at least one layer of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 can include one layer of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 or multiple layers of second edge accommodating cavities 1522. Please continue to refer to FIG. 16. When the at least one layer of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 includes multiple layers of second edge accommodating cavities 1522, the multiple layers of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 can be arranged in sequence along the plane where the protective plate body 1A is located, that is, one of any two adjacent layers of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 is located inside the other layer of second edge accommodating cavities 1522. The heat at the position of the battery module 10A corresponding to the second group of accommodating cavities 152 can be gradually absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in different layers of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 during the process of spreading to the surrounding, so as to improve the cooling effect.

[0128] Each layer of the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 can include one second edge accommodating cavity 1522, and the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 extends along the circumference of the second central accommodating cavity 1521. Each layer of the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 can also include a plurality of second edge accommodating cavities 1522, and the plurality of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 in each layer of the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 can be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the second central accommodating cavity 1521. Each of the plurality of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 can also extend along the circumference of the second central accommodating cavity 1521.

[0129] In some embodiments, the second central accommodating cavity 1521 can be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, etc., so that the heat-absorbing material can be more evenly distributed in the central position of the area where the second group of accommodating cavities 152 is located, and the heat-absorbing effect of the heat-absorbing material can be improved. In addition, the second central accommodating cavity 1521 can also be an arc-shaped hole, a fan-shaped hole, and an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0130] The second edge accommodating cavity 1522 can be an arc-shaped hole, a ring-shaped hole, a semi-ring-shaped hole, etc., so that the heat-absorbing material can be more evenly distributed in the second group of accommodating cavities 152 as a whole, and the heat-absorbing effect of the heat-absorbing material can be improved. In addition, the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 can also be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, an arc-shaped hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, a fan-shaped hole, and an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0131] Please continue to refer to FIG. 16. At least one layer of the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 includes a plurality of layers of the second edge accommodating cavity 1522, for example, at least one layer of the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 includes three layers of the second edge accommodating cavity 1522. Each layer of the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 includes a first arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522A and a second arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522B arranged along the circumference of the second central accommodating cavity 1521. The first arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522B are symmetrically arranged.

[0132] In this way, since the first arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522B are arc-shaped, and the first arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522B are symmetrically arranged, after the heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the first arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522B, the heat-absorbing material in the second group of accommodating cavities 152 is more evenly distributed as a whole. During the process of the heat of the battery module 10A corresponding to the second group of accommodating cavities 152 spreading to the surrounding, the heat can be uniformly absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the first arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1522B, so that the heat-absorbing effect can be improved.

[0133] The first arc-shaped accommodation cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped accommodation cavity 1522B can be arranged along the length direction of the protection plate body 1A. In this way, one of the first arc-shaped accommodation cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped accommodation cavity 1522B can be close to the first group of central accommodation cavities 15, so that the heat-absorbing material in the second group of accommodation cavities 152 can be closer to the first group of central accommodation cavities 15, and the heat diffused from the first group of central accommodation cavities 15 can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the second group of accommodation cavities 152 more quickly, so as to improve the heat-absorbing efficiency.

[0134] The first arc-shaped accommodation cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped accommodation cavity 1522B can also be arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A. In this way, the heat of the battery module 10A at the corresponding position of the second group of accommodation cavities 152 can be absorbed and diffused more quickly in the width direction of the protection plate body 1A, so as to improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0135] In some embodiments, the third group of accommodation cavities 153 includes a third central accommodation cavity 1531 and at least one layer of third edge accommodation cavities 1532 arranged around the third central accommodation cavity 1531. In this way, when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway, the heat of the battery module 10A at the corresponding position of the third group of accommodation cavities 153 can be quickly absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the third central accommodation cavity 1531, and the heat diffused to the surrounding can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the third edge accommodation cavities 1532, so as to quickly dissipate the heat of the battery module 10A at the corresponding position of the third group of accommodation cavities 153, thereby reducing the possibility of danger.

[0136] In some embodiments, the at least one layer of third edge accommodation cavities 1532 can include one layer of third edge accommodation cavities 1532, or multiple layers of third edge accommodation cavities 1532. Please continue to refer to FIG. 16. When the at least one layer of third edge accommodation cavities 1532 includes multiple layers of third edge accommodation cavities 1532, the multiple layers of third edge accommodation cavities 1532 can be arranged in sequence along the plane where the protection plate body 1A is located, that is, one of any two adjacent layers of third edge accommodation cavities 1532 is located inside the other layer of third edge accommodation cavities 1532. The heat of the battery module 10A at the corresponding position of the third group of accommodation cavities 153 can be gradually absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in different layers of third edge accommodation cavities 1532 during the process of diffusing to the surrounding, so as to improve the cooling effect.

[0137] Each layer of the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 can include one third edge accommodating cavity 1532, and the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 extends along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity 1531. Each layer of the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 can also include a plurality of third edge accommodating cavities 1532, and the plurality of third edge accommodating cavities 1532 in each layer of the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 can be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity 1531. Each of the plurality of third edge accommodating cavities 1532 can also extend along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity 1531.

[0138] In some embodiments, the third central accommodating cavity 1531 can be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, etc., so that the heat-absorbing material can be more evenly distributed in the central position of the area where the third group of accommodating cavities 153 is located, thereby improving the heat-absorbing effect of the heat-absorbing material. In addition, the third central accommodating cavity 1531 can also be an arc-shaped hole, a fan-shaped hole, and an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0139] The third edge accommodating cavity 1532 can be an arc-shaped hole, a ring-shaped hole, a semi-ring-shaped hole, etc., so that the heat-absorbing material can be more evenly distributed in the third group of accommodating cavities 153 as a whole, thereby improving the heat-absorbing effect of the heat-absorbing material. In addition, the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 can also be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, an arc-shaped hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, a fan-shaped hole, and an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0140] Please continue to refer to FIG. 16. At least one layer of the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 includes a plurality of layers of the third edge accommodating cavity 1532, for example, at least one layer of the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 includes three layers of the third edge accommodating cavity 1532. Each layer of the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 includes a third arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1532A and a fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1532B arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity 1531. The third arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1532B are symmetrically arranged.

[0141] In this way, since the third arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1532B are arc-shaped and symmetrically arranged, after the heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the third arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1532B, the heat-absorbing material in the third group of accommodating cavities 153 is more evenly distributed as a whole, and the heat at the position of the battery module 10A corresponding to the third group of accommodating cavities 153 can be more evenly absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the third arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity 1532B during the process of spreading to the surrounding, thereby improving the heat-absorbing effect.

[0142] The third arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1532B can be arranged along the length direction of the protection plate body 1A. In this way, one of the third arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1532B can be closer to the first group of central accommodation cavities 15, so that the heat-absorbing materials in the third group of accommodation cavities 153 can be closer to the first group of central accommodation cavities 15, and the heat spreading from the first group of central accommodation cavities 15 can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing materials in the third group of accommodation cavities 153 more quickly, so as to improve the heat-absorbing efficiency.

[0143] The third arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1532B can also be arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A. In this way, the heat at the corresponding position of the battery module 10A and the third group of accommodation cavities 153 can be absorbed and spread more quickly in the width direction of the protection plate body 1A, so as to improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0144] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 16, the fourth group of accommodation cavities 154 includes at least one first accommodation cavity 1541, and the at least one first accommodation cavity 1541 is arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A. That is, the at least one first accommodation cavity 1541 can include one first accommodation cavity 1541, and the first accommodation cavity 1541 is located on one side of the first group of accommodation cavities 151 in the width direction of the protection plate body 1A. The at least one first accommodation cavity 1541 can also include a plurality of first accommodation cavities 1541, and the plurality of first accommodation cavities 1541 are located on one side of the first group of accommodation cavities 151 in the width direction of the protection plate body 1A and are arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A.

[0145] For example, the first accommodation cavity 1541 can be in a strip shape, and the length direction of the first accommodation cavity 1541 is consistent with the length direction of the protection plate body 1A. The first accommodation cavity 1541 can be an elliptical hole, a rectangular hole, a trapezoidal hole, an arc-shaped hole, or an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0146] The fifth group of accommodation cavities 155 includes at least one second accommodation cavity 1551, and the at least one second accommodation cavity 1551 is arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A. That is, the at least one second accommodation cavity 1551 can include one second accommodation cavity 1551, and the second accommodation cavity 1551 is located on the side of the first group of accommodation cavities 151 opposite to the first accommodation cavity 1541. The at least one second accommodation cavity 1551 can also include a plurality of second accommodation cavities 1551, and the plurality of second accommodation cavities 1551 are located on the side of the first group of accommodation cavities 151 opposite to the first accommodation cavity 1541 and are arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A.

[0147] For example, the second accommodation cavity 1551 can be in a strip shape, and the length direction of the second accommodation cavity 1551 is consistent with the length direction of the protection plate body 1A. The second accommodation cavity 1551 can be an elliptical hole, a rectangular hole, a trapezoidal hole, an arc-shaped hole, or an irregularly shaped hole.

[0148] By making the fourth group of accommodation cavities 154 include at least one first accommodation cavity 1541 and the fifth group of accommodation cavities 155 include at least one second accommodation cavity 1551, the heat diffused from the first group of accommodation cavities 151 along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A can be gradually absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the first accommodation cavity 1541 and the heat-absorbing material in the second accommodation cavity 1551, so as to improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0149] In addition, through the above arrangement of the plurality of accommodation cavities 15, the heat-absorbing materials in different accommodation cavities 15 can not interfere with each other, so that different heat-absorbing materials can be arranged in different accommodation cavities 15 according to the heat distribution of the battery module 10A at different positions, so as to absorb the heat at different positions of the battery module 10A according to the heat-absorbing performance of different heat-absorbing materials, thereby improving the heat-absorbing efficiency of the battery module 10A.

[0150] In some embodiments, the heat-absorbing material can be at least one of a phase change material and a chemical heat storage material. That is, a single heat-absorbing material can be accommodated in one accommodation cavity 15, or a plurality of mixed heat-absorbing materials can be accommodated.

[0151] For example, the phase change material can be at least one of a hydrate salt phase change material, an organic phase change material, a molten salt phase change material, a metal phase change material, an alloy phase change material. The hydrate salt phase change material can be at least one of LiClO3·3H2O, NH4Cl·Na2SO4·10H2O, K2HPO4·6H2O, NaCl·Na2SO4·10H2O, KF·4H2O, K2HPO4·4H2O, FeBr3·6H2O, Mn(NO3)2·6H2O, LiBO2·8H2O, CaCl2·6H2O, CaCl2·12H2O, LiNO3·3H2O, LiNO3·2H2O, Na2SO4·10H2O, Na2CO3·10H2O, KFe(SO4)2·12H2O, CaBr2·6H2O, LiBr·2H2O, Na2HPO4·12H2O, Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, Mn(NO3)2·4H2O, FeCl3·6H2O, CaCl2·4H2O, CuSO4·7H2O, KF·2H2O, MgI2·8H2O, CaI2·6H2O, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, Zn(NO3)2·4H2O, K3PO4·7H2O, K2HPO4·7H2O, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, Mg(NO3)2·4H2O, Na2SiO3·5H2O, Na2SiO3·4H2O, Na2HPO4·7H2O, Na2S2O3·5H2O, K2HPO4·3H2O, MgSO4·7H2O, Ca(NO3)2·3H2O, Na(NO3)2·6H2O, Zn(NO3)2·2H2O, FeCl3·2H2O, Co(NO3)2·6H2O, Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, MnCl2·4H2O, CH3COONa·3H2O, LiC2H3O2·2H2O, MgCl2·4H2O, NaOH·H2O, Cd(NO3)2·4H2O, Cd(NO3)2·H2O, Fe(NO3)2·6H2O, NaAl(SO4)2·12H2O, NaAl(SO4)2·10H2O, FeSO4·7H2O, Na3PO4·12H2O, LiCH3COO·2H2O, Na2P2O7·10H2O, Al(NO3)2·9H2O, Ba(OH)2·8H2O, Al2(SO4)3·18H2O, Sr(OH)2·8H2O, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O, KAl(SO4)2·12H2O, (NH4)Al(SO4)·6H2O, LiCl·H2O, MgCl2·6H2O.

[0152] The organic phase change material can be at least one of glycolic acid, p-bromophenol, azobenzene, acrylic acid, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, phenylacetic acid, allyl thiourea, D-3 camphor pellet, benzylamine, tetramethylbenzene, acetamide, methyl p-bromobenzoate, 1-naphthol, glutaric acid, dichloro-p-xylene, methyl fumarate, hydroquinone, quinone, acetanilide, erythritol, succinic anhydride, benzoic acid, stilbene, benzamide, phenazone, p-aminotoluene, benzaldehyde phenylhydrazone, salicylic acid, benzylidene aniline, D-mannitol, hydroquinone, p-aminobenzoic acid.

[0153] The molten salt phase change material can be at least one of LiNO3 / KCl, LiNO3 / NaNO3, KNO3 / NaNO3, LiNO3 / NaCl, NaNO3 / KNO3, LiNO3 / diatomite, NaNO3 / CuO, NaNO3 / EP, KNO3 / diatomite, Li2CO3 / Na2CO3 / K2CO3, NaCl / CaCl2 / MgCl2, MgCl2 / NaCl, MgCl2 / KCl, Li2CO3 / K2CO3, LiCO3 / K2CO3, Na2CO3 / Li2CO3, Li2CO3 / K2CO3, NaCl / Na2CO3, Na2CO3 / NaCl, Na2SO4 / diatomite, Na2SO4 / SiC ceramic foam.

[0154] The chemical heat storage material can be at least one of Ni(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, MgH2, Co3O4, PbCO3, NH4HSO4, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, CaCO3, BaO2, Ba(OH)2.

[0155] When the battery pack 300 is in thermal runaway, in order to make the heat spread out more quickly, so as to reduce the probability of danger. In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 17, at least part of the plurality of accommodation cavities 15 are communicated to form an exhaust flow channel 156. The exhaust flow channel 156 penetrates to the edge of the protection plate body 1A, for example, the exhaust flow channel 156 penetrates to the edge of the support plate 1. The heat absorption material includes a decomposition material, the decomposition material is accommodated in the exhaust flow channel 156, and the decomposition material can decompose into non-combustible gas when heated. For example, the decomposition material can be urea structured compound, carbonate, sulfate and organic compound, etc. For example, the decomposition material can be zinc carbonate (ZnCO3), which can be decomposed into zinc oxide (MgO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) at a temperature of 300°C. The decomposition material can also be magnesium carbonate, which can be decomposed into magnesium oxide (MgO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) at a temperature of 500°C.

[0156] By connecting at least part of the plurality of accommodation cavities 15 to form an exhaust flow channel 156, and disposing a decomposition material in the exhaust flow channel 156, when the battery pack 300 is in thermal runaway, the decomposition material in the exhaust flow channel 156 can absorb part of the heat, and the decomposition material can decompose into non-combustible gas at high temperature. The non-combustible gas has a relatively high pressure at high temperature, and can quickly flow out of the protection structure 20 through the exhaust flow channel 156. In this way, the flow of non-combustible gas can quickly take away heat, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the battery pack 300, and reducing the probability of danger.

[0157] In order to enable the non-combustible gas decomposed by the decomposition material to take away more heat, please refer to FIG. 17, in some embodiments, part of the first arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1522A are first communication holes 1522C. For example, the first arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1522A in the outermost second edge accommodation cavities 1522 are first communication holes 1522C. Part of the second arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1522B are second communication holes 1522D. For example, the second arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1522B in the outermost second edge accommodation cavities 1522 are second communication holes 1522D. Part of the third arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1532A are third communication holes 1532C. For example, the third arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1532A in the outermost third edge accommodation cavities 1532 are third communication holes 1532C. Part of the fourth arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1532B are fourth communication holes 1532D. For example, the fourth arc-shaped accommodation cavities 1532B in the outermost third edge accommodation cavities 1532 are fourth communication holes 1532D.

[0158] The first communication hole 1522C is connected to the third communication hole 1532C through part of the first accommodation cavities 1541. That is, the first communication hole 1522C can be connected to the third communication hole 1532C through one first accommodation cavity 1541, and the first communication hole 1522C can also be connected to the third communication hole 1532C through multiple parallel first accommodation cavities 1541. The second communication hole 1522D is connected to the fourth communication hole 1532D through part of the second accommodation cavities 1551. That is, the second communication hole 1522D can be connected to the fourth communication hole 1532D through one second accommodation cavity 1551, and the second communication hole 1522D can also be connected to the fourth communication hole 1532D through multiple parallel second accommodation cavities 1551.

[0159] The protection plate body 1A is further provided with a first exhaust hole 16 and a second exhaust hole 17. The first exhaust hole 16 is in communication with the first communication hole 1522C and penetrates to the edge of the protection plate body 1A. The second exhaust hole 17 is in communication with the second communication hole 1522D and penetrates to the edge of the protection plate body 1A. For example, the first exhaust hole 16 can penetrate to one side surface of the support plate 1 in the length direction, or can penetrate to one side surface of the support plate 1 in the width direction. The second exhaust hole 17 can penetrate to one side surface of the support plate 1 in the length direction, or can penetrate to one side surface of the support plate 1 in the width direction.

[0160] In this way, the third communication hole 1532C, the first accommodating cavity 1541 communicating the first communication hole 1522C and the third communication hole 1532C, the first communication hole 1522C and the first exhaust hole 16 form an exhaust flow channel 156. The fourth communication hole 1532D, the second accommodating cavity 1551 communicating the second communication hole 1522D and the fourth communication hole 1532D, the second communication hole 1522D and the second exhaust hole 17 form another exhaust flow channel 156. When the battery pack 300 is in thermal runaway, the non-combustible gas generated by the decomposition of the decomposition material in the above two exhaust flow channels 156 can carry away part of the heat of the first group of accommodating cavities 151, the second group of accommodating cavities 152, the third group of accommodating cavities 153, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154 and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 during the flow process, so as to carry away more heat, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the protection structure 20.

[0161] In some embodiments, there are also accommodating cavities 15 in the protection plate body 1A that are not formed into exhaust flow channels 156, and the second heat-absorbing material can be arranged in the part of the accommodating cavities 15. The second heat-absorbing material can absorb heat and will not decompose gas after being heated. For example, the second heat-absorbing material can be a phase change material. At this time, the non-combustible gas generated by the decomposition of the decomposition material during the flow of the exhaust flow channel 156 can also carry away part of the heat in the accommodating cavities 15 where the second heat-absorbing material is arranged.

[0162] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 17, the at least one first accommodating cavity 1541 includes a plurality of first accommodating cavities 1541, and the third communication hole 1532C includes a first hole segment 1532E and a second hole segment 1532F arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity 1531. The first hole segment 1532E communicates with the first communication hole 1522C through one of the plurality of first accommodating cavities 1541, and the second hole segment 1532F communicates with the first communication hole 1522C through another of the plurality of first accommodating cavities 1541. The at least one second accommodating cavity 1551 includes a plurality of second accommodating cavities 1551, and the fourth communication hole 1532D includes a third hole segment 1532M and a fourth hole segment 1532N arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity 1531. The third hole segment 1532M communicates with the second communication hole 1522D through one of the plurality of second accommodating cavities 1551, and the fourth hole segment 1532N communicates with the second communication hole 1522D through another of the plurality of second accommodating cavities 1551.

[0163] In this way, along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A, a plurality of exhaust flow channels 156 can be formed on both sides of the first group of accommodating cavities 151, and the non-combustible gas generated by the decomposition of the materials can flow in the plurality of exhaust flow channels 156, and the heat of the first group of accommodating cavities 151, the second group of accommodating cavities 152, and the third group of accommodating cavities 153 can be quickly taken away during the flow process. In addition, the heat exchange plane can be disturbed and the plane heat exchange capacity can be strengthened, so that the heat at the center position of the battery module 10A can be quickly reduced to reduce the probability of danger.

[0164] In some embodiments, in order to make the heat-absorbing material more reasonably absorb the heat generated when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway. Please refer to FIG. 18, the protection plate body 1A includes a first heat receiving area S1, a second heat receiving area S2, and a third heat receiving area S3, for example, the support plate 1 includes a first heat receiving area S1, a second heat receiving area S2, and a third heat receiving area S3. The temperature of the heat source corresponding to the first heat receiving area S1 is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heat receiving area S2, and the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heat receiving area S2 is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the third heat receiving area S3, for example, the first heat receiving area S1 is configured to correspond to the center position of the battery pack 300.

[0165] The second heated area S2 is arranged along the circumference of the first heated area S1, and the third heated area S3 is arranged along the circumference of the second heated area S2. That is, when the battery module 10A of the battery pack 300 is in thermal runaway, the first heated area S1 has the most heat accumulation and the highest temperature. The second heated area S2 has less heat accumulation and a lower temperature than the first heated area S1. The third heated area S3 is close to the edge of the support plate 1 and has faster heat dissipation. The third heated area S3 has the least heat accumulation and the lowest temperature compared with the first heated area S1 and the second heated area S2.

[0166] In this way, the heat-absorbing materials with different heat-absorbing properties are arranged in the accommodation cavities 15 of the first heated area S1, the second heated area S2, and the third heated area S3, so as to balance the cooling requirements of the first heated area S1, the second heated area S2, and the third heated area S3.

[0167] For example, in some embodiments, the enthalpy absolute value of the heat-absorbing material in the first heated area S1 is greater than the enthalpy absolute value of the heat-absorbing material in the second heated area S2, and the enthalpy absolute value of the heat-absorbing material in the second heated area S2 is greater than the enthalpy absolute value of the heat-absorbing material in the third heated area S3. For example, the heat-absorbing material in the first heated area can be magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), and the enthalpy absolute value of magnesium hydroxide is 924.4 kJ / mol. The heat-absorbing material in the second heated area S2 can be potassium permanganate (KMnO4), and the enthalpy absolute value of potassium permanganate is 813.4 kJ / mol. The heat-absorbing material in the third heated area S3 can be sodium hydroxide, and the enthalpy absolute value of sodium hydroxide is 44.51 kJ / mol.

[0168] In this way, the heat-absorbing material in the first heated area S1 has good heat-absorbing performance and can better absorb the heat at the center of the battery module 10A. The heat-absorbing performance of the heat-absorbing material in the second heated area S2 is slightly worse than that of the heat-absorbing material in the first heated area S1, and only needs to absorb the heat at the position corresponding to the second heated area S2 of the battery module 10A. The heat-absorbing performance of the heat-absorbing material in the third heated area S3 is the worst among the heat-absorbing materials in the first heated area S1 and the second heated area S2, and only needs to absorb the heat at the position corresponding to the third heated area S3 of the battery module 10A. In this way, different enthalpy absolute values of heat-absorbing materials can be reasonably arranged at different positions of the support plate 1 according to the heat-absorbing requirements of different positions of the battery module 10A, so as to improve the heat-absorbing performance of the protection structure 20.

[0169] It should be noted that enthalpy is an important state parameter in thermodynamics that characterizes the energy of a material system. For heat-absorbing materials, the absolute value of the enthalpy reflects the heat-absorbing performance of the heat-absorbing material. The greater the absolute value of the enthalpy, the better the heat-absorbing performance.

[0170] In some embodiments, the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the first heat-absorbing region S1 is greater than the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heat-absorbing region S2, and the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heat-absorbing region S2 is greater than the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the third heat-absorbing region S3. The content of the heat-absorbing material can be measured by mass, volume, thickness, etc.

[0171] Through the above arrangement, the heat at the center position of the battery module 10A can be more absorbed by the heat-absorbing material of the first heat-absorbing region S1, and the heat-absorbing materials of the second heat-absorbing region S2 and the third heat-absorbing region S3 can also meet the heat absorption requirements of the corresponding positions. Moreover, it can also avoid the redundancy of the heat-absorbing materials of the second heat-absorbing region S2 and the third heat-absorbing region S3, thereby causing waste of materials.

[0172] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the protection plate body 1A, the thickness of the heat-absorbing material at different positions on the protection plate body 1A can be the same or different. For example, along the thickness direction of the protection plate body 1A, the thickness of the heat-absorbing material is greater than or equal to 0.02 mm and less than or equal to 1.6 mm. For example, the thickness of the heat-absorbing material can be 0.02 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.08 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, etc. By setting the thickness of the heat-absorbing material within the above range, the heat-absorbing effect of the heat-absorbing material can be ensured, and excessive heat-absorbing material can be avoided.

[0173] In some embodiments, in order to more accurately divide the first heat-absorbing region S1, the second heat-absorbing region S2, and the third heat-absorbing region S3, so as to improve the heat-absorbing effect of the protection structure 20. The length of the protection plate body 1A is b, and the width of the protection plate body 1A is a. It should be noted that the protection plate body 1A is long and strip-shaped, and the shape of the protection plate body 1A can be rectangular, trapezoidal, parallelogram, elliptical, or irregular, etc. At this time, in the length direction of the protection plate body 1A, the maximum size of the protection plate body 1A is the length of the protection plate body 1A. In the width direction of the protection plate body 1A, the maximum size of the protection plate body 1A is the width of the protection plate body 1A.

[0174] Please continue to refer to FIG. 18. When 0<b / a<4, for example, b / a is 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 3.9, etc., the geometric center of the protection plate body 1A is taken as the center of a circle, The area formed by the circle with the radius a is the first heat receiving area S1. The area formed by the ellipse with the geometric center of the protection plate body 1A as the center, 0.36a as the short semi-axis, and (3xb / a-1) / 6xa as the long semi-axis is the first elliptical area. The area remaining after the part of the first heat receiving area S1 located in the first elliptical area is removed from the first elliptical area is the second heat receiving area S2. The area remaining after the first heat receiving area S1 and the second heat receiving area S2 are removed from the protection plate body 1A is the third heat receiving area S3.

[0175] As shown in FIG. 19, when 4≤b / a≤60, for example, b / a is 4, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60, the area formed by the ellipse with the geometric center of the protection plate body 1A as the center, 0.5a as the short semi-axis, and 0.18b as the long semi-axis is the first heat receiving area S1. The area formed by the ellipse with the geometric center of the protection plate body 1A as the center, 0.75a as the short semi-axis, and 0.26b as the long semi-axis is the second elliptical area. The area remaining after the part of the first heat receiving area S1 located in the second elliptical area is removed from the second elliptical area is the second heat receiving area S2. The area remaining after the first heat receiving area S1 and the second heat receiving area S2 are removed from the protection plate body 1A is the third heat receiving area S3.

[0176] The first heat receiving area S1, the second heat receiving area S2, and the third heat receiving area S3 determined in the above manner can more accurately correspond the first heat receiving area S1 to the position (referred to as the first position) where the temperature gathers more when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway, correspond the second heat receiving area S2 to the position (referred to as the second position) where the temperature gathers less than the first position when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway, and correspond the third heat receiving area S3 to the area where the temperature gathers least when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway, thereby enabling the protection structure 20 to better absorb heat.

[0177] In addition, as shown in FIG. 20, the protection structure 20 in the related art and the protection structure 20 in some embodiments of the present disclosure have the same thickness and the same mass of heat absorbing material, and are placed in the same heat insulation environment. One side of the protection structure 20 in the thickness direction is heated at the same temperature for the same time, and the temperature change of the opposite side is detected.

[0178] As shown in FIG. 20, with the change of heating time, the temperature rising rate of the protection structure 20 in some embodiments of the present disclosure is significantly lower than that of the protection structure 20 in the related art, and at the same temperature, the temperature of the protection structure 20 in some embodiments of the present disclosure is also significantly lower than that of the protection structure 20 in the related art. It can be seen that the protection structure 20 in some embodiments of the present disclosure has a higher temperature insulation effect and can better protect the battery module 10A.

[0179] The above merely provides the specific implementation of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present disclosure, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A protective structure, comprising: a protective plate body (1A) provided with a plurality of accommodation cavities (15) arranged in a plane of the protective plate body (1A) and spaced apart; and a heat-absorbing material accommodated in the plurality of accommodation cavities (15).

2. The protective structure of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of accommodation cavities (15) comprises a first group of accommodation cavities (151) including a first central accommodation cavity (1511) and at least one layer of first edge accommodation cavities (1512) arranged around the first central accommodation cavity (1511), the first central accommodation cavity (1511) being located at a geometric center of the protective plate body (1A).

3. The protective structure of claim 2, wherein, The at least one layer of first edge accommodation cavities (1512) comprises a plurality of layers of first edge accommodation cavities (1512) arranged in a length direction of the protective plate body (1A) in the plane of the protective plate body (1A) in a nested manner.

4. The protective structure of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The protective plate body (1A) is in a strip shape. The plurality of accommodation cavities (15) further comprises a second group of accommodation cavities (152) located on one side of the first group of accommodation cavities (151) in the length direction of the protective plate body (1A). The second group of accommodation cavities (152) comprises a second central accommodation cavity (1521) and at least one layer of second edge accommodation cavities (1522) arranged around the second central accommodation cavity (1521).

5. The protective structure of claim 4, wherein, The plurality of accommodation cavities (15) further comprises a third group of accommodation cavities (153) located on a side of the first group of accommodation cavities (151) opposite to the second group of accommodation cavities (152). The third group of accommodation cavities (153) comprises a third central accommodation cavity (1531) and at least one layer of third edge accommodation cavities (1532) arranged around the third central accommodation cavity (1531).

6. The protective structure of claim 5, wherein, A ratio of a length of the protective plate body (1A) to a width of the protective plate body (1A) is greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 60.

7. The protective structure of claim 5 or 6, wherein, The plurality of accommodation cavities (15) further comprises a fourth group of accommodation cavities (154) and a fifth group of accommodation cavities (155), the fourth group of accommodation cavities (154) being located on one side of the first group of accommodation cavities (151) in a width direction of the protective plate body (1A), and the fifth group of accommodation cavities (155) being located on another side of the first group of accommodation cavities (151) in the width direction of the protective plate body (1A). The fourth group of accommodation cavities (154) comprises at least one first accommodation cavity (1541) arranged in the width direction of the protective plate body (1A) in a spaced apart manner, and the fifth group of accommodation cavities (155) comprises at least one second accommodation cavity (1551) arranged in the width direction of the protective plate body (1A) in a spaced apart manner.

8. The protective structure of claim 7, wherein, Each of the at least one layer of second edge accommodating cavities (1522) comprises a first arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522A) and a second arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522B) arranged along the circumference of the second central accommodating cavity (1521), and the first arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522A) and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522B) are symmetrically arranged; Each of the at least one layer of third edge accommodating cavities (1532) comprises a third arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532A) and a fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532B) arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity (1531), and the third arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532A) and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532B) are symmetrically arranged.

9. The protective structure of claim 8, wherein, The first arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522A) and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522B) are arranged along the length direction of the protective plate body (1A), or the first arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522A) and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522B) are arranged along the width direction of the protective plate body (1A); The third arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532A) and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532B) are arranged along the length direction of the protective plate body (1A), or the third arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532A) and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532B) are arranged along the width direction of the protective plate body (1A).

10. The protective structure of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, At least part of the plurality of accommodating cavities (15) are communicated to form an exhaust flow channel (156) that penetrates to the edge of the protective plate body (1A); The heat-absorbing material comprises a decomposition material, the decomposition material is accommodated in the exhaust flow channel (156), and the decomposition material can decompose non-combustible gas when heated.

11. The protective structure of claim 8 or 9, wherein, Part of the first arc-shaped accommodating cavities (1522A) in the at least one layer of second edge accommodating cavities (1522) are first communication holes (1522C), part of the second arc-shaped accommodating cavities (1522B) in the at least one layer of second edge accommodating cavities (1522) are second communication holes (1522D), part of the third arc-shaped accommodating cavities (1532A) in the at least one layer of third edge accommodating cavities (1532) are third communication holes (1532C), and part of the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavities (1532B) in the at least one layer of third edge accommodating cavities (1532) are fourth communication holes (1532D); The first communication holes (1522C) are communicated with the third communication holes (1532C) through part of the at least one first accommodating cavity (1541) in the at least one first accommodating cavity (1541); the second communication holes (1522D) are communicated with the fourth communication holes (1532D) through part of the second accommodating cavities (1551) in the at least one second accommodating cavity (1551); The protection plate body (1A) is further provided with a first exhaust hole (16) and a second exhaust hole (17), the first exhaust hole (16) is communicated with the first communication hole (1522C) and penetrates to the edge of the protection plate body (1A), and the second exhaust hole (17) is communicated with the second communication hole (1522D) and penetrates to the edge of the protection plate body (1A).

12. The protection structure according to claim 11, wherein, The at least one first accommodating cavity (1541) comprises a plurality of first accommodating cavities (1541), the third communication hole (1532C) comprises a first hole section (1532E) and a second hole section (1532F) arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity (1531), the first hole section (1532E) is communicated with the first communication hole (1522C) through one of the plurality of first accommodating cavities (1541), and the second hole section (1532F) is communicated with the first communication hole (1522C) through another of the plurality of first accommodating cavities (1541); The at least one second accommodating cavity (1551) comprises a plurality of second accommodating cavities (1551), the fourth communication hole (1532D) comprises a third hole section (1532M) and a fourth hole section (1532N) arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity (1531), the third hole section (1532M) is communicated with the second communication hole (1522D) through one of the plurality of second accommodating cavities (1551), and the fourth hole section (1532N) is communicated with the second communication hole (1522D) through another of the plurality of second accommodating cavities (1551).

13. The protective structure of any one of claims 1-12, wherein, The protection plate body (1A) comprises a first heat receiving area (S1), a second heat receiving area (S2) and a third heat receiving area (S3), the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the first heat receiving area (S1) is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heat receiving area (S2), the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heat receiving area (S2) is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the third heat receiving area (S3), the second heat receiving area (S2) is arranged along the circumference of the first heat receiving area (S1), and the third heat receiving area (S3) is arranged along the circumference of the second heat receiving area (S2); The protection structure satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the first heat receiving area (S1) is greater than the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heat receiving area (S2), and the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heat receiving area (S2) is greater than the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the third heat receiving area (S3); or, The protection structure satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The content of the heat-absorbing material located in the first heated region (S1) is greater than the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heated region (S2), and the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heated region (S2) is greater than the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the third heated region (S3).

14. The protective structure of claim 13, wherein, The length of the protective plate body (1A) is b, and the width of the protective plate body (1A) is a; when 0 < b / a < 4, with the geometric center of the protective plate body (1A) as the center of a circle, The area formed by a circle with a radius is the first heated region (S1); the area formed by an ellipse with the geometric center of the protective plate body (1A) as the center, 0.36a as the short semi-axis, and (3×b / a-1) / 6×a as the long semi-axis is a first elliptical region, and the remaining part of the first elliptical region after removing part of the first heated region (S1) located in the first elliptical region is a second heated region (S2); the remaining part of the protective plate body (1A) after removing the first heated region (S1) and the second heated region (S2) is a third heated region (S3); When 4≤b / a≤60, the area formed by an ellipse with the geometric center of the protective plate body (1A) as the center, 0.5a as the short semi-axis, and 0.18b as the long semi-axis is the first heated region (S1); the area formed by an ellipse with the geometric center of the protective plate body (1A) as the center, 0.75a as the short semi-axis, and 0.26b as the long semi-axis is a second elliptical region, and the remaining part of the second elliptical region after removing part of the first heated region (S1) located in the second elliptical region is a second heated region (S2); the remaining part of the protective plate body (1A) after removing the first heated region (S1) and the second heated region (S2) is a third heated region (S3).

15. The protective structure of claim 13 or 14, wherein, The heat-absorbing material includes at least one of a phase change material and a chemical heat storage material.

16. The protective structure of any one of claims 1-15, wherein, In the thickness direction of the protective plate body (1A), the thickness of the heat-absorbing material is greater than or equal to 0.02mm and less than or equal to 1.6mm.

17. The protective structure of any one of claims 1-16, wherein, The protective plate body (1A) includes: a support plate (1) including a first surface (11) and a second surface (12) facing away from each other, the first surface (11) being provided with a plurality of accommodating holes (15A) recessed toward the second surface (12); the heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the plurality of accommodating holes (15A); and a first barrier layer (2) provided on the first surface (11) and covering the plurality of accommodating holes (15A).

18. The protective structure of claim 17, wherein, The accommodating hole (15A) penetrates to the second surface (12); The protective plate body (1A) further includes a second barrier layer (3) provided on the second surface (12) and covering the plurality of accommodating holes (15A).

19. The protective structure of claim 18, wherein, The first barrier layer (2) includes: a first heat insulation layer (21) connected to the support plate (1); and A first radiation blocking layer (22) is connected to a side of the first heat insulation layer (21) facing away from the support plate (1).

20. The protective structure of claim 19, wherein, The material of the first radiation blocking layer (22) comprises at least one of inverse spinel metal oxide, aluminum, copper, silver, and oxide of aluminum.

21. The protective structure of claim 19 or 20, wherein, In the thickness direction of the support plate (1), the thickness of the first heat insulation layer (21) is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 11 mm.

22. The protective structure of any one of claims 19-21, wherein, In the thickness direction of the support plate (1), the thickness of the first radiation blocking layer (22) is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm.

23. The protective structure of any one of claims 18-22, wherein, The support plate (1) comprises: a plate body (13) comprising the first surface (11) and the second surface (12); a plurality of clamping members (14) connected to the plate body (13); the clamping member (14) comprises a plurality of first clamping portions (141) and a plurality of second clamping portions (142); and the plurality of first clamping portions (141) surround and clamp the first barrier layer (2), and the plurality of second clamping portions (142) surround and clamp the second barrier layer (3).

24. The protective structure of claim 23, wherein, The first clamping portion (141) comprises: a first positioning plate (1411) located on one side of the first barrier layer (2) in a first direction, and the projection of the first positioning plate (1411) partially overlaps the projection of the first barrier layer (2), the first direction being perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plate body (13); and a first limiting plate (1412) connected to the first positioning plate (1411) and located on a side of the first barrier layer (2) facing away from the plate body (13).

25. The protective structure of claim 23 or 24, wherein, On a side of the first clamping portion (141) facing away from the plate body (13) in the thickness direction of the plate body (13), a positioning protrusion (1413) is formed, and on a side of the second clamping portion (142) facing away from the plate body (13) in the thickness direction of the plate body (13), a positioning groove (1423) is formed, and the positioning protrusion (1413) of one protection structure can be clamped in the positioning groove (1423) of another protection structure.

26. A battery pack, comprising: a battery assembly (10); and the protection structure according to any one of claims 1-25, connected to the battery assembly (10).

27. The battery pack of claim 26, wherein, The battery assembly (10) comprises a plurality of battery modules (10A) arranged at intervals, and at least one protection structure is arranged between any two adjacent battery modules (10A) in the plurality of battery modules (10A).

28. An electrical device, comprising: a device body; and the battery pack according to any one of claims 26-27, connected to the device body.

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