Receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. Generally, the described techniques may enable a user equipment (UE) to receive warning notifications while connected to a narrowband internet-of-things (NB-IoT) network. In some examples, the UE may periodically tune a radio frequency chain of the UE to another network that supports a public warning system to monitor for one or more paging messages, the one or more warning notifications, or both. In some cases, the UE may periodically tune to the other network entity in accordance with a sleep mode of the UE. Additionally, or alternatively, the NB-IoT network may transmit the one or more paging messages to the UE, and the UE may tune to the other network entity to receive the one or more warning notifications based on receiving the one or more paging messages.

Description

Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO1RECEIVING WIRELESS WARNING NOTIFICATIONS WHILE CONNECTED IN NON-SUPPORTING NETWORKSCROSS REFERENCE

[0001] The present Application for Patent claims the benefit of Greece Patent Application No. 20240100705 by CATOVIC et al., entitled “RECEIVING WIRELESS WARNING NOTIFICATIONS WHILE CONNECTED IN NON- SUPPORTING NETWORKS,” filed October 7, 2024, assigned to the assignee hereof, and expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The following relates to wireless communications, including receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks.BACKGROUND

[0003] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE- Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE). Components within a wireless communication system may be coupled (for example, operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, and / or electrically) to each other.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO2SUMMARY

[0004] The systems, methods, and devices of this disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein.

[0005] A method for wireless communications by a user equipment (UE) is described. The method may include tuning a radio frequency (RF) chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, where warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network, tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission, monitoring, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel supports warning notification transmission, and tuning the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

[0006] A UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, or electrically) the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without preprocessing) to cause the UE to tune an RF chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, where warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network, tune the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission, monitor, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel supports warning notification transmission, and tune the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

[0007] Another UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include means for tuning an RF chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, where warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network, means for tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channelAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO3 associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission, means for monitoring, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel supports warning notification transmission, and means for tuning the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

[0008] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to tune an RF chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, where warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network, tune the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission, monitor, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel supports warning notification transmission, and tune the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

[0009] Some examples of the method, user equipments (UEs), and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications via the second channel and receiving, via the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based on receiving the paging message and the monitoring.

[0010] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, tuning the RF chain to the second channel may include operations, features, means, or instructions for tuning the RF chain to the second channel in accordance with an expiration of a first duration, where the first duration may be associated with a tuning periodicity of the RF chain. Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of the tuning periodicity, where the first duration may be based on the tuning periodicity. In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable mediumAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO4 described herein, the tuning periodicity may be based on a power capacity of the UE, a probability of receiving the one or more warning notifications, or any combination thereof.

[0011] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for entering a low power mode based on tuning the RF chain to the first channel and exiting the low power mode in accordance with a first duration of a discontinuous reception cycle, where monitoring for the one or more warning notifications may be based on exiting the low power mode.

[0012] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, tuning the RF chain to the second channel may include operations, features, means, or instructions for entering a low power mode based on tuning the RF chain to the first channel and tuning the RF chain to the second channel while in the low power mode, where monitoring for the one or more warning notifications may be based on tuning the RF chain to the second channel while in the low power mode.

[0013] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, via the first channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications and receiving, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based on receiving the paging message and the monitoring.

[0014] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication that the second access network supports warning notification transmission, where tuning to the second channel may be based on the indication. Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the one or more warning notifications based on the monitoring and outputting, to an interface of the UE, information associated the one or more warning notifications.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO5

[0015] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first access network may be associated with a narrowband internet-of-things (NB-IoT) network. In some examples of the method, UEs, and non- transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first access network and the second access network may be associated with the same public land mobile network (PLMN). In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first access network and the second access network may be associated with different PLMNs.

[0016] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more warning notifications may be one or more wireless emergency alert (WEA) notifications. Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to the second channel may be based on a capability of the UE to support warning notification reception.

[0017] Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. Note that the relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn to scale.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIGs. 1 and 2 show examples of wireless communications systems that support receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIGs. 4 and 5 show block diagrams of devices that support receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO6

[0021] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIGs. 8 and 9 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Some wireless communications system may support a public warning system (PWS) to distribute one or more warning notifications across one or more networks. For example, the PWS may output alerts, warnings, or information regarding natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, or wildfires) and other emergencies (e.g., police alerts or missing persons information). Warning notifications may include one or more of the following information: event description, area affected, recommended action, expiration time, and sending agency. In some examples, the PWS may distribute the one or more warning notifications via one or more network entities. For instance, one or more network entities may page (e.g., transmit a paging message to) one or more user equipments (UEs), which may indicate to the UEs to monitor for the one or more warning notifications (e.g., via a broadcast channel).

[0025] In some cases, a network entity may be a narrow-band internet-of-things (NB-IoT) network entity. An NB-IoT network entity may be a network entity that supports communication with low energy devices using a relatively low data rate and bandwidth relative to non-NB-IoT devices. In some examples, a UE may support NB- loT communications, and the UE may connect to an NB-IoT network entity. However, in some other wireless communication systems, NB-IoT network entities may not support the PWS (e.g., may not transmit paging or broadcast warning notifications). Thus, a UE connected to an NB-IoT network entity may not receive warning notifications from the PWS.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO7

[0026] The techniques described herein enable a UE to receive warning notifications while connected to a network that does not support the PWS (e.g., an NB- loT network). In some examples, the UE may (e.g., periodically) tune a radio frequency (RF) chain of the UE to another network entity that supports the PWS (e.g., a non-NB- loT network entity) to monitor for one or more paging messages, the one or more warning notifications, or both. In some cases, the UE may (e.g., periodically) tune to the other network entity in accordance with a sleep mode of the UE (e.g., the UE may tune while asleep or at the end of a wake cycle). Additionally, or alternatively, the NB-IoT network entity may transmit the one or more paging messages to the UE (e.g., PWS paging messages), and the UE may tune to the other network entity to receive the one or more warning notifications based on receiving the one or more paging messages.

[0027] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are then illustrated by and described with reference to a process flow. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks.

[0028] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105), one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE- Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0029] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, networkAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO8 entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link(s) 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link). For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link(s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0030] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices in the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105), as shown in FIG. 1.

[0031] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO9

[0032] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link(s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an SI, N2, N3, or other interface protocol). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link(s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol), or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link(s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link), among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.

[0033] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB), a 5GNB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology). In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140).

[0034] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture), which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g., network entities 105), such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or aAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO10 virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU), such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU), such as a DU 165, a radio unit (RU), such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC), such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC), a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC)), a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmission reception point (TRP). One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU), a virtual DU (VDU), a virtual RU (VRU)).

[0035] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs), or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (LI) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one orAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO11 multiple different RUs, such as an RU 170). In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170). A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., Fl, Fl-c, Fl-u), and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.

[0036] In some wireless communications systems (e.g., the wireless communications system 100), infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node(s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node(s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station). The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node(s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link(s) 120). IAB node(s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node(s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node(s) 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB node(s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node(s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain orAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO12 configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream). In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node(s) 104 or components of the IAB node(s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0037] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180).

[0038] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a multimedia / entertainment device (e.g., a radio, a MP3 player, or a video device), a camera, a gaming device, a navigation / positioning device (e.g., GNSS (global navigation satellite system) devices based on, for example, GPS (global positioning system), Beidou, GLONASS, or Galileo, or a terrestrial -based device), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a netbook, a smartbook, a personal computer, a smart device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, virtual reality goggles, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring, a smart bracelet)), a drone, a robot / robotic device, a vehicle, a vehicular device, a meter (e.g., parking meter, electric meter, gas meter, water meter), a monitor, a gas pump, an appliance (e.g., kitchen appliance, washing machine, dryer), a location tag, a medical / healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (loT) device, an Internet of Everything (loE) device, or a machine typeAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO13 communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples.

[0039] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0040] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link(s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link(s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link(s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP)) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting,” “receiving,” or “communicating,” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105).

[0041] The communication link(s) 125 of the wireless communications system 100 may include downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from a network entity 105 to a UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from a UE 115 to a network entity 105, or both, among other configurations of transmissions.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO14Carriers may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode).

[0042] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.

[0043] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts= l / (A / mflx■ Nf) seconds, for which fmaxmay represent a supported subcarrier spacing, andmay represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0044] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wireless communications systems,Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO15 such as the wireless communications system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Ay) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.

[0045] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0046] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g., a specific UE).

[0047] A network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells, for example, a macro cell, a small cell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or anyAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO16 combination thereof. The term “cell” may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with a network entity 105 (e.g., using a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID)). In some examples, a cell also may refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of a coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) over which the logical communication entity operates. Such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., a structure, a subset of structure) to larger areas depending on various factors such as the capabilities of the network entity 105. For example, a cell may be or include a building, a subset of a building, or exterior spaces between or overlapping with coverage areas 110, among other examples.

[0048] A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by the UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider supporting the macro cell. A small cell may be associated with a network entity 105 operating with lower power (e.g., a base station 140 operating with lower power) relative to a macro cell, and a small cell may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to the UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider or may provide restricted access to the UEs 115 having an association with the small cell (e.g., the UEs 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG), the UEs 115 associated with users in a home or office). A network entity 105 may support one or more cells and may also support communications via the one or more cells using one or multiple component carriers.

[0049] In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband loT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)) that may provide access for different types of devices.

[0050] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105). In some other examples, overlappingAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO17 coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105). The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.

[0051] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or loT devices, may be relatively low cost or low complexity devices and may provide for automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application program that uses the information or presents the information to humans interacting with the application program. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging. In an aspect, techniques disclosed herein may be applicable to MTC or loT UEs. MTC or loT UEs may include MTC / enhanced MTC (eMTC, also referred to as CAT-M, Cat Ml) UEs, NB-IoT (also referred to as CAT NB1) UEs, as well as other types of UEs. eMTC and NB-IoT may refer to future technologies that may evolve from or may be based on these technologies. For example, eMTC may include FeMTC (further eMTC), eFeMTC (enhanced further eMTC), and mMTC (massive MTC), and NB-IoT may include eNB- loT (enhanced NB-IoT), and FeNB-IoT (further enhanced NB-IoT).

[0052] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not transmission and reception concurrently). In some examples, half-duplex communications may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power conservation techniques for the UEs 115Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO18 may include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaging in active communications, operating using a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communications), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a guard-band of a carrier, or outside of a carrier.

[0053] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.

[0054] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to- many (1 :M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communicationsAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO19 may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.

[0055] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet(s), an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.

[0056] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0057] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO20 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA). Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.

[0058] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.

[0059] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements mayAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO21 include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation).

[0060] Some wireless communications system may support a PWS to distribute one or more warning notifications across one or more networks. For example, the PWS may output alerts, warnings, or information regarding natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, or wildfires) and other emergencies (e.g., police alerts or missing persons information). Warning notifications may include one or more of the following information: event description, area affected, recommended action, expiration time, and sending agency. In some examples, the PWS may distribute the one or more warning notifications via one or more network entities 105 that page one or more UEs 115 to indicate the UEs 115 to monitor for the one or more warning notifications in a broadcast channel.

[0061] In some cases, a network entity 105 may be an NB-IoT network entity 105. An NB-IoT network entity 105 may communicate with low energy devices using a relatively low data rate and bandwidth compared to non-NB-IoT devices. In some examples, a UE 115 may support NB-IoT communications, and the UE 115 may connect to an NB-IoT network entity 105. However, in some other wireless communication systems, NB-IoT network entities 105 may not support the PWS (e.g., may not transmit paging or broadcast warning notifications). Thus, a UE 115 connected to an NB-IoT network entity 105 may not receive warning notifications from the PWS.

[0062] Wireless communications system 100 supports techniques that enable a UE 115 to receive warning notifications while connected to a network entity 105 that does not support the PWS (e.g., an NB-IoT network). In some examples, the UE 115 may periodically tune an RF chain of the UE 115 to another network entity 105 that supports the PWS (e.g., a non-NB-IoT network entity 105) to monitor for one or more paging messages, the one or more warning notifications, or both. In some cases, the UE 115 may periodically tune to the other network entity 105 in accordance with a sleep mode of the UE 115 (e.g., the UE 115 may tune while asleep or at the end of a wake cycle).Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO22Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105 supporting NB-IoT may transmit the one or more paging messages to the UE 115 (e.g., PWS paging messages), and the UE 115 may tune to the other network entity 105 to receive the one or more warning notifications based on receiving the one or more paging messages.

[0063] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 200 may implement, or may be implemented by, aspects of the wireless communications system 100, as described herein with reference to FIG. 1. For example, the wireless communications system 200 may include a UE 115-a, a first network entity 105-a, and a second network entity 105-b, which may be examples of the corresponding devices described herein, including with reference to FIG. 1. In some examples, the UE 115-a may receive one or more downlink transmissions 205, transmit one or more uplink transmissions 210, or both. In accordance with the techniques described herein, the UE 115-a may receive one or more paging messages 215 indicating one or more warning notifications 220 based on a PWS.

[0064] As described herein, a PWS may be a system to distribute one or more warning notifications 220 via one or more network entities 105. For example, the one or more warning notifications 220 may include timely and accurate alerts, warnings, and information regarding disasters and other emergences (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, and wildfires). A respective warning notification 220 may include: an event description, the area affected, recommended action, expiration time (e.g., with time zone), a sending agency, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmission of the one or more warning notifications 220 as well as the information included in the one or more warning notifications 220 may be based on different national regulations or implementations across different networks. For example, an Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System (ETWS) (e.g., in Japan and Europe) may require that a primary notification reach all UEs 115 in an affected area within four seconds. In another example, a Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS) (e.g., in the United States), also known as Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA), may define multiple classes of warning notifications 220: Presidential, Imminent Threat, Public Safety, Child AbductionAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO23Emergency, and State / Local WEA Test. It may be understood that the techniques described herein may apply to any PWS or other warning system implementation.

[0065] In some examples, a broadcast entity, such as a node of a core network or other network entity, may initiate the one or more warning notifications 220. For example, a cell broadcast center may receive information included in the one or more warning notifications 220 from the cell broadcast entity. The cell broadcast center may provide the warning notification content, type (e.g., Presidential or Public Safety), and target area to a core network (e.g., a core network 130) or RAN associated with the network entities 105. For example, the second network entity 105-b may be included in the RAN or the second network entity 105-b may communicate with the core network. The second network entity 105-b may transmit the one or more notification messages via a paging channel and a broadcast channel (e.g., the RAN may use a broadcast channel to blast the notification messages to UEs 115 in the target area). The notification messages may include system information messages that carry notifications in the broadcast channel (e.g., the one or more warning notifications 220), paging messages 215 in the paging channel to alert users to receive the one or more warning notifications 220 in the broadcast channel (e.g., including the type of notification), dedicated alerts to each user directly to receive the one or more warning notifications 220 in the broadcast channel, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the paging messages 215 may not be UE-specific. That is, the paging messages 215 may be sent to all UEs 115 in the target area (e.g., coverage area 110).

[0066] In some examples, the first network entity 105-a may be an NB-IoT network entity. For example, the first network entity 105-a may be a satellite in a non-terrestrial network (NTN). An NB-IoT network entity may be an RAT that communicates at relatively low data rates with low energy (e.g., and low complexity) devices (e.g., NB- NTN or NB-Iot NTN). For example, NB-IoT devices may be machine-type devices in some examples (e.g., utility meters or environmental sensors) that may not be regularly handled by a user. The first network entity 105-a may use a narrower bandwidth and consume less power for the one or more downlink transmissions 205-a and / or the one or more uplink transmissions 210 relative to a non-NB-IoT network entity, such as the second network entity 105-b. In some examples, the UE 115-a may support NB-IoT communications and the PWS. However, in other wireless communications systems, anAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO24NB-IoT network entity (e.g., or any other network entity) may not support the PWS. Thus, if a multimode UE (e.g., a UE 115-a that supports NB-IoT for collecting data) is connected to the NB-IoT network entity (e.g., is camping on an NB-IoT RAT of a public land mobile network (PLMN) or a network entity that otherwise does not support PWS), the UE 115-a may not receive the one or more warning notifications 220, even when the UE 115-a may expect to (e.g., because the UE 115-a supports the PWS).

[0067] The techniques described herein enable the UE 115-a to receive the one or more warning notifications 220 while connected to the first network entity 105-a (e.g., an NB-IoT network entity). In some examples, the UE 115-a may periodically tune an RF chain of the UE 115-a to one or more frequencies supported by the second network entity 105-b (e.g., to another PLMN / RAT combination) to monitor for the presence of one or more warning notifications 220. Additionally, or alternatively, the first network entity 105-a may transmit one or more paging messages 215-a to the UE 115-a, and the UE 115-a may tune its RF chain to the second network entity 105-b to receive the one or more warning notifications 220.

[0068] In a first example, the UE 115-a may periodically tune to the second network entity 105-b. For example, the UE 115-a may periodically check the paging channel of the second network entity 105-b for the one or more paging messages 215-b. If the UE 115-a detects (e.g., receives) at least one of the one or more paging messages 215-b, the UE 115-a may receive the one or more warning notifications 220. That is, the UE 115-a may tune to a broadcast channel of the second network entity 105-b to monitor for, and receive, the one or more warning notifications 220 based on receiving at least one of the one or more paging messages 215-b (e.g., as part of one or more downlink transmissions 205-b). In response to receiving the one or more warning notifications 220, the UE 115-a may output the information included in the one or more warning notifications 220 to a user of the UE 115-a (e.g., output the event description, area affected, or recommended action to a display of the UE 115-a). In some examples, the tune-away interval (e.g., the periodicity in which the UE 115-a tunes from the first network entity 105-a to the second network entity 105-b) may be based on a trade-off between a battery penalty (e.g., tuning-away may consume battery power and may reduce the UE idle mode battery life when camping on the NB-IoT network entity) andAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO25 a probability of missing the one or more warning notifications 220 (e.g., based on an expiration time of the one or more warning notifications 220).

[0069] Additionally, or alternatively, the tune-away interval may be based on a sleep mode of the UE 115-a. For example, while connected (e.g., camping in idle mode) to the first network entity 105-a, the UE 115-a may operate in a sleep mode (e.g., a low power mode). The UE 115-a may wake from the sleep mode in regular time intervals (e.g., discontinuous reception (DRX) cycles) to monitor the paging channel for the one or more paging messages 215-b or receive new system information. In some examples, the UE 115-a may tune away from the first network entity 105-a to the second network entity 105-b to monitor the paging channel and receive the one or more warning notifications 220 while in the sleep mode. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-a may tune to the second network entity 105-b periodically while awake (e.g., after checking the paging channel). In some cases, the UE 115-a may tune to the second network entity 105-b after a threshold quantity of DRX cycles (e.g., every 10th or 20th DRX cycle). In some examples, the UE 115-a may schedule the tune-aways to the second network entity 105-b such that the tune-aways may not interfere (e.g., disrupt, modify, or change) its DRX cycle with the first network entity 105-a.

[0070] In a second example, the UE 115-a may receive one or more paging messages 215-a from the first network entity 105-a (e.g., the network may provide WEA pages over the NB-IoT RAT). That is, the UE 115-a may receive the one or more paging messages 215-a that indicate the one or more warning notifications 220 (e.g., the one or more paging messages 215-a may indicate that they correspond to the PWS). The UE 115-a may tune away to the broadcast channel of the second network entity 105-b based on receiving the one or more paging messages 215-a. In some examples, the first network entity 105-a may receive an indication of the one or more paging messages 215-a from the second network entity 105-b via a communication link 225 (e.g., a communication link 125). The second example may reduce an impact on a battery life of the UE 115-a (e.g., the UE 115-a may not periodically tune away in the second example) and may reduce a probability of missing the one or more warning notifications 220 (e.g., WEA notifications).

[0071] In some examples, the UE 115-a may receive an indication of the one or more warning notifications 220 via the one or more paging messages 215-a withoutAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO26 tuning to the second network entity 105-b. For example, the UE 115-a may be connected to the first network entity 105-a (e.g., a satellite in an NTN) and may not be able to connect to (e.g., may not be covered by or within a cell of) the second network entity 105-b (e.g., a cellular network). In such examples, the UE 115-a may receive an indication of the one or more warning notifications 220 without tuning to the second network entity 105-b based on receiving the one or more paging messages 215-a from the first network entity 105-a.

[0072] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow 300 that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 300 may implement, or may be implemented by, aspects of any of the wireless communications systems 100 or 200 described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. For example, the process flow 300 includes a first network entity 105-c (e.g., an NB-IoT network entity), a second network entity 105-d, and a UE 115-b, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein, including with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2. In the following description of the process flow 300, operations between the first network entity 105-c, the second network entity 105-d, and the UE 115-b may be added, omitted, or performed in a different order (with respect to the exemplary order shown).

[0073] At 305, the UE 115-b may tune an RF chain of the UE 115-b to a first channel of a first access network (e.g., the first network entity 105-c). In some examples, warning notification transmission may be unsupported by the first access network. For example, the first network entity 105-c may be an NB-IoT RAT (e.g., an NB-IoT satellite). That is, the first access network may be associated with an NB-IoT network. In some examples, the UE 115-b may enter a low power mode based at least in part on tuning the RF chain to the first channel.

[0074] At 310, the UE 115-b may receive an indication of a tuning periodicity. The tuning periodicity may be a periodicity in which the UE 115-b tunes from the first channel of the first network entity 105-c to a second channel of a second access network (e.g., the second network entity 105-d). For example, the tuning periodicity may define a first duration in which the UE 115-b tunes to the first channel and a second duration in which the UE 115-b tunes to the second channel (e.g., after expiration of the firstAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO27 duration). In some examples, the tuning periodicity may be based at least in part on a power capacity of the UE 115-b, a probability of receiving one or more warning notifications, or any combination thereof.

[0075] In some examples, at 315, the UE 115-b may receive an indication that a second access network (e.g., the second network entity 105-d) supports warning notification transmission. That is, the indication may indicate that the second network entity 105-d supports the PWS. In some examples, the first access network and the second access network may belong to (e.g., be associated with) the same PLMN. In some other examples, the first access network and the second access network may belong to (e.g., be associated with) different PLMNs.

[0076] At 320, the first access network may receive an indication of paging information associated with one or more warning notifications. That is, the second access network may transmit information corresponding to the one or more warning notifications. At 325, the UE 115-b may receive, via the first channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications.

[0077] At 330, the UE 115-b may tune the RF chain away from the first channel to the second channel associated with the second access network (e.g., the second network entity 105-d) that supports warning notification transmission. In some examples, the UE 115-b may tune the RF chain to the second channel in accordance with an expiration of the first duration (e.g., the first duration associated with the tuning periodicity). Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-b may tune the RF chain to the second channel based at least in part on receiving the indication that the second access network supports warning notification transmission. In some cases, the UE 115-b may tune the RF chain away from the first channel to the second channel based at least in part on a capability of the UE 115-b to support warning notification reception (e.g., the UE 115-b may be a multimode UE that supports NB-IoT).

[0078] At 335, the UE 115-b may receive, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications via the second channel (e.g., if the UE 115-b did not receive the paging message from the first access network at 325).Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO28

[0079] At 340, the UE 115-b may monitor, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for the one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel may support warning notification transmission. In some examples, the UE 115-b may exit the low power mode in accordance with a duration of a DRX cycle, and the UE 115-b may monitor for the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on exiting the low power mode. In some other examples, the UE 115-b may tune the RF chain to the second channel while in the low power mode and monitor for the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on tuning the RF chain to the second channel while in the low power mode.

[0080] At 345, the UE 115-b may receive, via the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on receiving the paging message (e.g., either from the first access network or the second access network) and the monitoring. For example, the UE 115-b may receive the one or more warning notifications after tuning the RF chain to the second channel. In some examples, the one or more warning notifications may be one or more WEA notifications.

[0081] At 350, the UE 115-b may tune the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications. For example, the UE 115-b may tune to the first channel based at least in part on receiving the one or more warning notifications. At 355, the UE 115-b may output, to an interface of the UE 115-b, information associated with the one or more warning notifications. For example, the UE 115-b may output the information to a display of the UE 115-b.

[0082] FIG. 4 shows a block diagram 400 of a device 405 that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 405 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 405 may include a receiver 410, a transmitter 415, and a communications manager 420. The device 405, or one or more components of the device 405 (e.g., the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO29

[0083] The receiver 410 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in nonsupporting networks). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 405. The receiver 410 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0084] The transmitter 415 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 405. For example, the transmitter 415 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks). In some examples, the transmitter 415 may be co-located with a receiver 410 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 415 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0085] The communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in nonsupporting networks as described herein. For example, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0086] In some examples, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry), software (e.g., executed by a processor), or any combination thereof. The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural processing unit (NPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one orAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO30 more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory).

[0087] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software) executed by at least one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a GPU, an NPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure).

[0088] In some examples, the communications manager 420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both. For example, the communications manager 420 may receive information from the receiver 410, send information to the transmitter 415, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0089] The communications manager 420 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning an RF chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, where warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel supports warning notification transmission. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning the RF chainAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO31 away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

[0090] By including or configuring the communications manager 420 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 405 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficient utilization of communication resources, among other examples.

[0091] FIG. 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a device 405 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communications manager 520. The device 505, or one or more components of the device 505 (e.g., the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, the communications manager 520), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0092] The receiver 510 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in nonsupporting networks). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0093] The transmitter 515 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks). In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO32

[0094] The device 505, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks as described herein. For example, the communications manager 520 may include a first channel tuning component 525, a second channel tuning component 530, a warning notification component 535, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 520 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 520, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communications manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, send information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0095] The communications manager 520 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The first channel tuning component 525 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning an RF chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, where warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network. The second channel tuning component 530 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission. The warning notification component 535 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel supports warning notification transmission. The first channel tuning component 525 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

[0096] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a communications manager 620 that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. TheAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO33 communications manager 620 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420, a communications manager 520, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 620, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks as described herein. For example, the communications manager 620 may include a first channel tuning component 625, a second channel tuning component 630, a warning notification component 635, a paging message component 640, a low power mode component 645, a warning notification support component 650, a warning notification output component 655, a tuning periodicity component 660, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0097] The communications manager 620 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The first channel tuning component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning an RF chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, where warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network. The second channel tuning component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission. The warning notification component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel supports warning notification transmission. In some examples, the first channel tuning component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

[0098] In some examples, the paging message component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications via the second channel. In some examples, the warning notification component 635 isAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO34 capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, via the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based on receiving the paging message and the monitoring.

[0099] In some examples, to support tuning the RF chain to the second channel, the second channel tuning component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning the RF chain to the second channel in accordance with an expiration of a first duration, where the first duration is associated with a tuning periodicity of the RF chain.

[0100] In some examples, the tuning periodicity component 660 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an indication of the tuning periodicity, where the first duration is based on the tuning periodicity. In some examples, the tuning periodicity is based on a power capacity of the UE, a probability of receiving the one or more warning notifications, or any combination thereof.

[0101] In some examples, the low power mode component 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for entering a low power mode based on tuning the RF chain to the first channel. In some examples, the low power mode component 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for exiting the low power mode in accordance with a first duration of a discontinuous reception cycle, where monitoring for the one or more warning notifications is based on exiting the low power mode.

[0102] In some examples, to support tuning the RF chain to the second channel, the low power mode component 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for entering a low power mode based on tuning the RF chain to the first channel. In some examples, to support tuning the RF chain to the second channel, the low power mode component 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning the RF chain to the second channel while in the low power mode, where monitoring for the one or more warning notifications is based on tuning the RF chain to the second channel while in the low power mode.

[0103] In some examples, the paging message component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, via the first channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications. In some examples, theAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO35 warning notification component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based on receiving the paging message and the monitoring.

[0104] In some examples, the warning notification support component 650 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an indication that the second access network supports warning notification transmission, where tuning to the second channel is based on the indication.

[0105] In some examples, the warning notification component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the one or more warning notifications based on the monitoring. In some examples, the warning notification output component 655 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for outputting, to an interface of the UE, information associated the one or more warning notifications.

[0106] In some examples, the first access network is associated with a narrowband internet-of-things network. In some examples, the first access network and the second access network are associated with the same public land mobile network. In some examples, the first access network and the second access network are associated with different public land mobile networks. In some examples, the one or more warning notifications are one or more wireless emergency alert notifications. In some examples, tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to the second channel is based on a capability of the UE to support warning notification reception.

[0107] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a system 700 including a device 705 that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of or include components of a device 405, a device 505, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 115, or a combination thereof). The device 705 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 720, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 710, a transceiver 715, one or more antennas 725, at least one memory 730,Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO36 code 735, and at least one processor 740. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 745).

[0108] The I / O controller 710 may manage input and output signals for the device 705. The I / O controller 710 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 705. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS / 2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 710 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 740. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 705 via the I / O controller 710 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 710.

[0109] In some cases, the device 705 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 705 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 715 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 725 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 715 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 715 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 725 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 725. The transceiver 715, or the transceiver 715 and one or more antennas 725, may be an example of a transmitter 415, a transmitter 515, a receiver 410, a receiver 510, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.

[0110] The at least one memory 730 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The at least one memory 730 may store computer- readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 735. The code 735 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 740, cause the device 705 to perform various functions described herein. The code 735 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory orAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO37 another type of memory. In some cases, the code 735 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 740 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 730 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.[OHl] The at least one processor 740 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs), one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs)), one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the at least one processor 740 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 740. The at least one processor 740 may be configured to execute computer- readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 730) to cause the device 705 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks). For example, the device 705 or a component of the device 705 may include at least one processor 740 and at least one memory 730 coupled with or to the at least one processor 740, the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 configured to perform various functions described herein.

[0112] In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 730 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 740) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 730)), or components, that receives or obtains inputs andAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO38 processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 740 or a processing system including the at least one processor 740 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 705 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to,” being “configurable to,” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code 735 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 730 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0113] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning a radio frequency (RF) chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, where warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel supports warning notification transmission. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for tuning the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

[0114] By including or configuring the communications manager 720 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 705 may support techniques for improved communication reliability, reduced latency, improved user experience related to reduced processing, and improved coordination between devices, among other examples.

[0115] In some examples, the communications manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 715, the one or more antennas 725, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 720 is illustrated as aAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO39 separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 720 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 740, the at least one memory 730, the code 735, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 735 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 740 to cause the device 705 to perform various aspects of receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks as described herein, or the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.

[0116] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 800 that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 800 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 800 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0117] At 805, the method may include tuning an RF chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, where warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network. The operations of 805 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 805 may be performed by a first channel tuning component 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0118] At 810, the method may include tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission. The operations of 810 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 810 may be performed by a second channel tuning component 630 as described with reference to FIG. 6.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO40

[0119] At 815, the method may include monitoring, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel supports warning notification transmission. The operations of 815 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 815 may be performed by a warning notification component 635 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0120] At 820, the method may include tuning the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications. The operations of 820 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 820 may be performed by a first channel tuning component 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0121] FIG. 9 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 900 that supports receiving wireless warning notifications while connected in non-supporting networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 900 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 900 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0122] At 905, the method may include tuning an RF chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, where warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network. The operations of 905 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 905 may be performed by a first channel tuning component 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0123] At 910, the method may include tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission. The operations of 910 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of theAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO41 operations of 910 may be performed by a second channel tuning component 630 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0124] At 915, the method may include receiving, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, a paging message indicating one or more warning notifications via the second channel. The operations of 915 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 915 may be performed by a paging message component 640 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0125] At 920, the method may include monitoring, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for the one or more warning notifications via the second channel, where the second channel supports warning notification transmission. The operations of 920 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 920 may be performed by a warning notification component 635 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0126] At 925, the method may include receiving, via the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based on receiving the paging message and the monitoring. The operations of 925 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 925 may be performed by a warning notification component 635 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0127] At 930, the method may include tuning the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications. The operations of 930 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 930 may be performed by a first channel tuning component 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0128] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:

[0129] Aspect 1 : A method for wireless communications at a UE, comprising: tuning an RF chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, wherein warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network; tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission; monitoring, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via theAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO42 second channel, wherein the second channel supports warning notification transmission; and tuning the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

[0130] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: receiving, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications via the second channel; and receiving, via the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on receiving the paging message and the monitoring.

[0131] Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1 through 2, wherein tuning the RF chain to the second channel further comprises: tuning the RF chain to the second channel in accordance with an expiration of a first duration, wherein the first duration is associated with a tuning periodicity of the RF chain.

[0132] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, further comprising: receiving an indication of the tuning periodicity, wherein the first duration is based at least in part on the tuning periodicity.

[0133] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 3 through 4, wherein the tuning periodicity is based at least in part on a power capacity of the UE, a probability of receiving the one or more warning notifications, or any combination thereof.

[0134] Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5, further comprising: entering a low power mode based at least in part on tuning the RF chain to the first channel; and exiting the low power mode in accordance with a first duration of a discontinuous reception cycle, wherein monitoring for the one or more warning notifications is based at least in part on exiting the low power mode.

[0135] Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 1 through 6, wherein tuning the RF chain to the second channel further comprises: entering a low power mode based at least in part on tuning the RF chain to the first channel; and tuning the RF chain to the second channel while in the low power mode, wherein monitoring for the one or more warning notifications is based at least in part on tuning the RF chain to the second channel while in the low power mode.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO43

[0136] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: receiving, via the first channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications; and receiving, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on receiving the paging message and the monitoring.

[0137] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, further comprising: receiving an indication that the second access network supports warning notification transmission, wherein tuning to the second channel is based at least in part on the indication.

[0138] Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 1 through 9, further comprising: receiving the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on the monitoring; and outputting, to an interface of the UE, information associated the one or more warning notifications.

[0139] Aspect 11 : The method of any of aspects 1 through 10, wherein the first access network is associated with an NB-IoT network.

[0140] Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, wherein the first access network and the second access network are associated with the same PLMN

[0141] Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1 through 12, wherein the first access network and the second access network are associated with different PLMNs.

[0142] Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1 through 13, wherein the one or more warning notifications are one or more WEA notifications.

[0143] Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 1 through 14, wherein tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to the second channel is based at least in part on a capability of the UE to support warning notification reception.

[0144] Aspect 16: A UE for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, or electrically) the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to cause the UE to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 15.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO44

[0145] Aspect 17: A UE for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 15.

[0146] Aspect 18: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 15.

[0147] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

[0148] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies, not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0149] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0150] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural processing unit (NPU), an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be aAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO45 microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.

[0151] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0152] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, phase change memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non- transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wirelessAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO46 technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.

[0153] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of’ or “one or more of’) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on.” As used herein, the term “and / or,” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items can be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, and / or C, the composition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination.

[0154] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open- ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one ofAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO47 one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components,” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.”

[0155] The term “determine” or “determining” or “identify” or “identifying” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” or “identifying” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database or another data structure), ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” or “identifying” can include receiving (such as receiving information or signaling, e.g., receiving information or signaling for determining, receiving information or signaling for identifying), accessing (such as accessing data in a memory, or accessing information) and the like. Also, “determining” or “identifying” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing and other such similar actions.

[0156] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.

[0157] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” orAttorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO48“advantageous over other examples.” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0158] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)

Claims

Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO49CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A user equipment (UE), comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: tune a radio frequency (RF) chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, wherein warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network; tune the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission; monitor, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, wherein the second channel supports warning notification transmission; and tune the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: receive, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications via the second channel; and receive, via the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on receiving the paging message and the monitoring.

3. The UE of claim 1, wherein, to tune the RF chain to the second channel, the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: tune the RF chain to the second channel in accordance with an expiration of a first duration, wherein the first duration is associated with a tuning periodicity of the RF chain.

4. The UE of claim 3, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO50 receive an indication of the tuning periodicity, wherein the first duration is based at least in part on the tuning periodicity.

5. The UE of claim 3, wherein the tuning periodicity is based at least in part on a power capacity of the UE, a probability of receiving the one or more warning notifications, or any combination thereof.

6. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: enter a low power mode based at least in part on tuning the RF chain to the first channel; and exit the low power mode in accordance with a first duration of a discontinuous reception cycle, wherein monitoring for the one or more warning notifications is based at least in part on exiting the low power mode.

7. The UE of claim 1, wherein, to tune the RF chain to the second channel, the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: enter a low power mode based at least in part on tuning the RF chain to the first channel; and tune the RF chain to the second channel while in the low power mode, wherein monitoring for the one or more warning notifications is based at least in part on tuning the RF chain to the second channel while in the low power mode.

8. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: receive, via the first channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications; and receive, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on receiving the paging message and the monitoring.

9. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO51 receive an indication that the second access network supports warning notification transmission, wherein tuning to the second channel is based at least in part on the indication.

10. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: receive the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on the monitoring; and output, to an interface of the UE, information associated the one or more warning notifications.

11. The UE of claim 1, wherein the first access network is associated with a narrowband internet-of-things network.

12. The UE of claim 1, wherein the first access network and the second access network are associated with the same public land mobile network.

13. The UE of claim 1, wherein the first access network and the second access network are associated with different public land mobile networks.

14. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more warning notifications are one or more wireless emergency alert notifications.

15. The UE of claim 1, wherein tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to the second channel is based at least in part on a capability of the UE to support warning notification reception.

16. A method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE), comprising: tuning a radio frequency (RF) chain of the UE to a first channel of a first access network, wherein warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network; tuning the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission;Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO52 monitoring, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, wherein the second channel supports warning notification transmission; and tuning the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising: receiving, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications via the second channel; and receiving, via the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on receiving the paging message and the monitoring.

18. The method of claim 16, further comprising: receiving, via the first channel, a paging message indicating the one or more warning notifications; and receiving, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on receiving the paging message and the monitoring.

19. The method of claim 16, further comprising: receiving the one or more warning notifications based at least in part on the monitoring; and outputting, to an interface of the UE, information associated the one or more warning notifications.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by at least one processor to: tune a radio frequency (RF) chain of a user equipment (UE) to a first channel of a first access network, wherein warning notification transmission is unsupported by the first access network; tune the RF chain away from the first channel to a second channel associated with a second access network that supports warning notification transmission;Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)Qualcomm Ref. No. 2407760WO53 monitor, after tuning the RF chain to the second channel, for one or more warning notifications via the second channel, wherein the second channel supports warning notification transmission; and tune the RF chain away from the second channel to the first channel after monitoring for the one or more warning notifications.Attorney Docket No. PY2701GR.WO (114958.5294)

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