An actuator and an industrial robot
The actuator with a cycloidal speed reducer and position sensor enhances torque output and precision in industrial robots, overcoming the limitations of harmonic gearing for high-load applications.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-26
AI Technical Summary
Conventional actuators in multi-axis industrial robots, particularly those using harmonic gearing, have limited peak output torque, which is insufficient for high-load applications, and increasing torque results in increased size and cost.
The actuator incorporates a cycloidal speed reducer and a position sensor, with a feedback shaft connecting the cycloidal speed reducer to the position sensor, ensuring compact size and high torque output while maintaining precise rotation position sensing.
The solution provides larger output torque and precise rotation position sensing, addressing the limitations of harmonic gearing while maintaining a compact design, suitable for high-load applications.
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Figure CN2024119768_26032026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
AN ACTUATOR AND AN INDUSTRIAL ROBOTFIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to an industrial robot, and more specifically, an actuator for constituting a joint.BACKGROUND
[0002] Multi-axis industrial robots are widely used in various industry fields. An industrial robot typically comprises a manipulator formed by a plurality of joints each of which includes one or more actuators and a plurality of structural arms connecting the adjacent joints. Conventionally, a joint is constituted by a strain wave gearing or a harmonic gearing. A peak output torque of an actuator formed by the harmonic gearing, however, is limited, which does not meet requirements in high load applications. There is a need to improve the actuator with a larger output torque.SUMMARY
[0003] Example embodiments of the present disclosure provide an actuator and an industrial robot comprising the same which mitigates or obviates one or more above mentioned problems.
[0004] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an actuator. The actuator comprises a motor comprising a shaft; a cycloidal speed reducer located on a first side of the motor and comprising an input and an output, the input being fixed to the shaft of the motor and driven by the motor; and a position sensor located on a second side of the motor opposite to the first side and configured to sense rotation position of the output of the cycloidal speed reducer.
[0005] According to the present disclosure, larger output torque can be provided while ensuring compact size of the actuator. With the provision of the position sensor, the rotation position of the output of the cycloidal speed reducer can be reliably sensed.
[0006] In some embodiments, a rotor of the position sensor may be provided on a feedback shaft, the shaft of the motor is hollow and defines an inner path for passage of the feedback shaft, and the feedback shaft is configured to pass through the shaft of the motor from the second side along the inner path and is fixed to the output of the cycloidal speed reducer on the first side.
[0007] In some embodiments, the actuator may further comprise an end housing configured to be fixed to the motor on the second side of the motor and defining an inner chamber for housing the position sensor.
[0008] In some embodiments, a stator of the position sensor may be fixed on the end housing.
[0009] In some embodiments, the end housing may further comprise an axial flange; the feedback shaft is rotatably supported by the axial flange via a bearing arranged within an axial opening defined by the axial flange) ; and an outer ring of the bearing is attached to an inner surface of the axial flange and an inner ring of the bearing is attached to an outer surface of the feedback shaft.
[0010] In some embodiments, a seal may be arranged around the feedback shaft within the hollow shaft of the motor to prevent a lubricate in a lubricate chamber in the cycloidal speed reducer from leaking via the hollow shaft of the motor.
[0011] In some embodiments, the seal may be rotatable with respect to the feedback shaft and comprises a lip abutting against an outer surface of the feedback shaft.
[0012] In some embodiments, the actuator may further comprise an adaptor arranged between the motor and the cycloidal speed reducer, and the adaptor comprises a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the first end comprising a first connection interface for receiving the motor and a second interface for receiving the cycloidal speed reducer.
[0013] In some embodiments, the adaptor may comprise a cylindrical body defining an inner chamber and comprising two openings on its opposite ends; a first flange extending from the cylindrical body at the first end, the first connection interface provided on the first flange; and a second flange from the cylindrical body at the second end, the second connection interface provided on the second flange.
[0014] In some embodiments, the adaptor may further comprise a third connection interface configured to be fixed to a joint casing of an industrial robot.
[0015] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an industrial robot. It comprises at least one joint, the joint comprising the actuator according to any of the first aspect of the present disclosure.
[0016] It would be appreciated that this summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become evident through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Through the following detailed descriptions with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other objectives, features and advantages of the example embodiments disclosed herein will become more comprehensible. In the drawings, several example embodiments disclosed herein will be illustrated in an example and in a non-limiting manner, wherein:
[0018] Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of an actuator according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0019] Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an actuator according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0020] Fig. 3 is a section view of the actuator shown in Fig. 1 according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0021] Fig. 4 is partial enlarged view of the actuator shown in Fig. 3 according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0022] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference symbols are used to indicate the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0023] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to several example embodiments shown in the drawings. Though example embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated in the drawings, it is to be understood that the embodiments are described only to facilitate those skilled in the art in better understanding and thereby achieving the present disclosure, rather than to limit the scope of the disclosure in any manner.
[0024] The term “comprises” or “includes” and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean “includes, but is not limited to. ” The term “or” is to be read as “and / or” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ” The term “being operable to” is to mean a function, an action, a motion or a state that can be achieved by an operation induced by a user or an external mechanism. The term “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment. ” The term “another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment. ” The terms “first, ” “second, ” and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below. A definition of a term is consistent throughout the description unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0025] An industrial robot typically comprises a manipulator. The manipulator is formed by a plurality of joints and a plurality of structural arms connecting the adjacent joints. The industrial robot may include different number of axis, for example, four, five, six, seven or more. Due to compactness and lower costs, actuators are becoming widely used in industrial robots and are used to form a joint. It is to be understood that the industrial robot is merely an exemplary application and the actuator may be used in many other applications.
[0026] Typically, a strain wave gearing is widely used for constituting the joint. However, a peak output torque of a strain wave gearing is small and cannot meet requirements of many applications. When a larger peak output torque is provided, costs of the strain wave gearing is dramatically increased and the size of the actuator is also increased, which is not desired in many applications. According to the present disclosure, there is proposed a novel actuator including a cycloidal speed reducer, in place of the strain wave gearing, which can increase an output torque of the actuator while ensuring compact size of the actuator.
[0027] Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of an actuator 1 according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure, and Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the actuator according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 is a section view of the actuator shown in Fig. 1 according to one example embodiment of the present disclosure; and Fig. 4 is partial enlarged view of the actuator shown in Fig. 3.
[0028] As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the actuator 1 comprises a motor 10, a cycloidal speed reducer 20, and a position sensor 30. The motor includes a shaft 12 (referring to Figs. 3 and 4) rotatable along its axial direction. The motor has a first side 11 and a second side 13 opposite to the first side 11 along the axial direction. The cycloidal speed reducer 20 is located on the first side 11 of the motor 10. The position sensor 30 is located on the second side 13 of the motor 10 opposite to the first side 11.
[0029] The cycloidal speed reducer 20 typically includes an input 22, a cycloidal disc including a plurality of teeth, a housing comprising a plurality of pins, and an output shaft including a plurality of rollers. Any of the housing and the output shaft can be connected to loads and is thus also called “output” (labelled as 24 in Fig. 2) . The input 22 is fixed to the shaft of the motor 10. The rotation of the input 22 drives the cycloidal disc to rotate, the teeth of the cycloidal disc sequentially engage with pins on the housing and the rollers on output shaft. The loads connected to the output 24 in turn rotates. The cycloidal speed reducer is of relatively high ratios in compact sizes with very low backlash.
[0030] The position sensor 30 may include a stator 32 and a rotor 34 opposite to the stator. The position sensor 30 is configured to sense rotation position of the output 24 of the cycloidal speed reducer 20. With the provision of the position sensor 30, the rotation position of the output 24 can be obtained. Even if an accuracy of the cycloidal speed reducer degrades in particular after long service life, the rotation position of the output 24 can be precisely determined.
[0031] In some embodiments, as shown in Figs. 2-4, the position sensor 30 may be provided on a feedback shaft 38. The feedback shaft 38 is provided for feeding the rotation of the output 24 back to the position sensor 30. The shaft 12 of the motor 10 may be hollow. The shaft 12 thus defines an inner path for passage of a feedback shaft 38. One end of the feedback shaft 38 may be fixed to the output 24 of the cycloidal speed reducer 20. The other end of the feedback shaft 38 feeds the rotation of the output 24 back to the position sensor 30. During operation of the actuator, as the motor 10 operates, the feedback shaft 38 rotates as the output 24 rotates. Thus, the position sensor 30 can sense the rotation position of the output 24.
[0032] In some embodiments, as shown in Figs. 1-4, the actuator may further compriseg an end housing 50. The end housing 50 may be provided on the second side 13 of the motor and defines an inner chamber for housing the position sensor 30. As shown in Fig. 1, the end housing 50 may be formed as a top hat shape and may be fixed to a connection interface of the motor 10 via a screw fastener 15. The stator 32 of the position sensor 30 may be fixed on the end housing 50.
[0033] In some embodiments, the feedback shaft 38 may also be rotatably supported by the end housing 50. As shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the end housing 50 further comprises an axial flange 52. The axial flange 52 may define an axial opening. The feedback shaft 38 is supported by the axial flange 52 of the end housing 50 via a bearing 31 arranged within the axial opening. An outer ring of the bearing 31 is attached to an inner surface of the axial flange 52 o and an inner ring of the bearing 31 is attached to an outer surface of the feedback shaft 38.
[0034] In some embodiments, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, a seal 36 may be arranged around the feedback shaft 38 within the hollow shaft 12 of the motor 10. The seal is configured to prevent a lubricate in a lubricate chamber in the cycloidal speed reducer 20 from leaking via the hollow shaft 12 of the motor 10 into the inner chamber of the end housing 50. In some embodiments, the seal 36 may be rotatable with respect to the feedback shaft 38 and comprises a lip abutting against an outer surface of the feedback shaft 38. It is to be understood that the seal 36 may be of various forms as long as the seal 36 can prevent leakage of the lubricant.
[0035] In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 1, the actuator 1 may further comprise an adaptor 40 arranged between the motor 10 and the cycloidal speed reducer 20. The adapter 40 may provide connection interfaces for connecting the motor 10 and the cycloidal speed reducer 20. The adaptor 40 may comprise a first end and a second end opposite to the first end. The first end has a first connection interface for receiving the cycloidal speed reducer 20. The second end has a second interface for receiving the motor 10.
[0036] In some embodiments, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the adaptor 40 may comprises a cylindrical body 42, a first flange 44, and a second flange 46. The cylindrical body 42 defines an inner chamber and comprises two openings on its opposite ends. The first flange 44 extends, for example, radially and outwardly, from the cylindrical body 42 at the first end. The first connection interface may be provided on the first flange 42. The second flange 46 extends, for example, radially and inwardly, from the cylindrical body 42 at the second end. The second connection interface is provided on the second flange 46.
[0037] In some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 1, the adaptor 40 may further comprise a third connection interface 45. Via the third connection interface 45, the actuator 1 may be fixed to a joint casing of an industrial robot. In the shown example, the third connection interface 45 is in form of a flange. It is to be understood that the third connection interface 45 may be of any other proper forms.
[0038] According to the present disclosure, there is proposed an industrial robot comprising the at least one joint. The joint may comprise the actuator according to the present disclosure.
[0039] The description of the various embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application or technical improvement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims
1.An actuator, comprisinga motor (10) comprising a shaft (12) ;a cycloidal speed reducer (20) located on a first side of the motor (10) and comprising an input (22) and an output (24) , the input (22) being fixed to the shaft (12) of the motor (10) and driven by the motor (10) ; anda position sensor (30) located on a second side of the motor (10) opposite to the first side and configured to sense rotation position of the output (24) of the cycloidal speed reducer (20) .2.The actuator of claim 1, whereina rotor (34) of the position sensor (30) is provided on a feedback shaft (38) , andthe shaft (12) of the motor (10) is hollow and defines an inner path for passage of the feedback shaft (38) , andthe feedback shaft (38) is configured to pass through the shaft (12) of the motor (10) from the second side along the inner path and is fixed to the output (24) of the cycloidal speed reducer (20) on the first side.3.The actuator of any of the preceding claims, further comprising an end housing (50) configured to be fixed to the motor (10) on the second side of the motor (10) and defining an inner chamber for housing the position sensor (30) .4.The actuator of claim 3, wherein a stator (32) of the position sensor (30) is fixed on the end housing (50) .5.The actuator of claim 3 or 4, whereinthe end housing (50) further comprises an axial flange (52) ;the feedback shaft (38) is rotatably supported by the axial flange (52) via a bearing (31) arranged within an axial opening defined by the axial flange (52) ; andan outer ring of the bearing (31) is attached to an inner surface of the axial flange (52) and an inner ring of the bearing (31) is attached to an outer surface of the feedback shaft (38) .6.The actuator of any of claims 2-5, wherein a seal (36) is arranged around the feedback shaft (38) within the hollow shaft (12) of the motor (10) to prevent a lubricate in a lubricate chamber in the cycloidal speed reducer (20) from leaking via the hollow shaft (12) of the motor (10) .7.The actuator of claim 6, wherein the seal (36) is rotatable with respect to the feedback shaft (38) and comprises a lip abutting against an outer surface of the feedback shaft (38) .8.The actuator of any of the preceding claims, further comprising an adaptor (40) arranged between the motor (10) and the cycloidal speed reducer (20) ,wherein the adaptor (40) comprises a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the first end comprising a first connection interface for receiving the cycloidal speed reducer (20) and a second interface for receiving the motor (10) .9.The actuator of claim 8, wherein the adaptor (40) comprisesa cylindrical body (42) defining an inner chamber and comprising two openings on its opposite ends;a first flange (44) extending from the cylindrical body (42) at the first end, the first connection interface provided on the first flange (44) ; anda second flange (46) from the cylindrical body at the second end, the second connection interface provided on the second flange (46) .10.The actuator of claim 8, wherein the adaptor (40) further comprises a third connection interface (45) configured to be fixed to a joint casing of an industrial robot.11.An industrial robot comprising at least one joint, the joint comprising the actuator according to any of the claims 1-10.
Citation Information
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