Machine tool

Abstract

Provided is a machine tool in which the occurrence of strain at the base thereof can be suppressed. This machine tool includes a base, and comprises: an adjustment device for adjusting the vertical position of the base; and an application device for applying a downward force to the adjustment device. Preferably, the machine tool includes a plurality of the adjustment devices and a plurality of the application devices, with the application devices and the adjustment devices in one-to-one correspondence, so that a force is applied to all of the adjustment devices. More preferably, each application device has: a beam member in which a lower part of one end part is in contact with the adjustment device; a support member that supports an upper part of a middle part of the beam member; and an application member that applies a force to a lower part of the other end part of the beam member.

Description

Machine tool

[0001] This technology relates to a machine tool for machining a workpiece.

[0002] The machine tool includes, for example, a base having a rectangular shape in plan view. A table for holding a workpiece and a spindle head are provided on the base. Adjusting devices for adjusting the distance between the base and the floor, that is, the vertical position of the base, are provided at the four corners of the base (see Patent Document 1).

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-193150

[0004] A fixing member may be provided between the two adjusting devices. The base is fixed to the floor by the fixing member. When the distance between the fixing member and the adjusting device is long, a moment may act on the base with the adjusting device as a fulcrum due to the force from the fixing member, and the base may be distorted.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a machine tool capable of suppressing the occurrence of distortion in the base.

[0006] A machine tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes, in a machine tool having a base, an adjusting device for adjusting the vertical position of the base, and an applying device for applying a downward force to the adjusting device. The applying device applies a force to the adjusting device of the base, and firmly fixes the base to the floor, so that the occurrence of distortion in the base can be suppressed.

[0007] A machine tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of adjusting devices and a plurality of applying devices. Each applying device corresponds to each adjusting device and applies a force to each adjusting device. In the present disclosure, since a force is applied to all the adjusting devices, the occurrence of distortion in the base can be further suppressed.

[0008] The applying device of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a beam member whose lower part at one end contacts the adjusting device, a support member that supports the upper part of the middle part of the beam member, and an applying member that applies a force to the lower part of the other end of the beam member.

[0009] In the present disclosure, a force is applied to the adjusting device with the support member as a fulcrum, one end of the beam member as a point of action, and the other end of the beam member as a point of force.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the length of the first portion between one end of the beam member and the support member is longer than the length of the second portion between the other end of the beam member and the support member.

[0011] In this disclosure, the base can be prevented from getting in the way when installing the attachment device. Also, by shortening the second part, the attachment device can be prevented from obstructing the passage of workers.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the length of the first portion between one end of the beam member and the support member is shorter than the length of the second portion between the other end of the beam member and the support member.

[0013] In this disclosure, the force acting on the adjustment device is amplified by the principle of leverage.

[0014] A machine tool according to one embodiment of the present disclosure has an adjustment device comprising a screw shaft that penetrates the base vertically, a support plate positioned between the base and the floor and supporting the screw shaft, and a nut fixed to the base and connected to the screw shaft, and a force-applying device configured to apply force inward from the edge of the support plate.

[0015] In this disclosure, force is applied to the part of the adjustment device that is in contact with the floor.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the machine tool has a force-applying device configured to apply force to the screw shaft or the nut.

[0017] In this disclosure, a force is applied to a part of the adjustment device or a component near thereto that is directly subjected to a load from the base.

[0018] In a machine tool according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the force-applying device applies force to the adjustment device and fixes the base to the floor. The distance between the force-applying device and the adjustment device is shortened, which suppresses the occurrence of distortion in the base.

[0019] This is a perspective view showing a machine tool. This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in Figure 1. This is a partial perspective view showing the base, adjustment device, and attachment device. This is a front view showing the base, adjustment device, and attachment device. This is a partially enlarged front cross-sectional view of the area near the adjustment device and attachment device. This is a partially enlarged right side cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in Figure 4. This is a partially enlarged front cross-sectional view relating to Modification Example 1 of a machine tool with a partially modified configuration. This is a partially enlarged front cross-sectional view relating to Modification Example 2 of a machine tool with a partially modified configuration. This is a partially enlarged right side cross-sectional view relating to Modification Example 3 of a machine tool with a partially modified configuration. This is a partially enlarged right side cross-sectional view relating to Modification Example 4 of a machine tool with a partially modified configuration. This is a partially enlarged front cross-sectional view relating to Modification Example 5 of a machine tool with a partially modified configuration.

[0020] The present invention will be described below based on drawings showing an embodiment of the machine tool 100. In the following description, for ease of understanding, the directions up, down, front, back, left, and right in the figures will be used. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the machine tool 100 comprises a base 10 and a cover 9 provided on the upper side of the base 10.

[0021] The base 10 is made of metal and has a rectangular shape extending in the front-to-back direction. The upper surface 101 of the front part of the base 10 is recessed. The base 10 holds the machining table 8 and the mechanism 81 for moving the machining table 8. A vertical column 2 is provided on the base 10 behind the machining table 8. A spindle head 4 is provided on the front of the vertical column 2. The spindle head 4 is movable in the vertical direction.

[0022] The spindle head 4 has a spindle 6 at its lower end to which a tool is attached. The spindle 6 has a roughly columnar shape that extends vertically. A spindle motor 5 that rotates the spindle 6 is provided at the upper end of the spindle head 4. A tool magazine 7 is provided at the middle of the vertical column 2 via two connecting plates. The tool magazine 7 is fixed to the front ends of the two connecting plates. The tool magazine 7 is, for example, a turret-type tool magazine that stores multiple tools. The tool magazine 7 is located in front of the spindle head 4.

[0023] The cover 9 is fixed along the edge of the upper surface 101 of the base 10. The cover 9 is provided so as to surround the machining table 8, the moving mechanism 81, and the spindle head 4.

[0024] The cover 9 has a front wall 91, a rear wall 92, a left wall 93, and a right wall 94. The front wall 91 has a rectangular opening 95 in the center and a door 96 for opening and closing the opening 95. The right wall 94 has an opening 97 and a door 98 for opening and closing the opening 97. The left wall 93 has an opening and a door 99 for opening and closing the opening.

[0025] A control device 3 is located on the rear side of the rear wall 92. The control device 3 performs control related to tool changes, workpiece machining, etc., in the machine tool 100. For example, the control device 3 rotates the tool magazine 7 to position the tool in a predetermined position, then lowers the spindle head 4 to mount the tool on the spindle 6. The control device 3 also raises the spindle head 4 to remove the tool from the spindle 6 and store it in the tool magazine 7.

[0026] The adjustment device 11 and the application device 12 will be explained with reference to Figures 3 to 6.

[0027] Legs 10a are provided at each of the four corners of the base 10. The legs 10a protrude downwards. A recess 10b opening to the right is formed on the right side of each right leg 10a. A recess 10b opening to the left is formed on the left side of each left leg 10a. A female screw 10c that penetrates vertically is formed on the bottom surface of each recess 10b. On the bottom surface of each recess 10b, a transport hole 10d that penetrates vertically is formed next to the female screw 10c, used when transporting the machine tool 100.

[0028] Each leg 10a is provided with an adjustment device 11 for adjusting the vertical position of the base 10. In other words, there are four adjustment devices 11. Each adjustment device 11 comprises a support plate 11a, a screw shaft 11c, and a nut 11d. The support plate 11a is positioned between the leg 10a and the floor 50. The support plate 11a is circular in plan view. The center of the support plate 11a is raised. A recess 11b is formed on the upper surface of the center of the support plate 11a. The recess 11b is located approximately directly below the female screw 10c.

[0029] The nut 11d is fixed to the upper side of the female thread 10c. The nut 11d is positioned coaxially with respect to the female thread 10c. The screw shaft 11c is connected to the nut 11d and the female thread 10c with its head facing upwards. The lower end of the screw shaft 11c fits into the recess 11b. The lower end of the screw shaft 11c is rotatable within the recess 11b. By rotating the screw shaft 11c forward or backward, the base 10 moves up and down, that is, the vertical position of the base 10 can be adjusted.

[0030] A force-applying device 12 is provided on each leg portion 10a to apply force to the adjustment device 11. There are four force-applying devices 12. Each force-applying device 12 applies force to each adjustment device 11. That is, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the force-applying device 12 and the adjustment device 11. The force-applying device 12 comprises a beam member 12a, a bolt 12b, a nut 12c, a washer 12d, a bolt 12f, and a nut 12g. The beam member 12a is a strip-shaped metal plate. A recess 12e is formed at one end of the beam member 12a, opening outward in the direction of the long side of the beam member 12a. That is, one end of the beam member 12a has a bifurcated shape. A through hole 12h is provided at the other end of the beam member 12a, penetrating in a direction perpendicular to one surface and the other surface of the beam member 12a.

[0031] One surface of the beam member 12a faces upward, and the other surface faces downward. Hereinafter, the aforementioned surface will be referred to as the upper surface, and the other surface as the lower surface. One end of the beam member 12a is positioned such that the screw shaft 11c is located inside the recess 12e between the nut 11d and the head of the screw shaft 11c. The lower surface of the end of the beam member 12a, i.e., the lower part of the end, is in contact with the upper surface of the nut 11d.

[0032] A bolt 12f is inserted into the through hole 12h with its head facing downwards. The head of the bolt 12f is in contact with the floor 50. That is, the bolt 12f is located above the floor 50. A nut 12g is connected to the bolt 12f between the head of the bolt 12f and the other end of the beam member 12a. The lower surface of the other end of the beam member 12a is in contact with the nut 12g.

[0033] The bolt 12b penetrates the middle of the beam member 12a with its head facing upwards. A female thread is formed in the floor 50 below the bolt 12b. The lower end of the bolt 12b connects to the female thread in the floor 50. In other words, the bolt 12b is fixed to the floor 50. A nut 12c is connected to the bolt 12b between the upper surface of the beam member 12a and the head of the bolt 12b. A washer 12d is provided between the nut 12c and the beam member 12a. The washer 12d contacts the upper surface of the beam member 12a. In other words, the bolt 12b, nut 12c, and washer 12d support the upper part of the beam member 12a. The bolt 12b, nut 12c, and washer 12d constitute a support member.

[0034] The length D1 between the axis of bolt 12b and the center of recess 12e, that is, the length of the first portion between one end of beam member 12a and bolt 12b, is approximately the same as the length D2 between the axis of bolt 12b and the axis of bolt 12f, that is, the length of the second portion between the other end of beam member 12a and bolt 12b.

[0035] The height of the beam member 12a is adjusted by moving the nut 12g vertically, making the beam member 12a horizontal. The worker moves the nut 12c downward, that is, the position of the nut 12g relative to the nut 12c is made higher. The nut 12g applies force to the lower part of the other end of the beam member 12a, and applies a downward force to the nut 11d from one end of the beam member 12a. By making the relative position of the nut 12g relative to the nut 12c higher, a larger force acts on the nut 11d, and by making the relative position of the nut 12g lower, a smaller force acts on the nut 11d. That is, with the support member as the fulcrum, one end of the beam member 12a as the point of application, and the other end of the beam member 12a as the point of force application, force is applied to the adjustment device 11. The nut 12g and the bolt 12f constitute the force-applying member.

[0036] The operator tightens the nuts 12c with a torque wrench, thereby making the force applied from each force-applying device 12 to each adjustment device 11 approximately the same. In other words, each force-applying device 12 applies approximately the same force to each adjustment device 11. This effectively suppresses deformation of the base 10.

[0037] As shown in Figure 6, one end of the beam member 12a, i.e., the bifurcated portion, is located inside and above the edge of the support plate 11a. In other words, the entire end of the beam member 12a is located within the area A occupied by the support plate 11a in a plan view.

[0038] In this embodiment, the force application device 12 of the machine tool 100 applies force to the adjustment device 11, fixing the base 10 to the floor. The distance between the force application device 12 and the adjustment device 11 is shortened, which suppresses the occurrence of distortion in the base 10.

[0039] The force application device 12 applies force to all the adjustment devices 11, preventing uneven distribution of force and suppressing the generation of moments with the adjustment devices as fulcrums. Furthermore, using the support member as the fulcrum, with one end of the beam member 12a as the point of application and the other end of the beam member 12a as the point of effort, the force is applied to the adjustment devices 11 using the principle of a lever.

[0040] By positioning one end of the beam member 12a within area A, a force is applied to the part of the adjustment device 11 that is in contact with the floor, thereby suppressing the application of a moment to the base 10 with the adjustment device 11 as a fulcrum.

[0041] Furthermore, one end of the beam member 12a applies force to the nut 11d, that is, to the screw shaft 11c, which is directly subjected to the load from the base 10. This further suppresses the moment acting on the base 10.

[0042] Figure 7 is a partially enlarged front cross-sectional view relating to a modified example 1 of the machine tool 100 with a partially changed configuration. The cross-sectional position in Figure 7 is the same as in Figure 5. As shown in Figure 7, the length D1 of the first part is shorter than the length D2 of the second part. In this case, by the principle of leverage, even if the amount of movement of the nut 12g is small, a large force can be applied to the adjustment device 11, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0043] FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged front cross-sectional view according to Modification Example 2 of the machine tool 100 with a partially modified configuration. The cross-sectional position in FIG. 8 is the same as that in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 8, the length D1 of the first portion is longer than the length D2 of the second portion. In this case, since the bolts 12b, nuts 12c, and washers 12d can be installed at a position separated from the base 10, it is possible to prevent the base 10 from interfering during the installation of the bolts 12b, nuts 12c, and washers 12d. Further, since the distance between the bolts 12b, nuts 12c, and washers 12d and the bolts 12f and nuts 12g is short, the overall length of the applying device 12 can be shortened, and it is possible to prevent the applying device 12 from obstructing the passage of the operator.

[0044] FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged right side cross-sectional view according to Modification Example 3 of the machine tool 100 with a partially modified configuration. The cross-sectional position in FIG. 9 is the same as that in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 9, the recess 12e is not formed at one end of the beam member 12a. One end of the beam member 12a is disposed on the head of the screw shaft 11c.

[0045] One end of the beam member 12a applies a force to the screw shaft 11c on which the load from the base 10 directly acts. Therefore, it is possible to further suppress the moment acting on the base 10. Note that a recess 12e may be formed at one end of the beam member 12a.

[0046] FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged right side cross-sectional view according to Modification Example 4 of the machine tool 100 with a partially modified configuration. The cross-sectional position in FIG. 10 is the same as that in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 10, one end of the beam member 12a, that is, the bifurcated portion, is disposed on the peripheral edge of the conveying hole 10d. Most of the peripheral edge of the conveying hole 10d is located within the region A occupied by the support disk 11a in plan view. That is, most of one end of the beam member 12a is located within the region A in plan view.

[0047] By disposing most of one end of the beam member 12a within the region A, a force is applied to the portion of the adjusting device 11 that contacts the floor, so that it is possible to suppress the moment acting on the base 10 with the adjusting device 11 as a fulcrum. Note that a part of one end of the beam member 12a may be disposed within the region A. The recess 12e may not be formed at one end of the beam member 12a.

[0048] FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged front sectional view according to Modification Example 5 of the machine tool 100 with a partially modified configuration. The cross-sectional position in FIG. 11 is the same as that in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 11, the machine tool 100 includes an applying device 13. The applying device 13 includes a main body portion 13a having a Z shape and a fixing bolt 13b. The upper tip portion of the main body portion 13a is located on the head of the screw shaft 11c. The bolt 13b penetrates the lower portion of the main body portion 13a and is connected to the floor 50. That is, the main body portion 13a is fixed to the floor 50. The upper tip portion of the main body portion 13a applies a force from the upper side to the lower side to the screw shaft 11c.

[0049] In the above-described machine tool 100, the vertical position of the base 10 is adjusted by the adjusting device 11 having the screw shaft 11c and the nut 11d, but a wedge may be used instead of the screw shaft 11c and the nut 11d. For example, a wedge may be disposed between the leg portion 10a and the floor 50, and the vertical position of the base 10 may be adjusted by adjusting the position of the wedge in the front-rear or left-right direction.

[0050] The embodiments disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is intended to include all modifications within the scope of the claims and the scope equivalent to the claims. The matters described in each embodiment can be combined with each other. In addition, the independent claims and dependent claims described in the claims can be combined with each other in all possible combinations regardless of the citation form. Further, the claims use a form (multi-claim form) in which a claim that cites two or more other claims is described, but it is not limited to this. A form in which a multi-claim (multi-multi-claim) that cites at least one multi-claim may be described may be used.

[0051] 10 Base 10a Leg portion 11 Adjusting device 11c Screw shaft 11a Support disk 11d Nut 12 Applying device 12a Beam member 12b Bolt (support member) 12c Nut (support member) 12d Washer (support member) 12f Bolt (applying member) 12g Nut (applying member) 13 Applying device 100 Machine tool

Claims

1. A machine tool equipped with a base, comprising an adjustment device for adjusting the vertical position of the base, and a force application device for applying a downward force to the adjustment device.

2. The machine tool according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of adjustment devices, a plurality of force-applying devices, each force-applying device corresponding to each adjustment device, and force being applied to each adjustment device.

3. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the force application device comprises a beam member whose lower end at one end contacts the adjustment device, a support member that supports the upper part of the middle portion of the beam member, and a force application member that applies force to the lower end of the other end of the beam member.

4. The machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the length of the first portion between one end of the beam member and the support member is longer than the length of the second portion between the other end of the beam member and the support member.

5. The machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the length of the first portion between the one end of the beam member and the support member is shorter than the length of the second portion between the other end of the beam member and the support member.

6. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjustment device comprises a screw shaft that penetrates the base vertically, a support plate positioned between the base and the floor and supporting the screw shaft, and a nut fixed to the base and connected to the screw shaft, and the force-applying device is configured to apply force inward from the edge of the support plate.

7. The machine tool according to claim 6, wherein the force-applying device has a configuration for applying force to the screw shaft or the nut.

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