Mold allowing for rapid positioning, and mold-based creep-age forming method

Abstract

A mold allowing for rapid positioning, and a mold-based creep-age forming method. A blank sheet is placed on a concave mold surface, and a positioning boss of the blank sheet is fitted to a positioning structure for rapid positioning; a high-temperature sealant is pasted on at least two spaced locations around a flange, a breathable felt is laid on the surface of the blank sheet, and a vacuum bag and the breathable felt are respectively pasted on the high-temperature sealant at different locations of the mold flange; and after the breathable felt and the vacuum bag are pasted, a vacuum nozzle is placed to implement direct vacuumization. The risk of breakage of the vacuum bag is effectively reduced. By means of the method, parts can be rapidly positioned, personnel operations can be reduced, high-precision forming can be achieved, batch forming with high consistency can be achieved, and high heat transfer efficiency can be achieved.

Description

A rapid positioning mold and a creep aging forming method based on the mold Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace technology and relates to a rapid positioning mold and a creep aging forming method based on the mold. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the aerospace industry, large integral sheet metal structural components, possessing advantages such as high structural integrity, high precision, and high strength, are increasingly used in important structural components of next-generation aircraft. Achieving precise and efficient manufacturing of large integral panel components is one of the key technologies for the development of the aerospace industry. Traditional sheet metal manufacturing processes, characterized by low efficiency, are gradually becoming inadequate for the heavy workload of scientific research and production, as well as the high-density launch requirements of aerospace products. Therefore, it is necessary to find new high-precision and high-efficiency forming methods. Among these, creep aging forming technology is a new technology developed to achieve integral forming of sheet metal structural components. It utilizes the creep characteristics of metals to simultaneously perform structural component forming and aging strengthening.

[0003] Aerospace structural components require high forming precision. Sheet metal structural components, such as ribbed panels, are manufactured using creep aging forming. However, this process suffers from several drawbacks. The parts are placed directly on the die surface without any positioning design, resulting in poor straightness of the generatrix and perpendicularity to the end face, as well as inconsistent overall forming quality during mass production. Furthermore, an inadequate die base support structure design affects heat transfer during creep aging forming, impacting the forming temperature and leading to poor forming precision. Additionally, vacuuming under pneumatic loading requires multiple operators to pull the vacuum bag, and the bag is prone to rupture and leakage during testing, causing test failures, high labor costs, and low forming efficiency. These issues severely impact the subsequent welding precision and overall production efficiency of the structural components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a rapid positioning mold and a creep aging forming method based on the mold.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solutions:

[0006] A quick positioning mold includes a concave mold surface, a wedge-shaped hollow rib, a concave mold side plate, and a flange. The concave mold side plate is located on the side of the concave mold surface, and a positioning structure is provided on the concave mold side plate. The positioning structure matches the positioning boss of the blank material. The wedge-shaped hollow rib is located at the bottom of the concave mold surface to fix the concave mold surface. The flange is located around the concave mold surface.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the wedge-shaped hollow rib plate is provided with air circulation holes.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the concave mold surface and the concave mold side plate are integrally machined.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, two high-temperature sealants are applied around the flange.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the positioning structure is clearance-fitted with the positioning boss of the blank sheet.

[0011] This invention also discloses a creep aging forming method based on a mold, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1. The blank sheet is placed on the concave mold surface, and the positioning boss of the blank sheet is placed in conjunction with the positioning structure for quick positioning.

[0013] S2. Apply high-temperature sealant around the flange, lay breathable felt on the surface of the blank plate, and attach the vacuum bag and breathable felt to the high-temperature sealant at different positions of the mold flange.

[0014] S3. After attaching the breathable felt and vacuum bag, place the vacuum nozzle to directly create a vacuum.

[0015] In this invention, during vacuuming, the breathable felt will not slide completely to the bottom as the blank sheet descends, preventing the vacuum bag on the side plate of the concave mold from being easily punctured or torn. This placement and operation method can prevent the blank sheet from slipping in the generatrical direction and perpendicular to the generatrical direction during vacuuming, ensuring stable downward pressure to fit the mold. It also prevents the vacuum bag and breathable felt from being sucked between the sheet and the concave mold surface, which could lead to poor forming accuracy or bag breakage. The entire vacuuming process does not require multiple people to pull the vacuum bag; vacuuming can be performed directly to achieve sheet fitting to the mold surface. Simultaneously, the wedge-shaped hollow rib design of the mold base can reduce weight and improve heat transfer efficiency during creep aging forming.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] This invention solves the problems of part forming accuracy and preventing vacuum bags from easily breaking. The mold structure design and forming method enable rapid forming and positioning of parts in creep aging forming processes, reducing manual operation, achieving high-precision forming, high consistency in batch forming, and high heat transfer efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blank plate;

[0019] Figure 2 is a 3D view of the rapid positioning mold;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the rapid positioning mold structure;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the rapid positioning mold.

[0022] In the diagram: 1 - Raw plate; 2 - Flange; 3 - Concave mold surface; 4 - Wedge-shaped hollow rib plate; 5 - Concave mold side plate; 6 - High-temperature sealant. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0025] Example:

[0026] A ribbed aluminum alloy flat sheet with dimensions of 650×800mm and a thickness of 5mm is used to form a quarter-ribbed wall panel of an 810mm diameter box using creep aging forming technology. The creep aging precision forming process is as follows:

[0027] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the die side plate 5 is designed with a semi-circular positioning structure on the plate surface with a radius of 15mm to prevent the sheet material from slipping along the generatrix direction or perpendicular to the generatrix direction during vacuuming. The flange height is 30mm higher than the initial placement of the sheet material on the die surface, and the distance between the two die side plates is 800mm. The die support base is designed with wedge-shaped hollow ribs and air vents to reduce the weight of the die and improve the heat transfer efficiency of the die during creep forming. The die surface 3 and flange 2, the die side plate 5 and flange 2, and the semi-circular positioning structure are smoothly transitioned with rounded corners. The die surface 3 and die side plate 5 are integrally machined.

[0028] The operating method is as follows: The positioning boss on the blank sheet 1 is fitted with the semi-circular positioning structure on the side plate 5 of the concave mold with clearance; the blank sheet is placed on the concave mold surface, and the plate boss and the semi-circular positioning structure are fitted together for quick positioning; then, two rounds of high-temperature sealant 6 are applied continuously; a breathable felt is laid on the surface of the sheet, with sufficient allowance left, as shown at positions A and B on the flange in Figure 4 (as long as it does not affect the positioning structure), with a 20mm interval between the two bonding positions, and sufficient breathable felt is left between positions A and B, and the breathable felt is pressed and pasted to position B. After pasting the breathable felt and vacuum bag, and placing the vacuum nozzle, vacuuming can be done directly. During the process, there is no need for multiple people to pull the vacuum bag, and the breathable felt covers the entire vacuuming surface. Due to the fixation of the breathable felt, it is not easy for the bag to break, achieving high-precision and rapid positioning of the sheet to fit the mold surface, resulting in good part forming effect, high consistency in batch forming, and convenient and simple operation of the process, which improves the heat transfer efficiency in the experiment.

[0029] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any new feature or combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process step or combination disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A rapid positioning mold, characterized in that: It includes a concave mold surface, a wedge-shaped hollow rib plate, a concave mold side plate and a flange. The concave mold side plate is located on the side of the concave mold surface. The concave mold side plate is provided with a positioning structure that matches the positioning boss of the blank plate. The wedge-shaped hollow rib plate is located at the bottom of the concave mold surface to fix the concave mold surface. The flange is located around the concave mold surface.

2. The rapid positioning mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge-shaped hollow rib plate is provided with air circulation holes.

3. The rapid positioning mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave mold surface and the concave mold side plate are integrally machined.

4. The rapid positioning mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: High-temperature sealant is applied around the flange.

5. A rapid positioning mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning structure is clearance-fitted with the positioning boss of the blank sheet.

6. A creep aging forming method based on the mold described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The blank sheet is placed on the concave mold surface, and the positioning boss of the blank sheet is placed in conjunction with the positioning structure for quick positioning. S2. Apply high-temperature sealant around the flange at intervals, lay breathable felt on the surface of the blank plate, and attach vacuum bags and breathable felt to the high-temperature sealant at different positions of the mold flange. S3. After attaching the breathable felt and vacuum bag, place the vacuum nozzle to directly create a vacuum.

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