Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of communications, and discloses a communication method and apparatus. The method comprises: transmitting broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal, the broadcast information being transmitted within a same superframe as the first training signal and the second training signal, and within the superframe, a time domain resource position of the broadcast information being located after a time domain resource position of the first training signal, wherein the broadcast information is used for broadcasting basic physical-layer transmission information of a present communication domain, and both the first training signal and the second training signal are synchronization signals and are used for enabling other nodes to search for the communication domain and perform time and frequency synchronization with the communication domain. In the present application, the broadcast information is transmitted after the synchronization signals, thereby improving the synchronization efficiency in scenarios such as initial access and adjacent-frequency measurement, shortening the waiting time required during demodulation of a symbol carrying the broadcast information, and reducing buffer overhead.

Description

Communication methods and devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411182431.4, filed on August 26, 2024, entitled "Communication Method and Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0003] In synchronization-based communication systems (e.g., OFDM communication systems such as short-range wireless communication systems), network-side devices typically send synchronization signals to terminal devices periodically to achieve time and frequency alignment between the network-side devices and the terminal devices.

[0004] However, in current communication systems, achieving the above synchronization is costly and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method and apparatus that can reduce the waiting time required when demodulating BCH symbols carrying broadcast information, thereby reducing the buffering overhead of BCH symbols before demodulation.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method, the method comprising: sending broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal, wherein the broadcast information is sent within the same superframe as the first training signal and the second training signal, and within the superframe, the time-domain resource position of the broadcast information is after the time-domain resource position of the first training signal, wherein the broadcast information is used to broadcast basic physical layer transmission information of the communication domain, and the first training signal and the second training signal are both synchronization signals, used to enable other nodes to search the communication domain and synchronize with the communication domain in time and frequency.

[0007] In this communication method, broadcast information is transmitted within the same superframe as the first and second training signals. This allows the broadcast information to be concentrated within a single superframe (or cohesive within the superframe), improving synchronization efficiency in scenarios such as initial access and adjacent channel measurements. Within the superframe, the temporal resource position of the broadcast information follows that of the first training signal, reducing the waiting time required when demodulating BCH symbols carrying the broadcast information, thereby reducing the buffering overhead of BCH symbols before demodulation. For some roaming and mobility scenarios, this communication method can significantly reduce the cost of neighboring cell broadcast snooping.

[0008] Optionally, the first training signal is used by other nodes to synchronize time and frequency with the management node to align time and frequency with the management node, and the second training signal is used by terminal nodes to synchronize frequency to align frequency with the management node.

[0009] Optionally, the communication domain is a carrier wave.

[0010] Optionally, the second training signal is the demodulation reference signal of the broadcast information.

[0011] Optionally, within the superframe, the temporal resource location of the second training signal is after the temporal resource location of the first training signal, and the temporal resource location of the broadcast information is after the temporal resource location of the second training signal.

[0012] Similar to how the temporal resource position of broadcast information is after the temporal resource position of the first training signal, the temporal resource position of the second training signal is after the temporal resource position of the first training signal. This can further reduce the waiting time required when demodulating BCH symbols carrying broadcast information and reduce the buffering overhead of BCH symbols before demodulating them.

[0013] In one possible design, if the frame structure of the superframe is of type A or type B, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the second symbol of the first radio frame, and the broadcast information is mapped at the third to sixth symbols of the first radio frame.

[0014] In this design, the synchronization signal block composed of the first training signal, the second training signal, and the BCH can be transmitted continuously in the time domain within a superframe, and continuously mapped in the time domain within the superframe for a duration of 6 symbols.

[0015] In another possible design, if the frame structure of the superframe is of type C, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the second radio frame of the superframe, and the broadcast information is mapped at the first symbol of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth radio frames of the superframe.

[0016] In this design, the synchronization signal block composed of the first training signal, the second training signal, and the BCH can be "distributed" and mapped within a superframe. The time-domain distribution within the superframe is distributed for 6 radio frames, with each mapping position spaced one radio frame apart.

[0017] In one possible design, if the frame structure of the superframe is of type A or type B, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the fourth symbol of the first radio frame, and the broadcast information is mapped at the second, third, fifth, and sixth symbols of the first radio frame.

[0018] In this design, the synchronization signal block composed of the first training signal, the second training signal, and the BCH can also be transmitted continuously in the time domain within a superframe, and continuously mapped in the time domain within the superframe for a period of 6 symbols. The second training signal can be located in the middle of the four BCH symbols to reduce the channel aging of two BCH symbols.

[0019] In another possible design, if the frame structure of the superframe is of type C, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the fourth radio frame of the superframe, and the broadcast information is mapped at the first symbols of the second, third, fifth, and sixth radio frames of the superframe.

[0020] In this design, the synchronization signal block composed of the first training signal, the second training signal, and the BCH can be "distributed" and mapped within a superframe. The time-domain distribution within the superframe lasts for 6 radio frames, with each mapping position spaced one radio frame apart. The second training signal can be located in the middle of the four BCH symbols, reducing the channel aging of two BCH symbols.

[0021] Optionally, the duration of the superframe is 1ms, comprising 8 radio frames, and when the frame structure type of the superframe is a Class B frame, the superframe contains two 0.5ms half-superframes within the 1ms, each half-superframe comprising 4 radio frames.

[0022] Optionally, the duration of the superframe is 1ms, comprising 8 radio frames, and when the frame structure type of the superframe is a Class C frame, the 8 radio frames are 8 hybrid radio frames.

[0023] Optionally, the antenna port for transmitting the broadcast information is the same as the antenna port for transmitting the second training signal.

[0024] Optionally, the antenna port used to transmit the first training signal at different times is the same.

[0025] Optionally, the antenna port used to transmit the second training signal at different times is the same.

[0026] Secondly, this application provides a communication device that has the function of implementing the method described in the first aspect. The function can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The device includes one or more units or modules for implementing the function of the method described in the first aspect. For example, the communication device includes a star flash module for transmitting star flash signals. The communication device further includes a module for transmitting broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal. The broadcast information is transmitted within the same superframe as the first and second training signals, and within the superframe, the time-domain resource position of the broadcast information is after the time-domain resource position of the first training signal. The broadcast information is used to broadcast basic physical layer transmission information of the current communication domain. The first and second training signals are both synchronization signals, used to enable other nodes to search the communication domain and synchronize with it in time and frequency.

[0027] Optionally, the first training signal is used by other nodes to synchronize time and frequency with the management node to align time and frequency with the management node, and the second training signal is used by terminal nodes to synchronize frequency to align frequency with the management node.

[0028] Optionally, the communication domain is a carrier wave.

[0029] Optionally, the second training signal is the demodulation reference signal of the broadcast information.

[0030] Optionally, within the superframe, the temporal resource location of the second training signal is after the temporal resource location of the first training signal, and the temporal resource location of the broadcast information is after the temporal resource location of the second training signal.

[0031] In one possible design, if the frame structure of the superframe is of type A or type B, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the second symbol of the first radio frame, and the broadcast information is mapped at the third to sixth symbols of the first radio frame.

[0032] In another possible design, if the frame structure of the superframe is of type C, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the second radio frame of the superframe, and the broadcast information is mapped at the first symbol of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth radio frames of the superframe.

[0033] In one possible design, if the frame structure of the superframe is of type A or type B, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the fourth symbol of the first radio frame, and the broadcast information is mapped at the second, third, fifth, and sixth symbols of the first radio frame.

[0034] In another possible design, if the frame structure of the superframe is of type C, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the fourth radio frame of the superframe, and the broadcast information is mapped at the first symbols of the second, third, fifth, and sixth radio frames of the superframe.

[0035] Optionally, the duration of the superframe is 1ms, comprising 8 radio frames, and when the frame structure type of the superframe is a Class B frame, the superframe contains two 0.5ms half-superframes within the 1ms, each half-superframe comprising 4 radio frames.

[0036] Optionally, the duration of the superframe is 1ms, comprising 8 radio frames, and when the frame structure type of the superframe is a Class C frame, the 8 radio frames are 8 hybrid radio frames.

[0037] Optionally, the antenna port for transmitting the broadcast information is the same as the antenna port for transmitting the second training signal.

[0038] Optionally, the antenna port used to transmit the first training signal at different times is the same.

[0039] Optionally, the antenna port used to transmit the second training signal at different times is the same.

[0040] Thirdly, this application also provides a communication device, comprising: a processor for executing computer instructions, wherein when the computer instructions are executed, the device performs the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a memory storing the computer instructions.

[0041] Exemplarily, the apparatus includes: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more computer programs or instructions; and, when the one or more computer programs or instructions are executed by the one or more processors, causing the one or more processors to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0042] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device, which includes: a processing circuit and an interface circuit; wherein the interface circuit is used to couple with a memory external to the communication device and to provide a communication interface for the processing circuit to access the memory; the processing circuit is used to execute program instructions in the memory to implement the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0043] In practical implementation, the communication device can be a chip, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the processing circuit can be a transistor, gate circuit, flip-flop, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be output to, for example, but not limited to, a transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter. Furthermore, the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0044] In one implementation, the communication device can be a wireless communication device, i.e., a computer device that supports wireless communication functions. Specifically, the wireless communication device can be a terminal such as a smartphone, or a wireless access network device such as a base station. The network chip can also be called a system-on-a-chip (SoC), or simply a SoC chip. The communication chip may include a baseband processing chip and a radio frequency (RF) processing chip. The baseband processing chip is sometimes also called a modem or baseband chip. The RF processing chip is sometimes called an RF transceiver or RF chip. In physical implementation, some or all of the chips in the communication chip can be integrated within the SoC chip. For example, the baseband processing chip is integrated into the SoC chip, while the RF processing chip is not integrated with the SoC chip. The interface circuit can be the RF processing chip in the wireless communication device, and the processing circuit can be the baseband processing chip in the wireless communication device.

[0045] In another implementation, the communication device can be a component of a wireless communication device, such as an integrated circuit product like a network chip or communication chip. The interface circuit can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip network. The processor can also be represented as a processing circuit or logic circuit.

[0046] For example, in the third and fourth aspects, the processor is configured to perform the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0047] The communication device described in any of the second to fourth aspects above can be a G node or a device built into the G node (e.g., a star flash module).

[0048] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, comprising: computer software instructions; which, when executed, cause the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect to be implemented. For example, when the computer software instructions are executed in a G-node or a device (e.g., a star-flash module) built into the G-node, they cause the G-node to implement the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0049] Understandably, the beneficial effects that any of the second to fifth aspects provided above can achieve can be referenced to the beneficial effects of the first aspect and any of its possible designs, which will not be repeated here.

[0050] Sixthly, this application provides a communication method, the method comprising: receiving broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal, wherein the broadcast information is transmitted within the same superframe as the first training signal and the second training signal, and within the superframe, the time-domain resource position of the broadcast information is after the time-domain resource position of the first training signal, wherein the broadcast information is used to broadcast basic information of physical layer transmission of the current communication domain, and both the first training signal and the second training signal are synchronization signals, used to enable other nodes to search the communication domain and synchronize with the communication domain in time and frequency.

[0051] The specific details and beneficial effects of the communication method provided in the sixth aspect can be found in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a communication device that has the function of implementing the method described in the sixth aspect above. The function can be implemented in hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The device includes one or more units or modules for implementing the function of the method described in the first aspect above. For example, the communication device includes a star flash module for transmitting star flash signals. The communication device further includes a module for receiving broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal. The broadcast information is transmitted within the same superframe as the first and second training signals, and within the superframe, the time-domain resource position of the broadcast information is after the time-domain resource position of the first training signal. The broadcast information is used to broadcast basic physical layer transmission information of the current communication domain. The first and second training signals are both synchronization signals, used to enable other nodes to search the communication domain and synchronize with the communication domain in time and frequency.

[0053] The specific details and beneficial effects of the communication device provided in the seventh aspect can be found in the description in the second aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0054] Eighthly, this application also provides a communication device, comprising: a processor for executing computer instructions, which, when executed, cause the device to perform the method described in the sixth aspect or any possible design of the sixth aspect. Optionally, the communication device further comprises a memory storing the computer instructions.

[0055] Exemplarily, the apparatus includes: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more computer programs or instructions; and, when the one or more computer programs or instructions are executed by the one or more processors, causing the one or more processors to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0056] Ninthly, this application provides a communication device, the device comprising: a processing circuit and an interface circuit; wherein the interface circuit is configured to couple with a memory external to the communication device and provide a communication interface for the processing circuit to access the memory; the processing circuit is configured to execute program instructions in the memory to implement the method as described in any of the second aspects.

[0057] In practical implementation, the communication device can be a chip, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the processing circuit can be a transistor, gate circuit, flip-flop, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be output to, for example, but not limited to, a transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter. Furthermore, the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0058] In one implementation, the communication device can be a wireless communication device, i.e., a computer device that supports wireless communication functions. Specifically, the wireless communication device can be a terminal such as a smartphone, or a wireless access network device such as a base station. The network chip can also be called a system-on-a-chip (SoC), or simply a SoC chip. The communication chip may include a baseband processing chip and a radio frequency (RF) processing chip. The baseband processing chip is sometimes also called a modem or baseband chip. The RF processing chip is sometimes called an RF transceiver or RF chip. In physical implementation, some or all of the chips in the communication chip can be integrated within the SoC chip. For example, the baseband processing chip is integrated into the SoC chip, while the RF processing chip is not integrated with the SoC chip. The interface circuit can be the RF processing chip in the wireless communication device, and the processing circuit can be the baseband processing chip in the wireless communication device.

[0059] In another implementation, the communication device can be a component of a wireless communication device, such as an integrated circuit product like a network chip or communication chip. The interface circuit can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip network. The processor can also be represented as a processing circuit or logic circuit.

[0060] For example, in the eighth and ninth aspects, the processor is configured to perform the method described in the sixth aspect or any possible design of the sixth aspect.

[0061] The communication device described in any of the seventh to ninth aspects above can be a T-node or a device built into the T-node (e.g., a star flash module).

[0062] In a tenth aspect, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, comprising: computer software instructions; which, when executed, cause the method described in the sixth aspect or any possible design of the sixth aspect to be implemented. For example, when the computer software instructions are executed in a T-node or a device (e.g., a star-flash module) built into the T-node, they cause the T-node to implement the method described in the sixth aspect or any possible design of the sixth aspect.

[0063] Understandably, the beneficial effects that can be achieved by any of the seventh to tenth aspects provided above can be referred to the beneficial effects of the sixth aspect and any of its possible designs, which will not be repeated here.

[0064] Optionally, the units or modules included in any of the communication devices mentioned above are merely illustrative examples, and these units or modules may also be divided in other ways.

[0065] In an eleventh aspect, this application also provides a computer program product that, when executed, can implement the method described in the first aspect and any possible design thereof, or the method described in the sixth aspect and any possible design thereof.

[0066] In a twelfth aspect, this application provides a chip, comprising: a processing circuit and an interface circuit; wherein the interface circuit is configured to couple with a memory external to the chip and provide a communication interface for the processing circuit to access the memory; the processing circuit is configured to execute program instructions in the memory to implement the method as described in the first aspect and any possible design thereof, or the method as described in the sixth aspect and any possible design thereof.

[0067] In a thirteenth aspect, this application also provides a communication system comprising: a management node and a terminal node; the management node being configured to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible design thereof, sending broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal to the terminal node.

[0068] Understandably, the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the eleventh to thirteenth aspects provided above can be referred to the beneficial effects described in the first aspect, the sixth aspect, etc., and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0069] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a synchronization signal block;

[0071] Figure 3 shows a flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of the first radio frame in superframe N;

[0073] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of the first 6 radio frames in superframe N;

[0074] Figure 6 shows another schematic diagram of the components of the first radio frame in superframe N;

[0075] Figure 7 shows another schematic diagram of the first 6 radio frames in superframe N;

[0076] Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the frame structure and time slot allocation of Class A frames;

[0077] Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the frame structure and time slot allocation of Class B frames;

[0078] Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the frame structure and time slot allocation of Class C frames;

[0079] Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the symbol positions of FTS, STS, and BCH in a Class A frame;

[0080] Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the symbol positions of FTS, STS, and BCH in a Class B frame;

[0081] Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the symbol positions of FTS, STS, and BCH in a Class C frame;

[0082] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 15 is a block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a chip architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0086] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0088] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0089] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of a chip module framework provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of another chip module framework provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the framework of a software static strategy provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the framework of a software static strategy provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0093] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of a message transmission arbitration (PTA) strategy provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0094] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0095] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, embodiments, claims, and drawings of this application are for distinguishing purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as including a series of steps or units. A method, system, product, or apparatus is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0096] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0097] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to, but are not limited to, short-range wireless communication systems and wireless communication systems that support longer-distance transmission (such as 1-18km, or over 18km) (such as the next-generation StarSpark wireless communication system). The short-range wireless communication system can include short-range wireless communication technology (also known as StarSpark 1.0 technology), which has advantages such as ultra-low latency, ultra-high reliability, and precise synchronization, making it suitable for applications in smart cars, smart homes, smart terminals, and smart manufacturing. For example, applications in smart car scenarios include: immersive in-vehicle sound field & noise reduction, wireless interactive projection, and 360-degree panoramic surround view, which can achieve an immersive interactive experience and improve vehicle safety.

[0098] Wireless communication systems that support longer transmission distances (e.g., 1–18 km) mainly include next-generation StarSpark wireless communication systems, such as StarSpark 2.0 and StarSpark 3.0. These systems are not only suitable for communication scenarios with low latency requirements, such as the aforementioned vehicle communication and industrial control scenarios, but also for communication scenarios with less stringent latency requirements.

[0099] In some possible implementations, the aforementioned communication system may be used in conjunction with a mobile communication system, including but not limited to fourth-generation (4G) systems (e.g., long-term evolution (LTE) systems), fifth-generation (5G) systems (e.g., new radio (NR) systems), and future-oriented evolution systems (e.g., sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems). The communication system can also be an open radio access network (OORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a WiFi system. Furthermore, the communication system can be a convergence of two or more of the above systems.

[0100] The wireless short-range communication system provided in this application embodiment may include a grant node (G node) and a terminal node (T node). The G node can be a node in the wireless short-range communication system that has resource scheduling capabilities and sends control information such as resource management information and / or data scheduling information. The T node can be a node in the wireless short-range communication system that receives the control information such as resource management information and / or data scheduling information sent by the G node, and performs data transmission or reception based on this control information. For ease of description, the short-range protocol in the wireless short-range communication system is referred to as the Star Flash protocol in this disclosure.

[0101] In the StarScan protocol corresponding to StarScan technology, there are uplink and downlink transmissions between the G node and the T node. Uplink transmission is achieved through the T link, which is the link between the T node and the G node, and can also be called the uplink. Downlink transmission is achieved through the G link, which is the link between the G node and the T node, and can also be called the downlink.

[0102] In this embodiment, the communication device has wireless communication capabilities and can be configured with multiple antennas. These multiple antennas may include at least one transmitting antenna for transmitting signals and at least one receiving antenna for receiving signals. Additionally, each communication device also includes a transmitter chain and a receiver chain. Those skilled in the art will understand that these chains may include multiple components related to signal transmission and reception (e.g., processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators, demultiplexers, or antennas). The communication device can be a network device or a terminal device, and there is no limitation thereto.

[0103] The management node (G node) is located on the network side of the aforementioned communication system. It assists terminal nodes in achieving wireless access and is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, or a chip or chip system that can be installed on this device. This management node includes, but is not limited to: network devices, access network devices, access network nodes, radio access network (RAN) nodes, RAN entities or access nodes, base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), access points (APs), transmission reception points (TRPs or transmission points (TPs), next-generation NodeBs (gNBs), next-generation base stations in sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access points (APs) in wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems. The management node can be a macro base station, micro base station, indoor station, relay node, donor node, open radio access network (ORAN), or a radio controller in a centralized radio access network (CRAN) scenario. The management node can also be one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a 5G base station, or it can be a network node constituting a gNB, TRP, TP, or transmission measurement function (TMF), such as a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), a radio unit (RU), or a roadside unit (RSU) with base station functionality. Optionally, the management node can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the management node in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be an RSU. Optionally, the management node can also be a control unit in autonomous driving, a central controller in a smart factory / smart home, or a handheld or automatic control remote sensor for flight equipment.Optionally, the management node can also be a central control unit, control panel, or other control device, such as a drone controller or a control unit in industrial control. All or part of the functions of the management node in this application can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). The management node in this application can also be a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the management node's functions.

[0104] In this application embodiment, the form of the management node is not limited. The device used to implement the function of the management node can be the management node itself; it can also be a device that supports the management node in implementing this function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the management node or used in conjunction with the management node.

[0105] A terminal node (T-node) is a device, equipment, module, chip, or chip system with transceiver capabilities. It can also be referred to as terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station (MS), mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user equipment. The terminal nodes in the embodiments of this application can be mobile phones, cellular phones, smartphones, tablets, mice, remote controls, styluses, set-top boxes, routers, cameras, screens, smart screens, wireless data cards, personal digital assistant computers (PDAs), wireless modems, handsets, laptop computers, smartwatches, smart bracelets, wireless headphones, electronic whiteboards, machine-type communication (MTC) terminals, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminals, augmented reality (AR) terminals, smart home devices (e.g., refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, washing machines, rice cookers, table lamps, electricity meters, etc.), smart robots, robotic arms, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in autonomous driving, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, and transportation safety devices. Wireless terminals in various applications include those related to safety, smart cities, smart homes, in-vehicle terminals, in-vehicle screens, in-vehicle audio systems, car keys, roadside units (RSUs) with terminal functions, and flying equipment (e.g., intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes). The terminal node in this application can also be an in-vehicle module, in-vehicle component, in-vehicle chip, or in-vehicle unit integrated into a vehicle as one or more components or units. The terminal node can also be other devices with terminal functions; for example, it can be a device that performs terminal functions in device-to-device (D2D) communication.

[0106] The embodiments of this application do not limit the device form of the terminal. The device used to implement the function of the terminal node can be the terminal node itself; it can also be a device that supports the terminal node in implementing the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the terminal node or used in conjunction with the terminal node. In the embodiments of this application, the chip system can be composed of chips or can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0107] It should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to other communication systems, and the corresponding names can be replaced by the names of the corresponding functions in other communication systems.

[0108] For example, Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a possible, non-limiting communication system described above. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system includes at least one terminal 110 (three are shown in Figure 1) and a network device 120. The network device is a device in the communication system that has resource scheduling functions and sends control information and data. The terminal is a device in the communication system that receives data scheduling information and sends data according to the data scheduling information. For wireless short-range communication systems or star-flash communication systems, the terminal 110 can also be understood as a terminal node (T node) as described above, which has resource scheduling functions and sends control information and data. The network device 120 can also be understood as a grant node (G node) as described above, which can receive data scheduling information and send data according to the data scheduling information.

[0109] It is understood that the structure of the communication system shown in Figure 1 does not constitute a specific limitation on the communication system. In other embodiments of this application, the communication system may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine some components, or split some components, or arrange different components. The components shown can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. Furthermore, it should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to other communication systems, and the corresponding names can be replaced by the names of the corresponding functions in other communication systems.

[0110] The following explains some key terms involved in the embodiments of this application:

[0111] G-Link: A communication link between the management node and the terminal node. This link can carry data channels, control channels, broadcast channels, synchronization signals, etc., between the management node and the terminal node.

[0112] T-Link: A communication link between the terminal node and the management node. This link can carry data channels, access channels, feedback signals, etc., between the terminal node and the management node.

[0113] Communication domain: The resources of G-links and T-links consisting of a G node and multiple T nodes scheduled by the G node.

[0114] Symbol: A symbol is the basic time unit within a time slot. A time slot is a time unit in a communication system. Symbols are used for the transmission of physical layer signals, control information, or data information. In this application embodiment, the symbol is used as an abbreviation for cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) symbol.

[0115] G Symbol (GS): A symbol used for transmission over a G link.

[0116] T Symbol (TS): A symbol used for transmission on a T link.

[0117] A radio frame is a frame composed of several CP-OFDM symbols, with a duration of 125 µs. A radio frame contains... The symbols are numbered sequentially as follows: The number of symbols corresponding to the four CP formats are: Format 0: 14; Format 1: 13; Format 2: 12; Format 3: 10. Radio frames are divided into three types: G radio frames (GF), T radio frames (TF), and mixed radio frames (MF).

[0118] GF (G Frame, G Radio Frame): All symbols in the GF are used for G link transmission, meaning the GF contains... GS.

[0119] TF (T Frame): All symbols in a TF are used for transmission on the T link, meaning the TF contains... One TS.

[0120] MF (Mixed Frame): Contains several GS, GAP and several TS.

[0121] Superframe (SF): A physical resource consisting of 8 radio frames in the system. The duration of a superframe is Tsf = 30720 × Ts = 1 ms.

[0122] Half superframe (HSF): A physical resource consisting of the first four or last four radio frames in a superframe, with a duration of 0.5ms. For example, in a 1ms superframe with eight radio frames, the first four radio frames form one half superframe, and the last four radio frames form a second half superframe.

[0123] In the communication systems described above (e.g., the aforementioned short-range wireless communication system), network devices (e.g., G nodes) periodically transmit a broadcast channel (BCH) (hereinafter also referred to as broadcast information) to broadcast basic physical layer transmission information of the communication domain, supporting processes such as user access and system message changes. G nodes also periodically transmit a first training sequence (FTS) (hereinafter also referred to as a first training signal) for other nodes to synchronize time and frequency with the G node, aligning their time and frequency with the G node. G nodes also periodically transmit a second training signal (STS) for T nodes to synchronize their frequency, aligning their frequency with the G node. The STS sequence can serve as a demodulation reference signal for G-link BCH, control resource indication (CR-IND), and G-link control information (GCI). However, in current communication systems (e.g., the aforementioned short-range wireless communication system), the first training sequence FTS and the second training signal STS are typically transmitted after the broadcast information BCH has been transmitted. For example, in the example shown in Figure 2, in the superframes where broadcast information BCH needs to be sent (e.g., in each of superframes N+0 to N+3 shown in Figure 2), broadcast information BCH is sent before the first training sequence FTS and the second training signal STS. In current communication systems, broadcast information BCH may also be sent in different superframes than the first training sequence FTS and the second training signal STS, but in the time domain, broadcast information BCH is still sent before the first training sequence FTS and the second training signal STS. However, since the broadcast information is located before the synchronization signal, when demodulating the broadcast information, it is necessary to buffer the broadcast information first to wait for the reference signal required for demodulation in the synchronization signal, and demodulate the broadcast information only after waiting for the reference signal. Typically, when demodulating broadcast information, the collection of a complete signal / channel requires more than 4 superframes, resulting in large time and buffering overhead, which is not conducive to pipelined processing in discontinuous mode transmission and reception, and incurs significant costs for neighboring cell broadcast snooping in roaming and mobility scenarios.

[0124] Therefore, this application provides a communication method. In this method, a network device (e.g., a G node) transmits broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal within the same superframe. Within this superframe, the temporal resource position of the broadcast information follows the temporal resource position of the first training signal. This method reduces the waiting time required to demodulate BCH symbols carrying broadcast information and reduces the buffering overhead of BCH symbols before demodulation.

[0125] For example, Figure 3 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. In this method, step S201 can be performed, for example, at a network device (e.g., a G node).

[0126] S301. Transmit broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal. The broadcast information, the first training signal, and the second training signal are transmitted within the same superframe, and within this superframe, the temporal resource position of the broadcast information follows the temporal resource position of the first training signal. In this application, the broadcast information is used to broadcast basic information of the physical layer transmission of this communication domain. The first training signal and the second training signal are both synchronization signals, used to enable other nodes (e.g., multiple T nodes communicating with the above G nodes) to search the communication domain and synchronize with the communication domain in time and frequency.

[0127] As mentioned above, a communication domain refers to the resources of a G-link and a T-link consisting of a G-node and multiple T-nodes scheduled by the G-node. In some implementations, the above communication domain can be a carrier.

[0128] As mentioned earlier, broadcast information is used to broadcast basic physical layer transmission information for this communication domain. For example, broadcast information may include protocol version information, cyclic prefix information, radio frame structure indication information, superframe number, broadcast information change indication information or system message change indication information, broadcast information change period or system message change period, transmission period of the first group of system messages in the communication domain, indication information about the number of consecutive superframes that may be used in one transmission period of the first group of system messages in the communication domain, access permission indication, coverage mode indication, reserved bits, input information for performing cyclic redundancy check operations, etc.

[0129] For example, protocol version information can occupy 3 bits. Cyclic prefix information can occupy 2 bits, with different values ​​representing different cyclic prefixes. Radio frame structure indication information can occupy 4 bits, with 0-10 indicating radio frame structures 0-10 respectively. Superframe number can occupy 16 bits, indicating the superframe number of the superframe containing the broadcast information. Broadcast or system message change indication information can occupy 1 bit, with 0 indicating that the broadcast or system message will not change in the next change cycle, and 1 indicating that the broadcast or system message will change in the next change cycle. The change cycle of broadcast or system message can occupy 3 bits, with 0 indicating 64 superframes, 1 indicating 128 superframes, 2 indicating 256 superframes, 3 indicating 512 superframes, 4 indicating 1024 superframes, 5 indicating 2048 superframes, 6 indicating 4096 superframes, and 7 indicating 8192 superframes. The transmission period for the first group of system messages in the communication domain can occupy 2 bits. 0 indicates that the starting superframe number of the possible system message transmission is a multiple of 64; 1 indicates that the starting superframe number of the possible system message transmission is a multiple of 128; 2 indicates that the starting superframe number of the possible system message transmission is a multiple of 256; and 3 indicates that the starting superframe number of the possible system message transmission is a multiple of 512. Information indicating the number of consecutive superframes that may be used within a transmission period for the first group of system messages in the communication domain can occupy 2 bits. 0 indicates that the system message will be transmitted within a maximum of 8 consecutive superframes starting from the starting superframe number; 1 indicates that the system message will be transmitted within a maximum of 16 consecutive superframes starting from the starting superframe number; 2 indicates that the system message will be transmitted within a maximum of 32 consecutive superframes starting from the starting superframe number; and 3 indicates that the system message will be transmitted within a maximum of 64 consecutive superframes starting from the starting superframe number. The access permission indication can occupy 1 bit: 0 indicates access is not allowed, and 1 indicates access is allowed. The coverage mode indicator can occupy 1 bit, where 0 indicates that the communication domain uses the normal coverage mode and 1 indicates that the communication domain uses the deep coverage mode. The reserved bits can be 10 bits, user-defined. The input information for cyclic redundancy check (CRC) calculations can occupy 24 bits, used to generate a polynomial for calculating the CRC sequence.

[0130] As mentioned above, both the first and second training signals are synchronization signals used to enable other nodes (e.g., multiple T nodes communicating with the aforementioned G node) to search the communication domain and synchronize with it in time and frequency. Specifically, the first training signal can be used by other nodes to synchronize time and frequency with the management node, aligning their time and frequency with the management node, and the second training signal is used by terminal nodes to synchronize their frequency, aligning their frequency with the management node.

[0131] In this application, by transmitting broadcast information along with the first and second training signals within the same superframe, the broadcast information can be concentrated within the same superframe (or cohesively integrated into the superframe), thereby improving synchronization efficiency in scenarios such as initial access and adjacent channel measurements. Furthermore, by ensuring that the temporal resource position of the broadcast information follows the temporal resource position of the first training signal within this superframe, the waiting time required for demodulating the BCH symbols carrying the broadcast information can be reduced, thus reducing the buffering overhead of the BCH symbols before demodulation. For some roaming and mobility scenarios, this communication method can significantly reduce the cost of neighboring cell broadcast snooping.

[0132] Furthermore, the transmission method and temporal positional relationship between the broadcast information and the first and second training signals given in this embodiment can more easily realize a pipelined processing flow under discontinuous mode transmission and reception. In this discontinuous mode, the T node first listens to signals (including FTS, STS, and BCH) for demodulation, then pauses for a period of time, and then continuously receives radio frames (here, the received signals are continuously transmitted data content).

[0133] The STS can serve as a demodulation reference signal for G-link BCH, CR-IND, and GCI information. In other words, the STS can be a demodulation reference signal for broadcast information (BCH). Therefore, in some embodiments, within a superframe transmitting broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal, the temporal resource position of the second training signal follows the temporal resource position of the first training signal, and the temporal resource position of the broadcast information also follows the temporal resource position of the second training signal. Since the second training signal is the demodulation reference signal for the broadcast information, in this application, by ensuring that the temporal resource position of the broadcast information within the superframe follows the temporal resource positions of the first and second training signals, it is unnecessary to buffer the BCH symbols carrying the broadcast information, thereby reducing the buffering overhead for BCH symbols.

[0134] It can be understood that within a superframe, the temporal resource position of the broadcast information following the temporal resource position of the first training signal means that within that superframe, the symbol carrying the BCH follows the symbol carrying the FTS. In this application, within a superframe, the FTS and STS may each occupy one symbol, for example, and the BCH may occupy, for example, less than or equal to 8 symbols; for example, the BCH may occupy 4 symbols within a superframe.

[0135] For example, in some implementations, as shown in Figures 4 and 11-12, when the frame structure of the superframe is of type A or type B, the first training signal can be mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal can be mapped at the second symbol of the first radio frame, and broadcast information can be mapped at the third to sixth symbols of the first radio frame.

[0136] In some implementations, as shown in Figures 5 and 13, when the frame structure of the superframe is of type C, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the second radio frame of the superframe, and the broadcast information is mapped at the first symbol of the third radio frame, the first symbol of the fourth radio frame, the first symbol of the fifth radio frame, and the first symbol of the sixth radio frame of the superframe.

[0137] In some other embodiments, as shown in FIG6, when the frame structure of the superframe is of type A or type B, a first training signal may be mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, a second training signal may be mapped at the fourth symbol of the first radio frame, and broadcast information may be mapped at the second, third, fifth and sixth symbols of the first radio frame.

[0138] In some other embodiments, as shown in FIG7, when the frame structure of the superframe is a Class C frame, a first training signal may be mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, a second training signal may be mapped at the first symbol of the fourth radio frame of the superframe, and broadcast information may be mapped at the first symbol of the second radio frame, the first symbol of the third radio frame, the first symbol of the fifth radio frame, and the first symbol of the sixth radio frame of the superframe.

[0139] In some embodiments mentioned above in this application, broadcast information, the first training signal, and the second training signal are transmitted consecutively in the time domain within the same superframe (as shown in Figures 4, 6, 11, and 12 above), thereby forming a new synchronization block or synchronization signal block. This synchronization block can support the synchronization of time-domain symbols (e.g., CP-OFDM symbols), frequencies, identification (ID), radio frame structures, etc., between network devices (e.g., G nodes) and terminal devices (e.g., T nodes). The T node then proceeds with the next access and data transmission process based on the synchronization. This synchronization block improves the efficiency of access implementation and information transmission.

[0140] In some other implementations mentioned above in this application, the broadcast information may also be transmitted in the same superframe in a time-domain distributed manner with the first training signal and the second training signal, as shown in Figures 5, 7 and 13, as described below.

[0141] Optionally, before the G node executes S301, the method may further include: the G node generating an FTS sequence, spatially mapping the FTS sequence to one or more transmit links; the G node performing resource mapping on the FTS sequence to corresponding time-frequency resources, such as time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, and spatial-domain resources; and the G node performing additional phase code modulation and power adjustment on the FTS.

[0142] Optionally, before the G node executes S301, the method may further include: the G node generating an STS sequence, spatially mapping the STS sequence to one or more transmit links; the G node performing resource mapping on the STS sequence to corresponding time-frequency resources, such as time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, spatial-domain resources, etc.; and the G node adjusting the power of the STS.

[0143] Optionally, before the G node executes S301, the method may further include: the G node performing channel coding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, spatial mapping, resource mapping, power adjustment, etc. on the broadcast information.

[0144] It is understandable that the temporal resource location of broadcast information is after the temporal resource location of the first training signal, and can be realized by the G node when performing resource mapping on FTS, STS, and BCH.

[0145] When a T node receives broadcast information sent by a G link, it can use the STS and broadcast information phase adjustment signal (BCH PAS) sent by the G node to perform channel information estimation and channel information phase change compensation, respectively, and then demodulate the BCH information.

[0146] Optionally, the method may also include S302.

[0147] S302. Terminal equipment (e.g., T-node) performs time and frequency synchronization and demodulates broadcast information.

[0148] In this application, the terminal device (e.g., T node) can receive broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal accordingly. After receiving the broadcast information, the first training signal, and the second training signal, the T node can perform time and frequency synchronization with the G node based on FTS, aligning its time and frequency with the G node; perform frequency synchronization based on STS, aligning its frequency with the G node; and use the STS as a demodulation reference signal to demodulate BCH, CR-IND, and GCI information.

[0149] The following, in conjunction with Figures 4-7 and 11-13, provides an exemplary description of the implementation of the temporal resource position of the broadcast information following the temporal resource positions of the first and second training signals in the two scenarios described above: "broadcast information and the first and second training signals are transmitted in the same superframe in a continuous manner in the time domain" and "broadcast information and the first and second training signals are transmitted in the same superframe in a dispersed manner in the time domain".

[0150] For example, taking superframe N where the BCH occupies 4 symbols, Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the transmission positions of FTS, STS, and broadcast information in the first radio frame (i.e., the first radio frame of the superframe) of superframe N. Referring to Figures 11 and 12 below, the first radio frame mentioned here refers to the first radio frame in a superframe with a frame structure of Class A or Class B. As shown in Figure 4, in one possible design, the first symbol of the first radio frame can be mapped to the FTS, the second symbol to the STS, and the third to sixth symbols to the BCH. Alternatively, the BCH is located on the first radio frame of the superframe and occupies the third to sixth symbols of the first radio frame for transmission.

[0151] Optionally, the radio frames in a superframe can be numbered sequentially from the first one as radio frame #0, radio frame #1, radio frame #2, radio frame #3, etc. The symbols in each radio frame can be numbered sequentially as symbol #0, symbol #1, symbol #2, symbol #3, etc. In the example shown in Figure 4, symbol #0 in radio frame #0 of the superframe maps to FTS, symbol #1 in radio frame #0 maps to STS, and symbols #2, #3, #4, and #5 in radio frame #0 map to BCH.

[0152] It should be understood that this application does not impose restrictions on the numbering rules for radio frames and symbols. In addition, in the examples shown in Figure 4 and subsequent Figures 5 to 7, FTS, STS, and BCH are part of the radio frame, and the radio frames marked with diagonal lines in the figures mainly refer to the remaining parts excluding FTS, STS, and BCH.

[0153] In this design, the synchronization signal block composed of FTS, STS and BCH can be transmitted continuously in the time domain within a superframe, and continuously mapped in the time domain within the superframe for 6 symbols (such as CP-OFDM symbols).

[0154] Unlike the case shown in Figure 4 where BCH is continuous in the time domain with FTS and STS, Figure 5, exemplarily using the example of BCH occupying 4 symbols in superframe N, illustrates the transmission positions of FTS, STS, and broadcast information in the first 6 radio frames of superframe N. Combined with Figure 13 below, it can be seen that the first 6 radio frames in superframe N mentioned here refer to the first 6 radio frames of a superframe with a Class C frame structure. The first to sixth radio frames of superframe N can be successively named radio frame M to radio frame M+5, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0155] As shown in Figure 5, in one possible design, the first symbol of the first radio frame M of the superframe can be mapped to the FTS, the first symbol of the second radio frame M+1 to the STS, and the first symbol of the third radio frame M+2, the fourth radio frame M+3, the fifth radio frame M+4, and the sixth radio frame M+5 to the BCH. Alternatively, the BCH is located on the first symbol of the third to sixth radio frames of the superframe.

[0156] In the example shown in Figure 5, symbol #0 in radio frame #0 of the superframe can be described as mapping FTS, symbol #0 in radio frame #1 as mapping STS, and symbol #0 in radio frames #2 to #5 as mapping BCH.

[0157] In this design, the synchronization signal block composed of FTS, STS, and BCH can be "dispersed" (or non-continuously) mapped within a superframe. This time-domain dispersion mapping within the superframe lasts for six radio frames, with each mapping location spaced one radio frame apart. Optionally, each radio frame can contain X symbols, where X can be 10, 12, 14, etc. This application does not impose a limit on the number of symbols contained in each radio frame.

[0158] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the time-domain resource location of the STS may also be between the time-domain resource locations of the BCH. Alternatively, the time-domain resource location of the BCH may be partly before the time-domain resource location of the STS and partly after the time-domain resource location of the STS.

[0159] The time-domain resource location of the STS is between the time-domain resource locations of the BCH. For the BCH following the STS, this can reduce channel aging, and the BCH can use a more recent STS for reference.

[0160] For example, taking the STS's temporal resource location as being in the middle of the BCH's temporal resource location, and the BCH occupying 4 symbols in superframe N as an example, Figure 6 shows another schematic diagram of the transmission positions of FTS, STS, and broadcast information in the first radio frame of superframe N. In this embodiment, the first radio frame mentioned here refers to the first radio frame in a superframe with a frame structure of Class A and Class B frames. The first radio frame of superframe N is the first radio frame. As shown in Figure 6, the first symbol of the first radio frame can be mapped to the FTS, the fourth symbol of the first radio frame can be mapped to the STS, and the second, third, fifth, and sixth symbols of the first radio frame can be mapped to the BCH. In other words, the BCH is located on the first radio frame of the superframe and occupies the second, third, fifth, and sixth symbols of the first radio frame for transmission.

[0161] In the example shown in Figure 6, symbol #0 in radio frame #0 of the superframe can be described as mapping FTS, symbol #3 in radio frame #0 as mapping STS, and symbols #1, #2, #4, and #5 in radio frame #0 as mapping BCH.

[0162] In this design, the synchronization signal block composed of FTS, STS and BCH can also be transmitted continuously in the time domain within a superframe, and continuously mapped in the time domain within the superframe for 6 symbols (such as CP-OFDM symbols). Among them, STS can be located in the middle of four BCH symbols to reduce the channel aging of two BCH symbols.

[0163] For example, Figure 7 shows another schematic diagram of the transmission positions of FTS, STS, and broadcast information in the first 6 radio frames of superframe N. In this embodiment, the first 6 radio frames in superframe N mentioned here also refer to the first 6 radio frames of the superframe with a frame structure of Class C. As shown in Figure 7, the first to sixth radio frames of superframe N can be radio frames M to M+5, respectively.

[0164] Specifically, the first symbol of the first radio frame M maps to the FTS, the first symbol of the fourth radio frame M+3 maps to the STS, and the first symbols of the second radio frame M+1, the third radio frame M+2, the fifth radio frame M+4, and the sixth radio frame M+5 map to the BCH. Alternatively, the BCH is located on the first symbol of the second, third, fifth, and sixth radio frames of the superframe.

[0165] In the example shown in Figure 7, symbol #0 in radio frame #0 of the superframe can be described as mapping FTS, symbol #0 in radio frame #3 as mapping STS, and symbol #0 in radio frames #1, #2, #4, and #5 as mapping BCH.

[0166] In this design, the synchronization signal block composed of FTS, STS and BCH can be "distributed" and mapped within a superframe. The time domain of the superframe is distributed and mapped for 6 radio frames, with each mapping position separated by one radio frame. The STS can be located in the middle of the four BCH symbols to reduce the channel aging of two BCH symbols.

[0167] It should be noted that the above description is only an example. In some possible designs, the STS symbol can be arbitrarily inserted between the four BCH symbols, which can also reduce the aging of the BCH channel. This application does not restrict the position of the STS.

[0168] Optionally, in this embodiment, the radio frame can be divided into three types: G radio frame (GF), T radio frame (TF), and mixed radio frame (MF). In the GF, all symbols are used for G link transmission. In the TF, all symbols are used for T link transmission. The MF contains several G symbols (GS), handover symbols (GAP), and several T symbols (TS). Specific symbol configuration can be indicated through a communication domain system message, which can be represented as "domainSysInfo-Group0->frameFormatControl->MFSymbolConfig".

[0169] Based on the superframe GF / MF / TF configuration structure and applicable scenarios, the system frame structure can be divided into three categories: Class A, Class B, and Class C. For example, the time slot allocation is defined by the time granularity of the radio frame. Table 1 shows the time slot allocation definition, and the protocol supports 11 allocations, numbered sequentially from #0 to #10.

[0170] Table 1

[0171] Please refer to Table 1 and Figures 8 to 10. Figure 8 shows the correspondence between the frame structure and time slot ratio of Class A frames. In Class A frames, the radio frame ratio can be 0 to 6, and one MF frame can be included within 1 ms. The frames are uniformly scheduled within 1 ms, meaning the transmission time interval (TTI) is 1 ms, supporting applications with 1 ms-level transmission latency. Figure 9 shows the correspondence between the frame structure and time slot ratio of Class B frames. In Class B frames, the radio frame ratio can be 7, 8, or 9. Each 1 ms contains two 0.5 ms half super frames (HSFs), meaning one HSF frame is included every 0.5 ms. The two HSFs are independently scheduled, meaning the TTI = 0.5 ms, supporting applications with 0.5 ms-level transmission latency. Figure 10 shows the relationship between the frame structure and time slot ratio of Class C frames. In Class C frames, the radio frame ratio can be 10, and 8 MF radio frames (125us) are contained within 1ms. Each radio frame is scheduled independently, that is, TTI = 125us, which supports 125us-level transmission latency applications.

[0172] As can be seen from the above, the duration of the superframe described in this embodiment is 1ms, comprising 8 radio frames. Furthermore, when the superframe's frame structure type is Class B, the superframe contains two 0.5ms half-superframes within 1ms, each half-superframe comprising 4 radio frames. When the superframe's frame structure type is Class C, the 8 radio frames are 8 hybrid radio frames.

[0173] Optionally, in the scenario described above where "broadcast information and the first training signal and the second training signal are transmitted in the same superframe in a time-domain continuous manner," for example, in the examples given in Figures 4 and 6, the frame structure type of the superframe (such as superframe N) can be either the above-mentioned type A frame or type B frame.

[0174] Optionally, in the scenario described above where "broadcast information and the first training signal and the second training signal are transmitted in the same superframe in a time-domain distributed manner," for example, in the examples given in Figures 5 and 7, the frame structure type of the superframe (such as superframe N) can be the aforementioned Class C frame.

[0175] For example, Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the symbol positions of FTS, STS, and BCH in a Class A frame, Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the symbol positions of FTS, STS, and BCH in a Class B frame, and Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the symbol positions of FTS, STS, and BCH in a Class C frame.

[0176] As shown in Figures 11 and 12, for Class A and B frames, the broadcast information is located on radio frame #0 of a superframe, after the synchronization sequence (FTS and STS), and is transmitted using symbols #2, #3, #4, and #5. As shown in Figure 13, for Class C frames, the broadcast information is located on the first symbol of radio frames #2, #3, #4, and #5, while FTS and STS can be located on the first symbol of radio frames #0 and #1.

[0177] Optionally, in this embodiment, the antenna port for transmitting FTS signals is the same at different times; for example, antenna port 100 is used by default. Optionally, the antenna port for transmitting STS signals is the same at different times; for example, antenna port 100 is used by default. Optionally, the antenna port for transmitting broadcast information is the same as the antenna port for transmitting STS.

[0178] In some embodiments of this application, the BCH mentioned in the embodiments described above can also be replaced with other control signals or information, and no limitation is made here.

[0179] It should be understood that in the above embodiments, each device, such as a management device and / or a terminal device, can perform some or all of the steps in each embodiment. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of this application can also perform other operations or variations of various operations. Furthermore, the steps can be performed in different orders as presented in the embodiments, and it is not necessary to perform all the operations in the embodiments of this application. Moreover, the sequence number of each step does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0180] The foregoing primarily describes the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application from the perspective of the device. It is understood that, in order to achieve the above functions, the device includes corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0181] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 1400 can be a management node or a terminal node, or it can be a chip or functional module in a management node or a terminal node. As shown in Figure 14, the electronic device 1400 includes a processor 1401, a transceiver 1402, and a communication line 1403.

[0182] The processor 1401 is used to execute any step in the method embodiment shown in FIG3, and when performing processes such as sending physical layer-specific configuration information, it can selectively call the transceiver 1402 and the communication line 1403 to complete the corresponding operation.

[0183] Furthermore, the electronic device 1400 may also include a memory 1404. The processor 1401, the memory 1404, and the transceiver 1402 can be connected via a communication line 1403.

[0184] Transceiver 1402 is used to communicate with other devices or other communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), etc. Transceiver 1402 can be a module, circuit, transceiver, or any device capable of enabling communication.

[0185] The transceiver 1402 is mainly used for sending and receiving messages, and may include a transmitter and a receiver to send and receive messages, respectively; operations other than sending and receiving messages are implemented by the processor, such as generating transmission frames.

[0186] Communication line 1403 is used to transmit information between the various components included in electronic device 1400.

[0187] In one design, the processor can be viewed as a logic circuit, and the transceiver as an interface circuit.

[0188] Memory 1404 is used to store instructions. These instructions can be computer programs.

[0189] It should be noted that the memory 1404 can exist independently of the processor 1401, or it can be integrated with the processor 1401. The memory 1404 can be used to store instructions, program code, or some data, etc. The memory 1404 can be located inside or outside the electronic device 1400, without limitation. The processor 1401 is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 1404 to implement the method provided in the above embodiments of this application.

[0190] In one example, processor 1401 may include one or more processors, such as processor 0 and processor 1 in Figure 14.

[0191] As an alternative implementation, the electronic device 1400 may include multiple processors, for example, in addition to processor 1401 in FIG. 14, it may also include processor 1407.

[0192] As an optional implementation, the electronic device 1400 also includes an output device 1405 and an input device 1406. For example, the input device 1406 is a device such as a keyboard, mouse, microphone, or joystick, and the output device 1405 is a device such as a display screen or speaker.

[0193] It should be noted that the electronic device 1400 can be a chip system or a device with a similar structure to that shown in Figure 14. The chip system can be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete components. Actions, terms, etc., involved in the various embodiments of this application can be referenced interchangeably without limitation. The message names or parameter names in the messages used for interaction between devices in the embodiments of this application are merely examples; other names may be used in specific implementations without limitation. Furthermore, the composition structure shown in Figure 14 does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device 1400. In addition to the components shown in Figure 14, the electronic device 1400 may include more or fewer components than those shown in Figure 14, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0194] The processor and transceiver described in this application can be implemented on integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits, mixed-signal ICs, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards (PCBs), electronic devices, etc. The processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS), n-metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), p-type metal oxide semiconductors (PMOS), bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.

[0195] This application embodiment can divide the device into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into a management node or terminal node. The integrated modules can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0196] Figure 15 is a block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. When each functional module is divided according to its corresponding function, the communication device 1500 may include a communication module 1501 and a processing module 1502. Exemplarily, the communication device may be a management node or a terminal node, or it may be a chip in the management node or terminal node, or other combined devices or components having the functions described above. When the communication device 1500 is a management node or a terminal node, the communication module 1501 may be a transceiver, which may include an antenna and radio frequency circuits, etc.; the processing module 1502 may be a processor (or processing circuit), such as a baseband processor, which may include one or more CPUs. When the communication device 1500 is a device or component having the functions described above, the communication module 1501 may be a radio frequency unit; the processing module 1502 may be a processor (or processing circuit), such as a baseband processor. When the communication device 1500 is a chip system, the communication module 1501 can be the input / output interface of the chip (e.g., a baseband chip); the processing module 1502 can be the processor (or processing circuitry) of the chip system, and may include one or more central processing units. It should be understood that the communication module 1501 in this embodiment can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuit components; the processing module 1502 can be implemented by a processor or processor-related circuit components (or, referred to as processing circuitry).

[0197] In some instances, the communication device includes a star flash module for transmitting star flash signals. The device also includes a module for transmitting broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal. The broadcast information is transmitted within the same superframe as the first and second training signals, and within the superframe, the time-domain resource position of the broadcast information follows the time-domain resource position of the first training signal. The broadcast information is used to broadcast basic physical layer transmission information for this communication domain. Both the first and second training signals are synchronization signals, enabling other nodes to search the communication domain and synchronize with it in time and frequency.

[0198] The module used to send broadcast information, the first training signal, and the second training signal can be a communication module 1501.

[0199] The processing module 1502 can be used to generate broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal during this process.

[0200] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the communication device further includes a Bluetooth module for implementing Bluetooth signal transmission and / or a WiFi module for implementing WiFi signal transmission. One or more of the following modules—the StarScan module, the Bluetooth module, or the WiFi module—share at least one of the following: an RF unit, a modem unit, a MAC unit, and a CPU.

[0201] In one possible implementation, the star flash module and the WiFi module for WiFi signal transmission are located in different subsystems of the communication device. The subsystem of the star flash module and the subsystem of the WiFi module are integrated in the communication device with at least one of the following: Bluetooth system, SLE system, GNSS, always-on system, PMU, CMU, flash memory, application system, and audio system.

[0202] In one possible implementation, the StarScan module and the WiFi module for WiFi signal transmission are located in the same subsystem of the communication device. The subsystems of the StarScan module and the WiFi module are integrated into the communication device with at least one of the following: Bluetooth system, StarScan Low Power SLE system, GNSS, always-on system, PMU, CMU, flash memory, application system, and audio system.

[0203] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes a Bluetooth module for transmitting Bluetooth signals and / or a WiFi module for transmitting WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth module or WiFi module and the star-flash module coexist and communicate with each other through different antennas. The coexistence strategy includes at least one of the following: frequency division multiplexing, code division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, channel avoidance, or aggregation scheduling.

[0204] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes a Bluetooth module for transmitting Bluetooth signals and / or a WiFi module for transmitting WiFi signals. At least one of the Bluetooth module or WiFi module coexists and communicates with the star-flash module through the same antenna. The coexistence strategy includes at least one of the following: frequency division multiplexing, code division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, software static strategy, or PTA strategy.

[0205] In this embodiment, the communication module 1501 and the processing module 1502 can be deployed simultaneously in the StarSignal module, Bluetooth module, or Wi-Fi module; or, in this embodiment, the communication module 1501 can be deployed in the StarSignal module, Bluetooth module, or Wi-Fi module, and the processing module 1502 can be deployed in other modules besides the StarSignal module, Bluetooth module, or Wi-Fi module; or, in this embodiment, the processing module 1502 can be deployed in the StarSignal module, Bluetooth module, or Wi-Fi module, and the communication module 1501 can be deployed in other modules besides the StarSignal module, Bluetooth module, or Wi-Fi module. This embodiment does not specifically limit the specific deployment of these modules.

[0206] As another possible implementation, the communication module 1501 in FIG. 15 can be replaced by the transceiver 1402 in FIG. 14, which can integrate the functions of the communication module 1501. The processing module 1502 can be replaced by the processor 1407, which can integrate the functions of the communication module 1502. Furthermore, the communication device 1500 shown in FIG. 15 may also include a memory (not shown in the figure). When the communication module 1501 is replaced by the transceiver 1402 and the processing module 1502 is replaced by the processor 1407, the communication device 1500 involved in the embodiments of this application can be the electronic device 1400 shown in FIG. 14.

[0207] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. This communication device is applicable to the scenarios shown in the above-described method embodiments. For ease of explanation, Figure 16 only shows the main components of the communication device, including a processor, memory, control circuit, and input / output devices. The processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, execute software programs, and process the data of the software programs. The memory is mainly used to store software programs and data. The control circuit is mainly used for power supply and the transmission of various electrical signals. The input / output devices are mainly used to receive user input data and output data to the user.

[0208] When the communication device is a management node or a terminal node, the control circuit can be a motherboard, the memory includes storage media such as hard disks, RAM, and ROM, and the processor can include a baseband processor and a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU is mainly used to control the entire communication device, execute software programs, and process data from the software programs. Input / output devices include displays, keyboards, and mice. The control circuit can further include or be connected to transceiver circuits or transceivers, such as network cable interfaces, for sending or receiving data or signals, such as for data transmission and communication with other devices. Furthermore, it can also include an antenna for sending and receiving messages, for data / request transmission with other devices.

[0209] The solutions provided in this application are applicable to at least one of wireless communication methods, including Bluetooth (BT) communication, Sparklink (or Nearlink) communication, and Wi-Fi communication. In this application, BT and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) can refer to each other. Sparklink can include at least one of the following: Sparklink Low Energy (SLE), Sparklink Basic (SLB), or Sparklink Position (SLP). In this application, Sparklink can refer to Sparklink Low Energy (SLE), Sparklink Basic (SLB), or Sparklink Position (SLP).

[0210] The following describes some embodiments of the solution provided in this application.

[0211] Example 1:

[0212] Bluetooth (BT), Wi-Fi, and SparkLink (or NearLink) can all use the 2.4GHz or 5GHz frequency bands and have similarities. Some modules can be reused, thus saving chip cost, area, and power consumption. Chip resources can be highly reused, allowing for rapid iteration of multiple chips.

[0213] WIFI and SLB can share a single RF architecture and path. Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of a chip architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 17, through design, resource sharing can be achieved among the CPU, radio frequency (RF) unit, analog baseband (ABB) unit, or modem, and some modules of the media access control (MAC) layer can be reused, thereby saving chip area and reducing chip cost and power consumption.

[0214] Figure 18 shows another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. As can be seen from Figure 18, the MAC units for BT, SLB, and WiFi are implemented independently, while the RF units and Modem units for each mode are all shared.

[0215] Figure 19 shows another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. As can be seen from Figure 19, the MAC units of BT, SLB and WiFi are implemented independently, and the Modems of BT, SLB and WiFi are also implemented independently, while the RF units of each mode are all shared.

[0216] Figure 20 shows another chip architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. As can be seen from Figure 20, the MAC units of BT, SLB and WiFi are implemented independently. The modem is shared for some modes such as WiFi and SLB, while the modem of other modes such as BT is implemented independently. The RF of all modes is shared.

[0217] Example 2:

[0218] The StarSpark chip can be manufactured using 14 / 28 / 40nm processes and packaged in chip-size packages (CSP), ball grid arrays (BGA), and quad flat no-lead (QFN) formats, employing either internal or external flash memory. Depending on the application scenario, at least one of the following subsystems can be integrated onto a single chip: power management unit (PMU), clock management unit (CMU), active optical network (AON), wireless local area network (WLAN), or BT, StarSpark, global navigation satellite system (GNSS), application (APP), and audio. This minimizes area, maximizes functionality, and improves performance and reliability.

[0219] This application provides a chip design approach where the stroboscopic subsystem is integrated with other subsystems onto a single chip. Depending on the product, the chip's subsystems can be tailored and combined, and the different subsystems are connected via a bus.

[0220] Figure 21 shows a schematic diagram of a chip module framework provided in an embodiment of this application. As can be seen from Figure 21, for products requiring BT or GNSS functional modules, and simultaneously needing to connect to WIFI and satellite flash devices, WIFI and SLB can be separated into different Systems, and then combined with at least one of the following on a single chip: BT System, SLE System, GNSS System, Always On System, PMU, CMU, Flash memory, APP System, and Audio System. Different subsystems are connected via a bus.

[0221] Figure 22 shows another schematic diagram of a chip module framework provided in an embodiment of this application. As can be seen from Figure 22, in some embodiments, in order to save area and cost, WIFI and SLB can be combined into one subsystem, and then combined with at least one of BT System, SLE System, GNSS System, Always On System, PMU, CMU, Flash memory, APP System, Audio System, etc. on a single chip, with different subsystems connected through a bus.

[0222] Example 3:

[0223] The WiFi / SLB 2.4GHz band operates in the 2412–2472MHz range, while the BT / BLE / SLE band operates in the 2402–2480MHz range, which may cause mutual interference. Within the same core, SLB and WiFi can allocate service time slots through software scheduling; however, there is a lack of unified scheduling for SLB and WiFi / BT / BLE / SLE on different cores.

[0224] This application provides a communication coexistence scheme for SLB / WIFI / SLE / BT / BLE. Based on whether SLB and WIFI / SLE / BT / BLE share an antenna, the coexistence scenario is divided into coexistence with different antennas (using different antennas) and coexistence with the same antenna (using the same antenna), and different coexistence strategies are given.

[0225] For the coexistence of different antennas, if SLB and Wi-Fi coexist, it can be ensured that the transmit and receive frequencies of SLB and Wi-Fi are different (i.e., frequency division multiplexing). The software can handle this from the aspects of code division multiplexing, service cycle, and interval (i.e., frequency division multiplexing). If SLB and SLE / BT / BLE coexist, and the isolation requirement cannot be met, it is necessary to avoid the channels where SLE / BT / BLE is located (i.e., channel avoidance) to reduce the impact of SLE / BT / BLE. At the same time, an aggregation scheduling mechanism can be added to aggregate and centrally send SLE / BT / BLE data packets (i.e., aggregation scheduling) to reduce the probability of interference from SLE / BT / BLE.

[0226] For shared antenna coexistence, software static strategies or hardware arbitration time-division strategies (such as packet traffic arbitration, PTA) can be used. Frequency division multiplexing, code division multiplexing, and time division multiplexing can also be employed. The advantages of software static strategies are: low hardware requirements, minimal software modifications, and no dynamic radio frequency (RF) switching (such as RF recovery). The advantages of PTA strategies are: faster service state switching and finer granularity of switching time. Packet traffic arbitration (PTA) can also be called data packet traffic arbitration.

[0227] Taking the coexistence of SLB and SLE / BT / BLE as an example, Figure 23 illustrates a framework diagram of a software static strategy provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 23, the software static strategy may include: after SLB starts, the software configuration host notifies SLE / BT / BLE to exit the current RF path. In this scenario, SLE / BT / BLE can check the SLB startup flag, and the software can be configured to switch from the current RF path to another RF path. The chip needs to support software-configured switching.

[0228] Taking the coexistence of SLB and WIFI as an example, Figure 24 illustrates a framework diagram of a software static strategy provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 24, the software static strategy may include: after SLB starts, the software configures the host to notify WIFI to exit the current radio frequency path. In this scenario, WIFI can check the SLB startup flag, and the software can be configured to switch from the current radio frequency path to another radio frequency path. The chip needs to support software-configured switching.

[0229] For example, Figure 25 illustrates a framework diagram of a Message Transmission Arbitration (PTA) strategy provided in this application embodiment. The PTA can use an arbitrator to determine whether one or more of the SLB / WIFI / SLE / BT / BLE uses the radio frequency (RF) and the RF occupancy status. For instance, if the SLB needs to use the RF, it can request access from the arbitrator. The arbitrator can decide whether the SLB is allowed to use the RF based on the SLB's access request, access policy, and actual occupancy status. The PTA architecture can adopt a two-line, three-line, or four-line architecture, etc., specifically designed and configured according to business requirements. As shown in Figure 25, the Message Transmission Arbitration (PTA) strategy includes time-division multiplexing of any combination of transmit (TX) and receive (RX) signals from each party in the SLB / WIFI / SLE / BT / BLE. The PTA module can transmit the RF channel occupancy status to each party separately, using different level signals to indicate that the RF channel is occupied by one or more of the SLB / WIFI / SLE / BT / BLE, and using these level signals to notify the software or hardware to perform corresponding processing. Different services can also be assigned different PTA priorities, and services with higher priorities can preempt air interface resources.

[0230] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code. When the computer program code is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute any of the methods described in the embodiments of this application.

[0231] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be executed by a computer or a communication-enabled device using computer programs or instructions to control related hardware. The computer program or set of instructions can be stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program or set of instructions can include the processes described in the above method embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the management node or terminal node in any of the foregoing embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory of the management node or terminal node. The computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the management node or terminal node, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc., equipped on the management node or terminal node. Further, the computer-readable storage medium can include both internal storage units of the management node or terminal node and external storage devices. The computer-readable storage medium is used to store the computer program or instructions and other programs and data required by the management node or terminal node. The computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0232] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0233] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the device described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0234] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0235] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0236] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0237] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (personal computer, server, or management node, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0238] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: The system transmits broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal. The broadcast information is transmitted within the same superframe as the first and second training signals, and within the superframe, the time-domain resource position of the broadcast information is after the time-domain resource position of the first training signal. The broadcast information is used to broadcast basic physical layer transmission information of the communication domain. Both the first and second training signals are synchronization signals, used to enable other nodes to search the communication domain and synchronize with it in time and frequency.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first training signal is used by other nodes to synchronize time and frequency with the management node to align time and frequency with the management node, and the second training signal is used by terminal nodes to synchronize frequency to align frequency with the management node.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication domain is the carrier wave.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second training signal is the demodulation reference signal for the broadcast information.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Within the superframe, the temporal resource location of the second training signal is after the temporal resource location of the first training signal, and the temporal resource location of the broadcast information is after the temporal resource location of the second training signal.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the frame structure of the superframe is of type A or type B, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the second symbol of the first radio frame, and the broadcast information is mapped at the third to sixth symbols of the first radio frame.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the frame structure of the superframe is of type C, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the second radio frame of the superframe, and the broadcast information is mapped at the first symbol of the third radio frame, the first symbol of the fourth radio frame, the first symbol of the fifth radio frame, and the first symbol of the sixth radio frame of the superframe.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, When the frame structure of the superframe is of type A or type B, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the fourth symbol of the first radio frame, and the broadcast information is mapped at the second, third, fifth, and sixth symbols of the first radio frame.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, When the frame structure of the superframe is of type C, the first training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the first radio frame of the superframe, the second training signal is mapped at the first symbol of the fourth radio frame of the superframe, and the broadcast information is mapped at the first symbol of the second radio frame, the first symbol of the third radio frame, the first symbol of the fifth radio frame, and the first symbol of the sixth radio frame of the superframe.

10. The method according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that, The duration of the superframe is 1ms, which includes 8 radio frames. When the frame structure of the superframe is of type B, the superframe contains two 0.5ms half-superframes within the 1ms, and each half-superframe includes 4 radio frames.

11. The method according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that, The duration of the superframe is 1ms, which includes 8 radio frames. When the frame structure of the superframe is of type C, the 8 radio frames are 8 hybrid radio frames.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna port for transmitting the broadcast information is the same as the antenna port for transmitting the second training signal.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna port that transmits the first training signal at different times is the same.

14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna port that transmits the second training signal at different times is the same.

15. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a star flash module for transmitting star flash signals, and the communication device further includes: A module for sending broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal. The broadcast information is sent within the same superframe as the first and second training signals, and within the superframe, the time-domain resource position of the broadcast information is after the time-domain resource position of the first training signal. The broadcast information is used to broadcast basic physical layer transmission information of the communication domain. The first and second training signals are both synchronization signals, used to enable other nodes to search the communication domain and synchronize with the communication domain in time and frequency.

16. The communication device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The communication device is also used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 2 to 14.

17. The communication device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a Bluetooth module for transmitting Bluetooth signals and / or a WiFi module for transmitting WiFi signals, wherein one or more of the StarScan module, the Bluetooth module, or the WiFi module share a radio frequency (RF) unit.

18. The communication device according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a Bluetooth module for realizing Bluetooth signal transmission and / or a WiFi module for realizing WiFi signal transmission. One or more of the StarScan module, the Bluetooth module, or the WiFi module share at least one of the following: a radio frequency (RF) unit, a modem unit, a media access control (MAC) unit, and a central processing unit (CPU).

19. The communication device according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that, The StarSpark module and the WiFi module for WiFi signal transmission are located in different subsystems of the communication device. The subsystem of the StarSpark module and the subsystem of the WiFi module are integrated in the communication device with at least one of the following: Bluetooth system, StarSpark Low Power SLE system, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Always On system, Power Management Unit (PMU), Clock Management Unit (CMU), Flash memory, application system, and audio system.

20. The communication device according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that, The StarSpark module and the WiFi module for WiFi signal transmission are located in the same subsystem of the communication device. The subsystems of the StarSpark module and the WiFi module are integrated in the communication device with at least one of the following: Bluetooth system, StarSpark Low Energy (SLE) system, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Always On System, Power Management Unit (PMU), Clock Management Unit (CMU), Flash memory, application system, and audio system.

21. The communication device according to any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a Bluetooth module for realizing Bluetooth signal transmission and / or a WiFi module for realizing WiFi signal transmission. At least one of the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module coexists and communicates with the star flash module through different antennas. The coexistence strategy includes at least one of the following: frequency division multiplexing, code division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, channel avoidance, or aggregation scheduling.

22. The communication device according to any one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that, The communication device further includes a Bluetooth module for implementing Bluetooth signal transmission and / or a WiFi module for implementing WiFi signal transmission. At least one of the Bluetooth module or the WiFi module coexists and communicates with the StarScan module through the same antenna. The coexistence strategy includes at least one of the following: frequency division multiplexing, code division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, software static strategy, or message transmission arbitration (PTA) strategy.

23. A communication device, characterized in that, The apparatus includes a processor configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-14.

24. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes instructions that, when executed, cause the method of any one of claims 1-14 to be implemented.

25. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is executed, it causes the method described in any one of claims 1-14 to be implemented.

26. A chip, characterized in that, The chip includes: Processing circuits and interface circuits; The interface circuit is used to couple with the memory outside the chip and to provide a communication interface for the processing circuit to access the memory. The processing circuit is used to execute program instructions in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

27. A communication system, characterized in that, The system includes: a management node and a terminal node; The management node is used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, sending broadcast information, a first training signal, and a second training signal to the terminal node.

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