Process for preparing ganoderma lucidum extract

Abstract

A process for preparing a low-plasticizer low-pesticide residue Ganoderma lucidum extract, comprising the steps of use of a Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body as a starting material, acid-water rinsing pretreatment, pulverization, composite enzyme coupling thermal extraction, filtration, column chromatography, use of an oxidant to remove plasticizer and pesticide residues, reverse osmosis membrane concentration, sterilization, spray drying, pulverization, sieving, granulation, etc. The starting material pretreatment and composite enzymatic hydrolysis coupling thermal extraction techniques can improve the leaching rate of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoid and polysaccharide active ingredients. The active ingredient protection and application techniques during concentration can remove impurities to increase purity, eliminating the bitter taste of the Ganoderma lucidum extract. The oxidant can remove plasticizer and pesticide residues. The chromatography column adsorption and elution apparatus is optimized. The device is clamped by means of a clamping mechanism, and a snap-mounting mechanism assists in snap-mounting the device. In the process of subjecting the device to liquid storage by means of an adjustment apparatus, a driving apparatus is started to perform a closing adjustment on the adjustment apparatus, and the device is sealed by means of a sealing apparatus, so that the experimental convenience of the device and the efficiency of separation and purification can be improved.

Description

Preparation process of ganoderma extract TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of natural product processing, and particularly relates to a preparation process of ganoderma extract. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ganoderma is known as "immortal grass" in traditional Chinese medicine and has played an important role in the field of traditional Chinese medicine since ancient times. Ganoderma extract is the essence extracted from ganoderma through advanced technology. It has made a qualitative leap in purity and concentration while maintaining all the medicinal effects of ganoderma, and has become a star product in the modern health industry. Its core components include ganoderma triterpenoids and ganoderma polysaccharides, which play an important role in ganoderma and are the key to exerting medicinal effects.

[0003] Literature reports that the bitterness of ganoderma mainly comes from triterpenoid acids in ganoderma. Ganoderma triterpenoids are mainly distributed in the peripheral part of ganoderma fruiting bodies. Ganoderma with high triterpenoid content generally has high bitterness. The improvement of dissolution and yield of ganoderma extract will also be accompanied by the increase of ganoderma triterpenoid acid content, resulting in the increase of bitter taste of ganoderma extract.

[0004] Traditional methods for extracting effective components of ganoderma, such as decoction, reflux, immersion, and percolation, have many shortcomings, including severe loss of medicinal materials, time-consuming extraction process, complicated process, low efficiency, etc. In addition, plastic particles enter the ganoderma plant during the cultivation process, which brings high plasticizer residues to ganoderma products, becoming a major safety hazard of ganoderma products.

[0005] Therefore, simultaneously solving the three major problems of sufficient dissolution of ganoderma effective components, improving the yield of ganoderma extract, and improving the bitter taste of ganoderma is the key technology of ganoderma extract. SUMMARY

[0006] The first object of the present application is to provide a preparation process of ganoderma extract, which can make the ganoderma extract preparation process energy-saving, automatic control and steady-state process production.

[0007] The second object of the present application is to provide an extraction method of ganoderma extract, which can make the ganoderma effective components fully dissolved, improve the yield of ganoderma extract, and improve the bitter taste of ganoderma.

[0008] The third object of the present application is to optimize the elution equipment of the chromatography column, so as to improve the convenience and separation and purification efficiency of the experimental equipment.

[0009] The first object of the present application is achieved by the following technical scheme:

[0010] A preparation process of ganoderma extract, comprising the following steps:

[0011] A, ganoderma pretreatment: the ganoderma raw material is rinsed 3 times with acid water with pH 3 to remove residual dust and plastic particles, the pulverized ganoderma is treated by a composite enzyme coupling hot extraction technology to obtain an extract of effective components of the ganoderma powder;

[0012] B, the extract is filtered through two layers of filter membranes to obtain a permeate;

[0013] C, the permeate is subjected to column chromatography, and an oxidizing agent is used to treat the material to remove residual plasticizers, thereby obtaining an eluate;

[0014] D, the eluate is introduced into a concentration device with a reverse osmosis membrane, and propylene glycol and glycerol with a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1.5 are added during the concentration process to remove excess impurities, so as to increase the content of triterpenes, the active components of ganoderma, and the concentration process is carried out under pressure until the density of the effluent reaches 1.00-1.10 g / cm, and the eluate is obtained after removing part of the solvent;

[0015] E, the sterilization temperature of the concentrated extract is controlled at 120.0±10.0℃, and the sterilization time is controlled at 15-30min; F, the sterilized concentrated extract is subjected to spray drying under the action of hot air, and the inlet and outlet temperatures are 170℃±10℃ and 90℃±10℃ respectively, and the dried solid product is collected;

[0016] G, granulation: the ganoderma extract powder is pulverized and combined after sieving.

[0017] The second object of the application is achieved by the following technical scheme:

[0018] The ganoderma extraction of step A adopts a composite enzyme coupling hot extraction technology, and the specific operation is as follows: the pulverized ganoderma powder is added into a leaching tank and water is added; the temperature is raised to 40-50℃, and biological composite enzymes including cellulase, hemicellulase, chitosanase and pectinase are added, and the enzyme hydrolysis time is 2-5h; the total amount of biological enzymes is 0.3-0.8% of the initial material amount; the material after leaching and enzyme hydrolysis is stirred and heated, and the temperature is controlled at 80-100℃, and the leaching time is 1-4h to obtain a leaching solution; the residue is repeatedly leached once or more times, and the leaching solutions are combined to obtain the ganoderma extract.

[0019] As preferred, the raw material is subjected to enzymolysis by using a complex enzyme to simultaneously perform enzymolysis on multiple substances within a fixed time, improve the enzymolysis efficiency, and break the cell wall of Ganoderma lucidum. The complex enzyme includes cellulase, hemicellulase, papain, pectinase, and chitosanase. The cellulase can cut the cellulose in the cell wall, the chitosanase can enzymolysis chitin, and the hemicellulase can destroy the hemicellulose in the cell wall. The complex enzymolysis can sufficiently destroy the cell wall, improve the mass transfer specific surface area, and make the cell wall loose, so that the target components can diffuse into the solvent body, thereby overcoming the main contradiction affecting the extraction efficiency.

[0020] Further, the hot extraction is used for multiple times of leaching. Maintaining a certain degree of high temperature during the extraction process is helpful for the dissolution of the effective components of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0021] The complex enzyme coupled with the hot extraction technology selected in the process is green and pollution-free, does not use organic solvents, is safe, and improves the product yield.

[0022] The filtration of step B uses a method of using a primary filter membrane and a secondary filter membrane in combination. Specifically, the Ganoderma lucidum extract is filtered through a primary filter membrane to obtain a retentate I and a permeate. The primary filter membrane is a ceramic membrane with a pore size of 10-20 nm. The obtained permeate is filtered through a secondary filter membrane to obtain a retentate II. The secondary filter membrane is a nanofiltration membrane with a pore size of 0.5-2 nm. The retentate I and the retentate II are combined to obtain a filtrate.

[0023] As preferred, the primary filter membrane is a ceramic membrane, which can effectively separate the water, inorganic salts, and small molecule substances from the macromolecular substances. The secondary filter membrane is a nanofiltration membrane, which has excellent effects of desalination and removal of heavy metal ions. The ceramic membrane and the nanofiltration membrane have the advantages of high separation rate, stable effect, good chemical stability, resistance to acid and alkali, resistance to high temperature, good regeneration performance, simple operation and maintenance, long service life, and the like. They are used for the Ganoderma lucidum extract to have excellent effects of removal of heavy metal ions and desalination. The extraction and purification effect is poor only by using the primary filter membrane. Although the extraction and purification effect is not reduced only by using the secondary filter membrane, the working time is longer, and the filter membrane is seriously consumed. Therefore, the method of using the primary filter membrane and the secondary filter membrane in combination is the most preferred.

[0024] In step C, the column chromatography method in the chromatography is used to purify and separate the sample solution. Specifically, an eluent is added to a macroporous adsorption resin chromatographic column to perform isocratic elution on the sample solution. The eluent is selected from a 94-96 wt% ethanol-water solution. The ratio of the eluent to the sample is 400-1000 mL:1 g. The flow rate of the eluent is 0.5-0.8 mL / min.

[0025] As preferred, the filler in the macroporous adsorption resin chromatographic column is D101 filler, which is essentially a non-polar copolymer of styrene; this type of filler has high adsorption capacity, uniform particles, good mechanical strength, is not easy to break and has less residue, and has good selectivity for organic matter; it can desalt the sample.

[0026] Further, an eluent is added to the macroporous adsorption resin chromatographic column, and the sample solution is isocratically eluted; in consideration of cost and separation effect, the eluent is preferably a 95wt% ethanol-water solution.

[0027] Further, the ratio of the eluent to the sample is 800mL:1g, and the flow rate of the eluent is 0.65mL / min; under this ratio and flow rate, the separation effect and extraction rate of the active ingredient are both optimal.

[0028] The column chromatography method of step C uses a chromatography column adsorption and elution device, which includes a fixed clamping layer, a sample collection layer, and an automatic sample loading device; in use, the fixed clamping layer and the sample collection layer are provided with multiple channels, and multiple chromatography columns can be used simultaneously; according to the type of the chromatography column, the height of the fixed clamping layer and the position of the fixed clamp can be adjusted; the sample or eluent is poured into a marshall bottle, the height of the automatic lifting platform is adjusted, the liquid level position in the chromatography column is controlled, the equipment is clamped through a clamping mechanism, the equipment is auxiliary clamped through a clamping mechanism, the equipment is stored in liquid through an adjusting device, the adjusting device is closed and adjusted by starting a driving device, and the equipment is sealed through a sealing device, so as to improve the convenience of the experiment and the separation and purification efficiency.

[0029] In step C, an oxidizing agent (hydrogen peroxide or laccase, etc.) is used to treat the material under certain conditions to remove residual plasticizers.

[0030] In step D, the concentration is carried out by a three-stage reverse osmosis membrane, specifically including: the inlet and outlet pressure difference of the one-stage, two-stage and three-stage membrane circulation of the concentration device is controlled at 10-25bar, the filter bag of the security filter has a filtering precision of 5-15μm, and the concentrated solution is obtained; 1.0-3.0% of sodium bicarbonate is added to the concentrated solution according to the soluble solid content, fully dissolved, stirred for 30-45min, the pH of the material is adjusted to 5.3-6.7, and the concentration of the concentrated solution is controlled at 10-15Brix.

[0031] As preferred, the inlet and outlet pressure difference of the one-stage, two-stage and three-stage membrane circulation of the concentration device is controlled at 20bar, the filter bag of the security filter has a filtering precision of 10μm, and the concentrated solution is obtained; 2.0% of sodium bicarbonate is added to the concentrated solution according to the soluble solid content, fully dissolved, stirred for 30min, the pH of the material is adjusted to 6.0, and the concentration of the concentrated solution is 10Brix.

[0032] The active ingredient protection and application technology is used in step D, propylene glycol and glycerol with a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1.5 are added in the concentration process to take away the excess impurities, so that the content of the active ingredient triterpene of Ganoderma lucidum is improved, and the bitter taste of the Ganoderma lucidum extract is removed.

[0033] Preferably, propylene glycol and glycerol with a mass ratio of 1:1 are added in the concentration process to take away the excess impurities, improve the content of the active ingredient triterpene of Ganoderma lucidum, and remove the bitter taste of the Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0034] In step E, the sterilization temperature of the concentrated extract is controlled at 120.0±10.0 DEG C, and the sterilization time is controlled at 15-30 min.

[0035] Preferably, the concentrated extract is sterilized at 120.0 DEG C for 20 min.

[0036] In step F, spray drying is performed, and the specific operation is as follows: the sterilized concentrated extract is subjected to spray drying under the action of hot air, the inlet and outlet temperatures are 170 DEG C±10 DEG C and 90 DEG C±10 DEG C respectively, and the dried solid product is collected.

[0037] Preferably, the sterilized concentrated extract is subjected to spray drying under the action of hot air, the inlet and outlet temperatures are 170 DEG C and 90 DEG C respectively, and the dried solid product is collected.

[0038] In step G, granulation includes crushing, sieving, mixing and the like, and the specific operation is as follows: the collected dried solid is put into a high-speed crusher for crushing, the crushing time is 30 s, and Ganoderma lucidum extraction powder is obtained; the obtained Ganoderma lucidum extraction powder is put into a standard sample sieve, the mesh is 40 meshes, and sieving is performed by using an electric vibrating sieve machine; the larger particles that do not pass through the sieve hole need to be crushed and sieved again; and the sieved Ganoderma lucidum extraction powder is combined and transferred to a mixer for mixing.

[0039] The third object of the present application is achieved by the following technical scheme:

[0040] The preparation process of the Ganoderma lucidum extract comprises the following steps: a column chromatography method is used in step C, a chromatography column adsorption and elution device is used, the device is clamped by a clamping mechanism, the device is clamped by a clamping mechanism, the device is sealed by a sealing device, and the device is closed and adjusted by a driving device.

[0041] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] 1、The present application can make the cell wall loose and broken by increasing raw material pretreatment and using complex enzyme coupled with hot extraction technology, thereby reducing the mass transfer resistance of effective components from intracellular to extraction medium and improving the leaching rate of effective components; the active component protection and application technology adds glycerol and propylene glycol to remove impurities in the concentration process, improve the content of triterpenoids in ganoderma lucidum active components, and remove the bitter taste of ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0043] 2、The application optimizes a chromatography column adsorption and elution device, which can clamp the equipment through a clamping mechanism, assist clamping of the equipment through a clamping mechanism, store liquid in the equipment through an adjusting device, close and adjust the adjusting device through a driving device, and seal the equipment through a sealing device, so as to improve the convenience and separation and purification efficiency of the equipment experiment.

[0044] 3、The present application provides a preparation process of ganoderma lucidum extract, which can save energy in the preparation process of ganoderma lucidum extract, automatically control the production process, and improve the stability of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chromatography column elution device.

[0047] In the figure, 1 is an automatic sampler, 2 is a liquid outlet, 3 is a valve, 4 is a sealing ring, 5 is a chromatography column, 6 is a frame, 7 is a clamping device, 8 is a plate rack, and 9 is a liquid collector.

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the extraction rate comparison of ganoderma lucidum.

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the comparison of two column chromatography extraction processes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present embodiment is only an explanation of the present application, and is not a limitation of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to the present embodiment without creative contribution after reading the present specification, but as long as the modifications are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] The pulverized Ganoderma lucidum powder is added to a leaching tank and water is added. The temperature is raised to 40°C, and biological complex enzymes including cellulase, hemicellulase, chitosanase, pectinase, etc. are added. The enzymolysis time is 2 hours. The total amount of biological enzymes is 0.5% of the initial material. The temperature of the leaching and enzymolysis material is controlled at 90°C, and the leaching time is 1 hour to obtain a leaching solution. The residue is repeatedly leached one or more times, and the leaching solutions are combined to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum extract. The extract is double-filtered to obtain a filtrate. The filterate is desalted using a macroporous adsorption resin chromatographic column with D101 as the filler. 800 mL of 95wt% ethanol-water solution is added to the chromatographic column as an eluent for isocratic elution at a flow rate of 0.65 mL / min. An oxidizing agent (hydrogen peroxide or laccase, etc.) is used to treat the material to remove residual plasticizers. The eluted liquid is collected and introduced into a concentration device with a reverse osmosis membrane. 10wt% glycerol and 5wt% propylene glycol equivalent to the mass of Ganoderma lucidum are added, stirred uniformly, and allowed to settle for 24 hours. The concentrated extract is obtained after pressure concentration treatment and removal of part of the solvent. The 120.0 is sterilized for 20 minutes, then spray dried, and the dry solid product is collected. The product is pulverized in a high-speed pulverizer for 30 seconds, passed through a 40-mesh sieve using an electric vibrating sieve machine, and combined with the Ganoderma lucidum extract powder to obtain the finished product.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The pulverized Ganoderma lucidum powder is added to a leaching tank and water is added. The temperature is raised to 40°C, and biological complex enzymes including cellulase, hemicellulase, chitosanase, pectinase, etc. are added. The enzymolysis time is 2 hours. The total amount of biological enzymes is 0.5% of the initial material. The temperature of the leaching and enzymolysis material is controlled at 90°C, and the leaching time is 1 hour to obtain a leaching solution. The residue is repeatedly leached one or more times, and the leaching solutions are combined to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum extract. The extract is double-filtered to obtain a filtrate. The filterate is desalted using a macroporous adsorption resin chromatographic column with D101 as the filler. 800 mL of 95wt% ethanol-water solution is added to the chromatographic column as an eluent for isocratic elution at a flow rate of 0.65 mL / min. An oxidizing agent (hydrogen peroxide or laccase, etc.) is used to treat the material to remove residual plasticizers. The eluted liquid is collected and introduced into a concentration device with a reverse osmosis membrane. The 120.0 is sterilized for 20 minutes, then spray dried, and the dry solid product is collected. The product is pulverized in a high-speed pulverizer for 30 seconds, passed through a 40-mesh sieve using an electric vibrating sieve machine, and combined with the Ganoderma lucidum extract powder to obtain the finished product.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] The pulverized Ganoderma lucidum powder is added to a leaching tank and water is added. The temperature is raised to 90°C and the mixture is stirred. After 1 hour of leaching, a leaching solution is obtained. The residue is repeatedly leached one or more times, and the leaching solutions are combined to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum extract. The extract is double-filtered to obtain a filtrate. The filtrate is desalted using a macroporous adsorption resin chromatographic column with D101 as the filler. 800 mL of 95 wt% ethanol-water solution is added to the chromatographic column as an eluent at a ratio of 1 g of the chromatographic column to 800 mL of the eluent, and isoelectric elution is performed at a flow rate of 0.65 mL / min. An oxidizing agent (hydrogen peroxide or laccase, etc.) is used to treat the material to remove residual plasticizers. The eluted liquid is collected and introduced into a concentration device with a reverse osmosis membrane. 10 wt% glycerol and 5 wt% propylene glycol are added to the concentration device, which is equivalent to 10 wt% of the mass of the Ganoderma lucidum. The mixture is stirred uniformly, left to settle for 24 hours, and then concentrated under pressure to remove part of the solvent to obtain a concentrated extract. The concentrated extract is sterilized for 20 minutes and then spray-dried to obtain a dry solid product. The product is pulverized in a high-speed pulverizer for 30 seconds, passed through a 40-mesh sieve using an electric vibrating sieve machine, and then combined with the Ganoderma lucidum extract powder to obtain the finished product.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] The pulverized Ganoderma lucidum powder is added to a leaching tank and water is added. The temperature is raised to 40°C and biological complex enzymes including cellulase, hemicellulase, chitosanase, pectinase, etc. are added. The enzyme hydrolysis time is 2 hours. The total amount of biological enzymes is 0.5% of the initial material. The material after enzyme hydrolysis is stirred at room temperature and leached for 1 hour to obtain a leaching solution. The residue is repeatedly leached one or more times, and the leaching solutions are combined to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum extract. The extract is double-filtered to obtain a filtrate. The filtrate is desalted using a macroporous adsorption resin chromatographic column with D101 as the filler. 800 mL of 95 wt% ethanol-water solution is added to the chromatographic column as an eluent at a ratio of 1 g of the chromatographic column to 800 mL of the eluent, and isoelectric elution is performed at a flow rate of 0.65 mL / min. An oxidizing agent (hydrogen peroxide or laccase, etc.) is used to treat the material to remove residual plasticizers. The eluted liquid is collected and introduced into a concentration device with a reverse osmosis membrane. 10 wt% glycerol and 5 wt% propylene glycol are added to the concentration device, which is equivalent to 10 wt% of the mass of the Ganoderma lucidum. The mixture is stirred uniformly, left to settle for 24 hours, and then concentrated under pressure to remove part of the solvent to obtain a concentrated extract. The concentrated extract is sterilized for 20 minutes and then spray-dried to obtain a dry solid product. The product is pulverized in a high-speed pulverizer for 30 seconds, passed through a 40-mesh sieve using an electric vibrating sieve machine, and then combined with the Ganoderma lucidum extract powder to obtain the finished product.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] The pulverized Ganoderma lucidum powder is added into a leaching tank and water is added; stirring is performed at room temperature, and a leaching solution is obtained after 1 h of leaching; the residue is repeatedly leached one or more times, and the leaching solutions are combined to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum extract. The extract is double-filtered to obtain a filtrate. The filtrate is desalted by using a macroporous adsorption resin chromatographic column with D101 as the filler, and 800 mL:1 g of 95 wt% ethanol-water solution is added to the chromatographic column as an eluent for isocratic elution at a flow rate of 0.65 mL / min. Meanwhile, the material is treated with an oxidizing agent (hydrogen peroxide or laccase, etc.) to remove residual plasticizers, and the eluted liquid is collected and introduced into a concentration device with a reverse osmosis membrane, and is allowed to stand for 24 h, and is concentrated under pressure to remove part of the solvent to obtain a flow-out liquid concentrate extract; after sterilization for 20 min, spray drying is performed, and the dry solid product is collected; the product is pulverized in a high-speed pulverizer for 30 s, and is passed through a 40-mesh sieve in an electric vibrating sieve machine, and the Ganoderma lucidum extract powder is combined and mixed in a mixer to obtain a finished product.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] The operation in Comparative Example 1 is repeated, wherein the column chromatography stage is replaced by solution elution of the sample filtration Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained in Comparative Example 1 in a traditional chromatographic column, and the other operations remain unchanged, and a finished product is finally obtained.

[0063] The extraction rate of Ganoderma lucidum active ingredient triterpenes in Comparative Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 can be seen from the data comparison, and it can be seen that the extraction rate of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenes in the extraction method of the present application is higher than that of the ordinary extraction method using the same weight of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body as raw material. The reason is that in the present application, the active substances in the raw material are extracted by combining enzymatic hydrolysis and heat extraction, and at the same time, cellulase, hemicellulase, chitosanase, pectinase and other biological complex enzymes are used for mixed enzymolysis during the enzymolysis process, which improves the enzymolysis effect and the extraction rate. In addition, the extract is desalted, decolorized and deproteinized by optimizing the macroporous adsorption resin chromatography elution device, and the extract is further separated and purified, which improves the purity and yield of the material.

[0064] From the extraction process data comparison of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that the optimized chromatographic column adsorption elution device improves the production convenience and separation and purification efficiency of the product equipment.

Claims

1. A process for the preparation of Ganoderma extract, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: A, Ganoderma pretreatment: using acid water to rinse Ganoderma raw materials, remove the residual dust and plastic particles, after crushing treatment of Ganoderma, through the composite enzyme coupling hot extraction technology, the extract of effective components of Ganoderma powder is obtained; B, the extract is filtered through two layers of filter membrane to obtain the permeate; C, the permeate is column chromatography, and at the same time, the material is treated with oxidizing agent to remove the residual level of plasticizer, and the eluate is obtained; D, the eluate is introduced into the concentration device with reverse osmosis membrane, and the pressure concentration treatment is carried out until the density of the effluent reaches 1.00-1.10g / cm, and then the effluent concentrate extract is obtained after removing part of the solvent; E, the sterilization temperature of the concentrate extract is controlled at 120.0±10.0℃, and the sterilization time is controlled at 15-30min; F, the sterilized concentrate extract is spray dried under the action of hot air, the inlet and outlet temperatures are 170℃±10℃ and 90℃±10℃ respectively, and the dried solid product is collected; G, granulation: the solid product is crushed to obtain Ganoderma extract powder, which is mixed after sieving.

2. The Ganoderma extract preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, A, Ganoderma pretreatment: using acid water with pH 3 to rinse Ganoderma raw materials 3 times, remove the residual dust and plastic particles, after crushing treatment of Ganoderma, through the composite enzyme coupling hot extraction technology, the extract of effective components of Ganoderma powder is obtained; The Ganoderma extraction of step A uses composite enzyme coupling hot extraction technology, and the specific operation is as follows: the crushed Ganoderma powder is added into the extraction tank, water is added; the temperature is raised to 40-50℃, biological composite enzymes including cellulase, hemicellulase, chitosanase and pectinase are added, and the enzyme hydrolysis time is 2-5h; the total amount of biological enzymes is 0.3-0.8% of the initial material amount; the material after enzyme hydrolysis is stirred and heated to 80-100℃, and the extraction time is 1-4h to obtain a first extract; the residue is repeatedly extracted one or more times, and the extract of each time is combined to obtain the Ganoderma extract.

3. The Ganoderma extract preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration of step B uses the method of using primary filter membrane and secondary filter membrane in combination, and the specific operation is as follows: the Ganoderma extract is filtered through the primary filter membrane to obtain the interception liquid I and the permeate, and the primary filter membrane is ceramic membrane with pore size of 10-20nm; the obtained permeate is filtered through the secondary filter membrane to obtain the interception liquid II, and the secondary filter membrane is nanofiltration membrane with pore size of 0.5-2nm; the interception liquid I and the interception liquid II are combined to obtain the filtrate.

4. The Ganoderma extract preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column chromatography method in chromatography is used for purifying and separating the sample solution in step C, and the specific operation is as follows: the eluent is added to the macroporous adsorption resin chromatographic column, and the sample solution is isocratically eluted; the eluent is selected from 94-96wt% ethanol-water solution, the ratio of eluent to sample is 400-1000mL:1g, and the flow rate of eluent is 0.5-0.8mL / min; the oxidizing agent of step C is hydrogen peroxide or laccase.

5. The Ganoderma extract preparation process according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The column chromatography method of step C adopts a chromatography column adsorption and elution device, which comprises a fixed clamping layer, a sample collection layer and an automatic sample loading and elution device; in use, the fixed clamping layer and the sample collection layer are provided with multiple channels, multiple chromatography columns can be used for operation at the same time, and according to the model of the chromatography column, the height of the fixed clamping layer and the position of the fixed clamp can be adjusted; the sample or the eluent is poured into a marshall bottle, the height of the automatic lifting platform is adjusted, the liquid level position in the chromatography column is controlled, the equipment is clamped through a clamping mechanism, the equipment is auxiliary clamped through a clamping mechanism, the equipment is stored in liquid through an adjusting device, the adjusting device is closed and adjusted through a driving device, and the equipment is sealed through a sealing device, so as to improve the convenience of equipment experiment and the separation and purification efficiency.

6. The ganoderma extract preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step D, the three-stage reverse osmosis membrane concentration is specifically as follows: the inlet and outlet pressure difference of the one-stage, two-stage and three-stage membrane circulation of the concentration device is controlled to be 10-25 bar, the filter bag of the security filter has a filtering precision of 5-15 μm, and the concentrated solution is obtained; sodium bicarbonate with a soluble solid content of 1.0-3.0% is added to the concentrated solution, fully dissolved, the stirring time is 30-45 min, the pH of the material is adjusted to 5.3-6.7, and the concentration of the concentrated solution is controlled to be 10-15 Brix.

7. The preparation process of Ganoderma extract according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, In step D, the active ingredient protection and application technology is used, and propylene glycol and glycerol with a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1.5 are added in the concentration process to take away the excess impurities, so as to improve the content of the active ingredient triterpene of Ganoderma lucidum and remove the bitter taste of the Ganoderma lucidum extract.

8. The Ganoderma extract preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step F, the spray drying is specifically as follows: the sterilized concentrated extract is subjected to spray drying under the action of hot air, the inlet and outlet temperatures are respectively 170℃±10℃ and 90℃±10℃, and the dried solid product is collected.

9. The ganoderma extract preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step G, the granulation comprises crushing, sieving, mixing and the like, and is specifically as follows: the collected dried solid is put into a high-speed crusher for crushing, the crushing time is 20-60 s, and the Ganoderma lucidum extraction powder is obtained; the obtained Ganoderma lucidum extraction powder is put into a standard sample sieve, the sieve mesh is 40 mesh, and the sieving is performed by using an electric vibrating sieve machine; the larger particles that do not pass through the sieve hole need to be crushed and sieved again; and the sieved Ganoderma lucidum extraction powder is combined and transferred to a mixer for mixing.

10. A Ganoderma lucidum extract product prepared by the preparation method of the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to any one of claims 1-9.

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