Spectral sensing module

Abstract

A spectral sensing module, relating to the field of optical sensors. The spectral sensing module comprises a housing (400), a transmitting end assembly, and a receiving end assembly (300), wherein the housing (400) has an accommodating cavity, and the housing (400) is provided with a transmitting port (410) and a receiving port (420), which are each in communication with the accommodating cavity; the transmitting end assembly and the receiving end assembly (300) are disposed inside the cavity and correspond to the transmitting port (410) and the receiving port (420), respectively; the transmitting end assembly comprises a light source assembly (100) and a spectral modulator (200); a light input port group of the spectral modulator (200) is coupled to a light source assembly (100), and a light output port group of the spectral modulator (200) is configured to transmit a modulated optical signal from the transmitting port (410) toward an object to be detected which is located between the transmitting port (410) and the receiving port (420); the receiving end assembly (300) is used for receiving, from the receiving port (420), an optical signal to be measured from said object; and the optical signal to be measured is either reflected light or transmitted light of the modulated optical signal. The spectral sensing module has the advantages of a small size and a high resolution.

Description

A spectral sensing module Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of optical sensors, specifically to a spectral sensing module. Background Technology

[0002] Near-infrared spectroscopy is an important tool for analyzing the composition of substances, and it is widely used in rapid detection of substances and online monitoring in industrial production. Furthermore, the non-invasive detection of human biological information such as blood lactate and blood glucose concentrations using near-infrared spectroscopy is an emerging detection technology with high demand for large-scale applications.

[0003] Current micro spectrometer modules mainly include diffraction grating dispersive micro spectrometer modules and tunable MEMS FP filter micro spectrometer modules. These two types of modules are based on different technical principles and can realize the spectral analysis of substances.

[0004] A diffraction grating dispersive optical instrument is an optical instrument based on the principle of diffraction grating dispersion. It decomposes incident light into monochromatic light of different wavelengths through a diffraction grating, thereby achieving spectral analysis. The fine lines of the diffraction grating enable high-resolution spectral analysis, accurately distinguishing different wavelengths of light. By selecting appropriate gratings and sensors, measurements can be performed across a wide spectral range from ultraviolet to infrared, adapting to various application needs such as substance identification and concentration measurement. However, it is relatively large in size, and its wavelength resolution is limited by the grating's dispersive capability, while the number of wavelength points is limited by device size and cost. Therefore, it cannot meet the needs of smart wearable applications.

[0005] The tunable MEMS FP filter is an advanced spectral analysis device that combines Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology with the Fabry-Perot (FP) filter principle. The working principle of the tunable MEMS FP filter miniature spectrometer module is based on the Fabry-Perot interference principle. Specifically, when light is incident perpendicularly between two flat mirrors in the module, it is reflected back and forth between the two mirrors, forming multiple light waves with equal optical path differences. When the FP cavity length changes, the position and number of interference fringes also change, thus achieving light filtering. By precisely controlling the change in the FP cavity length, selective transmission or reflection of light of different wavelengths can be achieved, thereby realizing spectral analysis. Miniature spectrometer modules implemented using MEMS technology are small in size and light in weight, and are easy to integrate into various portable or field measurement devices. However, because it is a single FP resonant cavity, its wavelength resolution is relatively low and cannot meet the requirements of high-resolution applications.

[0006] To address the above issues, there is an urgent need to develop a small-sized and high-resolution spectral sensing module.

[0007] Utility Model Content

[0008] This invention aims to address one of the technical problems in related technologies to a certain extent. To this end, this invention provides a spectral sensing module with the advantages of small size and high resolution, which can be integrated into various portable and wearable devices to meet various high-resolution application requirements.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A spectral sensing module includes a housing, a transmitter assembly, and a receiver assembly. The housing has a receiving cavity, and the housing has a transmitter port and a receiver port respectively communicating with the receiving cavity. The transmitter assembly and the receiver assembly are disposed within the cavity, corresponding to the transmitter port and the receiver port respectively. The transmitter assembly includes a light source assembly and a spectral modulator. The optical input port group of the spectral modulator is coupled to the light source assembly, and the optical output port group of the spectral modulator is used to transmit a modulated light signal from the transmitter port to a target object located between the transmitter port and the receiver port. The receiver assembly is used to receive a target light signal from the target object from the receiver port. The target light signal is one of the reflected light and the transmitted light of the modulated light signal.

[0011] Optionally, the light source assembly includes at least one superluminescent diode module; the optical input port group of the spectral modulator includes at least one optical input port corresponding to the superluminescent diode module, and the superluminescent diode module is coupled to the optical input port of the spectral modulator.

[0012] Optionally, the light source assembly includes multiple superluminescent diode modules with different wavelengths; the optical input port group of the spectral modulator includes multiple optical input ports, each optical input port corresponding to a multiple superluminescent diode module, and each of the multiple superluminescent diode modules is coupled to its corresponding optical input port.

[0013] Optionally, the light source assembly includes multiple superluminescent diode modules with different wavelength bands, and the optical input port group of the spectral modulator includes one optical input port; the transmitter assembly also includes a wavelength division multiplexing element disposed between the light source assembly and the spectral modulator; the multiple superluminescent diode modules are coupled to the optical input port through the wavelength division multiplexing element.

[0014] Optionally, the wavelength division multiplexing element includes a Z-block component, which has multiple filters, and the multiple filters correspond to multiple superluminescent diode modules.

[0015] Optionally, the spectral modulator includes multiple cascaded tunable filter structures; the tunable filter structure includes one of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure, a microring resonator structure, a photonic crystal structure, and a Bragg grating structure.

[0016] Optionally, the transmitter assembly further includes a first lens assembly disposed between the light source assembly and the spectral modulator. The first lens assembly corresponds to the light source assembly, and the optical signal of the light source assembly is coupled to the corresponding optical input port through the corresponding first lens assembly.

[0017] Optionally, the housing has opposing sidewalls, the transmitter assembly and receiver assembly are respectively fixed on one of the sidewalls, and the transmitter port and receiver port are disposed on the other opposing sidewall; a steering mirror is provided between the transmitter assembly and the transmitter port, and between the receiver port and the receiver assembly.

[0018] Optionally, a partition is provided in the receiving cavity, the two sides of which are respectively connected to two opposite side walls of the outer shell, dividing the receiving cavity into two chambers; the transmitting end assembly and the receiving end assembly are respectively disposed in the corresponding chambers; the partition forms a shield between the transmitting port and the receiving port.

[0019] Optionally, the sidewall of the housing is provided with multiple pads of different thicknesses, and the multiple pads are located on the same sidewall of the housing; each optical element of the transmitter assembly and receiver assembly is respectively disposed on the corresponding pad.

[0020] Optionally, a collimating lens assembly is provided between the output port group of the spectral modulator and the steering mirror; the collimating lens assembly is used to collimate the modulated optical signal.

[0021] Optionally, the transmitting port and the receiving port are respectively provided with corresponding transparent sealing elements.

[0022] Optionally, the transmitter assembly further includes a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor is disposed within the receiving cavity and is used to detect the temperature of one of the light source assembly and the spectral modulator.

[0023] These features and advantages of this utility model will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments or means of this utility model will be shown in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the technical solutions of this utility model. In addition, each of these features, elements and components appearing in the following text and drawings is multiple and is labeled with different symbols or numbers for convenience, but all represent parts with the same or similar structure or function. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spectral sensing module described in some embodiments.

[0026] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the spectral sensing module described in Figure 1 along the horizontal direction.

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spectral sensing module described in some embodiments, showing the direct coupling between the light source component and the spectral modulator.

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spectral sensing module described in some embodiments, showing the double-lens structure of the first lens assembly between the light source assembly and the spectral modulator.

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spectral sensing module in some embodiments, showing multiple input ports of the light source component and the spectral modulator.

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spectral sensing module described in some embodiments, showing multiple superluminescent light-emitting diode modules and wavelength division multiplexing elements.

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the wavelength division multiplexing principle of the Z-block component.

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spectral sensing module described in some embodiments, illustrating the implementation of multiple wavelength division multiplexing elements.

[0033] Among them, 100 is the light source assembly; 110 is the superluminescent diode module; 200 is the spectral modulator; 300 is the receiver assembly; 400 is the housing; 410 is the transmitter port; 420 is the receiver port; 430 is the separator; 440 is the pad; 450 is the transparent seal; 460 is the substrate; 500 is the first lens assembly; 600 is the collimating lens assembly; 700 is the wavelength division multiplexing element; 800 is the steering mirror; and 900 is the temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described are intended to explain this utility model and should not be construed as limiting it.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more, and "several" means one or more.

[0038] The terms "an embodiment," "example," or "trademark" used in this specification refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment itself that may be included in at least one embodiment disclosed in this utility model. The phrase "in an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0039] Example:

[0040] Figure 1 shows a spectral sensing module, which includes a housing 400, a transmitter assembly, and a receiver assembly 300.

[0041] The outer casing 400 has a receiving cavity, and the outer casing 400 is provided with a transmitting port 410 and a receiving port 420 respectively communicating with the receiving cavity, and the transmitting port 410 and the receiving port 420 are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0042] The transmitting and receiving components 300 are respectively disposed within the cavity corresponding to the transmitting port 410 and the receiving port 420. The transmitting component includes a light source component 100 and a spectral modulator 200. The optical input port group of the spectral modulator 200 is optically coupled to the light source component 100, and the optical output port group of the spectral modulator 200 is used to transmit a modulated light signal from the transmitting port 410 to the object to be tested located between the transmitting and receiving ports. The receiving component 300 is used to receive a test light signal from the object to be tested from the receiving port 420. The test light signal is either reflected light or transmitted light from the modulated light signal. Specifically, after the modulated light signal illuminates the surface of the object to be tested, the reflected or transmitted light can be selectively received depending on the positions of the transmitting and receiving ports. When the transmitting and receiving ports are oriented in the same direction, i.e., they are located on the same side of the object under test, the light signal to be measured is reflected light; when the transmitting and receiving ports are oriented in opposite directions, i.e., they are located in two opposite directions of the object under test, the light signal to be measured is transmitted light.

[0043] The light source component and the spectral modulator of the transmitter are set together. The light signal emitted by the light source component can enter the spectral modulator and be modulated. Then, it is emitted outward from the light output port group of the spectral modulator. After the modulated light signal encounters the object under test between the transmitter and receiver, part of the light that is reflected and transmitted will be received by the receiver component from the receiver, thereby obtaining the corresponding detection light signal, that is, the input light signal of the receiver component.

[0044] The spectral sensing module in this scheme is based on the principle of computational reconstruction spectrometer (or convolutional spectrometer). Its spectral modulator is an optical waveguide filter chip, which can modulate the optical signal as needed to obtain the information required for the spectral reconstruction matrix. The spectral modulator includes multiple cascaded tunable filter structures, such as microring resonators, Mach-Zehnder interferometers, photonic crystal structures, and Bragg grating filters. Multiple cascaded tunable filter structures can employ a single type of tunable filter structure, such as six cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers; or they can be a combination of two or more different types of tunable filter structures, such as alternating cascades of three Mach-Zehnder interferometers and three microring resonators to form six cascades. The tunable filter structure has a phase modulator, and different combinations are achieved through different phase modulators. The multiple cascaded tunable filter structures and the information required to obtain the spectral reconstruction matrix through tuning of these structures are existing technologies and will not be detailed here.

[0045] Because this spectral sensing module utilizes the principle of computational reconstruction spectrometers, it boasts high resolution. Furthermore, the spectral modulator can employ multiple cascaded tunable filter structures and achieve electrical modulation using a phase modulator, eliminating the need for mechanical structures. Therefore, compared to existing diffraction grating dispersive micro-spectrometer modules that utilize rotating grating structures and tunable MEMS FP filter modules incorporating microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), the spectral modulator can be made into an optical chip, further enabling the coupling of light source components and thus miniaturizing the overall size.

[0046] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the light source assembly 100 includes at least one superluminescent diode module 110. When the light source assembly 100 uses a superluminescent diode module 110, its wavelength band should be sufficiently wide to meet the requirements for detecting the analyte. Correspondingly, the optical input port group of the spectral modulator 200 includes at least one optical input port corresponding to the superluminescent diode module 110, and the superluminescent diode module 110 is coupled to the optical input port of the spectral modulator 200.

[0047] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the light source assembly 100 includes multiple superluminescent diode modules 110 with different wavelength bands. Through the combination of multiple superluminescent diode modules with different wavelength bands, the optical input port group of the spectral modulator 200 includes multiple optical input ports, each corresponding to a multiple superluminescent diode module 110, and each superluminescent diode module 110 is coupled to its corresponding optical input port.

[0048] Multiple superluminescent diode (SLED) modules of different wavelength bands are coupled into the same spectral modulator. Within the spectral modulator, the combined waveforms of the SLED modules in different wavelength bands are combined to achieve a spectral sensing module with a relatively wide spectrum. Furthermore, multiple spectral modulators can be used, each corresponding to multiple SLED modules, thereby achieving an even wider spectrum spectral sensing module.

[0049] For example, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, multiple superluminescent diode modules of different wavelengths are coupled into the same spectral modulator, where wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is performed. A single superluminescent diode module can meet the requirements of a spectral sensing module with an operating spectral width of approximately 100 nm. WDM multiplexing of three superluminescent diode modules of different wavelengths can meet the requirements of a spectral sensing module with an operating spectral width of approximately 300 nm.

[0050] In some embodiments, the light source assembly 100 includes multiple superluminescent diode modules 110 with different wavelength bands, and the optical input port group of the spectral modulator 200 includes one optical input port. As shown in FIG6, the transmitter assembly further includes a wavelength division multiplexing element 700 disposed between the light source assembly 100 and the spectral modulator 200. The multiple superluminescent diode modules 110 are coupled to the optical input port through the wavelength division multiplexing element 700. The wavelength division multiplexing element 700 is a spatial light thin-film filter.

[0051] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, the wavelength division multiplexing element 700 includes a Z-block component, such as a Z-block thin-film filter. The Z-block component has multiple filters, each corresponding to a plurality of superluminescent diode modules 110.

[0052] Figure 6 illustrates a Z-block component adapted to three superluminescent diode (SLED) modules. The Z-block component enables wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) of multiple SLED modules across different wavelength bands and couples them to an input spectral modulator. The Z-block is a commonly used free-space WDM element in optical communication. The three different shades of color on the left represent filters for different wavelength windows. The black bar on the right indicates a reflective surface that reflects all wavelengths. λ1, λ2, and λ3 represent the wavelength ranges, and the SLED module labeled λ1 indicates that the wavelength range of the light source provided by this SLED module covers at least λ1. The filter labeled λ1 indicates that it transmits incident light in the λ1 band but does not transmit (i.e., reflects) incident light outside this band. The light path during operation of the Z-block component is shown in Figure 7. This component enables beam combining of multiple wavelength SLED modules. This module is relatively large, but its advantage is that the Z-block filter has better optical performance, specifically low optical loss and high out-of-band rejection ratio.

[0053] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5, the transmitter assembly further includes a first lens assembly 500 disposed between the light source assembly 100 and the spectral modulator 200. The first lens assembly 500 corresponds to the light source assembly 100, and the optical signal of the light source assembly 100 is coupled to the corresponding optical input port through the corresponding first lens assembly 500.

[0054] Depending on the actual needs, the first lens assembly 500 can be either a single lens or a dual lens. For example, in Figure 1, a single lens coupling is used, while in Figure 4, a dual lens coupling is used. The main advantage of dual lens coupling compared to single lens coupling is that it has a higher tolerance for patch errors in the superluminescent diode module and the spectral modulator, and is easier to assemble. The disadvantage is that the size is slightly larger.

[0055] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the light source assembly 100 and the spectral modulator 200 can also be arranged together in a direct coupling manner, and the first lens assembly can be omitted between them to further reduce the size.

[0056] As shown in Figure 6, in a spectral sensing module that requires wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) elements to combine multiple superluminescent diode (SLED) modules of the light source assembly 100, the first lens assembly includes multiple front lenses and one rear lens. The front lenses are collimating lenses, and the rear lens is a focusing lens. The multiple front lenses correspond to different SLED modules and are used to convert the diverging light from the corresponding SLED module into a parallel beam before sending it to the filter corresponding to the WDM element. The rear lens is positioned between the output of the WDM element and the optical input port group of the spectral modulator, and is used to focus and couple the parallel beam passing through the Z-block component into the spectral modulator.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, multiple wavelength division multiplexing elements are provided and are cascaded as shown in FIG8. Different superluminescent light-emitting diode modules can be aligned on both sides of the wavelength division multiplexing elements.

[0058] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the housing 400 has opposing sidewalls, the transmitter assembly and receiver assembly 300 are respectively fixed on one of the sidewalls, and the transmitter port 410 and receiver port 420 are disposed on the other opposing sidewall. Steering mirrors 800 are respectively provided between the transmitter assembly and the transmitter port 410, and between the receiver port 420 and the receiver assembly 300.

[0059] In this design scheme, there are multiple options for the presence and angle of the transmitter steering mirror. For example, there is no steering mirror, and the spectral modulator is placed upright; or the steering mirror has a certain tilt angle but not 45 degrees; or the light output by the spectral modulator is not collimated, but has a certain beam divergence angle (depending on the different spot sizes required by different detection objects). All different selections and settings of the steering mirror fall within the protection scope of this design scheme.

[0060] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, a partition 430 is provided within the receiving cavity. The two sides of the partition 430 are respectively connected to two opposing sidewalls of the housing 400, dividing the receiving cavity into two chambers. The transmitting end assembly and the receiving end assembly 300 are respectively disposed within their respective chambers. The partition 430 forms a shield between the transmitting port 410 and the receiving port 420. This shielding reduces the influence of stray light from the transmitting end assembly on the signal of the receiving end assembly.

[0061] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, a plurality of pads 440 of different thicknesses are provided on the sidewall of the housing 400, and the plurality of pads 440 are located on the same sidewall of the housing 400. Each optical element of the transmitter assembly and receiver assembly 300 is respectively disposed on the corresponding pad 440. Specifically, a substrate is provided on the sidewall of the housing, the plurality of pads are disposed on the substrate, and then each element of the transmitter assembly is disposed on the corresponding pad. The substrate can be used for wiring.

[0062] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, a collimating lens assembly 600 is provided between the output port group of the spectral modulator 200 and the steering mirror 800. The collimating lens assembly 600 is used to collimate the modulated optical signal.

[0063] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the transmitter port 410 and receiver port 420 are respectively provided with corresponding transparent seals 450. The transparent seals seal the transmitter assembly and receiver assembly in their respective chambers, placing them in a relatively stable working environment, unaffected by external environmental factors such as humidity. The transparent seals are typically made of glass, and the glass surface may or may not be coated. The coating types can include anti-reflective films or bandpass filters (which only transmit the wavelength range in which the sensing module operates).

[0064] In some embodiments, the transparent seal may be a lens, such as a Fresnel lens, to achieve beam control or focusing.

[0065] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the transmitter assembly further includes a temperature sensor 900 disposed within the receiving cavity, near the light source assembly 100. The temperature sensor can obtain the temperature of the light source assembly during operation. The temperature sensor can be a thermistor to meet the requirements of certain scenarios. For example, monitoring the light source power using a monitor photodiode, or measuring the temperature of the spectral modulator by adding a thermistor. Similarly, the temperature sensor 900 can also be disposed near the spectral modulator to detect its temperature, providing appropriate temperature information for suppressing filter temperature drift.

[0066] In some embodiments, the receiving end component includes a photodetector, which is disposed on a corresponding pad. The photodetectors can be arranged in various ways, including multiple detectors, detectors in different directions, or detectors at different distances. Arrangements with variations in the number, direction, and distance of a single type, or combinations thereof, all fall within the protection scope of this design.

[0067] In some embodiments, the housing includes a first housing and a second housing separated from each other. Both the first and second housings have receiving cavities. The receiving cavity of the first housing has a transmitting port, and the receiving cavity of the second housing has a receiving port. A transmitting end assembly is disposed within the first housing and corresponds to the transmitting port, and a receiving end assembly is disposed within the second housing and corresponds to the receiving port. The first and second housings are designed as separate units, which can meet the needs of some scenarios. For example, in smartwatches, separate packaging may be more suitable for geometric optical design, and can meet the requirement that different wavelengths require different distances between the transmitting end beam and the receiving end photodetector during human body detection.

[0068] The spectral modulator in the above embodiments can be based on different materials, including silicon (pure silicon or silicon-germanium platform), silicon nitride (SiN), indium phosphide (InP) or silicon dioxide, etc.

[0069] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the contents described in the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments above. Any modifications that do not depart from the functional and structural principles of this utility model will be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A spectral sensing module, comprising a housing (400), a transmitter assembly, and a receiver assembly (300); the housing (400) having a receiving cavity, and the housing (400) having a transmitter port (410) and a receiver port (420) respectively communicating with the receiving cavity; the transmitter assembly and the receiver assembly (300) being disposed within the cavity corresponding to the transmitter port (410) and the receiver port (420) respectively; characterized in that, The transmitting end assembly includes a light source assembly (100) and a spectral modulator (200); the optical input port group of the spectral modulator (200) is coupled to the light source assembly (100), and the optical output port group of the spectral modulator (200) is used to transmit a modulated optical signal from the transmitting port (410) to the object to be detected located between the transmitting port and the receiving port; the receiving end assembly (300) is used to receive the light signal to be tested from the object to be tested from the receiving port (420); the light signal to be tested is one of the reflected light and the transmitted light of the modulated optical signal.

2. The spectral sensing module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source assembly (100) includes at least one superluminescent diode module (110); the optical input port group of the spectral modulator (200) includes at least one optical input port corresponding to the superluminescent diode module (110), and the superluminescent diode module (110) is coupled to the optical input port of the spectral modulator (200).

3. The spectral sensing module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light source assembly (100) includes multiple superluminescent diode modules (110) with different wavelength bands; the optical input port group of the spectral modulator (200) includes multiple optical input ports, each optical input port corresponding to a multiple superluminescent diode module (110), and each of the multiple superluminescent diode modules (110) is coupled to its corresponding optical input port.

4. The spectral sensing module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light source assembly (100) includes multiple superluminescent diode modules (110) with different wavelength bands, and the optical input port group of the spectral modulator (200) includes one optical input port; the transmitter assembly also includes a wavelength division multiplexing element (700) disposed between the light source assembly (100) and the spectral modulator (200); the multiple superluminescent diode modules (110) are coupled to the optical input port through the wavelength division multiplexing element (700).

5. The spectral sensing module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wavelength division multiplexing element (700) includes a Z-block component having multiple filters, each filter corresponding to a multiple of the superluminescent diode modules (110).

6. The spectral sensing module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spectral modulator includes multiple cascaded tunable filter structures; the tunable filter structures include one of the following: Mach-Zehnder interference structure, micro-ring resonator structure, photonic crystal structure, and Bragg grating structure.

7. The spectral sensing module according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The transmitter assembly further includes a first lens assembly (500) disposed between the light source assembly (100) and the spectral modulator (200). The first lens assembly (500) corresponds to the light source assembly (100), and the optical signal of the light source assembly (100) is coupled to the corresponding optical input port through the corresponding first lens assembly (500).

8. The spectral sensing module according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The housing (400) has opposing sidewalls, the transmitter assembly and receiver assembly (300) are respectively fixed on one of the sidewalls, and the transmitter port (410) and receiver port (420) are disposed on the other opposing sidewall; a steering mirror (800) is provided between the transmitter assembly and the transmitter port (410) and between the receiver port (420) and the receiver assembly (300).

9. The spectral sensing module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer casing (400) has multiple pads (440) of different thicknesses on its side wall, and the multiple pads (440) are located on the same side wall of the outer casing (400); the optical elements of the transmitter assembly and receiver assembly (300) are respectively disposed on the corresponding pads (440).

10. The spectral sensing module according to claim 8, characterized in that, A collimating lens assembly (600) is provided between the output port group of the spectral modulator (200) and the steering mirror (800); the collimating lens assembly (600) is used to collimate the modulated optical signal.

11. The spectral sensing module according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, A partition (430) is provided in the receiving cavity, which divides the receiving cavity into two chambers; the transmitting end assembly and the receiving end assembly (300) are respectively disposed in the corresponding chambers; the partition (430) forms a shield between the transmitting port (410) and the receiving port (420).

12. The spectral sensing module according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The transmitter assembly also includes a temperature sensor (900); the temperature sensor (900) is disposed within the receiving cavity and is used to detect the temperature of one of the light source assembly (100) and the spectral modulator (200).

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