Insulation structure of battery pack, and battery pack and transportation means including same

Abstract

In an insulation structure of a battery pack, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a deposition material having insulating properties is deposited and filled in recessed parts formed in a predetermined recess shape on the bottom surface of a battery, the entire portion of the bottom surface has a flat insulating layer formed by means of the deposition of the deposition material, and the insulating layer is disposed on a thermally conductive resin layer applied to the inner bottom surface of a pack case of the battery pack in which the plurality of batteries are provided.

Description

Insulating structure of a battery pack and a battery pack and transportation means including the same

[0001] The present invention relates to an insulating structure of a battery pack and a battery pack and a transportation means including the same.

[0002]

[0003] Secondary batteries, which have high applicability according to product group and electrical characteristics such as high energy density, are widely used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) driven by electrical power sources.

[0004] These secondary batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for environmental friendliness and energy efficiency, not only because they have the primary advantage of drastically reducing the use of fossil fuels, but also because they produce no byproducts from energy use.

[0005] Types of secondary batteries widely used today include lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries.

[0006] The operating voltage of these unit batteries is approximately 2.5 V to 4.5 V.

[0007] Therefore, if a higher output voltage is required, a battery pack is formed by connecting multiple batteries in series.

[0008] Additionally, a battery pack is configured by connecting multiple batteries in parallel depending on the charge / discharge capacity required for the battery pack.

[0009] Accordingly, the number of batteries included in the battery pack can be set to various values ​​depending on the required output voltage and / or charge / discharge capacity.

[0010] Meanwhile, in the case of a cylindrical battery, a separator, which is an insulator, is interposed between the positive and negative electrodes, and this is wound to form a jelly roll-shaped electrode assembly, which is then inserted into the battery housing together with an electrolyte to form a battery.

[0011] And, a strip-shaped electrode tab can be connected to each of the positive and negative electrode portions, and the electrode tab electrically connects between the electrode assembly and the electrode terminal exposed to the outside.

[0012] For reference, the positive electrode terminal is the cap plate of the sealing body that seals the opening of the battery housing, and the negative electrode terminal is the battery housing.

[0013]

[0014] FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the prior art.

[0015] A cylindrical battery pack (300) according to one embodiment of the prior art may include a cylindrical battery (100) and a pack case (310) in which a plurality of cylindrical batteries (100) are provided and stored.

[0016] The battery pack (300) further includes a pack case (310) for storing a cylindrical battery (100), and various devices for controlling charging and discharging of the cylindrical battery (100), such as a BMS, a current sensor, a fuse, etc.

[0017]

[0018] FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing showing an insulation structure of a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the prior art.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the prior art, a thermally conductive resin layer (500) is applied to the inner bottom surface of a pack case of a cylindrical battery pack, and an insulating sheet (400) made of polycarbonate (PC) is placed thereon.

[0020] A conventional cylindrical battery (100) has a concave portion (120) of a predetermined shape formed on the bottom surface, and the bottom surface of the cylindrical battery (100) is attached to an insulating sheet (400) to form a cylindrical battery pack.

[0021] When a battery pack is configured in this way, an air gap is generated between the concave portion (120) formed on the bottom of the cylindrical battery (100) and the insulating sheet (400), and there is a problem in that this air gap portion does not have insulating properties.

[0022]

[0023] The present invention has been devised to solve the various problems of the prior art as described above, and its purpose is to provide an insulating structure of a battery pack capable of securing the insulating properties of the bottom surface of a battery pack case by eliminating an air gap caused by a concave portion formed on the bottom surface of a battery, and a battery pack and a transportation means including the same.

[0024]

[0025] In order to achieve the above objects, the insulating structure of the battery pack according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that an insulating deposition material is deposited and filled in a concave portion formed in a predetermined groove shape on the bottom surface of the battery, the entire portion of the bottom surface forms a flat insulating layer by the deposition of the deposition material, and the insulating layer is disposed on a thermally conductive resin layer applied to the inner bottom surface of a pack case of a battery pack in which a plurality of batteries are provided.

[0026] It is preferable that the above battery be a cylindrical battery.

[0027] The above concave portion can be continuously formed along the circumferential direction on the bottom surface of the cylindrical battery.

[0028] The above deposition material may be silicon nitride (Si3N4) or silicon dioxide (SiO2).

[0029] The above deposition can be accomplished by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of the silicon nitride.

[0030] The above chemical vapor deposition may be any one selected from low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), and thermal chemical vapor deposition (Thermal CVD).

[0031] Alternatively, the deposition can be accomplished via physical vapor deposition (PVD) of the deposition material.

[0032] The above physical vapor deposition may be electron-beam evaporation.

[0033] The deposition material deposited by the above electron beam evaporation method may be any one selected from among aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), silver (Ag), tungsten (W), indium tin oxide (ITO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), zinc oxide (ZnO), hafnium oxide (HfO2), titanium carbide (TiC), silicon carbide (SiC), titanium nitride (TiN), silicon nitride (Si3N4), aluminum nitride (AlN), titanium diboride (TiB2), titanium disilicide (TiSi2), and carbon (C).

[0034] The above thermally conductive resin layer may be a thermal resin including silicone, urethane, or epoxy resin.

[0035] A battery pack according to the second aspect of the present invention may include the insulating structure of the battery pack described above.

[0036] A means of transportation according to a third aspect of the present invention may include the battery pack described above.

[0037]

[0038] According to the solution to the above-mentioned problem, the present invention has the following effects.

[0039] The present invention has the effect of securing the insulating properties of the bottom surface of the battery pack case by depositing and filling a concave portion formed in a groove shape on the bottom surface of the battery and forming the bottom surface of the battery into a flat shape by depositing the deposition material.

[0040] In addition, the present invention employs silicon nitride (Si3N4) or silicon dioxide (SiO2) as a deposition material, thereby protecting the battery from external impact due to its high strength and density, and preventing contamination by foreign substances.

[0041]

[0042] FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the prior art.

[0043] FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing showing an insulation structure of a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the prior art.

[0044] FIG. 3 is a drawing showing a cylindrical battery employed in a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 is a drawing showing a longitudinal cross-section of the cylindrical battery of Figure 3.

[0046] Figure 5 is a drawing showing an enlarged view of the upper part of Figure 4.

[0047] FIG. 6 is a drawing showing a cylindrical battery pack including an insulating structure of a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] FIG. 7 is a schematic drawing showing the insulation structure of a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 8 is a drawing showing the types of general deposition methods.

[0050] Figure 9 is a diagram showing the process of pressure change and CVD method change.

[0051] FIG. 10 is a schematic drawing of a vehicle including the cylindrical battery pack of FIG. 6.

[0052]

[0053] The advantages and features of the present invention, and the methods for achieving them, will become clearer with reference to the embodiments described in detail below together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided only to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims. Accordingly, in some embodiments, well-known process steps, well-known device structures, and well-known techniques are not specifically described to avoid ambiguity in the interpretation of the present invention. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

[0054] In order to clearly represent multiple layers and regions in the drawings, the thickness may be enlarged. Similar parts are designated by the same drawing reference numerals throughout the specification. When an element such as a layer, film, region, or plate is said to be "over" another element, this includes not only the case where it is "directly over" that element but also the case where there are other elements in between. Conversely, when an element is said to be "directly over" another element, this means that there are no other elements in between. Furthermore, when an element such as a layer, film, region, or plate is said to be "under" another element, this includes not only the case where it is "directly under" that element but also the case where there are other elements in between. Conversely, when an element is said to be "directly under" another element, this means that there are no other elements in between.

[0055] FIG. 3 is a drawing showing a cylindrical battery employed in a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a drawing showing a longitudinal cross-section of the cylindrical battery of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a drawing showing an enlarged upper portion of FIG. 4.

[0056] A cylindrical battery (1) employed in a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include an electrode assembly (10), a housing (20), a terminal (40), and a first current collector (60).

[0057] The electrode assembly (10) includes a first electrode having a first polarity, a second electrode having a second polarity, and a separator interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0058] The first electrode is either a cathode or an anode, and the second electrode corresponds to an electrode having a polarity opposite to that of the first electrode.

[0059] The electrode assembly (10) can be manufactured by winding a laminate formed by sequentially stacking a first electrode, a separator, a second electrode, and a separator at least once.

[0060] That is, the electrode assembly (10) applied to the present invention may be a jelly-roll type electrode assembly.

[0061] Such a jelly-roll type electrode assembly (10) may have a winding center hole (C) formed approximately at its center and extending along the height direction (parallel to the Z axis).

[0062] The first electrode may include a first electrode plate and a first electrode active material layer formed by applying a first electrode active material on at least one surface of the first electrode plate.

[0063] The second electrode may include a second electrode plate and a second active material layer formed by applying a second electrode active material on at least one surface of the second electrode plate.

[0064] The first electrode may include a first non-conductive portion (11) on which no positive active material or negative active material is applied to the electrode plate.

[0065] The second electrode may include a second non-conductive portion (12) on which no positive active material or negative active material is applied to the electrode plate.

[0066] For example, the first non-conductive part (11) may be provided at the top of the electrode assembly (10), and the second non-conductive part (12) may be provided at the bottom of the electrode assembly (10).

[0067] At least a portion of the first uncoated portion (11) can function as a first electrode tab, and at least a portion of the second uncoated portion (12) can function as a second electrode tab.

[0068] The first non-conductive portion (11) and the second non-conductive portion (12) extend in opposite directions along the height direction (parallel to the Z-axis) of the cylindrical battery (1).

[0069] The first non-opening portion (11) extends toward the closed portion of the housing (20), and the second non-opening portion (12) extends toward the open portion of the housing (20).

[0070] The housing (20) can accommodate the electrode assembly (10) through an opening formed at the top.

[0071] The housing (20) is a roughly cylindrical receiver with an opening formed at the top, and may be made of a conductive metal material.

[0072] The side of the housing (20) and the lower surface (the surface located in the positive direction of the Z-axis) located opposite the opening can be formed integrally.

[0073] That is, the housing (20) may have a form in which the lower part in the height direction is open and the upper part is closed.

[0074] The upper surface of the housing (20) may have a roughly flat shape.

[0075] The housing (20) can also accommodate electrolyte through the opening.

[0076] However, the housing (20) of the present invention is not limited to this form.

[0077] The housing (20) may include an inner portion (21) and a crimping portion (22).

[0078] The inner portion (21) is formed at the end adjacent to the opening and can be pressed inward.

[0079] The inner portion (21) may have a shape in which the outer circumference of the housing (20) is pressed to a predetermined depth.

[0080] The inner portion (21) can be pressed by a beading process.

[0081] The insertion portion (21) can be formed at the lower part of the electrode assembly (10).

[0082] The inner diameter of the housing (20) in the area where the inner portion (21) is formed can be formed smaller than the diameter of the electrode assembly (10).

[0083] The crimping portion (22) can be formed on the upper portion of the inner portion (21).

[0084] The crimping portion (22) may have an extended and bent shape to wrap around the edge of the top cap (30).

[0085] By the shape of this crimping portion (22), the top cap (30) can be fixed on the inner portion (21).

[0086] The terminal (40) can be electrically connected to the first non-conductive part (11).

[0087] The terminal (40) can be electrically connected to the first non-conductive portion (11) by penetrating the closed portion of the housing (20) provided on the opposite side of the open portion of the housing (20).

[0088] The terminal (40) can penetrate approximately the center of the upper surface of the housing (20).

[0089] The terminal (40) can be electrically connected to the electrode assembly (10) by being coupled to the first collector (60).

[0090] The terminal (40) includes a terminal exposure portion (41) and a terminal insertion portion (42).

[0091] The terminal insertion portion (42) may include an electrical connection portion (42a) and a flange portion (42b).

[0092] The terminal exposure portion (41) is exposed to the outside of the housing (20).

[0093] The terminal exposure portion (41) can be located approximately at the center of the closed portion of the housing (20).

[0094] The maximum width of the terminal exposure portion (41) can be formed larger than the maximum width of the hole formed in the housing (20) for insertion of the terminal (40).

[0095] The terminal insertion portion (42) penetrates approximately the center of the closed portion of the housing (20), and the electrical connection portion (42a) of the terminal insertion portion (42) can be electrically connected to the first non-conductive portion (11).

[0096] When the cylindrical battery (1) of the present invention has an insulator (70), the terminal insertion portion (42) may have a form surrounded by the insulator (70) so that its side is not exposed.

[0097] The flange portion (42b) of the terminal insertion portion (42) is formed around the electrical connection portion (42a) and can be riveted onto the inner surface of the closing portion of the housing (20).

[0098] That is, the flange portion (42b) of the terminal insertion portion (42) may have a shape that is bent toward the inner surface of the closed portion of the housing (20).

[0099] Accordingly, the maximum width of the terminal insertion portion (42) after the riveting process for fixing the terminal (40) is performed can be formed to be larger than the maximum width of the hole formed in the housing (20) through which the terminal insertion portion (42) passes.

[0100] The electrical connection portion (42a) of the terminal insertion portion (42) can be connected to the terminal coupling portion (61) of the first current collector (60).

[0101] The electrical connection portion (42a) of the terminal insertion portion (42) may have, for example, an approximately cylindrical shape.

[0102] Of course, the shape of the electrical connection portion (42a) of the terminal insertion portion (42) is not limited to this.

[0103] The electrical connection portion (42a) of the terminal insertion portion (42) may have various shapes, such as, for example, a cylindrical shape having an elliptical cross-section, a square column shape, a hexagonal column shape, or an octagonal column shape.

[0104] The bottom surface of the electrical connection portion (42a) of the terminal insertion portion (42) can be formed to be approximately flat, at least partially.

[0105] The first collector (60) can be electrically coupled to the first non-conductive portion (11).

[0106] The first collector (60) can be electrically coupled to the terminal (40).

[0107] A cylindrical battery according to the present invention may include a top cap (30) and / or an insulating gasket (50) and / or an insulator (70) and / or a second current collector (80).

[0108] The top cap (30) can be configured to cover the opening.

[0109] An insulating gasket (50) is interposed between the terminal (40) and the housing (20).

[0110] An insulating gasket (50) is interposed between the terminal insertion portion (42) of the terminal (40) and the housing (20).

[0111] The insulating gasket (50) can be deformed together with the flange portion (42b) of the terminal insertion portion (42) during riveting so as to be in close contact with the inner surface of the closing portion of the housing (20).

[0112] The insulating gasket (50) can be made of, for example, a resin material having insulating properties and elasticity.

[0113] An insulator (70) may be positioned on the first non-conductive part (11) to insulate between the housing (20) and the first non-conductive part (11).

[0114] An insulator (70) may be interposed between the closing portion of the housing (20) and the electrode assembly (10) or between the closing portion of the housing (20) and the first current collector (60).

[0115] The insulator (70) may include, for example, a resin material having insulating properties.

[0116] The insulator (70) may have a hole approximately in the center so that the terminal (40) can be electrically connected to the first non-conductive portion (11).

[0117] The second collector (80) can be electrically coupled to the second non-conductive portion (12).

[0118] The second collector (80) can be electrically coupled to the housing (20).

[0119] The second collector (80) may have a housing coupling portion coupled to the housing (20) and a second non-conductive portion coupling portion coupled to the second non-conductive portion (12).

[0120] The second collector (80) can be coupled to the electrode assembly (10) on the opposite side where the first collector (60) is placed.

[0121] The second collector (80) may be provided with a second collector hole provided at a position corresponding to the winding center hole (C).

[0122] In this case, the tool for welding between the terminal (40) and the first current collector (60) can be easily inserted from the open side of the housing (20).

[0123] Meanwhile, as described above, the cylindrical battery (1) illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5 is a cylindrical battery that applies a crimping portion (22) structure, but as described later, any type of cylindrical battery can adopt the insulating structure of the battery pack according to the present invention as long as a groove-shaped concave portion is formed on the bottom surface of the cylindrical battery.

[0124] For example, a cylindrical battery with a deep welding structure can also adopt the insulation structure of the battery pack described below.

[0125]

[0126] FIG. 6 is a drawing showing a cylindrical battery pack including an insulating structure of a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0127] A cylindrical battery pack (3) according to the present invention may include the cylindrical battery (1) described above and a pack case (3a) in which a plurality of cylindrical batteries (1) are provided and stored.

[0128] The battery pack (3) further includes a pack case (3a) for storing a cylindrical battery (1), and various devices for controlling charging and discharging of the cylindrical battery (1), such as a BMS, a current sensor, a fuse, etc.

[0129]

[0130] FIG. 7 is a schematic drawing showing the insulation structure of a cylindrical battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0131] An insulating structure of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention is configured such that an insulating deposition material is deposited and filled in a concave portion (1a) formed in a predetermined groove shape on the bottom surface of a battery (1), an insulating layer (4) having a flat shape is formed on the entire bottom surface of the battery (1) by the deposition of the deposition material, and the insulating layer (4) is arranged on a thermally conductive resin layer (5) applied to the inner bottom surface of a pack case of a battery pack in which a plurality of batteries (1) are provided.

[0132] Heat generated from the battery (1) can be transferred directly to the thermally conductive resin layer (5) through the insulating layer (4), and the heat can be transferred directly to the pack case of the battery pack in direct contact with the thermally conductive resin layer (5), thereby efficiently dissipating the heat to the outside.

[0133] This thermally conductive resin layer (5) may be a thermal resin including silicone, urethane, or epoxy resin.

[0134] Since the thermally conductive resin layer (5) and the pack case are made of a material with high thermal conductivity and low thermal resistance, an increase in thermal resistance that may occur when a large number of components are present is prevented, and heat can be quickly released to the outside.

[0135] In this way, by depositing and filling the concave portion (1a) formed in the shape of a groove on the bottom surface of the battery (1), the air gap between the bottom surface of the battery (1) and the insulating layer (4) is eliminated, thereby maximizing the heat dissipation effect. In addition, by forming the bottom surface of the battery (1) into a flat shape by depositing the deposition material, the insulation properties of the bottom surface of the battery pack case can be secured.

[0136] Meanwhile, the battery (1) may be a cylindrical battery.

[0137] A home-shaped concave portion (1a) can be continuously formed along the circumferential direction on the bottom surface of a cylindrical battery (1) to form a circular shape.

[0138] The deposition material may be silicon nitride (Si3N4) or silicon dioxide (SiO2).

[0139]

[0140] [Table 1] Characteristics of deposition materials

[0141]

[0142]

[0143] Band gap, also called band gap, band spacing, or energy gap, refers to the energy level or energy difference between the top of the highest energy band (valence band) occupied by electrons and the bottom of the lowest space band (conduction band) in the band structure of a semiconductor or insulator.

[0144] As can be seen in Table 1, silicon nitride (Si3N4) has high strength and density, making it an excellent material for insulating films. (Si3N4 is superior to silicon dioxide (SiO2))

[0145] In this way, the present invention has the advantage of being able to protect the battery from external impact due to high strength and density and preventing contamination by foreign substances by employing silicon nitride (Si3N4) or silicon dioxide (SiO2) as a deposition material.

[0146] Preferably, the deposition of the deposition material can be accomplished via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of silicon nitride.

[0147] Such chemical vapor deposition may be any one selected from low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), and thermal chemical vapor deposition (Thermal CVD).

[0148]

[0149] [Table 2] Comparison of LPCVD and PECVD

[0150]

[0151]

[0152] In Table 2, s / t is the step coverage, which indicates whether a constant thickness is maintained at the step. If the ratio of the thickly deposited t at the top and the thinly deposited s on the side wall is 1:1 (s / t=1), it can be said to be uniformly deposited.

[0153] In Table 2, d / r is the deposition rate.

[0154] Meanwhile, in the case of a silicon nitride (Si3N4) thin film with a thickness of 1 ㎛, it was found that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the thin film deposited by the LPCVD method was approximately 2.3 W / (m·K), which was higher than that of the silicon nitride thin film deposited by the PECVD method, which had a thermal conductivity coefficient of 1.78 W / (m·K).

[0155] In the case of silicon nitride thin films deposited using the PECVD method, unreacted by-products from the introduced gas tend to remain in the thin film more than those deposited using the LPCVD method, so it can be said that the thermal conductivity coefficient is low due to the influence of impurities.

[0156] Therefore, it was found that the thermal conductivity coefficient of silicon nitride thin films differs depending on the deposition method.

[0157] Silicon nitride (Si3N4) can be used via chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

[0158] Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a widely used technique for forming high-quality silicon nitride thin films.

[0159] Silicon nitride offers high electrical insulation properties, making it ideal for applications requiring high insulation.

[0160] The main methods and conditions used when depositing silicon nitride thin films by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) are as follows:

[0161] (1) Low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD):

[0162] - LPCVD is widely used to form high-quality silicon nitride thin films.

[0163] - Silane (SiH4) and ammonia (NH3) are commonly used as reaction gases.

[0164] - The reaction temperature is set to approximately 700 to 900 ℃.

[0165] (2) Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD):

[0166] - PECVD is a method that can deposit silicon nitride at relatively low temperatures.

[0167] - Since the reaction is promoted using plasma, the deposition temperature can be lowered to around 300 to 400 ℃.

[0168] - Silane (SiH4), ammonia (NH3), or nitrogen (N2) are used as reaction gases.

[0169] (3) Thermochemical vapor deposition (Thermal CVD):

[0170] - It is mainly performed at high temperatures and can form high-quality thin films.

[0171] - Similar to LPCVD, the reaction proceeds using silane (SiH4) and ammonia (NH3).

[0172] Silicon nitride thin films offer high dielectric strength, low leakage current, excellent thermal stability and chemical durability.

[0173] Because of these properties, it is widely used as a gate insulator, passivation layer, and protective coating in semiconductor devices.

[0174] Therefore, utilizing chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology to form silicon nitride thin films with high insulating properties is a very effective method.

[0175] Desired thin film properties can be obtained by appropriately controlling the parameters of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) (temperature, pressure, gas composition, plasma conditions, etc.).

[0176] The electrical insulation properties of silicon nitride (Si3N4) thin films are mainly evaluated by dielectric strength.

[0177] Dielectric strength refers to the maximum magnitude of the electric field that can be withstood per unit thickness.

[0178] Meanwhile, deposition can also be accomplished through physical vapor deposition (PVD) of the deposition material.

[0179] Physical vapor deposition may be electron-beam evaporation.

[0180] The deposition material deposited by the electron beam evaporation method may be any one selected from among aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), silver (Ag), tungsten (W), indium tin oxide (ITO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), zinc oxide (ZnO), hafnium oxide (HfO2), titanium carbide (TiC), silicon carbide (SiC), titanium nitride (TiN), silicon nitride (Si3N4), aluminum nitride (AlN), titanium diboride (TiB2), titanium disilicide (TiSi2), and carbon (C).

[0181]

[0182] Figure 8 is a drawing showing the types of general deposition methods.

[0183] Thin film coating is a technology that applies a very thin layer to the surface of a material.

[0184] These thin film coatings are used for a variety of purposes, primarily to improve functionality, protect, decorate, and impart special electrical and optical properties.

[0185] Thin film coating technology is used in a variety of industries, including semiconductors, displays, optical equipment, tools, and mechanical components.

[0186] The main methods of thin film coating include:

[0187] (1) Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD):

[0188] - Evaporation: The material is heated to evaporate, and the evaporated material is condensed on a substrate to form a thin film.

[0189] - Sputtering: A method of transferring a target material to a substrate using ions.

[0190] (2) Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD):

[0191] - A thin film is formed by inducing a chemical reaction on the substrate surface using a reactive gas.

[0192] (3) Spin Coating:

[0193] - The coating material in solution state is dropped onto the substrate and rotated at high speed to form a thin and uniform layer.

[0194] (4) Slot Die Coating:

[0195] - A method of uniformly distributing a solution over a substrate, mainly used for large-area coating.

[0196] Examples of applications of thin film coatings include:

[0197] - Semiconductor manufacturing: Essential for the production of semiconductor devices such as integrated circuits (ICs) and transistors.

[0198] - Display: Used to improve and protect the functions of display devices such as OLED and LCD.

[0199] - Solar panels: Thin film coatings are applied to increase efficiency and protect them.

[0200] - Cutting tools: Hard thin film coatings are used to improve tool durability and performance.

[0201] Thin film coating is an important technology that is continuously developing in research and industrial fields because it requires a high degree of precision and uniformity.

[0202] Meanwhile, the representative materials used when forming an electrical insulating thin film coating using physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods are as follows:

[0203] (1) Silicon dioxide (SiO):

[0204] - Commonly called "silica", it has excellent electrical insulating properties and heat resistance.

[0205] - Widely used as a gate insulator and protective layer in semiconductor devices.

[0206] (2) Silicon nitride (Si3N4):

[0207] - It provides high insulation and mechanical strength, and also has excellent chemical stability.

[0208] - Used as a passivation layer for electronic devices and semiconductor elements.

[0209] (3) Aluminum oxide (Al2O3):

[0210] - Also called "alumina", it has excellent electrical insulation and wear resistance.

[0211] - Used as an insulating layer in microelectronics and high-voltage devices.

[0212] (4) Magnesium oxide (MgO):

[0213] - Provides excellent electrical insulation and high temperature stability.

[0214] - Suitable for electrical insulation applications at high temperatures.

[0215] (5) Tantalum oxide (Ta2O5):

[0216] - It has high dielectric constant and good insulating properties, and is used especially in high-frequency circuits.

[0217] - Mainly used in electronic components such as capacitors.

[0218] (6) Aluminum nitride (AlN):

[0219] - It has both high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation, making it suitable for high-temperature applications.

[0220] - Used in the manufacturing of power semiconductor substrates and LEDs.

[0221] (7) Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene oxide:

[0222] - Due to its unique physical and electrical properties, it can provide electrical insulation and improved thermal conductivity at the same time.

[0223] - Suitable for nanoelectronics and high-performance materials.

[0224]

[0225] [Table 3] CVD conditions by application (advantages / disadvantages)

[0226]

[0227]

[0228] Atomic Layer Chemical Vapor Deposition (ALCVD), also abbreviated as ALD, is a technology for depositing very thin films at the atomic layer level.

[0229] This atomic layer deposition method is a technique that generally deposits multiple layers of atomic layers at once, and has recently been attracting attention as the need for increasingly smaller and finer semiconductor devices increases.

[0230]

[0231] Figure 9 is a diagram showing the process of pressure change and CVD method change.

[0232] CVD methods can be categorized based on pressure, and the lower the pressure within the process chamber, the more precise and uniform the film is formed, with higher step coverage and higher thickness uniformity.

[0233] And, in this low-pressure state, the process time becomes longer, so the wafer temperature has to be increased to avoid reducing the reaction speed.

[0234] The problem is that as the heat temperature increases, the stress on the film increases, and so many other disadvantages arise. To solve this problem, the PECVD method was developed to supplement plasma energy and deposit the film.

[0235] However, since the PECVD method uses a reactive gas radical (strongly reactive substances such as chlorine or fluorine atoms), it has the disadvantage of having a somewhat poor film quality. To solve this problem, the HDPCVD method, which uses plasma etching and deposition together to improve gap fill capability, is rapidly increasing.

[0236] Meanwhile, the insulating structure of the battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention may be configured such that a predetermined coating liquid having insulating properties is sprayed and filled into a concave portion (1a) formed in a predetermined groove shape on the bottom surface of the battery (1), the entire portion of the bottom surface of the battery (1) is sprayed with the coating liquid and then cured to form a flat insulating layer (4), and the insulating layer (4) is disposed on a thermally conductive resin layer (5) applied to the inner bottom surface of a pack case of a battery pack in which a plurality of batteries (1) are provided.

[0237] Such an insulating layer (4) can be formed by a UV coating method. UV coating refers to a method of spraying a coating solution and then curing the coating solution using a UV lamp.

[0238]

[0239] FIG. 10 is a schematic drawing of a vehicle including the cylindrical battery pack of FIG. 6.

[0240] The automobile (7) according to the present invention may include the cylindrical battery (1) described above and may include the battery pack (3) described above.

[0241] The cylindrical battery (1) or battery pack (3) can be applied to a vehicle (7), for example, a certain vehicle designed to use electricity, such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.

[0242] Although this specification describes only cylindrical batteries and battery packs, the insulating structure according to the present invention can of course also be applied to square batteries and square battery packs.

[0243]

[0244] [Explanation of symbols]

[0245] 1: Cylindrical battery

[0246] 1a: Concave

[0247] 3: Battery pack

[0248] 3a: Pack Case

[0249] 4: Insulating layer

[0250] 5: Thermal conductive resin layer

[0251] 7: Car

Claims

1. An insulating deposition material is deposited and filled into a concave portion formed in a predetermined groove shape on the bottom surface of the battery, The entire portion of the above-mentioned bottom surface forms a flat insulating layer by deposition of the above-mentioned deposition material, The battery pack is characterized in that the insulating layer is disposed on a thermally conductive resin layer applied to the bottom surface of the inside of the pack case of the battery pack in which the batteries are provided in multiples. Insulating structure of the battery pack.

2. In claim 1, The above battery is a cylindrical battery, Insulating structure of the battery pack.

3. In claim 2, The above concave portion is continuously formed along the circumferential direction on the bottom surface of the cylindrical battery. Insulating structure of the battery pack.

4. In claim 1, The above deposition material is, Silicon nitride (Si3N4) or silicon dioxide (SiO2), Insulating structure of the battery pack.

5. In claim 4, The above deposition is performed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of the silicon nitride. Insulating structure of the battery pack.

6. In claim 5, The above chemical vapor deposition is, One selected from low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), and thermal chemical vapor deposition (Thermal CVD). Insulating structure of the battery pack.

7. In claim 1, The above deposition is performed through physical vapor deposition (PVD) of the above deposition material. Insulating structure of the battery pack.

8. In claim 7, The above physical vapor deposition is an electron-beam evaporation method. Insulating structure of the battery pack.

9. In claim 8, The deposition material deposited by the above electron beam evaporation method is, Any one selected from among aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), silver (Ag), tungsten (W), indium tin oxide (ITO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), zinc oxide (ZnO), hafnium oxide (HfO2), titanium carbide (TiC), silicon carbide (SiC), titanium nitride (TiN), silicon nitride (Si3N4), aluminum nitride (AlN), titanium diboride (TiB2), titanium disilicide (TiSi2), and carbon (C). Insulating structure of the battery pack.

10. In claim 1, The above thermally conductive resin layer is a thermal resin including silicone, urethane, and epoxy resin. Insulating structure of the battery pack.

11. A battery pack comprising an insulating structure of a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A means of transportation comprising a battery pack according to claim 11.

Images