Communication method and related apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a communication method and a related apparatus. The method comprises: a tag device sending a first data stream to a reader on a first frequency domain resource, and receiving first indication information from the reader, here the first indication information being used for indicating a first frequency hopping moment; at the first frequency hopping moment, performing frequency hopping from the first frequency domain resource to a second frequency domain resource, here the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource corresponding to different time domain resources; and, on the second frequency domain resource, sending the first data stream to the reader. Using the present method can avoid the problem of transmission power attenuation caused by simultaneously transmitting a first data stream on two frequency domain resources, thus improving the transmission power on each frequency domain resource, and ensuring transmission quality of the first data stream.

Description

Communication method and related apparatus

[0001] This application claims priority from the Chinese patent application No. 202411244807.X entitled "A communication method and related apparatus" and filed with the China Patent Office on September 5, 2024, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and related apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the development of communication technology and the continuous expansion of application scenarios, the problem of spectrum resource shortage is increasingly prominent. Therefore, how to improve the frequency domain utilization of the wireless communication system has become one of the current research hotspots.

[0004] In order to improve the spectrum utilization of the communication system, the prior art proposes a scheme of transmitting signals on multiple subcarriers at the same time, so that frequency selection gain can be obtained, and thus the spectrum utilization is improved. However, this signal transmission mode will have the problem of transmission power attenuation due to power flattening, which will affect the signal transmission quality. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a communication method and related apparatus, which can improve the transmission power of the signal, and thus can ensure the transmission quality of the signal.

[0006] The present application is described below from multiple aspects. It is easy to understand that the implementation modes of the following multiple aspects can be mutually referenced.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which is suitable for a tag device or a chip in the tag device. The method comprises: transmitting a first data stream to a reader on a first frequency domain resource. Receiving first indication information from the reader. Here, the first indication information is used to indicate a first frequency hopping time. Hopping from the first frequency domain resource to a second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time. Here, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource correspond to different time domain resources. Transmitting the first data stream to the reader on the second frequency domain resource.

[0008] In the embodiments of the present application, the tag device can transmit the first data stream on two different frequency domain resources respectively by frequency hopping, so that frequency selection gain can be obtained, the spectrum utilization is improved, and the transmission reliability of the first data stream is improved. Meanwhile, since the time domain resources corresponding to the two frequency domain resources are different, the problem of transmission power attenuation caused by the tag device transmitting the first data stream on the two frequency domain resources at the same time can be avoided, the transmission power on each frequency domain resource is improved, and the transmission quality of the first data stream is ensured. In addition, the problem of intermodulation distortion caused by the tag device transmitting the first data stream on the two frequency domain resources at the same time can also be avoided.

[0009] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are respectively used for transmitting all or part of the first data stream.

[0010] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a first sub-data stream, and the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a second sub-data stream. In the case that the first data stream corresponds to m chips, the first sub-data stream includes n chips of the m chips. The second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips excluding the n chips, or the second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips excluding the n chips and the last chip of the n chips. Here, m and n are positive integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0011] In the above implementation, the tag device can first transmit part of the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, and after frequency hopping, the tag device can continue to transmit the chips corresponding to the first data stream from the last chip not transmitted last time on the second frequency domain resource, so that the integrity of the first data stream transmission before and after frequency hopping can be ensured, and the reliability and stability of communication can be improved.

[0012] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a first sub-data stream in the first data stream, and the second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a second sub-data stream in the first data stream excluding the first sub-data stream. The third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first sub-data stream, and the fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the second sub-data stream.

[0013] In the implementation, the tag device can first transmit part of the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, and in the case of frequency hopping to the first frequency domain resource again, the tag device can continue to transmit the first data stream from the part not transmitted last time. Similarly, the tag device can first transmit part of the first data stream on the second frequency domain resource, and in the case of frequency hopping to the second frequency domain resource again, the tag device can continue to transmit the first data stream from the part not transmitted last time. In this way, the stability of the transmission of the first data stream on the same frequency domain resource is ensured, and the reliability of the communication is improved.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second frequency domain resource is used to transmit a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream, except the third sub-data stream.

[0015] In the implementation, after the tag device transmits the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, the tag device can repeatedly transmit the first data stream on the remaining frequency domain resources, so as to improve the utilization rate of the frequency domain resources. After frequency hopping, the tag device can continue to transmit the first data stream from the part not transmitted last time on the second frequency domain resource, so as to ensure the integrity of the transmission of the first data stream before and after frequency hopping, and improve the reliability and stability of the communication.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, in the case that the current residual energy of the tag device is greater than or equal to a preset energy threshold, the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit the third sub-data stream.

[0017] In the implementation, in the case that the current residual energy of the tag device is sufficient, the tag device can repeatedly transmit the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, so as to ensure the reliability and stability of the communication.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. A second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource can be used to transmit a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream, except the third sub-data stream. A third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the first data stream and the third sub-data stream in the first data stream. A fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream, except the third sub-data stream.

[0019] In the implementation, after the tag device transmits the first data stream on a frequency domain resource, the tag device can continue to repeatedly transmit the first data stream, and in the case of frequency hopping to the frequency domain resource again, the tag device can continue to transmit the first data stream from the part not transmitted last time, so as to ensure the stability of the transmission of the first data stream on the same frequency domain resource, and improve the reliability of the communication.

[0020] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first frequency domain resource and a first sub-time domain resource in the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource are used for transmitting the first data stream. A second sub-time domain resource in the first time domain resource other than the first sub-time domain resource is used for charging the tag device.

[0021] In the implementation, after the tag device transmits the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, the tag device can be charged on the remaining frequency domain resource without repeatedly transmitting the first data stream, so that the energy storage of the tag device is ensured to be sufficient, and the reliability and stability of the communication are ensured.

[0022] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, in a case where the current residual energy of the tag device is less than the preset energy threshold, the second sub-time domain resource is used for charging the tag device.

[0023] In the implementation, in a case where the current residual energy of the tag device is insufficient, after the tag device transmits the first data stream, the tag device can be charged instead of repeatedly transmitting the first data stream, so that the energy storage of the tag device is ensured to be sufficient, and the reliability and stability of the communication are improved.

[0024] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first indication information includes a first time interval between a first frequency hopping time and a start time of a fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0025] In the implementation, the first frequency hopping time from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource is indicated by indicating the time interval, and the indication manner is simple and easy to implement.

[0026] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method further includes: hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at a second frequency hopping time. Here, the second frequency hopping time is determined by the first frequency hopping time and a length of the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource. The length of the first time domain resource is determined based on a first parameter. The first parameter includes one or more of a data amount of the first data stream, an encoding manner of the first data stream, and a retransmission number of the first data stream. The first data stream is transmitted to the reader on the first frequency domain resource.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving second indication information from the reader. The second indication information is used to indicate the frequency hopping times corresponding to the transmission process of the first data stream. The frequency hopping times include the frequency hopping times from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource and / or the frequency hopping times from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0028] In the above implementation, the tag device can determine the frequency hopping times corresponding to the transmission process of the first data stream through the second indication information, and then determine the frequency hopping time corresponding to each subsequent frequency hopping, so that the tag device performs frequency hopping transmission at the corresponding frequency hopping time. Moreover, the indication manner is simple and easy to implement.

[0029] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving third indication information from the reader. The third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner. The third indication information is also used to indicate that, in the case of transmitting the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0030] In the above implementation, the tag device can determine whether the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner and the first frequency hopping condition through the third indication information, so that the tag device subsequently transmits the first data stream on the corresponding frequency domain resource. Moreover, the indication manner is simple and easy to implement.

[0031] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving fourth indication information from the reader. The fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner.

[0032] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner. The bit value corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0033] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is less than a preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is not transmitted in the frequency hopping manner. In the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is greater than or equal to the preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner.

[0034] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0035] wherein, in the embodiments of the present application, denotes the ceiling function, which is used to map a real number a to the smallest integer not less than the real number a. N tone denotes the number of frequency domain resources available to the tag device and the reader.

[0036] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0037] wherein, is the permutation number formula, that is,

[0038] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the fourth indication information includes first sub-indication information and second sub-indication information. The first sub-indication information is used to indicate the identity of the first frequency domain resource and indicate that the first frequency domain resource is the first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first data stream. The second sub-indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the second frequency domain resource is determined based on the first frequency domain resource and the preset frequency domain resource interval number.

[0039] In the above implementation, the tag device can determine, through the fourth indication information, whether the first data stream is to be transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the two frequency domain resources to be used in the frequency hopping transmission, so as to facilitate the tag device to subsequently transmit the first data stream on the corresponding frequency domain resources. Moreover, such an indication manner is simple and easy to implement.

[0040] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method further includes: sending a preamble signal to the reader. Here, the preamble signal is used to determine the amplitude information and / or phase information of the first signal, and the first signal carries the first data stream.

[0041] In the above implementation, after frequency hopping, the tag device can further send a preamble signal to the reader, so that the reader can measure the amplitude signal and / or phase information of the first signal sent on the frequency domain resource after frequency hopping. Thus, the reader can demodulate the first signal according to the determined amplitude information and / or phase information in subsequent demodulation, avoiding the problem of demodulation error due to identification error of the amplitude and / or phase in demodulation, and improving the reliability and stability of the first data stream transmission.

[0042] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which is suitable for a reader or a chip in the reader. The method comprises: receiving a first data stream from a tag device on a first frequency domain resource; sending first indication information to the tag device and / or a carrier node, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a first frequency hopping moment; hopping from the first frequency domain resource to a second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping moment, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource correspond to different time domain resources; and receiving the first data stream from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource.

[0043] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are respectively used for transmitting all or part of the first data stream.

[0044] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a first sub-data stream, and the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a second sub-data stream. In a case where the first data stream corresponds to m chips, the first sub-data stream includes n chips of the m chips. The second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips excluding the n chips, or the second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips excluding the n chips and a last chip of the n chips. Here, m and n are positive integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0045] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation, a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a first sub-data stream in the first data stream, and a second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a second sub-data stream in the first data stream excluding the first sub-data stream. A third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first sub-data stream, and a fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the second sub-data stream.

[0046] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream excluding the third sub-data stream.

[0047] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation, in a case where a current residual energy of the tag device is greater than or equal to a preset energy threshold, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the third sub-data stream.

[0048] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream except the third sub-data stream. The third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first data stream and the third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream except the third sub-data stream.

[0049] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the first frequency domain resource and a first time domain resource in the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource are used for transmitting the first data stream. The first frequency domain resource and a second time domain resource in the first time domain resource except the first time domain resource are used for charging the tag device.

[0050] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a case where the current residual energy of the tag device is less than the preset energy threshold, the second time domain resource is used for charging the tag device.

[0051] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the first indication information includes a first time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0052] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method further includes: hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at a second frequency hopping time. Here, the second frequency hopping time is determined by the first frequency hopping time and a length of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource. The length of the first time domain resource is determined based on a first parameter. The first parameter includes one or more of a data amount of the first data stream, an encoding mode of the first data stream, and a retransmission number of the first data stream. The first data stream from the tag device is received on the first frequency domain resource.

[0053] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method further includes: sending second indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the second indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping number corresponding to the transmission process of the first data stream. The frequency hopping number includes a number of times of hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, and / or a number of times of hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0054] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method further includes: sending third indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The third indication information is also used to indicate that, in the case that the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0055] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method further includes: sending fourth indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0056] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The bit value corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0057] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, in the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is less than a preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is not transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. In the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is greater than or equal to the preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0058] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, is a ceiling function, which is used to map a real number a to the smallest integer not less than the real number a. N tone represents the number of frequency domain resources that can be used by the tag device and the reader.

[0060] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0061] wherein, is a permutation formula, that is,

[0062] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the fourth indication information comprises first sub-indication information and second sub-indication information. The first sub-indication information is used to indicate the identity of the first frequency domain resource and indicate that the first frequency domain resource is the first frequency domain resource in which the first data stream is transmitted. The second sub-indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the second frequency domain resource is determined based on the first frequency domain resource and a preset frequency domain resource interval number.

[0063] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the receiving the first data stream from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource comprises: receiving a first signal from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource. Here, the first signal carries the first data stream. A preamble signal from the tag device is received. The amplitude information and / or the phase information of the first signal are determined according to the amplitude information and / or the phase information of the preamble signal. The first data stream is demodulated based on the amplitude information and / or the phase information of the first signal.

[0064] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the first indication information comprises a first time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0065] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further comprises: receiving second indication information from the reader. Here, the second indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping number corresponding to the transmission process of the first data stream. The frequency hopping number comprises a frequency hopping number from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, and / or a frequency hopping number from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0066] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further comprises: receiving second indication information from the reader. Here, the second indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping number corresponding to the transmission process of the first data stream. The frequency hopping number comprises a frequency hopping number from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, and / or a frequency hopping number from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0067] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, third indication information from the reader is received. Here, the third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The third indication information is also used to indicate that, in the case of transmitting the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0068] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the fourth indication information is received from the reader. Here, the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identity of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0069] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The value of the bit corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identity of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0070] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, in a case where the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is less than a preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is not transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. In a case where the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is greater than or equal to the preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0071] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0072] In the embodiments of the present application, is a ceiling function, which is used to map a real number a to the smallest integer not less than the real number a. N tone represents the number of frequency domain resources that can be used by the tag device and the reader.

[0073] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0074] wherein, is a permutation formula, that is,

[0075] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the fourth indication information includes first sub-indication information and second sub-indication information. The first sub-indication information is used to indicate the identity of the first frequency domain resource and the first frequency domain resource as the first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first data stream. The second sub-indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the second frequency domain resource is determined based on the first frequency domain resource and a preset frequency domain resource interval number.

[0076] With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method further includes: transmitting a carrier signal corresponding to the first frequency domain resource to the tag device at the second frequency hopping moment.

[0077] It should be understood that the communication method provided by the second aspect and the third aspect above is used to implement the communication method provided by the first aspect above, and thus the same beneficial effects can be achieved. In order to avoid redundancy, the description will not be repeated.

[0078] It should be understood that the communication method provided by the first aspect above is also applicable to functional components in the tag device, such as a processor, a chip, a chip system, and a circuit in the tag device, and the present application does not specifically limit this. Similarly, the communication method provided by the second aspect or the third aspect is also applicable to functional components in the corresponding device, and thus the description will not be repeated here to avoid redundancy.

[0079] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus, which can be the tag device mentioned in the first aspect above. The communication apparatus includes modules, units or means corresponding to the above method, which can be implemented by hardware, software or by executing corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.

[0080] In some possible designs, the communication apparatus includes a transceiver unit (which can also be referred to as a transceiver module) and a processing unit (which can also be referred to as a processing module). The transceiver unit is configured to transmit a first data stream to a reader on a first frequency domain resource. The transceiver unit is also configured to receive first indication information from the reader. Here, the first indication information is used to indicate a first frequency hopping time. The processing unit is configured to hop from the first frequency domain resource to a second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time. Here, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource correspond to different time domain resources. The transceiver unit is also configured to transmit the first data stream to the reader on the second frequency domain resource.

[0081] In combination with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are respectively used to transmit all or part of the first data stream.

[0082] In combination with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a first sub-data stream, and the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit a second sub-data stream. In a case where the first data stream corresponds to m chips, the first sub-data stream includes n chips of the m chips. The second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips excluding the n chips, or the second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips excluding the n chips and a last chip of the n chips. Here, m and n are positive integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0083] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmission of the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second frequency domain resource is used for transmission of a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream, except for the third sub-data stream.

[0084] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmission of the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second frequency domain resource is used for transmission of a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream, except for the third sub-data stream.

[0085] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a case where the current residual energy of the tag device is greater than or equal to the preset energy threshold, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmission of the third sub-data stream.

[0086] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the first frequency domain resource corresponds to a first time domain resource, which can be used for transmission of the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The first frequency domain resource corresponds to a second time domain resource, which can be used for transmission of a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream, except for the third sub-data stream. The second frequency domain resource corresponds to a third time domain resource, which can be used for transmission of the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second frequency domain resource corresponds to a fourth time domain resource, which can be used for transmission of a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream, except for the third sub-data stream.

[0087] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the first frequency domain resource and a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource are used for transmission of the first data stream. The first frequency domain resource and a second time domain resource, except for the first time domain resource, are used for charging of the tag device.

[0088] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a case where the current residual energy of the tag device is less than the preset energy threshold, the second time domain resource is used for charging of the tag device.

[0089] In a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the first indication information includes a first time interval between a first frequency hopping time and a start time of a fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0090] In a possible implementation mode of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to hop from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at a second hopping time. The second hopping time is determined by the first hopping time and a length of the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource. The length of the first time domain resource is determined based on the first parameter, the first parameter including one or more of a data amount of the first data stream, a coding mode of the first data stream, and a retransmission number of the first data stream. The transceiver is further configured to transmit the first data stream to the reader on the first frequency domain resource.

[0091] In a possible implementation mode of the fourth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to receive second indication information from the reader. The second indication information is used to indicate a hopping number corresponding to the transmission process of the first data stream. The hopping number includes a number of times of hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource and / or a number of times of hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0092] In a possible implementation mode of the fourth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to receive third indication information from the reader. The third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a hopping manner. The third indication information is further used to indicate, in the case that the first data stream is transmitted in the hopping manner, whether the first hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0093] In a possible implementation mode of the fourth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to receive fourth indication information from the reader. The fourth indication information is used to indicate identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in a hopping manner.

[0094] In a possible implementation mode of the fourth aspect, a number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a hopping manner. A bit value corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0095] In a possible implementation mode of the fourth aspect, in the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is less than a preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is not transmitted in a hopping manner. In the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is greater than or equal to the preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is transmitted in a hopping manner.

[0096] In a possible implementation mode of the fourth aspect, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0097] wherein, in the embodiments of the present application, denotes a ceiling function, which is used to map a real number a to the smallest integer not less than the real number a. N tone denotes the number of frequency domain resources available to the tag device and the reader.

[0098] In combination with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0099] wherein, is a permutation number formula, that is,

[0100] In combination with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the fourth indication information includes first sub-indication information and second sub-indication information. The first sub-indication information is used to indicate the identity of the first frequency domain resource and indicate that the first frequency domain resource is the first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first data stream. The second sub-indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the second frequency domain resource is determined based on the first frequency domain resource and the preset frequency domain resource interval number.

[0101] In combination with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the transceiver is further configured to send a preamble signal to the reader. Here, the preamble signal is used to determine the amplitude information and / or the phase information of the first signal, and the first signal carries the first data stream.

[0102] In the fifth aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus, which can be the reader mentioned in the second aspect. The communication apparatus includes modules, units or means corresponding to the above-mentioned method, which can be implemented by hardware, software or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.

[0103] In some possible designs, the communication apparatus includes a transceiver (which can also be referred to as a transceiver module) and a processing unit (which can also be referred to as a processing module). The transceiver is configured to receive the first data stream from the tag device on the first frequency domain resource. The transceiver is further configured to send first indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the first indication information is used to indicate the first frequency hopping time. The processing unit is configured to hop from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time. Here, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource correspond to different time domain resources. The transceiver is further configured to receive the first data stream from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource.

[0104] In combination with the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are respectively used for transmitting all or part of the first data stream.

[0105] With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first sub-data stream, and the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the second sub-data stream. In a case where the first data stream corresponds to m chips, the first sub-data stream includes n chips of the m chips. The second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips other than the n chips, or the second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips other than the n chips and the last chip of the n chips. Here, m and n are positive integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0106] With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a first sub-data stream in the first data stream, and a second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a second sub-data stream in the first data stream other than the first sub-data stream. A third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first sub-data stream, and a fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the second sub-data stream.

[0107] With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream other than the third sub-data stream.

[0108] With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, in a case where a current residual energy of the tag device is greater than or equal to a preset energy threshold, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the third sub-data stream.

[0109] With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. A second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream other than the third sub-data stream. A third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first data stream and the third sub-data stream in the first data stream, and a fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream other than the third sub-data stream.

[0110] With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first frequency domain resource and a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource are used for transmitting the first data stream. A second time domain resource other than the first time domain resource in the first time domain resource is used for charging the tag device.

[0111] With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, in a case where a current residual energy of the tag device is less than a preset energy threshold, the second time domain resource is used for charging the tag device.

[0112] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the first indication information includes a first time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of the fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0113] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to hop from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at a second frequency hopping time. Here, the second frequency hopping time is determined by the first frequency hopping time and a length of the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource. The length of the first time domain resource is determined based on a first parameter. The first parameter includes one or more of a data amount of the first data stream, an encoding manner of the first data stream, and a retransmission number of the first data stream. The transceiver is further configured to receive the first data stream from the tag device on the first frequency domain resource.

[0114] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to send second indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the second indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping number corresponding to a transmission process of the first data stream. The frequency hopping number includes a number of times of hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, and / or a number of times of hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0115] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to send third indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The third indication information is further used to indicate, in a case that the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner, whether the first frequency domain resource hops to the second frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource hops to the first frequency domain resource for the first time.

[0116] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to send fourth indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the fourth indication information is used to indicate identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner.

[0117] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, a number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner. A bit value corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0118] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, in a case where the fourth indication information corresponds to a bit number less than the preset bit number, the bit number corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is not transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. In a case where the fourth indication information corresponds to a bit number greater than or equal to the preset bit number, the bit number corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0119] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the preset bit number satisfies the following formula:

[0120] In the embodiments of the present application, is a ceiling function, which is used to map a real number a to a minimum integer not less than the real number a. N tone represents the number of frequency domain resources available to the tag device and the reader.

[0121] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the preset bit number satisfies the following formula:

[0122] wherein, is a permutation number formula, that is,

[0123] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the fourth indication information includes first sub-indication information and second sub-indication information. The first sub-indication information is used to indicate an identity of the first frequency domain resource and that a first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first data stream is the first frequency domain resource. The second sub-indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the second frequency domain resource is determined based on the first frequency domain resource and a preset frequency domain resource interval number.

[0124] In a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to receive, from the tag device, a first signal on the second frequency domain resource. Here, the first signal carries the first data stream. The transceiver is further configured to receive a preamble signal from the tag device. The processing unit is further configured to determine amplitude information and / or phase information of the first signal according to amplitude information and / or phase information of the preamble signal. The processing unit is further configured to demodulate to obtain the first data stream based on the amplitude information and / or the phase information of the first signal.

[0125] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus, which can be the carrier node mentioned in the third aspect. The communication apparatus includes modules, units or means corresponding to the above-mentioned method, which can be implemented by hardware, software or by executing corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.

[0126] In some possible design, the communication apparatus includes a transceiving unit (which can also be referred to as a transceiving module) and a processing unit (which can also be referred to as a processing module). The transceiving unit transmits a carrier signal corresponding to the first frequency domain resource. The transceiving unit further receives first indication information from the reader. Here, the first indication information is used to indicate the first frequency hopping time. The transceiving unit further transmits a carrier signal corresponding to the second frequency domain resource to the tag device at the first frequency hopping time.

[0127] With reference to the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation, the first indication information includes a first time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0128] With reference to the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation, the transceiving unit further receives second indication information from the reader. Here, the second indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping number corresponding to a transmission process of the first data stream. The frequency hopping number includes a number of times of frequency hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, and / or a number of times of frequency hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0129] With reference to the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation, the transceiving unit further receives third indication information from the reader. Here, the third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The third indication information is further used to indicate, in a case that the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner, whether the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0130] With reference to the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation, the transceiving unit further receives fourth indication information from the reader. Here, the fourth indication information is used to indicate identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner.

[0131] With reference to the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation, a number of bits of the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner. A bit value of the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0132] In a possible implementation manner of the sixth aspect, in a case where the fourth indication information corresponds to a bit number less than the preset bit number, the bit number corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is not transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. In a case where the fourth indication information corresponds to a bit number greater than or equal to the preset bit number, the bit number corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0133] In a possible implementation manner of the sixth aspect, the preset bit number satisfies the following formula:

[0134] In the embodiments of the present application, is a ceiling function, which is used to map a real number a to a minimum integer not less than the real number a. N tone denotes the number of frequency domain resources available to the tag device and the reader.

[0135] In a possible implementation manner of the sixth aspect, the preset bit number satisfies the following formula:

[0136] wherein, is a permutation number formula, that is,

[0137] In a possible implementation manner of the sixth aspect, the fourth indication information includes first sub-indication information and second sub-indication information. The first sub-indication information is used to indicate an identity of the first frequency domain resource and that a first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first data stream is the first frequency domain resource. The second sub-indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the second frequency domain resource is determined based on the first frequency domain resource and a preset frequency domain resource interval number.

[0138] In a possible implementation manner of the sixth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to send, to the tag device, a carrier signal corresponding to the first frequency domain resource at the second frequency hopping moment.

[0139] In a possible implementation manner of the sixth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to send, to the tag device, a carrier signal corresponding to the first frequency domain resource at the second frequency hopping moment.

[0140] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect, or the method in the third aspect or any possible implementation manner of the third aspect is executed.

[0141] In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus, which comprises at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to execute the method in any one of the above aspects or any possible implementation manner of any one of the above aspects. The communication apparatus can be the tag device in the first aspect, or an apparatus comprising the tag device, or an apparatus comprising the tag device, such as a chip; or the communication apparatus can be the reader in the second aspect, or an apparatus comprising the reader, or an apparatus comprising the reader, such as a chip; or the communication apparatus can be the carrier node in the third aspect, or an apparatus comprising the carrier node, or an apparatus comprising the carrier node, such as a chip.

[0142] With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the communication apparatus further comprises a memory configured to store necessary program instructions and data (i.e. computer program).

[0143] With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the memory can be coupled with the processor, or can be independent of the processor.

[0144] In a tenth aspect, the present application provides a chip system, which comprises at least one processor. The processor is configured to execute computer execution instructions, so that an apparatus installed with the chip system executes the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect, or the method in the third aspect or any possible implementation manner of the third aspect.

[0145] With reference to the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the chip system further comprises an interface circuit. The interface circuit is configured to receive computer execution instructions and transmit the computer execution instructions to the processor.

[0146] In a eleventh aspect, the present application provides a communication device, comprising: a processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is configured to receive a signal from another communication device outside the communication device and transmit the signal to the processor or send a signal from the processor to the other communication device outside the communication device. The processor is configured to implement the method of any one of the above aspects by means of a logic circuit or by executing a computer program or instructions. The communication device can be the tag device in the first aspect, or a device comprising the tag device, or a device comprising the tag device, such as a chip system; or the communication device can be the reader in the second aspect, or a device comprising the reader, or a device comprising the reader, such as a chip system; or the communication device can be the carrier node in the third aspect, or a device comprising the carrier node, or a device comprising the carrier node, such as a chip system.

[0147] In a twelfth aspect, the present application provides a communication system. The communication system comprises at least a tag device and a reader. The tag device is configured to implement the communication method provided in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. The reader is configured to implement the communication method provided in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0148] In a thirteenth aspect, the present application provides a communication system. The communication system comprises at least a tag device, a reader and a carrier node. The tag device is configured to implement the communication method provided in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. The reader is configured to implement the communication method provided in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. The carrier node is configured to implement the communication method provided in the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect.

[0149] In summary, the communication method provided by the present application can realize the transmission of the first data stream on two different frequency domain resources by means of frequency hopping, which can avoid the problem of transmission power attenuation caused by the simultaneous transmission of the first data stream on two frequency domain resources, and further ensure the transmission quality of the first data stream while avoiding the influence of transmission power attenuation on the transmission quality of the first data stream, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the first data stream. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0150] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0151] FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0152] FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of another communication scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0153] FIG. 1c is a schematic diagram of a scenario of another communication mode provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0154] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of another communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0155] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flow of a communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0156] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a time interval provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0157] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transmission mode provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0158] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another transmission mode provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0159] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another transmission mode provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0160] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a preamble signal provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0161] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another preamble signal provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0162] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a flow of another communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0163] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a flow of another communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0164] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a flow of another communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0165] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a flow of another communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0166] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0167] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0168] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another communication apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0169] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another communication apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0170] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0171] In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. The association relationship of "and / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the textual description of the present application, the character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it; in the formulas of the present application, the character " / " represents a "division" relationship between the associated objects before and after it. "Including at least one of A, B and C" can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B and C.

[0172] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example: Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD), 5th generation (5G) system or new radio (NR), in addition, it can also be applied to future communication systems, such as 6th generation (6G) communication system, etc.

[0173] The system architecture to which the embodiments of the present application are applied will be introduced below. It should be noted that the system architecture and business scenarios described in the present application are to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the present application. Those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of system architecture and the appearance of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0174] Please refer to FIG. 1, which is an architecture schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system can include a reader and a tag device. The reader can interact with the tag device through radio frequency signals or wireless signals, and the two can cooperate with each other to implement the communication method provided by the present application.

[0175] The reader can be a device or apparatus capable of identifying and reading tags. The reader can obtain the information stored in the specified tag according to the instruction issued by the server. For example, if the instruction issued by the server is a check operation (or also known as an inventory operation), the reader can obtain the identification information of the tag. Here, the identification information can be the unique identification of the tag, or the temporary identification of the tag. For another example, if the instruction issued by the server is a read operation, the reader can read the data in the storage area of the tag.

[0176] In possible scenarios, the reader can also have a write function in case it is required to rewrite the information stored in the tag memory. For example, if the instruction issued by the server is a write operation, the reader can write data into the memory area of the tag. In addition, the reader can also perform an invalidation operation on the tag. After the reader performs the invalidation operation, the tag is invalidated and cannot be executed by an inventory operation, a read operation or a write operation, etc. It should be understood that the reader can also be referred to as a reader-writer, and the reader can also have other names, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0177] In the embodiments of the present application, the reader can be a network device or a terminal device, and the form of the reader is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0178] The network device can be a base station, or an access point, or an access network device, or can refer to a device in an access network that communicates with wireless terminals over an air interface through one or more sectors. The network device can be used to convert the received air frames and Internet Protocol (IP) packets to each other, as a router between the wireless terminal and the rest of the access network, which can include an IP network. The network device can also coordinate the management of the properties of the air interface. For example, the network device can be an evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, and can also be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) or an open radio access network (ORAN) scenario, or the network device can be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, an access device in a 5G network or a network device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc. It can also be an access point (AP) in a wireless local area network (WLAN), and can also be a 5G wireless base station (gNodeB or gNB) in an NR system, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0179] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the network device can be a device in a radio access network (RAN), or in other words, a RAN node that accesses a terminal device to a wireless network. For example, by way of example and not limitation, as a network device, the following can be listed: gNB, TRP, evolved Node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), Node B (NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved Node B, or home Node B, HNB), base band unit (BBU), or wireless fidelity (WiFi) AP, and the like.

[0180] The terminal device can be referred to as: user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device, and the like.

[0181] The terminal device can be a device providing voice / data connectivity to a user, for example, a handheld device with wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, etc. At present, some examples of terminals are: mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, palm computer, mobile internet device (MID), wearable device, virtual reality (VR) device, augmented reality (AR) device, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, cellular phone, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld device with wireless communication function, computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, vehicle-mounted device, wearable device, terminal device in a 5G network, or terminal device in a future evolved communication system, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0182] By way of example and not limitation, in the embodiments of the present application, the wearable device can also be referred to as a wearable smart device, which is a general term for devices that are designed and developed by applying wearable technology to daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, etc. The wearable device is a portable device that is directly worn on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. The wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also a device that realizes powerful functions through software support and data interaction and cloud interaction. The general wearable device includes a device with full functions, large size, and the ability to realize complete or partial functions without relying on a smart phone, such as a smart watch or smart glasses, etc., and a device that focuses on a certain application function and needs to be used in cooperation with other devices, such as a smart phone, such as various smart wristbands, smart jewelry, etc.

[0183] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an internet of things (IoT) system. The IoT is an important part of future information technology development, and its main technical feature is to connect objects through technology and network to realize the interconnection of man and machine, and the intelligent network of object-to-object. In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device can also include a relay. Alternatively, it can be understood that all devices capable of communicating data with the base station can be regarded as terminal devices.

[0184] It should be noted that the network device and the terminal device described above can be fixed or mobile. Specifically, the network device and the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted, can also be deployed on the water surface, and can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons and satellites in the air. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on the application scenarios of the network device and the terminal device.

[0185] It should be further noted that the network device and the terminal device described above can communicate through licensed spectrum (licensed spectrum) or unlicensed spectrum (unlicensed spectrum), or through both licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum. The network device and the terminal device can communicate through a spectrum below 6 GHz, or through a spectrum above 6 GHz, or through both a spectrum below 6 GHz and a spectrum above 6 GHz. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on the spectrum resources used between the network device and the terminal device.

[0186] The tag device can be composed of a coupling element and a chip, each tag has an electronic code, and a high-capacity electronic tag has a storage space that can be written by a user, and is attached to an object to identify a target object. The tag can receive a signal sent by the reader to drive the internal circuit to perform coding, decoding, demodulation, demodulation and other operation processing, and reflect the signal sent by the reader, demodulate the information to be transmitted on the reflected signal, and send signaling to the reader. It should be understood that the tag device can also be referred to as a tag, an electronic tag or an electronic device, and the tag device can also have other names, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0187] In the embodiments of the present application, the tag device can be an ambient internet of things (AIoT) tag, which can also be referred to as an AIoT device. The AIoT tag can work in a battery-free or low-power battery mode, without the need for manual battery replacement, but through energy collection in the environment for service and communication.

[0188] Among them, the types of AIoT tags are usually two, one type of AIoT tag (for ease of distinction, hereinafter referred to as the first tag) usually has an output power consumption of about 1 microwatt (μw) and has energy storage capability, but does not have the ability to amplify uplink and downlink signals. The first tag can only transmit information by reflecting (backscattering) an externally provided carrier wave. Another type of AIoT tag (for ease of distinction, hereinafter referred to as the second tag) usually has a peak power of no more than a few hundred microwatts, and has energy storage capability, as well as the ability to amplify uplink and / or downlink signals. The second tag can internally generate signals, or also transmit information by reflecting an externally provided carrier wave.

[0189] In actual implementation, there can be two possible scenarios for the network device to communicate with the AIoT tag. The communication process between the network device and the above two types of AIoT tags in the two different scenarios will be exemplarily explained below in combination with FIG. 1a, FIG. 1b and FIG. 1c.

[0190] In scenario one, the network device can communicate directly with the AIoT tag when it is in a small-range working mode. In this case, for the first tag and the second tag, two different communication methods can be used.

[0191] Method one, please refer to FIG. 1a, which is a schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1a, for the first tag or the second tag supporting reflection, the terminal device communicating with the network device can send a carrier wave, and the first tag or the second tag can reflect on the carrier wave to obtain a reflected signal. In possible scenarios, other network devices in addition to the network device can also send a carrier wave for the first tag device or the second tag device to reflect on the carrier wave to obtain a reflected signal. The first tag or the second tag sends the reflected signal to the network device for uplink transmission. The network device can also send a downlink signal to the first tag or the second tag for downlink transmission.

[0192] Method two, please refer to FIG. 1b, which is a schematic diagram of another communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1b, for the second tag supporting internal signal generation, the signal generated internally by the second tag device can be used for uplink transmission with the network device. The network device can also send a downlink signal to the second tag for downlink transmission.

[0193] In the second scenario, the network device is located outdoors, and it can communicate with the AIoT tag through an additional intermediate node. It should be noted that the AIoT tag communicates with the intermediate node, which can be either from the intermediate node to the AIoT tag or from the AIoT tag to the intermediate node.

[0194] Please refer to FIG. 1c, which is a schematic diagram of another communication mode according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1c, for the first tag or the second tag supporting reflection, the intermediate node can send a carrier for the first tag or the second tag to reflect. Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the intermediate node described above can be a terminal device, which can be fixed or mobile, and the present application does not limit this.

[0195] It should be noted that the network device in the first scenario and the intermediate node in the second scenario can be referred to as a reader, and the AIoT tag in the first scenario and the second scenario can be referred to as a tag device, which can also be referred to as a device (device).

[0196] It should be understood that the process of sending a message from a reader to a device can be referred to as reader-to-device (R2D) transmission, and the process of sending a message from a device to a reader can be referred to as device-to-reader (D2R) transmission. It can be understood that in the above-mentioned first scenario, R2D transmission refers to the communication process of the network device to the AIoT tag, and D2R transmission refers to the communication process of the AIoT tag to the network device. In the above-mentioned second scenario, R2D transmission refers to the communication process of the intermediate node (such as UE) to the AIoT tag, and D2R transmission refers to the communication process of the AIoT tag to the intermediate node (such as UE).

[0197] Optionally, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the communication system can further include a carrier node, which can establish a communication connection with the above-mentioned tag device and reader to implement the communication method provided by the present application. Wherein, the reader can send an indication information to the carrier node. Further, the carrier node can send a carrier to the tag device according to the indication information after receiving the indication information.

[0198] In actual implementation, there are two possible location relationships between the carrier node and the above-mentioned reader. One is that the carrier node and the reader can be located in the same device, that is, the carrier node and the reader can be co-located. The other is that the carrier node and the reader can not be located in the same device, that is, the carrier node and the reader can not be co-located.

[0199] In the embodiments of the present application, the carrier node can be a customer premise equipment (CPE) or a router, and the like, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the implementation form of the carrier node.

[0200] In the embodiments of the present application, the method executed by the reader can also be implemented by functional components inside the reader, such as a chip, a chip system, a processor, a circuit, and the like. Similarly, the method executed by the tag device can also be implemented by functional components inside the tag device, such as a chip, a chip system, a processor, a circuit, and the like. The method executed by the carrier node can also be implemented by functional components inside the carrier node, such as a chip, a chip system, a processor, a circuit, and the like. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0201] It should be understood that there can be multiple tag devices in the communication system. That is, the reader can establish a communication connection with multiple tag devices. Similarly, there can also be multiple readers in the communication system. That is, a tag device can simultaneously establish a communication connection with multiple readers. In the embodiments of the present application, the number of readers and tag devices in the communication system is not specifically limited. Similarly, the data of the carrier node in the communication system is not specifically limited. For ease of understanding, the communication method provided by the present application is described below by taking one reader, one tag device, and one carrier node as an example.

[0202] For ease of understanding the scheme of the present application, some terms or terminologies involved in the present application are described below.

[0203] 1, on-off keying (OOK) mode, chip

[0204] The OOK mode can also be referred to as OOK demodulation, which is a simple wireless signal demodulation method and is mainly used in a digital communication system. The OOK demodulation is a special case of amplitude shift keying (ASK) demodulation, in which the amplitude change of a signal is used to represent binary information. In the OOK, the amplitude of the signal can take two discrete values, one of which is 0 (representing an off state), and the other of which is a non-zero value, that is, 1 (representing an on state). In this demodulation method, the transmission of the carrier is controlled by binary form (0 and 1). Among them, binary "1" corresponds to the on state of the carrier, and binary "0" corresponds to the off state of the carrier.

[0205] Based on the signal obtained in the OOK mode, at least one OOK level signal, i.e., at least one high level signal and / or at least one low level signal, can be carried in one time domain symbol. Among them, one OOK level signal can be called a chip, or in other words, one high level signal or one low level signal can be called a chip. It can be understood that the signal obtained based on the OOK mode can carry at least one chip in one time domain symbol.

[0206] 2, symbol, slot

[0207] The abbreviation of the time domain symbol, which can also be called an OFDM symbol when using the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology. It should be noted that the time domain symbol can also be named in combination with other multiple access modes, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The time domain symbol length can be different for different subcarrier spacings.

[0208] In the embodiments of the present application, the time slot can be understood as a time slot containing 14 OFDM symbols or 12 OFDM symbols, and can also be understood as a sub-slot (subslot) containing 7 OFDM symbols, and can also be understood as a micro time slot (minislot) containing 2, 4 OFDM symbols. It should be understood that the time slot can also include other numbers of OFDM symbols, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0209] 3, sampling frequency offset (SFO)

[0210] The SFO refers to the mismatch of the sampling clock frequency between the transmitter and the receiver, resulting in a deviation of the sampling time from the ideal time.

[0211] Here, the reader and the tag device involved in the present application are taken as examples to exemplarily illustrate the SFO. Assuming that the SFO is 10%, i.e., the reader considers that the time length of 100 sampling points is equivalent to the time length of 90 or 110 sampling points considered by the tag device. Since the two clocks of the tag device and the reader are not synchronized, the sampling points of adjacent symbols will be included in the demodulation process of the current symbol, causing inter-symbol interference, thereby causing a certain impact on the demodulation process.

[0212] It should be noted that the demodulation impact caused by the SFO can be cumulative. For example, the SFO of the first symbol is 10%, and to the second symbol, the SFO can be accumulated to 20%. Similarly, the SFO of the fifth symbol can reach 50%, that is, half of the sampling points of the fifth symbol can come from the adjacent symbol, which will cause obvious inter-symbol interference.

[0213] In order to improve the spectrum utilization of the communication system, the prior art proposes a scheme of transmitting signals on multiple subcarriers at the same time, so that the frequency selection gain can be obtained, and then the spectrum utilization is improved. However, the transmission mode of the signal will have the problem of transmission power attenuation due to power dilution, which affects the signal transmission quality. Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is: how to avoid the problem of transmission power attenuation when transmitting signals on multiple subcarriers, and then avoid the influence of transmission power attenuation on signal transmission quality while ensuring the spectrum utilization.

[0214] In combination with the above, the communication method of the embodiments of the present application is exemplarily introduced as follows.

[0215] Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the method can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the method can include the following steps:

[0216] S301, the tag device transmits a first data stream to the reader on a first frequency domain resource. Correspondingly, the reader receives the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource.

[0217] In some possible implementation manners, the tag device can transmit the first data stream to the reader on the first frequency domain resource. Here, the first data stream can refer to a data stream corresponding to a D2R message transmitted by the tag device to the reader in a D2R transmission process. The first data stream can be one data or multiple data, that is, the data transmitted by the tag device to the reader can all be referred to as the first data stream.

[0218] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the frequency domain resource refers to the available resource in the frequency domain, which can be one subcarrier or also be referred to as one tone, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0219] Correspondingly, the reader can receive the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource and obtain information corresponding to the first data stream.

[0220] S302, the reader transmits first indication information to the tag device. Correspondingly, the tag device receives the first indication information.

[0221] In some possible implementation manners, after receiving the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, the reader can generate the first indication information and transmit the first indication information to the tag device.

[0222] The first indication information can be used to indicate the first frequency hopping time. The first frequency hopping time refers to a time when the frequency domain resource used by the tag device to transmit the first data stream is hopped from the first frequency domain resource to another frequency domain resource (referred to as a second frequency domain resource below for ease of description) other than the first frequency domain resource, or in other words, a time when the first frequency domain resource is switched to the second frequency domain resource.

[0223] In a possible scenario, the tag device can switch back and forth between the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource to transmit the first data stream. That is, there can be multiple frequency hopping times when the first frequency domain resource is hopped to the second frequency domain resource. It should be noted that the first frequency hopping time described above refers to the time when the first frequency domain resource is hopped to the second frequency domain resource for the first time.

[0224] Optionally, the first indication information can be sent by the reader to the tag device through a first message. In the embodiments of the present application, the first message can also be referred to as a D2R message. It should be understood that before frequency hopping, the frequency domain resource used to send the first message can be the same as the frequency domain resource used to send the first data stream, that is, the frequency domain resource used to send the first message is the first frequency domain resource.

[0225] In an optional implementation, the first indication information can include a first time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0226] The three time intervals described above can be indicated in units of chips, time domain symbols, slots, or milliseconds (ms). For example, the first time interval can be 50 chips. For another example, the first time interval can be 29 time domain symbols. For another example, the first time interval can be 30 slots. For another example, the first time interval can be 30 ms.

[0227] Optionally, the first frequency hopping time can be an end time of the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, or a time after the end time of the first time domain resource. That is, the tag device can switch to the second frequency domain resource to continue transmitting the first data stream after the first data stream is completely transmitted on the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource. Alternatively, the tag device can switch to the second frequency domain resource to continue transmitting the first data stream after a period of time after the first data stream is completely transmitted on the first time domain resource. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0228] For example, referring to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a time interval according to an embodiment of the present application. Here, the first time interval, the second time interval, and the third time interval are illustrated by taking the end time of the first time domain resource as the first frequency hopping time as an example and in combination with FIG. 4. Here, it is assumed that the first data stream is transmitted by hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time. As shown in FIG. 4, the rectangle filled with slashes represents the first message transmitted on the frequency domain resource, and the rectangle filled with blank represents the first data stream transmitted on the frequency domain resource.

[0229] Correspondingly, the tag device can receive the first indication information and determine the first frequency hopping time.

[0230] At S303, the tag device hops from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time and transmits the first data stream to the reader on the second frequency domain resource, i.e., the tag device transmits the first data stream to the reader on the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time. Correspondingly, the reader hops from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time and receives the first data stream on the second frequency domain resource, i.e., the reader receives the first data stream from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time.

[0231] In some possible implementation, after receiving the first indication information, the tag device can hop from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time and further transmit the first data stream to the reader on the second frequency domain resource, i.e., the tag device transmits the first data stream to the reader on the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time. Correspondingly, the reader can also hop from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time and further receive the first data stream on the second frequency domain resource, i.e., the reader receives the first data stream from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time.

[0232] Here, the time domain resources corresponding to the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource can be different. It can be understood that the time-frequency resources corresponding to the first frequency domain resource and the time-frequency resources corresponding to the second frequency domain resource can be different.

[0233] Optionally, the time domain resources corresponding to the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource can be continuous. That is, the first frequency hopping time can be the end time of the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, i.e., the start time of the third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource.

[0234] Optionally, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource can be two adjacent frequency domain resources, or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource can be separated by at least one frequency domain resource, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0235] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the lengths of the time domain resources corresponding to the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource can be the same, that is, the number of chips corresponding to the first data stream transmitted on the first frequency domain resource and the number of chips of the first data stream transmitted on the second frequency domain resource can be the same.

[0236] In an optional embodiment, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource can be respectively used for transmitting all or part of the first data stream. Here, since the time-frequency resources corresponding to the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are different, it can also be understood that one time-frequency resource can be used for transmitting all or part of the first data stream.

[0237] It should be noted that, if the clock of the tag device and the reader is synchronized, that is, there is no SFO, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource can be used for transmitting all of the first data stream. Or, one time-frequency resource can be used for transmitting all of the first data stream. It can also be understood that one time-frequency resource can exactly transmit a D2R message once.

[0238] However, in actual implementation, since the clock of the tag device and the reader can not be synchronized, that is, there can be a certain SFO, there are two possible data stream transmission scenarios on one time-frequency resource. Scenario one, one time-frequency resource can be used for transmitting part of the first data stream. That is, one time-frequency resource is not enough to transmit a D2R message once. Scenario two, one time-frequency resource can be used for transmitting all of the first data stream, and there can be a part of the remaining time-frequency resource in the one time-frequency resource. That is, one time-frequency resource is enough to transmit a D2R message once.

[0239] The transmission of the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource will be further described below in combination with the above scenario one and scenario two.

[0240] In scenario one, in a first possible embodiment, the first frequency domain resource can be used for transmitting a first sub-data stream, and the second frequency domain resource can be used for transmitting a second sub-data stream. In the case that the first data stream corresponds to m chips, the first sub-data stream can include n chips of the m chips, the second sub-data stream can include m-n chips of the m chips other than the n chips, or the second sub-data stream can include m-n chips of the m chips and the last chip of the n chips. Wherein, m and n are positive integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0241] It should be noted that, for the n-th chip in the n chips transmitted on the first frequency domain resource, the n-th chip can be completely transmitted on the first frequency domain resource, or the n-th chip can not be completely transmitted on the first frequency domain resource. It should be understood that, in the case that the n-th chip is not completely transmitted on the first frequency domain resource, after frequency hopping to the second frequency domain resource, the n-th chip and the remaining chips after the n-th chip can be retransmitted on the second frequency domain resource, so as to ensure the reliability of the communication. In the case that the n-th chip is completely transmitted on the first frequency domain resource, after frequency hopping to the second frequency domain resource, the transmission can continue from the (n+1)-th chip on the second frequency domain resource.

[0242] It should be understood that, in the case that the tag device and the reader transmit the n-th chip of the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, after frequency hopping to the second frequency domain resource, the transmission can continue from the n-th chip or the (n+1)-th chip of the first data stream on the second frequency domain resource, or the first chip transmitted on the second frequency domain resource is the n-th chip or the (n+1)-th chip of the first data stream.

[0243] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the n-th chip corresponding to the first data stream can also be understood as the n-th bit corresponding to the first data stream.

[0244] For example, referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transmission manner provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, the blank-filled rectangle represents the first data stream transmitted on the frequency domain resource, the grid-filled rectangle represents the last chip transmitted on the first frequency domain resource, and the diagonal line-filled rectangle represents the first chip transmitted on the second frequency domain resource. It is assumed that the time domain resources corresponding to the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are continuous. On the first frequency domain resource, the n chips corresponding to the first data stream can be transmitted, and the last chip is the n-th chip corresponding to the first data stream. On the second frequency domain resource, the transmission can continue from the n-th chip or the (n+1)-th chip of the first data stream, that is, the first chip transmitted on the second frequency domain resource is the n-th chip or the (n+1)-th chip of the first data stream.

[0245] Optionally, after the tag device and the reader transmit the second sub-data stream on the second frequency domain resource, the first data stream can be repeatedly transmitted on the remaining frequency domain resources of the second frequency domain resource, or the first data stream can not be repeatedly transmitted, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

[0246] In the implementation above, the tag device can first transmit part of the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource. After frequency hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, the tag device can continue to transmit from the chip corresponding to the first data stream that has not been completely transmitted last time on the second frequency domain resource, so as to ensure the integrity of data stream transmission, and thus improve the reliability and stability of communication.

[0247] In a second possible implementation, the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource can be used to transmit a first sub-data stream in the first data stream, and the second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource can be used to transmit a second sub-data stream in the first data stream other than the first sub-data stream. The third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the first sub-data stream in the first data stream, and the fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the second sub-data stream in the first data stream other than the first sub-data stream.

[0248] Optionally, in the case that the first data stream corresponds to m chips, the first sub-data stream can include n chips of the m chips, and the second sub-data stream can include m-n chips of the m chips other than the n chips, or the second sub-data stream can include m-n chips of the m chips and the last chip of the n chips.

[0249] That is, when the tag device and the reader transmit the n th chip of the first data stream on the first time-frequency resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, and then frequency hop to the first frequency domain resource again, the transmission can continue from the n th chip or the n+1 th chip that has not been completely transmitted last time. Similarly, when the tag device and the reader transmit the n th chip of the first data stream on the third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource, and then frequency hop to the second frequency domain resource again, the transmission can continue from the n th chip or the n+1 th chip that has not been completely transmitted last time.

[0250] It can be understood that after the tag device and the reader frequency hop from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource for the first time, the transmission on the second frequency domain resource does not continue from the chip that has not been completely transmitted on the first frequency domain resource, but the first data stream is retransmitted. Further, after the tag device and the reader frequency hop from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource again, the transmission continues from the chip that has not been completely transmitted on the first frequency domain resource last time.

[0251] For example, refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic diagram of another transmission manner provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the blank-filled rectangle represents the first data stream transmitted on the frequency domain resource, the grid-filled rectangle represents the last chip transmitted on the frequency domain resource, and the slash-filled rectangle represents the first chip transmitted on the frequency domain resource. It is assumed that the time domain resources corresponding to the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are continuous. Here, the time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource includes the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource, and the time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource includes the third time domain resource and the fourth time domain resource.

[0252] In combination with the content shown in FIG. 6, n chips corresponding to the first data stream can be transmitted on the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, wherein the last chip is the nth chip corresponding to the first data stream. The transmission can start from the nth chip or the (n+1)th chip of the first data stream on the second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, that is, the first chip transmitted on the second time domain resource is the nth chip or the (n+1)th chip of the first data stream. n chips corresponding to the first data stream can be transmitted on the third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource, wherein the last chip is the nth chip corresponding to the first data stream. The transmission can start from the nth chip or the (n+1)th chip of the first data stream on the fourth time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, that is, the first chip transmitted on the fourth time domain resource is the nth chip or the (n+1)th chip of the first data stream.

[0253] Optionally, after the tag device and the reader transmit the second sub-data stream on the second time domain resource and the fourth time domain resource, the tag device and the reader can continue to repeatedly transmit the first data stream on the remaining time domain resources corresponding to the second time domain resource and the fourth time domain resource, or can not repeatedly transmit, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0254] In the first possible implementation manner in scenario two, the first frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the first data stream and the third sub-data stream in the first data stream, and the second frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream except the third sub-data stream.

[0255] That is, after the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, there is part of the remaining frequency domain resource in the first frequency domain resource. The tag device and the reader can continue to repeatedly transmit part of the first data stream on the remaining frequency domain resource. Further, after the tag device and the reader jump from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, the tag device and the reader can continue to transmit the part of the first data stream that is not transmitted on the first frequency domain resource.

[0256] Here, the process that the tag device and the reader transmit part of the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource is similar to the first possible implementation described in the foregoing scenario one, and details can be referred to the foregoing related content, which will not be described herein again.

[0257] For example, referring to FIG. 7, which is a schematic diagram of another transmission manner provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the blank-filled rectangle represents the first data stream transmitted on the frequency domain resource, and it is assumed that the time domain resources corresponding to the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are continuous. The first frequency domain resource can transmit a complete first data stream once, and part of the first data stream (i.e., the third sub-data stream shown in FIG. 7) can continue to be transmitted on the second frequency domain resource (i.e., the fourth sub-data stream shown in FIG. 7).

[0258] Optionally, after the tag device and the reader transmit the fourth sub-data stream on the second frequency domain resource, the tag device and the reader can continue to repeatedly transmit the first data stream on the remaining frequency domain resource of the second frequency domain resource, or can not repeatedly transmit, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application.

[0259] In the implementation described above, after the tag device transmits the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, the tag device can repeatedly transmit the first data stream on the remaining frequency domain resource, which can improve the utilization rate of the frequency domain resource. After frequency hopping, the tag device can continue to transmit the first data stream from the part not transmitted last time on the second frequency domain resource, which can ensure the integrity of the first data stream transmission before and after frequency hopping, and improve the reliability and stability of the communication.

[0260] In the second possible implementation, the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the first data stream and the third sub-data stream in the first data stream, and the second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream except the third sub-data stream. The third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the first data stream and the third sub-data stream in the first data stream, and the fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream except the third sub-data stream.

[0261] That is, after the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream on the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, the tag device and the reader can continue to repeatedly transmit part of the first data stream. Further, when hopping to the first frequency domain resource again, the tag device and the reader can continue to transmit the part of the first data stream not transmitted last time. Similarly, after the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream on the third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource, the tag device and the reader can continue to repeatedly transmit part of the first data stream. Further, when hopping to the second frequency domain resource again, the tag device and the reader can continue to transmit the part of the first data stream not transmitted last time.

[0262] Here, the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream on the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, the second time domain resource, and the third time domain resource and the fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource. The process is similar to the second possible implementation described in the foregoing scenario one, and the specific process can be referred to the foregoing related content, which will not be described herein again.

[0263] Optionally, after the tag device and the reader complete the transmission of the fourth sub-data stream on the second time domain resource and the fourth time domain resource, the tag device and the reader can continue to repeatedly transmit the first data stream on the remaining time domain resources corresponding to the second time domain resource and the fourth time domain resource, or can not repeatedly transmit the first data stream. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0264] It should be noted that the first possible implementation and the second possible implementation in the foregoing scenario two describe the process of repeatedly transmitting the first data stream on the remaining time-frequency resources after the transmission of the first data stream on a time-frequency resource is completed. In a possible implementation, the tag device can determine whether to repeatedly transmit the first data stream on the remaining time-frequency resources according to the current energy storage condition of the tag device.

[0265] Specifically, in a case where the current remaining energy storage of the tag device is greater than or equal to a preset energy storage threshold, the first data stream can be repeatedly transmitted on the remaining time-frequency resources. In a case where the current remaining energy storage of the tag device is less than the preset energy storage threshold, the first data stream can not be repeatedly transmitted on the remaining time-frequency resources.

[0266] In a third possible implementation, a first sub-time domain resource in the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the first data stream, and a second sub-time domain resource in the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, except for the first sub-time domain resource, can be used to charge the tag device. Similarly, a third sub-time domain resource in the third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource can be used to transmit the first data stream, and a fourth sub-time domain resource in the third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource, except for the third sub-time domain resource, can be used to charge the tag device.

[0267] That is, after the transmission of the first data stream on a time-frequency resource is completed, the first data stream can not be repeatedly transmitted on the remaining time-frequency resources in the time-frequency resource, but the tag device can be charged on the remaining time-frequency resources.

[0268] Optionally, the tag device can determine whether to charge on the remaining time-frequency resources according to the current energy storage condition of the tag device. Specifically, in a case where the current remaining energy storage of the tag device is less than or equal to a preset energy storage threshold, the tag device can be charged on the remaining time-frequency resources to ensure the reliability and stability of communication.

[0269] In the implementation, after the tag device transmits the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, the tag device can be energized on the remaining frequency domain resource without repeatedly transmitting the first data stream, so as to ensure sufficient energy storage of the tag device, and further ensure the reliability and stability of the communication.

[0270] In an optional implementation, after the reader hops from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, the reader can receive the first signal from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource. Here, the first signal can carry the first data stream. The reader can also receive the preamble signal from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource. Further, the reader can determine the amplitude information and / or phase information of the first signal according to the amplitude signal and / or phase information of the preamble signal, and can demodulate based on the amplitude information and / or phase information of the first signal to obtain the first data stream.

[0271] Optionally, the preamble signal can be obtained based on OOK modulation, binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0272] In an optional implementation, when the preamble signal is obtained based on OOK modulation, the preamble signal can include at least one high-level signal and at least one low-level signal. Specifically, the preamble signal is an interleaved signal of high-level signals and low-level signals, for example, the 2i-1th chip can be a high-level signal, and the 2ith chip can be a low-level signal, where i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, refer to FIG. 8, which is a schematic diagram of a preamble signal provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the preamble signal is located on the second frequency domain resource, and the preamble signal in the time domain is a high-level signal, a low-level signal, a high-level signal, and a low-level signal in sequence.

[0273] Further, the reader can measure the amplitude information of the preamble signal on the second frequency domain resource according to the high-level signal and the low-level signal, and can determine the amplitude information of the preamble signal as the amplitude information of the first signal.

[0274] In another optional implementation, when the preamble signal is obtained based on BPSK modulation, refer to FIG. 9, which is another schematic diagram of a preamble signal provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9, the preamble signal can be located on the second frequency domain resource, and the preamble signal can be a sine wave signal. Further, the reader can measure the phase information of the preamble signal as phase 0 or phase π, and can determine the phase information of the preamble signal as the phase information of the first signal.

[0275] It should be noted that in the case that the tag device transmits the preamble signal, the subcarrier spacing between the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource is usually large, for example, the subcarrier spacing can be 5MHz or more.

[0276] In the implementation described above, after frequency hopping, the tag device can further transmit a preamble signal to the reader, so that the reader measures the amplitude signal and / or phase information of the first signal transmitted on the frequency domain resource after frequency hopping. In this way, when the reader demodulates the first signal subsequently, the demodulation can be performed according to the determined amplitude information and / or phase information, thereby avoiding the problem of demodulation error due to identification error of the amplitude and / or phase during demodulation, and improving the reliability and stability of the first data stream transmission.

[0277] In the embodiments of the present application, by frequency hopping, the tag device can transmit the first data stream on two different frequency domain resources respectively, so that frequency selection gain can be obtained, the spectrum utilization is improved, and the transmission reliability of the first data stream is improved. At the same time, since the time domain resources corresponding to the two frequency domain resources are different, the problem of transmission power attenuation caused by transmitting the first data stream on the two frequency domain resources at the same time can be avoided, the transmission power on each frequency domain resource is improved, and the transmission quality of the first data stream is ensured. In addition, the problem of intermodulation distortion caused by transmitting the first data stream on the two frequency domain resources at the same time can also be avoided.

[0278] In some possible implementation manners, referring to FIG. 10, FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that step S304 can be performed after step S303. As shown in FIG. 10, the method can further include step S304:

[0279] S304, the tag device hops from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at the second frequency hopping moment, and transmits the first data stream to the reader on the first frequency domain resource. Correspondingly, the reader hops from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at the second frequency hopping moment, and receives the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource.

[0280] In some possible implementation manners, after the tag device transmits the first data stream on the second frequency domain resource, the tag device can hop from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at the second frequency hopping moment, and further transmit the first data stream to the reader on the first frequency domain resource. Correspondingly, after the reader receives the first data stream on the second frequency domain resource, the reader can hop from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at the second frequency hopping moment, and further receive the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource.

[0281] In an optional implementation, the second frequency hopping time can be determined according to the first frequency hopping time and a length of the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource. For example, the length of the first time domain resource can be determined based on a first parameter, and the first parameter can include one or more of a data amount of the first data stream, a coding mode of the first data stream, and a retransmission number of the first data stream.

[0282] It can be understood that the length of the time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource can be the same as the length of the time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource.

[0283] Optionally, the coding mode of the first data stream can be a linear code, such as a Manchester code, a bi-phase space coding (FM0 coding), or a forward error correction (FEC) code. The present embodiment is not limited in this regard.

[0284] It should be noted that in a possible scenario, because the tag device can have SFO, to avoid a situation in which the time domain resource corresponding to one frequency domain resource is insufficient during transmission of the first data stream, the tag device can multiply the length of the first time domain resource calculated based on the above method by a preset multiple to obtain a target length, and use the target length as the duration of the first frequency domain resource on the first time domain resource. The preset multiple can be a real number greater than 1, for example, the preset multiple can be 1.1. Further, the tag device can determine the second frequency hopping time according to the first frequency hopping time and the target length.

[0285] In another optional implementation, the second frequency hopping time can be determined according to the first frequency hopping time and a preset time length. The preset time length can be configured in advance by the reader or agreed by the protocol, and the present embodiment is not limited in this regard.

[0286] Here, before and after frequency hopping, the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream on the second frequency domain resource and the first frequency domain resource, which is similar to the process described in step S303 in which the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource. For details, refer to the related description of step S303, which will not be repeated here.

[0287] It should be noted that the foregoing describes the first data stream transmission process corresponding to the two frequency hopping between the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource. In actual implementation, there can be three or more frequency hopping between the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource. The transmission process of the first data stream before and after each frequency hopping is similar to the process described above, and the specific process can be referred to the related content above, which will not be described here.

[0288] It should be further noted that the foregoing describes the process of frequency hopping between two frequency domain resources for the first data stream transmission by the tag device and the reader. In actual implementation, the tag device and the reader can also frequency hop between three or more frequency domain resources for the first data stream transmission, and the specific process is similar to the process of frequency hopping between two frequency domain resources for the first data stream transmission described above, and the specific process can be referred to the related content above, which will not be described here.

[0289] In some optional embodiments, referring to FIG. 11, which is a flow diagram of another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. Optionally, step S305 can be executed after step S302, or can be executed after step S303, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For ease of description, the following describes the case that step S305 is executed after step S302.

[0290] S305, the reader sends second indication information to the tag device. Correspondingly, the tag device receives the second indication information.

[0291] In some feasible embodiments, the reader can also generate the second indication information and send the second indication information to the tag device. Here, the second indication information can be used to indicate the frequency hopping times corresponding to the first data stream transmission process, which can include the frequency hopping times from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, and / or the frequency hopping times from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0292] Specifically, in the case that the second indication information is used to indicate the frequency hopping times from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource and the frequency hopping times from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource, it can be understood that the second indication information is used to indicate the total frequency hopping times corresponding to the first data stream transmission process. For example, assuming that the second indication information indicates that the total frequency hopping times corresponding to the first data stream transmission process is 3 times, it can be understood that the frequency hopping times from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource is 2 times, and the frequency hopping times from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource is 1 time.

[0293] In a case where the second indication information is used to indicate the number of frequency hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, the number of frequency hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource is implicitly indicated. For example, assuming that the second indication information indicates that the number of frequency hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource is 2, the number of frequency hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource is implicitly indicated as 1.

[0294] In a case where the second indication information is used to indicate the number of frequency hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource, the number of frequency hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource is implicitly indicated. For example, assuming that the second indication information indicates that the number of frequency hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource is 2, the number of frequency hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource is implicitly indicated as 2.

[0295] It should be noted that the total number of frequency hopping corresponding to the transmission process of the first data stream can be determined based on the data amount of the first data stream, so as to adapt to different data transmission requirements and ensure the reliability of communication. For example, when the data amount of the first data stream is small, the total number of frequency hopping can be 1. For another example, when the data amount of the first data stream is large, the total number of frequency hopping can be 4.

[0296] Optionally, the second indication information can be sent by the reader to the tag device through the first message.

[0297] Correspondingly, the tag device can receive the second indication information, and can determine the number of frequency hopping corresponding to the transmission process of the first data stream according to the second indication information.

[0298] In some optional embodiments, referring to FIG. 12, FIG. 12 is a flow diagram of another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. Optionally, the step S306 can be executed after the step S302, or can be executed after the step S303, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. For the convenience of description, the step S306 is described as being executed after the step S302.

[0299] S306, the reader sends third indication information to the tag device. Correspondingly, the tag device receives the third indication information.

[0300] In some feasible embodiments, the reader can also generate the third indication information, and send the third indication information to the tag device.

[0301] The third indication information can be used to indicate whether the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner. The third indication information can also be used to indicate that, in a case where the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0302] In an alternative implementation, when the third indication information is 1 bit, the third indication information can be used to indicate that the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, or that the tag device and the reader do not transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner. Alternatively, the third indication information can be used to indicate that, in the case that the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, or is from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0303] For example, it is assumed that the third indication information can be 0 or 1. Specifically, when the third indication information is 0, it can indicate that the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner. When the third indication information is 1, it can indicate that the tag device and the reader do not transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner. Alternatively, when the third indication information is 0, it can indicate that, in the case that the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource. When the third indication information is 1, it can indicate that, in the case that the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0304] In another alternative implementation, when the third indication information is 2 bits, the third indication information can be used to indicate any one of the following: the tag device and the reader do not transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, and the first data stream is transmitted using the first frequency domain resource; or, the tag device and the reader do not transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, and the first data stream is transmitted using the second frequency domain resource; or, the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, and the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource; or, the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, and the first frequency hopping is from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0305] For example, it is assumed that the third indication information can be 00, 01, 10 or 11. Specifically, when the third indication information is 00, it can indicate that the tag device and the reader do not transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, and the first data stream is transmitted using the first frequency domain resource. When the third indication information is 01, it can indicate that the tag device and the reader do not transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, and the first data stream is transmitted using the second frequency domain resource. When the third indication information is 10, it can indicate that the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, and the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource. When the third indication information is 11, it can indicate that the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner, and the first frequency hopping is from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0306] Optionally, the third indication information can be sent by the reader to the tag device through the first message.

[0307] Correspondingly, the tag device can receive the third indication information, and determine whether to transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner according to the third indication information, and in the case of transmitting the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0308] In some optional embodiments, referring to FIG. 13, FIG. 13 is a flow diagram of another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. Optionally, the step S307 can be executed after the step S302, or can be executed after the step S303, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For the convenience of description, the step S307 is described as being executed after the step S302.

[0309] S307, the reader sends fourth indication information to the tag device. Correspondingly, the tag device receives the fourth indication information.

[0310] In some possible embodiments, the reader can also generate the fourth indication information, and send the fourth indication information to the tag device. Here, the fourth indication information can be used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner.

[0311] In an optional implementation, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information can be used to indicate whether the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner. The bit value corresponding to the fourth indication information can be used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0312] Specifically, if it is determined that the number of bits of the fourth indication information is less than the preset number of bits, it is determined that the tag device and the reader do not transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner. If it is determined that the number of bits of the fourth indication information is greater than or equal to the preset number of bits, it is determined that the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner.

[0313] Optionally, the preset number of bits B1 can satisfy the following formula (1):

[0314] In the embodiments of the present application, represents the floor function, which is used to map a real number a to the smallest integer not less than the real number a. N tone represents the number of frequency domain resources that can be used by the tag device and the reader.

[0315] For example, assuming that N tone= 4, the preset bit number B1 can be obtained according to formula (1)

[0316] Optionally, the preset bit number B1 can also satisfy the following formula (2):

[0317] wherein, is a permutation formula, that is,

[0318] For example, assuming N tone = 4, the preset bit number B1 can be obtained according to formula (2)

[0319] For example, assuming that the frequency domain resources available to the tag device and the reader are four, which are frequency domain resource A, frequency domain resource B, frequency domain resource C and frequency domain resource D, and the identities of the four frequency domain resources are A, B, C and D respectively. It can be known from the above example that the preset bit number is 4 when N tone = 4. Assuming that the fourth indication information includes 1010, that is, the bit number corresponding to the fourth indication information is 4. Here, the four bits of the fourth indication information can be used to indicate whether to use the frequency domain resource A, the frequency domain resource B, the frequency domain resource C and the frequency domain resource D from left to right, and the bit value 0 indicates not to use the frequency domain resource and the bit value 1 indicates to use the frequency domain resource. Since the bit number 4 corresponding to the fourth indication information is equal to the preset bit number 4, it can be determined that the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner. Further, the tag device can determine that the identity of the first frequency domain resource is A and the identity of the second frequency domain resource is C according to the bit value 1010 corresponding to the fourth indication information, that is, the first frequency domain resource is the frequency domain resource A and the second frequency domain resource is the frequency domain resource C.

[0320] In another optional implementation, the fourth indication information can include first sub-indication information and second sub-indication information. The first sub-indication information can be used to indicate the identity of the first frequency domain resource and the first frequency domain resource as the first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first data stream, and the second sub-indication information can be used to indicate whether the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner. Specifically, the second sub-indication information can be 1 bit. For example, when the second sub-indication information is 0, it can indicate that the tag device and the reader do not transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner. When the second sub-indication information is 1, it can indicate that the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner.

[0321] For example, it is assumed that the frequency domain resources available to the tag device and the reader have four, which are frequency domain resource A, frequency domain resource B, frequency domain resource C and frequency domain resource D, and the identities of the four frequency domain resources are A, B, C and D respectively. It is assumed that the fourth indication information includes first sub-indication information 1000 and second sub-indication information 1. Here, the four bits of the fourth indication information can be used to indicate whether to use the frequency domain resource A, the frequency domain resource B, the frequency domain resource C and the frequency domain resource D from left to right, and the bit value 0 indicates not to use the frequency domain resource, and the bit value 1 indicates to use the frequency domain resource. Specifically, the first sub-indication information 1000 can be used to indicate that the identity of the first frequency domain resource is A, that is, the first frequency domain resource is the frequency domain resource A. The second sub-indication information can be used to indicate that the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0322] Optionally, the number B2 of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information can satisfy the following formula (3):

[0323] It can be understood that since only the first frequency domain resource is determined through the fourth indication information, in this case, it is implicitly required that the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource have a corresponding relationship. In possible scenarios, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource can be frequency domain resources on both sides of a frequency band, or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource can be separated by a certain number of frequency domain resources.

[0324] Optionally, in the case that the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are separated by a certain number of frequency domain resources, the second frequency domain resource can be determined based on the first frequency domain resource and a preset number of frequency domain resource intervals. The preset number of frequency domain resource intervals can be configured in advance by the reader or predefined by a protocol, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0325] Optionally, the fourth indication information described above can be sent by the reader to the tag device through the first message.

[0326] Correspondingly, the tag device can receive the fourth indication information described above, and can determine whether to transmit the first data stream in a frequency hopping manner according to the fourth indication information, and the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource used for frequency hopping transmission.

[0327] It should be noted that in possible scenarios, the second indication information, the third indication information and the fourth indication information described above can be sent to the tag device in combination through the first message described above, or only any one of the three can be sent, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0328] In some possible implementation, referring to FIG. 14, FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the method can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 2. Optionally, the step S308 and the step S309 can be performed before the step S303.

[0329] As shown in FIG. 14, the communication method can further include the following steps:

[0330] S308, the reader sends first indication information to the carrier node. Accordingly, the carrier node receives the first indication information.

[0331] In some possible implementation, after receiving the first data stream on the first frequency domain resource, the reader can generate the first indication information and send the first indication information to the carrier node. The first indication information can be used to indicate the first frequency hopping time.

[0332] Here, the process that the reader sends the first indication information to the carrier node is similar to the process that the reader sends the first indication information to the tag device described in the step S302, and the specific process can be referred to the related content of the step S302, which will not be described here.

[0333] Accordingly, the carrier node can receive the first indication information and determine the first frequency hopping time according to the first indication information.

[0334] S309, the carrier node sends the carrier signal corresponding to the second frequency domain resource to the tag device at the first frequency hopping time.

[0335] In some possible implementation, after receiving the first indication information, the carrier node can send the carrier signal corresponding to the second frequency domain resource to the tag device at the first frequency hopping time according to the first frequency hopping time indicated by the first indication information, so that the tag device modulates on the carrier signal to obtain a first signal. Here, the first signal can carry the first data stream.

[0336] It should be noted that, whether the carrier node and the reader are located in the same device or not, the carrier node can send the carrier signal corresponding to the second frequency domain resource to the tag device at the first frequency hopping time according to the first indication information.

[0337] Optionally, in the case that the carrier node and the reader are not located in the same device, the carrier node can further receive second indication information from the reader. Further, the carrier node can determine the frequency hopping time corresponding to each subsequent frequency hopping according to the frequency hopping times indicated by the second indication information and the length of the first time-frequency resource, and send the carrier signal of the frequency domain resource to the tag device at the corresponding frequency hopping time.

[0338] Optionally, in the case that the carrier node and the reader are located in the same device, the carrier node can also determine the frequency hopping time according to the receiving condition of the reader, and transmit the carrier signal corresponding to the frequency domain resource to the tag device at the frequency hopping time. Specifically, the carrier node can determine the time when the reader receives a complete first data stream as the frequency hopping time, and transmit the carrier signal corresponding to the frequency domain resource at the determined frequency hopping time. For example, assuming that the first data stream corresponds to 60 chips, the carrier node can transmit the carrier signal corresponding to the frequency domain resource after frequency hopping when the reader receives 60 chips.

[0339] In some possible embodiments, the reader can also transmit the third indication information or the fourth indication information to the carrier node. Accordingly, after receiving the third indication information or the fourth indication information, the carrier node can determine whether to transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner according to the third indication information, and whether the first frequency domain resource hops to the second frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource hops to the first frequency domain resource for the first time. Alternatively, the carrier node can determine whether to transmit the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner according to the fourth indication information, and the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0340] Here, the process in which the carrier node receives the third indication information or the fourth indication information is similar to the process in which the tag device receives the third indication information or the fourth indication information described in steps S306 and S307, and details are described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0341] It should be noted that the above description is about the case that the communication system includes two frequency domain resources available for frequency hopping. In actual implementation, the communication system can include three or more frequency domain resources available for frequency hopping, and the processes in which the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream on the three or more frequency domain resources available for frequency hopping are similar to the process in which the tag device and the reader transmit the first data stream on the two frequency domain resources available for frequency hopping, and details are described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0342] The above describes the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application in detail in combination with FIGS. 3 to 14. The communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in combination with FIGS. 15 and 16. It should be understood that the description of the embodiments of the communication apparatus corresponds to the description of the embodiments of the communication method, and thus the parts not described in detail can be referred to the method embodiments described above.

[0343] Please refer to FIG. 15, which is a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 15, the communication apparatus 150 can include a transceiver unit 151 and a processing unit 152.

[0344] In some possible implementation manners, the communication apparatus 150 can correspond to the tag device or a component (such as a circuit, a chip or a chip system) configured in the tag device.

[0345] In some possible implementation manners, the transceiver 151 is configured to transmit the first data stream to the reader on the first frequency domain resource. The transceiver 151 is also configured to receive the first indication information from the reader. Here, the first indication information is used to indicate the first frequency hopping time. The processing unit 152 is configured to hop from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time. Here, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource correspond to different time domain resources. The transceiver 151 is also configured to transmit the first data stream to the reader on the second frequency domain resource.

[0346] In some possible implementation manners, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are respectively used to transmit all or part of the first data stream.

[0347] In some possible implementation manners, the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a first sub-data stream, and the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit a second sub-data stream. In a case where the first data stream corresponds to m chips, the first sub-data stream includes n chips of the m chips. The second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips excluding the n chips, or the second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips excluding the n chips and a last chip of the n chips. Here, m and n are positive integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0348] In some possible implementation manners, a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a first sub-data stream in the first data stream, and a second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a second sub-data stream in the first data stream excluding the first sub-data stream. A third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit the first sub-data stream, and a fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit the second sub-data stream.

[0349] In some possible implementation manners, the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second frequency domain resource is used to transmit a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream excluding the third sub-data stream.

[0350] In some possible implementation manners, in a case where a current residual energy of the tag device is greater than or equal to a preset energy threshold, the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit the third sub-data stream.

[0351] In a possible implementation, the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmission of the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmission of a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream except the third sub-data stream. The third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmission of the first data stream and the third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmission of the fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream except the third sub-data stream.

[0352] In a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource and a first time domain resource in the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource are used for transmission of the first data stream. A second time domain resource in the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource except the first time domain resource is used for charging of the tag device.

[0353] In a possible implementation, the second time domain resource is used for charging of the tag device in a case where a current residual energy of the tag device is less than a preset energy threshold.

[0354] In a possible implementation, the first indication information includes a first time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0355] In a possible implementation, the processing unit 152 is further configured to hop from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at a second frequency hopping time. Here, the second frequency hopping time is determined by the first frequency hopping time and a length of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource. The length of the first time domain resource is determined based on a first parameter. The first parameter includes one or more of a data amount of the first data stream, an encoding mode of the first data stream, and a retransmission number of the first data stream. The transceiver unit 151 is further configured to transmit the first data stream to the reader on the first frequency domain resource.

[0356] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit 151 is further configured to receive second indication information from the reader. Here, the second indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping number corresponding to a transmission process of the first data stream. The frequency hopping number includes a number of times of hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, and / or a number of times of hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0357] In a possible implementation, the transceiver 151 is further configured to receive third indication information from the reader. The third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. In the case that the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0358] In a possible implementation, the transceiver 151 is further configured to receive fourth indication information from the reader. The fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0359] In a possible implementation, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The bit value corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0360] In a possible implementation, in the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is less than a preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is not transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. In the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is greater than or equal to the preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0361] In a possible implementation, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0362] In the embodiments of the present application, is a ceiling function, which is used to map a real number a to the smallest integer not less than the real number a. N tone represents the number of frequency domain resources that can be used by the tag device and the reader.

[0363] In a possible implementation, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0364] wherein, is a permutation formula, that is,

[0365] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication information includes first sub-indication information and second sub-indication information. The first sub-indication information is used to indicate the identity of the first frequency domain resource and the first frequency domain resource as the first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first data stream. The second sub-indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the second frequency domain resource is determined based on the first frequency domain resource and a preset frequency domain resource interval number.

[0366] In a possible implementation, the transceiver 151 is further configured to send a preamble signal to the reader. Here, the preamble signal is used to determine the amplitude information and / or the phase information of the first signal, which carries the first data stream.

[0367] In some possible implementations, the communication apparatus 150 can correspond to the reader as described above, or a component (e.g., a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) configured in the reader.

[0368] In specific implementations, the transceiver 151 is configured to receive the first data stream from the tag device on a first frequency domain resource. The transceiver 151 is further configured to send first indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the first indication information is used to indicate a first frequency hopping time. The processing unit 152 is configured to hop from the first frequency domain resource to a second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time. Here, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource correspond to different time domain resources. The transceiver 151 is further configured to receive the first data stream from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource.

[0369] In a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are respectively used to transmit all or part of the first data stream.

[0370] In a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a first sub-data stream, and the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit a second sub-data stream. In a case where the first data stream corresponds to m chips, the first sub-data stream includes n chips of the m chips. The second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips excluding the n chips, or the second sub-data stream includes m-n chips of the m chips excluding the n chips and a last chip of the n chips. Here, m and n are positive integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0371] In a possible implementation, a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a first sub-data stream in the first data stream, and a second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a second sub-data stream in the first data stream excluding the first sub-data stream. A third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit the first sub-data stream, and a fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit the second sub-data stream.

[0372] In a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second frequency domain resource is used to transmit a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream excluding the third sub-data stream.

[0373] In a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the third sub-data stream when the current residual energy of the tag device is greater than or equal to a preset energy threshold.

[0374] In a possible implementation, the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first data stream and the third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream except the third sub-data stream. The third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first data stream and the third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream except the third sub-data stream.

[0375] In a possible implementation, the first frequency domain resource and the first sub-time domain resource in the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource are used for transmitting the first data stream. The second sub-time domain resource in the first time domain resource except the first sub-time domain resource is used for charging the tag device.

[0376] In a possible implementation, the second sub-time domain resource is used for charging the tag device when the current residual energy of the tag device is less than the preset energy threshold.

[0377] In a possible implementation, the first indication information includes a first time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of the fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0378] In a possible implementation, the processing unit 152 is further configured to hop from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at a second frequency hopping time. Here, the second frequency hopping time is determined by the first frequency hopping time and a length of the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource. The length of the first time domain resource is determined based on a first parameter. The first parameter includes one or more of a data amount of the first data stream, an encoding mode of the first data stream, and a retransmission number of the first data stream. The transceiver unit 151 is further configured to receive the first data stream from the tag device on the first frequency domain resource.

[0379] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit 151 is further configured to send second indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the second indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping number corresponding to the transmission process of the first data stream. The frequency hopping number includes a number of times of hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource, and / or a number of times of hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0380] In a possible implementation, the transceiver 151 is further configured to send third indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The third indication information is also used to indicate that, in the case of transmitting the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0381] In a possible implementation, the transceiver 151 is further configured to send fourth indication information to the tag device and / or the carrier node. Here, the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0382] In a possible implementation, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The bit value corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0383] In a possible implementation, in the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is less than a preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is not transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. In the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is greater than or equal to the preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0384] In a possible implementation, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0385] In the embodiments of the present application, is a ceiling function, which is used to map a real number a to the smallest integer not less than the real number a. N tone represents the number of frequency domain resources that can be used by the tag device and the reader.

[0386] In a possible implementation, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0387] wherein, is a permutation formula, that is,

[0388] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication information includes first sub-indication information and second sub-indication information. The first sub-indication information is used to indicate an identity of the first frequency domain resource and indicate that a first frequency domain resource of the first data stream is the first frequency domain resource. The second sub-indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the second frequency domain resource is determined based on the first frequency domain resource and a preset frequency domain resource interval number.

[0389] In a possible implementation, the transceiver 151 is further configured to receive, from the tag device, a first signal on the second frequency domain resource. Here, the first signal carries the first data stream. The transceiver 151 is further configured to receive a preamble signal from the tag device. The processing unit 152 is further configured to determine amplitude information and / or phase information of the first signal based on amplitude information and / or phase information of the preamble signal. The processing unit 152 is further configured to demodulate the first signal based on the amplitude information and / or the phase information of the first signal to obtain the first data stream.

[0390] In some possible implementations, the communication apparatus 150 can correspond to the carrier node or a component (such as a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) configured in the carrier node.

[0391] In a specific implementation, the transceiver 151 transmits a carrier signal corresponding to the first frequency domain resource. The transceiver 151 is further configured to receive first indication information from the reader. Here, the first indication information is used to indicate a first frequency hopping time. The transceiver 151 is further configured to transmit, to the tag device at the first frequency hopping time, a carrier signal corresponding to the second frequency domain resource.

[0392] In a possible implementation, the first indication information includes a first time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0393] In a possible implementation, the transceiver 151 is further configured to receive second indication information from the reader. Here, the second indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping number corresponding to a transmission process of the first data stream. The frequency hopping number includes a frequency hopping number from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource and / or a frequency hopping number from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0394] In a possible implementation, the transceiver 151 is further configured to receive third indication information from the reader. The third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. In the case that the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

[0395] In a possible implementation, the transceiver 151 is further configured to receive fourth indication information from the reader. The fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0396] In a possible implementation, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. The bit value corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

[0397] In a possible implementation, in the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is less than a preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is not transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. In the case that the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is greater than or equal to the preset number of bits, the number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

[0398] In a possible implementation, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0399] In the embodiments of the present application, is a ceiling function, which is used to map a real number a to the smallest integer not less than the real number a. N tone represents the number of frequency domain resources that can be used by the tag device and the reader.

[0400] In combination with the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation, the preset number of bits satisfies the following formula:

[0401] wherein, is a permutation formula, that is,

[0402] In a possible implementation, the fourth indication information includes first sub-indication information and second sub-indication information. The first sub-indication information is used to indicate the identity of the first frequency domain resource and the first frequency domain resource as the first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first data stream. The second sub-indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the second frequency domain resource is determined based on the first frequency domain resource and a preset frequency domain resource interval number.

[0403] In a possible implementation, the transceiver 151 is further configured to send, to the tag device, a carrier signal corresponding to the first frequency domain resource at the second frequency hopping moment.

[0404] Please refer to FIG. 16, which is a structural schematic diagram of another communication apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application. The communication apparatus 160 can be used to implement the operations performed by the first device, the second device or the sensing device in the above embodiments, or the communication apparatus 160 can be the first device, the second device or the sensing device described above. The communication apparatus 160 includes a processor 161, a memory 162 and a bus system 163.

[0405] The memory 162 includes, but is not limited to, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable PROM (EPROM), or a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM). The memory 162 is configured to store relevant instructions and data. The memory 162 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof:

[0406] Operation instructions: include various operation instructions, used to implement various operations.

[0407] Operating system: includes various system programs, used to implement various basic services and process hardware-based tasks.

[0408] Only one memory is shown in FIG. 16, of course, the memory can also be set to multiple according to the needs.

[0409] In a possible implementation, the communication apparatus 160 can only include the processor 161 and the bus system 163, i.e., does not include the memory 162.

[0410] The communication apparatus 160 can further include a transceiver 164. The transceiver 164 can be a communication module or a transceiver circuit. In the embodiments of the present application, the transceiver 164 is configured to perform the transceiving operations of the messages involved in the above embodiments.

[0411] The processor 161 can be at least one, specifically can be a controller, a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof. The processor 161 can also be a combination of computing functions, such as one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and the like.

[0412] In a specific application, various components of the communication apparatus 160 are coupled by a bus system 163, which can include a data bus, a power bus, a control bus, and a state signal bus, etc. However, for the sake of clarity, the various buses are shown as the bus system 163 in FIG. 16. Only those components that are relevant to the simplification of the present application are shown in FIG. 16.

[0413] In a specific implementation, the communication apparatus 160 can perform the steps of the method performed by the first device, the second device, or the sensing device in the above embodiments. Specifically, when the communication apparatus 160 is used to implement each step of the communication method performed by the first device, the second device, or the sensing device provided by the embodiments, the processor 161 can implement the functions of the above processing unit 152, and the transceiver 164 can implement the functions of the above transceiving unit 151.

[0414] It should be noted that in actual application, the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability. In the implementation process, each step of the method embodiments described above can be completed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in the processor or instructions in the form of software. The processor described above can be a general processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component. The disclosed methods, steps and logic block diagrams in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as hardware code processing executed by the processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the code processing processor. The software module can be located in a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in the storage, and the processor reads the information in the storage, and combines the hardware to complete the steps of the above method.

[0415] It can be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or can include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be ROM, programmable read-only memory (PROM), EPROM, electrically EPROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. The volatile memory can be RAM, which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM can be used, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory described in the embodiments of the present application is intended to include but not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0416] The present application also provides a computer readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a computer, implements the method steps performed by the tag device, the reader or the carrier node in the above embodiments.

[0417] The application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed by a computer, implements the method steps performed by the tag device, the reader or the carrier node in the above embodiments.

[0418] The application also provides a chip, which includes at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to execute computer-executed instructions to enable a device installed with the chip to implement the method steps performed by the tag device, the reader or the carrier node in the above embodiments.

[0419] Optionally, the chip can further include an interface circuit. The interface circuit is configured to receive computer-executed instructions and transmit them to the processor.

[0420] The application also provides a chip system, which includes a processor configured to support a device installed with the chip system to implement the method steps performed by the tag device, the reader or the carrier node in the above embodiments, such as generating or processing data and / or information involved in the above methods. In a possible design, the chip system further includes a memory configured to store program instructions and data necessary for the data transmitting device. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0421] Optionally, the chip system can further include an interface circuit. The interface circuit can be configured to receive computer-executed instructions and transmit them to the processor.

[0422] Please refer to FIG. 17, which is a structural schematic diagram of another communication device provided in the embodiments of the application. The communication device 170 can include a processor 171 and an interface circuit 172. The interface circuit 172 can be configured to receive signals from other communication devices outside the communication device 170 and transmit them to the processor 171, or transmit signals from the processor 171 to other communication devices outside the communication device 170. The processor 171 can be configured to execute computer programs or instructions through a logic circuit to implement the communication method described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0423] In some possible designs, the communication device 170 can be the tag device described above, or a device including the tag device described above, or a device, such as a chip system, included in the tag device described above. The communication device 170 can also be the reader described above, or a device of the reader described above, or a device, such as a chip system, included in the reader described above. The communication device 170 can also be the carrier node described above, or a device of the carrier node described above, or a device, such as a chip system, included in the carrier node described above.

[0424] The present application also provides a communication system comprising at least the tag device and the reader as described above. The tag device and the reader work cooperatively to implement the communication method described in the above embodiments.

[0425] The present application also provides a communication system comprising at least the tag device, the reader and the carrier node as described above. The tag device, the reader and the carrier node work cooperatively to implement the communication method described in the above embodiments.

[0426] In the above method embodiments, the methods can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, the methods can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center through a wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.)) way. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes one or more available media sets. The available media can be magnetic media (such as floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (such as high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD), or semiconductor media (such as solid state disk (solid state disk, SSD), etc.

[0427] In various embodiments of the present application, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referred to each other if there is no special description and logical conflict. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0428] It can be understood that the various numerical numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are only for the convenience of differentiation, and do not limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the serial number of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined according to its function and inherent logic.

[0429] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the technical scheme of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: sending a first data stream to a reader on a first frequency domain resource; receiving first indication information from the reader, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a first frequency hopping time; hopping from the first frequency domain resource to a second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource correspond to different time domain resources; sending the first data stream to the reader on the second frequency domain resource.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a first sub-data stream, and the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit a second sub-data stream, wherein the first data stream corresponds to m chips, and m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; The first sub-data stream includes n chips in the m chips, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; The second sub-data stream includes m-n chips in the m chips excluding the n chips, or the second sub-data stream includes m-n chips in the m chips excluding the n chips and the last chip in the n chips.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a first sub-data stream in the first data stream, and the second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a second sub-data stream in the first data stream excluding the first sub-data stream; The third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit the first sub-data stream, and the fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit the second sub-data stream.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first frequency domain resource is used to transmit the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream; The second frequency domain resource is used to transmit a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream excluding the third sub-data stream.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first frequency domain resource and a first sub-time domain resource in the first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource are used to transmit the first data stream; The first frequency domain resource and a second sub-time domain resource in the first time domain resource excluding the first sub-time domain resource are used to charge the tag device.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first indication information includes a first time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a fifth time domain resource corresponding to a first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method further comprises: hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at a second frequency hopping time, wherein the second frequency hopping time is determined by the first frequency hopping time and a length of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, and the length of the first time domain resource is determined based on a first parameter, wherein the first parameter includes one or more of a data amount of the first data stream, an encoding mode of the first data stream, and a retransmission number of the first data stream; sending the first data stream to the reader on the first frequency domain resource.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receiving second indication information from the reader, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping number corresponding to a transmission process of the first data stream, the frequency hopping number including a number of frequency hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource and / or a number of frequency hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving third indication information from the reader, wherein the third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the third indication information is further used to indicate that, in the case that the first data stream is transmitted in the frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving fourth indication information from the reader, wherein the fourth indication information is used to indicate identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, A number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner; A bit value corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: sending a preamble signal to the reader, wherein the preamble signal is used to determine amplitude information and / or phase information of a first signal, and the first signal carries the first data stream.

13. A method of communication, comprising: The method includes: receiving a first data stream from a tag device on a first frequency domain resource; sending first indication information to the tag device, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a first frequency hopping time; frequency hopping from the first frequency domain resource to a second frequency domain resource at the first frequency hopping time, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource correspond to different time domain resources; receiving the first data stream from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, The first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a first sub-data stream, and the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit a second sub-data stream, and the first data stream corresponds to m chips, m being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; The first sub-data stream includes n chips in the m chips, n being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; The second sub-data stream includes m-n chips in the m chips other than the n chips, or the second sub-data stream includes m-n chips in the m chips other than the n chips and a last chip in the n chips.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein, A first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a first sub-data stream in the first data stream, and a second time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource is used to transmit a second sub-data stream in the first data stream other than the first sub-data stream; A third time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit the first sub-data stream, and a fourth time domain resource corresponding to the second frequency domain resource is used to transmit the second sub-data stream.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein, The first frequency domain resource is used for transmitting the first data stream and a third sub-data stream in the first data stream. The second frequency domain resource is used for transmitting a fourth sub-data stream in the first data stream, except the third sub-data stream.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein, The first frequency domain resource and a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource are used for transmitting the first data stream. A second time domain resource, except the first time domain resource, in the first time domain resource is used for charging a tag device.

18. The method according to any one of claims 13-17, characterized by, The first indication information includes a first time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a fifth time domain resource corresponding to the first message, a second time interval between the first frequency hopping time and an end time of the fifth time domain resource, or a third time interval between the first frequency hopping time and a start time of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

19. The method according to any one of claims 13-18, characterized in that, The method further includes: hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource at a second frequency hopping time, wherein the second frequency hopping time is determined by the first frequency hopping time and a length of a first time domain resource corresponding to the first frequency domain resource, and the length of the first time domain resource is determined based on a first parameter, and the first parameter includes one or more of a data amount of the first data stream, an encoding mode of the first data stream, and a retransmission number of the first data stream; receiving the first data stream from the tag device on the first frequency domain resource.

20. The method according to any one of claims 13-19, characterized by, The method further includes: sending second indication information to the tag device, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate a frequency hopping number corresponding to a transmission process of the first data stream, and the frequency hopping number includes a number of times of hopping from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource and / or a number of times of hopping from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

21. The method according to any one of claims 13-20, characterized in that, The method further includes: sending third indication information to the tag device, wherein the third indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner, and the third indication information is further used to indicate that, in the case of transmitting the first data stream in the frequency hopping manner, the first frequency hopping is from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource or from the second frequency domain resource to the first frequency domain resource.

22. The method according to any one of claims 13-21, characterized by, The method further includes: sending fourth indication information to the tag device, wherein the fourth indication information is used to indicate identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource, and whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, A number of bits corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate whether the first data stream is transmitted in a frequency hopping manner. A bit value corresponding to the fourth indication information is used to indicate the identities of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource.

24. The method according to any one of claims 13-23, characterized in that, Receiving the first data stream from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource includes: receiving a first signal from the tag device on the second frequency domain resource, wherein the first signal carries the first data stream; receiving a preamble signal from the tag device; determining amplitude information and / or phase information of the first signal according to the amplitude information and / or the phase information of the preamble signal; demodulating based on the amplitude information and / or the phase information of the first signal to obtain the first data stream.

25. A communications device, characterized by The communication device is configured to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1-12, or the communication method according to any one of claims 13-24.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed, implements the communication method according to any one of claims 1-12, or the communication method according to any one of claims 13-24.

27. A chip system, characterized by comprising a processor; The processor is configured to execute computer-executed instructions to cause a device installed with the chip system to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1-12, or the communication method according to any one of claims 13-24.

28. The chip system of claim 27, wherein, The chip system further comprises an interface circuit configured to receive the computer-executed instructions and transmit to the processor.

29. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product is configured to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1-12, or the communication method according to any one of claims 13-24.

30. A communications device, characterized by comprising at least one processor configured to execute a computer program stored in a memory to cause the communication device to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1-12, or the communication method according to any one of claims 13-24.

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