Selectively pressure balanced three-way valve

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve arrangement (1) that comprises a switchable directional valve (3), a fluid balancing valve (2) and an actuating rod (5) for actuating the switchable directional valve (3) and the fluid balancing valve (2). The switchable directional valve (3) is actuated by the actuating rod (5) via a main elastic force relaying means (8).

Description

[0001] DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0002] - 1 -

[0003] Selectively pressure balanced three-way valve

[0004] The invention relates to a valve arrangement that comprises a switchable directional valve, a fluid balancing valve and an actuating rod for actuating the switchable directional valve and the fluid balancing valve.

[0005] Switchable directional valves are around in a variety of technical fields. One possible field out of a wide range of technical applications is the field of air conditioning systems and heat pumps, not only for stationary systems but also (and in particular) for mobile applications. Interest in such switchable directional valves has increased lately due to the more widespread use of electrically operated vehicles.

[0006] Switchable directional valves for refrigeration systems are particularly relevant for refrigeration systems with multiple evaporators and / or condensers. To control the refrigerant flow through the various heat exchangers (i.e. evaporators and / or condensers), typically control valves, in particular switchable directional valves, are placed in front of the respective heat exchangers. It is to be noted that the use of switchable directional valves is already a simplified and less costly design as opposed to the design that two (or more) controllable on-off-valves are used.

[0007] Depending on the refrigerant that is used, pressure differences in the order of 50 bars (in case of R174a) or even 80 bars to 120 bars (R744) easily occur in the refrigeration cycle. Consequently, the parts that are used have to be able to handle such pressure differences. In particular in case of switchable valves (switchable directional valves) the respective actuator that drives the respective valve has to be able to produce a sufficiently high force to overcome the forces that are induced by the pressure differences.

[0008] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0009] - 2 -

[0010] Since this might require comparatively large (and therefore typically accordingly costly) actuators, it was already tried to reduce the required actuation forces by constructive means of the switchable (directional) valve. This approach is as such known in the state-of-the-art and usually referred to as pressure balancing or pressure compensation. Here, the valves are designed in a way that surfaces that induce a force in the actuation direction of the valve in case that a pressure is present are dimensioned to be essentially of the same size in both directions. Therefore, the occurring pressure induced forces cancel each other and irrespective of the applied pressure the resulting net force on the moving parts of the switchable directional valve is / are zero. This way, the actuator can be dimensioned smaller, usually even significantly smaller.

[0011] However, pressure balanced switchable directional valves as they are known in the state-of-the-art do require a fluid tight sealing between certain movable parts. This may be done by O-rings or other sealing devices. The problem with this approach is that the allowable tolerances are required to be small, so that the manufacture of the respective parts is accordingly expensive. Furthermore, sealing members like O-rings always induce a certain amount of mechanical friction that has to be overcome by the actuator. Therefore, despite of the fact that the actuator can be dimensioned smaller as compared to non-pressure balanced switchable directional valves, the actuator still has to be of a somewhat larger size, so as to be able to overcome the frictional forces.

[0012] It is therefore not surprising that there is a desire for a better design of switchable directional valves that allows a less costly design and / or that allows for an even smaller actuator for actuating the switchable directional valve.

[0013] It is therefore an object of the present invention to propose a valve arrangement that comprises a switchable directional valve, a fluid balancing valve and an actuating rod for actuating the switchable directional valve and

[0014] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0015] - 3 - the fluid balancing valve that is improved over valve arrangements as they are known in the state-of-the-art.

[0016] A valve arrangement according to claim 1 solves this object.

[0017] It is suggested to design and arrange a valve arrangement that comprises a switchable directional valve, a fluid balancing valve and an actuating rod for actuating the switchable directional valve and the fluid balancing valve in a way that the switchable directional valve is actuated by the actuating rod via (by means of / through / using / realising a mechanical connection by) a main elastic force relaying means. The main elastic force relaying means does allow for a certain variation in distance on both sides of the main elastic force relaying means. Therefore, some length variations, some rotational variations, some longitudinal variations, some transversal variations and / or the like (including combinations thereof) may occur between the switchable directional valve and the fluid balancing valve, and therefore between their positional states. However, there is usually no force-less free-wheeling between the two sides of the main elastic force relaying means I the two valves (fluid balancing valve and switchable directional valve). Instead, a force is transmitted through the main elastic force relaying means, at least if the main elastic force relaying means is not in its neutral position. Nevertheless, in particular somewhere near the end positions of the actuator’s movement range, a force-less free-wheeling might be realised. It is to be noted that the main elastic force relaying means is usually designed and arranged in a way that it relays a force in both directions, i.e. that it is designed and arranged as a bidirectional force relaying means. Put in other words, if the main elastic force relaying means is elastically deformed from its neutral state / unbiased state, a force is transmitted through the main elastic force relaying means (in both directions, albeit not necessarily at the same time), although the amount of force on both sides of the main elastic force relaying means may be different. However, typically the forces are identical on both sides, at least in a certain range of positions of the main

[0018] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0019] - 4 - elastic force relaying means and / or the switchable directional valve and / or the fluid balancing valve. In particular, an (essentially) identical force may be present in case that no part has reached an end stop, in particular if no valve poppet part of the fluid balancing valve and / or of the switchable directional valve is in contact with (one of) its respective valve seat(s). Thanks to the main elastic force relaying means, a mechanical movement of the fluid balancing valve and a mechanical movement of the switchable directional valve can be decoupled from each other, at least to a certain extent. Thanks to the main elastic force relaying means it is further possible to actuate the valve arrangement from a single point, in particular by a single actuator, without losing the flexibility of the presence of two different valves (namely the switchable directional valve and the fluid balancing valve; albeit only to a certain extent). Hence, thanks to the main elastic force relaying means, both the switchable directional valve and the fluid balancing valve may be actuated by the same / identical actuator (at least for certain times during an actuation movement).

[0020] The notion “the switchable directional valve is actuated by the actuating rod via a main elastic force relaying means” (in particular the “via” part) may be interpreted (or replaced; alternatively and / or additionally used) in a way that the actuating rod (the respective part thereof) acts on the elastic force relaying means, while the elastic force relaying means in turn acts on the switchable directional valve (possibly directly and / or indirectly using an intermediary means like an additional rod or the like). For this, the main elastic force relaying means is arranged between the respective part of the actuating rod and the switchable directional valve (i.e. it usually connects both parts). Even more, usually the main elastic force relaying means is arranged between the fluid balancing valve and the switchable directional valve (i.e. it usually connects both parts). Typically, the (driving) mechanical connection between its neighbouring parts is established (essentially) only by means of the main elastic force relaying means. This typically relates to a movement in the axial

[0021] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0022] - 5 - direction of the valve arrangement / valve parts / actuator movement / actuating rods. However, this does not exclude the possibility of providing some guiding means, like some guiding surfaces (for example in form of a receiving bore), which stabilise the arrangement, in particular in a radial / tangential direction.

[0023] The switchable directional valve may be designed in any way that is known in the state-of-the-art. The same applies mutatis mutandis for the fluid balancing valve and / or for the main elastic force relaying means. It is to be noted that the fluid balancing valve is typically an on-off fluid switching valve.

[0024] It is further suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that the actuating rod is an axially moving actuating rod. Additionally or alternatively, the switchable directional valve and / or the fluid balancing valve is / are (an) axially actuated valve(s). This way, a particularly advantageous and easy to realise design of the presently suggested valve arrangement can be realised. More particularly, the main elastic force relaying means may be designed particularly cost efficient and advantageous. However, different types of actuating rods, switchable directional valves and / or fluid balancing valves may be used as well, for example rotationally operated devices.

[0025] Further, it is suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that the actuating rod comprises a first actuating rod section and a second actuating rod section, wherein the main elastic force relaying means is arranged between the first actuating rod section and the second actuating rod section. When using such a design, typically the first actuating rod section is actuating the fluid balancing valve, while the second actuating rod section is actuating the switchable directional valve (or vice versa). In particular, the respective parts may be fixedly attached to each other. Using this design suggestion, the main elastic force relaying means is usually arranged between the first actuating rod section and the second actuating rod section (i.e. it usually connects both parts). Typically, an actuator might be provided which

[0026] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve

[0027] 27 June 2025

[0028] - 6 - actuates the first actuating rod section directly, and hence the second actuating rod section indirectly via (by means of / through / using / realising a mechanical connection by) the main elastic force relaying means. I.e. the actuator usually actuates the first actuating rod section; the first actuating rod section actuates the elastic force relaying means; the elastic force relaying means actuates the second actuating rod section; and the second actuating rod section actuates the switchable directional valve (where usually the first actuating rod section and / or the actuator actuates the fluid balancing valve on top / additionally / ”in parallel”). However, the actuation might be employed differently, in particular in reverse order, as well. Again, using this design, a particularly advantageous design of the valve arrangement can be realised that is highly operational and functional.

[0029] Yet further, it is suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that the main elastic force relaying means comprises a spring, preferably a precision spring. Additionally or alternatively, the valve arrangement may be designed and arranged in a way that the main elastic force relaying means comprises a first contact disc and a second contact disc that are pushed apart by an elastically biased member, preferably by a spring. The spring may be of a helical design; may show “flattened ends”, where one or both ends of the respectively used wire may deviate from a helical shape; may be manufactured from an elastic wire; may show a defined change of length / force-behaviour (precision spring). Using such a design, a usually cheap and easy to assemble device can be realised that usually shows a high service time as well. Only for completeness, it should be noted that the elastically biased member might comprise a rubber block or the like.

[0030] Even further, it is suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that the end sections of the (precision) spring and / or the first contact disc and the second contact disc are, at least in certain positions, abutting against a corresponding section of a member that is connected with the fluid balancing

[0031] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0032] - 7 - valve and / or a corresponding section of a member that is connected with the switchable directional valve, preferably with a corresponding section of the first actuating rod section and / or a corresponding section of the second actuating rod section. This way, the elastic / deformable force relaying property of the main elastic force relaying means can be easily realised between the fluid balancing valve and the switchable directional valve. Only for completeness it should be noted that in certain positions it is possible that one of the end sections of the (precision) spring and / or (at least) one of the first contact disc and / or the second contact disc are out of contact with the respective contacting section of a member that is connected with the fluid balancing valve, a corresponding section of a member that is connected with the switchable directional valve, a corresponding section of the first actuating rod section and / or a corresponding section of the second actuating rod section. This situation particularly occurs if (at least) one of the fluid balancing valve and the switchable directional valve is in (one of) its end position(s). Then, it is to be noted that thanks to the main elastic force relaying means a mechanical damage of the respective valve can be advantageously avoided. However, it is to be stressed that this is not (necessarily) the only or even the main reason for providing the main elastic force relaying means for the presently disclosed valve arrangement.

[0033] It is even further suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that the switchable directional valve is designed as a three-way valve, preferably as a two position, three-way valve that preferably selectively connects a first (fluid) channel to a second (fluid) channel or a third (fluid) channel. In particular in the end positions of the three-way valve, there is typically no fluid connection between the second channel and the third channel. Put in other words, in the end positions there is no fluid connection between the first fluid channel and both of the second channel and the third channel. Typically, the first (common) channel is a fluid inlet channel (fluid outlet channel), while the second channel and the third channel are (separate)

[0034] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0035] - 8 - fluid outlet channels (fluid inlet channels, respectively). However, there may be some intermediary positions, in which possibly all three channels are fluidly connected to each other, in particular in a transient mode / position of the switchable directional valve, when being moved between its two end positions.

[0036] Furthermore, the valve arrangement might be designed and arranged in a way that the switchable directional valve comprises a valve poppet that can be moved between a first valve seat and a second valve seat, wherein preferably the valve seats are arranged on opposite sides of the valve poppet. Preferably, the valve poppets may be fixedly connected to (a respective part of) an actuating rod (and hence be actuated by the actuating rod). This way, the desired switching behaviour of the switchable directional valve can be easily and efficiently realised. Furthermore, the functionality of the presently disclosed valve arrangement, in which only a temporal pressure compensation occurs, may be easily realised with this design.

[0037] Yet further, it is suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that the fluid balancing valve is designed and arranged in a way to allow a fluid flow in a middle position, and to block a fluid flow in both end positions. This way, the design of the valve arrangement, in particular of the fluid balancing valve, can be realised in a way that the functionality of the temporal pressure balancing effect of the presently disclosed valve arrangement can be easily and efficiently realised. In particular, when an actuator starts to move the valve arrangement away from (one of) its end position(s) (in particular one of the end positions of the switchable directional valve), a fluid flow is then sort of automatically and temporarily established through the fluid balancing valve. In turn, a temporarily occurring fluid balancing is thus effectuated. Once the valve arrangement reaches the opposite end position (in particular an end position of the switchable directional valve), the fluid flow through the fluid balancing valve is eventually blocked again. In particular, the fluid blockage on both sides of the fluid balancing valve makes it possible to allow a leakage flow

[0038] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0039] - 9 - between certain parts of the valve arrangement, since a cross-talk of fluid between second and third channel that might be caused by this leakage flow can be blocked by closing the fluid balancing valve. This way, a disadvantageous fluid tight sealing between moving parts can be avoided. It is to be noted that a fluid tight sealing not only introduces a mechanical friction between the respective parts, but is also quite expensive, in particular in that the respective neighbouring parts have to be machined with a comparatively high precision. Further it is to be noted that a fluid leakage between certain parts of the valve arrangement is not problematic anyhow (or may be even advantageous), because in a transient position of the switchable directional valve a fluid cross-talk between all three fluid channels is present anyhow. If there is an additional leakage flow through additional parts of the valve arrangement between the three fluid channels I fluid ports (first fluid channel, second fluid channel and third fluid channel) of the switchable directional valve, this does not matter. Only if the switchable directional valve is in one of its end positions, such fluid leakage flow would matter. However, in this position the fluid balancing valve will be closed (or will close soon after) as well, thus interrupting the cross-talk leakage flow thanks to the fluid balancing valve.

[0040] Even further, it is suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that the fluid balancing valve comprises two valve poppets and two valve seats, wherein the valve seats are arranged between the two valve poppets. Preferably, the two valve poppets are arranged at a fixed distance. In particular, it is possible that the two valve poppets are fixedly connected to (a respective part of) an actuating rod (and hence be actuated by the actuating rod). This way, the previously suggested fluid switching behaviour of the fluid balancing valve can be easily and effectively realised. Only as a matter of completeness: even if the fluid balancing valve comprises a different number of valve poppets, the (or part of the) poppets may be fixedly connected to (a respective part of) an actuating rod (and hence be actuated by the actuating rod).

[0041] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0042] - 10 -

[0043] Even further, it is suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that a movable part of the switchable directional valve is pressure compensated with respect to the second channel if the fluid balancing valve is in an open position, in particular in case the switchable directional valve closes off the third channel. This way, when the switchable valve is in a respective position, a pressure within respective parts of the switchable directional valve (typically high fluid pressure in first channel and second channel; no or little pressure in third channel) will result in a non-pressure compensated situation, where a large mechanical force has to be overcome to leave this position. However, by first opening the fluid balancing valve (which requires little mechanical force), the switchable directional valve will become pressure compensated, so that the actuation force for the switchable directional valve will be reduced significantly. It is to be noted that in typical designs of the presently proposed valve arrangement, this pressure balancing / opening of the fluid balancing valve, will usually result in a fluid leakage flow towards the third channel (fluid cross-talk), albeit the switchable directional valve is (initially) still closed towards the third channel. However, it is to be noted that the third channel has to be pressurised anyhow, so this temporarily occurring leakage flow is not problematic at all, or is even advantageous for performing the switching behaviour of the switchable directional valve.

[0044] Even further, it is suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that a movable part of the switchable directional valve is pressure dependent with respect to the third channel if the fluid balancing valve is in a closed position, in particular in case the switchable directional valve closes off the second channel. It is to be noted that in this position an undesirable crosstalk leakage flow between the second channel and the third channel is advantageously interrupted by the fluid balancing valve. However, a residual leakage flow may occur through small leakage gaps between the third channel and a rearward chamber of the valve arrangement (so that rearward surface

[0045] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve

[0046] 27 June 2025

[0047] - 11 - sections of the valves of the valve arrangement I of the valves of the valve section become pressurised at the pressure level of third channel). Such gaps might be present between an outer surface of the actuating rod (first actuating rod section and / or second actuating rod section) and the neighbouring inner surface of a housing of the valve actuator (in particular in the section where the main elastic force relaying means is located). By this leakage pressurisation of the rearward chamber, the switchable directional valve becomes pressure dependent, so that it may be (additionally) pushed into its current switching position by the fluid pressure itself. It is to be noted that in case the switchable directional valve has to be moved away from the second channel, a fluid balancing with respect to the second channel might be required in order that the actuator will be able to move the switchable directional valve. This may be done by opening the fluid balancing valve. This way, a fluid crosssection may be provided that is significantly larger than the leakage flow crosssection, outperforming the latter. Hence, the rearward chamber may be easily brought to the pressure level of the second channel; i.e. the switchable directional valve will be pressure balanced with respect to the second channel (and possibly also with respect to the third channel).

[0048] Further, it is suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that at least a part of the actuating rod, in particular the second actuating rod section, comprises an inner fluid conduit. Additionally or alternatively, it is suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that the outer circumferential surface area (of a section) of the actuating rod, in particular of (a section of) the second actuating rod section, and (a section of) the surrounding housing provide a restricted fluid flow conduit. Using at least one, preferably both of the afore suggested designs, the afore described pressure compensation effects can be realised particularly simple and a comparatively cheap design of the valve arrangement can be reached. In particular by means of the inner fluid conduit of the actuating rod, a large fluid cross-section can be provided between the fluid balancing valve and the second fluid channel. This

[0049] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0050] - 12 - way it is easy to outperform the leakage fluid flow through the narrow gap (between third channel and rearward chamber). Therefore the rearward surfaces of the actuating rod / first actuating rod section / second actuating rod sections can be (somewhat) selectively pressurised to the level of the third channel by means of the leakage flow around the main elastic force relaying means (fluid balancing valve closed), or may be be pressurised to the pressure level of the second channel (fluid balancing valve open). Accordingly, a pressure balancing can be switched on and off.

[0051] Yet further, is it suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that it comprises an actuator that drives the actuation rod. Preferably the actuator is a magnetic armature / coil combination. Additionally or alternatively, it is possible to use an electrically actuated actuator, more preferably a stepper motor. The actuator may be a linear actuator. However, a rotational actuator (rotating electric motor, rotating stepper motor or the like) may be used. A combination of two mutually engaging threads may be used to transform the rotating actuation of the actuator into a linear movement of the actuating rod.

[0052] Even further, it is suggested to design the valve arrangement in the way that the second actuating rod section comprises a piston ring, in particular a slotted piston ring. Using such a piston ring, the tolerances of the respective parts can be chosen to be very relaxed. Using such low precision parts, the cost effectiveness of the presently disclosed valve arrangement can be increased even further.

[0053] Even further, it is suggested to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that the fluid balancing valve is actuated by the actuating rod via a second elastic force relaying means that is less elastic than the main elastic force relaying means, preferably significantly smaller than the main elastic force relaying means, more preferably in a way that the actuating rod is essentially fixedly connected to the fluid balancing valve. In particular, the elasticity

[0054] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve

[0055] 27 June 2025

[0056] - 13 -

[0057] (elastic coefficient) of the second elastic force relaying means may be less than 1 %, 2%, 5% or 10% of the elasticity of the main listing force relaying means. This way, again the effectiveness of the presently disclosed valve arrangement can be increased. It is to be noted that an essentially fixedly connected actuating rod (connection between actuating rod I first actuating rod section and the fluid balancing valve; connection between actuating rod I second actuating rod section and the switchable directional valve) does not exclude the possibility of a certain play between the actuating rod and the corresponding fluid balancing valve.

[0058] Further, it is possible to design and arrange the valve arrangement in a way that the actuator is enclosed in the housing of the valve arrangement. In particular, it may be fluidly connected to the refrigerant cycle, at least at times and / or at least through a fluid leakage path. Using this design, the cost effectiveness of the housing, and hence of the valve arrangement can be increased. Yet further, a fluid tight sealing between parts that are mechanically moving relative to each other can be avoided. This way, mechanical friction can be reduced and possibly the lifetime of the arrangement may be increased.

[0059] In particular, the invention can be understood in a way that it is suggested to design and arrange a valve arrangement that comprises a switchable directional valve, a fluid balancing valve and an actuating rod for actuating the switchable directional valve and the fluid balancing valve in a way that the switchable directional valve is actuated by the actuating rod via (by means of / through / using) a main elastic force relaying means in a way that a force is transmitted between the fluid balancing valve and the switchable directional valve through the elastic force relaying means, wherein the switchable directional valve is designed as a three-way valve, preferably as a two position, three-way valve that preferably selectively connects a first (fluid) channel to a second (fluid) channel or a third (fluid) channel.

[0060] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0061] - 14 -

[0062] Further advantages, features, and objects of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the invention in connection with the associated drawings, wherein the drawings show:

[0063] Fig. 1 : a schematic cross-sectional view of a possible embodiment of a valve arrangement according to the present disclosure;

[0064] Fig. 2: an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of the valve section of the valve arrangement according to Fig. 1 in a first switching position of the valve arrangement;

[0065] Fig. 3: a further enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of the main elastic force relaying means in the switching position of the valve arrangement according to Fig. 2;

[0066] Fig. 4: an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of the valve section of the valve arrangement according to Fig. 1 in a second switching position of the valve arrangement;

[0067] Fig. 5: a further enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of the main elastic force relaying means in the switching position of the valve arrangement according to Fig. 4;

[0068] Fig. 6: a schematic cross-sectional view through a contact ring of the main elastic force relaying means that is normal to the axial direction of the valve arrangement according to Fig. 1 ;

[0069] Fig. 7: a second possible embodiment of a fluid balancing valve section of a valve arrangement in an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view.

[0070] Fig. 1 shows a possible embodiment of a temporarily pressure compensated valve arrangement 1 according to a first possible embodiment of the presently disclosed valve arrangement 1 in a schematic cross-sectional view.

[0071] The valve arrangement 1 comprises a fluid balancing valve 2 (see also the other Figs.) and a switchable directional valve 3.

[0072] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0073] - 15 -

[0074] The fluid balancing valve 2 and the switchable directional valve 3 are actuated by means of an actuator 4 via an actuation rod 5, wherein the actuation rod 5 is presently designed to comprise a first actuating rod section 6 and a second actuating rod section 7. Between the first actuating rod section 6 and the second actuating rod section 7, a main elastic force relaying means 8 is arranged, so that a force is relayed between the first actuating rod section 6 and the second actuating rod section 7, although the first and second actuating rod sections 6, 7 may move independently from each other to a certain extent. This will be explained in more detail in the following.

[0075] The actuator 4 is presently designed as a rotating electric stepper motor 9, wherein the rotating movement of electrical rotating stepper motor 9 (more precisely: the rotating shaft 43 of the stepper motor 9) is translated into a transversal movement in the axial direction of actuating rod 5, first actuating rod section 6, second actuating rod section 7, valve member 10 of fluid balancing valve 2 and valve poppet 11 of switchable directional valve 3. The translation between rotation and axial movement is presently effectuated by a pair of threads 14 that are arranged on appropriate surfaces of the rotating part of the actuator 4 and an axially moving part 45 of first actuating rod section 6.

[0076] Another detail that should be noted (and which will become clearer in the following) is that the electric stepper motor 9 is fluidly connected to the inside of a housing 12 of the valve arrangement 1 . In other words, the fluid sealing to the outside is realised by a housing cap 13. This way, no sealing members are needed between parts that are moving relative to each other (like between rotating shaft 43 of stepper motor 9 and guiding member 44, or between guiding member 44 and axially moving part 45 of first actuating rod section 6), so that frictional forces may be reduced, so that in turn the actuator 4 can be dimensioned even smaller.

[0077] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0078] - 16 -

[0079] Switchable directional valve 3 comprises a valve poppet 11 that can be transversally moved in an axial direction between an upper position (as shown in Fig. 2) and a lower position (as shown in Fig. 4). In Fig. 1 , the valve poppet 11 is shown in a transient position which will not be used during extended time spans when the valve arrangement 1 is in an operating mode. Further, the switchable directional valve 3 comprises three (fluid) channels 15, 16, 17, namely a common, first (fluid) channel 15, a second (fluid) channel 16 and a third (fluid) channel 17. Depending on the position of the valve poppet 11 , the switchable directional valve 3 will establish a fluid connection between first fluid channel 15 and second fluid channel 16 (sealing off third channel 17; see Fig. 2). In the opposite end position, the switchable directional valve 3 will establish a fluid connection between first fluid channel 15 and third fluid channel 17, sealing off second channel 16 (see Fig. 4). In the transient position according to Fig. 1 , all three fluid channels 15, 16, 17 are connected to each other. Depending on the application, this may be only a transient position that will not be used for longer time spans. However, in other applications, such a position, in which all three fluid channels 15, 16, 17 are connected to each other may be maintained for a distinct timespan.

[0080] For completeness it should be noted that in the lower end position of switchable directional valve 3, the valve poppet 11 rests on a lower valve seat 18, while the poppet 11 rests on an upper valve seat 19 in the upper end position (see Fig. 2) of switchable directional valve 3. To reduce unwanted fluid leakages, the valve poppet comprises a rubber collar 20, although this is not necessarily required.

[0081] The stem 21 of the valve poppet 11 of switchable directional valve 3 (which is at least in part identical to the second actuated rod section 7) is presently designed with an inner bore 22. The inner bore 22 establishes a fluid connection between second fluid channel 16 through main elastic force relaying means 8 (which comprise inner fluid passages 42; see Fig. 6;

[0082] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0083] - 17 - explained in more detail below) towards fluid balancing valve 2. Depending on the position of the fluid balancing valve 2, a fluid connection with a considerable fluid throughput cross-section is established or hindered between second fluid channel 16 and rearward chamber 23 of the valve section 24 (comprising fluid balancing valve 2 and switchable directional valve 3) of valve arrangement 1. For completeness: the rearward chamber 23 is fluidly sealed off to the outside by means of the housing cap 13.

[0084] On the other hand, the contact between the outside surface 25 of actuating rod 5 I second actuating rod section 7 and the inner surface 26 of housing 12 of valve arrangement 1 in the area of the main elastic force relaying means 8 is not fluid tight. Instead, a small gap 27 is provided which allows a leakage flow with a small fluid flow cross-section between third fluid channel 17 and rearward chamber 23. To further reduce the fluid flow cross-section, a piston ring (in particular a slotted piston ring) may be arranged in the recess 28 that is provided in the second actuating rod section 7. Although the fluid flow crosssection is thus further reduced, a very limited fluid leakage flux is nevertheless possible through gap 27.

[0085] Therefore, depending on whether the fluid balancing valve 2 is in an open position or a closed position, the reward chamber 23 is either pressurised to the pressure level of second fluid channel 16 or third fluid channel 17. Namely, if the fluid balancing valve 2 is closed, the leakage of fluid through gap 27 is the only fluid flow present towards rearward chamber 23, and thus rearward chamber 23 is on the pressure level of ring-like fluid chamber 36 around valve stem 21 of valve poppet 11 of switchable directional valve 3 (which is typically on the pressure level of third fluid channel 17, at least if the valve poppet 11 rests on upper valve seat 19).

[0086] However, if the fluid balancing valve 2 is opened, the fluid flux through fluid balancing valve 2, main elastic force relaying means 8 and inner bore 22 of

[0087] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0088] - 18 - valve stem 21 predominates, so that rearward chamber 23 is pressurised to the pressure level of second fluid channel 17.

[0089] The main elastic force relaying means 8 (see in particular Figs. 3 and 5) comprises in the presently shown embodiment an upper disc 29 and a lower disc 30. Upper and lower disc 29, 30 are pushed away from each other by means of a helical metal spring 31 in the present embodiment (where other materials and / or other biasing means could be used). Depending on the (end) position of the valve section 24 of valve arrangement 1 , the upper disc 29 and lower disc 30 of main elastic force relaying means 8 will about on corresponding surfaces 32 of first actuator rod section 6, or on abutment surfaces 33 of second actuating rod section 7 (or possibly both).

[0090] In the following, a switching cycle will be explained, elucidating the temporal fluid balancing with respect to either second fluid channel 16 or third fluid channel 17.

[0091] Assuming that the valve section 24 of valve arrangement 1 is in the upper end position of both fluid balancing valve 2 and switchable directional valve 3, as it is shown in Fig. 2 (and Fig. 3, in which the main elastic force relaying means 8 is shown in an enlarged view).

[0092] In this upper end position of valve section 24 (upper end position of both valves 2, 3), a fluid connection is established between first fluid channel 15 and second fluid channel 16. The fluid pressure of second fluid channel 16 acts on the lower surface 34 of valve poppet 11. It is to be noted that usually in this position, the pressure in second fluid channel 16 is higher as compared to the pressure in third fluid channel 17, if the valve arrangement 1 is mounted inside of an operating refrigeration cycle.

[0093] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0094] - 19 -

[0095] Furthermore, the bordering surfaces 35 of ring-like fluid chamber 36 around valve stem 21 are pressure balanced with respect to the pressure in third fluid channel 17, irrespective of the pressure level of this third fluid channel 17.

[0096] Now, since the fluid balancing valve 2 is in a closed position, in which the lower valve poppet 37 of fluid balancing valve 2 rests against its corresponding valve seat 38, no fluid flux is permitted through fluid balancing valve 2. Therefore, due to the already discussed gap 27, the rearward chamber 23 is at the pressure level of third fluid channel 17, and therefore the rear side surface parts 41 are also at a low pressure level. Therefore, the valve section 24, in particular the switchable directional valve 3, is not pressure balanced, and therefore valve poppet 11 is firmly pushed onto its respective upper valve seat 19.

[0097] For completeness: this position according to Fig. 2 has been reached (and is held) by a previous upward movement that was initiated by the actuator 4.

[0098] Now, if the switchable directional valve 3 has to be switched to its opposite end position, a downward movement of valve section 24 is initiated by the actuator 4.

[0099] Since the switchable directional valve 3 is unbalanced, and hence the second actuating rod section 7 is held tightly in place by the fluid pressure in second fluid channel 16, the downward movement will initially only occur for first actuating rod section 6. As it is obvious to a person skilled in the art, this will lead to an opening movement of fluid balancing valve 2. This again results in a pressure equilibration between remote chamber 23 and second fluid channel 16, so that pressure exposed surfaces 34 and 41 are now pressure compensated, and switchable directional valve 3 can be moved irrespective of the pressure in second fluid channel 16 with a relatively small force. It is to be

[0100] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0101] - 20 - noted that the pressure compensation only occurs if the relevant areas of the exposed surfaces 34 and 41 are of the same size.

[0102] This (small) force is acting on the switchable directional valve 3 thanks to the continuous downward movement of first actuating rod section 6, which will result in a contact of lower disc 30 of main elastic force relaying means 8 and its corresponding abutment surface 33 of second actuating rod section 7 in the lower section of main elastic force relaying means 8, and a mechanical contact between upper disc 29 and the corresponding abutment surface 32 of first actuating rod section 6, as it is shown in Fig. 5. Now the “elastic force relaying” will move the valve poppet 11 (which is pressure balanced at this moment) in a downward direction. Only for completeness: Fig. 5 shows the end position of the two valves 2, 3 of the valve section 24.

[0103] In the initial phase of the transient movement of the valve section 24, the fluid balancing valve 2 will first remain in an open position until the valve poppet 11 of switchable directional valve 3 has reached its corresponding lower valve seat 18.

[0104] It is acknowledged that during this transient regime some fluid cross-talk between second fluid channel 16 and third fluid channel 17 does occur through inner bore 22, opened fluid balancing valve 2 and gap 27. However, in such a transient situation the valve poppet 11 of switchable directional valve 3 also allows for (a significant) cross-talk between second fluid channel 16 and third fluid channel 17, so that this fluid leakage flow can be completely ignored.

[0105] When the switchable directional valve 3 has reached its lower end position, in which the valve poppet 11 contacts its corresponding lower valve seat 18, the continuous downward actuation of actuating rod 5 (first actuating rod section 6) by actuator 4 will eventually close fluid balancing valve 2 by bringing the upper valve poppet 39 in contact with its corresponding valve seat 40.

[0106] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0107] - 21 -

[0108] In this position (see Fig. 4) a fluid connection is established between first fluid channel 15 and third fluid channel 17. When valve arrangement 1 is placed in an operating refrigeration cycle, typically third fluid channel 17 is now at a significantly higher pressure level as compared to second fluid channel 16.

[0109] It is to be noted that lower surface 34 of valve poppet 11 does not receive a pressure force. However, thanks to the pressure equilibration of third fluid channel 17 and rearward chamber 23 through gap 27, not only bordering surfaces 35 of ring-like fluid channel 36, but also the rearward surface parts 41 of valve section 24 are at a higher pressure level, so that the valve poppet 11 of switchable directional valve 3 is firmly held in its lower end position.

[0110] Now, if the switchable directional valve 3 has to be switched from the lower end position of the valve section 24 (Fig. 4) back to the other end position of valve section 24 (see Fig. 2), an upward movement is initiated by actuator 4 onto actuating rod 5 I first actuating rod section 6. Again, this upward movement will initially open the fluid balancing valve 2 only, since initially the valve poppet 11 is firmly pushed downward by the pressure level of third fluid channel 17 (relayed to rearward chamber 23 via gap 27).

[0111] Once fluid balancing valve 2 has opened, however, a large fluid flow crosssection through inner bore 22, main elastic force relaying means 8 and (open) fluid balancing valve 2 outperforms the fluid flux through gap 27, so that the switchable directional valve 3 becomes pressure compensated and can be moved by means of the elastic force coupling of main elastic force relaying means 8.

[0112] It is to be noted that main elastic force relaying means 8 can be designed in a way that a large fluid flow cross-section is available through the main elastic force relaying means 8, even if one or both discs 29, 30 are in contact with

[0113] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0114] - 22 - their respective abutting surface 32, 33. This becomes clear when looking at Fig. 6: in this cross-sectional view (cross-sectional plane normal to the axial direction of actuating rod 5) it can be seen that the upper disc 29 comprises fluid throughput recesses 42. Albeit Fig. 6 only shows upper disc 29, the same may apply mutatis mutandis to lower disc 30.

[0115] In Fig. 7, a second possible embodiment of a fluid balancing valve 46 that can be used in connection with a valve arrangement 1 is shown in an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view. The view chosen is essentially similar to Fig. 3, in which a first possible embodiment of a fluid balancing valve 2 for a valve arrangement 1 was shown in an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view.

[0116] According to the second embodiment of a fluid balancing valve 46, the valve section 47 comprises the main elastic force relaying means 8. Namely, a lower valve poppet 48 and its corresponding lower valve seat 49 are arranged neighbouring the lower end of main elastic force relaying means 8, while an upper valve poppet 50 and its corresponding upper valve seat 51 are arranged neighbouring the upper end of main elastic force relaying means 8. In effect: upper valve poppet 50 and corresponding upper valve seat 51 according to the second embodiment of fluid balancing valve 46 are essentially identical to the lower valve poppet 37 and lower valve seat 38 according to the first embodiment of fluid balancing valve 2 for the embodiments chosen.

[0117] It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the second embodiment of a fluid balancing valve 46 works analogously to the first embodiment of a fluid balancing valve 2 during a switching cycle of the valve arrangement 1 as described above and with particular reference to Figs. 2 to 6.

[0118] It is noted that identical reference numerals are used throughout the present disclosure for parts that are sufficiently similar in design and / or in function to justify the use of identical reference numerals, although the respective parts

[0119] Classified as Business DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025

[0120] - 23 - may not be identical. This is done for brevity and to improve the understandability of the description.

[0121] It is also to be noted that a single one or a plurality of the features of one, several or all of the presently disclosed detailed embodiments may be used in combination with the generic description of the present disclosure.

[0122] Classified as Business

Claims

DAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025- 24 -C l a i m s1 . Valve arrangement (1 ), comprising a switchable directional valve (3), a fluid balancing valve (2) and an actuating rod (5) for actuating the switchable directional valve (3) and the fluid balancing valve (2), characterized in that the switchable directional valve (3) is actuated by the actuating rod (5) via a main elastic force relaying means (8).

2. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterised in that the actuating rod (5) is an axially moving actuating rod (5) and / or characterised in that the switchable directional valve (3) and / or the fluid balancing valve (2) are axially actuated valves.

3. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 2, characterised in that the actuating rod (5) comprises a first actuating rod section (6) and a second actuating rod section (7), wherein the main elastic force relaying means (8) is arranged between the first actuating rod section (6) and the second actuating rod section (7).

4. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 3, characterised in that the main elastic force relaying means (8) comprises a spring, preferably a precision spring and / or a first contact disc (29) and a second contact disc (30) that are pushed apart by an elastically biased member (31 ), preferably by a spring (31 ).

5. Valve arrangement according to claim 4, characterised in that the end sections of the precision spring and / or the first contact disc (29) and the second contact disc (30) are, at least in certain positions, abutting against a corresponding section (32) of a member (6) that is connectedClassified as BusinessDAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025- 25 - with the fluid balancing valve (2) and / or a corresponding section (33) of a member (7) that is connected with the switchable directional valve (3), preferably with a corresponding section (32) of the first actuating rod section (6) and / or a corresponding section (33) of the second actuating rod section (7).

6. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to any of claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the switchable directional valve (3) is designed as a three-way valve (3), preferably as a two position, three-way valve (3) that preferably selectively connects a first channel (15) to a second channel (16) or a third channel (17).

7. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to any of claims 2 to 6, characterised in that the switchable directional valve (3) comprises a valve poppet (11 ) that can be moved between a first valve seat (18) and a second valve seat (19), wherein preferably the valve seats (18, 19) are arranged on opposite sides of the valve poppet (11 ).

8. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to any of claims 2 or 7, characterised in that the fluid balancing valve (2) is designed and arranged in a way to allow a fluid flow in a middle position, and to block a fluid flow in both end positions.

9. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to any of claims 2 to 8, characterised in that the fluid balancing valve (2) comprises two valve poppets (37, 39) and two valve seats (38, 40), wherein the valve seats (38, 40) are arranged between the two valve poppets (37, 39).Classified as BusinessDAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025- 26 -10. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to any of claims 3 to 9, characterised in that a movable valve part (7, 11 ) of the switchable directional valve (3) is pressure compensated with respect to the second channel (16) if the fluid balancing valve (2) is in an open position, in particular in case the switchable directional valve (3) closes off the third channel (17).

11. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to any of claims 3 to 10, characterised in that a movable part (7, 11 ) of the switchable directional valve (3) is pressure dependent with respect to the third channel (17) if the fluid balancing valve (2) is in a closed position, in particular in case the switchable directional valve (3) closes off the second channel (16).

12. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that in particular according to any of claims 2 to 11 , more preferably according to claim 10 or 11 , characterised in that at least a part of the actuating rod (5), in particular the second actuating rod section (7), comprises an inner fluid conduit (22) and / or characterised that the outer circumferential surface area (25) of an actuating rod (5), in particular of the second actuating rod section (7), and the surrounding (26) housing (12) provide a restricted fluid flux conduit (27).

13. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by an actuator (4) that drives the actuation rod, preferably by a magnetic armature / coil combination and / or an electrically actuated actuator, more preferably a stepper motor (9).

14. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to any of claims 3 to13, characterised in that theClassified as BusinessDAN2417DKWO - IN 18093- PA18836WO01 Active balanced three-way valve 27 June 2025- 27 - second actuating rod section (7) comprises a piston ring, in particular a slotted piston ring.

15. Valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fluid balancing valve (2) is actuated by the actuating rod (5) via a second elastic force relaying means that is less elastic than the main elastic force relaying means (8), preferably significantly smaller than the main elastic force relaying means (8), more preferably in a way that the actuating rod (5) is essentially fixedly connected to the fluid balancing valve (2).

16. Valve arrangement (1 ), in particular valve arrangement (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a switchable directional valve (3), a fluid balancing valve (2) and an actuating rod (5) for actuating the switchable directional valve (3) and the fluid balancing valve (2), characterized in that the switchable directional valve (3) is actuated by the actuating rod (5) via a main elastic force relaying means (8) in a way that a force is transmitted between the fluid balancing valve (2) and the switchable directional valve (3) through the elastic force relaying means (8), wherein the switchable directional valve (3) is designed as a three- way valve (3), preferably as a two position, three-way valve (3) that preferably selectively connects a first channel (15) to a second channel (16) or a third channel (17).Classified as Business

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