Terminal

Abstract

This terminal comprises: a reception unit which, from a base station, receives downlink control information for scheduling a paging message via a carrier that is accessible irrespective of the type or use environment of the terminal; and a control unit which monitors a paging opportunity set for each type of the terminal. The reception unit receives the downlink control information at the paging opportunity.

Description

Terminal

[0001] This disclosure relates to a terminal that performs initial access.

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) has standardized the 5th generation mobile communication system (also called 5G, New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)). Furthermore, it is also proceeding with the standardization of the next-generation mobile communication systems called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution or 6G.

[0003] The terminal monitors the paging opportunity (PO) set for itself and receives downlink control information (DCI) at the PO. The terminal receives the paging message scheduled by the DCI and transitions to the connected mode (Non-Patent Document 1). That is, the terminal starts initial access in response to the reception of the paging message.

[0004] 3GPP TS 38.304 V18.2.0, 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; NR; User Equipment (UE) procedures in Idle mode and RRC Inactive state (Release 18), 3GPP, June 2024

[0005] By the way, the introduction of accessible carriers (hereinafter also referred to as partial carriers) is being considered regardless of the type of terminal (for example, Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) terminal, Internet of Things (IoT) terminal, eXtended Reality (XR) terminal) or the usage environment (for example, access type, use case, service type). When partial carriers are introduced, it is assumed that a terminal using the partial carriers receives a paging message via the partial carriers.

[0006] However, since the perch carrier is expected to be used by a large number of terminals, there was a risk that the timing of DCI reception, as described above, would overlap among terminals. Consequently, there was a risk that initial access by terminals using the perch carrier would be concentrated in a short period of time.

[0007] Therefore, this disclosure aims to provide a terminal that can suppress the overlap of DCI reception timings in a perch carrier.

[0008] One aspect of the disclosure is a terminal comprising: a receiving unit (wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 210) that receives downlink control information for scheduling paging messages from a base station via a carrier accessible regardless of the type of terminal or usage environment; and a control unit (control unit 270) that monitors paging opportunities set for each type of terminal, wherein the receiving unit receives the downlink control information during the paging opportunity.

[0009] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a wireless communication system. Figure 2 is a diagram showing the frequency range used in the wireless communication system. Figure 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of wireless frames, subframes, slots, and symbols used in the wireless communication system. Figure 4 is a functional block diagram of a terminal. Figure 5 is a functional block diagram of a base station. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example of a perch carrier. Figure 7 is a diagram showing an example of a sequence for initial access based on a paging message. Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a terminal. Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle.

[0010] The embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that identical or similar reference numerals are used to denote the same functions and components, and their descriptions will be omitted as appropriate.

[0011] (1) Wireless communication system configuration The wireless communication system 10 shown in Diagram 1 is a wireless communication system that follows a method called 5G. On the other hand, wireless communication system 10 may also be a wireless communication system that follows a method called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0012] The wireless communication system 10 can support Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (Massive MIMO), which generates a more directional beam by controlling the wireless signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements; carrier aggregation (CA), which uses multiple component carriers (CCs) bundled together; and dual connectivity (DC), which enables simultaneous communication with two base stations.

[0013] As shown in Figure 1, the wireless communication system 10 includes a base station 100 (hereinafter also referred to as BS100) that constitutes the Next Generation-Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) 20, and a terminal 200 (hereinafter also referred to as user equipment (UE) 200) that communicates wirelessly with the BS100. NG-RAN 20 may be read as BS100.

[0014] NG-RAN20 is connected to the core network (CN) 30. CN30 consists of multiple network functions (NFs). These NFs include, for example, the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 300 and the Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF) 400. AMF300 performs, for example, the registration of UE200. NWDAF400 performs, for example, the optimization of CN30. Note that the specific configuration of the wireless communication system 10, such as the number of BS100 and UE200, is not limited to the example shown in Figure 1. Furthermore, NG-RAN20 and CN30 may simply be referred to as "the network (NW)".

[0015] The BS100 may be divided into a central unit (CU) connected to the network and controlling the connection to the UE200, and distributed units (DUs) connected to the UE200. The CU may be divided into a CU-CP that controls the control plane (CP) and a CU-UP that controls the user plane (UP). In other words, the BS100 may be divided into a CU-CP, a CU-UP, and a DU.

[0016] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 10 may support multiple frequency ranges (FRs). That is, as shown in Figure 2, it may support the following FRs: • FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz • FR2-1: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz • FR2-2: Over 52.6 GHz to 71 GHz

[0017] In FR1, a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 15, 30, or 60 kHz and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz may be used. In FR2-1, an SCS of 60 or 120 kHz (or 240 kHz) and a BW of 50 to 400 MHz may be used.

[0018] In FR2-2, to avoid an increase in phase noise, Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) or Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) with a larger SCS may be applied.

[0019] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, one slot in the wireless communication system 10 consists of 14 symbols. If this configuration is maintained, the larger (wider) the SCS becomes, the shorter the symbol period (and slot period). Note that the SCS is not limited to the frequencies shown in Figure 3, and may be other frequencies such as 480 kHz or 960 kHz.

[0020] Furthermore, the number of symbols constituting one slot does not necessarily have to be 14; for example, it could be 28 or 56 symbols. In addition, the number of slots per subframe may vary depending on the SCS.

[0021] (2) Functional block configuration of the wireless communication system (2.1) Functional block configuration of the terminal As shown in Figure 4, the UE200 comprises a wireless signal transmission / reception unit 210, an amplifier unit 220, a modulation / demodulation unit 230, a control signal / reference signal processing unit 240, an encoding / decoding unit 250, a data transmission / reception unit 260, and a control unit 270.

[0022] The wireless signal transceiver 210 transmits and receives wireless signals to and from BS100. The wireless signal transceiver 210 may consist of a transmitting unit that transmits wireless signals to BS100 and a receiving unit that receives wireless signals from BS100. The wireless signals may include control signals (reference signals) or data, or may be interpreted as control signals (reference signals) or data. Transmission may be interpreted as reporting, notification, etc. Reception may be interpreted as setting, instructing, notification, etc. Setting may be implemented by setting information (information elements (IE)) of the wireless resource control (RRC) layer. Instructions may be implemented by control elements (CE) of the media access control (MAC) layer, or by downlink control information (DCI).

[0023] The wireless signal transceiver 210 of this embodiment can receive downlink control information (DCI) from the BS100 via a carrier (perch carrier described later) that is accessible regardless of the type or operating environment of the UE200, which schedules paging messages. In this specification, DCI may be interpreted as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). Details of the type or operating environment of the UE200 will be described later. Furthermore, the wireless signal transceiver 210 of this embodiment can receive paging messages to the UE200 (scheduled by the DCI) based on this DCI.

[0024] The wireless signal transceiver 210 of this embodiment can receive a DCI that schedules a paging message in a paging opportunity (PO) set for each type of UE200. A PO may include a set of PDCCH monitoring opportunities (for paging). A PO may be set differently for each type of UE200. Note that "POs are different for each type of UE200" may be interpreted as "POs are distributed (in the time direction) for each type of UE200."

[0025] The wireless signal transceiver 210 of the embodiment may receive parameters for setting the PO. The parameters for setting the PO may differ for each type of UE200. The parameters for setting the PO are received, for example, via the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. The parameters for setting the PO are, for example, information (information elements) described in 3GPP TS38.331 V18.2.0, specifically pagingSearchSpace, firstPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionOfPO, and nrofPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionPerSSB-InPO. pagingSearchSpace is an identifier (ID) of the search space for paging. firstPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionOfPO indicates the first PDCCH monitoring opportunity in each PO within a paging frame (PF). nrofPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionPerSSB-InPO indicates the number of PDCCH monitoring opportunities corresponding to SSBs within the PO.

[0026] The PO may be determined based on the identifier (UE ID) that the network assigns to the UE200. Specifically, the PO index (i_s) may be determined by the following formula: where UE_ID is the UE ID, N is the total number of PFs in the UE200's DRX cycle, and Ns is the number of POs in the PFs. The UE ID may also be calculated as the remainder when 5G-S-TMSI is divided by 4096 or 1024, or by other methods. i_s = floor (UE_ID / N) mod Ns

[0027] The UE ID of the embodiment may be determined based on the 5G-S-TMSI or based on the type of UE200. In the latter case, the UE ID may be determined based on the type of UE200 such that the PO index differs for each type of UE200. Thus, the PO index may differ for each type of UE200. Note that "the PO index differs for each type of UE200" may be interpreted as "the PO is distributed (in the time direction) for each type of UE200."

[0028] Alternatively, in the above formula, a new ID indicating the type of UE200 may be used instead of the UE ID (or 5G-S-TMSI) to determine the PO index. This means that the PO index may differ for each type of UE200. Furthermore, in the above formula, information indicating the type of UE200 may be used along with the UE ID to determine the PO index. This information indicating the type of UE200 may be included in broadcast information or RRC messages. Thus, it can be said that the UE200 sets (determines) the PO based on the information indicating the type of UE200. In addition, the UE200 may be divided into subgroups for each type of UE200, and one or more POs may be associated with each subgroup. The UE200 (control unit 270) may monitor the POs associated with the subgroup to which it belongs.

[0029] A PF is a wireless frame. A PF may contain one or more POs, and may contain the starting point of a PO. That is, a PO is included in the PF. The wireless frame number (SFN) of a PF may also be determined by the following formula: PF_offset is the offset used to determine the PF, T is the DRX cycle of UE200, N is the total number of PFs in the DRX cycle of UE200, and UE_ID is the UE ID. The UE ID may be calculated as the remainder when 5G-S-TMSI is divided by 4096 or 1024, or by other methods. (SFN + PF_offset) mod T = (T div N)*(UE_ID mod N)

[0030] The UE ID of the embodiment may be determined based on the 5G-S-TMSI or based on the type of UE200. In the latter case, the UE ID may be determined based on the type of UE200, such that the SFN of the PF differs for each type of UE200. Thus, the SFN of the PF may differ for each type of UE200. Note that "the SFN of the PF differs for each type of UE200" may be interpreted as "the PF is distributed (in the time direction) for each type of UE200."

[0031] Alternatively, in the above formula, the PF's SFN may be determined using a new ID indicating the type of UE200 instead of the UE ID (or 5G-S-TMSI). This means that the PF's SFN may differ for each type of UE200. Also, similar to the determination of the PO's index, the PF's SFN may be determined in the above formula using the above information indicating the type of UE200 along with the UE ID.

[0032] The wireless signal transmission / reception unit 210 of this embodiment may transmit capability information to the BS100 indicating that it is monitoring the PO set for each type of UE200.

[0033] In this specification, the terms "cell," "beam," "frequency," "frequency band," "band," and "carrier" may be used interchangeably.

[0034] The amplifier section 220 consists of a Power Amplifier (PA) and a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), among other components. The amplifier section 220 amplifies the wireless signal output from the wireless signal transmission / reception unit 210. The amplifier section 220 also amplifies the wireless signal output from the modulation / demodulation unit 230.

[0035] The modulation / demodulation unit 230 performs data modulation / demodulation, transmission power setting, and resource block allocation for each predetermined communication destination (BS100 or other BS100). CP-OFDM / DFT-S-OFDM may be applied in the modulation / demodulation unit 230. Furthermore, DFT-S-OFDM may be used not only for the uplink (UL) but also for the downlink (DL).

[0036] The control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 performs processing related to control signals transmitted to and from the BS100, such as radio resource control (RRC) signaling.

[0037] The control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 performs processing related to reference signals transmitted to and from the BS100, such as the Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS).

[0038] Channels include control channels and data channels. Control channels include physical uplink control channels (PUCCH), physical downlink control channels (PDCCH), physical random access channels (PRACH), and physical broadcast channels (PBCH). Data channels include physical uplink sharing channels (PUSCH) and physical downlink sharing channels (PDSCH).

[0039] The encoding / decoding unit 250 performs data splitting / concatenation and coding / decoding for each predetermined communication destination (BS100 or other BS100).

[0040] Specifically, the encoding / decoding unit 250 decodes the data output from the modulation / demodulation unit 230 and concatenates the decoded data. Also, the encoding / decoding unit 250 divides the data output from the data transmission / reception unit 260 into a predetermined size and performs coding on the divided data.

[0041] The data transmission / reception unit 260 performs operations such as assembling / decomposing data units (Protocol Data Unit (PDU) / Service Data Unit (SDU)) that constitute data between each layer. The plurality of layers include a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and the like. Also, the data transmission / reception unit 260 performs error correction and retransmission control of data based on Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ).

[0042] The control unit 270 controls the UE 200. For example, the control unit 270 controls the transmission / reception of radio signals by the radio signal transmission / reception unit 210, the amplification by the amplifier unit 220, the data modulation / demodulation by the modulation / demodulation unit 230, the signal processing by the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240, the coding / decoding by the encoding / decoding unit 250, and the assembling / decomposing of data units by the data transmission / reception unit 260.

[0043] The control unit 270 of the embodiment can monitor the PO set for each type of the UE 200. Specifically, the control unit 270 of the embodiment can monitor one PO for each DRX cycle. At this PO, the above-described radio signal transmission / reception unit 210 can receive DCI for scheduling a paging message.

[0044] The control unit 270 of the embodiment can set a PO to be monitored based on the information regarding the type of the above-described UE 200 in an accessible carrier (partial carrier) regardless of the type or usage environment of the UE 200.

[0045] The control unit 270 of the embodiment can start initial access using a partial carrier according to the paging message described above, or can start initial access using a carrier suitable for the type or usage environment of the UE 200 other than the partial carrier. The carrier suitable for the type or usage environment of the UE 200 may be notified from the BS 100 via notification information. The carrier suitable for the type or usage environment of the UE 200 may be a data carrier described later.

[0046] The notification information may be a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB). The notification information may include an information element indicating a carrier suitable for the type or usage environment of the UE 200, which is set for each type or usage environment of the UE 200. For example, the notification information may include, as an information element indicating the type of the UE 200, an information element indicating a carrier suitable for a RedCap terminal and an information element indicating a carrier suitable for an XR terminal. Alternatively, for example, the notification information may include, as an information element indicating the usage environment of the UE 200, an information element indicating a carrier suitable for URLLC and an information element indicating a carrier suitable for V2X. Further, each information element may indicate a plurality of carriers, and in this case, a priority may be set for each carrier. Note that the "information element" in this specification may be read as "information".

[0047] For example, when the UE 200 is an XR terminal, the control unit 270 of the embodiment can refer to an information element indicating a carrier suitable for the XR terminal among the information elements set for each type or usage environment of the UE 200 included in the notification information. Further, the control unit 270 of the embodiment can start initial access using the carrier indicated by the referred information element. Alternatively, the control unit 270 of the embodiment can start initial access using the carrier with the highest priority among the plurality of carriers indicated by the referred information element.

[0048] (2.2) Functional Block Configuration Diagram of Base Station As shown in FIG. 5, the BS 100 includes a radio signal transceiver unit 110 and a control unit 120.

[0049] The wireless signal transceiver 110 transmits and receives wireless signals to and from the UE 200. The wireless signal transceiver 110 may consist of a transmitting unit that transmits wireless signals to the UE 200 and a receiving unit that receives wireless signals from the UE 200. The wireless signals may include control signals (reference signals) or data, or may be interpreted as control signals (reference signals) or data. Transmission may be interpreted as setting, instruction, notification, etc. Reception may be interpreted as reporting, notification, etc. Setting may be implemented by setting information (information elements (IE)) of the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. Instructions may be implemented by control elements (CE) of the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, or by downlink control information (DCI).

[0050] The wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 110 can receive the information transmitted by the wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 210 described above. Furthermore, the wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 110 can transmit the information received by the wireless signal transmitting / receiving unit 210 described above.

[0051] The control unit 120 controls the BS100. The control unit 120 controls, for example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals by the wireless signal transmission / reception unit 110. The control unit 120 also anticipates the operation of the UE200. The control unit 120 can control the BS100 by anticipating the operation of the UE200.

[0052] The control unit 120 can control the handover (HO) of the UE200. HO may be understood as a transition from the BS100 to which the UE200 is connected to another BS100. Alternatively, HO may be understood as a transition from the cell to which the UE200 is connected to another cell. The source and destination cells of the UE200 transition may be provided by one BS100 or by different BS100s. Note that HO may be reinterpreted as cell transition, cell change, beam change, or other terms.

[0053] (3) Perch Carrier The perch carrier will be explained with reference to Figure 6. One of the purposes of the perch carrier is to enable on-demand data communication in the data carrier. That is, a terminal can access the data carrier when data is generated, and access the perch carrier otherwise. This enables Network Energy Saving (NES). Note that the term "access" may be interpreted interchangeably with the terms "cell selection" or "cell re-selection".

[0054] A perch carrier may be understood as a carrier having at least one of the following characteristics: • It is a carrier accessible to all terminals. • It is a carrier accessible regardless of terminal type or operating environment (however, some terminals that meet different conditions from their type or operating environment may be configured to be inaccessible). Examples of terminal types include enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) terminals, Reduced Capability (RedCap) terminals, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) terminals, XR terminals, NTN terminals, IoT terminals, Industrial IoT terminals, NarrowBand IoT (NB-IoT) terminals, Low-Power Wake-Up Signal (LPWUS) terminals, and Small Data Transmission (SDT) terminals. The terminal's operating environment includes, for example, the access type (e.g., 3GPP, non-3GPP), use case (e.g., Immersive Communication, Ubiquitous Connectivity), and service type (e.g., Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC), Vehicle to X (V2X), Multicast and Broadcast Service (MBS), Broadcast Service). It is a carrier that is accessible regardless of whether data communication is present (a carrier not intended for data communication). It is a carrier to which control information (common signal) such as SSB / MIB / SIB (e.g., SIB1) is transmitted. The SSB / MIB / SIB transmitted and received on the perch carrier may include information about other carriers (data carrier (Band C), anchor carrier (Bands A and B) in the diagram). Information about other carriers is, for example, information that allows a terminal accessing the perch carrier to select another carrier (to perform initial access to another carrier). Furthermore, if another carrier transitions to Network Energy Saving mode (NES mode), the information about the other carrier may include information about NES mode.Information regarding NES mode includes, for example, Cell DTX config (periodicity), Cell DRX config (periodicity), and SSB periodicity. It is a carrier in a lower frequency band (e.g., 800 MHz) compared to the data carrier (Band C) that transmits and receives data, or the anchor carrier (Bands A and B) that transmits and receives control information.

[0055] A perch carrier may also be called a perch cell or perch band. Furthermore, a perch carrier may also be called an anchor carrier or anchor band. Unlike conventional anchor carriers, a perch carrier can transmit information about other carriers, as described above.

[0056] A perch carrier may be recognizable by the terminal by default, or it may be configured by the network (base station). A perch carrier may be understood as a perch carrier group consisting of multiple perch carriers.

[0057] (4) Operation of the wireless communication system (4.1) Issues When a perch carrier is introduced, it is expected that the perch carrier will be used by a large number of terminals, so there was a risk that the timing of receiving DCIs that schedule paging messages would overlap among terminals. Consequently, there was a risk that initial access by terminals using the perch carrier would be concentrated in a short period of time.

[0058] (4.2) An example of operation will be described with reference to Figure 7. As a premise for this example of operation, it is assumed that UE200 is accessing a perch carrier. It is also assumed that UE200 is receiving broadcast information from BS100 via the perch carrier. The broadcast information may include an information element indicating a carrier suitable for the type of UE200 or the operating environment. This information element may be set for each type of UE200 or the operating environment.

[0059] The UE200 shall be able to recognize its own type. Furthermore, the operating environment of the UE200 may be notified from the NF of the CN30 via the Non-Access Stratum (NAS). Alternatively, the operating environment of the UE200 may be notified from the NAS to the Access Stratum (AS) within the UE200.

[0060] As shown in Figure 7, the UE200 monitors the PO, which is determined based on its type, via the parch carrier. As mentioned above, the PO is determined and set on the UE200 differently for each type of UE200. The UE200 can receive paging messages (DCIs scheduling them) via the parch carrier in a set of PDCCH monitoring opportunities (for paging) included in this PO. That is, the UE200 can receive paging messages in PCCH / PCH / PDSCH when it receives PDCCH with P-RNTI (DCI format 1_0 with P_RNTI).

[0061] In other words, when a UE200 performs paging / PDCCH monitoring on a parch carrier, it can change the monitored PO (or PDCCH monitoring opportunity for paging) according to its type. Specifically, the parameters that determine the PDCCH monitoring opportunity for paging may differ for each type of UE200. Examples of these parameters include pagingSearchSpace, firstPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionOfPO, and nrofPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionPerSSB-InPO. Furthermore, the PO or PF may also differ for each type of UE200. Since the PO or PF is calculated based on the UE ID, the UE IDs may be allocated so that the PO or PF is distributed among the different types of UE200.

[0062] When the UE200 receives a paging message via a perch carrier, instead of selecting the perch carrier, it can select a carrier appropriate to the type of UE200 or its operating environment as notified via the aforementioned notification information, and perform initial access on that carrier. Alternatively, when the UE200 receives a paging message via a perch carrier, it can also select the perch carrier and perform initial access on that carrier.

[0063] The paging message may include an indicator that shows the UE200's usage environment (access type / use case / service type). This indicator may also indicate the DL's data type. This indicator may also be included in the PDCCH (DCI) that schedules the paging message. In this case, instead of selecting a perch carrier, the UE200 can select a carrier suitable for the indicator showing the UE200's usage environment included in the paging message (or the PDCCH (DCI) that schedules the paging message), and perform initial access on that carrier.

[0064] As described above, the UE200 can select a frequency band suitable for its type or operating environment and perform initial access on that carrier. This frequency band selection may also be referred to as cell (re)selection.

[0065] The UE200 capability information applicable to the above-described operational examples may also be as follows: • Capability information to (re)select a frequency band / cell (with higher priority) according to the terminal type or usage environment (access type / use case / service type) • Capability information to (re)select a frequency band / cell (with higher priority) according to the terminal type or usage environment (access type / use case / service type) by referring to broadcast information that includes the frequency band to be (re)selected (and the priority set for that frequency band) for each terminal type or usage environment (access type / use case / service type) • On the perch carrier, by referring to broadcast information that includes the frequency band to be (re)selected (and the priority set for that frequency band) for each terminal type or usage environment (access type / use case / service type) according to the terminal type or usage environment (access type / use case / service type) Capability information to (re)select a (high priority) frequency band / cell; Capability information to perform initial access to other carriers by referring to broadcast information containing resources for performing initial access to other carriers on the perch carrier; Capability information to perform initial access to other carriers by referring to broadcast information containing information necessary for performing initial access to other carriers on the perch carrier; Capability information to (re)select a frequency band / cell other than the perch carrier when a paging message is received via the perch carrier, depending on the terminal type or usage environment (access type / use case / service type); Capability information to (re)select a frequency band / cell other than the perch carrier based on an information element (indicator) indicating the DL data type included in the paging message, depending on the terminal usage environment (access type / use case / service type); Capability information to monitor PO set for each terminal type.

[0066] (5) Effects and Functions According to the embodiment described above, the UE200 can receive a DCI that schedules paging messages in the PO set for each of its types. This makes it possible to distribute the timing of receiving paging messages even in situations where many UE200s are accessing, such as a perch carrier. It also makes it possible to avoid the resulting concentration of initial access.

[0067] (6) Other Embodiments Although the contents of the present invention have been described above in accordance with the embodiments, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to these descriptions and that various modifications and improvements are possible.

[0068] The UE may report the following capability information to the BS: • Capability information for each operational example • Capability information for options in the operational example, or for combinations of options • Capability information for variations in the operational example, or for combinations of variations

[0069] UE can report the above capability information for each frequency. Specifically, it can report the above capability information for each UE, each FR1, each FR2, each FR2-1, each FR2-2, each FR3, each SCS, each band, each BC, each FC, and each FSPC.

[0070] The UE can report the above capability information for each cell. Specifically, it can report the above capability information for each UE, each cell, and each TDD and FDD.

[0071] In this disclosure, whether or not to apply an example of operation, which example of operation to apply, and / or which option or variation to use may be any of the following: • Set by a higher-layer parameter. • Determined by the relevant higher-layer parameter. • Indicated by MAC CE or DCI. • Determined based on UE capability. • As described in the specification. • Based on conditions described in the specification. • Determined by the setting of a higher-layer parameter / MAC CE / DCI and the reported UE capability (a combination of the above determinations).

[0072] In this disclosure, multiple options and variations may be combined as a single option / variation.

[0073] In this disclosure, the measurement RS may be a QCL resource RS in an active TCI state or a specified TCI state.

[0074] In this disclosure, the UE may receive information from the network in the following types (in this disclosure, the network may be referred to as the gNB): • Information via upper-layer signaling (e.g., RRC messages, LPP messages) • MAC CE • MAC CE with a new LCID in the subheader • Extensions to existing MAC CEs (e.g., introduction of a new ocset) • DCI • DCI field: existing / newly introduced DCI field • RNTI: DCI with a CRC scrambled by an existing / newly introduced RNTI • DCI format: existing / newly introduced DCI format • Combinations of these

[0075] In this disclosure, the UE may receive information from the network in the following periodic types: • Periodic • Semi-persistent (triggered by instructions from the UE or gNB) • Aperiodic (triggered by instructions from the UE or gNB)

[0076] In this disclosure, the UE may receive information from the network using the following QCL rules: • QCL type A • QCL type B • QCL type C • QCL type D

[0077] In this disclosure, the QCL resource RS for each QCL type may be as follows: • SSB • CSI-RS with / without repetition • TRS • PDCCH / PDSCH DMRS

[0078] In this disclosure, information from the network may be configured / instructed as follows: • UE common / UE dedicated • Cell specific / Cell common • Per UE / Per CC / Per BWP / Per band / Per cell / Per CG

[0079] In this disclosure, the UE may report information to the network in the following types (in this disclosure, the network may be referred to as the gNB): • Information via upper-layer signaling (e.g., RRC messages, LPP messages) • MAC CE • MAC CE with a new LCID in the subheader • Extensions to existing MAC CEs (e.g., introduction of a new ocset) • UCI • UCI on PUCCH or PUSCH • A combination of these

[0080] In this disclosure, the UE may report information to the network in the following periodic types: • Periodic • Semi-persistent (triggered by instructions from the UE or gNB) • Aperiodic (triggered by instructions from the UE or gNB)

[0081] The examples of operation described above may be combined and applied in combination, as long as no inconsistencies arise.

[0082] The block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments show functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may also be realized by combining software with the one or more of the above devices.

[0083] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, judgment, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, assumption, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0084] For example, the base station 100 and terminal 200 in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as computers that process the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 100 and terminal 200 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The above-mentioned base station 100 and terminal 200 may be physically configured as computer devices including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc.

[0085] In the following explanation, the term "device" can be replaced with "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 100 and terminal 200 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured to omit some of the devices.

[0086] Each function in the base station 100 and terminal 200 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0087] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may consist of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control units, arithmetic units, registers, and so on.

[0088] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. Furthermore, although it has been explained that the above processes are executed by one processor 1001, they may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The program may also be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0089] Memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), etc. Memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory, etc. Memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for carrying out a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0090] The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: an optical disc such as a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., Compact Disc, Digital Multipurpose Disc, Blu-ray® Disc), a smart card, flash memory (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a floppy® disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, server, or other suitable medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0091] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transceiver / receiver device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD).

[0092] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, LED lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0093] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0094] Furthermore, the base station 100 and terminal 200 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of each functional block may be realized by such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0095] Information notification is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, information notification may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), upper layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), other signals, or combinations thereof. RRC signaling may also be called RRC messages, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc.

[0096] Each aspect / embodiment described herein may apply to systems utilizing Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA®, GSM®, CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi®), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX®), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth®, and other appropriate systems, as well as at least one of the next-generation systems that are extended, modified, created, or defined based thereon. Furthermore, multiple systems may be applied in combination (for example, a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0097] The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be reordered, provided they do not contradict each other. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present various step elements using exemplary order and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0098] The specific operations described in this disclosure as being performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal can be performed by the base station and at least one other network node (for example, an MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates the case where there is one other network node besides the base station, it may also be a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW).

[0099] Information and signals (such as data) can be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer). Input and output may occur via multiple network nodes.

[0100] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to other devices.

[0101] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value (true or false), or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0102] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between as needed during implementation. Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., notification that "X is") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be implicit (e.g., by not providing such notification).

[0103] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0104] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0105] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different technologies. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0106] In addition, terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may be a signal (signaling). Also, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0107] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable.

[0108] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a given value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by an index.

[0109] The names used for the parameters described above are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, the formulas and other expressions using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0110] In this disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission / reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0111] A base station can house one or more (e.g., three) cells (also called sectors). If a base station houses multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which may be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a Remote Radio Head, RRH). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems providing communication services in that coverage.

[0112] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform control or operation based on the information.

[0113] In this disclosure, terms such as “terminal,” “user terminal,” “Mobile Station (MS),” and “User Equipment (UE)” may be used interchangeably.

[0114] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate term.

[0115] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body refers to a movable object, and its speed of movement is arbitrary. This also includes the case when the mobile body is stationary. The mobile body includes, but is not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items mounted on them. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operation commands. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile body (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0116] Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, the terminal 200 may have the functions that the base station 100 has. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., may be interpreted as side channel.

[0117] Similarly, the term "terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station 100 may be configured to have the same functions as the terminal 200 described above.

[0118] Figure 9 shows an example of the configuration of vehicle 2001. As shown in Figure 9, vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013.

[0119] The drive unit 2002 is composed of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor.

[0120] The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel, which is operated by the user.

[0121] The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and communication ports (IO ports) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2027 installed in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0122] Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2029 include current signals from the current sensor 2021 that senses motor current, front and rear wheel rotation speed signals obtained by the rotation speed sensor 2022, front and rear wheel air pressure signals obtained by the air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals obtained by the vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals obtained by the acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depression signals obtained by the accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal depression signals obtained by the brake pedal sensor 2026, shift lever operation signals obtained by the shift lever sensor 2027, and detection signals obtained by the object detection sensor 2028 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0123] The Information Services Unit 2012 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including car navigation systems, audio systems, speakers, televisions, and radios, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Services Unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via communication modules 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001.

[0124] The Information Services Unit 2012 may include input devices that accept input from external sources (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) and output devices that output to external sources (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.).

[0125] The driver assistance system unit 2030 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Inertial Navigation System (INS)), Artificial Intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 2030 also sends and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0126] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via its communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 sends and receives data via the communication port 2033 between the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, the microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 2029 provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0127] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station or a mobile station.

[0128] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021 to 2029, the information service unit 2012, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above input.

[0129] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, vehicle-to-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 installed in the vehicle. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, it outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 2013).

[0130] Furthermore, the communication module 2013 stores various information received from external devices in memory 2032, which is available to the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, etc., which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0131] As used in this disclosure, the terms “determining” and “determining” may encompass a wide variety of actions. “Determining” may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, or inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), or ascertaining. “Determining” may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, or accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory). Furthermore, “determining” may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or comparing. In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include considering that some action has been "judged" or "decided." Also, "judgment (decision)" can be reinterpreted as "assuming," "expecting," or "considering."

[0132] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” and any variations thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be reinterpreted as “access.” As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be “connected” or “coupled” with each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, in some non-limiting and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain.

[0133] The reference signal may also be abbreviated as RS and may be called Pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0134] In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on."

[0135] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0136] In the configuration of each of the above devices, "means" may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0137] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0138] A wireless frame may consist of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of these frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0139] Numerology may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. Numerology may include, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0140] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). A slot may also be a time unit based on neurology.

[0141] A slot may include multiple mini-slots. Each mini-slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Mini-slots may also be called sub-slots. Mini-slots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0142] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Different names may be used for each of these terms.

[0143] For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1 to 13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0144] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each terminal to allocate radio resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0145] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Note that when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) in which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the given TTI.

[0146] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling may be controlled.

[0147] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may also be called a normal TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, or a slot. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may also be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini-slot, a sub-slot, or a slot.

[0148] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0149] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0150] Furthermore, the time domain of RB may contain one or more symbols and may be the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0151] One or more RBs may also be called Physical RBs (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0152] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area of ​​one subcarrier and one symbol. A bandwidth part (BWP) (also called a partial bandwidth, etc.) may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a given neurology in a given carrier. Here, the common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0153] A BWP may include BWPs for UL (UL BWP) and BWPs for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured within a single carrier for a UE.

[0154] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will send or receive a given signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0155] The structures described above, such as wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within a TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0156] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may mean the maximum transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0157] In this disclosure, if articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0158] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0159] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the intent and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the descriptions in the present disclosure are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way.

[0160] (Note) The disclosure described above may also be expressed as follows:

[0161] The first feature is a terminal that includes a receiving unit that receives downlink control information for scheduling paging messages from a base station via a carrier accessible regardless of the type of terminal or usage environment, and a control unit that monitors paging opportunities set for each type of terminal, wherein the receiving unit is a terminal that receives the downlink control information during the paging opportunity.

[0162] The second feature is that, in the first feature, the receiving unit receives parameters for setting the paging opportunity, and these parameters may differ for each type of terminal.

[0163] A third feature is that, in the first or second feature, the paging opportunity may be determined based on the identifier of the terminal, and the identifier may be determined based on the type of terminal.

[0164] The fourth feature is that, in the third feature, the index of paging opportunities may differ for each type of terminal.

[0165] The fifth feature is that, in any of the first to fourth features, the paging opportunity is included in the paging frame, and the wireless frame number of the paging frame is different for each type of terminal.

[0166] The sixth feature is that, in any of the first to fifth features, the terminal may be equipped with a transmitting unit that transmits capability information to the base station indicating that it monitors paging opportunities set for each type of terminal.

[0167] Furthermore, the terminal may also include a control unit that sets up paging opportunities based on information about the terminal type in a carrier accessible regardless of the terminal type or usage environment, and a receiving unit that monitors the paging opportunities set up in the carrier based on information about the terminal type, receives downlink control information transmitted from a base station, and receives paging messages to the terminal based on the downlink control information.

[0168] 10 Wireless communication system 20 NG-RAN 30 CN 100 Base station 110 Wireless signal transmission / reception unit 120 Control unit 200 Terminal 210 Wireless signal transmission / reception unit 220 Amplifier unit 230 Modulation / demodulation unit 240 Control signal / reference signal processing unit 250 Encoding / decoding unit 260 Data transmission / reception unit 270 Control unit 300 AMF 400 NWDAF 1001 Processor 1002 Memory 1003 Storage 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device 1007 Bus 2001 Vehicle 2002 Drive unit 2003 Steering unit 2004 Accelerator pedal 2005 Brake pedal 2006 Shift lever 2007 Left and right front wheels 2008 Left and right rear wheels 2009 Axle 2010 Electronic Control Unit 2012 Information Services Unit 2013 Communication Module 2021 Current Sensor 2022 Rotation Speed ​​Sensor 2023 Air Pressure Sensor 2024 Vehicle Speed ​​Sensor 2025 Acceleration Sensor 2026 Brake Pedal Sensor 2027 Shift Lever Sensor 2028 Object Detection Sensor 2029 Accelerator Pedal Sensor 2030 Driving Assistance System Unit 2031 Microprocessor 2032 Memory (ROM, RAM) 2033 Communication Port (IO Port)

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives downlink control information for scheduling paging messages from a base station via a carrier accessible regardless of the type or environment of the terminal; and a control unit that monitors paging opportunities set for each type of terminal, wherein the receiving unit receives the downlink control information during the paging opportunity.

2. The receiving unit receives parameters for setting the paging opportunity, and the parameters differ for each type of terminal, as described in claim 1.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the paging opportunity is determined based on the identifier of the terminal, and the identifier is determined based on the type of terminal.

4. The terminal according to claim 3, wherein the index of the paging opportunity differs for each type of terminal.

5. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the paging opportunity is included in a paging frame, and the wireless frame number of the paging frame differs for each type of terminal.

6. The terminal according to claim 1, further comprising a transmitting unit that transmits capability information to the base station indicating that it monitors paging opportunities set for each type of terminal.

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