Battery module and electrical device

Abstract

The present application provides a battery module and an electrical device. The battery module comprises a housing, a first pressure relief portion, a battery cell assembly, and a cover. The housing is provided with an accommodation space having an opening. The housing comprises a first side wall and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other. The first side wall comprises a first exhaust channel. The first exhaust channel comprises a first inlet. The first pressure relief portion is configured to discharge gas from the first exhaust channel. At least a portion of the battery cell assembly is arranged in the accommodation space. The first inlet is configured such that a gas generated by the battery cell assembly flows into the first exhaust channel via the first inlet. The cover is connected to the housing. The battery module provided by the present application can reduce the possibility of explosion caused by a continuous increase in internal pressure of the battery module.

Description

Battery modules and electrical equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411191197.1, filed on August 28, 2024, entitled "Battery Module and Electrical Equipment", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery module and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0003] A battery module is a device that can continue to be used after the battery cell has been discharged, by recharging to reactivate the active materials. Battery modules are widely used in electrical devices such as mobile phones, laptops, power tools, and vehicles. Ensuring the safety of battery modules is one of the key research directions in battery technology development. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery module and electrical equipment that can reduce the possibility of explosion caused by the continuous rise of internal pressure in the battery module.

[0005] This application provides a battery module, which includes a housing, a first pressure relief section, a cell assembly, and a cover.

[0006] The housing has an accommodating space with an opening. The housing includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall disposed opposite each other. The first sidewall includes a first venting passage. The first venting passage includes a first inlet. A first pressure relief section is configured to discharge gas from the first venting passage. At least a portion of the battery cell assembly is disposed in the accommodating space. The first inlet is configured to allow gas generated by the battery cell assembly to flow into the first venting passage. A cover is attached to the housing.

[0007] In the battery module of this application embodiment, the housing includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall. The first sidewall includes a first exhaust channel, which forms an exhaust path. When thermal runaway occurs in the cell assembly of the battery module, the gas generated by the cell assembly can flow into the first exhaust channel through the first inlet, and the gas in the first exhaust channel can be discharged to the outside of the battery module through the first pressure relief part, thereby depressurizing the battery module and reducing the possibility of an explosion due to a continuous rise in internal pressure.

[0008] In the battery module of this application embodiment, by setting a first exhaust channel on the corresponding first sidewall, the first sidewall can be reused, reducing the need for other additional structural components. Setting a first exhaust channel on the structural component helps to reduce the number of components used, improve the structural compactness of the battery module, and thus help to improve the energy density of the battery module.

[0009] Furthermore, in the scenario where battery modules are used in vehicles, the first pressure relief section on the battery module can be set downwards, so that the gas discharged from the battery module can be sprayed downwards instead of towards the occupants, which helps to reduce the possibility of the battery module causing thermal runaway posing a safety hazard to the occupants.

[0010] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the first sidewall includes a first wall and a second wall spaced apart. The second wall is located between the first wall and the second sidewall. The first exhaust passage and the receiving space are located on opposite sides of the second wall. The separation of the receiving space and the first exhaust passage helps to extend the gas emission path and improve the safety of the battery module.

[0011] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the first sidewall includes two first end walls. The two first end walls connect the first wall and the second wall, forming a first inlet. Connecting the first wall and the second wall with two first end walls helps to improve the connection strength of the first sidewall.

[0012] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the battery module includes a flame arrester. The flame arrester is disposed in a first venting channel. The flame arrester has a first opening layer and a second opening layer arranged sequentially. The first opening layer is closer to the cover than the second opening layer. The first opening layer includes a plurality of first openings. The second opening layer includes a plurality of second openings. The area of ​​the plurality of first openings is larger than the area of ​​the plurality of second openings.

[0013] High-temperature particles can collide with and be intercepted by the flame arrester. The intercepted high-temperature particles can remain in the vicinity of the flame arrester. The flame arrester in this embodiment can block high-temperature particles, reducing the number of high-temperature particles that are discharged with the gas to the outside of the battery module, and reducing the possibility that high-temperature particles will deflagrate and form an open flame after contacting with external oxygen.

[0014] The first and second opening layers can be used to block high-temperature particles of different sizes. On the one hand, this can effectively improve the overall blocking performance and blocking effect of the flame arrester. On the other hand, high-temperature particles of different sizes can be dispersed in different first and second opening layers and blocked, reducing the blockage of the first or second opening layer by particles.

[0015] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the first sidewall and the second sidewall are disposed opposite to each other along a first direction. The housing includes a third sidewall and a fourth sidewall disposed opposite to each other along a second direction, and a bottom wall disposed opposite to the cover along a third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are mutually perpendicular. Viewed along the third direction, a portion of each first opening overlaps with at least one second opening. A portion of each first opening is separate from at least one second opening.

[0016] Along the third direction, high-temperature particles passing through the first opening can effectively impact the area surrounding the second opening on the flame arrestor and be blocked by the flame arrestor, thereby improving the overall blocking performance and blocking effect of the flame arrestor.

[0017] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the first sidewall includes a connecting wall. The connecting wall is located between the first wall and the second wall. The flame arrester is fixed to the connecting wall. This can improve the positional stability and impact resistance of the flame arrester. After the high-pressure gas in the containment space enters the first exhaust channel through the first inlet, the impact force of the high-pressure gas on the flame arrester is relatively large. The flame arrester is connected and fixed to the connecting wall, so it is not easy for the flame arrester to move even when subjected to a large impact force, reducing the possibility of the flame arrester failing due to changes in its own position.

[0018] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, a first pressure relief section is provided on the first sidewall. The first pressure relief section is configured to discharge gas passing through the flame arrester. High-temperature particles can be blocked by the flame arrester, reducing the possibility of obstructed exhaust due to particles clogging the first pressure relief section.

[0019] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the cover includes a base and a fixing portion connected to the base. The fixing portion is connected to a first sidewall. The fixing portion includes an extension. The extension is connected to the inner wall of the first wall. The extension covers the connection area between the end face of the fixing portion and the end face of the first wall, making it difficult for high-pressure gas to escape from between the end face of the fixing portion and the end face of the first wall to the outside of the battery module.

[0020] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the second sidewall includes a second exhaust channel. The second exhaust channel includes a second inlet. The second inlet is configured to allow gas generated by the battery cell assembly to flow into the second exhaust channel. The housing includes a bottom wall and a base plate connected to the bottom wall. The base plate and the bottom wall form a third exhaust channel. The second exhaust channel communicates with the third exhaust channel. The battery module includes a second pressure relief section. The second pressure relief section is configured to discharge gas from the third exhaust channel.

[0021] The first exhaust channel forms one exhaust path. The second and third exhaust channels can form another exhaust path. When the battery cell assembly experiences thermal runaway and generates gas, the gas can flow along the exhaust paths formed by the first, second, and third exhaust channels, respectively. The gas is discharged to the outside of the battery module through the first and second pressure relief sections, improving the pressure relief capacity of the battery module and reducing the possibility of an explosion due to a continuous rise in internal pressure.

[0022] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the second sidewall is connected to the bottom wall. The bottom wall has an opening. The opening connects the second exhaust channel and the third exhaust channel. By providing an opening in the bottom wall, the bottom wall can be reused, reducing the number of structural components used to connect the second and third exhaust channels, which helps to reduce the number of components used and improve the structural compactness of the battery module.

[0023] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the housing includes a bottom wall and a base plate connected to the bottom wall. The base plate and the bottom wall form a fourth venting channel. The first venting channel communicates with the fourth venting channel. The first venting channel and the fourth venting channel are located on different sides of the cell assembly. This facilitates a further extended gas emission path, improving the safety of the battery module.

[0024] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the battery cell assembly includes a battery cell. The battery cell includes a body portion, electrode terminals, and a pressure relief portion. The electrode terminals are connected to the body portion. The pressure relief portion is located on the side of the body portion closer to the cover. Because the pressure relief portion is close to the cover, high-pressure gas discharged from the pressure relief portion can flow relatively easily and relatively quickly into the first exhaust channel, thereby improving exhaust efficiency.

[0025] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the base plate is provided with a recess and a notch communicating with the recess. The notch and the bottom wall form a first pressure relief portion, which is an opening communicating with the outside of the battery module.

[0026] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the first pressure relief part may be an opening provided in the base plate, which communicates with the outside of the battery module.

[0027] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the area of ​​at least one first opening is greater than the area of ​​any one of the second openings.

[0028] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the fire arrester is provided with a third opening layer. The first opening layer, the second opening layer, and the third opening layer are arranged sequentially. The first opening layer is closer to the cover than the second opening layer. The second opening layer is closer to the cover than the third opening layer, and the total area of ​​all second openings is greater than the total area of ​​all third openings.

[0029] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the area of ​​at least one second opening is greater than the area of ​​any one of the third openings.

[0030] In one or more of the above optional embodiments, the first pressure relief part includes a plurality of through holes penetrating the first wall.

[0031] This application provides an electrical device that includes the battery module described above. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the first sidewall of Figure 2 in this application;

[0036] Figure 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the housing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery module provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 6 is a partial exploded structural diagram of the battery module in Figure 5 of this application;

[0039] Figure 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the first sidewall of Figure 5 in this application;

[0040] Figure 8 is a partial exploded view of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point M in Figure 8;

[0042] Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery module shown in Figure 5 of this application.

[0043] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a fire arrester provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flame arrester provided in an embodiment of this application, viewed along a third direction.

[0045] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery module provided in Figure 13 of this application.

[0047] Figure 15 is an enlarged schematic diagram of point W in Figure 14;

[0048] Figure 16 is a partial exploded structural diagram of the battery module provided in Figure 13 of this application;

[0049] Figure 17 is a structural schematic diagram of the base plate provided in Figures 2 and 13 of this application;

[0050] Figure 18 is a partial exploded structural diagram of the battery module provided in Figure 13 of this application;

[0051] Figure 19 is a structural schematic diagram of the second sidewall provided in Figure 13 of this application;

[0052] Figure 20 is a partial exploded view of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0053] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10, Battery module; 20, Housing; 201, Receiving space; 202, First pressure relief section; 203, Second pressure relief section; 21, Bottom wall; 211, Opening; 22, First side wall; 220, First side wall opening; 22a, First exhaust channel; 22a1, First inlet; 22a2, First outlet; 221, First wall; 222, Second wall; 223, First end wall; 23, Second side wall; 23a, Second exhaust channel; 23a1, Second inlet; 23a2, Second outlet; 231, Third wall; 232, Fourth wall; 233, Second end wall; 24, Third side wall; 25, Fourth side wall; 26, Connecting wall; 30, Cell assembly; 31, Cell; 311, Main body; 312, Electrode terminal; 313, Pressure relief section; 40. Cover; 41. Base; 42. Fixing part; 421. Extension part; 50. Foam; 60. Insulating sheet; 70. Flame arrester; 71. First opening layer; 711. First opening; 72. Second opening layer; 721. Second opening; 73. Third opening layer; 731. Third opening; 80. Base plate; 81. Recess; 82. Notch; 90. Third exhaust channel; 91. Fourth exhaust channel; 100. Printed circuit board; 110. Insulating cover; X, First direction; Y, Second direction; Z, Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of this application pertain.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0057] Furthermore, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] The battery module mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a module that includes battery cell components. When the battery cell components inside the battery module experience thermal runaway, a large amount of gas or high-temperature particulate matter will be generated. If the gas cannot be discharged to the outside of the battery module in time, the internal pressure of the battery module will continue to rise, and there is a possibility that the battery module may explode due to the failure of the battery module structural components.

[0060] In order to address the safety hazards that exist during the use of battery modules, the applicant discovered that the exhaust channels of the battery modules can be designed so that internal gases can be discharged in a timely manner in the event of thermal runaway.

[0061] Based on the above considerations, this application provides a battery module. In such a battery module, the casing has a venting channel. In the event of thermal runaway, internal gases can be discharged to the outside of the battery module through the venting channel, effectively reducing the possibility of the battery module exploding.

[0062] Figures 1 to 4 schematically show a first embodiment of the battery module 10. Figures 5, 6, 7, and 10 schematically show a second embodiment of the battery module 10. Figures 13 to 20 schematically show a third embodiment of the battery module 10.

[0063] Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the battery module 10 includes a housing 20 and a cell assembly 30. The housing 20 has an opening-type receiving space 201, in which the cell assembly 30 is at least partially disposed. The housing 20 includes a bottom wall 21, a first side wall 22 and a second side wall 23 disposed opposite each other, and a third side wall 24 and a fourth side wall 25 disposed opposite each other. The bottom wall 21, the first side wall 22, the second side wall 23, the third side wall 24, and the fourth side wall 25 enclose the opening-type receiving space 201.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first sidewall 22 includes a first exhaust passage 22a. The first exhaust passage 22a includes a first inlet 22a1. The first inlet 22a1 is configured to allow gas generated by the cell assembly 30 to flow into the first exhaust passage 22a.

[0065] In some embodiments, the battery module 10 includes a first pressure relief section 202. The first pressure relief section 202 is configured to discharge gas from the first exhaust passage 22a.

[0066] In some embodiments, the battery module 10 includes a cover 40. The cover 40 is attached to the housing 20. The cover 40 closes the opening of the receiving space 201.

[0067] The housing 20 and the cover 40 can be independent components. The housing 20 and the cover 40 are connected to form the internal environment of the battery module 10. The cover 40 refers to the component that separates the internal environment of the battery module 10 from the external environment. Exemplarily, the shape of the cover 40 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 20 to fit the housing 20. Exemplarily, the housing 20 and the cover 40 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum or aluminum alloy), so that the housing 20 and the cover 40 are not easily deformed when subjected to pressure or impact.

[0068] In the battery module 10 of this application embodiment, the housing 20 includes a bottom wall 21, a first side wall 22, a second side wall 23, a third side wall 24, and a fourth side wall 25 connected together. The first side wall 22 includes a first exhaust channel 22a. The first exhaust channel 22a forms an exhaust path. When the cell assembly 30 in the battery module 10 experiences thermal runaway, the gas generated by the cell assembly 30 can flow into the first exhaust channel 22a through the first inlet 22a1, and the gas in the first exhaust channel 22a can be discharged to the outside of the battery module 10 through the first pressure relief part 202, thereby reducing the possibility of an explosion due to a continuous rise in internal pressure in the battery module 10.

[0069] In the battery module 10 of this application embodiment, by providing a first exhaust channel 22a on the corresponding first sidewall 22, the first sidewall 22 can be reused, reducing the need for other additional structural components. Furthermore, by providing the first exhaust channel 22a on the structural components, the number of components used can be reduced, the structural compactness of the battery module 10 can be improved, and thus the energy density of the battery module 10 can be increased.

[0070] Furthermore, in the scenario where the battery module 10 is applied to a vehicle, the first pressure relief part 202 on the battery module 10 can be set downwards, so that the gas discharged from the battery module 10 can be sprayed downwards instead of towards the occupants, which helps to reduce the possibility of the battery module 10 causing thermal runaway and posing a safety hazard to the occupants.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first sidewall 22 and the second sidewall 23 are disposed opposite each other along a first direction X. The third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25 are disposed opposite each other along a second direction Y. The bottom wall 21 and the cover 40 are disposed opposite each other along a third direction Z. The first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are all perpendicular to each other.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first sidewall 22 includes a first wall 221 and a second wall 222 spaced apart. The bottom wall 21, the third sidewall 24, and the fourth sidewall 25 may be integrally formed. The first sidewall 22 connects the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25. Exemplarily, the first sidewall 22 is detachably connected to the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25. For example, the first sidewall 22 is detachably connected to the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25 by fasteners such as screws. The second sidewall 23 connects the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25. Exemplarily, the second sidewall 23 is detachably connected to the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25. For example, the second sidewall 23 is detachably connected to the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25 by fasteners such as screws.

[0073] In some embodiments, the second wall 222 is located between the first wall 221 and the second side wall 23. The first wall 221 and the second wall 222 are spaced apart along a first direction X. The second wall 222 is closer to the second side wall 23 than the first wall 221. The receiving space 201 and the first exhaust channel 22a are located on opposite sides of the second wall 222. The separate arrangement of the receiving space 201 and the first exhaust channel 22a helps to extend the gas emission path and improve the safety of the battery module 10.

[0074] In some examples, the first sidewall 22 includes two first end walls 223. The two first end walls 223 connect the first wall 221 and the second wall 222, forming a first inlet 22a1. Connecting the first wall 221 and the second wall 222 with two first end walls 223 improves the connection strength of the first sidewall 22. The two first end walls 223 are spaced apart. The first sidewall 22 can be connected to the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25 respectively via the two first end walls 223. This improves the ease of connection between the first sidewall 22 and the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25, reducing assembly difficulty. Furthermore, it improves the connection strength between the first sidewall 22 and the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25, reducing the possibility of connection failure between at least one of the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25 and the first sidewall 22 due to increased pressure in the receiving space 201.

[0075] In some examples, two or more first exhaust channels 22a may be provided on the first sidewall 22. Each of the two or more first exhaust channels 22a is independent and not connected to each other. The two or more first exhaust channels 22a can be used simultaneously to exhaust gas, which helps to improve the gas exhaust efficiency.

[0076] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, which illustrate the first embodiment, the battery module 10 includes a base plate 80. A housing 20 is attached to the base plate 80. The base plate 80 and bottom wall 21 form a fourth venting channel 91. A first venting channel 22a communicates with the fourth venting channel 91. The first venting channel 22a and the fourth venting channel 91 are located on different sides of the cell assembly 30, which facilitates a further extended gas emission path and improves the safety of the battery module 10.

[0077] Figure 17 shows the structure of the base plate 80 in the embodiment of Figure 2. As shown in Figure 17, the base plate 80 is provided with a recess 81. After the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 are connected, the recess 81 and the bottom wall 21 form a fourth exhaust channel 91.

[0078] In some embodiments, referring to FIG17, the base plate 80 is provided with a notch 82 communicating with the recess 81. The notch 82 and the bottom wall 21 form a first pressure relief portion 202. The first pressure relief portion 202 is an opening communicating with the outside of the battery module 10. Exemplarily, the number of notches 82 can be more than two. In other embodiments, the first pressure relief portion 202 can be an opening provided in the base plate 80.

[0079] In some examples, the base plate 80 can be manufactured separately and then assembled with the bottom wall 21 to form the fourth exhaust channel 91, which helps reduce the overall manufacturing difficulty of the base plate 80. The base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 are welded together. Alternatively, the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 can be detachably connected. For example, the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 can be detachably connected using fasteners such as screws. In other embodiments, the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 can be integrally formed. For example, if both the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 are metal, they can be cast integrally. If both the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 are plastic, they can be injection molded integrally.

[0080] In some examples, referring to Figures 2 and 3, the first exhaust passage 22a includes a first outlet 22a2. Along the third direction Z, the first inlet 22a1 and the first outlet 22a2 are located on opposite sides of the first sidewall 22. Optionally, the two first end walls 223, the first wall 221, and the second wall 222 enclose and form the first exhaust passage 22a, the first inlet 22a1, and the first outlet 22a2.

[0081] In some examples, as shown in Figure 2, the first sidewall 22 is connected to the bottom wall 21. The bottom wall 21 has an opening 211. The opening 211 connects the first exhaust channel 22a and the fourth exhaust channel 91. The bottom plate 80 covers the opening 211. The opening 211 in the bottom wall 21 allows for reuse of the bottom wall 21, reducing the number of structural components used to connect the first exhaust channel 22a and the fourth exhaust channel 91, which helps to reduce the number of components used and improve the structural compactness of the battery module 10.

[0082] Referring to Figures 5, 6, 7, and 10, Figures 5 to 7 illustrate the second embodiment. A first pressure relief section 202 is disposed on the first sidewall 22. Exemplarily, the first pressure relief section 202 includes multiple through holes penetrating the first wall 221. Both the first pressure relief section 202 and the first exhaust channel 22a are disposed on the first sidewall 22. The exhaust path between the first inlet 22a1 of the first exhaust channel 22a and the first pressure relief section 202 is relatively short, thereby facilitating the rapid discharge of gas within the first exhaust channel 22a through the first pressure relief section 202, improving exhaust efficiency and exhaust rate, and further facilitating rapid pressure relief of the battery module 10, ensuring the safety of the battery module 10.

[0083] Referring to Figures 6 and 10, the first sidewall 22 includes a first sidewall opening 220. Along the third direction Z, the first inlet 22a1 and the first sidewall opening 220 are located on opposite sides of the first sidewall 22. The first sidewall 22 is connected to the bottom wall 21. The bottom wall 21 closes the first sidewall opening 220. The two first end walls 223, the first wall 221, the second wall 222, and the bottom wall 21 partially form a first exhaust passage 22a.

[0084] Referring to Figures 13 to 20, which illustrate the third embodiment, a first pressure relief section 202 is provided on the first sidewall 22. Exemplarily, the first pressure relief section 202 includes multiple through holes penetrating the first wall 221, facilitating faster discharge from the first exhaust channel 22a.

[0085] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 14, 15, and 16, the second sidewall 23 includes a second exhaust passage 23a. The second exhaust passage 23a includes a second inlet 23a1 and a second outlet 23a2. The second inlet 23a1 and the second outlet 23a2 are located on opposite sides of the second sidewall 23. The second inlet 23a1 is configured so that gas generated by the cell assembly 30 flows into the second exhaust passage 23a through the second inlet 23a1. The housing 20 includes a base plate 80. The base plate 80 is connected to the bottom wall 21. The base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 form a third exhaust passage 90. The second exhaust passage 23a communicates with the third exhaust passage 90.

[0086] In some embodiments, the battery module 10 includes a second pressure relief portion 203. The second pressure relief portion 203 is configured to discharge gas from the third exhaust passage 90. FIG17 schematically shows the structure of the base plate 80 in the embodiment of FIG13. Referring to FIG17, the base plate 80 is provided with a recess 81. The base plate 80 is connected to a bottom wall 21, and the recess 81 and the bottom wall 21 form the third exhaust passage 90. The base plate 80 is provided with a notch 82 communicating with the recess 81. The notch 82 and the bottom wall 21 form the second pressure relief portion 203. The second pressure relief portion 203 is an opening communicating with the outside of the battery module 10. Exemplarily, the number of notches 82 can be more than two. In other embodiments, the second pressure relief portion 203 can be an opening in the base plate 80.

[0087] In some examples, the base plate 80 can be manufactured separately and then assembled with the bottom wall 21 to form the third exhaust channel 90, which helps reduce the overall manufacturing difficulty of the base plate 80. The base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 are welded together. Alternatively, the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 can be detachably connected. For example, the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 can be detachably connected using fasteners such as screws. In other embodiments, the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 can be integrally formed. For example, if both the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 are metal, they can be cast integrally. If both the base plate 80 and the bottom wall 21 are plastic, they can be injection molded integrally.

[0088] The first exhaust channel 22a forms an exhaust path. The second exhaust channel 23a and the third exhaust channel 90 can form another exhaust path. When the battery cell assembly 30 experiences thermal runaway and generates gas, the gas can flow along the exhaust path formed by the first exhaust channel 22a, the second exhaust channel 23a, and the third exhaust channel 90, respectively. The gas is discharged to the outside of the battery module 10 through the first pressure relief section 202 and the second pressure relief section 203, respectively, improving the pressure relief capacity of the battery module 10 and reducing the possibility of an explosion due to a continuous rise in internal pressure of the battery module 10.

[0089] In some examples, the first exhaust passage 22a and the third exhaust passage 90 are not connected to each other, reducing the possibility of gas crosstalk between the two exhaust paths affecting exhaust efficiency or exhaust effect. For example, the bottom wall 21 isolates the first exhaust passage 22a and the third exhaust passage 90.

[0090] In some examples, the second pressure relief section 203 is positioned close to the first pressure relief section 202. The exhaust direction of the first pressure relief section 202 is the same as that of the second pressure relief section 203. Both the exhaust directions of the first pressure relief section 202 and the second pressure relief section 203 are opposite to the second sidewall 23. In the scenario where the battery module 10 is applied to a vehicle, both the first pressure relief section 202 and the second pressure relief section 203 on the battery module 10 are positioned downwards, so that the gas discharged from the battery module 10 can be ejected downwards instead of towards the occupants, which helps to reduce the possibility of the battery module 10 causing thermal runaway and posing a safety hazard to the occupants.

[0091] Referring to Figure 14, the first sidewall 22 includes a first sidewall opening 220. Along the third direction Z, the first inlet 22a1 and the first sidewall opening 220 are located on opposite sides of the first sidewall 22. The first sidewall 22 is connected to the bottom wall 21. The bottom wall 21 closes the first sidewall opening 220. The two first end walls 223, the first wall 221, the second wall 222, and the bottom wall 21 partially form a first exhaust channel 22a.

[0092] In some embodiments, FIG19 schematically shows the structure of the second sidewall 23. Referring to FIGS. 14 and 19, the second sidewall 23 includes a third wall 231 and a fourth wall 232 spaced apart. The fourth wall 232 is located between the third wall 231 and the first sidewall 22. The fourth wall 232 is closer to the first sidewall 22 than the third wall 231. A second exhaust passage 23a and a receiving space 201 are located on opposite sides of the fourth wall 232. The second exhaust passage 23a is located between the third wall 231 and the fourth wall 232. The receiving space 201 is located between the fourth wall 232 and the first sidewall 22.

[0093] In some examples, the second sidewall 23 includes two second end walls 233. The two second end walls 233 connect the third wall 231 and the fourth wall 232. The two second end walls 233 are spaced apart. The two second end walls 233, the third wall 231, and the fourth wall 232 enclose a second exhaust channel 23a, a second inlet 23a1, and a second outlet 23a2. The second sidewall 23 can be connected to the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25 respectively through the two second end walls 233. This improves the ease of connection between the second sidewall 23 and the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25, reducing assembly difficulty. Furthermore, it enhances the connection strength between the second sidewall 23 and the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25, reducing the possibility of connection failure between at least one of the third sidewall 24 and the fourth sidewall 25 and the second sidewall 23 due to increased pressure in the accommodating space 201.

[0094] In some examples, two or more second exhaust channels 23a may be provided on the second sidewall 23. Each of the two or more second exhaust channels 23a is independent and not connected to each other. The two or more second exhaust channels 23a can be used simultaneously to exhaust gas, which helps to improve the gas exhaust efficiency.

[0095] In some examples, Figure 18 schematically shows a partial exploded structure of the battery module 10. Referring to Figure 18, the second sidewall 23 is connected to the bottom wall 21. The bottom wall 21 has an opening 211. The opening 211 connects the second exhaust channel 23a and the third exhaust channel 90. The bottom plate 80 covers the opening 211. The way the bottom wall 21 has the opening 211 allows for reuse of the bottom wall 21, reducing the number of structural components used to connect the second exhaust channel 23a and the third exhaust channel 90, which helps to reduce the number of components used and improve the structural compactness of the battery module 10.

[0096] In some embodiments, FIG8 schematically shows a partial exploded structure of the battery module 10. FIG9 is an enlarged view of point M in FIG8. Referring to FIG8 and FIG9, the cell assembly 30 may include a plurality of cells 31. Two or more cells 31 are arranged side by side. Foam 50 may be provided on both sides of each cell 31. Foam 50 may be provided between the cell 31 and the bottom wall 21. An insulating sheet 60 may be provided between the cell 31 and the housing 20. The cell 31 includes a main body 311, an electrode terminal 312, and a pressure relief part 313. The electrode terminal 312 is connected to the main body 311. The pressure relief part 313 is located on the side of the main body 311 near the cover 40. When the cell 31 experiences thermal runaway, the high-pressure gas inside the cell 31 can be discharged from the cell 31 through the pressure relief part 313, thereby depressurizing the cell 31 and reducing the internal pressure of the cell 31. The first inlet 22a1 is located near the cover 40. Since the pressure relief section 313 is close to the cover 40, the high-pressure gas discharged from the pressure relief section 313 can flow into the first exhaust channel 22a relatively easily and quickly, which helps to improve exhaust efficiency.

[0097] In some embodiments, referring to FIG9, the battery cell 31 includes a pouch cell 31. The battery cell 31 includes a sealing portion. Electrode terminals 312 extend from the sealing portion. The pressure relief portion 313 includes the sealing portion.

[0098] In some embodiments, FIG10 schematically shows a partial cross-sectional view of the battery module 10. FIG11 schematically shows the structure of the flame arrester 70. Referring to FIG10 and FIG11, the battery module 10 includes the flame arrester 70. The flame arrester 70 is disposed in the first exhaust channel 22a. In the event of thermal runaway of the cell assembly 30, the cell assembly 30 may generate not only gas but also high-temperature particulate matter. The high-temperature particulate matter can flow with the gas. When the high-temperature particulate matter discharged from the battery module 10 comes into contact with external oxygen, it may explode and form an open flame, posing a safety hazard.

[0099] High-temperature particles can collide with the flame arrester 70 and be intercepted by it. The intercepted high-temperature particles can remain in the vicinity of the flame arrester 70. In this embodiment, the flame arrester 70 can block high-temperature particles, reduce the number of high-temperature particles that are discharged with the gas to the outside of the battery module 10, and reduce the possibility that high-temperature particles will deflagrate and form an open flame after contacting with external oxygen.

[0100] In some embodiments, referring to FIG11, the flame arrester 70 has a first opening layer 71 and a second opening layer 72 arranged sequentially. The first opening layer 71 is closer to the cover 40 than the second opening layer 72. The first opening layer 71 includes a plurality of first openings 711. The second opening layer 72 includes a plurality of second openings 721. The area of ​​the plurality of first openings 711 is larger than the area of ​​the plurality of second openings 721, and the total area of ​​all first openings 711 is larger than the total area of ​​all second openings 721, which facilitates the passage of gas. The area of ​​at least one first opening 711 is larger than the area of ​​any one of the second openings 721.

[0101] The first opening layer 71 and the second opening layer 72 of the flame arrester 70 are used for the passage of gas. High-temperature particles can impact areas on the flame arrester 70 where the first opening layer 71 and the second opening layer 72 are not provided and be intercepted by the flame arrester 70.

[0102] The first opening layer 71 and the second opening layer 72 can be used to block high-temperature particles of different sizes. On the one hand, they can effectively improve the overall blocking performance and blocking effect of the flame arrester 70. On the other hand, high-temperature particles of different sizes can be dispersed in different first opening layers 71 and second opening layers 72 and blocked, reducing the blockage of particles in the first opening layer 71 or the second opening layer 72.

[0103] In some embodiments, the area of ​​each of the plurality of first openings 711 may be the same, or the area of ​​each of the first openings 711 may be different, or a portion of the first openings 711 may have the same area and a portion of the first openings 711 may have different areas.

[0104] In some embodiments, the areas of each of the plurality of second openings 721 may be the same, or the areas of each of the second openings 721 may be different, or a portion of the second openings 721 may have the same area and a portion of the second openings 721 may have different areas.

[0105] In some embodiments, the area of ​​each first opening 711 is greater than the area of ​​any one of the second openings 721.

[0106] Figure 12 schematically shows the structure of the flame arrester 70 as viewed along the third direction Z. Referring to Figures 11 and 12, viewed along the third direction Z, portions of each first opening 711 overlap with the second opening 721. Portions of each first opening 711 separate from the second opening 721. Along the third direction Z, there is a gap between the first opening layer 71 and the second opening layer 72.

[0107] Along the third direction Z, high-temperature particles passing through the first opening 711 can effectively impact the area surrounding the second opening 721 on the flame arrestor 70, and be blocked by the flame arrestor 70, thereby improving the overall blocking performance and blocking effect of the flame arrestor 70.

[0108] For example, both the first opening 711 and the second opening 721 are strip-shaped holes, which helps the flame arrestor 70 to block high-temperature particles from passing through.

[0109] In some examples, the flame arrester 70 is provided with a third opening layer 73. A first opening layer 71, a second opening layer 72, and a third opening layer 73 are arranged sequentially. The first opening layer 71 is closer to the cover 40 than the second opening layer 72. The second opening layer 72 is closer to the cover 40 than the third opening layer 73. The third opening layer 73 includes a plurality of third openings 731. The area of ​​the plurality of second openings 721 is larger than the area of ​​the plurality of third openings 731, and the total area of ​​all second openings 721 is larger than the total area of ​​all third openings 731. At least one second opening 721 has an area larger than the area of ​​the third opening 731 with the largest area.

[0110] In some embodiments, the areas of each of the plurality of third openings 731 may be the same, or the areas of each of the third openings 731 may be different, or a portion of the third openings 731 may have the same area and a portion of the third openings 731 may have different areas.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first sidewall 22 includes a connecting wall 26. A fire arrester 70 is located between the first wall 221 and the second wall 222. The connecting wall 26 is located between the first wall 221 and the second wall 222. The fire arrester 70 is connected and fixed to the connecting wall 26.

[0112] The way the flame arrester 70 is connected and fixed to the connecting wall 26 improves its positional stability and impact resistance. After the high-pressure gas in the containing space 201 enters the first exhaust channel 22a through the first inlet 22a1, the impact force exerted on the flame arrester 70 by the high-pressure gas is relatively large. Since the flame arrester 70 is connected and fixed to the connecting wall 26, it is not easily moved even under large impact forces, reducing the possibility of the flame arrester 70 failing due to changes in its own position.

[0113] In some examples, the first wall 221 and the second wall 222 are respectively connected to the connecting wall 26. The flame arrester 70 can be detachably connected to the connecting wall 26 using fasteners such as screws.

[0114] In some examples, the flame arrester 70 inside the first exhaust channel 22a is positioned near the first inlet 22a1 of the first exhaust channel 22a. The flame arrester 70 inside the first exhaust channel 22a is positioned near the cover 40. The number of first exhaust channels 22a corresponds one-to-one with the number of flame arresters 70.

[0115] In some examples, a first pressure relief section 202 is provided on the first sidewall 22. The first pressure relief section 202 is configured to discharge gas passing through the flame arrester 70. High-temperature particles can be blocked by the flame arrester 70, reducing the possibility of obstructed exhaust due to particles clogging the first pressure relief section 202.

[0116] In some embodiments, FIG13 schematically shows the structure of the battery module 10. FIG14 schematically shows a partial cross-sectional view of the battery module 10. FIG15 is an enlarged view of section W in FIG14. Referring to FIG13 and FIG14, the cover 40 includes a base 41 and a fixing portion 42 connected to the base 41. Along the third direction Z, the base 41 of the cover 40 is located above the cell assembly 30. The end face of the fixing portion 42 and the end face of the first wall 221 are disposed opposite to each other. The fixing portion 42 includes an extension 421. The extension 421 is connected to the inner wall of the first wall 221. In some examples, the end face of the first wall 221 forms an angle with the inner wall of the first wall 221. For example, the end face of the first wall 221 is perpendicular to the inner wall of the first wall 221.

[0117] The extension 421 blocks the connection area between the end face of the fixing part 42 and the end face of the first wall 221, making it difficult for high-pressure gas to be discharged from between the end face of the fixing part 42 and the end face of the first wall 221 to the outside of the battery module 10.

[0118] In some embodiments, the battery module 10 includes at least two flame arresters 70. At least one flame arrester 70 is disposed in the second venting channel 23a. The second sidewall 23 includes a connecting wall 26. The flame arrester 70 is located between the third wall 231 and the fourth wall 232. The connecting wall 26 is located between the third wall 231 and the fourth wall 232. The flame arrester 70 is connected and fixed to the connecting wall 26.

[0119] In some examples, the flame arrester 70 within the second exhaust passage 23a is positioned near the second inlet 23a1 of the second exhaust passage 23a. The flame arrester 70 inside the second exhaust passage 23a is positioned near the cover 40.

[0120] In some examples, two or more second exhaust channels 23a may be provided on the second sidewall 23. Each of the two or more second exhaust channels 23a is independent and not connected to each other. The two or more second exhaust channels 23a can be used simultaneously to exhaust gas, which helps to improve the gas exhaust efficiency. The number of second exhaust channels 23a corresponds one-to-one with the number of flame arresters 70.

[0121] In some embodiments, FIG20 schematically shows a partial exploded structure of the battery module 10. Referring to FIG20, the battery module 10 includes a printed circuit board 100 and an insulating cover 110. The printed circuit board 100 is disposed on the side of the cell assembly 30 facing the cover 40. The printed circuit board 100 may be provided with a temperature sampling module and a voltage sampling module. The battery management system can collect temperature or voltage signals from the cell assembly 30 through the printed circuit board 100. An insulating cover 110 may be disposed on the inner side of the cover 40. The insulating cover 110 can be used to isolate electrical connection components within the housing 20 from the cover 40 to reduce the risk of short circuits. Exemplarily, the insulating cover 110 may be made of plastic, rubber, etc. The melting point of the insulating cover 110 is 92 degrees Celsius to 98 degrees Celsius.

[0122] The printed circuit board 100 includes clearance holes for avoiding the electrode terminals 312. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell assembly 30, high-pressure gas can pass through the clearance holes of the printed circuit board 100. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell assembly 30, the insulating cover 110 itself is relatively easy to melt under high temperature, thereby reducing the possibility that the insulating cover 110 will create resistance to the entry of high-pressure gas into the first exhaust channel 22a and the second exhaust channel 23a.

[0123] According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides an electrical device including a battery module 10 of any of the above schemes, and the battery module 10 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0124] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, include: The housing has an accommodating space with an opening. The housing includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall disposed opposite to each other. The first sidewall includes a first exhaust passage, and the first exhaust passage includes a first inlet. The first pressure relief section is configured to discharge gas from the first exhaust passage; A battery cell assembly, at least partially disposed in the receiving space, wherein the first inlet is configured to allow gas generated by the battery cell assembly to flow into the first exhaust passage through the first inlet; The cover is attached to the housing.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sidewall includes a first wall and a second wall spaced apart, the second wall being located between the first wall and the second sidewall, and the first exhaust passage and the receiving space being located on opposite sides of the second wall.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first sidewall includes two first end walls, which connect the first wall and the second wall and form the first entrance.

4. The battery module according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The battery module includes a flame arrester, which is disposed in the first exhaust channel; The fire arrester has a first opening layer and a second opening layer arranged in sequence, with the first opening layer being closer to the cover than the second opening layer. The first opening layer includes a plurality of first openings, and the second opening layer includes a plurality of second openings, wherein the area of ​​the plurality of first openings is greater than the area of ​​the plurality of second openings.

5. The battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first sidewall and the second sidewall are disposed opposite each other along a first direction. The housing includes a third sidewall and a fourth sidewall disposed opposite to each other along a second direction, and a bottom wall disposed opposite to the cover along a third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are mutually perpendicular; Viewed along the third direction, a portion of each of the first openings overlaps with at least one of the second openings, and a portion of each of the first openings separates from at least one of the second openings.

6. The battery module according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The first sidewall includes a connecting wall located between the first wall and the second wall, and the fire arrester is fixed to the connecting wall.

7. The battery module according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The first pressure relief section is disposed on the first side wall, and the first pressure relief section is configured to discharge the gas passing through the flame arrester.

8. The battery module according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The cover includes a base and a fixing part connected to the base. The fixing part is connected to the first sidewall. The fixing part includes an extension that is connected to the inner wall of the first wall.

9. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The second sidewall includes a second exhaust channel, the second exhaust channel including a second inlet, the second inlet being configured to allow gas generated by the cell assembly to flow into the second exhaust channel through the second inlet; The housing includes a bottom wall and a bottom plate connected to the bottom wall. The bottom plate and the bottom wall form a third exhaust channel, and the second exhaust channel communicates with the third exhaust channel. The battery module includes a second pressure relief section, which is configured to discharge gas from the third exhaust channel.

10. The battery module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second sidewall is connected to the bottom wall, and the bottom wall has an opening that connects the second exhaust passage and the third exhaust passage.

11. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The housing includes a bottom wall and a base plate connected to the bottom wall. The base plate and the bottom wall form a fourth exhaust channel. The first exhaust channel communicates with the fourth exhaust channel. The first exhaust channel and the fourth exhaust channel are located on different sides of the cell assembly.

12. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The battery cell assembly includes a battery cell, which includes a main body, electrode terminals, and a pressure relief section. The electrode terminals are connected to the main body, and the pressure relief section is located on the side of the main body near the cover.

13. The battery module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The battery cell is a pouch cell.

14. The battery module according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that, The base plate is provided with a recess and a notch connected to the recess. The notch and the bottom wall form the first pressure relief part, which is an opening that communicates with the outside of the battery module.

15. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The first pressure relief part is located at an opening in the base plate, and the opening is connected to the outside of the battery module.

16. The battery module according to any one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that, The area of ​​at least one of the first openings is greater than the area of ​​any one of the second openings.

17. The battery module according to any one of claims 4 to 16, characterized in that, The fire-arresting component is provided with a third opening layer. The first opening layer, the second opening layer and the third opening layer are arranged in sequence. The first opening layer is closer to the cover than the second opening layer, and the second opening layer is closer to the cover than the third opening layer. The total area of ​​all second openings is greater than the total area of ​​all third openings.

18. The battery module according to claim 17, characterized in that, The area of ​​at least one of the second openings is greater than the area of ​​any one of the third openings.

19. The battery module according to any one of claims 2 to 18, characterized in that, The first pressure relief section includes multiple through holes penetrating the first wall.

20. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery module as described in any one of claims 1 to 19.

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