Energy storage apparatus

Abstract

Provided in the present application is an energy storage apparatus, comprising a housing, a battery module, and a first fire-extinguishing device, wherein a battery compartment is formed in the housing, and is configured to contain a heat exchange liquid therein; the battery module is mounted in the battery compartment, and is immersed in the heat exchange liquid; and the first fire-extinguishing device is mounted in the battery compartment and is located above the liquid level of the heat exchange liquid.

Description

Energy storage device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202422322265.5, filed on September 23, 2024, to the Chinese Patent Office, the content of the above application being incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage device. BACKGROUND

[0003] The immersion liquid cooling thermal management technology greatly improves the safety of the immersion energy storage device by inhibiting thermal runaway and thermal spread of the battery module in the battery cabin. SUMMARY

[0004] However, when the immersion energy storage device is working, there is still a possibility of fire in the battery cabin. When a fire occurs in the electrical cabin, the heat exchange liquid in the electrical cabin cannot extinguish the fire source in time, which will lead to the spread of the fire.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an energy storage device. The energy storage device comprises:

[0006] a shell, which forms a battery cabin, the battery cabin being configured to contain heat exchange liquid;

[0007] a battery module, which is installed in the battery cabin and is immersed in the heat exchange liquid;

[0008] a first fire extinguishing device, which is installed in the battery cabin and is above the liquid level of the heat exchange liquid. ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS

[0009] The energy storage device provided by the present application greatly enhances the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module by immersing the battery module in the heat exchange liquid. The heat exchange liquid acts as a heat conduction medium and can quickly absorb the heat generated during the operation of the battery module, thereby effectively preventing the battery module from overheating, prolonging the service life of the battery module, and improving the stability of the energy storage device. The heat exchange liquid not only plays a role in heat dissipation, but also acts as a physical barrier to a certain extent, isolating the battery module from direct contact with the external environment, reducing the safety accidents of the battery module caused by external environmental changes (such as impact, short circuit, etc.). The first fire extinguishing device is installed in the battery cabin and is positioned above the liquid level of the heat exchange liquid. When the battery module is in thermal runaway and a fire occurs, the first fire extinguishing device can be quickly activated to release fire extinguishing agent and directly act on the fire source, thereby timely and effectively containing the spread of the fire. In addition, the first fire extinguishing device and the battery module are integrated in the same battery cabin, which makes the structure of the energy storage device compact, on the one hand improving the space utilization rate, and on the other hand facilitating the installation and transportation of the energy storage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] Fig. 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided by possible implementation manners of the present application;

[0011] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery module shown in Fig. 1 immersed in heat exchange liquid;

[0012] Fig. 3 is a sectional schematic diagram of the energy storage device shown in Fig. 1;

[0013] Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram at A in Fig. 3;

[0014] Fig. 5 is a top schematic diagram of the energy storage device shown in Fig. 1.

[0015] Explanation of reference signs:

[0016] 10, energy storage device;

[0017] 1, shell, 11, battery cabin, 12, electrical cabin, 2, battery module, 3, first fire extinguishing device, 4, first detector, 5, electrical unit, 6, second fire extinguishing device, 7, power module, 8, second detector, 9, audible and visual alarm, 101, balance valve, 102, explosion venting plate;

[0018] 20, heat exchange liquid;

[0019] 30, controller. Embodiment of the present application

[0020] In the description of the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or can be integrated; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or can include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "above" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, and the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "below" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, and the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0022] In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and the like orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0023] Referring to FIGS. 1-3, the energy storage device 10 includes a housing 1, a battery module 2, and a first fire extinguishing device 3. The housing 1 forms a battery compartment 11 configured to contain a heat exchange liquid 20. The battery module 2 is installed in the battery compartment 11 and is immersed in the heat exchange liquid 20. The first fire extinguishing device 3 is installed in the battery compartment 11 and is located above the liquid level of the heat exchange liquid 20.

[0024] In some possible implementations of the present application, by immersing the battery module 2 in the heat exchange liquid 20, the design greatly enhances the heat dissipation capability of the battery module 2. The heat exchange liquid 20 acts as a heat conduction medium and can quickly absorb the heat generated during the operation of the battery module 2, thereby effectively preventing the battery module 2 from overheating, prolonging the service life of the battery module 2, and improving the stability of the energy storage device 10. The heat exchange liquid 20 not only plays a role in heat dissipation, but also to some extent acts as a physical barrier to isolate the battery module 2 from direct contact with the external environment, reducing the risk of safety accidents of the battery module 2 caused by external environmental changes (such as impact, short circuit, etc.). The first fire extinguishing device 3 is installed in the battery compartment 11 and is located above the liquid level of the heat exchange liquid 20. In this way, when the battery module 2 is out of control and a fire occurs, the first fire extinguishing device 3 can be quickly activated to release fire extinguishing agent and directly act on the fire source, effectively containing the spread of the fire. In addition, the integration of the first fire extinguishing device 3 and the battery module 2 in the same battery compartment 11 makes the structure of the energy storage device 10 compact, which on the one hand improves the space utilization rate, and on the other hand facilitates the installation and transportation of the energy storage device 10.

[0025] It should be noted that the heat exchange liquid 20 is usually a synthetic oil, mineral oil, fluorinated liquid, etc. In order to improve safety, in some possible implementations, the heat exchange liquid 20 has flame retardancy while achieving heat exchange, which can further improve the safety of the energy storage device 10. The heat exchange liquid 20 can include a flame-retardant heat-conducting oil, a silicone-based heat exchange liquid 20, or a fluorocarbon-based heat exchange liquid 20. In some embodiments, the flame-retardant heat-conducting oil can include an alkyl benzene type (benzene ring type) flame-retardant heat-conducting oil, an alkyl naphthalene type flame-retardant heat-conducting oil, or an alkyl biphenyl type flame-retardant heat-conducting oil. In some embodiments, the specific type of heat exchange liquid 20 can be selected as needed, and the present application does not limit it.

[0026] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, in some possible implementations, the distance between the first fire extinguishing device 3 and the liquid surface of the heat exchange liquid 20 is L1, where L1>200 mm. In this way, the first fire extinguishing device 3 is installed at a position that is more than 200 mm away from the liquid surface of the heat exchange liquid 20, so that the fire extinguishing agent can be directly and effectively sprayed to the fire source or the potential fire source area during fire extinguishing, without being blocked or interfered by the liquid surface of the heat exchange liquid 20. In this way, the fire extinguishing agent can fully exert its fire extinguishing efficiency, and quickly control and extinguish the fire. If the first fire extinguishing device 3 is too close to the liquid surface of the heat exchange liquid 20 during fire extinguishing, the impact force generated by the spraying can increase the risk of fire spreading. However, when the distance is set to L1>200 mm, the risk can be reduced to some extent, and the safety of the entire energy storage device 10 can be improved. Ensuring that the distance between the first fire extinguishing device 3 and the liquid surface of the heat exchange liquid 20 is greater than 200 mm can also facilitate subsequent maintenance and repair work of the first fire extinguishing device 3. For example, when replacing the fire extinguishing agent, checking the performance of the first fire extinguishing device 3, or performing other maintenance work, the staff can more easily access and operate the first fire extinguishing device 3 without worrying about direct contact with the heat exchange liquid 20.

[0027] It should be noted that the distance between the first fire extinguishing device 3 and the liquid surface of the heat exchange liquid 20 can be 201 mm, 205 mm, 210 mm, 218 mm, or 220 mm, etc. In some embodiments, the distance between the first fire extinguishing device 3 and the liquid surface of the heat exchange liquid 20 can be selected as needed, and the present application does not limit this.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the first fire extinguishing device 3 includes at least one of a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device and a perfluorohexone fire extinguishing device. In this way, the thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device uses high-efficiency aerosol fire extinguishing agent, can form a large-area and high-concentration fire extinguishing agent cloud in an instant, and can quickly reduce the temperature of the fire scene and suppress the combustion reaction. The thermal aerosol fire extinguisher does not need to be connected to a water source, nor does it need an external power source, so it can quickly and flexibly perform fire extinguishing operations, thereby effectively controlling the fire in the battery cabin 11. The thermal aerosol fire extinguisher does not produce harmful gases and corrosive substances during fire extinguishing, and does not damage personnel and the energy storage device 10. At the same time, the thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device can also automatically trigger fire extinguishing, avoiding accidents caused by improper operation of personnel. In addition, the thermal aerosol fire extinguisher has a short discharge time, which can complete the fire extinguishing process in a few seconds, reducing the risk of fire spreading. The composition of the fire extinguishing agent of the thermal aerosol fire extinguisher does not contain water, so it will not form an electrolyte liquid film that has conductivity and corrosion, thereby avoiding damage to the battery module 2. The structure of the thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device is relatively simple, maintenance is convenient, the service life is long, and the cost is relatively low. When the thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device is used for fire extinguishing, the production cost can be reduced.

[0029] In addition, the extinguishing agent used by the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device is halogen-free, residue-free, and environmentally friendly. During the extinguishing process, it does not release harmful substances and does not pollute the atmosphere, water bodies, and soil. At the same time, it does not damage the ozone layer and is harmless to the human body. The perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent has multiple extinguishing mechanisms, such as rapid gasification, heat absorption, and combustion chain reaction inhibition, which can quickly extinguish fires in a short time and reduce fire losses. The perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent has very low toxicity to the human body and is non-corrosive, and does not damage the battery module 2. At the same time, its good electrical insulation allows extinguishing operations to be carried out under live conditions, reducing the risk of electric shock accidents.

[0030] It should be noted that in some possible implementations, the first fire extinguishing device 3 includes one of a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device and a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device, and in other possible implementations, the first fire extinguishing device 3 can include both a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device and a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device. In this way, the extinguishing effect is the best.

[0031] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, in some possible implementations, the first fire extinguishing device 3 is wall-mounted on the cabin wall of the battery cabin 11, so that the installation position of the first fire extinguishing device 3 is relatively fixed and conspicuous, facilitating daily inspection and maintenance work, and ensuring that the fire extinguishing device is always in good working condition. When it is necessary to replace the extinguishing agent or perform other maintenance work, the wall-mounted design makes the operation more convenient and fast, reducing the maintenance cost and time cost. In addition, the wall-mounted installation fully utilizes the vertical space of the battery cabin 11, and fixes the fire extinguishing device on the cabin wall, thereby avoiding occupying the installation space of the battery module 2.

[0032] With reference to both Figs. 2 and 3, in some possible implementations, the energy storage device 10 further comprises a first detector 4 installed in the battery cabin 11 for detecting at least one of the temperature, the smoke concentration and the flammable gas concentration in the battery cabin 11, the first detector 4 being connected to the first fire extinguishing device 3, the first fire extinguishing device 3 being configured to extinguish the fire according to at least one of the temperature, the smoke concentration and the flammable gas concentration, so that the first detector 4 can monitor at least one of the temperature, the smoke concentration and the flammable gas concentration in the battery cabin 11 in real time. This real-time monitoring mechanism enables the energy storage device 10 to capture abnormal signals in the early stage of a fire, thereby greatly advancing the detection time of the fire. By monitoring at least one of the temperature, the smoke concentration and the flammable gas concentration, the energy storage device 10 can identify potential fire risks before the fire actually occurs. This helps the maintenance personnel to take measures in time to eliminate fire hazards, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the fire. When the first detector 4 detects that at least one of the temperature, the smoke concentration and the flammable gas concentration in the battery cabin 11 exceeds a preset safety threshold, the first fire extinguishing device 3 is automatically triggered. This automatic triggering mechanism enables the first fire extinguishing device 3 to start in the shortest time, thereby effectively containing the spread of the fire. The joint application of the first detector 4 and the first fire extinguishing device 3 provides the energy storage device 10 with multi-level fire protection. Through real-time monitoring, early warning and rapid response, the system can maintain high vigilance and response capability at each stage of the fire.

[0033] It should be noted that the first detector 4 and the first fire extinguishing device 3 can be directly connected, so that the signal detected by the first detector 4, such as temperature or smoke concentration, can be directly received by the first fire extinguishing device 3, and the first fire extinguishing device 3 can extinguish the fire according to at least one of the signals of temperature, smoke concentration and combustible gas concentration. In this way, the direct connection eliminates the intermediate link, so that the first detection signal can be transmitted to the first fire extinguishing device 3 almost without delay. This ensures that the first fire extinguishing device 3 can receive fire information in the first time and respond immediately. Due to the efficiency of signal transmission, the first fire extinguishing device 3 can start faster and take effective fire extinguishing measures at the initial stage of the fire. This helps to quickly control the fire and prevent it from spreading and expanding, thereby reducing losses. Direct connection enables the first fire extinguishing device 3 to directly receive the original signal from the first detector 4, avoiding signal attenuation and distortion during transmission. This helps the first fire extinguishing device 3 to more accurately judge the fire and take appropriate fire extinguishing strategies according to the actual situation. The direct connection simplifies the structure of the energy storage device 10, reduces the number of intermediate devices and connection lines. This not only makes the energy storage device 10 more compact and beautiful, but also reduces the complexity and maintenance difficulty of the energy storage device 10. Direct connection reduces the maintenance cost and maintenance difficulty of the energy storage device 10 by reducing intermediate links and failure points, thereby further reducing the overall cost.

[0034] Of course, among other possible implementations, the first detector 4 and the first fire extinguishing device 3 are indirectly connected through the controller 30, that is, at least one of the signals of temperature, smoke concentration and combustible gas concentration detected by the first detector 4 is transmitted to the controller 30, and the controller 30 sends fire extinguishing instructions to the first fire extinguishing device 3 according to at least one of the signals of temperature, smoke concentration and combustible gas concentration. In this way, indirect connection through the controller 30 can conveniently expand the scale of the energy storage device 10 without making large-scale modifications to the energy storage device 10 in related technologies. The controller 30 can preprocess and filter the signals from the first detector 4 to remove noise and interference, thereby improving the accuracy of the signals. At the same time, the controller 30 can also comprehensively analyze the signals according to the preset algorithm and rules to more accurately judge the fire. The controller 30 can centrally manage and control the entire fire extinguishing system. The operator can monitor the running state and alarm information of the system in real time through the controller 30, so as to quickly understand the safety status in the electrical cabin 12. The controller 30 can also be connected with a remote monitoring system to realize remote monitoring and remote control. The operator can monitor the safety status of the energy storage device 10 in real time through the remote monitoring system, and remotely start or stop the fire extinguishing device through the controller 30 when necessary.

[0035] In addition, since the battery cabin 11 contains the heat exchange liquid 20, the first detector 4 needs to meet the special working environment conditions of the heat exchange liquid 20 soaking the battery module 2, that is, the first detector 4 needs to meet the IP67 and above protection level, to ensure that the first detector 4 can normally work in the battery cabin 11 containing the heat exchange liquid 20.

[0036] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, in some possible implementations, the first detector 4 is above the top of the battery module 2, and the distance between the first detector 4 and the top of the battery module 2 is H1, where H1≥150mm. In this way, keeping a certain distance between the detector and the top of the battery module 2 can prevent direct contact with the battery module 2 and reduce the risk of damage to the first detector 4 due to battery module 2 failure (such as liquid leakage, overheating). The battery module 2 generates heat during operation, especially during charging or discharging. Keeping a certain distance helps to avoid direct radiation of the heat of the battery module 2 to the first detector 4, ensures that the temperature of the first detector 4 is within the normal working range, and avoids thermal damage or false alarms. For monitoring flammable gas or smoke, a distance of 150mm or more can give the gas or smoke enough time to diffuse, ensuring that the detector can detect evenly distributed gas concentrations, improving monitoring accuracy and response speed. Especially when monitoring lighter-than-air gases, keeping a certain height can better capture these gases, as they tend to rise and collect in the upper part of the space. A proper distance makes it difficult for maintenance personnel to touch the first detector 4 when checking or replacing the battery module 2, reducing the risk of accidental damage. The battery module 2 may generate an electromagnetic field during operation, and keeping a certain distance from the battery module 2 can reduce the influence of electromagnetic interference on the signal of the first detector 4, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the first detector 4. The distance between the first detector 4 and the top of the battery module 2 is H1, where H1≥150mm, which can keep the first detector 4 at a sufficient distance from the top of the battery module 2 to avoid direct contact with the first detector 4 when the heat exchange liquid 20 splashes or overflows, reducing the risk of invasion of the heat exchange liquid 20 and preventing short circuit or corrosion of the internal circuit of the first detector 4. The heat exchange liquid 20 carries away the heat of the battery module 2 during circulation, and if the first detector 4 is too close to the top of the battery module 2, it may receive too much indirect heat, affecting its normal working temperature and thus affecting monitoring accuracy.

[0037] It should be noted that the distance between the first detector 4 and the top of the battery module 2 can be 150mm, 151mm, 152mm, 159mm, 161mm, 165mm, 170mm, 179mm, 180mm, 187mm or 190mm, etc. The distance between the first detector 4 and the top of the battery module 2 can be set as needed, which is not limited in the present application.

[0038] Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in some possible implementations, the first detector 4 is arranged adjacent to the top wall of the battery compartment 11. In this way, many flammable gases (such as hydrogen) are lighter than air and will naturally rise after leaking. Installing the first detector 4 at a higher position can capture these gases more quickly, because they will rise upwards and gather at the top of the space. The first detector 4 adjacent to the top wall can detect gas leakage as early as possible, which is crucial for taking timely action to prevent accidents. Early detection means that emergency procedures can be initiated more quickly, reducing potential harm. Installing the first detector 4 adjacent to the top wall of the battery compartment 11 can ensure that the sensing area of the first detector 4 is not obstructed, improving detection efficiency. If there are heat-emitting elements inside the battery compartment 11, arranging the first detector 4 adjacent to the top wall can reduce the impact of the heat source on the first detector 4, avoiding false positives or reducing detection accuracy. Arranging the first detector 4 adjacent to the top wall can make it easier for maintenance personnel to access it for regular inspection, cleaning, and calibration, ensuring long-term stable operation of the first detector 4. For some first detectors 4 that can be affected by moisture, installing them at a higher position can avoid damage from standing water, especially in cases where the battery compartment 11 can have liquid substances present.

[0039] It should be noted that, in other possible implementations, the first detector 4 can also be installed on the top wall of the battery compartment 11. In some embodiments, the specific installation position of the first detector 4 can be set as needed, and the present application does not limit this.

[0040] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, in some possible implementations, the shell 1 is further formed with an electrical cabin 12, the electrical cabin 12 and the battery cabin 11 are spaced apart, the energy storage device 10 further includes an electrical unit 5 and a second fire extinguishing device 6, both of which are installed in the electrical cabin 12. In this way, the battery module 2 may, in the process of charging and discharging, generate heat, gas, or even short circuit and other abnormal conditions, and the electrical unit 5 may, due to electrical failure, cause sparks or high temperature. Through the isolation design, the possibility of mutual influence of these risks can be reduced. The second fire extinguishing device 6 installed in the electrical cabin 12 can quickly respond and effectively put out the fire according to the characteristics of the electrical fire. Since the electrical fire often has the characteristics of spreading rapidly and being difficult to control, installing the second fire extinguishing device 6 in the electrical cabin 12 can maximize the damage of the fire to the energy storage device 10. By dividing the electrical cabin 12 and the battery cabin 11, the internal space of the energy storage device 10 can be more reasonably utilized. Different cabins can be customized according to their respective needs to meet the installation, heat dissipation, maintenance and other requirements of the electrical unit 5 and the battery module 2. The separation design of the electrical cabin 12 and the battery cabin 11 makes the maintenance and management of the battery module 2 and the electrical unit 5 more convenient. When the electrical unit 5, the battery module 2, the first fire extinguishing device 3 or the second fire extinguishing device 6 needs to be repaired or replaced, the corresponding cabin can be operated alone without affecting the normal operation of other parts. The isolation design of the electrical cabin 12 and the battery cabin 11 can reduce the electromagnetic interference and thermal interference between the electrical unit 5 and the battery module 2. This helps to improve the operation stability of the electrical unit 5 and the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery module 2.

[0041] It should be noted that, in some possible implementations, the electrical cabin 12 and the battery cabin 11 can be spaced apart along the direction of gravity, the electrical cabin 12 can be arranged above the battery cabin 11, or the electrical cabin 12 can be arranged below the battery cabin 11. In yet some possible implementations, the electrical cabin 12 and the battery cabin 11 can be spaced apart along the horizontal direction. In some embodiments, the spacing direction of the electrical cabin 12 and the battery cabin 11 is not limited.

[0042] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, in some possible implementation manners, the second fire extinguishing device 6 is above the electrical unit 5, so that the path of upward spread of the fire can be blocked to some extent, and the fire can be prevented from rapidly expanding to the entire electrical cabin 12 or other cabin, thereby reducing the overall fire risk. The second fire extinguishing device 6 is above the electrical unit 5, so that the fire extinguishing medium (such as inert gas) of the second fire extinguishing device 6 can be sprayed upward and downward, so as to ensure that the fire extinguishing medium directly reaches every corner of the electrical unit 5, improve the fire extinguishing efficiency, and after the fire is extinguished, the fire extinguishing medium can continue to cover the surface of the electrical unit 5 to form a protective layer, thereby reducing the possibility of rekindling. The second fire extinguishing device 6 is installed above the electrical unit 5, so that the vertical space in the electrical cabin 12 can be fully utilized, and the installation space of the electrical unit 5 is avoided from being occupied. When the second fire extinguishing device 6 needs to be maintained or replaced, the second fire extinguishing device 6 is above the electrical unit 5, so that the second fire extinguishing device 6 can be conveniently accessed and operated, and the difficulty and time cost of maintenance work are reduced.

[0043] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, in some possible implementation manners, the distance between the second fire extinguishing device 6 and the electrical unit 5 is L2, where L2>200 mm, so that the second fire extinguishing device 6 can be prevented from directly impacting the electrical unit 5 when spraying the fire extinguishing medium, and the secondary damage or interference to the electrical unit 5 can be reduced. The distance between the second fire extinguishing device 6 and the electrical unit 5 is greater than 200 mm, so that the fire extinguishing medium of the second fire extinguishing device 6 can fully cover the electrical unit 5 and the surrounding area after the second fire extinguishing device 6 is started, and effective fire extinguishing can be achieved. The distance between the second fire extinguishing device 6 and the electrical unit 5 is greater than 200 mm, so that the potential influence of the second fire extinguishing device 6 caused by vibration, heat and other factors of the electrical unit 5 during operation can be reduced, and the risk of false triggering can be reduced. During equipment maintenance or fault handling, personnel need to access the electrical unit 5 for operation. The distance between the second fire extinguishing device 6 and the electrical unit 5 is greater than 200 mm, so that the daily maintenance, repair and replacement of the equipment are facilitated. Personnel can more easily access the electrical unit 5 and the second fire extinguishing device 6 for operation, and the difficulty and cost of maintenance work are reduced.

[0044] In some possible implementations, the second fire extinguishing device 6 includes at least one of a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device and a perfluorohexone fire extinguishing device. The thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device uses a high-efficiency aerosol extinguishing agent to form a large-area and high-concentration aerosol cloud in an instant, rapidly reduces the temperature of the fire scene, and suppresses the combustion reaction. The thermal aerosol fire extinguisher does not need to be connected to a water source or an external power source, and thus can quickly and flexibly perform fire extinguishing operations, thereby effectively controlling the fire in the battery compartment 11. The thermal aerosol fire extinguisher does not produce harmful gases and corrosive substances during the fire extinguishing process, and thus does not damage personnel and the energy storage device 10. Meanwhile, the thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device can automatically trigger fire extinguishing, thereby avoiding accidents caused by improper operation. In addition, the thermal aerosol fire extinguisher has a short discharge time, and generally completes the fire extinguishing process within a few seconds, thereby reducing the risk of fire spreading. The thermal aerosol fire extinguisher does not contain water in the extinguishing agent composition, and thus does not form an electrolyte liquid film that has conductivity and corrosion, thereby avoiding damage to the battery module 2. The thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device has a relatively simple structure, is easy to maintain, has a long service life, and has a relatively low cost. When the thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device is used for fire extinguishing, the production cost can be reduced.

[0045] In addition, the extinguishing agent used by the perfluorohexone fire extinguishing device does not contain halogen and has no residue, and is environmentally friendly. In the fire extinguishing process, no harmful substances are released, and the environment such as the atmosphere, water body, and soil is not polluted. Meanwhile, the perfluorohexone fire extinguishing agent does not damage the ozone layer and is harmless to the human body. The perfluorohexone fire extinguishing agent has multiple fire extinguishing mechanisms such as rapid gasification, heat absorption, and combustion chain reaction inhibition, and can quickly extinguish a fire in a short time and reduce fire loss. The perfluorohexone fire extinguishing agent has extremely low toxicity to the human body, is non-corrosive, and does not damage the battery module 2. Meanwhile, the good electrical insulation property of the perfluorohexone fire extinguishing agent allows fire extinguishing operations to be performed in a live condition, thereby reducing the risk of electric shock accidents.

[0046] It should be noted that, in some possible implementations, the second fire extinguishing device 6 includes one of a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device and a perfluorohexone fire extinguishing device, and in other possible implementations, the second fire extinguishing device 6 can include both a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device and a perfluorohexone fire extinguishing device, so that the fire extinguishing effect is best.

[0047] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, in some possible implementation manners, the first fire extinguishing device 3 is arranged adjacent to the electrical cabin 12 and is electrically connected with the controller 30 installed in the electrical cabin 12. In this way, the first fire extinguishing device 3 is arranged adjacent to the electrical cabin 12, which helps to reduce the length and complexity of the pipeline between the first fire extinguishing device 3 and the controller 30 in the electrical unit 5, and reduce the installation and maintenance costs. In addition, since the first fire extinguishing device 3 is electrically connected with the controller 30 in the electrical cabin 12, the communication between the two is more rapid and reliable. Once an abnormal situation (such as fire, short circuit, etc.) occurs in the electrical cabin 12, the controller 30 can immediately transmit a signal to the first fire extinguishing device 3 to trigger the start of the fire extinguishing program, so that the first fire extinguishing device 3 can timely extinguish the fire in the battery cabin 11.

[0048] It should be noted that the first fire extinguishing device 3 is connected with the controller 30 in the battery cabin 11 and the electrical cabin 12 through a wire harness to realize electrical control, communication and other functions. In order to ensure the sealing of the battery cabin 11 and ensure that the protection level can reach IP67, the protection level of the cabin-penetrating electrical connector provided on the shell 1 and used for display penetration needs to reach IP68. In addition, the first fire extinguishing device 3 can be warm-started or electrically started. When a fire occurs in the battery cabin 11 and the temperature reaches above 185℃, the warm start is triggered, and the first fire extinguishing device 3 automatically starts to execute the fire extinguishing agent spraying action. When the first detector 4 detects a fire and the controller 30 recognizes the need for fire extinguishing, the first fire extinguishing device 3 can be electrically started to execute the fire extinguishing agent spraying action.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 3, in some possible implementation manners, the energy storage device 10 further includes a power supply module 7. The power supply module 7 is installed in the electrical cabin 12, and the power supply module 7 is configured to supply power to the controller 30. In this way, the power supply module 7 serves as a dedicated power supply for the controller 30, which can ensure that the controller 30 can obtain stable and reliable power supply under any circumstances. This avoids the risk of controller 30 failure or performance degradation due to power fluctuations or insufficient power supply. Installing the power supply module 7 in the electrical cabin 12 and closely connecting it with the controller 30 can reduce electromagnetic interference and signal attenuation caused by long-distance power transmission. This helps to maintain the stability and accuracy of the controller 30 signal and improve the overall performance of the energy storage device 10. Directly installing the power supply module 7 in the electrical cabin 12 can more reasonably utilize the space and reduce the number of external wiring and connectors. This helps to simplify the device structure and improve the overall aesthetics and compactness. Integrating the power supply module 7 with the controller 30 in the same electrical cabin 12 facilitates centralized control and management. The operation and maintenance personnel can more conveniently check the working status and performance parameters of the power supply module 7 and timely find and solve abnormalities.

[0050] It should be noted that the installation of the power module 7 is subject to the arrangement of the electrical unit 5 in the electrical cabin 12, and can be arranged near the air switch (on the cabin door), so as to facilitate the wiring of the wire harness. Of course, in other possible implementations, the installation position of the power module 7 can be adjusted as needed, and the present application does not limit the installation position of the power module 7.

[0051] Referring to FIGS. 2-4, in some possible implementations, the first detector 4 is arranged adjacent to the electrical cabin 12, so that the arrangement of the first detector 4 adjacent to the electrical cabin 12 can simplify the wiring, reduce the signal transmission delay, and improve the overall response speed and efficiency of the system. Installing the first detector 4 near the electrical cabin 12 can reduce additional infrastructure construction, such as unnecessary piping, cable routing, etc., thereby optimizing the project cost to a certain extent.

[0052] It should be noted that the first detector 4 includes at least one of a first temperature sensor, a first smoke sensor, and a combustible gas concentration sensor.

[0053] In some possible implementations, the first detector 4 includes a first temperature sensor, a first smoke sensor, and a combustible gas concentration sensor, which are integrally arranged, so that the integrated design reduces the installation space required for the first temperature sensor, the first smoke sensor, and the combustible gas concentration sensor to be separated and independent, making the first detector 4 more compact as a whole and easy to install in limited space. The integrated arrangement of the first temperature sensor, the first smoke sensor, and the combustible gas concentration sensor is easier to install and maintain. Only one installation is needed, reducing the workload of wiring and debugging, while reducing maintenance cost and complexity. The data of the first temperature sensor, the first smoke sensor, and the combustible gas concentration sensor can be collected and processed through the same interface, simplifying the data transmission and analysis process, improving the efficiency and accuracy of information integration. The first temperature sensor, the first smoke sensor, and the combustible gas concentration sensor are integrated and arranged, can share the same environment, and can verify the detection results with each other, improving the overall detection accuracy and reliability. For example, when the temperature and the combustible gas concentration rise at the same time, the potential dangerous situation can be confirmed faster. In addition, the integrated arrangement of the first temperature sensor, the first smoke sensor, and the combustible gas concentration sensor can integrate the information of multiple sensors, and use algorithms to determine whether there is a real emergency, thereby reducing false alarms that can be caused by a single sensor.

[0054] In some possible implementations, the first temperature sensor includes at least one of a rod-type fixed temperature heat detector, a heat-sensitive magnetic power generation assembly, a thermoelement sensor, and a thermistor probe. The first smoke sensor includes at least one of an ionization smoke sensor, an infrared type combustible gas detector, a photoelectric sensor, and a semiconductor gas detector. The combustible gas concentration sensor includes at least one of a catalytic combustion type sensor, a semiconductor gas sensor, an infrared sensor, a gas-sensitive element sensor, and a photoionization sensor.

[0055] It should be noted that the types of the first temperature sensor, the first smoke sensor, and the combustible gas concentration sensor can be selected as needed, and the present application does not limit them.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 4, in some possible implementations, the energy storage device 10 further includes a second detector 8 installed in the electrical cabin 12 and above the electrical unit 5. The second detector 8 is used to detect the temperature or smoke concentration in the electrical cabin 12, so that the electrical unit 5 in the electrical cabin 12 can generate overheating or smoke during operation due to various reasons (such as overload, short circuit, aging, etc.). Placing the second detector 8 above the electrical unit 5 can capture these abnormal conditions earlier, thereby timely sending a fire warning signal and helping to reduce the damage of the fire to the energy storage device 10. Since the second detector 8 is directly above the electrical unit 5, it can more accurately perceive the environmental changes in the electrical cabin 12. Compared with detectors installed in other positions, this layout reduces detection errors caused by distance and obstacles, and improves the accuracy and reliability of fire warning. The second detector 8 is connected with a second fire extinguishing device 6, and the second fire extinguishing device 6 is configured to extinguish fire according to the temperature or smoke concentration. Thus, when abnormal conditions (such as temperature rise or smoke generation) occur in the electrical cabin 12, the second detector 8 can quickly perceive and send a signal. Since it is connected with the second fire extinguishing device 6, this signal can trigger the fire extinguishing device to start, achieving immediate response. When the second fire extinguishing device 6 starts, it can quickly release an appropriate amount of fire extinguishing agent according to the severity of the detected fire. This rapid fire extinguishing capability helps to extinguish the fire at the initial stage and prevent the fire from spreading and expanding. By detecting the temperature or smoke concentration, the second fire extinguishing device 6 can more accurately determine the location and scale of the fire. This helps to achieve precise fire extinguishing, i.e., only the fire source is extinguished, reducing the impact on the surrounding equipment and environment. Since the second detector 8 is connected with the second fire extinguishing device 6, automation control is achieved, so the management work can be greatly simplified.

[0057] It should be noted that in some possible implementations, the second detector 8 and the second fire extinguishing device 6 can be directly connected, so that the temperature or smoke concentration signal detected by the second detector 8 can be directly received by the second fire extinguishing device 6, and the second fire extinguishing device 6 can extinguish the fire according to the temperature or smoke concentration signal. In this way, the direct connection eliminates the intermediate link, so that the second detection signal can be transmitted to the second fire extinguishing device 6 almost without delay. This ensures that the second fire extinguishing device 6 can receive fire information in the first time and respond immediately. Due to the efficiency of signal transmission, the second fire extinguishing device 6 can start faster and take effective fire extinguishing measures at the initial stage of the fire. This helps to quickly control the fire and prevent it from spreading and expanding, thereby reducing losses. Direct connection enables the second fire extinguishing device 6 to directly receive the original signal from the second detector 8, avoiding signal attenuation and distortion during transmission. This helps the second fire extinguishing device 6 to more accurately judge the fire and take appropriate fire extinguishing strategies according to the actual situation. The direct connection simplifies the structure of the energy storage device 10, reduces the number of intermediate devices and connection lines. This not only makes the energy storage device 10 more compact and beautiful, but also reduces the complexity and maintenance difficulty of the energy storage device 10. Direct connection reduces the maintenance cost and maintenance difficulty of the energy storage device 10 due to the reduction of intermediate links and failure points, thereby further reducing the overall cost.

[0058] Of course, in other possible implementations, the second detector 8 and the second fire extinguishing device 6 are indirectly connected through the controller 30, that is, the temperature or smoke concentration signal detected by the second detector 8 is transmitted to the controller 30, and the controller 30 sends fire extinguishing instructions to the second fire extinguishing device 6 according to the temperature or smoke concentration signal. In this way, indirect connection through the controller 30 can conveniently expand the scale of the energy storage device 10 without making large-scale modifications to the related technical energy storage device 10. The controller 30 can preprocess and filter the signal from the second detector 8 to remove noise and interference, thereby improving the accuracy of the signal. At the same time, the controller 30 can also comprehensively analyze the signal according to the preset algorithm and rules to more accurately judge the fire. The controller 30 can centrally manage and control the entire fire extinguishing system. The operator can monitor the running state and alarm information of the system in real time through the controller 30, so as to quickly understand the safety status in the electrical cabin 12. The controller 30 can also be connected with a remote monitoring system to realize remote monitoring and remote control. The operator can monitor the safety status of the energy storage device 10 in real time through the remote monitoring system, and remotely start or shut down the fire extinguishing device through the controller 30 when necessary.

[0059] Referring to FIGS. 2-4, in some possible implementations, the second detector 8 is installed on the top wall of the electrical cabin 12. In this way, the second detector 8 installed on the top wall of the electrical cabin 12 ensures that the smoke is detected in time and effectively before it reaches a dangerous concentration, given the natural tendency of the smoke to rise within the electrical cabin 12. The second detector 8 installed on the top wall of the electrical cabin 12 is less likely to be obstructed by the electrical unit 5 or other objects, ensuring that the sensing area of the second detector 8 is unobstructed, improving the accuracy and range of detection. The top wall position can avoid the influence of factors such as temperature gradient, air flow disturbance, etc. near the ground or wall on the detector, reducing the possibility of false alarms. The second detector 8 in the top wall position is generally easier to access, facilitating regular inspection, cleaning or replacement of the sensor by maintenance personnel, ensuring long-term stable operation of the second detector 8.

[0060] It should be noted that the second fire extinguishing device 6 can be warm activated or electrically activated. When a fire occurs in the electrical cabin 12, the temperature reaches above 185°C, triggering the warm activation, and the second fire extinguishing device 6 automatically starts to perform the fire extinguishing agent spraying action. When the second detector 8 detects a fire and the controller 30 recognizes the need for fire extinguishing, the second fire extinguishing device 6 can be electrically activated to perform the fire extinguishing agent spraying action.

[0061] It should be noted that the second detector 8 includes at least one of a second temperature sensor and a second smoke sensor.

[0062] In some possible implementations, the second detector 8 includes a second temperature sensor and a second smoke sensor, and the second temperature sensor and the second smoke sensor are integrally arranged. In this way, the integrated design can reduce the requirement for installation space. In addition, the second temperature sensor and the second smoke sensor are integrally arranged, so that only one integrated second detector 8 needs to be installed instead of two separate second temperature sensors and second smoke sensors, simplifying the installation process, reducing the workload of wiring and debugging, and also being more convenient during maintenance and inspection. The integrated second temperature sensor and second smoke sensor can ensure the synchronization and consistency of data acquisition, avoiding possible time differences or data mismatches. In addition, the temperature and smoke data can be verified with each other, improving the accuracy and reliability of the alarm. For example, if both temperature abnormalities and smoke are detected, the energy storage device 10 can more confidently trigger an alarm.

[0063] In some possible implementations, the second temperature sensor includes at least one of a rod-shaped constant-temperature heat detector, a heat-sensitive magnetic power generation assembly, and a thermistor probe. The second smoke sensor includes at least one of an ion smoke sensor, an infrared combustible gas detector, and a semiconductor gas detector.

[0064] It should be noted that the type of the second temperature sensor and the type of the second smoke sensor can be selected as needed, and the present application does not limit this.

[0065] Referring to FIGS. 1-3, in some possible implementations, the fire-fighting assembly further comprises an audible and light alarm 9 installed in the housing 1, and the audible and light alarm 9, the first fire extinguishing device 3, the first detector 4, the second fire extinguishing device 6, and the second detector 8 are all arranged to be electrically connected with the controller 30. In this way, the audible and light alarm 9 can quickly attract people's attention in the early stage of fire through the dual warning mode of sound and light. The high-decibel sound signal and the flashing bright light can effectively penetrate smoke and noisy environment, ensuring that the fire information is perceived in time. Through the electrical connection with the controller 30, the audible and light alarm 9 can receive the fire signals from the first detector 4 and the second detector 8 in real time. Once the detector detects a fire or an abnormal situation, the controller 30 will immediately trigger the audible and light alarm 9, realizing rapid response. When it is determined that a fire occurs, the controller 30 or activates at least one of the first fire extinguishing device 3 and the second fire extinguishing device 6 to extinguish the fire, preventing the spread of the fire. The linkage work of the audible and light alarm 9 with the first fire extinguishing device 3, the first detector 4, the second fire extinguishing device 6, and the second detector 8 can form a complete fire prevention and control system, and the cooperation between each component can provide omnidirectional and multi-level fire prevention and control protection for the energy storage device 10. This helps to reduce the probability and loss degree of fire occurrence, and ensures the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0066] In addition, the controller 30 can be programmed to realize linkage response, that is, when the first detector 4 or the second detector 8 detects an abnormality, in addition to triggering the audible and light alarm 9, the fire-fighting system can also be automatically started, the power supply can be turned off, the exhaust system can be turned on, and the like, so as to quickly take safety measures. The controller 30 can receive multi-level warning signals from the first detector 4 and the second detector 8, complete multi-level fire-fighting decisions, send decision signals to the audible and light alarm 9, and output fire alarm information to the user.

[0067] With reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, in some possible implementation manners, the shell 1 is further provided with an exhaust port communicating with the battery compartment 11, the exhaust port being above the battery module 2, and the energy storage device 10 further comprises a balance valve 101 installed at the exhaust port, the balance valve 101 being used to balance the pressure inside and outside the battery compartment 11. In this way, the balance valve 101 can adjust the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery compartment 11, preventing damage to the battery module 2 or the structure of the shell 1 due to excessively high or low internal pressure. When the pressure in the battery compartment 11 abnormally rises, the balance valve 101 can automatically open to release the excess pressure, avoiding the risk of compartment rupture or explosion. The balance valve 101 is usually closed in the non-working state, which can prevent external dust, moisture or harmful gas from entering the battery compartment 11, protecting the battery module 2 from the external environment and prolonging the battery life. The exhaust port and the balance valve 101 allow the battery compartment 11 to exchange necessary gas with the external environment, such as discharging the steam generated by the evaporation of the heat exchange liquid 20 in the heat management process, or releasing the harmful gas that may be generated in the event of battery failure, while preventing excessive pressure loss. The arrangement of the balance valve 101 and the exhaust port helps to optimize the heat management of the battery compartment 11, ensuring that the heat exchange liquid 20 can circulate effectively to take away the heat generated by the battery during operation and maintain the battery within the optimal working temperature range.

[0068] With reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, in some possible implementation manners, the shell 1 is further provided with a pressure relief port communicating with the battery compartment 11, the pressure relief port being above the battery module 2, and the energy storage device 10 further comprises a pressure relief plate 102 sealingly covering the pressure relief port. In this way, the design of the pressure relief port and the pressure relief plate 102 can timely release pressure when abnormal conditions occur in the battery compartment 11, such as thermal runaway, internal short circuit or other conditions that cause rapid gas accumulation and rapid pressure rise, preventing the battery compartment 11 from exploding. The pressure relief port is usually designed above the battery module 2, so that when the pressure is released, the gas and possible flames will be released upwards rather than to the surrounding environment, reducing the harm to surrounding equipment or personnel. The pressure relief plate 102 serves as a sealing device for the pressure relief port, maintaining the airtightness of the battery compartment 11 under normal circumstances and opening only when the pressure reaches a set threshold. This control mechanism can avoid unnecessary gas leakage while ensuring a quick response in emergency situations. In non-extreme situations, the pressure relief plate 102 remains sealed, preventing external contaminants such as moisture and dust from entering the battery compartment 11 and protecting the battery components from corrosion or short circuit risk. The design of the pressure relief port reduces the additional pressure on the walls of the battery compartment 11, avoiding deformation or rupture of the shell 1 due to excessive pressure, and enhancing the structural stability and service life of the entire energy storage device 10. Compared with a completely sealed energy storage device 10, the energy storage device 10 with a pressure relief mechanism can reduce failures caused by internal pressure, reducing the frequency and cost of maintenance and replacement of components.

[0069] It should be noted that the balance valve 101 and the explosion venting plate 102 both meet the IP67 and above protection level, and meet the immersion type thermal management working condition.

[0070] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, in some possible implementations, the exhaust port is arranged at the top of the shell 1, so that many gases (including steam generated by evaporation of the heat exchange liquid 20) are lighter than air and naturally rise. By arranging the exhaust port at the top, the natural rising trend of the gas can be utilized to make the gas more smoothly discharged without the need for additional pumping equipment. In the case of gas leakage or pressure abnormality, the top exhaust port can quickly release the pressure, reducing the risk of explosion or combustion and protecting the safety of the equipment and personnel. The exhaust port is located at the top, making it easier for maintenance personnel to access when checking or cleaning without needing to enter the interior of the equipment, improving the convenience and safety of maintenance. The discharged gas or steam will not directly blow towards the equipment below or the ground, reducing the risk of corrosion to the equipment below or wetness to the ground. The exhaust port is usually arranged at the highest point of the equipment to utilize the natural gas flow law, reduce energy consumption and improve the overall efficiency of the system. The design of the top exhaust port facilitates the installation of pressure regulating components such as the balance valve 101, ensuring the balance of the pressure inside and outside the battery compartment 11, while simplifying the structure and wiring of the system.

[0071] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, in some possible implementations, the explosion venting port is arranged at the top of the shell 1, so that when the internal pressure of the energy storage device 10 abnormally rises and needs to be released urgently, the explosion venting port at the top can release the high-pressure gas or steam upwards, avoiding direct harm to the surrounding personnel or equipment, especially avoiding downward spraying, reducing the risk of injury to ground personnel. The design of the top explosion venting port can reduce the impact on the structure below or around the equipment when the pressure is released, avoiding the splashing of debris or liquid, reducing the possibility of secondary injury. By utilizing the principle of gravity, the top explosion venting port can make the gas naturally rise and quickly diffuse, helping to reduce the power and range of the explosion, while reducing the impact on the ground or low-lying equipment. The top explosion venting port is away from the operating personnel and the area of normal activities, reducing the opportunity for personnel to be exposed to potential danger and improving the safety of the operating environment of the energy storage device 10. The explosion venting port at the top position facilitates the installation of the explosion venting plate 102 or other pressure relief devices, while also facilitating daily inspection and maintenance, ensuring the reliability and effectiveness of the pressure relief mechanism. The top explosion venting port can reduce the direct impact on the ground vegetation or the surface of the building when the pressure is released, reducing the negative impact on the environment.

[0072] It should be noted that when a fire occurs inside the battery compartment 11, the balance valve 101 cannot regulate the internal and external air pressure, and when the internal air pressure of the battery compartment 11 reaches the explosion venting threshold, the explosion venting plate 102 is triggered to release the pressure, preventing secondary explosion damage from thermal runaway of the energy storage device 10 (the damage from explosion is often much greater than that from thermal runaway of the battery module 2).

[0073] The fire-fighting system logic design of the present energy storage device 10 is described in detail as follows:

[0074] When the first detector 4 detects one of the temperature, smoke concentration and flammable gas, the fire-fighting system pre-warning mode is triggered, a pre-warning signal is transmitted to the controller 30, and abnormal information is fed back. When the first detector 4 detects a composite pre-warning signal (smoke and flammable gas) or an alarm temperature signal, the fire-fighting system alarm mode is triggered, an alarm signal is transmitted to the controller 30, the controller 30 controls the sound and light alarm 9 to alarm, and the first fire extinguishing device 3 starts and performs fire extinguishing agent spraying action to achieve fire extinguishing of the battery cabin 11. When the air pressure in the battery cabin 11 reaches a threshold value, the explosion relief plate 102 is triggered to relieve pressure and prevent explosion. When the second detector 8 detects the temperature or smoke concentration, the fire-fighting system alarm mode is triggered, an alarm signal is transmitted to the controller 30, and the controller 30 controls the sound and light alarm 9 to alarm. The second fire extinguishing device 6 starts and performs fire extinguishing agent spraying action to achieve fire extinguishing of the battery cabin 11.

Claims

1. A storage energy device, comprising: a housing, which is formed with a battery cabin, and a heat exchange liquid is arranged in the battery cabin; a battery module, which is installed in the battery cabin and is immersed in the heat exchange liquid; a first fire extinguishing device, which is installed in the battery cabin and is above the liquid level of the heat exchange liquid.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The distance between the first fire extinguishing device and the liquid level of the heat exchange liquid is L1, wherein L1>200 mm.

3. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The first fire extinguishing device comprises at least one of a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device and a perfluorohexone fire extinguishing device; and / or, The first fire extinguishing device is hung on the cabin wall of the battery cabin. 4.The storage energy device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a first detector, which is installed in the battery cabin and is used to detect at least one of a temperature, a smoke concentration and a flammable gas concentration in the battery cabin; The first detector is connected with the first fire extinguishing device, and the first fire extinguishing device is arranged to extinguish fire according to at least one of the temperature, the smoke concentration and the flammable gas.

5. The energy storage device of claim 4, wherein, The first detector is above the battery module, and the distance between the first detector and the top of the battery module is H1, wherein H1≥150 mm.

6. The energy storage device of claim 4, wherein, The first detector is arranged adjacent to or installed on the top wall of the battery cabin.

7. The energy storage device of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein, The first detector comprises a first temperature sensor, a first smoke sensor and a flammable gas concentration sensor, which are integrally arranged.

8. The energy storage device of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The housing is further formed with an electrical cabin, and the electrical cabin and the battery cabin are arranged at intervals; The storage energy device further comprises an electrical unit and a second fire extinguishing device, and the electrical unit and the second fire extinguishing device are both installed in the electrical cabin.

9. The energy storage device of claim 8, wherein, The second fire extinguishing device is above the electrical unit.

10. The energy storage device of claim 8 or 9, wherein, The distance between the second fire extinguishing device and the electrical unit is L2, wherein L2>200 mm.

11. The energy storage device of any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein, The second fire extinguishing device comprises at least one of a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device and a perfluorohexone fire extinguishing device.

12. The energy storage device of any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein, The first fire extinguishing device is arranged adjacent to the electrical cabin and is electrically connected with a controller installed in the electrical cabin. 13.The storage energy device according to claim 12, further comprising a power supply module, which is installed in the electrical cabin and is arranged to supply power to the controller. 14.The storage energy device according to any one of claims 8 to 13, further comprising a second detector, which is installed in the electrical cabin and is above the electrical unit, and is used to detect a temperature or a smoke concentration in the electrical cabin; The second detector is connected with the second fire extinguishing device, and the second fire extinguishing device is arranged to extinguish fire according to the temperature or the smoke concentration.

15. The energy storage device of claim 14, wherein, The second detector is installed on the top wall of the electrical cabin; and / or, The second detector comprises a second temperature sensor and a second smoke sensor, which are integrally arranged.

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