Spiral air classifier

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of material separation in waste treatment, and in particular to a spiral air classifier. The spiral air classifier comprises a housing of a cylindrical structure, a discharging pipe arranged at the upper end of the housing, and a feeding pipe located on the upper side wall of the housing below the discharging pipe; a flow-disturbing disc for generating cyclonic airflow is provided in an inner cavity of the housing; a central pipe communicated with the feeding pipe is provided above the flow-disturbing disc; the flow-disturbing disc is transmittingly connected to a driving mechanism; a booster blower is provided on the feeding pipe, and a negative pressure blower is provided on the discharging pipe. The spiral air classifier can achieve separation of impurities by means of cyclonic airflow and centrifugal force, and be used for removing impurities such as sand, soil and gravel having high specific gravity from materials such as plastic films that have low specific gravity and easily float in the air. The spiral air classifier has high separation efficiency, and is particularly applicable to materials having high impurity content.

Description

Spiral air screen TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material separation in waste treatment, and more particularly to a spiral air screen. BACKGROUND

[0002] A large amount of plastic film is used in the field of modern agricultural technology. With the increasing use of agricultural mulching film and the increasing service life, "white pollution" has been caused in some local areas, becoming a prominent problem in the green development of agriculture. It is very urgent and important to promote agricultural film recycling. Agricultural film recycling and processing is divided into two stages of field collection and later crushing. The field collection stage mainly collects agricultural films in the field, and at the same time, simple arrangement and cleaning are carried out, and finally, it is packed for later crushing treatment. In the later crushing treatment stage, plant straws, sand, gravel and other impurities mixed in the waste agricultural film need to be removed first, and then a pulverizer or a shearing machine is used to process the large pieces of agricultural film into small pieces. The sand and gravel mixed in the agricultural film not only affect the quality of the recycled material, but also cause great harm to the blades of the pulverizer and shearing machine. My other Chinese patent application 2022115683049 discloses a plastic film crushing and deslagging machine, and the application publication number is CN115890979A. The crushing and deslagging machine includes a crushing chamber, a cutter head assembly installed in the crushing chamber, and a driving motor in transmission connection with the cutter head assembly. The crushing chamber is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is arranged at the upper end of the crushing chamber. The lower end of the crushing chamber is connected to a negative pressure chamber. The outlet is arranged on the side wall of the negative pressure chamber. The cutter head assembly is fixedly installed at the upper end of the central shaft. The lower end of the central shaft penetrates through the bottom plate of the negative pressure chamber and is in transmission connection with the driving motor. The negative pressure chamber is connected to a negative pressure generating device. The plastic film crushing and deslagging machine is not easy to jam, has good crushing effect, high efficiency, and also has a certain ability to separate impurities. However, the ability to separate impurities is limited, and the purity of the raw material is required to be high. The separation effect of sand and gravel is not ideal. SUMMARY

[0003] An object of the present application is to provide a spiral air screen for removing sand, gravel and other impurities with a larger specific gravity from plastic film and other materials with a small specific gravity and easy to float in the air, improving the separation efficiency of the materials and being suitable for materials with a high content of impurities.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present application, a spiral air screen is provided, comprising a cylindrical structure of a housing, a discharge pipe arranged at the upper end of the housing, and a feeding pipe arranged on the upper side wall of the housing below the discharge pipe. A turbulence disc for forming a cyclone is arranged in the inner cavity of the housing. A central pipe communicating with the feeding pipe is arranged above the turbulence disc. The turbulence disc is in transmission connection with a driving mechanism. A booster blower is arranged on the feeding pipe, and a negative pressure blower is arranged on the discharge pipe.

[0005] Through the scheme, the spoiler disc forms a cyclone in the shell, the feed pipe blows air into the shell, a pressure difference is formed in the shell, the lower pressure is large and the upper pressure is small, the plastic film and other materials with small specific gravity rotate at high speed and move upward, the impurities with large specific gravity such as sand and gravel are separated from the materials under the action of gravity and centrifugal force and sink, the impurity separation efficiency is high, and the device is suitable for materials with high impurity content.

[0006] Preferably, the spoiler disc is a horizontally arranged disc-shaped structure, the upper surface of the spoiler disc is connected with a spoiler plate, a plurality of triangular spoiler plates are uniformly distributed around the center of the spoiler disc, the lower surface of the spoiler disc is fixedly connected with a middle shaft at the center, and the middle shaft is in transmission connection with the driving motor.

[0007] Through the scheme, the rotating spoiler disc can form a high-speed rotating cyclone in the shell.

[0008] Preferably, a fixed screen is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, the fixed screen is coaxially arranged with the shell and a gap is arranged between the fixed screen and the shell.

[0009] Through the scheme, the fixed screen can limit the materials with small specific gravity and large volume in the inner cavity, and the sand and gravel with large specific gravity and small volume can pass through the fixed screen, so that the impurity separation efficiency is improved.

[0010] Preferably, the lower end of the fixed screen is gradually reduced in diameter and is in the shape of a trumpet mouth, and the trumpet mouth-shaped lower end is in gap cooperation with the edge of the spoiler disc.

[0011] Through the scheme, the diameter of the spoiler disc is small and the inner diameter of the shell is large, so that the dynamic balance performance of the spoiler disc is improved and the impurity separation efficiency is improved.

[0012] Preferably, an outlet bin is arranged at the upper end of the shell, a bin partition plate is arranged in the inner cavity of the outlet bin, the inner cavity of the outlet bin is divided into a fan cavity and a discharge cavity in communication with the inner cavity of the shell by the bin partition plate, one end of the fan cavity is in communication with the air outlet of the negative pressure blower, the other end of the fan cavity is in communication with the discharge pipe, and the discharge cavity is in communication with the discharge pipe.

[0013] Through the scheme, the negative pressure blower can generate negative pressure in the outlet bin, the material is sucked out by the negative pressure, and the high-speed airflow of the negative pressure blower helps to push the material to move in the discharge pipe, so that the discharge pipe is prevented from being blocked.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the outlet bin is in communication with the inner cavity of the shell, the bin partition plate is horizontally arranged in the inner cavity of the outlet bin, the negative pressure blower is in communication with the fan cavity through a variable-diameter pipe arranged on the rear end side wall of the outlet bin, and the discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the front end side wall of the outlet bin and is in communication with the fan cavity and the discharge cavity.

[0015] Through the scheme, the discharge bin structure is compact, and the discharging is smooth and good.

[0016] Preferably, the feeding pipe is transversely arranged, the front end of the feeding pipe is inserted through the side wall of the shell and is communicated with the longitudinally arranged central pipe through an elbow, a transverse partition plate is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the feeding pipe, a feeding port is arranged on the lower side wall of the feeding pipe below the transverse partition plate, and the booster blower is installed at the rear end of the feeding pipe and the air outlet of the booster blower is communicated to the upper side of the transverse partition plate in the inner cavity of the feeding pipe.

[0017] Through the scheme, the feeding operation is facilitated, and preliminary impurity separation can be realized during the feeding process.

[0018] In summary, the spiral air screen separates impurities through cyclone and centrifugal force, is used for removing impurities such as sand and gravel with a larger specific gravity in plastic film and other materials with a small specific gravity and easily floating in the air, has high separation efficiency and is especially suitable for materials with a high impurity content.

[0019] Other features of the present application, and their advantages, will become apparent in the non-limiting detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application, described in connection with the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings incorporated in and forming a part of the specification illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0021] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a perspective structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the embodiment of FIG. 1.

[0023] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a perspective structure of a turbulence disc.

[0024] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a feeding pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It is to be understood that the descriptions of the at least one example embodiment are actually only illustrative and by no means as any limitation on the present application and its application or use.

[0026] Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail herein, but should be considered as part of the specification where appropriate.

[0027] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Thus, other examples of the example embodiments can have different values.

[0028] It should be noted that like reference numerals and characters refer to like items throughout the drawings and that once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be discussed further in subsequent drawings.

[0029] As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, as the first embodiment of the present application, the spiral air screen of the present application comprises a cylindrical shell 1, a discharge pipe 2 arranged at the upper end of the shell 1, and a feeding pipe 3 arranged on the lateral wall of the shell 1 below the discharge pipe 2, the feeding pipe 3 being used to input the material such as plastic film to be cleaned into the inner cavity of the shell 1, and the discharge pipe 2 being used to output the cleaned material. A turbulence disc 4 for forming a cyclone is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 1, and a central pipe 5 communicating with the feeding pipe 3 is arranged above the turbulence disc 4. The turbulence disc 4 is drivingly connected with a driving mechanism, and the high-speed rotation of the turbulence disc 4 pushes the air in the inner cavity of the shell 1 to form a cyclone, and rotates the material, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation separates the impurities such as sand and gravel from the material. In addition, a fixed screen 11 is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 1, the fixed screen 11 being a cylindrical structure with a lateral wall densely provided with screen holes or a net plate arranged in a circular ring along the inner wall of the shell 1, and the fixed screen 11 is coaxially arranged with the shell 1 and a gap is arranged between the fixed screen 11 and the shell 1. When the cyclone rotates the material, the material such as plastic film with smaller specific gravity is more easily concentrated in the inner cavity of the fixed screen 11, and the impurities such as sand and gravel with larger specific gravity pass through the fixed screen 11 into the interlayer between the fixed screen 11 and the shell 1 under the action of the centrifugal force, thereby separating the impurities from the material.

[0030] A booster blower 301 is arranged on the feeding pipe 3, and a negative pressure blower 21 is arranged on the discharge pipe 2. The booster blower 301 blows air into the inner cavity of the shell 1, and the negative pressure blower 21 generates negative pressure at the upper end of the shell 1, so that a pressure difference of high at the bottom and low at the top is formed in the inner cavity of the shell 1, and the air in a spiral upward manner moves the material from bottom to top.

[0031] As shown in Fig. 3, as a further improvement of the present application, the spoiler 4 is a horizontally arranged disc-shaped structure, the upper surface of the spoiler 4 is connected with the spoiler plates 41, a plurality of triangular spoiler plates 41 are evenly distributed around the center of the spoiler 4, the spoiler plates 41 are vertically installed on the upper surface of the spoiler 4 and the plate surface of the spoiler plates 41 is located at the eccentric position of the spoiler 4, so that when the spoiler 4 drives the spoiler plates 41 to rotate, a cyclone can be formed. The lower end of the fixed screen 11 gradually narrows to form a horn-shaped structure with a large opening at the upper end and a small opening at the lower end, the horn-shaped lower end 42 cooperates with the edge of the spoiler 4 in a gap, that is, the gap between them is small enough but not in direct contact. The sidewall of the horn-shaped lower end 42 of the fixed screen 11 is densely covered with screen holes, so that the diameter of the spoiler 4 is smaller than the larger inner diameter of the shell 1, and the dynamic balance performance is better when rotating at high speed, while allowing the sand, gravel and other impurities near the central axis to pass through the screen holes and move downward. The central axis 43 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the spoiler 4, and the central axis 43 is drivingly connected to the driving motor 44, which can be connected by a belt as shown in the figure, or by a chain or a gear. The lower end plate 12 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shell 1 below the spoiler 4, the central axis 43 is inserted through the bearing and installed on the lower end plate 12, and the lower end plate 12 is provided with a slag discharge hole 13 corresponding to the position of the horn of the fixed screen 11, and the sand, gravel and other impurities passing through the fixed screen 11 can be discharged through the slag discharge hole 13. Of course, a support can also be provided below the lower end plate 12 to install the driving mechanism and the driving motor 44 below the lower end plate 12.

[0032] As shown in Fig. 2, the upper end of the shell 1 is provided with a discharge bin 22, which is fixedly installed on the upper end plate 103 at the upper end of the shell 1, and the upper end plate 103 is provided with a discharge port communicating with the discharge bin 22. The inner cavity of the discharge bin 22 is provided with a discharge bin partition 23, which divides the inner cavity of the discharge bin 22 into a fan cavity and a discharge cavity communicating with the inner cavity of the shell 1, one end of the fan cavity communicates with the air outlet of the negative pressure blower 21, and the other end communicates with the discharge pipe 2, and the discharge cavity communicates with the discharge pipe 2.

[0033] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the lower end of the discharge bin 22 communicates with the inner cavity of the shell 1, the discharge bin partition 23 is transversely arranged in the inner cavity of the discharge bin 22, and the discharge bin partition 23 divides the inner cavity of the discharge bin 22 into two parts, the lower end being a discharge cavity communicating with the inner cavity of the shell 1, and the upper end being a fan cavity communicating with the air outlet of the negative pressure blower 21. The negative pressure blower 21 communicates with the fan cavity through the reducing pipe arranged on the rear end side wall of the discharge bin 22, and the discharge pipe 2 is fixedly connected to the front end side wall of the discharge bin 22 and simultaneously communicates with the fan cavity and the discharge cavity. When the negative pressure blower 21 works, air is blown into the discharge pipe 2 through the fan cavity, and when the high-speed airflow passes through the discharge cavity, negative pressure is formed in the discharge cavity, so that the material in the inner cavity of the shell 1 is sucked out and discharged through the discharge pipe 2.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 4, the feeding pipe 3 is transversely arranged, the front end of the feeding pipe 3 penetrates and is inserted into the side wall of the shell 1 and communicates with the longitudinally arranged central pipe 5 through an elbow, a transverse partition plate 31 is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the feeding pipe 3, a feeding port 32 is formed in the lower side wall of the feeding pipe 3 below the transverse partition plate 31, and the booster blower 301 is installed at the rear end of the feeding pipe 3 and the air outlet of the booster blower 301 communicates with the space above the transverse partition plate 31 in the inner cavity of the feeding pipe 3. When the booster blower 301 works, air is blown into the feeding pipe 3 through the space above the transverse partition plate 31, and when the high-speed airflow passes through the space above the transverse partition plate 31, negative pressure is formed at the feeding port 32 below the transverse partition plate 31, so that the material fed into the feeding port 32 is sucked into the feeding pipe 3 and then blown into the central pipe 5, and finally falls from the opening at the lower end of the central pipe 5 to the turbulence disc 4. At this time, the driving motor 44 is started, the turbulence disc 4 rotates at high speed to form a cyclone, which can rotate the material and move it upward at the same time. In the process of rotating the material, impurities such as sand and gravel are separated from the material and thrown out in all directions, and then fall to the bottom of the shell 1 and are discharged through the slag discharge hole 13. The material after removing the impurities rises with the airflow and is finally discharged through the discharge cavity and the discharge pipe 2.

[0035] Although the above has been described in detail through specific embodiments of the present application, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spiral air screen comprising a housing (1) in the form of a cylinder, a discharge duct (2) arranged at the upper end of the housing (1), an inlet duct (3) arranged in the upper side wall of the housing (1) below the discharge duct (2), characterized in that The inner cavity of the shell (1) is provided with a turbulence disc (4) for forming a cyclone, the upper part of the turbulence disc (4) is provided with a central pipe (5) communicating with a feeding pipe (3), the turbulence disc (4) is drivingly connected with a driving mechanism; the feeding pipe (3) is provided with a booster blower (301), the discharge pipe (2) is provided with a negative pressure blower (21); the inner cavity of the shell (1) is provided with a fixed screen (11), the fixed screen (11) is coaxially arranged with the shell (1) and is provided with a gap between the fixed screen (11) and the shell (1); the lower end of the fixed screen (11) is gradually reduced in diameter and is in the form of a bell mouth, and the lower end of the bell mouth is gap-fitted with the edge of the turbulence disc (4).

2. The spiral air screen of claim 1 wherein, The turbulence disc (4) is horizontally arranged in a disc-shaped structure, the upper surface of the turbulence disc (4) is connected with a turbulence plate (41), a plurality of triangular turbulence plates (41) are uniformly distributed around the center of the turbulence disc (4), the lower surface of the turbulence disc (4) is fixedly connected with a central shaft (43) at the center, and the central shaft (43) is drivingly connected with a driving motor (44).

3. A spiral air screen according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that The upper end of the shell (1) is provided with a discharge bin (22), the inner cavity of the discharge bin (22) is provided with a discharge bin partition plate (23), the discharge bin partition plate (23) divides the inner cavity of the discharge bin (22) into a fan cavity and a discharge cavity communicating with the inner cavity of the shell (1), one end of the fan cavity communicates with the air outlet of the negative pressure blower (21), the other end of the fan cavity communicates with the discharge pipe (2), and the discharge cavity communicates with the discharge pipe (2).

4. The spiral air screen of claim 3 wherein, The lower end of the discharge bin (22) communicates with the inner cavity of the shell (1), the discharge bin partition plate (23) is transversely arranged in the inner cavity of the discharge bin (22), the negative pressure blower (21) communicates with the fan cavity through a variable-diameter pipe arranged on the rear end side wall of the discharge bin (22), and the discharge pipe (2) is fixedly connected to the front end side wall of the discharge bin (22) and communicates with the fan cavity and the discharge cavity.

5. The spiral air screen of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The feeding pipe (3) is transversely arranged, the front end of the feeding pipe (3) is inserted through the side wall of the shell (1) and communicates with the longitudinally arranged central pipe (5) through an elbow, a transverse partition plate (31) is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the feeding pipe (3), a feeding port (32) is formed in the lower side wall of the feeding pipe (3) below the transverse partition plate (31), and the booster blower (301) is arranged at the rear end of the feeding pipe (3) and the air outlet of the booster blower (301) communicates with the space above the transverse partition plate (31) in the inner cavity of the feeding pipe (3).

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