In-hole targeted sealing device for process grouting

Abstract

An in-hole targeted sealing device for process grouting, comprising a sealing assembly (5) sleeved on an anchor cable body (1), wherein the sealing assembly (5) is detachably connected to a sealing sleeve (7) by means of a coupling assembly (6), and the sealing sleeve (7) can be sleeved over the anchor cable body (1), and is configured to deliver the sealing assembly (5) to a corresponding position in a borehole and cooperate with the sealing assembly (5) to perform targeted sealing on a surrounding rock region in the borehole. By means of cooperatively using the sealing assembly (5) and the sealing sleeve (7) which are sleeved over the anchor cable body (1), and particularly, by means of inflation and expansion of a first airbag (51) and a second airbag (52), tight abutment with a hole wall is achieved, so as to form effective sealing at a specific position in the borehole, thereby laying a foundation for staged and zoned dynamic grouting. A docking portion (61) is provided with a mounting groove (63), and a first magnet (62) is provided in the mounting groove (63) and corresponds to a second magnet (67) provided at one end of the sealing sleeve (7), so that the sealing assembly (5) can be conveniently delivered into the borehole, and the sealing sleeve (7) can also be easily recovered after sealing is completed, thereby improving the reusability and operation convenience of the device.

Description

A hole-sealing device for process grouting Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine roadway technology, and in particular to a hole-mounted sealing device for process grouting. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of tunnel excavation and support, anchor cable grouting technology has become a key means to enhance the stability of surrounding rock and ensure tunnel safety. However, traditional anchor cable grouting methods often adopt a one-time grouting approach, that is, grouting reinforcement of the entire borehole section is carried out immediately during or after tunnel excavation. While this approach simplifies the construction process to some extent, it ignores the dynamic changes in the surrounding rock condition during the tunnel's service life, thus causing a series of problems.

[0003] Specifically, after a tunnel is excavated, the stress in the surrounding rock mass redistributes. Furthermore, influenced by factors such as tectonic movements, groundwater activity, and mining pressure, the degree of rock fragmentation, fissure development, and stress state continuously evolve over time. Therefore, a single grouting operation is insufficient to effectively address this constantly changing rock environment, and its grouting effect is often unsustainable, sometimes even leading to grouting failure in the later stages of tunnel service.

[0004] Furthermore, the one-time grouting method also has the problem of prematurely closing the grouting channel. Once grouting is completed, if the same area needs to be reinforced again later, the anchor holes must be reopened. This not only significantly increases the construction difficulty and cost, but may also reduce the overall safety of the roadway due to repeated disturbance of the surrounding rock. At the same time, reopening the anchor holes will also damage the original roadway support structure, further exacerbating the complexity of roadway maintenance. Technical issues

[0005] This invention proposes an in-hole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting, which is used in conjunction with corresponding anchor cable structures and surrounding rock grouting reinforcement methods to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. Technical solutions

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A borehole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting includes a sealing component sleeved on the anchor cable body. The sealing component is detachably connected to a sealing sleeve via a coupling component. The sealing sleeve can be sleeved on the anchor cable body to send the sealing component into the corresponding position in the borehole and cooperate with the sealing component to perform fixed-point sealing of the surrounding rock area in the borehole.

[0008] As described above, a hole-mounted sealing device for process grouting includes a sealing assembly comprising a first airbag and a second airbag disposed opposite to each other. The first airbag and the second airbag are connected by a connecting pipe. The second airbag is provided with a first airflow channel. The sealing sleeve is provided with a second airflow channel that can communicate with the first airflow channel. The second airflow channel is connected to an inflation device for inflating the first airbag and the second airbag so that they expand and abut against the hole wall to achieve fixed-point sealing.

[0009] As described above, in-hole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting has a first limiting baffle and a second limiting baffle on both sides of the first airbag and the second airbag, so that the first airbag and the second airbag expand only radially toward the borehole when inflated.

[0010] As described above, an in-hole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting has a sealing space formed between the first limiting baffle and the second limiting baffle. The sealing space is connected to a first grout channel. The sealing sleeve is provided with a second grout channel that can communicate with the first grout channel. The second grout channel is connected to a grouting valve for injecting grout into the sealing space to achieve a firm fixed-point sealing.

[0011] As described above, in-hole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting has a check valve on the first airflow channel to prevent gas from escaping from the airbag.

[0012] As described above, in-hole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting has a first pressure valve for monitoring gas pressure on the second airflow channel.

[0013] As described above, in-hole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting is provided with a second pressure valve for monitoring fluid pressure on the second grout channel.

[0014] As described above, a borehole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting includes a coupling assembly comprising a docking portion located outside the second limiting baffle and corresponding to the sealing sleeve. The docking portion is provided with a first magnet, and the sealing sleeve is provided with a second magnet corresponding to the first magnet at one end facing the sealing assembly. The first magnet and the second magnet can be coupled and attracted to each other so that the sealing sleeve can deliver the sealing assembly to the corresponding position in the borehole for fixed-point sealing of the surrounding rock. After sealing is completed, the first magnet and the second magnet can be separated under external force to retrieve the sealing sleeve.

[0015] As described above, in-hole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting, the docking part is provided with an installation groove, the installation groove is provided with a first magnet, the second magnet is matched with the shape of the installation groove, the second magnet can be inserted into the installation groove and coupled and attracted with the first magnet, so that the docking part is tightly coupled with the sealing sleeve. Beneficial effects

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The present invention utilizes the combination of a sealing component and a sealing sleeve fitted on the anchor cable body, and in particular, utilizes the inflation and expansion of the first and second air bladders to achieve a tight contact with the borehole wall, thereby forming an effective seal at a specific location within the borehole, laying the foundation for staged and regional dynamic grouting.

[0018] 2. The docking section has a mounting groove with a built-in first magnet, which corresponds to the second magnet at the end of the packer sleeve. This design not only facilitates the delivery of the packer assembly into the borehole, but also allows for easy retrieval of the packer sleeve after packing is completed, improving the reusability and ease of operation of the device.

[0019] 3. This invention ensures safety and reliability during the partitioning and point separation process by setting a check valve to prevent gas from escaping from the airbag, and by using a first pressure valve and a second pressure valve to monitor the pressure of the gas and fluid respectively. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-section of the anchor cable body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the anchor cable body being anchored in the borehole in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of fixed-point sealing in the borehole according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of fixed-point sealing in the borehole according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of fixed-point sealing within the borehole in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of fixed-point sealing in the borehole according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a borehole;

[0028] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the sealing component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 is a schematic cross-section along AA in Figure 9;

[0031] Figure 11 is a flowchart of the steps of the surrounding rock grouting reinforcement method in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of step S8 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the technical problems solved by this application, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0034] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 and Figure 12. This example provides an anchor cable structure that can realize process grouting, including an anchor cable body 1 installed in the borehole. The anchor cable body 1 has multiple first steel strands 11 installed inside. The cross-section of the multiple first steel strands 11 is arranged in a ring array. An isolation pipe 12 is provided inside the multiple first steel strands 11. A grouting pipe group 13 is provided inside the isolation pipe 12. The grouting pipe group 13 can independently grout different sections at different times according to the surrounding rock conditions in the borehole.

[0035] In this embodiment, an anchor cable body 1 is installed inside the borehole. This anchor cable body 1 serves as the main body of the entire structure, responsible for transmitting tensile force and maintaining structural stability. Inside the anchor cable body 1, multiple first steel strands 11 are arranged, which can be 6, 7, 9, etc., depending on the anchor cable strength requirements. These steel strands are arranged in a circular array to ensure uniform distribution under stress, improving the anchor cable's load-bearing capacity and stability. Specifically, nine first steel strands 11 can be installed, evenly distributed within the cross-section of the anchor cable body 1, centered on its axis. An isolation pipe 12 is installed inside the nine first steel strands 11. The isolation pipe 12 separates the first steel strands 11 from the grouting pipe assembly 13, preventing the first steel strands 11 from squeezing the grouting pipe assembly 13. The grouting pipe assembly 13 is installed inside the isolation pipe 12. Grouting pipe group 13 consists of multiple grouting pipes, the number of which can be 3, 4, 5, etc., depending on the fracture condition of the surrounding rock in the borehole. Each grouting pipe is independently controllable, allowing for independent grouting to different sections at different times based on the actual fracture condition of the surrounding rock. For example, if a section of the roadway is found to have a high degree of surrounding rock fracture, an appropriate amount of grouting material can be injected into that section through the corresponding grouting pipe to reinforce the surrounding rock and improve the anchoring force of the anchor cables. It should be specifically noted that if certain sections of the roadway have low surrounding rock fracture and do not require grouting, or if the grouting reinforcement effect is poor at that time, the surrounding rock development can be observed later. If a section of the surrounding rock that was not grouted previously shows significant deformation and a high degree of fracture, grouting reinforcement treatment can be carried out on the corresponding section of the surrounding rock through the appropriate grouting pipe.

[0036] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation thereof, the grouting pipe assembly 13 includes a first grouting pipe 131, a second grouting pipe 132, and a third grouting pipe 133 disposed along the inner wall of the isolation pipe 12. The lengths of the first grouting pipe 131, the second grouting pipe 132, and the third grouting pipe 133 within the borehole are different, so as to facilitate independent grouting in their respective corresponding sections. The best embodiment of the present invention

[0037] In this embodiment, the first grouting pipe 131 can be configured to have the longest length, extending into the deep section of the borehole, corresponding to the reinforcement of the surrounding rock in the deep section or the grouting needs under special circumstances. The second grouting pipe 132 has a moderate length, corresponding to the middle section of the borehole. When the surrounding rock in the middle section is highly fractured and requires further reinforcement, the second grouting pipe 132 is used for grouting. The third grouting pipe 133 is shorter in length and mainly corresponds to the shallow section of the borehole. When the surrounding rock in this section is relatively loose or requires initial reinforcement, grouting material can be injected through the first grouting pipe 131.

[0038] Specifically, in the early stages of tunnel excavation, if the overall degree of fracture of the surrounding rock is high, the first grouting pipe 131, the second grouting pipe 132, and the third grouting pipe 133 mentioned above can be used for reinforcement at the same time. If only a certain section, such as the shallow surrounding rock, is relatively fractured, grouting can be carried out only through the third grouting pipe 133. During the subsequent tunnel service period, the development of the surrounding rock can be observed by drilling to determine whether to carry out grouting reinforcement through the first grouting pipe 131 and the second grouting pipe 132.

[0039] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, a second steel strand 14 is provided inside the isolation pipe. The addition of the second steel strand 14 provides additional tensile support, enhancing the overall load-bearing capacity of the anchor cable structure. The second steel strand 14 is located between the first grouting pipe 131, the second grouting pipe 132, and the third grouting pipe 133. To prevent the second steel strand 14 from squeezing the grouting pipes during stress or grouting, the isolation pipe 12 is filled with a setting agent 15. The setting agent 15 has good fluidity and curing properties, and can quickly solidify after filling to form a stable support structure, ensuring that the relative position between the second steel strand 14 and the grouting pipe is fixed and avoiding mutual squeezing. Specifically, the setting agent 15 can be a resin-based setting agent or a polymer-based setting agent.

[0040] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, it also includes a tray 2 fitted onto the anchor cable body 1 and in contact with the rock and soil at the orifice. The inner side of the tray 2 is provided with a grout stopper 21 to prevent grout from leaking out of the gap between the anchor cable body 1 and the rock and soil. The grout stopper 21 is fitted onto the anchor cable body 1. The outer side of the tray 2 is provided with a lock 22 for fixing the anchor cable body 1.

[0041] In this embodiment, a tray 2 is fitted over the outside of the anchor cable body 1. The tray 2 contacts the rock and soil at the borehole opening, serving to disperse the anchor cable tension and protect the rock and soil at the borehole opening. To prevent grout from leaking out of the gap between the anchor cable body 1 and the rock and soil during grouting, a grout-stopping plug 21 is provided on the inner side of the tray 2. The grout-stopping plug 21 is fitted onto the anchor cable body 1, tightly fitting the gap between the anchor cable body and the rock and soil, ensuring effective grout injection and the achievement of anchoring effect.

[0042] In addition, to secure the anchor cable body 1 and ensure its stability during long-term use, a locking device 22 is provided on the outside of the tray 2. The locking device 22 can be fasteners such as bolts and nuts, which tightly connect the tray 2 to the soil or the exposed part of the anchor cable body 1 to prevent the anchor cable from slipping or falling off when under stress.

[0043] Furthermore, the anchor cable body 1 is equipped with multiple positioning devices for use in conjunction with the fixed-point sealing device to divide the surrounding rock within the borehole into zones for grouting. Specifically, the positioning device may include a first baffle 16 fitted onto the tail of the anchor cable body 1. The first baffle 16 matches the inner wall of the borehole to separate the anchoring zone at the tail of the anchor cable body 1 from other surrounding rock zones, preventing grout from overflowing into other areas during grouting in the anchoring zone.

[0044] Specifically, the positioning device includes a second baffle 17 sleeved on the anchor cable body 1, which is used to divide the surrounding rock in the borehole in conjunction with the fixed-point sealing device. The second baffle 17 is located between the grout outlets of the first grouting pipe 131 and the second grouting pipe 132. This means that when the second baffle 17 completes the sealing in conjunction with the fixed-point sealing device, the surrounding rock area between the first baffle 16 and the second baffle 17 becomes an independent grouting area corresponding to the first grouting pipe 131. For clarity, this independent grouting area can be designated as the first partition 31.

[0045] More specifically, the positioning device also includes a positioning block 18 disposed on the anchor cable body 1, used to cooperate with the fixed-point separation device to divide the surrounding rock inside the borehole into another area. The positioning block 18 is located between the grout outlets of the second grouting pipe 132 and the third grouting pipe 133. This means that when the positioning block 18 cooperates with the fixed-point sealing device to complete the sealing, the surrounding rock area between the second baffle 17 and the positioning block 18 becomes an independent grouting area corresponding to the second grouting pipe 132. For clarity, this independent grouting area can be designated as the second partition 32. It should be understood that the surrounding rock area from the sealing point formed by the positioning block 18 and the fixed-point sealing device to the borehole opening is the independent grouting area corresponding to the third grouting pipe 133, and this independent grouting area can be designated as the third partition 33. It should be noted that in some other embodiments, depending on the fracture condition of the surrounding rock inside the borehole, it can be divided into more independent grouting partitions, and the anchor cable structure can also be equipped with a corresponding number of grouting pipes. This embodiment is only a specific example and is not intended as the only limitation on the anchor cable structure that can achieve process grouting.

[0046] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 3 to 6, 9 and 10. This example provides a borehole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting, including a sealing component 5 sleeved on the anchor cable body 1. The sealing component 5 is detachably connected to a sealing sleeve 7 through a coupling component 6. The sealing sleeve 7 can be sleeved on the anchor cable body 1 to send the sealing component 5 into the corresponding position in the borehole and cooperate with the sealing component 5 to perform fixed-point sealing of the surrounding rock area in the borehole.

[0047] In this embodiment, the sealing component 5 is the core part of the fixed-point sealing device. It is sleeved on the anchor cable body 1 and is made of high-strength, wear-resistant material to ensure stability and durability in the complex environment inside the borehole. Specifically, the sealing component 5 can be circular or nearly circular to adapt to the shape of the borehole. The axis of the sealing component 5 is provided with a sleeve channel 9 that is adapted to the cross-section of the anchor cable body 1. The sealing sleeve 7 is sleeved on the anchor bolt body 1 and is used to push the sealing component 5 to the corresponding position to perform fixed-point sealing of the surrounding rock area inside the borehole. It should be noted that the sealing component 5 is a consumable. The application of multiple sealing components 5 can form multiple surrounding rock zones. For example, when two sealing components 5 are applied in the hole, the entire borehole can be divided into three independent surrounding rock zones. When using the anchor cable structure mentioned in Embodiment 1, process grouting can be achieved at different times.

[0048] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the sealing component 5 includes a first airbag 51 and a second airbag 52 disposed opposite to each other. The first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 are connected by a connecting pipe 53. The second airbag 52 is provided with a first airflow channel 54. The sealing sleeve 7 is provided with a second airflow channel 71 that can communicate with the first airflow channel 54. The second airflow channel 71 is connected to an inflation device 72 for inflating the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 so that they expand and abut against the hole wall to achieve fixed-point sealing.

[0049] In this embodiment, the sealing assembly 5 includes a first airbag 51 and a second airbag 52 disposed opposite to each other. The airbags are made of high-strength, wear-resistant and airtight materials. The first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 can be annular airbags with a sleeve channel 9 opened in the center of the axis, which are adapted to be sleeved on the anchor cable body 1 to ensure that they can tightly abut against the hole wall after inflation, so as to achieve effective fixed-point sealing.

[0050] To ensure that the two airbags expand synchronously during inflation and maintain the uniformity and stability of the sealing effect, a connecting tube 53 is provided between the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 for communication. Specifically, the second airbag 52 is provided with a first airflow channel 54 as the inlet for airbag inflation.

[0051] The sealing sleeve 7 has a second airflow channel 71 that can communicate with the first airflow channel 54. This design allows the inflation device 72 to inflate the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 through the second airflow channel 71 and the first airflow channel 54. The inflation device 72 can be inflated manually or automatically, such as with a manual air pump or an automatic air pump, depending on the actual needs.

[0052] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 are respectively provided with a first limiting baffle 55a, a first limiting baffle 55b, a second limiting baffle 56a, and a second limiting baffle 56b on both sides, so that the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 only expand radially toward the borehole when inflated. Specifically, when the airbags are inflated, the first limiting baffle 55a and the first limiting baffle 55b restrict the expansion direction of the first airbag 51, and the second limiting baffle 56a and the second limiting baffle 56b restrict the expansion direction of the second airbag 52. In addition, the first limiting baffle 55a, the first limiting baffle 55b, the second limiting baffle 56a, and the second limiting baffle 56b can be annular baffles with a sleeve channel 9 opened at the axis, which are adapted to fit onto the anchor cable body 1 to ensure that they only expand radially toward the borehole, tightly abut against the borehole wall, and do not move or deform along the axial direction of the anchor cable body 1.

[0053] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, a sealing space 57 is formed between the first limiting baffle 55b and the second limiting baffle 56a. The sealing space 57 is connected to a first grout channel 58. The sealing sleeve 7 is provided with a second grout channel 73 that can communicate with the first grout channel 58. The second grout channel 73 is connected to a grouting valve 74 for injecting grout into the sealing space 57 to achieve a firm fixed-point sealing.

[0054] In this embodiment, the sealing space 57 is located between the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52, and is formed by the first limiting baffle 55b, the second limiting baffle 56a, and the outer wall of the airbag. This space is filled with grout during grouting, and after the grout solidifies, it forms a robust and sealed sealing structure with the sealing assembly. The sealing space 57 is connected to a first grout channel 58, serving as the channel for the grout to enter the sealing space. Correspondingly, the sealing sleeve 7 is provided with a second grout channel 73 that can communicate with the first grout channel 58. The second grout channel 73 is connected to a grouting valve 74 for controlling the injection of grout into the sealing space 57.

[0055] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation thereof, the first airflow channel 54 is provided with a check valve 541 to prevent gas from escaping from the airbag, the second airflow channel 71 is provided with a first pressure valve 75 for monitoring gas pressure, and the second slurry channel 73 is provided with a second pressure valve 76 for monitoring fluid pressure.

[0056] In this embodiment, to prevent gas from escaping after inflation and weakening the sealing effect, a check valve 541 is added to the first airflow channel 54. This check valve 541 allows gas to flow into the airbag in one direction while preventing gas from flowing out, thus ensuring the durability and stability of the sealing. Furthermore, to ensure effective control of the gas pressure during inflation, a first pressure valve 75 is provided on the second airflow channel 71 to monitor the gas pressure in real time and automatically closes when the pressure reaches a preset value to prevent damage to the airbag due to over-inflation. Similarly, a second pressure valve 76 is provided on the second grout channel 73 to monitor the fluid pressure, allowing operators to precisely control the pressure during grouting, ensuring that the grout is evenly filled into the sealing space 57, and stopping promptly after filling to avoid grout leakage or equipment damage due to excessive pressure.

[0057] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the coupling component 6 includes a docking portion 61 located outside the second limiting baffle 56 and corresponding to the sealing sleeve 7. The docking portion 61 is provided with a first magnet 62, and the sealing sleeve 7 is provided with a second magnet 67 corresponding to the first magnet 62 at one end facing the sealing component 5. The first magnet 62 and the second magnet 67 can be coupled and attracted to each other so that the sealing sleeve 7 can deliver the sealing component 5 to the corresponding position in the borehole for zonal and point sealing of the surrounding rock. After sealing is completed, the first magnet 62 and the second magnet 67 can be separated under external force so that the sealing sleeve 7 can be pulled out of the borehole for recovery.

[0058] In this embodiment, the coupling component 6 includes a mating portion 61 located outside the second limiting baffle 56b and corresponding to the sealing sleeve 7, ensuring precise alignment between the sealing component 5 and the sealing sleeve 7, thus providing a basis for subsequent magnetic coupling. The first magnet 62 and the second magnet 67 can be made of high-strength, high-stability magnetic materials to ensure sufficient adsorption force during coupling.

[0059] The packer sleeve 7 can be securely connected to the packer assembly 5 via a magnetic coupling mechanism, and both can be inserted into the corresponding position within the borehole. After the packing operation is completed, the operator applies an external force, such as a pulling force, to disengage the first magnet 62 from the second magnet 67, and then easily retrieves the packer sleeve 7 from the borehole.

[0060] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, the docking part 61 is provided with a mounting groove 63, the mounting groove 63 is provided with the first magnet 62, and the second magnet 67 is shaped to match the mounting groove 63. The second magnet 67 can be inserted into the mounting groove 63 and coupled and attracted with the first magnet 62, so that the docking part 61 is tightly coupled with the sealing sleeve 7.

[0061] In this embodiment, the docking portion 61 is further designed to include a mounting groove 63. The first magnet 62 is placed within the mounting groove 63, and its shape and size match the mounting groove 63, ensuring the stability and safety of the first magnet 62.

[0062] The second magnet 67 is mounted on the packer sleeve, and its shape matches the mounting groove 63. When the packer sleeve is mated with the packer assembly 5, the second magnet 67 can be inserted into the mounting groove 63 and tightly coupled with the first magnet 62. Because the second magnet 67 can be inserted into the mounting groove 63 and coupled with the first magnet 62, the connection between the mating part 61 and the packer sleeve 7 is tighter and more stable, which not only improves the stability of the device during the grouting process, but also simplifies the installation and disassembly process.

[0063] Example 3: Please refer to Figures 11 and 12. This example provides a method for grouting reinforcement of surrounding rock, including the following steps:

[0064] S1: Anchor cable drilling, using a drilling rig to drill anchor cable holes in the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0065] S2: Inspect the fractured state of the surrounding rock inside the borehole, divide the borehole into zones, and use a borehole sight to observe the fractured state of the surrounding rock inside the borehole, including fissures, joints, fracture zones, etc.; based on the observation results, divide the surrounding rock inside the borehole into different zones for subsequent targeted grouting reinforcement.

[0066] S3: Determine the initial grouting scheme based on the fracture condition of the surrounding rock in the borehole and the design requirements.

[0067] Specifically, this includes grouting materials, grouting pressure, and grouting volume. The tail end of the anchor cable structure proposed in Example 1, which enables process grouting, is then inserted into the bottom of the borehole and anchored. Anchoring methods can be mechanical or chemical. Specifically, an anchoring agent is added to the bottom of the hole, the anchor cable body 1 is inserted, and after stirring, the tail end of the anchor cable body 1 is fixed to the anchoring area. A first baffle 16 is used to seal the anchoring agent at the bottom of the hole, isolating it from other spaces within the hole, ensuring the anchor cable structure remains stable within the borehole.

[0068] S4: Using the borehole fixed-point separation device proposed in Example 2 above, the area divided in step S3 is separated into surrounding rock spaces inside the borehole. After the grout in all the sealed spaces 57 has solidified, the surrounding rock sections that need to be reinforced can be grouted.

[0069] S5: Perform initial grouting. According to the initial grouting plan, inject grout into the corresponding grouting pipe of the anchor cable structure through grouting devices such as grouting machines or grouting pumps. The grout will eventually flow into the corresponding surrounding rock zone. After grouting is completed, wait for the grout to solidify and form a certain strength before proceeding to the next step.

[0070] S6: Apply pre-tightening force to anchor cable body 1 to complete the first installation. Use tensioning equipment to apply pre-tightening force to anchor cable body 1 so that the anchor cable structure is tightly attached to the surrounding rock, forming an effective reinforcement effect.

[0071] S7: During the service life of the roadway, observe and analyze the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock, including the displacement of the surrounding rock, the development of cracks, and the changes in the fracture zone, in order to determine whether grouting is needed again. If the surrounding rock does not undergo large deformation or damage and the roadway remains intact, no measures need to be taken.

[0072] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, in step S2, the surrounding rock area inside the borehole is divided into a first partition 31, a second partition 32, and a third partition 33 from the inside to the outside, and a fixed-point separation device inside the borehole as described in step S4 is provided at the junction of each partition.

[0073] Specifically, borehole inspection equipment is used to inspect the fracture condition of the surrounding rock within the borehole, including the distribution and development of fissures, joints, and fracture zones. Based on the inspection results, the surrounding rock area within the borehole is divided into three zones from the inside out: a first zone 31, a second zone 32, and a third zone 33. It should be noted that in some other embodiments, more zones may be set depending on the actual condition of the surrounding rock. Furthermore, the extent of each zone should be determined based on the actual fracture condition of the surrounding rock to ensure the targeted and effective grouting reinforcement.

[0074] At the boundaries of each zone, namely between the first zone 31 and the second zone 32, and between the second zone 32 and the third zone 33, the in-hole fixed-point separation device proposed in Example 2 is set to ensure that the grout does not leak into other surrounding rock zones during the grouting process of the designated surrounding rock zone.

[0075] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, in step S5, initial grouting may be selectively performed according to the degree of rock fragmentation of the first zone 31, the second zone 32, and the third zone 33.

[0076] Specifically, after inspecting and dividing the surrounding rock into zones in step S2, the following three situations may occur:

[0077] Scenario 1: The surrounding rock in one zone is highly fractured, while the surrounding rock in the other two zones is relatively intact. For example, the surrounding rock in the third zone 33 is highly fractured, while the surrounding rock in the first zone 31 and the second zone 32 is relatively intact. In this case, it is only necessary to reinforce the surrounding rock in the third zone 33 by grouting through the third grouting pipe 133.

[0078] Scenario 2: Two zones have highly fractured surrounding rock, while one zone has relatively intact surrounding rock. For example, the surrounding rock in zones 2 (32) and 33 (33) is highly fractured, while the surrounding rock in zone 1 (31) is relatively intact. In this case, grouting reinforcement is needed for zone 33 via the third grouting pipe 133, and for zone 2 (32) via the second grouting pipe 132. It should be noted that since the degree of fracture of the surrounding rock in zone 2 (32) and zone 33 (33) may differ, the grout used for both grouting operations must be selected based on the degree of fracture of the surrounding rock to ensure the grouting effect, thereby increasing the grouting range and guaranteeing the grouting effect.

[0079] Scenario 3: The surrounding rock in all three zones is highly fractured. In this case, grouting reinforcement is required for the surrounding rock in zones 31, 32, and 33 via the first grouting pipe 131, the second grouting pipe 132, and the third grouting pipe 133, respectively. It should be noted that since the degree of fracture of the surrounding rock in the three zones may differ, the grout used for the three injections must be selected according to the degree of fracture of the surrounding rock to ensure the grouting effect, thereby increasing the grouting range and guaranteeing the grouting effect.

[0080] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of this solution and not a limitation, after completing step S6, when the surrounding rock undergoes large deformation and failure during the roadway service life, the following steps are also included:

[0081] S8: Use a drilling rig to re-open a viewing hole next to the anchor cable body 1 in order to observe the fracture of the surrounding rock; the distance L from the center of the viewing hole to the center of the anchor cable body 1 should be set to 200mm~500mm, preferably 200mm, to ensure that the viewing hole can accurately reflect the changes in the surrounding rock around the anchor cable body.

[0082] S9: Determine a re-grouting plan based on the surrounding rock fracturing observed through the inspection hole;

[0083] Specifically, when the initial grouting in step S5 is either scenario 1 or scenario 2 mentioned above, some surrounding rock zones remain unreinforced during the initial grouting. This is because at that time, some surrounding rock is relatively intact and does not require reinforcement; in other words, grouting reinforcement would be a waste of resources. However, during the tunnel's service life, when the surrounding rock undergoes large deformation and damage, the fissures in the previously intact surrounding rock gradually develop. At this point, grouting reinforcement of the corresponding surrounding rock zones through pre-reserved grouting pipes can effectively and reasonably manage the surrounding rock and improve the performance of the anchor cable structure. For example, in scenario 2 above, only the first zone 31 needs to be grouted and reinforced again through the first grouting pipe 131.

[0084] S10: Complete the re-grouting. According to the determined re-grouting plan, inject grout into the original grouting pipes that have not undergone initial grouting through the grouting equipment to reinforce the surrounding rock.

[0085] S11: After the second grouting is completed, the preload of the anchor cable body 1 is adjusted according to the stability of the surrounding rock and the design requirements. The appropriate preload is applied to the anchor cable body through the tensioning equipment so that it is tightly attached to the surrounding rock to form an effective reinforcement effect.

[0086] It should be emphasized again that after the initial grouting is completed, if the surrounding rock does not undergo large deformation or damage and the roadway remains intact during the roadway's service life, steps S8 to S11 are not required.

[0087] Furthermore, in steps S3 and S9, when grouting and reinforcing different surrounding rock zones, a grout with suitable rheological properties is selected according to the degree of fragmentation of the surrounding rock to increase the grouting range and ensure the grouting effect. For example, a grout with a larger fineness modulus can be injected into a surrounding rock zone with a higher degree of fragmentation, and vice versa. It should be understood that the selection of grout can also refer to parameters such as consistency and particle size distribution.

[0088] This invention can specifically reinforce fractured or soft surrounding rock areas, significantly improving the overall stability of the tunnel and reducing the risk of safety accidents caused by surrounding rock deformation or collapse. Effective surrounding rock reinforcement can reduce deformation and damage to the surrounding rock under long-term stress, thereby extending the service life of the tunnel. This is of great significance for underground engineering projects requiring long-term operation and maintenance, as it can reduce later maintenance costs and frequency. Precise grouting control and targeted sealing technology ensure the uniformity and reliability of the reinforcement effect, avoiding the problems of poor grouting effect and wasted costs that may occur with traditional one-time grouting reinforcement methods. This helps improve project quality, reduces the need for re-anchoring due to poor reinforcement effect, and thus improves the overall economic benefits of the project.

[0089] Furthermore, by emphasizing precise control during the reinforcement process, waste of grouting materials and environmental pollution were reduced. Simultaneously, by improving the stability and service life of the tunnels, resource consumption and carbon emissions caused by frequent maintenance and replacement of engineering facilities were reduced, aligning with the concepts of green construction and sustainable development.

[0090] The above are implementation methods provided in conjunction with specific content, and it is not intended that the specific implementation of this application is limited to these descriptions. Any methods or structures that are similar to those of this application, or any technical deductions or substitutions made based on the concept of this application, should be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A hole-mounted sealing device for process grouting, characterized in that: Includes a sealing component (5) fitted on the anchor cable body (1), the sealing component (5) being detachably connected to a sealing sleeve (7) via a coupling component (6), the sealing sleeve (7) being fitted on the anchor cable body (1) to send the sealing component (5) into the corresponding position in the borehole, and to cooperate with the sealing component (5) to perform fixed-point sealing of the surrounding rock area in the borehole; The sealing assembly (5) includes a first airbag (51) and a second airbag (52) arranged opposite to each other. The first airbag (51) and the second airbag (52) are connected by a connecting tube (53). The second airbag (52) is provided with a first airflow channel (54). The sealing sleeve (7) is provided with a second airflow channel (71) that can communicate with the first airflow channel (54). The second airflow channel (71) is connected to an inflation device (72) for inflating the first airbag (51) and the second airbag (52) so that they expand and abut against the hole wall to achieve fixed-point sealing. The first airbag (51) and the second airbag (52) are respectively provided with a first limiting baffle (55a, 55b) and a second limiting baffle (56a, 56b) on both sides, so that the first airbag (51) and the second airbag (52) only expand radially toward the borehole when inflated; The coupling assembly (6) includes a docking part (61) located outside the second limiting baffle (56b) and corresponding to the sealing sleeve (7). The docking part (61) is provided with a first magnet (62). The sealing sleeve (7) is provided with a second magnet (67) corresponding to the first magnet (62) at one end facing the sealing assembly (5). The first magnet (62) and the second magnet (67) can be coupled and attracted so that the sealing sleeve (7) can send the sealing assembly (5) to the corresponding position in the borehole for zoning and fixed-point sealing of the surrounding rock. After the sealing is completed, the first magnet (62) and the second magnet (67) can be separated under external force to retrieve the sealing sleeve (7). A sealing space (57) is formed between the first limiting baffle (55b) and the second limiting baffle (56a). The sealing space (57) is connected to a first grout channel (58). The sealing sleeve (7) is provided with a second grout channel (73) that can communicate with the first grout channel (58). The second grout channel (73) is connected to a grouting valve (74) for injecting grout into the sealing space (57) to achieve a firm fixed-point sealing. The docking part (61) is provided with an installation groove (63), and the first magnet (62) is provided in the installation groove (63). The second magnet (67) matches the shape of the installation groove (63). The second magnet (67) can be inserted into the installation groove (63) and coupled and attracted with the first magnet (62), so that the docking part (61) is tightly coupled with the sealing sleeve (7).

2. The in-hole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first airflow channel (54) is provided with a check valve (541) to prevent gas from escaping from the airbag.

3. The in-hole fixed-point sealing device for process grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second airflow channel (71) is provided with a first pressure valve (75) for monitoring gas pressure.

4. A hole-mounted sealing device for process grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second slurry channel (73) is equipped with a second pressure valve (76) for monitoring fluid pressure.

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