Display module and manufacturing method therefor, and display device

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a display module and a manufacturing method therefor, and a display device. The refractive index of a second refractive index layer is greater than that of a first refractive index layer. A spacer layer is provided with a plurality of openings corresponding to a plurality of light-emitting portions; the first refractive index layer covers the side walls and bottoms of the plurality of openings, and the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings. The material of the spacer layer comprises a light-shielding material.

Description

Display module, manufacturing method thereof and display device TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display module, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panels have been considered as the next generation of display technology in the display industry because they have the advantages of light weight, wide viewing angle, fast response time, low temperature resistance, high luminous efficiency and the like compared with traditional liquid crystal display (LCD) screens.

[0003] At present, PLP (Pol Less Panel) technology is commonly used to replace the polarizing sheet in the display panel, wherein the PLP technology uses a black matrix to shield in the non-pixel area and uses color resistance, such as red color resistance, green color resistance and blue color resistance, in the pixel area to reduce reflection.

[0004] However, the forward light output efficiency of the display panel is difficult to improve due to the limited transmittance of the photoresist material. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a display module, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device, which can effectively improve the forward light output efficiency of the display module.

[0006] The present application provides a display module, which comprises:

[0007] A panel body, wherein the panel body comprises a plurality of light emitting parts;

[0008] A spacing layer, which is arranged on one side of the panel body;

[0009] A first refractive index layer, which is arranged on the side of the spacing layer away from the panel body;

[0010] A second refractive index layer, which is arranged on the side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacing layer, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than that of the first refractive index layer;

[0011] Wherein, a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light emitting parts are arranged in the spacing layer, the first refractive index layer covers the side walls and the bottom of the plurality of openings, the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings, and the material of the spacing layer comprises a light shielding material.

[0012] According to the above purposes of the present application, the present application further provides a manufacturing method of a display module, which comprises:

[0013] A panel body is provided, which comprises a plurality of light emitting parts;

[0014] A spacing layer is formed on one side of the panel body, and a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light emitting parts are formed in the spacing layer, and the material of the spacing layer comprises a light shielding material;

[0015] A first refractive index layer is formed on the side of the spacing layer away from the panel body, and the first refractive index layer covers the sidewalls and the bottom of the plurality of openings;

[0016] A second refractive index layer is formed on the side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacing layer, and the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than that of the first refractive index layer.

[0017] According to the above purposes of the present application, the present application further provides a display device, which comprises a display module or a display module manufactured by the manufacturing method of the display module, and the display module comprises:

[0018] A panel body, which comprises a plurality of light emitting parts;

[0019] A spacing layer is provided on one side of the panel body;

[0020] A first refractive index layer is provided on the side of the spacing layer away from the panel body;

[0021] A second refractive index layer is provided on the side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacing layer, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than that of the first refractive index layer;

[0022] The plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light emitting parts are formed in the spacing layer, the first refractive index layer covers the sidewalls and the bottom of the plurality of openings, the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings, and the material of the spacing layer comprises a light shielding material;

[0023] The manufacturing method of the display module comprises:

[0024] A panel body is provided, which comprises a plurality of light emitting parts;

[0025] A spacing layer is formed on one side of the panel body, and a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light emitting parts are formed in the spacing layer, and the material of the spacing layer comprises a light shielding material;

[0026] A first refractive index layer is formed on a side of the interval layer away from the panel body, covering sidewalls and bottoms of the plurality of openings;

[0027] A second refractive index layer is formed on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the interval layer, covering the first refractive index layer and filling the plurality of openings, the second refractive index layer having a refractive index greater than that of the first refractive index layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The technical solutions and other advantages of the present application will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment;

[0030] FIG. 2 is a first structural schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG. 3 is a second structural schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG. 4 is a third structural schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 5 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 6 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG. 7 is a sixth structural schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a manufacturing method of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIGS. 9-13 are structural schematic diagrams of manufacturing processes of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application. Embodiments of the present application

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different structures of the present application. For the purpose of simplification, the elements of the particular examples are described in the following disclosure. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters can be repeated in different examples in the present application, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or configurations discussed. Moreover, the present application provides various specific examples of processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art can realize that other processes can be applied and / or other materials can be used.

[0040] Please refer to FIG. 1, in the display panel using PLP technology, the display panel includes a panel body 1, a color film layer arranged on the light emitting side of the panel body 1, specifically, the color film layer includes a black matrix layer 2, a plurality of openings are arranged in the black matrix layer 2, and the color film layer further includes a plurality of color resistance blocks 3 arranged in the plurality of openings, so as to replace the polaroid and realize the anti-reflection function; however, due to the limited transmittance of the light blocking material of the color resistance block 3, it is difficult to improve the forward light emitting efficiency of the display panel.

[0041] Please refer to FIG. 2, the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a panel body 10, a spacing layer 20, a first refractive index layer 30 and a second refractive index layer 40.

[0042] The panel body 10 includes a plurality of light emitting parts, the spacing layer 20 is arranged on one side of the panel body 10, the first refractive index layer 30 is arranged on the side of the spacing layer 20 away from the panel body 10, the second refractive index layer 40 is arranged on the side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the spacing layer 20, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 40 is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 30.

[0043] Further, a plurality of openings 201 corresponding to the plurality of light emitting parts are arranged in the spacing layer 20, the first refractive index layer 30 covers the sidewalls and the bottom of the plurality of openings 201, the second refractive index layer 40 covers the first refractive index layer 30 and fills the plurality of openings 201, and the material of the spacing layer 20 includes a light shielding material.

[0044] In the application, the first refractive layer 30 can cover the sidewall and bottom of the opening 201, the second refractive layer 40 covers the first refractive layer 30 and fills the opening 201, and the refractive index of the second refractive layer 40 is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive layer 30, so that a reflecting surface can be formed at the sidewall of the opening 201, the large-angle light emission is reduced, the forward light emission efficiency of the display module is improved, the display effect of the display module is improved, and the power consumption of the display module is reduced.

[0045] In an embodiment of the application, the display module further comprises a light adjusting layer arranged on the side of the second refractive layer away from the first refractive layer, and the light adjusting layer is distributed with dye molecules.

[0046] In an embodiment of the application, the light adjusting layer has a transmittance of greater than or equal to 65% for light with a wavelength range of 615 nm to 625 nm, a transmittance of greater than or equal to 60% for light with a wavelength range of 525 nm to 535 nm, and a transmittance of greater than or equal to 80% for light with a wavelength range of 455 nm to 465 nm.

[0047] In an embodiment of the application, the light adjusting layer is arranged on the surface of the second refractive layer away from the first refractive layer.

[0048] In an embodiment of the application, the display module further comprises a cover plate arranged on the side of the second refractive layer away from the first refractive layer.

[0049] The light adjusting layer is arranged on the surface of the cover plate close to the second refractive layer.

[0050] Alternatively, the light adjusting layer is arranged on the surface of the cover plate away from the second refractive layer.

[0051] In an embodiment of the application, the first refractive layer comprises a first sub-portion covering the sidewall of the opening and a second sub-portion covering the bottom of the opening, the included angle between the first sub-portion and the second sub-portion is greater than or equal to 90° and less than or equal to 115°.

[0052] In an embodiment of the application, the film thickness of the first sub-portion is uniform at different positions.

[0053] In an embodiment of the application, the film thickness of the second sub-portion is uniform at different positions.

[0054] In an embodiment of the application, the material of the first refractive layer comprises thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present application, the display module comprises a sensor placement area and a display area adjacent to the sensor placement area, the display module comprises a light-transmitting opening arranged in the sensor placement area, the first refractive index layer is arranged at least in the display area, and the spacing layer is arranged in the display area but not in the sensor placement area.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, the first refractive index layer is also arranged in the sensor placement area and covers the sidewall and bottom of the light-transmitting opening, and the display module further comprises a filling portion arranged on the side of the first refractive index layer away from the panel body and located in the sensor placement area, and the filling portion is filled in the light-transmitting opening.

[0057] The material of the filling portion comprises at least one of acrylic, polyimide and polycarbonate.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present application, the second refractive index layer is arranged in the display area and the sensor placement area, and the second refractive index layer fills a plurality of the openings and the light-transmitting opening.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present application, the material of the first refractive index layer comprises at least one of acrylic, polyimide and polycarbonate.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present application, the refractive index of the first refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 1.48 and less than or equal to 1.52, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.7.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present application, the difference between the refractive index of the first refractive index layer and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 0.08.

[0062] Specifically, in some embodiments, the display module comprises a panel body 10, a touch layer 61 arranged on the light-emitting side of the panel body 10, a spacing layer 20 arranged on the side of the touch layer 61 away from the panel body 10, a first refractive index layer 30 arranged on the side of the spacing layer 20 away from the touch layer 61, and a second refractive index layer 40 arranged on the side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the spacing layer 20.

[0063] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 can comprise an OLED display panel; wherein the panel body 10 comprises a substrate and a thin film transistor layer arranged on the substrate.

[0064] In some embodiments, the substrate can be a rigid substrate, such as a glass substrate, or the substrate can be a flexible substrate, such as a substrate formed of polyimide. When the substrate is a flexible substrate, the substrate can be formed of multiple sub- substrates of the same material, such as polyimide, with adjacent sub-substrates bonded by an adhesive sub-layer.

[0065] In some embodiments, the thin film transistor layer includes a thin film transistor including a semiconductor on the substrate, which can be formed of polycrystalline silicon or metal oxide (such as indium gallium zinc oxide). The semiconductor is divided into a channel region and a source region and a drain region formed on both sides of the channel region. The thin film transistor layer further includes a first gate insulating layer covering the semiconductor. The thin film transistor further includes a first gate formed on the first gate insulating layer, which overlaps the channel region. The first gate can be formed of multiple layers or a single layer including a low-resistance material such as Al, Ti, Mo, Cu, Ni, or an alloy thereof, or a material having high corrosion resistance. The thin film transistor layer further includes a second gate insulating layer covering the first gate. The thin film transistor further includes a second gate on the second gate insulating layer, which overlaps the first gate, and can be formed of multiple layers or a single layer including a low-resistance material such as Al, Ti, Mo, Cu, Ni, or an alloy thereof, or a material having high corrosion resistance. The thin film transistor layer further includes a first interlayer insulating layer formed on the second gate. The first interlayer insulating layer and the first gate insulating layer and the second gate insulating layer include a source contact hole and a drain contact hole, through which the source region and the drain region are exposed, respectively.

[0066] The thin film transistor further includes a source and a drain formed on the first interlayer insulating layer in the same layer, the source being connected to the source region through the source contact hole, and the drain being connected to the drain region through the drain contact hole. The source and the drain can be formed of multiple layers or a single layer of a low-resistance material such as Al, Ti, Mo, Cu, Ni, or an alloy thereof, or a material having high corrosion resistance. For example, the source and the drain can be a triple layer of Ti / Cu / Ti, Ti / Ag / Ti, Ti / Al / Ti, or Mo / Al / Mo, or other single layer or multi-layer structures.

[0067] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 further includes a planar layer on the side of the thin film transistor layer away from the substrate, which covers the source and the drain.

[0068] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 further comprises an anode layer on the side of the planar layer away from the thin film transistor layer, the anode layer comprising a plurality of anodes, each anode corresponding to a pixel unit. Each anode is electrically connected to a thin film transistor. The planar layer comprises anode contact holes through which the anodes contact the source or drain of the thin film transistors.

[0069] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 further comprises a pixel definition layer on the side of the planar layer away from the thin film transistor layer, the pixel definition layer comprising pixel definition portions and pixel openings between the pixel definition portions. The panel body 10 further comprises a light emitting layer comprising a plurality of light emitting portions. The light emitting portions are located in the pixel openings. The pixel openings expose part of the anodes and cover the edges of the anodes. The light emitting portions can comprise red pixel units, green pixel units and blue pixel units.

[0070] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 further comprises a cathode layer covering the light emitting layer. In the direction from the anode layer to the cathode layer, the light emitting layer comprises a hole organic layer, a light emitting material layer and an electron organic layer which are sequentially stacked. The hole organic layer can comprise a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer, the hole injection layer directly contacts the anode layer and the hole transport layer is between the hole injection layer and the light emitting material layer. The hole organic layer can further comprise an electron blocking layer between the hole transport layer and the light emitting material layer. The electron organic layer can comprise an electron injection layer and an electron transport layer, the electron injection layer directly contacts the cathode layer and the electron transport layer is between the electron injection layer and the light emitting material layer. The electron organic layer can further comprise a hole blocking layer between the electron transport layer and the light emitting layer.

[0071] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 further comprises an encapsulation layer on the side of the cathode layer away from the light emitting layer. The encapsulation layer is formed by a plurality of inorganic film layers and organic film layers which are alternately stacked, for example, in the direction from the substrate to the thin film transistor layer, the encapsulation layer comprises a first inorganic encapsulation sub-layer, a first organic encapsulation sub-layer and a second inorganic encapsulation sub-layer.

[0072] In some embodiments, the touch layer 61 can be disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the light emitting layer. The touch layer 61 can implement a self-capacitive touch or a mutual-capacitive touch. When the touch layer 61 implements a self-capacitive touch, the touch layer 61 can have only one touch metal layer.

[0073] When the touch layer 61 realizes the touch function in the mutual capacitance mode, the touch layer 61 comprises a first touch metal layer, a touch insulating layer and a second touch metal layer, wherein the touch insulating layer is located on the side of the first touch metal layer away from the encapsulation layer, and the second touch metal layer is located on the side of the touch insulating layer away from the encapsulation layer. The first touch metal layer can be directly arranged on the encapsulation layer, or an overcoat layer is further arranged between the first touch layer and the encapsulation layer, and the overcoat layer can comprise an inorganic overcoat layer and / or an organic overcoat layer. The first touch metal layer comprises a first touch electrode, a second touch electrode and a first bridge line, the second touch metal layer comprises a second bridge line, and the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode are both metal networks; or the second touch metal layer comprises the first touch electrode, the second touch electrode and the first bridge line, and the first touch metal layer comprises the second bridge line.

[0074] Further, the spacing layer 20 is arranged on the side of the touch layer 61 away from the panel body 10, a plurality of openings 201 are formed in the spacing layer 20, and the depth of the opening 201 is equal to the thickness of the spacing layer 20, that is, the opening 201 penetrates through the spacing layer 20.

[0075] In some embodiments, the plurality of openings 201 are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of openings 201 are arranged corresponding to the plurality of light emitting parts, preferably, one opening 201 and one light emitting part are arranged in alignment in the thickness direction of the panel body 10, and the area of the orthographic projection of the opening 201 on the panel body 10 is greater than the area of the light emitting part corresponding thereto.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present application, the first refractive layer 30 covers the spacing layer 20, and the first refractive layer 30 covers the sidewall and the bottom of the plurality of openings 201; specifically, the first refractive layer 30 can comprise a first sub-layer 31 covering the sidewall of the opening 201 and a second sub-layer 32 covering the bottom of the opening 201. The second refractive layer 40 covers the side of the first refractive layer 30 away from the spacing layer 20 and fills the plurality of openings 201, that is, the second refractive layer 40 covers the first sub-layer 31 and the second sub-layer 32 in the opening 201. Wherein, the first sub-layer 31 forms an inclined surface at the sidewall of the opening 201, and the second refractive layer 40 covers the inclined surface to form a total reflection surface with high and low refractive indexes at the sidewall of the opening 201, thereby reflecting the light emitted by the light emitting part to the sidewall of the opening 201, adjusting the light path and making the light deviate to the forward light emission, thereby effectively improving the forward light emission efficiency of the display module and reducing the power consumption of the display module.

[0077] In some embodiments, the included angle a between the first sub-section 31 and the second sub-section 32 is greater than or equal to 90° and less than or equal to 115°, for example, the included angle a between the first sub-section 31 and the second sub-section 32 can be 90°, 91°, 92°, 93°, 94°, 95°, 96°, 97°, 98°, 99°, 100°, 101°, 102°, 103°, 104°, 105°, 106°, 107°, 108°, 109°, 110°, 111°, 112°, 113°, 114° or 115°, etc. When the included angle between the first sub-section 31 and the second sub-section 32 is within the above range, the light emitting path can be effectively adjusted, so that the light emitting of the light emitting section is more biased to the forward direction, effectively improving the light emitting efficiency of the display module.

[0078] In some embodiments, the film layer thickness of the first sub-section 31 at different positions is uniform, the film layer thickness of the second sub-section 32 at different positions is uniform, and further, the film layer thickness of the first refractive index layer 30 at different positions is uniform.

[0079] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the step difference of a film layer at each position is within 10% of the film thickness, which can be regarded as the film layer thickness of the film layer at different positions being uniform.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3, the material of the first refractive index layer 30 includes thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber; it should be noted that the first refractive index layer 30 can be a glue layer formed when the protective layer attached to the spacer layer 20 in the process is removed.

[0081] The display module includes a sensor placement area 102 and a display area 101 adjacent to the sensor placement area 102, the display module includes a light transmission opening 110 arranged in the sensor placement area 102, the first refractive index layer 30 is arranged at least in the display area 101, and the spacer layer 20 is arranged in the display area 101 and not arranged in the sensor placement area 102.

[0082] The display module can further include a sensor such as a camera arranged on the side of the panel body 10 away from the touch layer 61 corresponding to the sensor placement area 102, and at least part of the film layer corresponding to the sensor placement area 102 in the panel body 10 and the touch layer 61 and other device layers can be removed to form a light transmission opening 110, thereby improving the light transmission rate of the sensor placement area 102 and improving the photosensitive effect of the sensor. Since the spacer layer 20 is made of light shielding material, the spacer layer 20 is arranged outside the sensor placement area 102 to avoid affecting the photosensitive effect of the sensor.

[0083] Further, the first refractive index layer 30 is also arranged in the sensor placement area 102 and covers the sidewall and bottom of the light transmission opening 110, the display module further comprises a filling part 70 arranged on the side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the panel body 10 and located in the sensor placement area 102, and the filling part 70 is filled in the light transmission opening 110; the material of the filling part 70 comprises at least one of acrylic, polyimide and polycarbonate.

[0084] It should be noted that the second refractive index layer 40 is arranged in the display area 101 and located on the side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the panel body 10, and the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 is flush with the surface of the filling part 70 away from the first refractive index layer 30; thereby the step difference between the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102 can be eliminated, the film layer flatness is effectively improved, and the yield of subsequent film layers is improved.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, the difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is that the first refractive index layer 30 is only arranged in the display area 101, that is, in the display area 101, the side of the spacing layer 20 away from the panel body 10 is provided with the first refractive index layer 30 and the second refractive index layer 40 stacked, in the sensor placement area 102, the side of the panel body 10 provided with the spacing layer 20 is provided with the filling part 70, and the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 is flush with the surface of the filling part 70 away from the first refractive index layer 30; thereby the step difference between the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102 can be eliminated, the film layer flatness is effectively improved, and the yield of subsequent film layers is improved.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present application, please refer to FIG. 4, the difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is that the display module does not include a filling part, and the second refractive index layer 40 is arranged in the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102, the second refractive index layer 40 fills the plurality of openings 201 and the light transmission opening 110, and the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 is flush in the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102; thereby the step difference between the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102 can be eliminated, the film layer flatness is effectively improved, and the yield of subsequent film layers is improved.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 5, the first refractive index layer 30 can be formed by first film formation and then patterning, and the first refractive index layer 30 located in the display area 101 covers the sidewalls and bottom of the opening 201, and the first refractive index layer 30 located in the sensor placement area 102 fills the light-transmitting opening 110; the second refractive index layer 40 is located in the display area 101 and fills a plurality of the openings 201.

[0088] Optionally, the material of the first refractive index layer 30 can include at least one of acrylic, polyimide, and polycarbonate.

[0089] The surface of the first refractive index layer 30 located in the sensor placement area 102 away from the panel body 10 is flush with the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the panel body 10, thereby eliminating the step difference between the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102, effectively improving the flatness of the film layer and improving the yield of the subsequent film layer.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, the first refractive index layer 30 can be formed by first film formation and then patterning, the first refractive index layer 30 covers the sidewalls and bottom of a plurality of the first openings 201 and the sidewalls and bottom of the light-transmitting opening 110, the second refractive index layer 40 covers the first refractive index layer 30 and fills a plurality of the openings 201 and the light-transmitting opening 110; the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 is flush in the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102; thereby eliminating the step difference between the display area 101 and the sensor placement area 102, effectively improving the flatness of the film layer and improving the yield of the subsequent film layer.

[0091] In addition, in some embodiments, the material of the second refractive index layer 40 can include at least one of polyacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane, and polyurethane.

[0092] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first refractive index layer 30 can be greater than or equal to 7 microns and less than or equal to 12 microns, for example, the thickness of the first refractive index layer 30 can be 7 microns, 8 microns, 9 microns, 10 microns, 11 microns, or 12 microns, etc.; the thickness of the second refractive index layer 40 can be greater than or equal to 5 microns and less than or equal to 20 microns, for example, the thickness of the second refractive index layer 40 can be 5 microns, 6 microns, 7 microns, 8 microns, 9 microns, 10 microns, 11 microns, 12 microns, 13 microns, 14 microns, 15 microns, 16 microns, 17 microns, 18 microns, 19 microns, or 20 microns, etc.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first refractive index layer 30 has a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.48 and less than or equal to 1.52, for example, the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 30 can be 1.48, 1.49, 1.50, 1.51 or 1.52, etc.; the second refractive index layer 40 has a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.7, for example, the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 40 can be 1.55, 1.56, 1.57, 1.58, 1.59, 1.6, 1.61, 1.62, 1.63, 1.64, 1.65, 1.66, 1.67, 1.68, 1.67 or 1.7, etc.

[0094] In some embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 30 and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 40 is greater than or equal to 0.08.

[0095] In some embodiments, the material of the spacing layer 20 includes a light shielding material, for example, the material of the spacing layer 20 can include a black matrix material; further, the display module further includes a light adjusting layer 50 disposed on the side of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30, and the light adjusting layer 50 is distributed with dye molecules; it can be understood that by arranging dye molecules in the light adjusting layer 50, the light adjusting layer 50 can have high transmittance to light of a predetermined wavelength, thereby playing the role of color resistance, and cooperating with the spacing layer 20 having a light shielding effect, the effect of removing the polarizer and reducing reflection can be achieved.

[0096] In some embodiments, the light adjusting layer 50 has a transmittance greater than or equal to 65% to light with a wavelength range of 615nm to 625nm, a transmittance greater than or equal to 60% to light with a wavelength range of 525nm to 535nm, a transmittance greater than or equal to 80% to light with a wavelength range of 455nm to 465nm, and a transmittance less than 45% to light of the remaining wavebands; that is, the present embodiment has a relatively high transmittance to red, green and blue light, which can effectively improve the light efficiency of the display module.

[0097] In some embodiments, the light adjusting layer 50 has a transmittance greater than or equal to 55% to light of all wavebands.

[0098] In some embodiments, the thickness of the light adjustment layer 50 can be greater than or equal to 23 microns and less than or equal to 75 microns, for example, the thickness of the light adjustment layer 50 can be 23 microns, 30 microns, 35 microns, 40 microns, 45 microns, 50 microns, 55 microns, 60 microns, 65 microns, 70 microns or 75 microns, etc.; the light adjustment layer 50 can include a substrate and dye molecules distributed in the substrate, and the material of the substrate can include at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), triacetate cellulose (TAC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), acrylic, cyclic olefin polymer (COP).

[0099] It can be understood that, compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the light adjustment layer 50 is used to replace the red, green and blue color resist, and since the red, green and blue color resist needs to be formed by at least three mask processes, the light adjustment layer 50 can be formed on the surface of the second refractive layer 40 away from the first refractive layer 30 by one lamination process, which can effectively save the process procedure and reduce the process cost; in addition, the high and low refractive reflection surfaces are formed with the aid of the sidewalls of the openings 201 of the spacing layer 20, which can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display module, and without the need to open grooves in the first refractive layer 30 and cover the grooves with the second refractive layer 40 to form high and low refractive reflection surfaces, the process procedure is further saved and the process cost is reduced; therefore, in the embodiment, the spacing layer 20 can be used for the formation of high and low refractive reflection surfaces on one hand, and can also be used in cooperation with the light adjustment layer 50 to play the role of reducing reflection and removing polarizing sheets on the other hand, and the removal of polarizing sheets and the micro-lens technology are realized at the same time by the spacing layer 20, that is, the functions of reducing the thickness of the display module and reducing reflection are realized, the forward light extraction efficiency of the display module is improved, the power consumption of the display module is reduced, the process procedure is saved, and the process cost is reduced.

[0100] In some embodiments, the second refractive layer 40 fills a plurality of openings 201, and the surface of the second refractive layer 40 away from the first refractive layer 30 is a plane, which can improve the lamination yield between the light adjustment layer 50 and the second refractive layer 40.

[0101] It should be noted that the interval layer 20 is prepared by using light shielding material, which has light absorption effect itself and reduces light output efficiency. Therefore, the interval layer 20 is not suitable for directly serving as a low refractive index layer to form a high-low refractive index reflection surface with a high refractive index layer. In the embodiment of the present application, the first refractive index layer 30 with low refractive index is formed on the interval layer 20, which can realize the high-low refractive index reflection surface and reduce the influence of the light absorption effect of the interval layer 20 on the high-low refractive index reflection surface.

[0102] Further, in the actual application process, the display module provided in the embodiment of the present application can be the same as the structure of the black matrix layer 2 and the following structure in the display panel shown in FIG. 1 in the interval layer 20 and the following structure, and then the same production equipment can be used to produce the interval layer 20 and the following structure, which can reduce the improvement of the production line, further reduce the production cost, and effectively improve the light output efficiency and realistic effect of the prepared display module.

[0103] In addition, the display module further comprises a cover plate 63 arranged on the side of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30, and the cover plate 63 can be attached to the side of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30 through the adhesive layer 62.

[0104] In some embodiments, the light adjusting layer 50 is arranged on the surface of the second refractive index layer 40 away from the first refractive index layer 30, as shown in FIG. 2.

[0105] In some embodiments, the light adjusting layer 50 is arranged on the surface of the cover plate 63 close to the second refractive index layer 40, as shown in FIG. 6.

[0106] In some embodiments, the light adjusting layer 50 is arranged on the surface of the cover plate 63 away from the second refractive index layer 40, as shown in FIG. 7.

[0107] Further, the present application provides comparative examples, examples 1 to 3 to verify the improvement of light output efficiency of the light adjusting layer 50 in different positions.

[0108] Among them, the comparative example can be the panel structure shown in FIG. 1, example 1 can be the display module structure shown in FIG. 2, example 2 can be the display module structure shown in FIG. 6, and example 3 can be the display module structure shown in FIG. 7. In examples 1 to 3, except that the transmittance of the light adjusting layer 50 to each waveband and the position are different, the other structures of the display module are the same, and the specific parameters and light output efficiency improvement are shown in Table 1.

[0109] Table 1

[0110]

[0111] As can be seen from Table 1, the display module provided in the embodiments of the present application can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency, and the closer the light adjustment layer 50 is to the second refractive layer 40, and in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the light adjustment layer 50 is closest to the second refractive layer 40, and thus more light can be selectively transmitted, and the light extraction efficiency of the display module is higher.

[0112] Further, the embodiments of the present application also verify the improvement of light extraction efficiency by the microlens structure formed by the spacing layer 20, the first refractive layer 30 and the second refractive layer 40, and provide comparative examples and examples 4 to 7, wherein the comparative examples are the structure shown in Figure 1, and examples 4 to 7 are the structure of the display module shown in Figure 2, and the specific parameters and light extraction efficiency improvement are shown in Table 2.

[0113] Table 2

[0114]

[0115] As can be seen from Table 2, the display module provided in the embodiments of the present application can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display module by the cooperation of the spacing layer 20, the first refractive layer 30 and the second refractive layer 40 to form a high-low refractive total reflection surface.

[0116] In summary, compared with the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the light adjustment layer 50 is used to replace the red, green and blue color resist in the embodiments of the present application, and since the red, green and blue color resist needs at least three mask processes to form, and the light adjustment layer 50 can be formed on the surface of the second refractive layer 40 away from the first refractive layer 30 by one lamination process, which can effectively save the process procedure and reduce the process cost. In addition, the high-low refractive reflection surface is formed by the sidewall of the opening 201 of the spacing layer 20 in the embodiments of the present application, which can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display module, and does not need to open a groove in the first refractive layer 30 and cover the groove with the second refractive layer 40 to form a high-low refractive reflection surface, further saving the process procedure and reducing the process cost. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, the spacing layer 20 can be used for the formation of the high-low refractive reflection surface on one hand, and can also be used to cooperate with the light adjustment layer 50 to play the role of reducing reflection and removing polarizing plates on the other hand. The present application simultaneously realizes the removal of polarizing plates and the micro-lens technology, that is, the functions of reducing the thickness of the display module, reducing reflection, improving the forward light extraction efficiency of the display module, reducing the power consumption of the display module, saving the process procedure and reducing the process cost are realized.

[0117] In addition, in combination with FIG. 2, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9 to FIG. 13, the application further provides a manufacturing method of a display module, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

[0118] S10, providing a panel body 10, wherein the panel body 10 comprises a plurality of light emitting parts.

[0119] S20, forming a spacer layer 20 on one side of the panel body 10, wherein a plurality of openings 201 corresponding to the plurality of light emitting parts are formed in the spacer layer 20, and the material of the spacer layer 20 comprises a light shielding material.

[0120] S30, forming a first refractive index layer 30 on the side of the spacer layer 20 away from the panel body 10, wherein the first refractive index layer 30 covers the sidewalls and the bottom of the plurality of openings 201.

[0121] S40, forming a second refractive index layer 40 on the side of the first refractive index layer 30 away from the spacer layer 20, wherein the second refractive index layer 40 covers the first refractive index layer 30 and fills the plurality of openings 201, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer 40 is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 30.

[0122] In an embodiment of the application, the step of forming a spacer layer on one side of a panel body comprises:

[0123] forming a light shielding material layer on one side of the panel body;

[0124] performing a patterning process on the light shielding material layer to form the spacer layer with a plurality of openings.

[0125] In an embodiment of the application, the step of forming a first refractive index layer on the side of the spacer layer away from the panel body comprises:

[0126] attaching a protective layer to the side of the spacer layer away from the panel body, and the protective layer is attached to the spacer layer through an adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer at least covers the sidewalls and the bottom of the openings;

[0127] removing the protective layer, and the adhesive layer remaining on the sidewalls and the bottom of the openings forms the first refractive index layer.

[0128] In an embodiment of the application, after the step of forming a second refractive index layer on the side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer, the method further comprises:

[0129] forming a light adjusting layer on the side of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer, and the light adjusting layer is distributed with dye molecules;

[0130] The light adjustment layer has a transmittance greater than or equal to 65% for light with a wavelength range of 615 nm to 625 nm, a transmittance greater than or equal to 60% for light with a wavelength range of 525 nm to 535 nm, and a transmittance greater than or equal to 80% for light with a wavelength range of 455 nm to 465 nm.

[0131] Specifically, in step S10, the panel body 10 is provided, and a touch layer 61 is formed on the light-out side of the panel body 10.

[0132] In some embodiments, the panel body 10 includes a light-emitting layer including a plurality of light-emitting portions. The light-emitting portions are located within the pixel openings of the pixel definition layer, and the light-emitting portions can include red, green, and blue pixel units.

[0133] In step S20, a light-blocking material layer is formed on the side of the touch layer 61 away from the panel body 10. The material of the light-blocking material layer can include black matrix material.

[0134] Next, the light-blocking material layer is patterned to form the spacing layer 20 having a plurality of openings 201, as shown in FIG. 9. The plurality of openings 201 are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting portions.

[0135] In step S30, a protective layer 641 is attached to the side of the spacing layer 20 away from the panel body 10, and the protective layer 641 is attached to the spacing layer 20 through an adhesive layer 642, and the adhesive layer 642 covers at least the sidewalls and bottom of the openings 201, as shown in FIG. 10.

[0136] It should be noted that, in the process, after the spacing layer 20 is formed, the display module still needs to be transferred and the like, and therefore, a protective layer 641 needs to be attached to the spacing layer 20 to provide protection to the film layers that have been formed in the display module.

[0137] Then, the protective layer 641 is removed, and the adhesive layer 642 remaining on the sidewalls and bottom of the openings 201 forms the first refractive index layer 30, as shown in FIG. 11.

[0138] It should be noted that, in order to form the first refractive index layer 30 with better coverage, after the protective layer 641 is attached, the protective layer 641 can be pressed and the like, so that the adhesive layer 642 is better attached to the sidewalls and bottom of the openings 201, and thus, after the protective layer 641 is removed, the adhesive layer 642 remaining is more and has better coverage.

[0139] As described above, the adhesive layer 642 is used as the first refractive layer 30, which can form a high-low refractive reflective surface on the sidewall of the opening 201, and reduce the number of masks and the process cost.

[0140] In other embodiments of the present application, a low refractive material can be deposited on the side of the spacer layer 20 away from the panel body 10, and then etched to form the first refractive layer 30 corresponding to the opening 201.

[0141] Further, in step S40, the second refractive layer 40 is formed on the side of the first refractive layer 30 away from the spacer layer 20, the second refractive layer 40 covers the first refractive layer 30 and fills the openings 201, and the surface of the second refractive layer 40 away from the first refractive layer 30 is a flat surface, as shown in FIG. 12.

[0142] In step S50, the light adjustment layer 50 is attached to the side of the second refractive layer 40 away from the first refractive layer 30, as shown in FIG. 13, and the light adjustment layer 50 contains dye molecules.

[0143] The light adjustment layer 50 has a transmittance of greater than or equal to 65% for light with a wavelength range of 615nm to 625nm, a transmittance of greater than or equal to 60% for light with a wavelength range of 525nm to 535nm, and a transmittance of greater than or equal to 80% for light with a wavelength range of 455nm to 465nm, which can provide a higher transmittance for red, green and blue light to replace the role of red, green and blue color resist.

[0144] Then, the cover plate 63 is attached to the side of the light adjustment layer 50 away from the second refractive layer 40, and the cover plate 63 can be attached to the light adjustment layer 50 through the adhesive layer 62.

[0145] In summary, compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the light adjustment layer 50 is used to replace the red, green and blue color resist in the embodiment, and since the red, green and blue color resist needs at least three mask processes to form, the light adjustment layer 50 can be formed on the side of the second refractive layer 40 away from the first refractive layer 30 by using one lamination process, which can effectively save the process procedure and reduce the process cost. In addition, the high and low refractive reflective surface is formed by the sidewall of the opening 201 of the spacer layer 20 in the embodiment, which can effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display module, and the high and low refractive reflective surface is formed by opening a groove in the first refractive layer 30 and covering the groove with the second refractive layer 40, which further saves the process procedure and reduces the process cost. Therefore, in the embodiment, the spacer layer 20 can be used for forming the high and low refractive reflective surface, and can also be used in cooperation with the light adjustment layer 50 to play the role of reducing reflection and removing polarizing plate. The removal of the polarizing plate and the micro-lens technology are realized at the same time, that is, the thickness of the display module is reduced, the reflection is reduced, the forward light extraction efficiency of the display module is improved, the power consumption of the display module is reduced, the process procedure is saved, and the process cost is reduced. In addition, the first refractive layer 30 in the embodiment can be formed by using the adhesive layer 642 remaining after attaching the protective layer 641, without additional new process, which further reduces the process cost.

[0146] In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides a display device, which comprises the display module or the display module manufactured by the manufacturing method of the display module.

[0147] It can be understood that the display device provided by the embodiment of the present application has the display module described in the above-mentioned embodiments, and therefore, the display device has the same beneficial effects as the display module, which will not be described here.

[0148] In the above-mentioned embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related description of other embodiments.

[0149] The display module and its manufacturing method, and the display device provided by the embodiment of the present application are described in detail above, and the principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples. The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to help understand the technical solutions and core ideas of the present application; those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the above-mentioned embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A display module, comprising: a panel body comprising a plurality of light emitting portions; a spacer layer disposed on one side of the panel body; a first refractive index layer disposed on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body; a second refractive index layer disposed on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer, the second refractive index layer having a refractive index greater than that of the first refractive index layer; wherein the spacer layer has a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light emitting portions, the first refractive index layer covers sidewalls and bottoms of the plurality of openings, the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings, and the spacer layer comprises a light shielding material.

2. The display module of claim 1, wherein, The display module further comprises a light adjusting layer disposed on a side of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer, and the light adjusting layer has dye molecules distributed therein.

3. The display module of claim 2, wherein, The light adjusting layer has a transmittance of greater than or equal to 65% for light having a wavelength range of 615 nm to 625 nm, a transmittance of greater than or equal to 60% for light having a wavelength range of 525 nm to 535 nm, and a transmittance of greater than or equal to 80% for light having a wavelength range of 455 nm to 465 nm.

4. The display module of claim 2, wherein, The light adjusting layer is disposed on a surface of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer.

5. The display module of claim 2, wherein, The display module further comprises a cover plate disposed on a side of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer. The light adjusting layer is disposed on a surface of the cover plate close to the second refractive index layer. Alternatively, the light adjusting layer is disposed on a surface of the cover plate away from the second refractive index layer.

6. The display module of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The first refractive index layer comprises a first sub-portion covering sidewalls of the openings and a second sub-portion covering bottoms of the openings, an included angle between the first sub-portion and the second sub-portion is greater than or equal to 90° and less than or equal to 115°.

7. The display module of claim 6, wherein, The first sub-portion has a uniform film thickness at different positions.

8. The display module of claim 6, wherein, The second sub-portion has a uniform film thickness at different positions.

9. The display module of claim 1, wherein, The first refractive index layer comprises a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.

10. The display module of claim 9, wherein, The display module comprises a sensor placement area and a display area adjacent to the sensor placement area, the display module comprises a light-transmitting opening disposed in the sensor placement area, the first refractive index layer is disposed at least in the display area, and the spacer layer is disposed in the display area but not in the sensor placement area.

11. The display module of claim 10, wherein, The first refractive index layer is also disposed in the sensor placement area and covers sidewalls and bottoms of the light-transmitting opening, and the display module further comprises a filling portion disposed on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the panel body and located in the sensor placement area, the filling portion being filled in the light-transmitting opening. The filling portion comprises at least one of acrylic, polyimide, and polycarbonate.

12. The display module of claim 10, wherein, The second refractive index layer is disposed in the display area and the sensor placement area, and the second refractive index layer fills the plurality of openings and the light-transmitting opening.

13. The display module of claim 1, wherein, The first refractive index layer comprises at least one of acrylic, polyimide, and polycarbonate.

14. The display module of claim 1, wherein, The first refractive index layer has a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.48 and less than or equal to 1.52, and the second refractive index layer has a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.55 and less than or equal to 1.

7.

15. The display module of claim 1 or 14, wherein, The difference between the refractive index of the first refractive index layer and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than or equal to 0.

08.

16. A manufacturing method of a display module, comprising: providing a panel body comprising a plurality of light emitting portions; forming a spacer layer on one side of the panel body, the spacer layer comprising a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light emitting portions, and the spacer layer comprising a light shielding material; forming a first refractive index layer on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body, the first refractive index layer covering sidewalls and bottoms of the plurality of openings; forming a second refractive index layer on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer, the second refractive index layer covering the first refractive index layer and filling the plurality of openings, and the second refractive index layer having a refractive index greater than that of the first refractive index layer.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The step of forming the spacer layer on one side of the panel body comprises: forming a light shielding material layer on one side of the panel body; patterning the light shielding material layer to form the spacer layer having the plurality of openings.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein, The step of forming the first refractive index layer on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body comprises: attaching a protective layer to a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body, and the protective layer being attached to the spacer layer through an adhesive layer, the adhesive layer covering at least the sidewalls and the bottoms of the openings; removing the protective layer, and the adhesive layer remaining on the sidewalls and the bottoms of the openings forming the first refractive index layer.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein, The step of forming the second refractive index layer on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer further comprises: forming a light adjusting layer on a side of the second refractive index layer away from the first refractive index layer, the light adjusting layer comprising dye molecules; wherein the light adjusting layer has a transmittance greater than or equal to 65% for light having a wavelength range of 615 nm to 625 nm, a transmittance greater than or equal to 60% for light having a wavelength range of 525 nm to 535 nm, and a transmittance greater than or equal to 80% for light having a wavelength range of 455 nm to 465 nm.

20. A display device comprising a display module or a display module manufactured by the manufacturing method of the display module, the display module comprising: a panel body comprising a plurality of light emitting portions; a spacer layer disposed on one side of the panel body; a first refractive index layer disposed on a side of the spacer layer away from the panel body; a second refractive index layer disposed on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the spacer layer, the second refractive index layer having a refractive index greater than that of the first refractive index layer; The interval layer is provided with a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light emitting portions, the first refractive index layer covers the sidewalls and the bottom of the plurality of openings, the second refractive index layer covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings, and the material of the interval layer comprises a light shielding material; The manufacturing method of the display module comprises: A panel body is provided, which comprises a plurality of light emitting portions; An interval layer is formed on one side of the panel body, the interval layer is provided with a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of light emitting portions, and the material of the interval layer comprises a light shielding material; A first refractive index layer is formed on the side of the interval layer away from the panel body, which covers the sidewalls and the bottom of the plurality of openings; A second refractive index layer is formed on the side of the first refractive index layer away from the interval layer, which covers the first refractive index layer and fills the plurality of openings, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than that of the first refractive index layer.

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