Systems and methods for communication in ambient internet of things service
The implementation of TNL associations and backscattering technology in AIoT services addresses the limitations of existing IoT technologies, enhancing communication efficiency and reducing power consumption and costs in harsh environments and small form factor devices.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing IoT technologies face challenges in supporting harsh communication environments, extremely small terminal form factors, and extremely low-cost communication, with limitations in network communication requirements such as power consumption and cost-effectiveness.
Implementing transport network layer (TNL) associations for ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) services, including establishing, updating, or reserving TNL associations between network nodes to support AIoT services, and using backscattering technology for communication, which involves converting environmental energy into electrical energy to power circuits and transmit information.
Enhances communication efficiency and reduces power consumption and costs in IoT scenarios by leveraging TNL associations and backscattering technology, ensuring reliable communication in harsh environments and small form factor devices.
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Figure CN2024121269_02042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATION IN AMBIENT INTERNET OF THINGS SERVICETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for communication in an ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) service.BACKGROUND
[0002] The standardization organization Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently in the process of specifying a new Radio Interface called 5G New Radio (5G NR) as well as a Next Generation Packet Core Network (NG-CN or NGC) . The 5G NR will have three main components: a 5G Access Network (5G-AN) , a 5G Core Network (5GC) , and a User Equipment (UE) . In order to facilitate the enablement of different data services and requirements, the elements of the 5GC, also called Network Functions, have been simplified with some of them being software based, and some being hardware based, so that they could be adapted according to need. Communication via satellite is one of the typical scenarios of the non-terrestrial networks in 3GPP standardization.SUMMARY
[0003] The example embodiments disclosed herein are directed to solving the issues relating to one or more of the problems presented in the prior art, as well as providing additional features that will become readily apparent by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompany drawings. In accordance with various embodiments, example systems, methods, devices and computer program products are disclosed herein. It is understood, however, that these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not limiting, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art who read the present disclosure that various modifications to the disclosed embodiments can be made while remaining within the scope of this disclosure.
[0004] At least one aspect is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium of the following. In some embodiments, a first network node (e.g., a wireless communication node or a core network node) may implement / determine (e.g., establish, update, select, or reserve) at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for an ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) service. The first network node may transmit a signaling using the at least one TNL association to a second network node (e.g., a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station or a gNB) or a core network node) . The first network node and the second network node may comprise a wireless communication node and a core network node. In some embodiments, implementing the at least one TNL association may further comprise at least one of: establishing, by the first network node, the at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for the AIoT service; or updating, by the first network node, the at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for the AIoT service.
[0005] In some embodiments, the signaling may include at least one of: a user equipment (UE) associated signaling for the AIoT service, or a non-UE associated signaling for the AIoT service. In some embodiments, the first network node may indicate a usage of the at least one TNL association to the second network node. In some embodiments, the usage of the at least one TNL association can be for at least one of: a user equipment (UE) associated signaling or a non-UE associated signaling. In some embodiments, the usage of the at least one TNL association can be for the AIoT service.
[0006] In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association can be related with an application function (AF) or a server. The first network node may transmit a first message using the at least one TNL association to the AF or the server. The first network node may receive a second message using the at least one TNL association from the AF or the server.
[0007] In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association can be related with a procedure. The first network node may transmit a first message using the at least one TNL association in the procedure. The first network node may receive a second message using the at least one TNL association in the procedure.
[0008] In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association can be associated with an identifier (ID) (e.g., an AF ID, a server ID, or a special ID) . The first network node may transmit a first message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association. The first network node may receive a second message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association.
[0009] In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association may have an identifier (ID) and the at least one TNL association can be allocated for a procedure. The first network node may transmit a first message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association. The first network node may receive a second message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association.
[0010] In some embodiments, a second network node (e.g., a wireless communication node or a core network node) may receive a signaling using at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for an ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) service from a first network node (e.g., a wireless communication node or a core network node) . The at least one TNL association can be implemented / determined (e.g., established, updated, selected, or reserved) by the first network node. The first network node and the second network node may comprise a wireless communication node and a core network node.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described in detail below with reference to the following figures or drawings. The drawings are provided for purposes of illustration only and merely depict example embodiments of the present solution to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present solution. Therefore, the drawings should not be considered limiting of the breadth, scope, or applicability of the present solution. It should be noted that for clarity and ease of illustration, these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0012] FIG. 1 illustrates an example cellular communication network in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0013] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example base station and a user equipment device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0014] FIG. 3 illustrates a flow diagram of an example method for supporting communication in an ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) service, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] 1. Mobile Communication Technology and Environment
[0016] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication network, and / or system, 100 in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the following discussion, the wireless communication network 100 may be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT) network, and is herein referred to as “network 100. ” Such an example network 100 includes a base station 102 (hereinafter “BS 102” ; also referred to as wireless communication node) and a user equipment device 104 (hereinafter “UE 104” ; also referred to as wireless communication device) that can communicate with each other via a communication link 110 (e.g., a wireless communication channel) , and a cluster of cells 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 overlaying a geographical area 101. In Figure 1, the BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within a respective geographic boundary of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 may include at least one base station operating at its allocated bandwidth to provide adequate radio coverage to its intended users.
[0017] For example, the BS 102 may operate at an allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide adequate coverage to the UE 104. The BS 102 and the UE 104 may communicate via a downlink radio frame 118, and an uplink radio frame 124 respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 may be further divided into sub-frames 120 / 127 which may include data symbols 122 / 128. In the present disclosure, the BS 102 and UE 104 are described herein as non-limiting examples of “communication nodes, ” generally, which can practice the methods disclosed herein. Such communication nodes may be capable of wireless and / or wired communications, in accordance with various embodiments of the present solution.
[0018] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., OFDM / OFDMA signals) in accordance with some embodiments of the present solution. The system 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating features that need not be described in detail herein. In one illustrative embodiment, system 200 can be used to communicate (e.g., transmit and receive) data symbols in a wireless communication environment such as the wireless communication environment 100 of Figure 1, as described above.
[0019] System 200 generally includes a base station 202 (hereinafter “BS 202” ) and a user equipment device 204 (hereinafter “UE 204” ) . The BS 202 includes a BS (base station) transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 220. The UE 204 includes a UE (user equipment) transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 240. The BS 202 communicates with the UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for transmission of data as described herein.
[0020] As would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, system 200 may further include any number of modules other than the modules shown in Figure 2. Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software can depend upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those familiar with the concepts described herein may implement such functionality in a suitable manner for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure
[0021] In accordance with some embodiments, the UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230 that includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuitry that is coupled to the antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) may alternatively couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in time duplex fashion. Similarly, in accordance with some embodiments, the BS transceiver 210 may be referred to herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210 that includes a RF transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuity that is coupled to the antenna 212. A downlink duplex switch may alternatively couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in time duplex fashion. The operations of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the uplink receiver circuitry is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212. Conversely, the operations of the two transceivers 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the downlink receiver is coupled to the downlink antenna 212 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the uplink transmitter is coupled to the uplink antenna 232. In some embodiments, there is close time synchronization with a minimal guard time between changes in duplex direction.
[0022] The UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via the wireless data communication link 250, and cooperate with a suitably configured RF antenna arrangement 212 / 232 that can support a particular wireless communication protocol and modulation scheme. In some illustrative embodiments, the UE transceiver 210 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards, and the like. It is understood, however, that the present disclosure is not necessarily limited in application to a particular standard and associated protocols. Rather, the UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 may be configured to support alternate, or additional, wireless data communication protocols, including future standards or variations thereof.
[0023] In accordance with various embodiments, the BS 202 may be an evolved node B (eNB) , a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femto station, or a pico station, for example. In some embodiments, the UE 204 may be embodied in various types of user devices such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , tablet, laptop computer, wearable computing device, etc. The processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented, or realized, with a general purpose processor, a content addressable memory, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. In this manner, a processor may be realized as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, or the like. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a digital signal processor core, or any other such configuration.
[0024] Furthermore, the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in firmware, in a software module executed by processor modules 214 and 236, respectively, or in any practical combination thereof. The memory modules 216 and 234 may be realized as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, memory modules 216 and 234 may be coupled to the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively, such that the processors modules 210 and 230 can read information from, and write information to, memory modules 216 and 234, respectively. The memory modules 216 and 234 may also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, the memory modules 216 and 234 may each include a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.
[0025] The network communication module 218 generally represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic, and / or other components of the base station 202 that enable bi-directional communication between base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communication with the base station 202. For example, network communication module 218 may be configured to support internet or WiMAX traffic. In a typical deployment, without limitation, network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface such that base station transceiver 210 can communicate with a conventional Ethernet based computer network. In this manner, the network communication module 218 may include a physical interface for connection to the computer network (e.g., Mobile Switching Center (MSC) ) . The terms “configured for, ” “configured to” and conjugations thereof, as used herein with respect to a specified operation or function, refer to a device, component, circuit, structure, machine, signal, etc., that is physically constructed, programmed, formatted and / or arranged to perform the specified operation or function.
[0026] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model (referred to herein as, “open system interconnection model” ) is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communication used by systems (e.g., wireless communication device, wireless communication node) open to interconnection and communication with other systems. The model is broken into seven subcomponents, or layers, each of which represents a conceptual collection of services provided to the layers above and below it. The OSI Model also defines a logical network and effectively describes computer packet transfer by using different layer protocols. The OSI Model may also be referred to as the seven-layer OSI Model or the seven-layer model. In some embodiments, a first layer may be a physical layer. In some embodiments, a second layer may be a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, a third layer may be a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, a fourth layer may be a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, a fifth layer may be a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, a sixth layer may be a Non Access Stratum (NAS) layer or an Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer being the other layer.
[0027] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described below with reference to the accompanying figures to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the present solution. As would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, after reading the present disclosure, various changes or modifications to the examples described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the present solution. Thus, the present solution is not limited to the example embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. Additionally, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed herein are merely example approaches. Based upon design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of steps of the disclosed methods or processes can be re-arranged while remaining within the scope of the present solution. Thus, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or acts in a sample order, and the present solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented unless expressly stated otherwise.
[0028] 2. Systems and Methods for Communication in Ambient Internet-of-Things (AIoT) Service
[0029] Although some Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, such as Machine Type Communication (MTC) and Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) , have provided low-cost, low-power consumption, and large connection capabilities for IoT terminals, there is still room for improvement in IoT scenarios. Additionally, there are network communication requirements that cannot be met using existing IoT technologies, such as in supporting harsh communication environments, extremely small terminal form factors, and / or extremely low-cost IoT communication.
[0030] Ambient IoT (AIoT) may refer to the utilization of backscattering technology and environmental energy harvesting to convert available signals and surrounding energy into electrical energy that can power its own circuits. Simultaneously, the AIoT may employ a communication mode centered around backscattering to transmit information to a target node. The notable features of AIoT can be its extremely low power consumption and cost-effectiveness. The AIoT can be widely applied across various IoT scenarios and can be considered a key communication technology for the future development of the IoT.
[0031] Implementation Example 1: Transport Network Layer (TNL) Association
[0032] In some embodiments, a first network node (e.g., a wireless communication node or a core network node) may implement / determine (e.g., establish, update, select, or reserve) at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for an ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) service. The first network node may transmit a signaling using (or according to) the at least one TNL association to a second network node (e.g., a wireless communication node (e.g., a base station or a gNB) or a core network node) . The first network node and the second network node may comprise a wireless communication node and a core network node (e.g., the first network node can comprise one of a wireless communication node or a core network node, while the second network node may comprise a remaining one of the core network node and the wireless communication node) . In some embodiments, implementing the at least one TNL association may further comprise at least one of: establishing, by the first network node, the at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for the AIoT service; or updating, by the first network node, the at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for the AIoT service.
[0033] In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association can be used for the communication between a gNB and a core network (CN) for (e.g., to support, initiate, facilitate, enable) an AIoT service. In some embodiments, the gNB and / or the CN can select a TNL association with a light load to transmit data. If a load is high, the gNB and / or the CN may select / choose a TNL association with a high load to transmit data, which may result in delays. In order to guarantee the communication between the gNB and the CN for the AIoT service, some TNL associations can be established or reserved for the AIoT service.
[0034] In some embodiments, some TNL associations can be established or reserved for the AIoT service. When an interface between the gNB and the CN is setup, some TNL associations can be setup, and the usage of the TNL associations can be for AIoT. Specifically, during the interface setup procedure, the gNB or the CN can indicate that some TNL associations are setup, and their usage can be for the AIoT service.
[0035] In some embodiments, the signaling may include at least one of: a user equipment (UE) associated signaling for the AIoT service, or a non-UE associated signaling for the AIoT service. For example, some TNL associations can be established or reserved for an AIoT UE-associated signaling, or an AIoT non-UE-associated signaling, or both. When the interface between gNB and CN is setup, some TNL associations can be setup, and the usage of the TNL associations can be for the AIoT UE-associated signaling, or the AIoT non-UE-associated signaling, or both. If a message for an AIoT UE is transmitted, such as a non-access stratum (NAS) transport message, the TNL association for AIoT UE-associated signaling can be selected / determined. If a message for a non AIoT UE is transmitted, such as an interface management message, the TNL association for AIoT non UE-associated signaling can be selected. Specifically, during the interface procedure, the gNB or the CN can indicate that some TNL associations are setup, and the usage of the TNL associations can be for the AIoT UE-associated signaling, or the AIoT non-UE-associated signaling, or both.
[0036] In some embodiments, the usage of the at least one TNL association can be for the AIoT service. For example, when some TNL associations are added, the usage of the TNL associations can be for the AIoT service. For another example, when the configuration of some TNL associations is updated, the usage of TNL associations can be for the AIoT service. Specifically, during a CN configuration update procedure or a radio access network (RAN) configuration update procedure, some TNL association can be added, and the usage of the TNL associations can be for the AIoT service. In some embodiments, during a CN configuration update procedure or a RAN configuration update procedure, some TNL association can be updated, and the usage of the TNL associations can be for the AIoT service.
[0037] In some embodiments, the usage of the at least one TNL association can be for at least one of: a user equipment (UE) associated signaling or a non-UE associated signaling. For example, when some TNL associations are added, the usage of the TNL associations can be for an AIoT UE-associated signaling, or an AIoT non-UE-associated signaling, or both. For another example, when the configuration of some TNL associations is updated, the usage of the TNL associations can be for an AIoT UE-associated signaling, or an AIoT non-UE-associated signaling, or both. Specifically, during a CN configuration update procedure or a RAN configuration update procedure, some TNL association can be added, and the usage of the TNL associations can be for an AIoT UE-associated signaling, or an AIoT non-UE-associated signaling, or both. In some embodiments, during a CN configuration update procedure or a RAN configuration update procedure, some TNL association can be updated, and the usage of the TNL associations can be for an AIoT UE-associated signaling, or an AIoT non-UE-associated signaling, or both. In certain embodiments, the gNB and / or the CN may select / identify a TNL association within some TNL associations whose usage is for the AIoT service, for use to communicate a message.
[0038] Implementation Example 2: Function
[0039] In order to guarantee / limit the delay / latency during a procedure, some TNL associations can be established or reserved for an AIoT procedure / service.
[0040] (1) In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association can be related / associated with an application function (AF) or a server. The first network node may transmit a first message using the at least one TNL association to the AF or the server. The first network node may receive a second message using the at least one TNL association from the AF or the server. For example, a TNL association can be related with an AF or a server. The message that is targeted to or from the same AF or server can be transmitted in / using the same TNL association. The CN or gNB can bind the TNL association with an AF or server. The gNB can feedback the message that is triggered by a message received in / using a TNL association, in / using the TNL association. In some embodiments, when some TNL associations are added or updated, the TNL associations can be bonded / associated / linked with an AF, a server ID, and / or a special ID. During a CN configuration update procedure, or a RAN configuration update procedure, and / or an interface setup procedure, some TNL associations can be added or updated. The TNL associations can be bonded (e.g., associated, linked) with an AF, a server ID, or a special ID. If the message carries an AF or server ID and / or a special ID, the message can be transmitted in the bonded TNL associations.
[0041] (2) In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association can be related / assocated with a procedure. The first network node may transmit a first message using the at least one TNL association in the procedure. The first network node may receive a second message using the at least one TNL association in the procedure. For example, a TNL association can be related with a procedure, such as an inventory / paging / command transmission of a message. The message that is triggered by the same inventory / paging / command transmission can be transmitted in / using the same TNL association. In an inventory / paging procedure, the results of inventory / paging can be delivered to the CN in batches. In order to guarantee / limit the delay / latency of the total procedure (e.g. inventory + command) , the messages in the total procedure can be delivered in / using a dedicated TNL association. In certain embodiments, the CN can select a TNL association to transmit inventory / paging message, the gNB can feedback the response from the UE in / using the TNL association, such as the message carrying the UE information or packet data unit (PDU) . The CN can transmit a DL NAS PDU message in (e.g., using, or according to) the TNL association. The gNB can feedback the response from the UE in the TNL association. For CN, the same TNL association can be used for the same inventory / paging message, and the different TNL association can be used for the different inventory / paging message. In such a manner, the message during a inventory / paging procedure can be distinguished via a TNL association.
[0042] (3) In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association can be associated with an identifier (ID) (e.g., an AF ID, a server ID, and / or a special ID) . The first network node may transmit a first message comprising the ID (s) , using the at least one TNL association. The first network node may receive a second message comprising the ID (s) , using the at least one TNL association. For example, a TNL association can be related with a special ID. The message carrying the same ID can be transmitted in a dedicated TNL association. The messages in the total / full procedure can carry the same ID and can be delivered in the same dedicated TNL association. The inventory / paging / command transmission message can carry a special ID and can be transmitted in a dedicated TNL association. The following message can carry the same ID and can be delivered in the same dedicated TNL association. In certain embodiments, the CN can select a TNL association to transmit inventory / paging message, and the message can carry a ID. The gNB can feedback the response from the UE in the TNL association, such as the message carrying the UE information or PDU, and the message carrying a same ID. The CN can transmit a DL NAS PDU message in the TNL association. The message may carry a same ID. The gNB can feedback the response from the UE in the TNL association and the message may carry a same ID.
[0043] (4) In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association may have an identifier (ID) and the at least one TNL association can be allocated / established for a procedure. The first network node may transmit a first message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association. The first network node may receive a second message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association. For example, some TNL association can be allocated for a procedure. The message can indicate / include at least one TNL association ID. The response message for the message can be transmitted in those TNL associations. In certain embodiments, the inventory / paging / command transmission message can carry some TNL association IDs. The following response message, such as the message carrying the UE information or PDU, can be delivered in the those indicated TNL associations. In such a way, the CN can distinguish for which message the response message is.
[0044] Implementation Example 3: CN selection
[0045] In some embodiments, a gNB can connect with multiple CNs (e.g. access and mobility management function (AMF) ) . For each UE, the gNB may have to select a CN. For AIoT devices, the methods for CN selection may include at least one of following.
[0046] Option 1: The gNB may select a CN based on the CN that sends an inventory / paging message. Upon receiving the inventory / paging message, the CN that transmits the message can be selected, and the gNB may bind the relationships between the CN, the inventory, and / or the AIoT device. If the gNB receives the inventory / paging message from a CN and is not aware of the AIoT device ID (e.g., S-temporary mobile subscriber identity (STMSI) , evolved packet core (EPC) ) that is carried in the inventory / paging message, the gNB can relate / associate the CN and inventory / paging. In some embodiments, if there is only one inventory / paging that is triggered, all the responses that the gNB receives from the device can be for this inventory / paging. The gNB can feedback those responses to the CN where the gNB receives the inventory / paging message. In some embodiments, if there are multiple inventories / paging that are triggered, the gNB can relate / associate the CN and inventory / paging via a special ID. If the inventory / paging can carry a special ID, the gNB can relate / associate the CN where gNB receives the inventory / paging message and the inventory with the special ID. All the responses received by the gNB from the device that are for the inventory / paging can carry the special ID. The gNB can feedback those responses with the same special ID to the CN.
[0047] Option 2: The gNB may select a CN based on the CN that sends an inventory / paging message. Upon receiving the inventory / paging message, the gNB may bind / establish / record the relationships between the CN, the inventory, and / or the AIoT device. If the gNB receives the inventory / paging message from a CN and is aware of the AIoT device ID (e.g., STMSI, EPC) that is carried in the inventory / paging message, the gNB can relate (e.g., associate, link) the CN and the device. If the gNB receives the inventory / paging message from a CN, and the message carries the AIoT device ID, all the responses received by the gNB from those devices can be delivered to the CN where the gNB receives the inventory / paging message.
[0048] Option 3: The AIoT device may report the CN ID, or the device ID reported by the AIoT device may include the CN ID. The message that AIoT device reports to gNB can carry the ID. According to the ID, the gNB can select a CN for the device.
[0049] Option 4: The gNB may select a default CN for the AIoT device, for example for newly registered AIoT devices. The gNB can feedback all the responses to the default CN.
[0050] Implementation Example 4: Function
[0051] Due to the presence of a small capacitor, some devices can maintain transmissions or receptions for a brief period. In instances where devices become unavailable due to depleted charge in the capacitor, either between or during operations, the devices may engage in energy harvesting. During the time, the devices may enter a SLEEP or power-saving state, allowing them to perform energy harvesting while conserving energy. Consequently, certain procedures may remain incomplete. During an inventory procedure, the gNB may transmit an inventory / paging message to the devices. The devices may receive the message and may satisfy the conditions. However, the devices may fail to respond to the inventory / paging message or provide feedback, such as the UE ID, due to ongoing energy harvesting. In a command transmission procedure, the gNB may send a downlink command to the devices. Nevertheless, the devices may fail to respond or provide feedback to the downlink command due to energy harvesting activities.
[0052] In order to resume the procedures (e.g., that are not completely performed / executed) , the gNB can identity the device again. If the device can be identified, the procedure can be resumed. The gNB can transmit the information that is received from the device, to the device for identification purposes. If the device can confirm the information was previously transmitted / provided by itself, the device may feedback / sent the confirmation message. In certain embodiments, during the inventory procedure, the gNB could receive information from a device. The information can be a random number or a UE identity or others. Then, the device can perform energy harvesting. When the gNB estimates that the device is available and tries to resume the procedure, the gNB can transmit a message that carries the information to identify the device. If the device receives the message, and confirms that the information was (previously) transmitted / provided by itself, the device can then feedback a confirmation message. The confirm message can carry the old information, the new information and / or a successful indication. The old information can be the information that was previously transmitted by itself. The new information can be a new random number. If the gNB can receive the confirmation message, the gNB can identify the device, and can resume the procedure. If the new information is delivered to the gNB, during the resumed procedure, the gNB can carry this new information in the gNB’s transmission (s) .
[0053] Implementation Example 5: Function
[0054] Due to the presence of a small capacitor, certain devices can maintain a transmission or a reception for a short time. Devices may perform energy harvesting in the cases where the devices become unavailable due to running out of charge between or during a procedure. A device may switch to a so-called SLEEP or a power saving state during which the device can perform energy harvesting and conserve energy. As a result, the procedure may not be completed. The device may fail to respond with an inventory / paging message or feedback the UE ID due to energy harvesting. During a command procedure, the gNB may transmit the DL command to the devices. However, the device may fail to respond or feedback the UL command due to energy harvesting.
[0055] In order to resume the procedure, the gNB can obtain the response from the device. The gNB can transmit a request message to obtain the response from the device. If the device can store a response message, the device can feedback / send the response. In certain embodiments, during the inventory / paging / command transmission procedure, the device can generate a response message. The device can perform the energy harvesting. When the gNB estimates that the device is available and tries to resume the procedure, the gNB can transmit a request message to obtain the response from device. The message can carry the indication that requests a UE to feedback the response, the UE information, or others. If the device receives the message, and stores a response message, the device may feedback the response message. The response message can carry the UE information, the response, and / or an indication about the message that the response is for. If the gNB can receive the response message, the gNB can resume the procedure.
[0056] It should be understood that one or more features from the above / following implementation examples are not exclusive to the specific implementation examples, but can be combined in any manner (e.g., in any priority and / or order, concurrently or otherwise) .
[0057] FIG. 3 illustrates a flow diagram of a method 300 for supporting communication in an ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) service. The method 300 may be implemented using any one or more of the components and devices detailed herein in conjunction with FIGs. 1–2. In overview, the method 300 may be performed by a wireless communication node or a core network node, in some embodiments. Additional, fewer, or different operations may be performed in the method 300 depending on the embodiment. At least one aspect of the operations is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium.
[0058] In some embodiments, a first network node (e.g., a wireless communication node or a core network node) may implement / determine (e.g., establish, update, select, or reserve) at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for an ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) service. The first network node may transmit a signaling using the at least one TNL association to a second network node (e.g., a wireless communication node or a core network node) . The first network node and the second network node may comprise a wireless communication node and a core network node. In some embodiments, implementing the at least one TNL association may further comprise at least one of: establishing, by the first network node, the at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for the AIoT service; or updating, by the first network node, the at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for the AIoT service.
[0059] In some embodiments, the signaling may include at least one of: a user equipment (UE) associated signaling for the AIoT service, or a non-UE associated signaling for the AIoT service. In some embodiments, the first network node may indicate a usage (e.g., target application / purpose / procedure / service) of the at least one TNL association to the second network node. In some embodiments, the usage of the at least one TNL association can be for at least one of:a user equipment (UE) associated signaling or a non-UE associated signaling. In some embodiments, the usage of the at least one TNL association can be for the AIoT service.
[0060] In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association can be related / assocated with an application function (AF) or a server. The first network node may transmit a first message using the at least one TNL association to the AF or the server. The first network node may receive a second message using the at least one TNL association from the AF or the server.
[0061] In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association can be related / associated with a procedure. The first network node may transmit a first message using the at least one TNL association in the procedure. The first network node may receive a second message using the at least one TNL association in the procedure.
[0062] In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association can be associated with at least one identifier (ID) (e.g., an AF ID, a server ID, or a special ID) . The first network node may transmit a first message comprising the at least one ID, using the at least one TNL association. The first network node may receive a second message comprising the at least one ID, using the at least one TNL association.
[0063] In some embodiments, the at least one TNL association may have an identifier (ID) and the at least one TNL association can be allocated / establlished for a procedure. The first network node may transmit a first message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association. The first network node may receive a second message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association.
[0064] In some embodiments, a second network node (e.g., a wireless communication node or a core network node) may receive a signaling using at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for an ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) service from a first network node (e.g., a wireless communication node or a core network node) . The at least one TNL association can be implemented / determined (e.g., established, updated, selected, or reserved) by the first network node. The first network node and the second network node may comprise a wireless communication node and a core network node.
[0065] While various embodiments of the present solution have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. Likewise, the various diagrams may depict an example architectural or configuration, which are provided to enable persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand example features and functions of the present solution. Such persons would understand, however, that the solution is not restricted to the illustrated example architectures or configurations, but can be implemented using a variety of alternative architectures and configurations. Additionally, as would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, one or more features of one embodiment can be combined with one or more features of another embodiment described herein. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described illustrative embodiments.
[0066] It is also understood that any reference to an element herein using a designation such as "first, " "second, " and so forth does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. Rather, these designations can be used herein as a convenient means of distinguishing between two or more elements or instances of an element. Thus, a reference to first and second elements does not mean that only two elements can be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in some manner.
[0067] Additionally, a person having ordinary skill in the art would understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits and symbols, for example, which may be referenced in the above description can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0068] A person of ordinary skill in the art would further appreciate that any of the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits, methods and functions described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., a digital implementation, an analog implementation, or a combination of the two) , firmware, various forms of program or design code incorporating instructions (which can be referred to herein, for convenience, as "software" or a "software module) , or any combination of these techniques. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware or software, or a combination of these techniques, depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans can implement the described functionality in various ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions do not cause a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0069] Furthermore, a person of ordinary skill in the art would understand that various illustrative logical blocks, modules, devices, components and circuits described herein can be implemented within or performed by an integrated circuit (IC) that can include a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof. The logical blocks, modules, and circuits can further include antennas and / or transceivers to communicate with various components within the network or within the device. A general purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration to perform the functions described herein.
[0070] If implemented in software, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Thus, the steps of a method or algorithm disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that can be enabled to transfer a computer program or code from one place to another. A storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
[0071] In this document, the term "module" as used herein, refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements for performing the associated functions described herein. Additionally, for purpose of discussion, the various modules are described as discrete modules; however, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, two or more modules may be combined to form a single module that performs the associated functions according embodiments of the present solution.
[0072] Additionally, memory or other storage, as well as communication components, may be employed in embodiments of the present solution. It will be appreciated that, for clarity purposes, the above description has described embodiments of the present solution with reference to different functional units and processors. However, it will be apparent that any suitable distribution of functionality between different functional units, processing logic elements or domains may be used without detracting from the present solution. For example, functionality illustrated to be performed by separate processing logic elements, or controllers, may be performed by the same processing logic element, or controller. Hence, references to specific functional units are only references to a suitable means for providing the described functionality, rather than indicative of a strict logical or physical structure or organization.
[0073] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein, as recited in the claims below.
Claims
1.A method comprising:implementing, by a first network node, at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for an ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) service; andtransmitting, by the first network node to a second network node, a signaling using the at least one TNL association, wherein the first network node and the second network node comprise a wireless communication node and a core network node.2.The method of claim 1, wherein implementing the at least one TNL association comprises at least one of:establishing, by the first network node, the at least one TNL association for the AIoT service; orupdating, by the first network node, the at least one TNL association for the AIoT service.3.The method of claim 1, wherein the signaling includes at least one of: a user equipment (UE) associated signaling for the AIoT service, or a non-UE associated signaling for the AIoT service.4.The method of claim 1, comprising:indicating, by the first network node to the second network node, a usage of the at least one TNL association.5.The method of claim 4, wherein the usage of the at least one TNL association is for at least one of: a user equipment (UE) associated signaling or a non-UE associated signaling.6.The method of claim 4, wherein the usage of the at least one TNL association is for the AIoT service.7.The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one TNL association is related with an application function (AF) or a server, and the method comprises:transmitting, by the first network node to the AF or the server, a first message using the at least one TNL association; orreceiving, by the first network node from the AF or the server, a second message using the at least one TNL association.8.The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one TNL association is related with a procedure, and the method comprises:transmitting, by the first network node in the procedure, a first message using the at least one TNL association; orreceiving, by the first network node in the procedure, a second message using the at least one TNL association.9.The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one TNL association is associated with an identifier (ID) , and the method comprises:transmitting, by the first network node, a first message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association; andreceiving, by the first network node, a second message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association.10.The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one TNL association has an identifier (ID) and is allocated for a procedure, and the method comprises:transmitting, by the first network node, a first message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association; orreceiving, by the first network node, a second message comprising the ID, using the at least one TNL association.11.A method comprising:receiving, by a second network node from a first network node, a signaling using at least one transport network layer (TNL) association for an ambient internet-of-things (AIoT) service,wherein the at least one TNL association is implemented by the first network node, andwherein the first network node and the second network node comprise a wireless communication node and a core network node.12.A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions, which when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-11.13.An apparatus comprising:at least one processor configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1-11.
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