Composite pane comprising an improved heatable optical sensor window

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite pane (100), in particular vehicle glazing, with an optical sensor window module (10), comprising an outer pane (1a) with an external main face (F1) and an internal face (F2) and an inner pane (1b) with an external face (F3) and an internal main face (F4), which are joined to one another via at least one intermediate layer (3), wherein the optical sensor window module (10) is arranged in a traversing hole between the internal main face (F4) of the inner pane (1b) and the external main face (F1) of the outer pane (1a), which traversing hole is delimited by a side wall of the composite pane (100), wherein the optical sensor window module (10) comprises a frame-like holder part (4) which is at least fixed to the side wall of the composite pane (100), and an insert (2) made of material having a crystalline structure, which is at least transparent in a sensor-adapted range of wavelengths, at least in a range of wavelengths A in the infrared spectrum above 3 µm, wherein the insert (2) is fixed within the traversing hole by the frame-like holder part (4), and a heating zone (H) is defined in a region surrounding the optical sensor window module (10) and at least one heating element (5) is arranged within the heating zone (H) and integrated between the outer pane (1a) and inner pane (1b) and / or on the external main face (F1) of the outer pane (1a) and / or on the internal main face (F4) of the inner pane (1b). The invention also relates to an optical sensor arrangement device (200) comprising such composite pane (100).

Description

[0001] SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0002] 1

[0003] Composite pane comprising an improved heatable optical sensor window

[0004] The invention relates to a composite pane with an improved heatable optical sensor window comprising a crystalline insert and at least one heating element integrated within the composite pane. The invention also relates to an optical sensor arrangement in a vehicle comprising such composite pane with a heatable sensor window.

[0005] In response to new automotive vehicle safety standards, advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS), and camera sensors are developed. For future automated driving features, in particular requiring Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) and Pedestrian Autonomous Emergency Braking (PAEB) systems to work reliably both day and night, also glazings for autonomous vehicles and the associated technologies are constantly evolving.

[0006] In this context many vehicles are equipped with various optical sensors. Examples of optical sensors are camera systems such as video cameras, night vision, thermal cameras, image intensifiers or passive infrared detectors such as FLIR (Forward Looking Infrared) or LiDAR. The camera systems can use light in the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS) and infrared wavelength range (IR). Camera-based systems are used to provide a wide range of safety functions, including adaptive cruise control, obstacle detection, lane departure warning, and support for autonomous operation. Objects, vehicles and pedestrians can be precisely detected even in poor weather conditions, such as darkness and fog. Conventionally, thermal sensors have been placed behind the grille, exposing them to mud, dirt shocks and other elements. Positioning visible and IR (thermal) sensing systems in particular behind the windshield within the compartment increased the reliability of AEB by improved visibility in all scenarios. In order to have a high, forward field of view, optical sensors like cameras, therefore are currently typically mounted high on the windshield and preferably in the windshield wiper area.

[0007] A clear and undistorted field of view is critical to the function of an optical, camerabased sensor system. Thus, to ensure optimal function of the optical sensors, a clean and contamination free field of view (vision zone) is absolutely essential. For example, dust or other debris from the environment but also moisture, ice and mist in particular in the sensor field of view, interfere with functionality of corresponding sensors since they reduce the performance of the vision of the optical sensor system. The sensor SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0008] 2 image quality can be deteriorated both in reduced transmission, sensitivity, contrast and sharpness but also cause stray light phenomena. To keep the sensor field of view and sensor window clear and clean, it is currently preferred to position sensor windows in the wiper areas, in particular in a windshield. Whereas wiper systems can be used for removal of water droplets and dirt particles from the outer surface of the pane, however they are generally inadequate in the case of icing.

[0009] The IR sensing systems are placed and encapsulated in a housing behind the windshield to protect the same from moisture and dirt. If moisture penetrates into this encapsulated housing, this can especially happen with cold outside temperatures and moist weather conditions, it can condense on the inner side of the vision zone (FOV) of the pane for the sensor and restrict the necessary transmission of electromagnetic radiation for a proper sensor function. In worst case the sensor would not be able to operate and no valid data can be recorded.

[0010] To enable clear vision of a thermal camera sensor window under cold and moist weather conditions, a de-icing and defogging function is needed. Typically used for those functions are heated elements in the field of view (FOV) of the sensor or in the surrounding of the sensor window. Such heated elements are for example described in CN117382387 A, WO2023 / 045999 A1 and US10953814 B2. However, providing elements in the field of view might negatively affect the sensor functions. On the other hand, for a standard glazing part with an optical sensor window, for example an ADAS camera, heated elements around a sensor window are normally not very efficient in terms of heating performance. The major issue is the low thermal conductivity of glass.

[0011] US 2022 / 324388 A1 discloses a vehicle glass panel with an insert and an associated thermal camera device.

[0012] US 2024 / 157912 A1 discloses a pane arrangement with a heatable sensor window.

[0013] EP 4 071 122 A1 discloses a glass for vehicles and a camera unit.

[0014] JP 2022 / 076879 A discloses a vehicle resin component, a vehicle window component, and a vehicle. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0015] 3

[0016] Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a composite pane, in particular a vehicle glazing for an optical sensor arrangement device, comprising an improved optical sensor window module combined with an improved defrosting and defogging function to optimize reliability and accuracy of the detection by a sensor arrangement, especially in cold and moist weather conditions.

[0017] The object of the present invention is accomplished by a composite pane comprising an optical sensor window module according to independent claim 1 and an optical sensor arrangement device according to claim 14. Preferred embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

[0018] The invention relates to a composite pane, in particular vehicle glazing, with an optical sensor window module, comprising an outer pane with an external main face F1 and an internal face F2 and an inner pane with an external face F3 and an internal main face F4, which are joined to one another via at least one intermediate layer, wherein the optical sensor window module is arranged in a traversing hole between the internal main face F4 of the inner pane and the external main face F1 of the outer pane, which traversing hole is delimited by a side wall of the composite pane, wherein the optical sensor window module comprises a frame-like holder part which is at least fixed to the side wall of the composite pane, and an insert made of material having a crystalline structure, which is at least transparent in a sensor-adapted range of wavelengths, at least in a range of wavelengths A in the infrared spectrum above 3 pm, wherein the insert is fixed within the traversing hole by the frame-like holder part, and a heating zone is defined in a region surrounding the optical sensor window module and at least one heating element is arranged within the heating zone and integrated between the outer pane and inner pane and / or on the external main face F1 of the outer pane and / or on internal main face F4 of the inner pane.

[0019] Advantageously, with these features it is possible to provide an improved composite pane, comprising an improved optical sensor window module in particular for use in a vehicle glazing, with both optimized transmission for collection of data and additionally providing for an improved and faster defrosting and defogging function to optimize reliability and accuracy of the detection by a sensor arrangement, especially in cold and moist weather conditions. The heating performance according to the invention is significantly improved due to the synergistic effect of the insert material showing an improved thermal conductivity compared to the thermal conductivity of the replaced SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0020] 4 usual glazing material, in combination with a heating element provided in a heating zone adjacent to the optical sensor window module. The at least one heating element is obviously connectable to a suitable power supply.

[0021] The holder part, being “frame-like” in context of the invention means that it surrounds, preferably completely surrounds, the insert, wherein the holder part and the insert are joined to one another, for example by press-fit or via an adhesive connection.

[0022] Additionally, a heating zone (area) comprising the at least one heating element is defined, surrounding the optical sensor window module. Thus, also the at least one heating element is located close to the insert as a result of which the sensor window and vision zone (or so-called FOV-Field of View) for an optical sensor can effectively been heated. Preferably a heating element is realized in that it completely surrounds the optical sensor window module comprising the insert in that a best possible homogeneous spread of temperature distribution and effective heating is achieved.

[0023] The insert according to the invention is made of material having a crystalline structure, which is at least transparent in a sensor-adapted range of wavelengths, at least in a range of wavelengths A in the infrared spectrum above 3 pm. In the context of the invention “sensor-adapted range of wavelengths” is the working wavelengths of the sensor which is intended to be used with the glazing in an optical, viewing sensor arrangement (viewing system), for example comprising a thermal camera.

[0024] Generic thermal (“infrared”) cameras detect radiation in some part of the infrared range of wavelengths (infrared band) that runs from roughly 900 nm to 15 pm. However, the thermal cameras developed for L2+ use cases and L3 autonomous vehicles are usually infrared cameras that detect in the range of from 3 pm to 5 pm or 6 pm (MWIR) or 7 pm to 14 pm (LWIR) bands. Thus, the preferred range of wavelengths A according to the invention at least comprises the working wavelength (bands) of such thermal camera.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the range of wavelengths A extends at least from 4 pm to 14 pm, preferably at least from 5 pm to 12 pm.

[0026] The material having a crystalline structure of the insert preferably exhibits an infrared optical transmission of at least 25%, preferably at least 50%, for example at least 70% in said range A. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0027] 5

[0028] In another preferred embodiment, the material having a crystalline structure of the insert is additionally transparent in the visible region and preferably exhibits an optical transmission of at least 25%, preferably of at least 50% in a range B at a reference wavelength of between 400 nm and 750 nm.

[0029] According to the invention, the material of the insert has a crystalline structure, preferably a cubic crystal structure, and is preferably transparent in the visible region at a reference wavelength of between 400 nm and 750 nm, for example between 500 nm and 600 nm and preferably from 540 nm or 550 nm to 600 nm, preferably with a light transmission of at least 25% and more preferably of at least 30% or even more preferred at least 40% or at least 60% in the range B. In particular, a variation in light transmission of at most 5% or 2% (flat spectrum) in the range B is preferred. The material of the insert having a crystalline structure can, but has not to be transparent over the whole mentioned range B. However, the material can even be transparent from the start of the range B up to the end of the range A, and even preferably with a variation in transmission of at most 8% or 5% (flat spectrum) over this entire range of wavelengths.

[0030] The light transmission is measured for the reference wavelength or better still for the range B with a spectrophotometer, such as the Perkin-Elmer Lambda-35. The light transmission can be measured according to the standard ISO 9050:2003 using illuminant D65 and can be the total transmission (in particular integrated over the visible region and weighted by the curve of sensitivity of the human eye), taking into account both direct transmission and possible diffuse transmission, the measurement being carried out, for example, using a spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere, the measurement at a given thickness subsequently being converted, if appropriate, to the reference thickness of 4 mm according to the standard ISO 9050:2003. The infrared optical transmission is measured for the range A by a Fourier spectrometer, such as the BrukerVertex-70.

[0031] Preferably, the insert is not or only slightly hygroscopic, in particular with a solubility value at 20° C of at most 0.2 g in 100 ml of water.

[0032] The material of the insert might be a single crystal material. In a preferred embodiment the material of the insert is polycrystalline. Advantageously, the material of the insert SAI NT-GOBAI N SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281 -WO-PCT

[0033] 6 according to the invention is preferably a polycrystalline material easier to manufacture than a single crystal.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment the material having a crystalline structure of the insert is chosen from: a zinc compound comprising selenium and / or sulfur or a compound comprising barium fluoride or calcium fluoride. Without limiting the invention, the material of the insert can for example also be chosen from: diamond, sapphire (AI2O3), germanium (Ge) or silicon (Si) or a compound comprising the same. More preferred, the material having a crystalline structure of the insert is chosen from: zinc sulfide and germanium.

[0035] For example, with an excellent transmission from about 2 pm to 14 pm, sensor windows made of crystalline germanium cover both the usual MWIR (3-5pm) and LWI R (8-12pm) optical and thermal wavebands, while being opaque to visible light. Thus, an insert made of crystalline Germanium might be used for the sensor window, i.e. the insert in the optical sensor window module when transmission in the visible range B is not needed or undesired.

[0036] There are for example two methods, known in the art, to prepare germanium single crystals: one is the Czochralski method, and the other is the zone melting method.

[0037] The material of the insert is, for example, chosen from: a compound comprising a multispectral zinc sulfide, especially obtained after hot isostatic pressing, a compound comprising a zinc selenide or germanium or a compound barium fluoride, as described for example in WO2021 / 043838A1 .

[0038] Preferably, the material of the insert exhibits a purity (by weight) of at least 99.99% or also of at least 99.995% and more preferably 99.999% and / or is devoid of inclusions and / or of crystal defects with a size of greater than 20 pm or even than 12 pm or 10 pm.

[0039] The insert is, for example, colorless or tinted, while remaining transparent in range of working wavelengths of the sensor, for example at least in the range of wavelengths A, in particular yellow or orange.

[0040] In another preferred embodiment, the material having a crystalline structure of the insert is chosen from a following material, preferably a polycrystalline material, in particular obtained by chemical vapor deposition: a zinc compound comprising selenium and / or sulfur or a compound comprising barium fluoride indeed even a compound comprising thallium bromide-iodide, such as that of SAI NT-GOBAI N SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281 -WO-PCT

[0041] 7

[0042] KRS-5 (Thallium Bromide-lodide) type, and in particular the material having a crystalline structure of the insert is chosen from: a compound comprising a multispectral zinc sulfide, especially obtained after hot isostatic pressing (treatment by an isostatic press under the temperature preferably of at least 800° C), in particular including selenium, such as ZnSxSei.xwith x preferably of at least 0.97, better still of at least 0.99 and even better still of at least 0.998, a compound comprising a zinc selenide, especially ZnSe, in particular including sulfur, such as ZnSeySi-ywith y of at least 0.97, better still of at least 0.99 and even better still at least 0.998, a compound comprising barium fluoride, in particular including calcium and / or strontium, in particular Bai.j. jCajSrjF2 with i+j strictly less than 1 , i and j each preferably of at most 0.25, better still of at most 0.03 or even better still of at most 0.005 or also Bai.jCajF2 with i strictly less than 1 and preferably of at most 0.25, better still of at most 0.03 or even better still of at most 0.005, especially BaF2. Zinc sulfide with a multispectral (MS) grade is a recent material. It can be polycrystalline and obtained by carrying out (in particular after formation by chemical vapor deposition CVD starting from zinc vapor and H2S gas) a hot isostatic pressing (HIP). This appears to suppress defects in the crystal lattice, in particular to remove hexagonal phase crystallites by converting them into the cubic main phase, to reduce the volumes of pores and to homogenize the stoichiometry to thus attain the transparency in the visible region. Its structure is micro(poly)crystalline, comprising grains generally of 10 to 50 pm. As indicated in the paper “Recrystallization Behavior of Zinc Chalcogenides during Hot Isostatic Pressing”, E. M. Gavrishchuk et al., Inorganics Materials, Vol. 50, No. 3, 2014, the HIP can be in an argon atmosphere between 810°C and 1200°C and under a pressure of 89 to 200 MPa for a period of time of 1 to 22 h.

[0043] The transmission of the multispectral zinc sulfide can be broad spectrum with a flat spectrum. The transmission is in particular greater than 60% from 0.5 pm to 10 pm.

[0044] Multispectral zinc sulfide is chemically inert, (virtually) non hygroscopic with a solubility value at 20° C of less than 0.005 g in 100 ml of water.

[0045] The refractive index of multispectral ZnS is, for example, between 2.1 and 2.3 in the range A and, in the visible region, between 2.3 and 2.6.

[0046] Multispectral (in particular polycrystalline) zinc sulfide is admittedly generally less hard than conventional (monospectral) zinc sulfide but this remains acceptable in the light of the abovementioned optical advantages.

[0047] The modulus of rupture of the multispectral zinc sulfide insert can be greater than 60 or 65 MPa. SAI NT-GOBAI N SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281 -WO-PCT

[0048] 8

[0049] Multispectral zinc sulfide is generally more resistant than zinc selenide (and less resistant than conventional zinc sulfide).

[0050] The multispectral zinc sulfide single crystal exists but is more difficult to synthesize (in particular obtained by the Bridgman method of recrystallization under pressure and at high temperature). An example of the manufacture of the multispectral zinc sulfide single crystal is given in the publication by Gavrishchuk et al., J. Crystal Growth, 457, 2017, pp. 275-281.

[0051] Multispectral and preferably polycrystalline zinc sulfide is advantageous in the light of its combination of chemical resistance, optical and mechanical properties.

[0052] As an example of a polycrystalline multispectral zinc sulfide, Cleartran™ is mentioned.

[0053] Mention may also be made of the multispectral ZnS product sold by ll-VI or Crystaltechno Ltd. Preferably, the multispectral and preferably polycrystalline zinc selenide (ZnSe and more broadly ZnSxSei-x) exhibits a purity (by weight) of at least 99.99% or also of at least 99.995% and better still 99.999% and / or is devoid of inclusions (and / or of crystal defects) with a size of greater than 20 pm or even than 12 pm or 10 pm.

[0054] Zinc selenide is less absorbent than multispectral zinc sulfide in the range B. Polycrystalline zinc selenide can also be obtained by CVD starting from zinc vapor and FLSe gas. The zinc selenide single crystal exists but is more difficult to synthesize (in particular obtained by the Bridgman method under high pressure).

[0055] Zinc selenide is chemically inert, (virtually) nonhygroscopic, in particular with a solubility value at 20° C of less than 0.005 g in 100 ml of water.

[0056] The transmission of (in particular polycrystalline) zinc selenide is broad spectrum and the spectrum is particularly flat. The transmission of (in particular polycrystalline) zinc selenide can be greater than 70% from 0.5 pm to 10 pm.

[0057] The modulus of rupture of the (in particular polycrystalline) zinc selenide insert is greater than 50 or 55 MPa.

[0058] The size of polycrystalline zinc selenide grains can be between 50 and 70 pm. Mention may be made, as vendors of polycrystalline zinc selenide, of Hellma, ll-VI or Crystaltechno Ltd. SAI NT-GOBAI N SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281 -WO-PCT

[0059] 9

[0060] An example of ZnSeySi-ysingle crystal predominantly made of zinc selenide is described in the publication by Kozielski et al., Journal of Crystal Growth, 30, 1975, pp. 86-92. Preferably, the polycrystalline zinc selenide (ZnSeySi-yand in particular ZnSe) exhibits a purity (by weight) of at least 99.99% or also of at least 99.995% and better still 99.999% and / or is devoid of inclusions (and / or of crystal defects) with a size of greater than 20 pm or even than 12 pm or 10 pm.

[0061] The barium fluoride can be a single crystal obtained, for example, by the Bridgman-Stockbarger technique.

[0062] Advantageously, the barium fluoride can be polycrystalline (ceramic) and obtained with the method of synthesis starting from barium fluoride single crystals which makes it possible to increase the mechanical strength (to limit the splitting of single crystals because of cleavage). An example of the manufacture of ceramic barium fluoride is given in the publication by Fedorov et al., Inorganic Materials, 50, 2014, pp. 738-744.

[0063] Barium fluoride is weakly hygroscopic, in particular with a solubility value at 20° C of less than 0.2 g in 100 ml of water. The modulus of rupture of the barium fluoride insert can be greater than 25 MPa.

[0064] The transmission of the barium fluoride can be broad spectrum with a flat spectrum. The transmission of the barium fluoride can be greater than 80% from 0.5 pm to 10 pm. Mention may be made, as barium fluoride single crystal, of the product sold by Hellma or Crystaltechno Ltd.

[0065] Preferably, the preferably polycrystalline barium fluoride (Bai-j.jCaiSrjF2 or also BaCajF2 and in particular BaF2) exhibits a purity (by weight) of at least 99.99% or also of at least 99.995% and better still 99.999% and / or is devoid of inclusions (and / or of crystal defects) with a size of greater than 20 pm or even than 12 pm or 10 pm.

[0066] Preferably, for more stability, as described in the publication by Duvel et al., Solid State Sciences, 83, 2018, pp. 188- 191 , i and j are low; in particular, i is of at most 0.03 and j is of at most 0.03 and even better still i is of at most 0.005 and j is of at most 0.005.

[0067] In another preferred embodiment, the insert has a maximum diameter of 70 mm or less, preferably 60 mm or less. Preferably, the equivalent diameter of the traversing hole (constant or variable in thickness) and the equivalent diameter of the insert (constant or variable in thickness) are each at most 55 mm and even at most 35 mm. More preferred, the maximum diameter of the insert is 45 mm or less. For example the insert has a diameter of 41 mm or 31 mm. When the maximum diameter of the insert is 45 mm or less, a particularly preferable short de-icing time can be achieved. Preferably, the geometric shape of the insert and the corresponding traversing hole in the composite SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0068] 10 pane is circular, oval, elliptical, trapezoidal, rectangular, a square or hexagonal. A round or oval shape of the hole is preferred as the tension in the surrounding pane(s) of the composite pane is higher and more local stress peaks occur when sharp angles (corners) are formed.

[0069] According to a preferred embodiment, the material having a crystalline structure of the insert is chosen from zinc sulfide (ZnS) or germanium (Ge), and the insert has a maximum diameter of 45 mm or less. Such an insert has a particularly advantageous short de-icing time.

[0070] A traversing hole and insert size which is too high can damage the mechanical strength of a composite pane (windshield, and the like), with consequences for the safety of passengers. Furthermore, the diameter of the insert is preferably at least 5 mm, more preferably at least 15 mm.

[0071] The thickness of the insert according to an embodiment is preferably chosen in that the exterior surface of the insert to the atmosphere is preferably positioned generally flush or slightly set back with the external main face F1 of the outer pane of the composite pane, as well as the interior surface of the insert is preferably positioned generally flush or slightly set back with the internal main face F4 of the vehicle glazing. For example, the insert has a given thickness E0 preferably of less than or equal to 10 mm, in particular between 3 mm and 6 mm, for example between 4 mm and 5 mm.

[0072] The frame-like holder part, as mounting means, fixed to the insert on one side and to the side wall of the pane on the other side preferably provides a durable leak tightness to liquid water, indeed even water vapor. The frame-like holder part, for example carrier ring (also called mounting ring) might be fixed and preferably additionally glued to the insert and the side wall of a traversing hole in the composite pane, for example via liquid adhesive. The liquid adhesive is preferably chosen from acrylate adhesives, methyl methacrylate adhesives, cyanoacrylate adhesives, poly-epoxides, silicone adhesives, and / or silane crosslinking polymer adhesives, mixtures and / or copolymers thereof.

[0073] In another embodiment, the frame-like holder part of the optical sensor window module, comprises at least one mounting ring, in context of the invention also named carrier ring, made of a polymer material, preferably containing a polycarbonate, SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0074] 11 polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA66), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrenepolycarbonate (ABS-PC), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), mixtures, block polymers, and / or copolymers thereof.

[0075] Further, in a preferred embodiment, the frame-like holder part has a maximum radial thickness D of 5 mm or less, for example D is 4 mm, 3 mm or 2 mm.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one heating element is a heating film or the heating element is an electrically conductive coating arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane. A heating film can also be arranged as heating element on the surface of the outer pane or of the inner pane, which is exposed to the atmosphere.

[0077] The electrically conductive coating can be made of material in principle known by the person skilled in the art. For example, the electrically conductive coating can be an indium tin oxide (ITO) coating, a coating containing silver or a silver-containing alloy, a coating containing gold, aluminum, tungsten or copper, a graphite-containing coating or graphene.

[0078] The term “heating film” means a flat film that can electrically be heated. It can, for example, be a polymer film that is coated with an electrically heatable coating. In general, integration of such a heating film is possible on the internal face F2 of the outer pane and / or external face F3 of the inner pane, i.e. within the composite pane, not exposed to the atmosphere. The heating film can also be a polymer film (foil) onto which conductor tracks made of a metallic material are applied, such heating film preferably arranged on the internal main face F4 of the composite pane. For example, the polymer film contains or consists of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (Pll), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), or polyesters or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof. Particularly preferably, the polymer film provided with the heatable coating or conductor tracks contain or consists of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Such heating films and methods for production of the same are known in the art. Alternatively, the heating film can also be a film made of an electrically conductive polymer. Preferably, the heating film is a thin plastic layer onto which conductor tracks made of metallic material are applied for example by printing methods. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0079] 12

[0080] Examples of electrically conductive and, thus, heatable polymers include for example poly-3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) with polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) as a counterion, doped polyacetylene (PAC), and polyaniline (PAni), or polymer composites of polyoxymethylene Copolymers (POM-C), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or polydimethyldisiloxane (PDMS) with carbon.

[0081] In another preferred embodiment, the heating element is at least one electrically conductive metallic wire arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane, preferably made of silver, copper or tungsten or alloys containing said metals. The at least one electrically conductive metallic wire can for example be printed on the internal face (F2) of the outer pane or on the external face (F3) of the inner pane or on a surface of at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer, or the electrically conductive metallic wire is arranged between two of at least two thermoplastic intermediate layers. For example, a single electrically conductive metallic wire can be arranged surrounding the optical sensor window module in a wave-shaped or meander-shaped manner.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the heating element comprises at least two electrically conductive metallic wires. The at least two electrically conductive metallic wires can be, for example, at least two printed silver wires or at least two copper wires or at least two tungsten wires. The at least two printed silver wires or the at least two copper wires or the at least two tungsten wires can, for example, form a grid-like structure that is arranged in a heating zone surrounding the optical sensor window module. Suitable structures and arrangements for the at least one printed electrically conductive wire(s), for example silver wire, or the at least one copper or tungsten wire, are known to the person skilled in the art.

[0083] According to an embodiment of the invention, the heating output of the heating element is for example selected such that the heating element can provide a temperature of 30°C to 90°C, preferably 50°C to 70°C. For this, typically, a heating output of 0.5 W / dm2to 10 W / dm2is required.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the heating element has a heating output of 0.1 W / cm2to 1 W / cm2and / or the heating element as a wire has line output of 5 W / m to 20 W / m. For example, the heating element has a heating output of 0.35 W / cm2. SAI NT-GOBAI N SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281 -WO-PCT

[0085] 13

[0086] In another preferred embodiment, the heating zone, comprising the at least one heating element, has an inner borderline with a minimum distance from the traversing hole of at least 1 mm and a maximum distance of at most 5 mm and / or an outer borderline with a minimum distance of at least 1 cm and / or with a maximum distance of at most 10 cm from the traversing hole. The heating zone in context of the invention is the region in the composite pane, wherein the heating element is located. The heating element is functionally connected to at least one power supply by suitable supply lines and connections, known in the art.

[0087] The composite pane in an embodiment of the invention is a laminated composite pane (laminated glazing), in particular a (road, especially automobile) vehicle windshield, which especially is bent, comprising an outer pane, preferably a glass sheet, with said external main face, referred to as F1 , and an opposite main face (referred to as F2) and an inner pane, preferably a glass sheet, with said internal main face, referred to as F4, on the interior side of the passenger compartment (and the opposite main face F3), the outer and inner glass sheets being connected by a lamination interlayer, made of a thermoplastic polymer material. In particular, the laminated composite pane comprises: an outer, optionally clear, extra-clear or tinted, in particular gray or green, preferably bent, glass sheet forming an exterior glazing, with first and second main faces respectively referred to as face F1 and face F2, if automotive vehicle with a thickness preferably of at most 2.5 mm, even of at most 2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1 .4 mm - or even of at most 1 .3 mm or of at most 1 mm, an optionally clear, extra-clear or tinted, in particular gray or green, lamination interlayer made of, preferably thermoplastic, polymeric material and better still made of polyvinylbutyral (PVB), preferably, if automotive vehicle, with a thickness of at most 1.8 mm, better still of at most 1 .2 mm and even of at most 0.9 mm (and better still of at least 0.3 mm and even of at least 0.6 mm), in particular set back from the edge face of the outer pane by at most 2 mm and set back from the edge face of the inner pane by at most 2 mm, the lamination interlayer optionally having a cross section which decreases in wedge shape from the top toward the bottom of the laminated glazing (in particular a windshield), the inner glass sheet, made of mineral glass, which preferably is bent and preferably is clear or extraclear, indeed even tinted, forming an interior glazing, with third and fourth main faces, if automotive vehicle with a thickness preferably less than that of the outer pane, even of at most 2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1 .6 mm and 1 .4 mm - or even of at most 1.3 mm or of at most 1 mm, the thickness of the outer and inner glass sheets preferably being strictly less than 4 mm, even than 3.7 mm. The interior and / or exterior glazing can be neutral (without coloration) or (slightly) tinted, in particular gray or green, such as the TSA glass from Saint-Gobain Glass. The interior and / or SAI NT-GOBAI N SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281 -WO-PCT

[0088] 14 exterior glazing may have undergone a chemical or heat treatment of the hardening or annealing type or a tempering (in particular for better mechanical strength) or be semitempered.

[0089] Without departing from the scope of the invention, the interlayer can, of course, comprise several sheets made of thermoplastic of different natures, for example of different hardnesses in order to provide an acoustic function, such as, for example, described in the publication US 6 132 882 A, in particular a set of PVB sheets of different hardnesses. Likewise, one of the glass sheets may be thinned with respect to the thicknesses conventionally used.

[0090] The interlayer can, according to an embodiment of the invention, exhibit a wedge shape, in particular for the purpose of an HUD (head-up display) application. Furthermore, one of the sheets of the interlayer can be tinted in its bulk. Mention may be made, as ordinary lamination interlayer, in addition to PVB, of flexible used polyurethane PU, a plasticizer-free thermoplastic, such as ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, an ionomer resin. These plastics have, for example, a thickness between 0.2 mm and 1.1 mm, in particular between 0.3 and 0.7 mm.

[0091] The lamination interlayer can comprise another functional plastic film (transparent, clear or tinted), for example a film made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) carrying an electrically conductive layer, a thermal layer, and the like; for example, PVB / functional plastic film / PVB between the faces F2 and F3.

[0092] The functional plastic film can have a thickness of between 10 and 100 pm. The functional plastic film can more broadly be made of polyamide, polyester, polyolefin (PE: polyethylene, PP: polypropylene), polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC). A clear film is preferred, in particular PET. Use may be made of, for example, a clear coated PET film, for example XI R from Eastman, a coextruded PET / PMMA film, for example of the SRF 3M®type, but also numerous other films (for example made of PC, PE, PEN, PMMA, PVC), which are visually as transparent as possible and which are not modified, in the autoclave, as regards to their surface and their consistency.

[0093] The traversing hole in a laminated composite pane is thus at least composed of:

[0094] -a first traversing hole in the outer pane, for example a glass sheet

[0095] -a second traversing hole in the lamination interlayer (single- or multisheets) and

[0096] -a third traversing hole in the inner pane, for example glass sheet. SAI NT-GOBAI N SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281 -WO-PCT

[0097] 15

[0098] The first, second and third holes have preferably the same or similar axes of symmetry and preferably have identical widths (before and especially after lamination).

[0099] The traversing hole is preferably in a peripheral zone of the composite pane, preferably at the upper longitudinal edge and / or in a peripheral central region.

[0100] The shape and the dimensions of the traversing hole are configured according to the techniques of the art so as to collect effectively and selectively all the radiation passing through the composite pane (windshield, back window, and the like), in particular, in the case of a camera, optical sensor, resulting from a solid angle range outside the vehicle and originating from the zone in front of the vehicle which is desired to be captured via the sensor and / or camera as infrared viewing system.

[0101] The traversing hole(s) can be prepared by usual mechanical methods like drilling, grinding and / or milling, etc. . Preferably, substantially cylindrical bores are produced. Drilling holes is usually done before the (glass) panes are heated (tempered or laminated).

[0102] Preferably, the diameter of the bore is not less than the thickness of the glass panes, and the distance between traversing hole and the glass edge is at least twice the thickness of the glass.

[0103] Usual methods for the production of holes in glass are waterjet, laser jet or diamond drilling.

[0104] They can for example be executed computer-controlled with a high precision in the CNC method (Computer Numerical Control). In the case of the diamond drilling, the drilling can be carried out simultaneously from both sides so that no undesirable chipping occurs at the edges of the borehole. At the point where the drills meet, a more or less large burr is formed here, which can be removed by subsequent grinding.

[0105] The composite pane according to the invention preferably includes laminated safety glass (VSG).

[0106] In another preferred embodiment, the composite pane is a windshield of a passenger car.

[0107] In one preferred embodiment, the exterior face of the insert additionally comprises a transparent hydrophobic layer. The exterior face of the insert is the face that is directed towards the environment. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0108] 16

[0109] According to the embodiment of the invention, with the hydrophobic layer on the exterior face of the insert, it is possible to keep the sensor window in the composite pane passively clear and clean for a longer period and to provide an easier active cleaning, for example by applying a cleaning liquid, like water (rain) or by use of a wiper system. Thus, the composite pane according to the embodiment can improve the reliability of collision mitigation systems by detecting pedestrians in adverse visibility conditions, particularly at night, when more than 75% of pedestrian fatalities occur. It will also be possible for example, to reduce incidences of false positive alarms, like cars automatically braking when there is no danger, creating a risk of rear-end collisions, due to moisture or debris on the sensor window.

[0110] Known agents which can be used with embodiments of the invention for imparting this hydrophobicity / oleophobicity property of the exterior surface of the insert are, for example, fluorinated alkylsilanes as described in patent applications EP 0 492 417 A2, EP 0 492 545 A2 and EP 0 672 779 A2.

[0111] The transparent hydrophobic layer according to an embodiment of the invention can in general be bonded to the insert either by chemical bonds or by physical absorption. The application on the insert can for example be done by spreading and / or spraying and / or wipe-on techniques, as well as known in the field or else, if applicable by atmospheric or vacuum plasma deposition. Depending on the hydrophobic layer, curing or crosslinking of the hydrophobic layer can be necessary. This can be done preferably by UV radiation, thermal treatment, or atmospheric humidity.

[0112] In general, the advantage of the hydrophobic / oleophobic layer of the exterior face of the insert is twofold. Firstly, it allows drops of water or of other liquid to flow on vertical or inclined composite pane easier, for example by gravity or under the effect, as the case may be, of aerodynamic forces, for example in the case of a vehicle in motion. Furthermore, these drops that flow incorporate soiling, like dust particles, and entrains it, providing for a long-lasting, optically transparent and clear sensor field (also named viewing zone or FOV or beam path of the sensor).

[0113] In one preferred embodiment of the composite pane, the hydrophobic layer is a mono- or multilayer hydrophobic coating or a hydrophobic surface structure on the exterior face of the insert, each at least transparent in the range of working wavelengths of a sensor, SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0114] 17 preferably at least transparent in the range of wavelengths A. In addition, the hydrophobic layer preferably is also transparent in the range of wavelengths B.

[0115] The hydrophobic layer, being the exterior surface to the atmosphere of the insert according to an embodiment, is preferably positioned generally flush or slightly set back with the surface F1 of the composite pane.

[0116] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, a hydrophobic coating used as hydrophobic layer has a total thickness in a range D of at least 1 nm, preferably from 1 nm to 20 pm, for example from 10 nm to 500 nm, or from 10 nm to 300 nm, or at least 20 nm, preferably from 20 nm to 20 pm.

[0117] Furthermore, according to an embodiment, the material of the insert and / or the hydrophobic layer is transparent and exhibits an infrared optical transmission of at least 50% and better still of at least 60%, 65% or 70% in the range A, in particular a variation in infrared optical transmission of at most 5% or 3% or 2% (flat spectrum) in the range A.

[0118] Furthermore, the invention relates to an optical sensor arrangement device comprising:

[0119] - the composite pane according to the invention as described above in its different embodiments,

[0120] - at least one optical sensor, preferably at least one thermal camera for infrared viewing at said range of wavelengths A, positioned in the passenger compartment behind the composite pane so as to send and / or receive radiation passing through the insert.

[0121] The optical sensor, for example a thermal camera, is preferably placed in an encapsulation (housing) and a sensor applied in the encapsulation is affixed to the surface of the composite pane in the viewing field of the optically transparent sensor field. The encapsulation protects the sensor from contaminant particles and dust particles as well as undesired incidence of light. The encapsulation is preferably arranged in the upper region of the composite pane, preferably not more than 30% of the height of the composite pane away from the top (upper edge in mounted position). The encapsulation contains preferably a polymer, particularly preferably polybutylene terephthalate, polyamides, polycarbonate, polyurethanes, polybutylene, polypropylene, SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0122] 18 polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl alcohol, polyimides, polyesters, poly-ketones, polyether ether ketones, polymethyl methacrylate, mixtures, block polymers, and / or copolymers thereof.

[0123] The housing (encapsulation) is preferably bonded to internal main face F4 of the inner pane of the composite pane via an optical transparent adhesive, particularly preferably acrylate adhesives, methyl methacrylate adhesives, cyanoacrylate adhesives, polyepoxides, silicone adhesives, and / or silane crosslinking polymer adhesives, mixtures and / or copolymers thereof.

[0124] The encapsulation is preferably applied in the upper region of the composite pane, preferably behind a masking strip.

[0125] The optical sensor arrangement device in a preferred embodiment comprises at least one temperature sensor and / or a control unit, functionally connected to the heating element, for example the bord computer of a vehicle, for controlling and / or adjusting the heating element.

[0126] The composite pane of the invention in a preferred embodiment has an optical sensor window module formed in a peripheral zone, by a traversing hole between the internal main face (F4) and the external main face (F1), comprising an insert made of material having a crystalline structure having an exterior face, providing hydrophobic, water- repellent properties by the hydrophobic layer thereon. This hydrophobic layer thereby also preferably provides dirt repellent and / or self-cleaning functionality, as the surface shows a non-wettability character (water-repellent), this also implying dust-resistance and anti-fog properties, as well as at least adhered dirt or dust can be easily washed off the surface, for example by rain or a cleaning liquid applied thereon.

[0127] In the description, like reference characters designate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views shown in the figures. It is also understood that, unless otherwise specified, terms such as “top,” “bottom,” “outward,” “inward,” and the like are words of convenience and are not to be construed as limiting terms. In addition, whenever a group is described as comprising at least one of a group of elements and combinations thereof, it is understood that the group may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of any number of those elements recited, either individually or in SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0128] 19 combination with each other. Similarly, whenever a group is described as consisting of at least one of a group of elements or combinations thereof, it is understood that the group may consist of any number of those elements recited, either individually or in combination with each other. Unless otherwise specified, a range of values, when recited, includes both the upper and lower limits of the range. As used herein, the indefinite articles “a,” “an,” and the corresponding definite article “the” means “at least one” or “one or more,” unless otherwise specified.

[0129] Certain advantageous, but nonlimiting embodiments of the present invention are described below in examples and figures, which can, of course, be combined with one another, if appropriate.

[0130] To compare the de-icing performances of a glass part, which is, according to the invention, to be replaced with an insert made of crystalline material, and the crystalline ZnS and Germanium inserts used with embodiments of the invention, a computer simulation of a de-icing test has been performed each as examples and comparative examples. The boundary conditions are the following:

[0131] • 440g / m2of ice on the insert surface

[0132] • Temperature -20°C

[0133] This is a typical OEM scenario for checking the de-icing time of a sensor window, for example for use with an ADAS camera. The de-icing time should generally not exceed 10-12 minutes.

[0134] As the replacement part (insert) of the sensor window is made of different materials like Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) or Germanium (Ge), which have a much better thermal conductivity compared to glass, the heating performance according to the invention is significantly improved.

[0135] The simulation with a 41 mm diameter of the crystalline insert show that full de-icing of the surface is achieved after 9:00 minutes for Germanium and 09:30 minutes for ZnS. The simulation showed that if the replacement part would be made of glass, it would take approx.14:30 minutes for the de-icing of the sensor window, which is significantly longer. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0136] 20

[0137] The conditions and results of the examples according to the invention and comparison examples.

[0138] Table 1 Computer Simulation Results

[0139] The simulation with a 41 mm diameter of a ZnS crystal insert show that full de-icing of the surface is achieved after 9:00 minutes, with a Germanium crystal insert after 9:30 minutes. If the insert would be made of glass, it would take approx.14:30 minutes for the de-icing of the sensor window, which is significantly longer.

[0140] If the diameter of the insert of the sensor window module is decreased to 31 mm, the de-icing time for Ge and ZnS decreases by approximately 2 minutes. With this configuration, also a more challenging de-icing requirement of an OEM of less than 9 minutes would be fulfilled.

[0141] The results of the computer simulation also show that advantageously less power consumption is needed while being more effective at the same time. However, for applying a usual 12 V on-board voltage of a vehicle (car batterie) as a power source, additional resistance can be provided to avoid an overheating.

[0142] Additionally, the total performance of an optical sensor arrangement device of the invention in comparison to a conventional sensor arrangement device with a composite pane having a defined viewing zone (beam path) which might be heatable, but the viewing zone of the composite pane is not replaced by an optical sensor window module, is significantly improved. The advantage of the invention is two-fold in respect SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0143] 21 to the quality of the data detection and measurement. On the one hand, the transmission for the electromagnetic wavelength of the sensor is improved by using the insert having a sensor-adapted transparency and additionally the insert shows an improved heatability (thermal conductivity) in comparison to the composite pane material.

[0144] In the following, the invention is explained in detail with reference to drawings. The drawings in no way restrict the invention.

[0145] They depict:

[0146] FIG. 1 a top view of the composite pane comprising an optical sensor window module according to an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2a an enlarged section Z of Figure 1 ,

[0147] FIG.2b an embodiment of a configuration of a heating element in FIG 2a.

[0148] FIG. 3a, 3b a cross-section X-X’ of the composite pane of Fig.1 and optical sensor arrangement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0149] Figure 1 shows a top view of a composite pane 100, preferably a windshield, according to an embodiment of the invention comprising an optical sensor window module 10, with an insert 2 and a frame-like holder part 4. The heating element 5 is provided in a heating zone H adjacent to and surrounding the insert 2, being or at least comprising the area of the composite pane that supplies a sensor, for example a camera 7 (for example depicted in FIG. 3a) with the appropriate optical and electromagnetic data or signals. The insert 2, in other words the sensor window (beam path, FOV Field of View), according to the invention, has a high transmission for the appropriate optical and electromagnetic signals in the working wavelengths of the sensor(s) or camera(s) 7, at least in the infrared spectrum above 3 pm. In the shown embodiment, the optical sensor window module 10 with the insert 2 and the frame-like holder part 4 is located at the upper edge R (roof side) of the composite pane 100 directed to the roof of a vehicle in the embodiment, in an area with an enlarged opaque area, for example a black print masking strip 8, masking the sensor 7 and a respective housing to the exterior to provide for an aesthetic appearance of the composite pane 100. The terms “roof side” R and “motor side” M refer to the top (R) and bottom edge (M) in an embodiment of the shown composite pane 100 as windshield mounted in a vehicle. The masking print 8, also covers the heating zone H comprising the at least one heating SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0150] 22 element 5 improving the optical appearance of the composite pane. However, the optical sensor window module 10 can also be positioned in another region of a windshield, or even in another glazing of a vehicle. With the heating element 5, located adjacent to the insert 2 being the sensor window and beam path B (shown in Fig.3a) an improved de-icing and defogging function can be achieved. The heating element 5 is functionally connected to a power supply (not shown). Additionally, the heating element 5 can be functionally connected to at least one sensor (not shown), for example temperature or moisture sensor and / or to a control unit (not shown), for example the bord computer of a vehicle to control, regulate and / or adjust the heating element based on the data detected. The composite pane 100 of the invention can preferably be used as a windshield, but the composite pane 100 can also be a side or rear window of a vehicle. The heating element 5 can be provided, for example, as electrically conductive film on the external main face F1 directed to the exterior side 11 of a vehicle and / or on the internal main face F4 directed to an interior space 12, like a passenger compartment. The heating element 5 can be a “heating film” being a polymer film that is coated with an electrically heatable coating, which is then preferably arranged on the internal face F2 of the outer pane 1a and / or external face F3 of the inner pane 1b, i.e. within the composite pane 100, not exposed to the atmosphere. The heating element 5 can also be a polymer film (foil) onto which conductor tracks made of a metallic material are applied, such heating film preferably arranged on the internal main face F4 of the composite pane 100.

[0151] Figure 2a shows a plan view of the enlarged area Z of the composite pane 100 according to an embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1. In the shown embodiment, the traversing hole with the included and mounted optical sensor window module 10 comprising the insert 2 and the frame-like holder part 4 and the heating zone H comprising the heating element 5. The heating zone H is defined between an inner Borderline B1 directed to the insert 2 and an outer borderline B2 each shown as dashed line. The heating element 5 (not shown in this figure) can for example be a coating on the internal face or external face of the composite pane, for example an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) coating, or a coating containing silver or a silver alloy, gold, tungsten, a graphite-containing coating or graphene in form of a ring, completely surrounding the insert 2. The optical sensor window module 10 is located in the middle, upper edge R (top edge, roof edge) of the composite pane 100, preferably a windshield, for example of a passenger car. The heating element 5 is functionally SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0152] 23 connected to a power supply (not shown) in a usual manner, for example to the vehicle batterie.

[0153] Fig. 2b shows as detailed view of one embodiment of the heating zone H and heating element 5 being a single wire or conductive line arranged surrounding the optical sensor window module in a wave-shaped or meander-shaped manner. The frame-like holder part 4 preferably has a maximum radial thickness D of at most 5 mm. The shown one electrically conductive metallic wire can be arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane, preferably made of silver, copper or tungsten or alloys containing said metals. At least one electrically conductive metallic wire, for example can be printed on the internal face (F2) of the outer pane or on the external face (F3) of the inner pane or on a surface of least one thermoplastic intermediate layer or an electrically conductive metallic wire is arranged between two of at least two thermoplastic intermediate layers and is embedded therein during the usual lamination process to form a composite pane. Supply lines (tracks) 6 can connect the heating element 5 to a power supply. The heating element 5 can also be functionally connected to a temperature sensor and / or a control unit, like a bord computer of a vehicle.

[0154] FIG. 3a shows a cross-sectional view of a composite pane 100 in one embodiment of the invention, in an optical sensor arrangement device 200. In a preferred embodiment, the composite pane 100 (laminated glazing) is a vehicle windshield, comprising an outer pane 1 a, preferably a glass sheet, with said external main face, referred to as F1 , and an opposite main face (referred to as F2) and an inner pane 1 b, preferably a glass sheet, with said internal main face, referred to as F4, on the interior side of the passenger compartment (and the opposite main face F3), the outer and inner glass sheets 1a, 1 b being connected by a lamination interlayer 3, made of a thermoplastic polymer material. On the external main face F1 , or preferably on F2 (as shown in Fig 3a), and / or on face F3 or F4, preferably an opaque coating, for example a black masking print 8, such as a layer of black lacquer or enamel, is applied over the entire surface of the composite pane 100 positioned facing the device 200 incorporating the thermal camera 7 as optical sensor (thus, over the entire circumference of the traversing hole), including its housing so as to hide the latter. The housing (not shown) can be adhesively bonded to the internal main face F4 by an adhesive and for example to the roof of the vehicle. The housing for example can be made of plastic, metal, and the like. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0155] 24

[0156] The opaque layer as masking print 8 can extend beyond the peripheral zone of the optical sensor window module 10. Optionally, the (side) extension of the opaque layer 8 forming a strip along the upper edge of the traversing hole in order for the windshield to have an opaque (black) strip along the upper longitudinal edge, indeed even an opaque (black) frame over the whole of the periphery.

[0157] In the peripheral zone opposite the camera 7, the composite pane 100 comprises a traversing hole between the internal main face F4 and the external main face F1 which hole is delimited by a side wall of the composite pane (glass 1a / PVB 3 / glass 1 b). In said traversing hole, an optical sensor window module 10 according to an embodiment of the invention is included and fixed, comprising an insert 2 made of a material having a crystalline structure, which is at least transparent in a range A of wavelengths in the infrared spectrum, above 3 pm, and a frame-like holder part 4. In a preferred embodiment, the insert 2 is made of Zinc Sulfide or Germanium. The optical sensor window module 10 can be fixed to the side wall of the traversing hole, for example via an adhesive connection or press-fit. Advantageously, the sensor window formed by the traversing hole between the internal main face F4 and the external main face F1 , comprising the optical sensor window module 10 with the insert 2 made of crystalline material and the frame-like holder part 4 providing a heating element 5, is significantly improved. The heating element 5 in this embodiment can be an electrically conductive and thus heatable coating or an electrically heatable film, arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane. A heating film can also be arranged as heating element 5 on the surfaces on the outer or inner pane 1a, 1b, which are exposed to the atmosphere (F1 , F4). The heatable coating can be made of material in principle known by the person skilled in the art. For example, the electrically heatable coating can be an indium tin oxide (ITO) coating, a coating containing silver or a silver-containing alloy, a coating containing gold, aluminum, tungsten or copper, a graphite-containing coating or graphene.

[0158] The insert 2 preferably has a given thickness E0 preferably of less than or equal to 10 mm, in particular between 3 mm and 6 mm, for example between 4 mm and 5 mm. Preferably, the thickness E0 of the insert 2 is adapted to the thickness of the composite pane 100 and is positioned generally flush or slightly set back to the surfaces F1 and F4. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0159] 25

[0160] The insert 2 in a preferred embodiment has an exterior face and an interior face and a hydrophobic layer (not shown) on the exterior face exposed to the atmosphere and optionally on the interior face of the insert directed to the sensor 7 in the housing. The hydrophobic modification of the exterior surface of the insert 2 provides for an improved cleanability.

[0161] It is possible to add at least another optical sensor, for example, an additional camera which is optical recovering the light rays after crossing the insert 2 or simply to add optical sensors detecting in the wavelength range B.

[0162] Figure 3b shows a cross-section of the composite pane 100 in another preferred embodiment of the one shown in figure 1 , wherein the heating element 5 is a conductive line or wire, for example as described and shown in Figure 2b.

[0163] In all embodiments, the heating element 5 is located adjacent to the insert 2 and due to the close position, provides an efficient and reliable defogging and de-icing functionality. Advantageously, with the features of the invention, it is possible to provide an improved composite pane comprising an improved optical sensor window module 10, with both optimized transmission for detection of data and additionally providing for an improved and faster defrosting and defogging function to optimize reliability and accuracy of the detection by a sensor arrangement, especially in cold and moist weather conditions. The heating performance according to the invention is significantly improved due to the synergistic effect of the insert material showing an improved thermal conductivity compared to the thermal conductivity of the replaced usual glazing material, in combination with a heating element provided in a heating zone adjacent to the optical sensor window module. It will also be possible for example, to reduce incidences of false positive alarms, like cars automatically braking when there is no danger, creating a risk of rear-end collisions, due to moisture or ice on the sensor window. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT

[0164] 26

[0165] List of reference numbers

[0166] 100 composite pane

[0167] 10 optical sensor window module

[0168] 1a, 1b outer pane, inner pane

[0169] 2 insert

[0170] 3 thermoplastic interlayer

[0171] 4 frame-like holder part (carrier ring, mounting ring)

[0172] 5 heating element

[0173] 6 electrical supply lines (tracks)

[0174] 7 optical sensor, for example thermal camera

[0175] 8 opaque masking print

[0176] 11 exterior side (of a vehicle)

[0177] 12 compartment side (of a vehicle)

[0178] 200 optical sensor arrangement device

[0179] B beam path of optical sensor (depicted as dashed arrows) B1 inner borderline of the heating zone H

[0180] B2 outer borderline of the heating zone H

[0181] D maximum radial thickness

[0182] E0 given thickness of the insert

[0183] H heating zone

[0184] M motor side of the composite pane

[0185] R roof side of the composite pane

[0186] 200 optical sensor arrangement device

[0187] F1 external main face of the outer pane

[0188] F2 internal face of the outer pane

[0189] F3 external face of the inner pane

[0190] F4 internal main face of the inner pane

Claims

SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT27Claims1. A composite pane (100), in particular vehicle glazing, with an optical sensor window module (10), comprising an outer pane (1a) with an external main face (F1) and an internal face (F2) and an inner pane (1 b) with an external face (F3) and an internal main face (F4), which are joined to one another via at least one intermediate layer (3), wherein the optical sensor window module (10) is arranged in a traversing hole between the internal main face (F4) of the inner pane (1 b) and the external main face (F1) of the outer pane (1 a), which traversing hole is delimited by a side wall of the composite pane (100), wherein the optical sensor window module (10) comprises a frame-like holder part (4) which is at least fixed to the side wall of the composite pane (100), and an insert (2) made of material having a crystalline structure, which is at least transparent in a sensor-adapted range of wavelengths, at least in a range of wavelengths A in the infrared spectrum above 3 pm, wherein the insert (2) is fixed within the traversing hole by the frame-like holder part (4), and a heating zone (H) is defined in a region surrounding the optical sensor window module (10) and at least one heating element (5) is arranged within the heating zone (H) and integrated between the outer pane (1a) and inner pane (1 b) and / or on the external main face (F1) of the outer pane (1 a) and / or on the internal main face (F4) of the inner pane (1 b).

2. The composite pane (100) according to claim 1 , wherein the range of wavelengths A extends at least from 4 pm to 14 pm, preferably at least from 5 pm to 12 pm.

3. The composite pane (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material having a crystalline structure of the insert (2) exhibits an infrared optical transmission of at least 25%, preferably of at least 50%, in said range A.

4. The composite pane (100) according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the material having a crystalline structure of the insert (2) is chosen from: a zinc compound comprising selenium and / or sulfur, or a compound comprising barium fluoride, or diamond, sapphire (AI2O3), germanium (Ge) or silicon (Si) or a material compound comprising the same.SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT285. The composite pane (100) according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, wherein the material having a crystalline structure of the insert (2) is chosen from zinc sulfide (ZnS) or germanium (Ge).

6. The composite pane (100) according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, wherein the insert (2) has a maximum diameter of 45 mm or less.

7. The composite pane (100) according to any one of the claims 1 to 6, wherein the material having a crystalline structure of the insert (2) is chosen from zinc sulfide (ZnS) or germanium (Ge) and wherein the insert (2) has a maximum diameter of 45 mm or less.

8. The composite pane (100) according to any one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one heating element (5) is a heating film or the at least one heating element (5) is an electrically conductive coating arranged between the outer pane (1 a) and the inner pane (1 b).

9. The composite pane (100) according to claim 8, wherein the at least one heating element (5) is an electrically conductive coating chosen from: an indium tin oxide (ITO) coating, a coating containing silver or a silver-containing alloy, a coating containing gold, aluminum, tungsten or copper, a graphite-containing coating or graphene.

10. The composite pane (100) according to any one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one heating element (5) is at least one electrically conductive metallic wire arranged between the outer pane (1a) and the inner pane (1 b), preferably made of silver, copper or tungsten or alloys containing said metals.

11. The composite pane (100) according to claim 10, wherein the at least one heating element (5) is at least one electrically conductive metallic wire printed on the internal face (F2) of the outer pane (1 a) or on the external face (F3) of the inner pane (1 b) or on a surface of least one intermediate layer (3) or the at least one electrically conductive metallic wire is arranged between two of at least two intermediate layers (3).SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2024281-WO-PCT2912. The composite pane (100) according to any one of the claims 1 to 11 , wherein the heating zone (H) comprising the at least one heating element (5) has an inner borderline (B1) with a minimum distance from the traversing hole of at least 1 mm and a maximum distance of at most 5 mm and an outer borderline (B2) with a minimum distance of at least 1 cm and a maximum distance of at most 10 cm from the traversing hole.

13. The composite pane (100) according to any one of the claims 1 to 12, wherein the insert (2) has an exterior face which comprises a transparent hydrophobic layer.

14. An optical sensor arrangement device (200), characterized in that it comprises: the composite pane (100) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, at least one optical sensor (7), preferably at least one thermal camera for infrared viewing at said range of wavelengths A, positioned in the passenger compartment behind the composite pane (100) so as to send and / or receive radiation after passing through the insert (2).

15. The optical sensor arrangement device (200) according to claim 14, further comprising at least one temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the composite pane (100) in the heating zone (H) and / or of the insert (2) and / or a control unit for controlling and / or adjusting the at least one heating element (5).

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