Sensing delay management method and device

Abstract

The present application discloses a sensing delay management method and device. The method comprises: a first functional network element receiving a sensing service request, the sensing service request comprising delay requirements of a sensing service; sending first information to a second functional network element, the first information being used for indicating delay requirements for the second functional network element to execute a sensing-related operation that comprises at least one of the following: acquiring original sensing data, calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data; and sending second information to a third functional network element, the second information being used for indicating delay requirements for the third functional network element to execute a sensing-related operation that comprises at least one of the following: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data. In the method of embodiments of the present application, delay slicing and management are performed for each operational process of a sensing service according to delay requirements of the sensing service, thereby ensuring reliability of an execution process of the sensing service.

Description

Method and apparatus for managing perception latency

[0001] The present application claims priority from the Chinese patent application No. 202411358367.0 filed on September 27, 2024, and entitled "Method and apparatus for managing perception latency", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a method and apparatus for managing perception latency. BACKGROUND

[0003] Wireless signals (such as 4.9G frequency bands, U6G frequency bands, 26G frequency bands, and 28G frequency bands of operators) have corresponding perception capabilities and can identify specific areas / objects / events, etc. The device performing the perception operation or the device obtaining the perception measurement data or the perception device having wireless perception capability can be a base station or a terminal.

[0004] Wireless networks can use such perception capabilities as a new capability to solve various scenarios and needs in real life by processing the perception measurement data obtained by the perception device, such as autonomous driving scenarios, safety supervision scenarios, home health detection scenarios, or weather monitoring scenarios, etc.

[0005] In a perception system, the network is the endogenous source of perception data. The perception data obtained by terminal perception or base station perception or other sensor data available to the operator will go through the entire life cycle of data generation, transmission, calculation, storage, and opening within the network. The network needs to be responsible for the entire life cycle of the perception data. Each stage of the above data will occupy a corresponding latency. How to reasonably control these latencies is a problem that must be faced and solved. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a method and apparatus for managing perception latency. The method and apparatus perform latency division and management for each operation process of a perception service according to the latency requirement of the perception service, so that the data of the perception service is processed according to the corresponding division latency requirement at each functional node, and the reliability of the execution process of the perception service is guaranteed.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for managing a sensing time delay, applied to a first functional network element, comprising: receiving a sensing service request, the sensing service request comprising a time delay requirement of a sensing service; sending first information to a second functional network element, the first information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the second functional network element for performing a sensing related operation, the related operation comprising at least one of the following: obtaining original sensing data, calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data; sending second information to a third functional network element, the second information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the third functional network element for performing a sensing related operation, the related operation comprising at least one of the following: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data.

[0008] In an implementation, the first information comprises at least one of the following: a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or the first information is a sum of at least two of the following: a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

[0009] In an implementation, the second information comprises at least one of the following: a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or the second information is a sum of at least two of the following: a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

[0010] In an implementation, before sending the first information to the second functional network element, the method further comprises: obtaining the first information and the second information based on third information and the time delay requirement of the sensing service, wherein the third information comprises at least one of the following: a sensing time delay capability of the second functional network element and a sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element, a sensing mode corresponding to the sensing service, and a sensing node type.

[0011] In an implementation, the sensing time delay capability of the second functional network element comprises at least one of the following: an ability of obtaining original sensing data, an ability of calculating sensing data, an ability of transmitting sensing data, and an ability of storing sensing data; the sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element comprises at least one of the following: an ability of calculating sensing data, an ability of transmitting sensing data, and an ability of storing sensing data.

[0012] In an implementation, the sensing time delay capability of the second functional network element or the sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element is related to at least one of the following: a sensing mode, a sensing node type, or a sensing service type.

[0013] In an implementation, the second functional network element is a sensing access network device, the first information comprises a sensing time delay requirement and a calculation time delay requirement, or a sum of the sensing time delay requirement and the calculation time delay requirement.

[0014] In an implementable implementation, the second functional network element is a sensing terminal device, and the first information includes a sensing time delay requirement, a computing time delay requirement, and a transmission time delay requirement, or a sum of the sensing time delay requirement, the computing time delay requirement, and the transmission time delay requirement.

[0015] In an implementable implementation, the second functional network element is a sensing terminal device, and the transmission time delay requirement included in the first information corresponds to a time delay requirement of a PDU session or a quality of service (QoS) flow.

[0016] In an implementable implementation, the third functional network element is a data transmission network element, and the transmission time delay requirement is included in the second information.

[0017] In an implementable implementation, the third functional network element is a sensing user plane network element or a sensing data plane network element, and at least one of the transmission time delay requirement, the computing time delay requirement, and the storage time delay requirement is included in the second information.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a sensing time delay management method, which includes: being applied to a second functional network element, and the method includes: receiving first information from a first functional network element, the first information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the second functional network element for performing a sensing related operation, and the related operation includes at least one of the following: obtaining original sensing data, computing sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data; and performing the sensing related operation according to the first information.

[0019] In an implementable implementation, the first information includes at least one of the following: a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a computing time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or the first information is a sum of the following time delay requirements: at least two of the following: a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a computing time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

[0020] In an implementable implementation, before receiving the first information from the first functional network element, the method further includes: sending, to the first functional network element, a sensing time delay capability of the second functional network element, and the sensing time delay capability of the second functional network element includes at least one of the following: an ability of obtaining original sensing data, an ability of computing sensing data, an ability of transmitting sensing data, and an ability of storing sensing data.

[0021] In an implementable implementation, the sensing time delay capability of the second functional network element is related to at least one of the following: a sensing mode, a sensing node type, or a sensing service type.

[0022] In an implementable implementation, the second functional network element is a sensing access network device, and the first information includes a sensing time delay requirement and a computing time delay requirement, or a sum of the sensing time delay requirement and the computing time delay requirement.

[0023] In an implementation, the second functional network element is a sensing terminal device, and the first information includes a sensing time delay requirement, a computing time delay requirement, and a transmission time delay requirement, or a sum of the sensing time delay requirement, the computing time delay requirement, and the transmission time delay requirement.

[0024] In an implementation, the second functional network element is a sensing terminal device, and the transmission time delay requirement included in the first information corresponds to a time delay requirement of a PDU session or a quality of service (QoS) flow.

[0025] In a third aspect, a method for managing a sensing time delay is provided. The method includes: applying to a third functional network element, and the method includes: receiving second information from a first functional network element, the second information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the third functional network element for performing a sensing-related operation, the sensing-related operation including at least one of: computing sensing data, transmitting the sensing data, and storing the sensing data; and performing the sensing-related operation according to the second information.

[0026] In an implementation, the second information includes at least one of a transmission time delay requirement, a computing time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or the second information is a sum of the following time delay requirements: at least two of the transmission time delay requirement, the computing time delay requirement, and the storage time delay requirement.

[0027] In an implementation, before receiving the second information from the first functional network element, the method further includes: sending, to the first functional network element, a sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element, the sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element including at least one of: a capability of computing sensing data, a capability of transmitting the sensing data, and a capability of storing the sensing data.

[0028] In an implementation, the third functional network element is a data transmission network element, and the second information includes a transmission time delay requirement.

[0029] In an implementation, the third functional network element is a sensing user plane network element or a sensing data plane network element, and the second information includes at least one of a transmission time delay requirement, a computing time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus includes units or modules for performing any possible method of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect.

[0031] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus includes at least one processor and a memory. The memory is configured to store computer programs or instructions. The at least one processor is configured to execute the computer programs or instructions in the memory, so that any possible method of the first aspect to the third aspect is performed.

[0032] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, the communication system comprising a first functional network element, a second functional network element and a third functional network element, wherein the first functional network element is configured to perform the method of any one of the first aspect, the second functional network element is configured to perform the method of any one of the second aspect, and the third functional network element is configured to perform the method of any one of the third aspect.

[0033] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions, when the computer instructions are executed, causing a computer to perform the method of any one of the above methods.

[0034] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising: computer program code, when the computer program code is run by a computer, causing the computer to perform the method of any one of the above methods.

[0035] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, the chip being coupled with a memory, and being configured to read and execute program instructions in the memory, so that a device in which the chip is located implements the method of any one of the above methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a wireless sensing mode according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario of a UE according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for managing sensing latency according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another method for managing sensing latency according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of another method for managing sensing latency according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another sensing device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "system" and "network" can be used interchangeably. Unless otherwise specified, " / " represents an "or" relationship between the objects before and after the " / " symbol, for example, A / B can represent A or B; in the present application, "and / or" is only used to describe the relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B together, and B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, in the description of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of the items, including any combination of single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, and c can be one or more. In addition, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, the same items or similar items with basically the same function are distinguished by "first", "second", etc. The skilled in the art can understand that "first", "second", etc. do not limit the quantity and execution order, and "first", "second", etc. do not necessarily mean different.

[0045] In the embodiments of the present application, the reference to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment are included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other some embodiments", "in other some embodiments" and the like in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "include", "contain", "have" and their variants mean "include but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0046] The specific embodiments below further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the following is only a specific embodiment of the present application and does not limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0047] In various embodiments of the present application, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referred to each other if there is no special description and logical conflict. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0048] The scenario related to the embodiments of the present application is introduced as follows.

[0049] The technical solutions provided by the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example, can be applied to a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, a future evolution system or a variety of communication convergence systems, etc., and can also be applied to existing communication systems, etc. The application scenarios of the technical solutions provided by the present application can include a variety of scenarios, such as machine to machine (M2M), macro-micro communication, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra reliable & low latency communication (uRLLC), and massive machine type communication (mMTC) scenarios. These scenarios can include but are not limited to: communication scenarios between terminal devices, communication scenarios between network devices, communication scenarios between network devices and terminal devices, etc. Among them, the network device includes an access network device and a core network device. Hereinafter, the scenario of application to the communication between the network device and the terminal device is taken as an example for description.

[0050] Referring to FIG. 1A, FIG. 1A is a network architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application, which can include: a terminal device part, an access network (AN) part, a core network (CN) part, and a device accessing the CN through the terminal device. Among them, the terminal device (terminal device), also known as user equipment (UE) or terminal, is represented by UE in the figure. Optionally, the network architecture can also include a data network (DN) part and / or an application network element part. The terminal device accesses the CN through the access network, and the CN communicates with the DN or the application network element.

[0051] The UE is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on the water surface (such as ships, etc.); can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.). The UE can include but is not limited to: user equipment, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal device, mobile terminal device, user terminal device, wireless communication device, user agent, user device, cellular phone, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld device with wireless communication function, computing device, processing device connected to wireless modem, vehicle-mounted device, wearable device, terminal device in Internet of Things, household appliance, virtual reality device, terminal device in future 5G network or terminal device in future evolved PLMN, etc.

[0052] The AN part includes an AN device. The AN device is a device that accesses a terminal device to a wireless network in a mobile communication system. The AN device, as a node in a radio access network, can also be referred to as an access network element, a base station, a radio access network (RAN) node (or device, or element), an access point (AP), a network device, a small tower, etc. The RAN device in the embodiments of the present application includes but is not limited to: a g nodeB (gNB) in 5G, an evolved node B (eNB), a radio network controller (RNC), a node B (NB), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a home base station (for example, a home evolved nodeB, or a home node B, HNB), a baseband unit (BBU), a wireless fidelity (WiFi) access point, a world interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) base station, a transmitting and receiving point (TRP), a transmitting point (TP), or a mobile switching center, etc. In systems using different wireless access technologies, the names of devices with base station functions may be different, for example, in a 5G communication system, it is called RAN or gNB (5G NodeB); in an LTE system, it is called an evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB); in a third generation (3rd generation, 3G) communication system, it is called a node B (Node B), etc. In some deployments of the AN device, the AN device can include a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), etc. In other deployments of the AN device, the CU can also be divided into a CU-control plane (CP) and a CU-user plane (UP), etc. In still other deployments of the AN device, the AN device can also be a radio unit (RO). In still other deployments of the AN device, the AN device can be an open radio access network (ORAN) architecture, etc.Exemplarily, when the AN device is an ORAN architecture, the AN device of the embodiments of the present application can be an access network element in the ORAN, or a module of the access network element, etc. In the ORAN system, the CU can also be referred to as an open (O)-CU, the DU can also be referred to as an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU.

[0053] The DN is a network outside the mobile communication system, and can provide services for users. For example, the DN can be a packet data network (PDN), such as the Internet, an Internet Protocol Multimedia Service (IMS) network, a data network dedicated to some application, an Ethernet network, an Internet Protocol (IP) local network, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The DN can deploy multiple services, and can provide data and / or voice services for terminal devices. The DN can have multiple application servers (ASs), and each AS can provide at least one service.

[0054] The application network element mainly supports interaction with the 3GPP core network to provide services, such as affecting data routing decisions, policy control functions, or providing some services of third parties to the network side. In the 5G communication system, the application network element can be an application function (AF) network element. In future communication systems, the application network element can still be an AF network element, or can also have other names, which are not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0055] The network elements in the core network part can be divided into two categories: user plane function network elements (which can also be referred to as user plane network elements) and control plane function network elements (which can also be referred to as control plane network elements). The control plane function network elements include access management network elements, network exposure network elements, session management network elements, data management network elements, policy control network elements, and network slice-specific and SNPN authentication and authorization function (NSSAAF) network elements for network slicing and standalone non-public networks (SNPNs) in the 5G communication system, etc. Among them,

[0056] User plane network element, responsible for forwarding and receiving user data in terminal equipment. It can receive user data from a data network and transmit it to terminal equipment through an access network device; the user plane network element can also receive user data from the terminal equipment through the access network device and forward it to the data network. The transmission resources and scheduling functions provided by the user plane network element for terminal equipment are managed and controlled by the SMF network element. In the 5G communication system, this user plane network element can be a user plane function (UPF) network element. In future communication systems, the user plane network element can still be a UPF network element, or it can also have other names, which are not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0057] Access management network element, a control plane network element provided by an operator network, responsible for access control and mobility management of terminal equipment accessing the operator network, including functions such as mobile state management, allocation of user temporary identity, authentication and user management. In the 5G communication system, this access management network element can be an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element. In future communication systems, the access management network element can still be an AMF network element, or it can also have other names, which are not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] Network exposure network element, mainly responsible for supporting safe interaction between 3GPP network and third-party applications, capable of safely exposing network capabilities and events to third parties, used to enhance or improve application service quality, and also capable of ensuring that the 3GPP network safely obtains relevant data from third parties to enhance intelligent decision-making of the network. At the same time, this network element supports the recovery of structured data from a unified database or the storage of structured data into a unified database. In the 5G communication system, this network exposure network element can be a network exposure function (NEF) network element. In future communication systems, the network exposure network element can still be an NEF network element, or it can also have other names, which are not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0059] Session management network element, mainly responsible for session management in mobile networks, such as session establishment, modification and release. Specific functions include allocating IP addresses for users, selecting user plane network elements that provide message forwarding functions, etc. In the 5G communication system, this session management network element can be a session management function (SMF) network element. In future communication systems, the session management network element can still be an SMF network element, or it can also have other names, which are not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0060] Data management network element, used to generate authentication credentials, user identity processing (such as storing and managing user permanent identity, etc.), access control and subscription information management, etc. In the 5G communication system, the data management network element can be a unified data management (UDM) network element. In the future communication system, the unified data management can still be a UDM network element, or can also have other names, which are not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0061] Policy control network element, mainly supporting to provide a unified policy framework to control network behavior, providing policy rules to control layer network functions, and being responsible for obtaining user subscription information related to policy decision. In the 4G communication system, the policy control network element can be a policy and charging rules function (PCRF) network element. In the 5G communication system, the policy control network element can be a policy control function (PCF) network element. In the future communication system, the policy control network element can still be a PCF network element, or can also have other names, which are not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

[0062] Figure 1A also shows interfaces between network elements, such as N1 interface between UE and AMF, etc., which are not listed one by one here.

[0063] As described above, the network elements that the embodiments of the present application can involve are mainly introduced, and other network elements are also involved in Figure 1A, such as a network slice selection function (NSSF) network element, which selects a slice instance set for the UE, determines an AMF set, allowed network slice selection assistance information (NSSAI) for the UE, an authentication service function (AUSF) network element, used for security authentication of the UE when the UE accesses the network, etc. This will not be described in detail. In addition, the core network can also include a unified data repository (UDR) network element (not shown in Figure 1A). For example, the core network can also include a network repository function (NRF) network element (not shown in Figure 1A).

[0064] It can be understood that the network elements or functions shown in FIG. 1A can be network elements in a hardware device, or software functions running on a dedicated hardware, or virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform). In one possible implementation, the network elements or functions described above can be implemented by one device, or by multiple devices together, or can be a functional module in a device, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations thereon. In addition, in the following, in order to facilitate description, the "network element" can be omitted. For example, the SMF network element in the embodiments of the present application has the same meaning as the SMF, and only the network element is omitted for the convenience of description, and the rest are similar. In addition, it should be noted that the embodiments of the present application also do not limit the names of the network elements in the communication system. For example, in different communication systems, the network elements can have other names; for example, when multiple network elements are integrated in the same physical device, the physical device can also have other names.

[0065] The prior art related to the embodiments of the present application is introduced below.

[0066] 1. Wireless sensing scenarios

[0067] The wireless network can take sensing capability as a new capability, process the sensing measurement data obtained by the sensing device, and solve various scenarios and needs in real life, for example, which can include the following wireless sensing application scenarios:

[0068] (1) Automatic driving

[0069] Scenario 1 (intelligent transportation and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)): Since the sensing distance of the vehicle or unmanned aerial vehicle itself is short or the non-line of sight (NLOS) path cannot be sensed, the wireless communication system can generate a large range of dynamic map information based on sensing.

[0070] Scenario 2 (intelligent transportation and UAV): In the process of driving the vehicle or unmanned aerial vehicle, a ghost head danger event such as the sudden appearance of a person or object, then the wireless communication system can identify the danger event based on sensing and notify the UE to perform emergency operation.

[0071] Scenario 3 (intelligent transportation and UAV): Vehicle or unmanned aerial vehicle automatic driving assistance, then the wireless communication system can generate a customized high-precision dynamic map based on sensing to assist the UE in automatic driving.

[0072] (2) Safety supervision

[0073] Scenario 1 (intelligent transportation and UAV): illegal driving, such as vehicle occupying emergency lane, unmanned aerial vehicle driving off the air route, then the wireless communication system can identify the vehicle violation based on sensing and perform real-time warning / post-penalty.

[0074] Scenario 2 (intelligent transportation, national railway perimeter, UAV): foreign matter (people, animals, falling rocks, etc.) invades high-speed or railway tracks, or a drone invades a no-fly zone (for example, an airport), and the wireless communication system can identify the foreign matter based on sensing or the foreign matter and perform real-time emergency processing.

[0075] (3) Family health

[0076] Scenario 1: detection of abnormal posture such as a person falling, and the wireless communication system can identify the abnormal posture based on sensing and alarm.

[0077] Scenario 2: health detection such as human respiration / heartbeat, and the wireless communication system can identify abnormal indicators based on sensing and alarm.

[0078] (4) Meteorological monitoring

[0079] The wireless communication system can sense or predict environmental, climate, and weather changes.

[0080] 2. Terms involved in wireless sensing

[0081] Sensing signal: a signal transmitted over the air for sensing purposes, which can also be referred to as a sensing reference signal. Sensing services can be achieved by processing the sensing signal.

[0082] Sensing transmitter (Tx): a network device or terminal device that transmits a sensing signal. The sensing transmitter can be located in the same network device or terminal device as the sensing receiver; the sensing transmitter can also be located in a different network device or terminal device from the sensing receiver.

[0083] Sensing receiver (Rx): a network device or terminal device that receives a sensing signal. The sensing receiver can be located in the same network device or terminal device as the sensing transmitter; the sensing receiver can also be located in a different network device or terminal device from the sensing transmitter.

[0084] Sensing target: can also be referred to as a sensed target or target. The characteristics of the target are derived based on the sensing signal.

[0085] 3. Modes of wireless sensing

[0086] There are six modes of wireless sensing. For details, refer to FIG. 1B, which is a schematic diagram of a wireless sensing mode according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1B, the six modes specifically include:

[0087] (1) Network device-network device bistatic, as shown in (a) of FIG. 1B, one network device (network device A) transmits a sensing signal, and the other network device (network device B) receives the sensing signal.

[0088] (2) Network device monostatic, as shown in (b) of FIG. 1B, the same network device transmits and receives a sensing signal.

[0089] (3) Network device-terminal device bistatic, as shown in (c) of FIG. 1B, a network device transmits a sensing signal, and a terminal device receives the sensing signal.

[0090] (4) Terminal device-network device bistatic, as shown in (d) of FIG. 1B, a terminal device transmits a sensing signal, and a network device receives the sensing signal.

[0091] (5) Terminal device-terminal device bistatic, as shown in (e) of FIG. 1B, one terminal device (terminal device A) transmits a sensing signal, and the other terminal device (terminal device B) receives the sensing signal.

[0092] (6) Terminal device monostatic, as shown in (f) of FIG. 1B, the same terminal device transmits and receives a sensing signal.

[0093] 4. Wireless sensing capability (taking a base station as an example)

[0094] The sensing function of the base station is essentially a sensing detection using a wireless signal of a specific frequency band. In a wireless communication system, the wireless signal of the communication frequency band used by the base station also has good sensing performance, so the base station has both wireless communication capability and wireless sensing capability.

[0095] Referring to Table 1, Table 1 provides key performance indicators of sensing (taking a traffic scenario as an example) provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in the following table:

[0096] Table 1

[0097] As shown in Table 1, unlike the QoS indicators of communication services, sensing has its own key indicators, including (distance / speed) accuracy, (distance / speed) resolution, detection rate / false detection rate, false alarm rate, refresh rate, confidence rate, etc. Among them:

[0098] Sensing positioning / distance accuracy (or positioning / distance accuracy): describes the closeness of the sensing measurement result (i.e. distance / position) of the target object to its true measurement value. It can be further divided into horizontal positioning / distance accuracy (referring to the positioning / distance error on the 2D reference or horizontal plane) and vertical positioning / distance accuracy (referring to the positioning / distance error on the vertical axis or height).

[0099] Sensing speed accuracy / precision of velocity: describes how close the perceived measurement of a target object (i.e. velocity) is to its true velocity. It can be further divided into horizontal speed accuracy (referring to the speed error in 2D reference or horizontal plane) and vertical speed accuracy (referring to the speed error in vertical axis or height).

[0100] Sensing resolution: describes the minimum difference value (e.g. distance, velocity) required to detect different objects from a certain measurement dimension (e.g. distance, velocity).

[0101] Missed detection: describes the conditional probability that a target object / environment is not detected when it exists. This probability is represented by the ratio of the number of events that are falsely identified as negative state to the total number of events with positive state (i.e. events that are falsely identified as negative state + events that are correctly identified as positive state).

[0102] False alarm: describes the conditional probability that a target object / environment is falsely detected when it does not exist. This probability is represented by the ratio of the number of events that are falsely identified as positive state to the total number of events with negative state (i.e. events that are falsely identified as positive state + events that are correctly identified as negative state). It is only applicable to binary detection results.

[0103] Confidence level: describes the percentage of correct results among all the sensing measurements at a certain sensing accuracy.

[0104] Max sensing service latency: the time elapsed between the occurrence of a real event and the availability of the sensing result for that event at the sensing system interface.

[0105] Refreshing rate: the rate / frequency at which the sensing system produces sensing results. It is the inverse of the interval time between two consecutive detection results.

[0106] 5. Network transmission in communication

[0107] Referring to FIG. 1C, FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario of a UE according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1C, the RAN and core network elements such as UPF form a network. The network, as a transmission pipe, is responsible for transmitting application data between the UE and the DN, wherein:

[0108] (1) The network only needs to select the corresponding 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS identifier, 5QI) for the service and establish an end-to-end QoS flow, and the RAN performs air interface transmission scheduling according to the 5QI.

[0109] (2) The network cannot see the content of the data exchanged between the two, i.e., cannot understand the meaning of the data.

[0110] (3) The network does not need and cannot perform additional logical processing on the data content.

[0111] As described above, the sensing latency is one of the important parameters in the sensing indicators, and the latency refers to the end-to-end time between the occurrence of an event / object and the detection thereof and the sending of the detection to the requester. Unlike network transmission in the communication process, in the sensing process, the end-to-end latency involves the latency caused by sensing measurement, data transmission, data calculation, etc. In order to achieve the overall end-to-end latency, the latency of each node needs to be reasonably partitioned.

[0112] Embodiment one: based on this, refer to FIG. 2, which is a flowchart of a sensing latency management method provided by an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps:

[0113] 201, the first functional network element receives a sensing service request from an application function, and the sensing service request includes a latency requirement of the sensing service.

[0114] The first functional network element in this embodiment is a network element for managing signaling or commands of the sensing service, and therefore the first functional network element can also be referred to as a sensing function-control plane (SF-C) (network element).

[0115] The first functional network element receives a sensing service request from an application function (AF) (entity), and the sensing service request is used to request to perform a sensing service, and includes latency requirement information of the sensing service. The latency requirement information can be an overall latency requirement of the sensing service, or a split latency requirement. The split latency requirement may, for example, include one or more of a latency requirement for obtaining sensing data, a latency requirement for transmission, a latency requirement for calculation, or a latency requirement for storage.

[0116] The application function in the present application refers to a network element or entity that initiates a sensing service request, and in some cases, the sensing service request can also be initiated by a UE or other network element. In the present application, the sensing service request initiated by the AF is exemplified, and subsequent details will not be described.

[0117] 202、the first function network element sends first information to the second function network element, the first information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the second function network element for performing a sensing-related operation.

[0118] The sensing-related operation includes at least one of the following: obtaining original sensing data, calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data. The calculating sensing data refers to calculating the original sensing data (or intermediate sensing data) to obtain the sensing data.

[0119] The second function network element in the embodiments of the present application refers to a network element that obtains original sensing data. Specifically, it can be a UE (sensing terminal device) or a RAN (sensing access network device). The UE or RAN obtaining the original sensing data corresponds to the sensing mode in which the UE or RAN receives the sensing signal in the sixth mode described in FIG. 1B.

[0120] After obtaining the original sensing data, the second function network element can further calculate, transmit, and / or store the original sensing data. Therefore, the second function network element can also perform at least one of the following operations: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data.

[0121] After receiving the sensing service request, the first function network element can send the first information to the second function network element according to the time delay requirement information of the sensing service, to indicate the time delay requirement of the second function network element for performing the sensing-related operation, so that the process of the second function network element performing the sensing-related operation can meet the time delay requirement of the sensing service.

[0122] By way of example, the original sensing data refers to sensing data directly determined according to a reflected or scattered signal of a sensing target, such as in-phase / quadrature (I / Q) data, or information such as the position of a scattering point or the reflection intensity. The sensing data includes but is not limited to the original sensing data. For example, the coordinate point of a scattering point, the speed (including the speed value and the direction), and other information obtained by calculating the in-phase / quadrature (I / Q) can be collectively referred to as range, velocity, angle (RVA) spectrum or RV spectrum data; the point cloud data can also be obtained by calculating the RVA spectrum data; and the final result, such as the position trajectory of a target object, can also be obtained. The RVA spectrum data of the scattering point, the point cloud data, and the final result can also be collectively referred to as sensing data.

[0123] The process of calculating the next sensing data content according to the previous sensing data content described above can be referred to as calculating sensing data. The process of transmitting the sensing data from the previous network element or entity (hereinafter referred to as network element) to the next network element is referred to as transmitting sensing data. In some other processes, the sensing data may need to be stored, and the corresponding operation is storing sensing data.

[0124] Optionally, the first information comprises at least one of a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or the first information is a sum of at least two time delay requirements of the sensing time delay requirement, the transmission time delay requirement, the calculation time delay requirement, and the storage time delay requirement.

[0125] For example, assuming that the second functional network element only performs original sensing data acquisition, the first information only comprises the sensing time delay requirement.

[0126] The original sensing data needs to be transmitted to the next network element, but the transmission time delay requirement can be indicated as the time delay requirement of the next network element.

[0127] For another example, assuming that the second functional network element performs original sensing data acquisition and sensing data calculation, the first information respectively comprises the sensing time delay requirement and the calculation time delay requirement; or the first information comprises a sum of the sensing time delay requirement and the calculation time delay requirement, and the second functional network element further splits the time delay requirement according to the operation process.

[0128] 203. The first functional network element sends second information to a third functional network element, and the second information is used to indicate a time delay requirement of the third functional network element for performing a sensing-related operation.

[0129] The related operation comprises at least one of the following: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data.

[0130] The third functional network element in the embodiment of the application refers to a network element participating in a sensing service execution process but not participating in an original sensing data acquisition process. The third functional network element can specifically participate in the sensing service execution (or operation) process, which comprises: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data. Exemplarily, the third functional network element can be at least one of a sensing function-user plane (SF-U), a sensing function-data plane (SF-D), or a data transmission network element.

[0131] Optionally, the third functional network element is a data transmission network element, and the second information comprises a transmission time delay requirement.

[0132] Exemplarily, the third functional network element is a UPF, and the second information comprises a transmission time delay requirement of the UPF.

[0133] Optionally, the third functional network element is a sensing user plane network element or a sensing data plane network element, and the second information comprises at least one of a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

[0134] Exemplarily, the third functional network element is SF-U, the SF-U participates in the sensing data calculation process, and the second information includes a calculation time delay requirement of the SF-U. The SF-U also participates in the sensing data transmission process, and the second information can also include a transmission time delay requirement of the SF-U. Or the second information includes a sum of the calculation time delay requirement and the transmission time delay requirement of the SF-U.

[0135] The third functional network element is SF-D, the SF-D participates in the sensing data storage process, and the second information includes a storage process of the SF-D. The SF-D also participates in the sensing data transmission process, and the second information can also include a transmission time delay requirement of the SF-D. Or the second information includes a sum of the storage time delay requirement and the transmission time delay requirement of the SF-D.

[0136] In some possible cases, the SF-U and the SF-D are a collocated network element, and the second information can include one of a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement of the collocated network element, or include a sum of at least two of the transmission time delay requirement, the calculation time delay requirement, and the storage time delay requirement of the collocated network element.

[0137] The first information and the second information sent by the first functional network element can also include an identifier of the sensing service, including a name of the sensing service or a number of the sensing service, and the like, so as to enable the second functional network element and the third functional network element to determine which time delay requirement of the sensing service is received.

[0138] It should be noted that the first functional network element can also send only the first information or only the second information. For example, it is assumed that the second functional network element directly sends the original sensing data to the second functional network element, and the second functional network element performs calculation and storage of the original sensing data, and the like, and then the first functional network element sends only the first information to the second functional network element. Or it is assumed that the sensing service does not have a specific time delay requirement for the process of obtaining the original sensing data, and only has a time delay requirement for the process of transmitting the sensing data. Then the first functional network element sends only the second information to the third functional network element. The subsequent embodiments also apply to the description, and subsequent details will not be described.

[0139] In possible cases, the embodiments of the present application further include the following steps:

[0140] 204. The second functional network element performs sensing-related operations of the sensing service according to the first information.

[0141] 205. The third functional network element performs sensing-related operations of the sensing service according to the second information.

[0142] That is, the second functional network element and the third functional network element perform the sensing-related operations according to the time delay requirements of performing the sensing-related operations indicated by the first functional network element, so as to achieve the time delay requirement of the sensing service as a whole.

[0143] It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, the first functional network element sends the first information to the second functional network element and the second information to the third functional network element according to the delay requirement of the sensing service obtained, respectively indicating the corresponding delay requirement when the second functional network element and the third functional network element participate in the sensing service operation process, so that the data of the sensing service is processed according to the corresponding split delay requirement at each functional node, and the reliability of the sensing service execution process is ensured.

[0144] Optionally, before sending the first information to the second functional network element, the method further comprises: obtaining the first information and the second information based on the third information and the delay requirement of the sensing service, wherein the third information comprises at least one of the sensing delay capability of the second functional network element and the sensing delay capability of the third functional network element, the sensing mode corresponding to the sensing service, and the sensing node type.

[0145] Exemplarily, after the first functional network element obtains the delay requirement of the sensing service, the first information sent to the second functional network element and the second information sent to the third functional network element can be directly determined according to the delay requirement of the sensing service. In other cases, the first functional network element can jointly determine the first information and the second information in combination with the delay requirement of the sensing service and the third information.

[0146] For example, the third information is the sensing mode corresponding to the sensing service. Assuming that the sensing mode of the sensing service obtained by the first functional network element is UE-to-UE, it corresponds to the first information 1 and the second information 1; assuming that the sensing mode of the sensing service is UE-to-RAN, it corresponds to the first information 2 and the second information 2. In the first information 1 and the first information 2, the former (UE self-to-self) may have a smaller delay requirement for obtaining original sensing data than the latter (UE-to-RAN). However, the former (the second functional network element is UE) may have a larger delay requirement for calculating sensing data than the latter (the second functional network element is RAN, which has stronger computing capability). In the second information 1 and the second information 2, the former may have a larger delay requirement for transmitting sensing data than the latter (UE obtains original sensing data, which may need to pass through more network elements to transmit the sensing data to the first functional network element).

[0147] For another example, the third information is the sensing node type. The sensing node type refers to the type of node used to obtain original sensing data, such as RAN or UE, or a combination of RAN and UE. Assuming that the sensing node type is RAN, the corresponding delay requirement for calculating sensing data may be smaller, and assuming that the sensing node type is UE, the corresponding delay requirement for calculating sensing data is larger.

[0148] For example, the third information is the sensing latency capability of the second functional network element and the sensing latency capability of the third functional network element. The sensing latency capability of the second functional network element includes at least one of the following: the capability of obtaining original sensing data, the capability of calculating sensing data, the capability of transmitting sensing data, and the capability of storing sensing data. The sensing latency capability of the third functional network element includes at least one of the following: the capability of calculating sensing data, the capability of transmitting sensing data, and the capability of storing sensing data.

[0149] The capability of the second functional network element of obtaining original sensing data can specifically refer to the minimum time delay of the second functional network element of obtaining original sensing data, or the time delay range of the second functional network element of obtaining original sensing data. It can also refer to the proportion of the time delay corresponding to the second functional network element of obtaining original sensing data in the time delay corresponding to all sensing service execution processes. Or it can refer to the estimated time delay of the second functional network element of obtaining original sensing data when the second functional network element performs sensing services based on existing communication resources.

[0150] The other sensing latency capabilities of the second functional network element or the sensing latency capabilities of the third functional network element can also include one of the above-mentioned several levels of meanings.

[0151] Optionally, the sensing latency capability of the second functional network element or the sensing latency capability of the third functional network element is related to at least one of the following: a sensing mode, a sensing node type, or a sensing service type.

[0152] For example, the second functional network element can have different sensing latency capabilities for different sensing modes. The sensing mode of RAN sending and RAN receiving corresponds to sensing latency capability 1, and the sensing mode of RAN sending and UE receiving corresponds to sensing latency capability 2. The capability of obtaining original sensing data in sensing latency capability 1 can be stronger than the capability of obtaining original sensing data in sensing latency capability 2 (the minimum time delay supported by the former is less than that of the latter). Similarly, the second functional network element can have different capabilities of transmitting sensing data, calculating sensing data, or storing sensing data for different sensing modes.

[0153] The third functional network element can have different sensing latency capabilities for different sensing modes. The third functional network element can include a UPF. The UPF corresponds to the capability of transmitting sensing data 1 in the sensing mode of RAN sending and RAN receiving, and the UPF corresponds to the capability of transmitting sensing data 2 in the sensing mode of RAN sending and UE receiving. Because the distance of reporting sensing data is closer in the case of RAN obtaining original sensing data, the capability of transmitting sensing data 1 can be stronger than the capability of transmitting sensing data 2.

[0154] For different perception node types, similar to different perception modes, the second function network element is different, resulting in different perception time delay capabilities of the second function network element and the third function network element.

[0155] The perception service type is determined according to the perception target of the perception service or the perception raw data acquisition method, etc. For example, the perception service type can be UAV perception or vehicle perception, etc. For different perception service types, one or both of the second function network element and the third function network element can have different perception time delay capabilities. For example, for UAV perception, the second function network element corresponds to the acquisition raw perception data capability 3, and for vehicle perception, the second function network element corresponds to the acquisition raw perception data capability 4. Because a large amount of raw perception data acquisition is usually required when vehicle perception is performed, the acquisition raw perception data capability 4 can be stronger than the acquisition raw perception data capability 3 (the time delay range supported by the former is greater than that of the latter). Similarly, for the third function network element, the transmission perception data capability and the storage perception data capability for vehicle perception service can be stronger.

[0156] In some cases, the second function network element can send the (all) perception time delay capabilities of the second function network element to the first function network element, the third function network element can send the (all) perception time delay capabilities of the third function network element to the first function network element, and then the first function network element can determine a set of corresponding perception time delay capabilities from the perception time delay capabilities reported by the second function network element and / or the third function network element after determining at least one of the perception mode corresponding to the perception service, the perception node type adopted, and the perception service type according to the received perception service request, and then determine the first information and the second information.

[0157] In other cases, the first function network element can also send the perception mode of the perception service, the perception node type adopted, and / or the perception service type to the second function network element and / or the third function network element after determining the perception mode corresponding to the perception service, the perception node type adopted, and the perception service type according to the received perception service request, so that the second function network element and / or the third function network element report a set of corresponding perception time delay capabilities, and then determine the first information and the second information.

[0158] In this case, before the second function network element and / or the third function network element report the perception time delay capabilities, the first function network element can send a perception time delay capability request to the second function network element and / or the third function network element to request the corresponding perception time delay capabilities. The perception time delay capability request can include the perception mode of the perception service, the perception node type adopted, and / or the perception service type, etc.

[0159] The first reporting manner can make the second functional network element and / or the third functional network element report the sensing time delay capability in advance without occupying the time after the first functional network element receives the sensing service request, thereby improving the efficiency of the first functional network element in issuing the first information and the second information. The second reporting manner can reduce the content reported by the second functional network element and / or the third functional network element, thereby reducing the communication resource consumption.

[0160] It can be seen that, in the embodiments of the present application, the first functional network element obtains the first information and the second information based on the third information and the delay requirement of the sensing service, and the features of at least one of the second functional network element or the third functional network element and the delay requirement of the sensing service are combined to comprehensively determine the first information and the second information, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined first information and the second information, i.e., improving the accuracy of the obtained delay requirement, and further improving the accuracy of the delay management in the execution process of the sensing service.

[0161] Embodiment two: The above-described embodiments describe the method of the sensing time delay management of the second functional network element and the third functional network element. As described in the foregoing embodiments, the second functional network element can be different sensing devices in different sensing modes. This embodiment introduces the corresponding sensing time delay management method when the second functional network element is a sensing radio access network device RAN.

[0162] Referring to FIG. 3, another flowchart of the sensing time delay management method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown, as shown in FIG. 3, the method includes the following steps:

[0163] 301. The SF-C receives a sensing service request from the AF, and the sensing service request includes a delay requirement of the sensing service.

[0164] The first functional network element in this embodiment is the SF-C. The sensing service request sent by the AF is received by the SF-C.

[0165] 302. The SF-C sends first information to the RAN, and the first information is used to indicate the delay requirement of the RAN in performing sensing-related operations. The related operations include at least one of the following: obtaining original sensing data, calculating sensing data, and transmitting sensing data.

[0166] The second function network element in this embodiment is the RAN. The sensing operation performed by the RAN in the sensing service execution process includes obtaining original sensing data and transmitting sensing data, and can also include calculating sensing data. Correspondingly, the delay requirement in the first information can include a sensing delay requirement and a transmission delay requirement, or also include a calculation delay requirement. The transmission delay requirement can also be included in the transmission delay requirement of other network elements, that is, the transmission delay requirement can not be included in the first information. For example, the transmission delay requirement of the RAN includes the transmission delay requirement of the RAN to the SF-U, which can be carried in the second information as the transmission delay requirement of the SF-U, and the transmission delay requirement is not included in the first information. Or, when the data is transmitted to the SF-U through the UPF, and the UPF needs to forward, the transmission delay requirement of the RAN can be the transmission delay requirement of the RAN to the UPF.

[0167] In addition, assuming that the sensing operation performed by the RAN is multiple, the delay requirement in the first information can also be the sum of the delay requirements of the multiple sensing operations. The sum of the delay requirements is further divided by the RAN according to specific circumstances. For example, the first information includes the sum of the delay requirement of the RAN for obtaining original sensing data and the delay requirement of the RAN for calculating sensing data. After receiving the sum, the RAN allocates the sum according to the air interface resource situation and device computing resource to determine the split delay requirement of the RAN for obtaining original sensing data and the delay requirement of the RAN for calculating sensing data.

[0168] 303、The SF-C sends second information to the SF-U, and the second information is used to indicate a delay requirement of the SF-U for performing a sensing related operation. The related operation includes at least one of the following: calculating sensing data, and transmitting sensing data.

[0169] The third function network element in this embodiment includes the SF-U. The sensing operation performed by the SF-U in the sensing service execution process includes calculating sensing data and transmitting sensing data. Correspondingly, the delay requirement in the second information sent to the SF-U can include a calculation delay requirement and a transmission delay requirement. The transmission delay requirement can also be included in the transmission delay requirement of other network elements, that is, the transmission delay requirement can not be included in the second information. For example, the transmission delay requirement of the SF-U includes the transmission delay requirement of the RAN to the SF-U, which can be carried in the first information as the transmission delay requirement of the RAN, and the transmission delay requirement is not included in the second information. Or, when the data is transmitted to the SF-U through the UPF, and the UPF needs to forward, the transmission delay requirement of the SF-U can be the transmission delay requirement of the UPF to the SF-U.

[0170] Optionally, the third function network element can also include the SF-D, and the method further includes:

[0171] 3041、SF-C sends second information to SF-D, the second information is used to indicate time delay requirement for SF-D to perform sensing related operations. The related operations include storing sensing data (not shown in the figure).

[0172] The third functional network element in the embodiment can also include SF-D. The sensing operations performed by SF-D in the process of performing sensing service include storing sensing data and transmitting sensing data. Correspondingly, the time delay requirement in the second information sent to SF-D can include storing time delay requirement and transmitting time delay requirement. Similarly, the transmitting time delay requirement of SF-D and other network elements can be sent to other network elements, and thus the transmitting time delay requirement can not be included in the second information sent to SF-D.

[0173] 3042、SF-C sends second information to UPF, the second information is used to indicate time delay requirement for UPF to perform sensing related operations. The related operations include transmitting sensing data. In addition, when the transmitting time delay requirement can be carried in the first information as the transmitting time delay requirement from RAN to UPF, the transmitting time delay in this step is the transmitting time delay from UPF to SF-U. This step is optional, especially when data is not transmitted to SF-U through UPF.

[0174] The third functional network element in the embodiment can also include UPF. The sensing operations performed by UPF in the process of performing sensing service include transmitting sensing data. Correspondingly, the time delay requirement in the second information sent to UPF can include transmitting time delay requirement. Or the transmitting time delay requirement of UPF and other network elements can be sent to other network elements, and thus the second information sent to UPF is not included.

[0175] The third functional network element can also include other network elements, which can be used to perform at least one of the sensing related operations such as calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, storing sensing data, and the like, which are not listed one by one here.

[0176] In addition, SF-U and SF-D can be a combined network element, for example, referred to as SF-1 network element, and then step 303 and step 3041 can be replaced by step 303' (not shown in the figure): SF-C sends second information to SF-1, the second information is used to indicate time delay requirement for SF-1 to perform sensing related operations. The related operations include at least one of the following: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data.

[0177] The specific description of this step can be referred to the related description of step 303 and 304, which is not described here.

[0178] The first information and the second information sent by SF-C can be determined based on the third information and the time delay requirement of the sensing service. The third information can be the sensing time delay capability of RAN or SF-U. Therefore, the method can also include:

[0179] 305. The RAN sends the sensing latency capability of the RAN to the SF-C. Correspondingly, the SF-U receives the sensing latency capability of the RAN.

[0180] The sensing latency capability of the RAN includes at least one of the following: the capability of obtaining raw sensing data, the capability of computing sensing data, the capability of transmitting sensing data, and the capability of storing sensing data.

[0181] 306. The SF-U (or SF-1) sends the sensing latency capability of the SF-U to the SF-C. Correspondingly, the SF-C receives the sensing latency capability of the SF-U.

[0182] The sensing latency capability of the SF-U includes at least one of the following: the capability of computing sensing data, the capability of transmitting sensing data, and the capability of storing sensing data.

[0183] The sensing latency capability of the RAN and the sensing latency capability of the SF-U can include all sensing latency capabilities corresponding to different sensing modes, sensing node types, or sensing service types, or can only include the sensing latency capability corresponding to the sensing mode, the sensing node type, or the sensing service type of the sensing service. For details, refer to the related description in Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0184] In a possible case, the RAN and / or the SF-U send the sensing latency capability based on the request of the SF-C. Therefore, steps 305 and 306 can also be replaced by the following steps:

[0185] 305a. The SF-C sends a first latency capability request to the RAN.

[0186] 305b. The RAN sends a first latency capability response to the SF-C, and the first latency capability response includes the sensing latency capability of the RAN.

[0187] 306a. The SF-C sends a second latency capability request to the SF-U.

[0188] 306b. The SF-U sends a second latency capability response to the SF-C, and the second latency capability response includes the sensing latency capability of the SF-U.

[0189] The first latency capability request can also include the sensing mode of the sensing service, the sensing service type, and the like, so as to obtain more targeted sensing latency capability. Other third functional network elements such as UPF or SF-D can also use this way to report the sensing latency capability, which will not be repeated here.

[0190] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the application, in the case that the network element obtaining the original perception data is the perception access network device RAN, the SF-C sends the first information to the RAN to indicate the perception time delay requirement of the RAN for performing each perception operation, and sends the second information to the SF-U and the like to indicate the perception time delay requirement of the SF-U and the like for performing each perception operation, so that each operation execution stage of the perception service can be performed according to the corresponding perception time delay requirement, and the execution reliability of the perception service is ensured.

[0191] Embodiment three: This embodiment introduces a corresponding perception time delay management method when the second functional network element is a perception terminal device UE.

[0192] Referring to FIG. 4, a flowchart of another perception time delay management method provided by the embodiment of the application is shown, as shown in FIG. 4, the method includes the following steps:

[0193] 401. The SF-C receives a perception service request from the AF, and the perception service request includes a time delay requirement of the perception service.

[0194] 402. The SF-C sends first information to the UE, and the first information is used to indicate a time delay requirement of the UE for performing a perception-related operation. The related operation includes at least one of the following: obtaining original perception data, calculating perception data, and transmitting perception data. Correspondingly, the UE receives the first information.

[0195] The second functional network element in this embodiment is the UE. The perception operations performed by the UE in the perception service execution process include obtaining original perception data and transmitting perception data, and can also include calculating perception data. Correspondingly, the time delay requirement in the first information can include a perception time delay requirement and a transmission time delay requirement, or also include a calculation time delay requirement. The transmission time delay requirement can also be included in the transmission time delay requirement of other network elements, that is, the transmission time delay requirement can not be included in the first information. For example, the transmission time delay requirement of the UE includes the transmission time delay requirement of the UE to the RAN, and the transmission time delay requirement can be carried in the second information as the transmission time delay requirement of the RAN (at this time, the RAN does not perform the operation of obtaining original perception data, and is a third functional network element), and the first information does not include the transmission time delay requirement.

[0196] After the UE receives the first information, the UE triggers a request for perception resources to the RAN and carries the perception time delay requirement. The RAN configures the UE with the perception resources corresponding to the perception time delay requirement according to the perception resource ratio (such as a perception resource: communication resource ratio of 3:7), the frame structure (such as 1, 3, and 5 in frame structure 1 being perception time slots, and the rest being communication time slots; such as 8, 9, and 10 in frame structure 2 being perception time slots, and the rest being communication time slots), and the transceiving capability.

[0197] 403、SF-C sends second information to SF-U, the second information is used to indicate time delay requirement of SF-U performing sensing related operation. The related operation includes at least one of the following: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data. Correspondingly, SF-U receives the second information.

[0198] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0199] 4041 (not shown in the figure), SF-C sends second information to SF-D, the second information is used to indicate time delay requirement of SF-D performing sensing related operation. The related operation includes storing sensing data.

[0200] In addition, SF-C and SF-D can be a combined network element, for example, referred to as SF-1 network element, then step 403 and step 4041 can be replaced by step 403' (not shown in the figure): SF-C sends second information to SF-1, the second information is used to indicate time delay requirement of SF-1 performing sensing related operation. The related operation includes at least one of the following: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, storing sensing data.

[0201] 4042、SF-C sends second information to UPF, the second information is used to indicate time delay requirement of UPF performing sensing related operation. The related operation includes transmitting sensing data.

[0202] 4043、SF-C sends second information to RAN, the second information is used to indicate time delay requirement of RAN performing sensing related operation. The related operation includes at least one of the following: transmitting sensing data, calculating sensing data.

[0203] In the scenario that UE is the network element of original sensing data acquisition, RAN will be involved, for example, RAN receives sensing data pair from UE and performs sensing data calculation or sensing data transmission, etc. Then correspondingly, the second information sent to RAN can include at least one of the following: transmission time delay requirement and calculation time delay requirement.

[0204] In some scenarios, for example, in the sensing mode that RAN sends and UE receives, the sensing resource of UE is controlled by RAN. Therefore, the second information further includes time delay requirement of UE acquiring original sensing data. RAN can allocate sensing resource to UE according to the time delay requirement of UE acquiring original sensing data, so as to ensure that UE can acquire original sensing data according to the time delay requirement.

[0205] 4044、SF-C sends second information to SMF, the second information is used to indicate time delay requirement of SMF performing sensing related operation. The related operation includes transmitting sensing data.

[0206] The SMF can trigger the PDU session establishment / QoS flow establishment procedure for the perception service. The latency requirement sent to the SMF includes a transmission latency requirement. The SMF can initiate the PDU session establishment / QoS flow establishment procedure for the transmission latency requirement. Or map the transmission latency requirement into the 5QI latency of the PDU session / QoS flow, which is guaranteed by the 5QI for the transmission latency requirement between the UE and the SF-U.

[0207] Optionally, in the case of the PDU session establishment / QoS flow establishment procedure initiated by the SMF, the SF-C can not send the transmission latency requirement to the UPF, since the UPF is the transmission network element between the UE and the SF-U, and the transmission latency requirement between the UE and the SF-U can be guaranteed by the latency requirement in the 5QI.

[0208] Optionally, in the case of the PDU session establishment / QoS flow establishment procedure initiated by the SMF, the SF-C can not send the transmission latency requirement to the UE, and the transmission latency requirement between the UE and the SF-U is guaranteed by the latency requirement in the 5QI of the PDU session.

[0209] Optionally, in the case of the PDU session establishment / QoS flow establishment procedure initiated by the UE, the transmission latency requirement of the UE (between the UE and the SF-U) can be mapped into the 5QI, then the SF-C does not need to send the transmission latency requirement to the UE separately.

[0210] The first information and the second information sent by the SF-C can be determined based on the third information and the latency requirement of the perception service. The third information can be the perception latency capability of the RAN or the SF-U. Therefore, the method can further include:

[0211] 405. The UE sends the perception latency capability of the UE to the SF-C, including at least one of the following: the capability of obtaining raw perception data, the capability of calculating perception data, the capability of transmitting perception data, and the capability of storing perception data.

[0212] 406. The SF-U (or SF-1) sends the perception latency capability of the SF-U to the SF-C, including at least one of the following: the capability of calculating perception data, the capability of transmitting perception data, and the capability of storing perception data.

[0213] In one possible case, the UE and / or the SF-U send the perception latency capability based on the request of the SF-C, therefore, the steps 405 and 406 can also be replaced by the following steps:

[0214] 405a. The SF-C sends a first latency capability request to the UE;

[0215] 405b, the UE sends a first latency capability response to the SF-C, and the first latency capability response includes the perception latency capability of the UE.

[0216] 406a, the SF-C sends a second latency capability request to the SF-U;

[0217] 406b, the SF-U sends a second latency capability response to the SF-C, and the second latency capability response includes the perception latency capability of the SF-U.

[0218] The first latency capability request can also include a perception mode of the perception service, a perception service type, and the like, so as to obtain a more targeted perception latency capability. In addition, in the case where the SF-C sends a latency requirement to a third functional network element such as a RAN, a SF-D, a SMF, a UPF, and the like, the third functional network element can also report its own perception latency capability first, and the reporting manner can be one of the above-mentioned active reporting or requested reporting, which will not be described herein again.

[0219] It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, in the case where the network element obtaining the original perception data is a perception terminal device UE, the SF-C sends first information to the UE to instruct the UE to perform a perception latency requirement of each perception operation, and sends second information to a network element such as the SF-U to instruct the network element such as the SF-U to perform a perception latency requirement of each perception operation, so that each operation execution stage of the perception service can be performed according to the corresponding perception latency requirement, and the execution reliability of the perception service is guaranteed. In addition, the perception transmission latency of the UE can be guaranteed by 5QI, and therefore the sending manner of the transmission latency requirement of the UE corresponds to various possibilities, and the flexibility of sending the transmission latency requirement is improved.

[0220] Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a structural schematic diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication apparatus can be used to execute any one of the methods in the foregoing embodiments.

[0221] As shown in FIG. 5, the communication apparatus includes a processing module 1501 and a transceiver module 1502. The processing module 1501 can be one or more processors, and the transceiver module 1502 can be a transceiver or a communication interface. The communication apparatus can be used to implement the functions of the first functional network element, the second functional network element, and the third functional network element in any one of the method embodiments. These network elements or network functions can be network elements in a hardware device, software functions running on a special hardware, or virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform). Optionally, the communication apparatus can further include a storage module 1503 for storing program codes and data of the communication apparatus.

[0222] In the first example, the communication apparatus can be a first device or a chip in the first device, and perform the steps performed by the first function network element in the above-mentioned method embodiments one to three. The transceiver module 1502 is configured to support communication with the second function network element or the third function network element, etc. The processing module 1501 can be configured to support the actions performed by the first function network element in the above-mentioned method embodiments, except for sending and receiving.

[0223] Specifically, the transceiver module 1502 is configured to receive a sensing service request, the sensing service request including a time delay requirement of the sensing service; the processing module 1501 is configured to send, in combination with the transceiver module 1502, first information to the second function network element, the first information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the second function network element for performing a sensing-related operation, the related operation including at least one of the following: obtaining original sensing data, calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data; the processing module 1501 is further configured to send, in combination with the transceiver module 1502, second information to the third function network element, the second information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the third function network element for performing a sensing-related operation, the related operation including at least one of the following: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data.

[0224] In an implementable embodiment, the first information includes at least one of a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or the first information is a sum of at least two of the following time delay requirements: the sensing time delay requirement, the transmission time delay requirement, the calculation time delay requirement, and the storage time delay requirement.

[0225] In an implementable embodiment, the second information includes at least one of a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or the first information is a sum of at least two of the following time delay requirements: the transmission time delay requirement, the calculation time delay requirement, and the storage time delay requirement.

[0226] In an implementable embodiment, before sending the first information to the second function network element, the processing module 1501 is further configured to: obtain the first information and the second information based on third information and a time delay requirement of the sensing service, wherein the third information includes at least one of the following: a sensing time delay capability of the second function network element, a sensing time delay capability of the third function network element, a sensing mode corresponding to the sensing service, and a sensing node type.

[0227] In an implementable embodiment, the sensing time delay capability of the second function network element includes at least one of the following: an ability of obtaining original sensing data, an ability of calculating sensing data, an ability of transmitting sensing data, and an ability of storing sensing data; the sensing time delay capability of the third function network element includes at least one of the following: an ability of calculating sensing data, an ability of transmitting sensing data, and an ability of storing sensing data.

[0228] In an implementable embodiment, the sensing time delay capability of the second functional network element or the sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element is related to at least one of the following: a sensing mode, a sensing node type, or a sensing service type.

[0229] In an implementable embodiment, the second functional network element is a sensing access network device, and the first information includes a sensing time delay requirement and a computing time delay requirement, or a sum of the sensing time delay requirement and the computing time delay requirement.

[0230] In an implementable embodiment, the second functional network element is a sensing terminal device, and the first information includes a sensing time delay requirement, a computing time delay requirement, and a transmission time delay requirement, or a sum of the sensing time delay requirement, the computing time delay requirement, and the transmission time delay requirement.

[0231] In an implementable embodiment, the second functional network element is a sensing terminal device, and the transmission time delay requirement included in the first information corresponds to a time delay requirement of a PDU session or a quality of service (QoS) flow.

[0232] In an implementable embodiment, the third functional network element is a data transmission network element, and the transmission time delay requirement is included in the second information.

[0233] In an implementable embodiment, the third functional network element is a sensing user plane network element or a sensing data plane network element, and at least one of the transmission time delay requirement, the computing time delay requirement, and the storage time delay requirement is included in the second information.

[0234] In a second example, the communication apparatus can be a second device or a chip in the second device, and perform the steps performed by the second functional network element in the above method embodiments one to three. The transceiver 1502 is configured to support communication with the first functional network element or the third functional network element, etc. The processing module 1501 is configured to support performance of the actions in the above method embodiments other than sending and receiving, etc., performed by the second functional network element.

[0235] Specifically, the transceiver 1502 is configured to: receive first information from the first functional network element, the first information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the second functional network element for performing a sensing-related operation, the related operation including at least one of the following: obtaining original sensing data, computing sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data.

[0236] The processing module 1501 is configured to: perform the sensing-related operation according to the first information.

[0237] In an implementable embodiment, the first information includes at least one of the following: a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a computing time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or the first information is a sum of at least two of the following time delay requirements: a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a computing time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

[0238] In an implementation, before receiving the first information from the first functional network element, the transceiver 1502 is further configured to send, to the first functional network element, a sensing latency capability of the second functional network element, the sensing latency capability of the second functional network element comprising at least one of: an ability to acquire raw sensing data, an ability to compute sensing data, an ability to transmit sensing data, an ability to store sensing data.

[0239] In an implementation, the sensing latency capability of the second functional network element is related to at least one of: a sensing mode, a sensing node type, or a sensing service type.

[0240] In an implementation, the second functional network element is a sensing access network device, and the first information comprises at least one of: a sensing latency requirement, a computation latency requirement, or a sum of the sensing latency requirement and the computation latency requirement.

[0241] In an implementation, the second functional network element is a sensing terminal device, and the first information comprises at least one of: a sensing latency requirement, a computation latency requirement, and a transmission latency requirement, or a sum of the sensing latency requirement, the computation latency requirement, and the transmission latency requirement.

[0242] In an implementation, the second functional network element is a sensing terminal device, and the transmission latency requirement comprised in the first information corresponds to a latency requirement of a PDU session or a quality of service (QoS) flow.

[0243] In a third example, the communication apparatus can be a third device or a chip in the third device, and perform the steps executed by the third functional network element in the above method embodiments 1-3. The transceiver 1502 is configured to support communication with the first functional network element or the second functional network element. The processing module 1501 can be configured to support execution of actions other than sending and receiving by the third functional network element in the above method embodiments.

[0244] Specifically, the transceiver 1502 is configured to receive second information from the first functional network element, the second information being used to indicate a latency requirement of the third functional network element for performing a sensing-related operation, the sensing-related operation comprising at least one of: computing sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data. The processing module 1501 is configured to perform the sensing-related operation according to the second information.

[0245] In an implementation, the second information comprises at least one of: a transmission latency requirement, a computation latency requirement, and a storage latency requirement; or the second information is a sum of at least two of the transmission latency requirement, the computation latency requirement, and the storage latency requirement.

[0246] In a possible implementation, before receiving the second information from the first functional network element, the transceiver module 1502 is further configured to: send, to the first functional network element, a sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element, the sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element including at least one of: a capability of calculating sensing data, a capability of transmitting sensing data, and a capability of storing sensing data.

[0247] In a possible implementation, the third functional network element is a data transmission network element, and the second information includes a transmission time delay requirement.

[0248] In a possible implementation, the third functional network element is a sensing user plane network element or a sensing data plane network element, and the second information includes at least one of: a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

[0249] The processing module 1501 can be a processor, which can execute computer execution instructions stored in the storage module, so that the chip executes the method described in any of the embodiments.

[0250] Further, the processor can include a controller, an arithmetic unit, and a register. For example, the controller is mainly responsible for instruction decoding and sending a control signal for the operation corresponding to the instruction. The arithmetic unit is mainly responsible for performing fixed-point or floating-point arithmetic operation, shift operation, and logic operation, and can also perform address operation and conversion. The register is mainly responsible for saving the register operand and intermediate operation result temporarily stored in the process of instruction execution, etc. In a specific implementation, the hardware architecture of the processor can be an ASIC architecture, a microprocessor without interlocked piped stages architecture (MIPS) architecture, an advanced RISC machines (ARM) architecture, or a network processor (NP) architecture, etc. The processor can be single-core or multi-core.

[0251] The storage module can be a storage module in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc. The storage module can also be a storage module located outside the chip, such as a ROM or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a RAM, etc.

[0252] It should be noted that the functions of the processor and the interface correspond to each other can be implemented by hardware design, or can be implemented by software design, or can be implemented by a combination of software and hardware, which is not limited here.

[0253] As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a structure diagram of another sensing device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The sensing device 1100 includes a processor 1101. Optionally, the sensing device 1100 further includes an interface circuit 1102, and the processor 1101 and the interface circuit 1102 are coupled with each other. It can be understood that the interface circuit 1102 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, the sensing device 1100 further includes a memory 1103 (indicated by a dashed line in the figure), which is used to store instructions executed by the processor 1101, or to store input data required by the processor 1101 in executing instructions, or to store data generated after the processor 1101 executes instructions.

[0254] When the sensing device 1100 is used to implement the function of the sensing receiving end, the interface circuit 1102 is configured to perform the transceiving operation performed by the second function network element in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the RAN in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, or the UE in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.

[0255] When the sensing device 1100 is used to implement the function of the sensing sending end, the interface circuit 1102 is configured to perform the transceiving operation performed by the UE in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, or the RAN in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.

[0256] The specific implementation of the processor 1101, the interface circuit 1102 and the memory 1103 can refer to the related description in the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4.

[0257] When the sensing device is a chip applied to the sensing sending end, the chip implements the function of the sensing sending end in the method embodiments. The chip receives information from other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the sensing sending end, and the information is sent by the sensing receiving end to the sensing sending end. Alternatively, the chip sends information to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the sensing sending end, and the information is sent by the sensing sending end to the sensing receiving end.

[0258] When the sensing device is a chip applied to the sensing receiving end, the chip implements the function of the sensing receiving end in the method embodiments. The chip receives information from other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the sensing receiving end, and the information is sent by the sensing sending end to the sensing receiving end. Alternatively, the chip sends information to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the sensing receiving end, and the information is sent by the sensing receiving end to the sensing sending end.

[0259] In addition, it should be noted that the aforementioned transceiver unit and / or processing unit can be implemented by a virtual module, for example, the processing unit can be implemented by a software function unit or a virtual device, and the transceiver unit can be implemented by a software function or a virtual device. Alternatively, the processing unit or the transceiver unit can also be implemented by an entity device, for example, if the device is implemented by a chip / chip circuit, the transceiver unit can be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface, which performs an input operation (corresponding to the aforementioned receiving operation) and an output operation (corresponding to the aforementioned sending operation); the processing unit is an integrated processor or a microprocessor or an integrated circuit.

[0260] It can be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0261] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication device, which comprises at least one processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions; and the at least one processor is used to execute the computer programs or instructions in the memory, so that the method corresponding to each device or network element in any of the above methods is executed.

[0262] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication system, which comprises a first device corresponding to a first functional network element, a second device corresponding to a second functional network element, and a third device corresponding to a third functional network element.

[0263] The embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium, which is characterized by storing computer instructions, when the computer instructions are executed, the computer executes the method in any of the above methods.

[0264] The embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which comprises computer program codes, when the computer program codes are run by a computer, the computer executes the method in any of the above methods.

[0265] The embodiments of the present application provide a chip, which is coupled with a memory, and is used to read and execute program instructions in the memory, so that the device where the chip is located implements the method in any of the above methods.

[0266] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment is focused on, and the part not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments. It should be noted that, for the foregoing method embodiments, in order to simply describe, they are all expressed as a combination of a series of actions, but those skilled in the art should know that the application is not limited to the order of the actions described, because according to the application, some steps can be performed in other order or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily necessary for the application.

[0267] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed device can be implemented by other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the above units is only a logical function division, and there can be another division way in actual implementation, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and can be electrical or other forms.

[0268] The units described as separate components above can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. According to actual needs, part or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0269] The above description and the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent; and these modifications or replacements do not make the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for managing a perception latency, the method comprising: determining a perception latency of a perception system; and adjusting a perception rate of the perception system based on the perception latency. The method applied to a first functional network element comprises: receiving a sensing service request, the sensing service request comprising a time delay requirement of a sensing service; sending first information to a second functional network element, the first information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the second functional network element performing a sensing related operation, the related operation comprising at least one of the following: obtaining original sensing data, calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data; sending second information to a third functional network element, the second information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the third functional network element performing a sensing related operation, the related operation comprising at least one of the following: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first information comprises at least one of a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or The first information is a sum of the following time delay requirements: a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The second information comprises at least one of a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or The first information is a sum of the following time delay requirements: a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, Before the sending of the first information to the second functional network element, the method further comprises: obtaining the first information and the second information based on third information and the time delay requirement of the sensing service, wherein the third information comprises at least one of a sensing time delay capability of the second functional network element and a sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element, a sensing mode corresponding to the sensing service, and a sensing node type.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The sensing time delay capability of the second functional network element comprises at least one of the following: an ability of obtaining original sensing data, an ability of calculating sensing data, an ability of transmitting sensing data, and an ability of storing sensing data. The sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element comprises at least one of the following: an ability of calculating sensing data, an ability of transmitting sensing data, and an ability of storing sensing data.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The sensing time delay capability of the second functional network element or the sensing time delay capability of the third functional network element is related to at least one of the following: a sensing mode, a sensing node type, or a sensing service type.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, The second functional network element is a sensing access network device, and the first information comprises a sensing time delay requirement and a calculation time delay requirement, or a sum of the sensing time delay requirement and the calculation time delay requirement.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The second functional network element is a sensing terminal device, and the first information comprises a sensing time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a transmission time delay requirement, or a sum of the sensing time delay requirement, the calculation time delay requirement, and the transmission time delay requirement.

9. The method according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The second functional network element is a sensing terminal device, and the transmission time delay requirement comprised in the first information corresponds to a time delay requirement of a PDU session or a quality of service (QoS) flow.

10. The method according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The third functional network element is a data transmission network element, and the second information comprises a transmission time delay requirement.

11. The method according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The third function network element is a sensing user plane network element or a sensing data plane network element, and the second information includes at least one of a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

12. A method for managing a perception latency, the method comprising: The method applied to the second function network element comprises: receiving first information from a first function network element, the first information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the second function network element for performing a sensing related operation, the related operation including at least one of the following: obtaining original sensing data, calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data; performing the sensing related operation according to the first information.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The first information includes at least one of a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or The first information is a sum of the following time delay requirements: at least two of a sensing time delay requirement, a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, Before receiving the first information from the first function network element, the method further comprises: sending, to the first function network element, a sensing time delay capability of the second function network element, the sensing time delay capability of the second function network element including at least one of the following: an ability of obtaining original sensing data, an ability of calculating sensing data, an ability of transmitting sensing data, and an ability of storing sensing data.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, The sensing time delay capability of the second function network element is related to at least one of the following: a sensing mode, a sensing node type, or a sensing service type.

16. The method according to any one of claims 12-15, characterized in that, The second function network element is a sensing access network device, and the first information includes a sensing time delay requirement and a calculation time delay requirement, or a sum of the sensing time delay requirement and the calculation time delay requirement.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12-15, characterized in that, The second function network element is a sensing terminal device, and the first information includes a sensing time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a transmission time delay requirement, or a sum of the sensing time delay requirement, the calculation time delay requirement, and the transmission time delay requirement.

18. The method according to any one of claims 12-15, characterized in that, The second function network element is a sensing terminal device, and the transmission time delay requirement included in the first information corresponds to a time delay requirement of a PDU session or a quality of service (QoS) flow.

19. A method for managing a perception latency, the method comprising: The method applied to the third function network element comprises: receiving second information from a first function network element, the second information being used to indicate a time delay requirement of the third function network element for performing a sensing related operation, the related operation including at least one of the following: calculating sensing data, transmitting sensing data, and storing sensing data; performing the sensing related operation according to the second information.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein, The second information includes at least one of a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement; or The second information is a sum of the following time delay requirements: at least two of a transmission time delay requirement, a calculation time delay requirement, and a storage time delay requirement.

21. The method of claim 19 or 20, wherein, Before receiving the second information from the first function network element, the method further comprises: sending, to the first function network element, a sensing time delay capability of the third function network element, the sensing time delay capability of the third function network element including at least one of the following: an ability of calculating sensing data, an ability of transmitting sensing data, and an ability of storing sensing data.

22. The method of any one of claims 19-21, wherein, The third function network element is a data transmission network element, and the second information includes a transmission time delay requirement.

23. The method of any one of claims 19-21, wherein, The third functional network element is a perceptive user plane network element or a perceptive data plane network element, and the second information includes at least one of a transmission delay requirement, a calculation delay requirement, and a storage delay requirement.

24. A communications device, characterized by The apparatus comprises units or modules for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-23. 25.A communication apparatus, comprising: The communication apparatus comprises at least one processor and a memory; The memory is configured to store computer programs or instructions, and the at least one processor is configured to execute the computer programs or instructions in the memory, so that the method of any one of claims 1-23 is executed. 26.A communication system, comprising: The communication system comprises a first functional network element, a second functional network element, and a third functional network element; The first functional network element is configured to execute the method of any one of claims 1-11, the second functional network element is configured to execute the method of any one of claims 12-18, and the third functional network element is configured to execute the method of any one of claims 19-23.

27. A chip system, characterized by The chip system comprises at least one processor, a memory, and an interface circuit, the memory, the interface circuit, and the at least one processor are interconnected through a line, and the at least one memory stores instructions; when the instructions are executed by the processor, the method of any one of claims 1-23 is implemented.

28. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the method of any one of claims 1-23 is implemented.

29. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product comprises instructions, and when the instructions are executed, the method of any one of claims 1-23 is implemented.

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