Solenoid valve

Abstract

A solenoid valve, which is applied to a shock absorber. An electromagnetic actuator, a pilot valve assembly, a valve sleeve, a valve seat and a valve core mechanism are provided in a cylinder, wherein the valve sleeve is provided with a first oil port, the valve seat is provided with a second oil port, and the flow area of the first oil port is varied by means of the sliding movement of the valve core mechanism; the electromagnetic actuator comprises a coil, a magnetic conductive tube, a sliding block and an ejector pin, the coil being sleeved on the magnetic conductive tube, the magnetic conductive tube being provided with a mounting groove, and the sliding block running through the mounting groove; and the highest point of the magnetic conductive tube is higher than that of the coil, and the lowest point of the magnetic conductive tube is lower than that of the coil. The magnetic conductive tube of the solenoid valve can completely cover the coil, such that the electromagnetic force of the sliding block remains at a constant value, thereby ensuring stable operation of the sliding block and the ejector pin, and thus stably controlling the opening degree of a pilot valve core.

Description

A solenoid valve

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024114582800, filed on October 18, 2024, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of vehicle suspension damping devices, and in particular to a solenoid valve. Background Technology

[0004] Shock absorbers are an important component of automotive suspension systems. They are used to suppress the oscillations caused by the rebound of the shock-absorbing springs and the impacts from the road surface, thus damping the vibrations of the chassis and body to improve ride comfort and handling stability. Shock absorbers include solenoid valves, which control the flow of hydraulic fluid within the shock absorber chamber, thereby adjusting the damping and achieving the vehicle's shock absorption function. In existing solenoid valve technology, the pressure in the pilot valve chamber is controlled by adjusting the input current, which in turn controls the opening of the main valve core, thereby adjusting the damping of the shock absorber.

[0005] In the prior art, such as Chinese utility model patent CN219317506U, an adjustable damping solenoid valve for a shock absorber is disclosed, including a valve sleeve, a main valve core, a main valve chamber, and a main return spring. The main valve core is equipped with a first check valve and a second check valve. An oil outlet channel is provided on the valve sleeve, and a housing is fitted onto the upper end of the valve sleeve, leaving an oil outlet gap between the bottom of the housing and the top of the valve sleeve. A third check valve and a fourth check valve are provided on the valve sleeve. A pilot valve for connecting the oil outlet channel is provided in the main valve chamber, and an electromagnetic drive assembly for driving the pilot valve is provided on the housing. During compression, the oil first passes through the first check valve and enters the pilot valve, then opens the main valve core. During recovery, the oil first passes through the second check valve and enters the pilot valve, then opens the main valve core. However, the magnetic tube in its electromagnetic drive assembly does not completely cover the coil range, causing the electromagnetic force on the slider to vary at different positions, affecting the slider's movement accuracy and resulting in poor performance of its electromagnetic drive assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One objective of this disclosure is to provide a solenoid valve with a high-performance electromagnetic actuator.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this disclosure is as follows: an electromagnetic valve, applied to a shock absorber, includes an electromagnetic actuator, a pilot valve assembly, a valve sleeve, a main valve seat, and a valve core mechanism. The electromagnetic actuator, pilot valve assembly, valve sleeve, main valve seat, and valve core mechanism are all located inside a cylinder. The valve sleeve and the main valve seat are interlocked, and the valve sleeve is connected to the cylinder. The valve sleeve has a first oil port, and the main valve seat has a second oil port. The valve core mechanism is located inside the valve sleeve. The first oil port changes its interception area by sliding the valve core mechanism. The pilot valve assembly is located on top of the valve core mechanism, and the electromagnetic actuator is located on top of the pilot valve assembly. The electromagnetic actuator includes a coil, a magnetic tube, a slider, and a push rod. The magnetic tube is cylindrical, and the coil is sleeved on the magnetic tube. The bottom of the magnetic tube has an inwardly recessed mounting groove, and the slider is slidably inserted into the mounting groove. The lower end of the slider is connected to the upper end of the push rod. The highest point of the magnetic tube is higher than the highest point of the coil, and the lowest point of the magnetic tube is lower than the lowest point of the coil.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this disclosure are that the magnetic tube can completely cover the range of the coil, and the electromagnetic force of the slider remains constant at different positions through saturation, so that the slider works stably, and thus the push rod works stably, which can stably control the opening of the pilot valve core. Under constant electromagnetic force, the movement of the slider can be more precise, and the adjustment accuracy can be guaranteed when the user adjusts the damper, especially for the reset of the adjustment. With constant electromagnetic force, the slider works stably.

[0009] In addition, in this disclosure, the electromagnetic actuator, pilot valve assembly, valve sleeve, main valve seat and valve core mechanism are all located inside the cylinder, which can be a shock absorber cylinder.

[0010] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the slider has a first through hole at its center.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper end of the slider is provided with a magnetic shielding plate, which is connected to the top of the slider.

[0012] Furthermore, the magnetic shielding plate has a first protrusion extending downward at its center, and the outer wall surface of the first protrusion mates with the first through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the first protrusion is provided with a through second hole, which connects the first through hole to the top of the magnetic shielding plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the magnetic shielding plate is provided with a second protrusion extending upwards.

[0015] Furthermore, the top surface of the second boss is an arc surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the edge of the magnetic shielding plate is provided with a first groove that is recessed towards the center.

[0017] Furthermore, the first through hole includes an upper section and a lower section, which are connected by a stepped surface.

[0018] Furthermore, the diameter of the lower segment is larger than the diameter of the upper segment.

[0019] Furthermore, the top of the top rod is positioned on the lower section.

[0020] Furthermore, a gap is provided between the top rod portion and the hole wall of the lower section.

[0021] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a partition is provided between the wall of the mounting groove and the slider.

[0022] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a tapered groove is provided on the side surface of the magnetic tube.

[0023] Furthermore, the projection of the conical groove onto the vertical plane coincides with the projection of the coil onto the vertical plane.

[0024] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the pilot valve assembly includes a pilot valve core, a pilot valve seat, and a pilot spring, with the pilot spring located between the pilot valve core and the pilot valve seat. The pilot valve seat includes an upper valve seat and a lower valve seat, with an oil inlet chamber on the upper valve seat and an oil inlet hole on the lower valve seat. The upper and lower valve seats are detachably connected. The pilot valve core has an adjusting column and an oil outlet hole. The adjusting column can move axially with the pilot valve core to change the flow rate of the oil inlet chamber. A guide cavity is provided between the adjusting column and the oil inlet chamber, and the guide cavity is connected to both the oil inlet chamber and the oil outlet hole. The oil inlet hole is connected to the oil inlet chamber.

[0025] Furthermore, there are at least two oil inlets.

[0026] Furthermore, the oil inlet holes are evenly distributed around the center of the lower valve seat.

[0027] Furthermore, the oil inlet chamber includes a circular hole section and a conical hole section from top to bottom. The bottom of the circular hole section and the top of the conical hole section are connected by a circular arc transition, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical hole section gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0028] Furthermore, the diameter of the circular hole segment is not greater than the top diameter of the conical hole segment.

[0029] Furthermore, a mounting section is provided below the tapered bore section, which is used for mounting the lower valve seat.

[0030] Furthermore, a limiting surface for blocking the lower valve seat is provided between the mounting section and the tapered hole section.

[0031] Furthermore, the projection of the oil inlet hole on the horizontal plane is located inside the projection of the bottom edge of the tapered hole section on the horizontal plane.

[0032] Furthermore, the upper valve seat includes a first ring, a second ring, and a third ring. The inner diameter of the first ring is larger than the outer diameter of the third ring. The second ring is disposed between the first ring and the third ring. The lower part of the first ring is connected to the upper part of the third ring through the second ring.

[0033] Furthermore, the oil inlet chamber is located on the third ring.

[0034] Furthermore, the top surface of the third ring is higher than the top surface of the second ring.

[0035] Furthermore, the top surface of the third ring is lower than the top surface of the first ring.

[0036] Furthermore, the outer diameter surface of the first ring member and the top surface of the first ring member are connected by a chamfer transition.

[0037] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the first ring member is provided with a downwardly extending first protruding ring, and the top surface of the first protruding ring is connected to and flush with the bottom surface of the second ring member.

[0038] Furthermore, the top surface of the first ring member is provided with an upwardly extending second protruding ring, the inner diameter of which is the same as the inner diameter of the first ring member.

[0039] Furthermore, the outer diameter surface of the second convex ring is provided with a first annular groove that is recessed toward the center.

[0040] Furthermore, the lower sidewall of the first annular groove is connected to the top surface of the first ring member.

[0041] Furthermore, the upper sidewall of the first annular groove is inclined; the bottom surface of the first annular groove is a circular arc surface.

[0042] Furthermore, the oil inlet and outlet directions on the upper and lower sides of the pilot valve seat are axial.

[0043] Furthermore, the pilot valve core includes an upper valve core, a lower valve core, and a first oil passage connecting the inner and outer sides of the pilot valve core. The lower valve core can move axially relative to the upper valve core. The first oil passage is located between the upper valve core, the lower valve core, or both the upper and lower valve cores. When the upper and lower valve cores are in contact, the first oil passage is open.

[0044] Furthermore, the valve sleeve is provided with a gap oil passage, which is connected to the first oil port, and the first oil passage is connected to the gap oil passage.

[0045] Furthermore, the upper valve core includes a fourth ring and a fifth ring from bottom to top, with the top of the fourth ring connected to the bottom of the fifth ring.

[0046] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the fourth ring is larger than the outer diameter of the fifth ring.

[0047] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the fourth ring is the same as the inner diameter of the fifth ring.

[0048] Furthermore, the lower valve core includes a support base, and a second groove is provided on the bottom surface of the support base, with the upper end of the adjusting column connected to the bottom surface of the second groove.

[0049] Furthermore, the oil outlet is located on the support base.

[0050] Furthermore, there are at least two oil outlet holes.

[0051] Furthermore, the adjusting column is located at the center of the support base.

[0052] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the adjusting column is provided with an inwardly recessed buffer groove.

[0053] Furthermore, the buffer groove is coaxial with the oil inlet chamber.

[0054] Furthermore, the buffer groove and the bottom surface of the adjusting column are connected by a chamfer.

[0055] Furthermore, the oil outlet holes are evenly distributed around the center of the support base.

[0056] Furthermore, the projection of the oil outlet hole on the horizontal plane coincides with the projection of the fourth ring on the horizontal plane.

[0057] Furthermore, the area of ​​the overlapping portion of the projections of the oil outlet and the fourth ring on the horizontal plane is greater than half of the projected area of ​​the oil outlet on the horizontal plane.

[0058] Furthermore, the sidewall of the second groove is stepped, and the lower diameter of the second groove is larger than the upper diameter of the second groove.

[0059] Furthermore, the second groove transitions to the bottom surface of the support base via a chamfer.

[0060] Furthermore, adjacent steps on the sidewall of the second groove are transitioned by a ramp.

[0061] Furthermore, a second annular groove is provided on the bottom surface of the second groove, and the outer wall of the second annular groove is connected to the side wall of the second groove.

[0062] Furthermore, the inner wall of the second annular groove is inclined.

[0063] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the second annular groove is a circular arc surface.

[0064] Furthermore, at least two grooves are provided between the upper valve core and the lower valve core, and a first oil passage is formed between adjacent grooves.

[0065] Furthermore, the groove is obtained by milling a groove on the protrusion at one end of the lower valve core.

[0066] Furthermore, the groove platform is wedge-shaped, with the outer side higher than the inner side.

[0067] Furthermore, the projection of the upper valve core on the horizontal plane completely covers the projection of the slot platform on the horizontal plane.

[0068] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the valve core mechanism includes a main valve core and a main spring. The main spring is disposed between the main valve core and the pilot valve assembly. The main valve core is axially movable relative to the valve sleeve. The main valve core is provided with a feedback chamber and a second channel. The feedback chamber is disposed on one end face of the main valve core. One end of the second channel is connected to the feedback chamber, and the other end is connected to the second oil port.

[0069] Furthermore, an annular spring is provided between the main spring and the pilot valve assembly, and the spring force of the spring is less than that of the main spring.

[0070] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the top of the cylinder is provided with an upper sealing cap and a fixing ring. The cross-section of the fixing ring is generally L-shaped after rotating 180°. A fixing groove with a central indentation is provided on the outer surface of the cylinder. The horizontal edge of the fixing ring abuts against the upper sealing cap, and part of the vertical edge of the fixing ring is embedded in the fixing groove.

[0071] Furthermore, the lower part of the cylinder is provided with a lower sealing cover, and the valve sleeve is connected to the cylinder through the lower sealing cover.

[0072] Furthermore, the lower sealing cover is generally annular.

[0073] Furthermore, the inner side of the cylinder is provided with a first thread, and the outer diameter surface of the lower sealing cover is provided with a second thread, and the first thread and the second thread are engaged.

[0074] The solenoid valve disclosed herein has the following advantages: the electromagnetic actuator operates stably and the slider movement is highly accurate, resulting in precise adjustment of the solenoid valve; the pilot valve seat has a simple structure, is easy to process, and has low cost; the upper valve core can compress the pilot spring between the lower valve core and the pilot valve seat, thereby adjusting the preload of the pilot spring; the design of the first oil passage allows the oil to flow through the first oil passage when the lower valve core is not subjected to the force of the push rod on the electric drive assembly, thus improving stability. Attached Figure Description

[0075] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0076] Figure 2 is an enlarged view of part A in Figure 1;

[0077] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of part B in Figure 1;

[0078] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic shielding plate in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0079] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic tube in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0080] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the pilot valve assembly of Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0081] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the pilot valve seat of Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0082] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the pilot valve seat of Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0083] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the pilot valve seat of Embodiment 1 of this disclosure (II).

[0084] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the pilot valve core of Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0085] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the pilot valve core of Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0086] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the lower valve core of Embodiment 1 of this disclosure.

[0087] In the diagram: 1. Pilot valve core; 11. Upper valve core; 111. Fourth ring; 112. Fifth ring; 12. Lower valve core; 121. Groove; 122. First oil passage; 123. Support seat; 124. Adjusting column; 125. Second groove; 1251. Second annular groove; 126. Oil outlet; 127. Buffer groove; 2. Pilot valve seat; 21. Upper valve seat; 211. First ring; 2111. First protrusion 2112, Second convex ring; 2113, First annular groove; 212, Second ring member; 213, Third ring member; 22, Lower valve seat; 221, Oil inlet hole; 23, Oil inlet chamber; 231, Circular hole section; 232, Tapered hole section; 233, Mounting section; 234, Limiting surface; 24, Guide cavity; 3, Electromagnetic actuator; 31, Push rod; 311, Gap; 312, Plane; 32, Coil; 33, Magnetic tube 331. Mounting groove; 332. Third boss; 333. Conical groove; 334. Third convex ring; 34. Slider; 341. First through hole; 3411. Upper section; 3412. Lower section; 3413. Stepped surface; 35. Magnetic shield; 351. First boss; 352. Second through hole; 353. Second boss; 354. First groove; 36. Partition; 4. Pilot spring; 5. Cylinder; 51. Upper sealing cover; 5 11. Limiting groove; 52. Lower sealing cover; 521. Second thread; 522. Third groove; 53. Retaining ring; 54. Retaining groove; 55. First thread; 6. Valve sleeve; 61. First oil port; 62. Gap oil passage; 7. Main valve seat; 71. Second oil port; 8. Valve core mechanism; 81. Main valve core; 811. Feedback chamber; 812. Second channel; 82. Main spring; 83. Spring; 0. Pilot valve assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0088] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this disclosure in order to achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects based on this disclosure is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0089] Example 1:

[0090] This embodiment provides a solenoid valve, as shown in Figure 1, applied to a shock absorber 5. It includes an electromagnetic actuator 3, a pilot valve assembly 0, a valve sleeve 6, a main valve seat 7, and a valve core mechanism 8. The electromagnetic actuator 3, pilot valve assembly 0, valve sleeve 6, main valve seat 7, and valve core mechanism 8 are all located inside the cylinder 5. The valve sleeve 6 and main valve seat 7 are interlocked, and the valve sleeve 6 is connected to the cylinder 5. The valve sleeve 6 has a first oil port 61, and the main valve seat 7 has a second oil port 71. The valve core mechanism 8 is disposed inside the valve sleeve 6. The first oil port 61 changes its interception area through the sliding of the valve core mechanism 8. The pilot valve assembly 0 is located on top of the valve core mechanism 8, and the electromagnetic actuator 3 is located on top of the pilot valve assembly 0. The electromagnetic actuator 3 includes a coil 32, a magnetic tube 33, a slider 34, and a push rod 31. The magnetic tube 33 is cylindrical, and the coil 32 is sleeved on the magnetic tube 33. The bottom of the magnetic tube 33 is provided with an inwardly recessed mounting groove 331, and the slider 34 is slidably inserted into the mounting groove 331. The lower end of the slider 34 is connected to the upper end of the push rod 31. The highest point of the magnetic tube 33 is higher than the highest point of the coil 32, and the lowest point of the magnetic tube 33 is lower than the lowest point of the coil 32.

[0091] The magnetic tube 33 can completely cover the range of the coil 32. Through saturation, the electromagnetic force of the slider 34 remains constant at different positions, making the slider 34 work stably. This, in turn, makes the push rod 31 work stably. Under constant electromagnetic force, the movement of the slider 34 can be more precise. When the user adjusts the damper, the adjustment accuracy can be guaranteed. In particular, for the reset of the adjustment, the constant electromagnetic force allows the slider 34 to reset precisely, improving the user experience.

[0092] To ensure reliable movement of the slider 34, as shown in Figure 2, a first through hole 341 is provided at the center of the slider 34; a magnetic shielding plate 35 is provided at the upper end of the slider 34, and the magnetic shielding plate 35 is connected to the top of the slider 34. The first through hole 341 is used to connect the upper and lower sides of the slider 34, which facilitates the flow of oil, balances the upper and lower pressure of the slider 34, and facilitates the movement of the slider 34; the design of the magnetic shielding plate 35 prevents the slider 34 from being attracted.

[0093] To ensure the structural reliability of the magnetic shielding plate 35, a first protrusion 351 extending downwards is provided at the center of the magnetic shielding plate 35, and the outer wall surface of the first protrusion 351 mates with the first through hole 341; a second through hole 352 is provided on the first protrusion 351, connecting the first through hole 341 and the upper part of the magnetic shielding plate 35. In this embodiment, the magnetic shielding plate 35 is made of a material that will not be attracted by magnetic force. The design of the first protrusion 351 improves the structural strength of the magnetic shielding plate 35, and the mating of the first protrusion 351 with the first through hole 341 facilitates the connection between the magnetic shielding plate 35 and the slider 34; the second through hole 352 allows for vertical connection and also provides a damping effect.

[0094] To ensure reliable oil flow, as shown in Figure 4, the magnetic shielding plate 35 is provided with an upwardly extending second protrusion 353; the top surface of the second protrusion 353 is an arc surface; the edge of the magnetic shielding plate 35 is provided with a first groove 354 recessed towards the center. The design of the second protrusion 353 improves the structural strength of the magnetic shielding plate 35, making it more stable when the magnetic shielding plate 35 abuts against the bottom of the mounting groove 331. At the same time, when the magnetic shielding plate 35 abuts against the bottom of the mounting groove 331, a gap can be left between the bottom of the mounting groove 331 and the magnetic shielding plate 35, which facilitates oil flow; the arc surface of the top surface of the second protrusion 353 can reduce the resistance between it and the oil during movement; the design of the first groove 354 can reduce the material used in the magnetic shielding plate 35, reduce weight, and facilitate molding.

[0095] To ensure the reliability of the first through hole 341, as shown in Figure 3, the first through hole 341 includes an upper section 3411 and a lower section 3412, which are connected by a stepped surface 3413. The diameter of the lower section 3412 is larger than that of the upper section 3411. The top of the push rod 31 is positioned on the lower section 3412. A gap 311 is provided between the push rod 31 and the hole wall of the lower section 3412. Specifically, the push rod 31 is cylindrical in shape, with a flat surface 312 on its side. The flat surface 312 forms a gap 311 with the hole wall of the lower section 3412. The push rod 31 and the lower section 3412 are interference-fitted. The design of the stepped surface 3413 limits the deepest installation distance of the push rod 31. The gap 311 allows the upper end 3411 to communicate with the lower part of the slider 34, enabling the oil on both sides to be balanced.

[0096] To ensure reliable sliding of the slider 34, a partition 36 is provided between the groove wall of the mounting groove 331 and the slider 34. The design of the partition 36 makes the sliding of the slider 34 smoother.

[0097] As shown in Figure 5, a tapered groove 333 is provided on the side surface of the magnetic tube 33; the projection of the tapered groove 333 on the vertical plane coincides with the projection of the coil 32 on the vertical plane.

[0098] To ensure the reliability of the pilot valve assembly 0, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the pilot valve assembly 0 includes a pilot valve core 1, a pilot valve seat 2, and a pilot spring 4. The pilot spring 4 is located between the pilot valve core 1 and the pilot valve seat 2. Specifically, the upper end of the pilot spring 4 abuts against the pilot valve core 1, and the lower end of the pilot spring 4 abuts against the pilot valve seat 2. When the pilot valve core 1 is subjected to the force of the push rod 31 on the electromagnetic actuator 3, the pilot valve core 1 moves downward to compress the pilot spring 4, causing the pilot spring 4 to generate a reaction force. When the force applied by the push rod 31 to the pilot valve core 1 disappears, the pilot valve core 1 moves upward to reset under the action of the pilot spring 4, thereby enabling the pilot valve core 1 to move up and down axially relative to the pilot valve seat 2. Furthermore, the pilot spring 4 has the function of absorbing vibration and buffering, which makes the push rod 31 push the pilot valve core 1 downward more smoothly.

[0099] The pilot valve seat 2 includes an upper valve seat 21 and a lower valve seat 22. The upper valve seat 21 has an oil inlet chamber 23, and the lower valve seat 22 is disposed on the oil inlet chamber 23. The lower valve seat 22 has an oil inlet hole 221. The upper valve seat 21 and the lower valve seat 22 are detachably connected. Compared with the integral structure, the separate design of the upper valve seat 21 and the lower valve seat 22 reduces the number of key dimensions that need to be controlled, makes the parts easier to process, and reduces costs. At the same time, the lower valve seat 22 can be disassembled and replaced, so that if the oil inlet hole 221 is blocked, only the lower valve seat 22 needs to be replaced, reducing maintenance costs. In addition, the size and number of oil inlet holes 221 can be adjusted by replacing the lower valve seat 22 with one of different specifications, or the oil inlet hole 221 can be further processed by removing the lower valve seat 22. In this embodiment, the upper valve seat 21 and the lower valve seat 22 are interference fit.

[0100] The pilot valve core 1 is equipped with an adjusting column 124 and an oil outlet 126. The adjusting column 124 can move axially with the pilot valve core 1 to change the flow rate of the oil inlet chamber 23. A guide chamber 24 is provided between the adjusting column 124 and the oil inlet chamber 23, and the guide chamber 24 is connected to both the oil inlet chamber 23 and the oil outlet 126. The oil inlet 221 is connected to the oil inlet chamber 23. The adjusting column 124 is directly above the oil inlet chamber 23 and is coaxial with the oil inlet chamber 23. When oil enters from the oil inlet chamber 23, it first collides with the adjusting column 124. The blocked oil diffuses outward into the guide chamber 24, which guides the oil towards the pilot valve core 1 and then flows out from the oil outlet 126. The oil flow has few bends, making the oil flow stable and smooth.

[0101] To ensure reliable oil inlet, as shown in Figure 9, there are at least two oil inlet holes 221; the oil inlet holes 221 are evenly distributed around the center of the lower valve seat 22. In this embodiment, there are three oil inlet holes 221.

[0102] To ensure reliable oil inlet, the oil inlet chamber 23 comprises, from top to bottom, a circular orifice section 231 and a tapered orifice section 232. The bottom of the circular orifice section 231 and the top of the tapered orifice section 232 are connected by a circular arc transition. The cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered orifice section 232 gradually increases from top to bottom. The diameter of the circular orifice section 231 is no larger than the top diameter of the tapered orifice section 232. The tapered orifice section 232 facilitates oil concentration, and the gradually decreasing orifice diameter increases the oil flow rate.

[0103] To ensure reliable installation of the lower valve seat 22, an installation section 233 is provided below the tapered bore section 232. The installation section 233 is used for installing the lower valve seat 22. A limiting surface 234 for blocking the lower valve seat 22 is provided between the installation section 233 and the tapered bore section 232. The lower valve seat 22 mates with the installation section 233. In this embodiment, the lower valve seat 22 is cylindrical, and the installation section 233 is a circular bore. The bottom surface of the lower valve seat 22 is flush with the bottom surface of the third ring 213, reducing steps and making the oil flow more stable.

[0104] To ensure reliable oil inlet, the projection of the oil inlet hole 221 on the horizontal plane is positioned inside the projection of the bottom edge of the tapered hole section 232 on the horizontal plane. The outermost part of the oil entering from the oil inlet hole 221 can flow upward along the tapered hole section 232 without impacting the mounting section 233, thus ensuring stable oil flow.

[0105] To ensure the reliability of the upper valve seat 21 structure, as shown in Figure 8, the upper valve seat 21 includes a first ring 211, a second ring 212, and a third ring 213. The inner diameter of the first ring 211 is larger than the outer diameter of the third ring 213. The second ring 212 is disposed between the first ring 211 and the third ring 213, and the lower part of the first ring 211 is connected to the upper part of the third ring 213 through the second ring 212. The oil inlet chamber 23 is disposed on the third ring 213. Specifically, the inner diameter surface of the first ring 211 is connected to the outer diameter surface of the second ring 212, and the inner diameter surface of the second ring 212 is connected to the outer diameter surface of the third ring 213. The inner diameter of the first ring 211 is larger than the diameter of the adjusting column 124. The first ring 211 is used for the installation of the upper valve seat 21 and the external environment. The guide cavity 24 is formed by connecting the first ring 211 and the third ring 213 through the second ring 212.

[0106] To ensure the reliability of the upper valve seat 21 structure, the top surface of the third ring 213 is higher than the top surface of the second ring 212, which increases the connection strength between the two. The top surface of the third ring 213 is lower than the top surface of the first ring 211. The oil coming out of the oil inlet chamber 23 will be blocked by the regulating column 124, causing the oil to flow outward. The top surface of the first ring 211 is higher, which allows the oil to flow upward along the inner diameter surface of the first ring 211 after flowing outward, ensuring the guidance of the oil flow. The outer diameter surface of the first ring 211 and the top surface of the first ring 211 are connected by a chamfer transition, which facilitates the installation of the first ring 211 with the outside.

[0107] To improve strength, the bottom surface of the first ring member 211 is provided with a downwardly extending first protruding ring 2111, and the top surface of the first protruding ring 2111 is connected to and flush with the bottom surface of the second ring member 212. The design of the first protruding ring 2111 enhances the connection strength between the first ring member 211 and the second ring member 212; the top surface of the first protruding ring 2111 and the bottom surface of the second ring member 212 can reduce the stepped surface and reduce the resistance to oil flow.

[0108] To improve guidance, the top surface of the first ring member 211 is provided with an upwardly extending second convex ring 2112, the inner diameter of which is the same as that of the first ring member 211; the outer diameter surface of the second convex ring 2112 is provided with a first annular groove 2113 recessed towards the center; the lower sidewall of the first annular groove 2113 is connected to the top surface of the first ring member 211; the upper sidewall of the first annular groove 2113 is inclined; and the bottom surface of the first annular groove 2113 is an arc surface. The outer diameter of the first convex ring 2111 is larger than the outer diameter of the second convex ring 2112. The design of the second convex ring 2112 extends the guiding distance for the oil. After flowing along the inner diameter surface of the first ring 211, the oil continues to flow along the inner diameter surface of the second convex ring 2112, ensuring stable oil flow. The second convex ring 2112 and the first ring 211 have the same inner diameter, which reduces the stepped surface and improves the stability of oil flow. The design of the first annular groove 2113 facilitates the installation of the pilot spring 4. The top surface of the second convex ring 2112 is higher than the bottom surface of the adjusting column 124.

[0109] To ensure more stable oil flow, the oil inlet and outlet directions on the upper and lower sides of the pilot valve seat 2 are axial. Specifically, the oil inlet direction on the lower valve seat 22 is axial, the through direction of the oil inlet hole 221 is axial, and the oil outlet direction on the upper valve seat 21 is axial. The first ring 211 has no holes in its circumference, and the oil flows out axially along the inner wall of the first ring 211. The pilot valve seat 2 does not need circumferential oil holes, making its machining simpler. With a pilot valve seat with circumferential holes, the oil must first turn upwards after entering, and then turn radially from axial to radial when exiting, resulting in numerous bends in the oil path, high resistance, and unstable oil flow. With axial inlet and outlet, the oil does not need to turn after entering and can directly contact the pilot valve core 1. After flowing through the pilot valve core 1, it can flow out directly axially, reducing oil path bends and making the oil flow more stable.

[0110] To ensure the reliability of the pilot valve core 1, as shown in Figure 10, the pilot valve core 1 includes an upper valve core 11, a lower valve core 12, and a first oil passage 122 connecting the inner and outer sides of the pilot valve core 1. The lower valve core 12 can move axially relative to the upper valve core 11. The first oil passage 122 is disposed between the upper valve core 11, the lower valve core 12, or the upper valve core 11 and the lower valve core 12. When the upper valve core 11 and the lower valve core 12 are in contact, the first oil passage 122 is open. The first oil passage 122 connects the inner and outer sides of the pilot valve core 1. The outer side is the portion of the pilot valve core 1 outside its radial direction, which is connected to the gap oil passage 62. The inner side is the portion of the pilot valve core 1 inside that is connected to the oil outlet 126. In this embodiment, the first oil passage 122 is located between the upper valve core 11 and the lower valve core 12. Here, the inner and outer sides of the pilot valve core 1 are relative to the slot platform 121. That is, the outer side is the outer side of the slot platform 121 along the radial direction of the pilot valve core 1, and the inner side is the inner side of the slot platform 121 along the radial direction of the pilot valve core 1. Of course, the first oil passage 122 can also be located on the upper valve core 11 or the lower valve core 12, simply by making an opening in the corresponding upper valve core 11 or lower valve core 12.

[0111] The valve sleeve 6 is provided with a gap oil passage 62, which is connected to the first oil port 61, and the first oil passage 122 is connected to the gap oil passage 62.

[0112] The upper valve core 11 is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic actuator 3, which increases the distance between the lower valve core 12 and the electromagnetic actuator 3, thereby adjusting the height of the lower valve core 12. The distance between the lower valve core 12 and the pilot valve seat 2 is reduced, which compresses the pilot spring 4 between the lower valve core 12 and the pilot valve seat 2, thereby adjusting the preload of the pilot spring 4. The design of the first oil passage 122 allows the oil to flow through the first oil passage 122 when the lower valve core 12 is not subjected to the force of the push rod 31 on the electromagnetic actuator 3, thus improving stability.

[0113] To ensure the reliability of the upper valve core 11 structure, as shown in Figure 11, the upper valve core 11 includes a fourth ring 111 and a fifth ring 112 from bottom to top. The top of the fourth ring 111 is connected to the bottom of the fifth ring 112. The outer diameter of the fourth ring 111 is larger than the outer diameter of the fifth ring 112. The inner diameter of the fourth ring 111 and the inner diameter of the fifth ring 112 are the same. The fourth ring 111 is used to increase the distance between the lower valve core 12 and the electromagnetic actuator 3, and also serves as a limit to ensure that the fifth ring 112 can be press-fitted into place. The fifth ring 112 is used to cooperate with the electromagnetic actuator 3 in installation.

[0114] To ensure the reliability of the lower valve core 12 structure, as shown in Figure 12, the lower valve core 12 includes a support base 123. A second groove 125 is provided on the bottom surface of the support base 123, and the upper end of the adjusting column 124 is connected to the bottom surface of the second groove 125. Oil outlet holes 126 are provided on the support base 123; there are at least two oil outlet holes 126. The support base 123 is generally cylindrical; the adjusting column 124 is generally cylindrical; the adjusting column 124 and the support base 123 are arranged coaxially. In this embodiment, six oil outlet holes 126 are provided. The second groove 125 can guide the oil, facilitating the guidance of the oil to the oil outlet holes 126.

[0115] To buffer the impact of the oil, the adjusting column 124 is positioned at the center of the support base 123; the bottom surface of the adjusting column 124 is provided with an inwardly recessed buffer groove 127; the buffer groove 127 is coaxial with the oil inlet chamber 23; the buffer groove 127 and the bottom surface of the adjusting column 124 are connected by a chamfer. The design of the buffer groove 127 allows the oil coming from the oil inlet chamber 23 to first enter the buffer groove 127, thus buffering the impact of the oil.

[0116] To ensure even oil flow, the oil outlet holes 126 are evenly distributed around the center of the support base 123; the projection of the oil outlet holes 126 on the horizontal plane partially coincides with the projection of the fourth ring 111 on the horizontal plane. The even distribution of the oil outlet holes 126 ensures stable and balanced oil flow; the partial overlap between the oil outlet holes 126 and the fourth ring 111 causes some of the oil flowing out of the oil outlet holes 126 to collide with the bottom surface of the fourth ring 111, while the remaining oil flows directly through the fourth ring 111, preventing excessive impact and ensuring more stable oil flow.

[0117] To ensure stable oil flow, the area of ​​the overlapping portion of the projections of the oil outlet 126 and the fourth ring 111 on the horizontal plane is greater than half the projected area of ​​the oil outlet 126 on the horizontal plane. Because the overlapping area of ​​the projections of the oil outlet 126 and the fourth ring 111 is large, most of the oil flowing from the oil outlet 126 will directly collide with the bottom surface of the fourth ring 111 and flow outwards, with only a small portion passing through the fourth ring 111, thus ensuring stable oil flow.

[0118] To ensure the reliability of the second groove 125, its sidewall is stepped, and the lower diameter of the second groove 125 is larger than the upper diameter. The second groove 125 and the bottom surface of the support base 123 are connected by a chamfer. Adjacent steps on the sidewall of the second groove 125 are connected by a slope. The stepped sidewall of the second groove 125, with a larger lower section and a smaller upper section, facilitates the flow of oil towards the oil outlet 126 and also facilitates the placement of the pilot spring 4.

[0119] To ensure stable oil flow, a second annular groove 1251 is provided on the bottom surface of the second groove 125. The outer wall of the second annular groove 1251 is connected to the side wall of the second groove 125; the inner wall of the second annular groove 1251 is inclined; and the bottom surface of the second annular groove 1251 is an arc surface. The design of the second annular groove 1251 can play a buffering role. Compared with the impact of a vertical plane, the oil on the bottom surface of the second groove 125 flows along the second annular groove 1251 to the side wall of the second groove 125, resulting in less impact, improving the stability of oil flow, and ensuring the overall stability of the valve core.

[0120] To ensure the reliability of the first oil passage 122, at least two slots 121 are provided between the upper valve core 11 and the lower valve core 12, forming the first oil passage 122 between adjacent slots 121. The slots 121 are connected to the lower valve core 12. Each slot 121 is wedge-shaped, with a higher outer side and a lower inner side. The projection of the upper valve core 11 on the horizontal plane completely covers the projection of the slot 121 on the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, eight slots 121 are provided. The outer surface of each slot 121 is on the same arc surface as the outer surface of the lower valve core 12. The wedge-shaped structure minimizes obstruction to the oil, ensuring stable oil flow. By adjusting the number of slots 121, the oil pressure can be adjusted when there is no current.

[0121] To ensure the reliability of the valve core mechanism 8, the valve core mechanism 8 includes a main valve core 81 and a main spring 82. The main spring 82 is disposed between the main valve core 81 and the pilot valve assembly 0. The main valve core 81 can move axially relative to the valve sleeve 6. The main valve core 81 is provided with a feedback chamber 811 and a second channel 812. The second channel 812 is located directly below the lower valve seat 22. The feedback chamber 811 is located on one end face of the main valve core 81. One end of the second channel 812 communicates with the feedback chamber 811, and the other end communicates with the second oil port 71. An annular spring 83 is provided between the main spring 82 and the pilot valve assembly 0. The elastic force of the spring 83 is less than that of the main spring 82. Because the spring 83 has a small elastic force, the opening pressure is small and the response speed is fast, making the entire valve core mechanism 8 more responsive, that is, the damping adjustment of the entire solenoid valve is more flexible and precise.

[0122] To ensure reliable connection of cylinder 5, the top of cylinder 5 is provided with an upper sealing cover 51 and a fixing ring 53. The cross-section of the fixing ring 53 is L-shaped after rotating 180°. A fixing groove 54 recessed towards the center is provided on the outer surface of cylinder 5. The horizontal edge of the fixing ring 53 abuts against the upper sealing cover 51, and part of the vertical edge of the fixing ring 53 is embedded in the fixing groove 54. The lower part of cylinder 5 is provided with a lower sealing cover 52, and the valve sleeve 6 is connected to cylinder 5 through the lower sealing cover 52. The lower sealing cover 52 is generally annular. A first thread 55 is provided on the inner side of cylinder 5, and a second thread 52 is provided on the outer diameter surface of the lower sealing cover 52. 1. The first thread 55 and the second thread 521 are engaged; the upper surface of the lower sealing cover 52 is provided with a third groove 522, and at least two third grooves 522 are provided, which can be used to rotate the lower sealing cover 52 by inserting a rod into the third groove 522, which facilitates the installation of the lower sealing cover 52 and the cylinder 5; the top of the magnetic tube 33 is provided with a third boss 332, and the bottom of the upper sealing cover 51 is provided with a limiting groove 511, and the third boss 332 is engaged with the limiting groove 511; the bottom of the magnetic tube 33 is provided with an outward third protruding ring 334, and the inner side of the lower sealing cover 52 is provided with a ring that engages with the third protruding ring 334. The fixing ring 53 is used to block the upper sealing cover 51 and prevent the upper sealing cover 51 from falling out. One side of the fixing ring 53 is press-fitted with the fixing groove 54, so that the fixing ring 53 and the cylinder 5 are completely fixed, and the fixing effect is firm; the lower sealing cover 52 is threadedly engaged with the cylinder 5, which makes the installation of the lower sealing cover 52 convenient. Compared to traditional designs, the lower sealing cover 52 eliminates the circumferential outer portion of the coil 32 and uses the cylinder 5 as part of the valve, saving materials and reducing weight.

[0123] In use, the oil enters through the second oil port 71. Part of the oil passes through the second channel 812, passes through the main valve core 81, and enters the feedback chamber 811. Then, it flows into the guide chamber 24 through the oil inlet 221 on the lower valve seat 22, and then passes through the oil outlet 126 on the lower valve core 12. When there is zero current, the oil can enter the gap oil passage 62 through the first oil passage 122, thereby reaching the outside of the valve sleeve 6. After the oil pressure increases, the oil pressure on the main valve core 81 will cause the main valve core 81 to move upward. The lower end of the main valve core 81 separates from the main valve seat 7, and the oil can flow out from between the lower end of the main valve core 81 and the main valve seat 7 and pass through the first oil port 61.

[0124] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure in any way. Although this disclosure has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit this disclosure. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this disclosure. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this disclosure without departing from the content of the technical solution of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic valve applied to a shock absorber, wherein, The solenoid valve includes an electromagnetic actuator (3), a pilot valve assembly (0), a valve sleeve (6), a main valve seat (7), and a valve core mechanism (8). The electromagnetic actuator (3), pilot valve assembly (0), valve sleeve (6), main valve seat (7), and valve core mechanism (8) are all located inside the cylinder (5). The valve sleeve (6) and the main valve seat (7) are interlocked. The valve sleeve (6) is connected to the cylinder (5). The valve sleeve (6) is provided with a first oil port (61), and the main valve seat (7) is provided with a second oil port (71). The valve core mechanism (8) is located inside the valve sleeve (6). The first oil port (61) changes its interception area by sliding the valve core mechanism (8). The pilot valve assembly (0) is located inside the valve core mechanism. At the top of the structure (8), the electromagnetic actuator (3) is set at the top of the pilot valve assembly (0); the electromagnetic actuator (3) includes a coil (32), a magnetic tube (33), a slider (34) and a push rod (31). The magnetic tube (33) is cylindrical, and the coil (32) is sleeved on the magnetic tube (33). The bottom of the magnetic tube (33) is provided with an inwardly recessed mounting groove (331). The slider (34) is slidably inserted into the mounting groove (331). The lower end of the slider (34) is connected to the upper end of the push rod (31). The highest point of the magnetic tube (33) is higher than the highest point of the coil (32), and the lowest point of the magnetic tube (33) is lower than the lowest point of the coil (32).

2. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein The slider (34) has a first through hole (341) at its center; the upper end of the slider (34) has a magnetic shield (35) connected to the top of the slider (34); the center of the magnetic shield (35) has a downwardly extending first boss (351) which fits with the first through hole (341); the first boss (351) has a through second through hole (352) which connects the first through hole (341) to the top of the magnetic shield (35).

3. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 2, wherein The magnetic shielding plate (35) is provided with an upwardly extending second protrusion (353); the top surface of the second protrusion (353) is an arc surface; the edge of the magnetic shielding plate (35) is provided with a first groove (354) recessed towards the center; the first through hole (341) includes an upper section (3411) and a lower section (3412), which are connected by a stepped surface (3413); the diameter of the lower section (3412) is larger than the diameter of the upper section (3411); the top of the push rod (31) is set on the lower section (3412); a gap (311) is provided between the part of the push rod (31) and the hole wall of the lower section (3412).

4. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein The pilot valve assembly (0) includes a pilot valve core (1), a pilot valve seat (2), and a pilot spring (4). The pilot spring (4) is located between the pilot valve core (1) and the pilot valve seat (2). The pilot valve seat (2) includes an upper valve seat (21) and a lower valve seat (22). The upper valve seat (21) is provided with an oil inlet chamber (23), and the lower valve seat (22) is disposed on the oil inlet chamber (23). The lower valve seat (22) is provided with an oil inlet hole (221). The upper valve seat (21) and the lower valve seat (22) are connected. The seats (22) are detachably connected; the pilot valve core (1) is provided with an adjusting column (124) and an oil outlet (126). The adjusting column (124) can move axially with the pilot valve core (1) to change the flow rate of the oil inlet chamber (23); a guide cavity (24) is provided between the adjusting column (124) and the oil inlet chamber (23). The guide cavity (24) is connected to the oil inlet chamber (23) and the oil outlet (126) respectively; the oil inlet (221) is connected to the oil inlet chamber (23).

5. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 4, wherein There are at least two oil inlet holes (221); the oil inlet holes (221) are evenly distributed around the center of the lower valve seat (22); the oil inlet chamber (23) includes a circular hole section (231) and a conical hole section (232) from top to bottom, the bottom of the circular hole section (231) and the top of the conical hole section (232) are connected by a circular arc transition, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical hole section (232) gradually increases from top to bottom; the diameter of the circular hole section (231) is not greater than the top diameter of the conical hole section (232).

6. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 4, wherein The pilot valve core (1) includes an upper valve core (11), a lower valve core (12), and a first oil passage (122) connecting the inner and outer sides of the pilot valve core (1). The lower valve core (12) can move axially relative to the upper valve core (11). The first oil passage (122) is located between the upper valve core (11) or the lower valve core (12) or between the upper valve core (11) and the lower valve core (12). When the upper valve core (11) and the lower valve core (12) are in contact, the first oil passage (122) is a passage. The valve sleeve (6) is provided with a gap oil passage (62). The gap oil passage (62) is connected to the first oil port (61), and the first oil passage (122) is connected to the gap oil passage (62).

7. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 6, wherein The upper valve core (11) includes a fourth ring (111) and a fifth ring (112) from bottom to top. The top of the fourth ring (111) is connected to the bottom of the fifth ring (112). The outer diameter of the fourth ring (111) is larger than the outer diameter of the fifth ring (112). The inner diameter of the fourth ring (111) and the inner diameter of the fifth ring (112) are the same. The lower valve core (12) includes a support seat (123). A second groove (125) is provided on the bottom surface of the support seat (123). The upper end of the adjusting column (124) is connected to the bottom surface of the second groove (125); the oil outlet (126) is set on the support base (123); there are at least two oil outlets (126); the adjusting column (124) is set at the center of the support base (123); the bottom surface of the adjusting column (124) is provided with an inwardly recessed buffer groove (127); the buffer groove (127) is coaxial with the oil inlet chamber (23); the buffer groove (127) and the bottom surface of the adjusting column (124) are connected by a chamfer transition.

8. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 6, wherein At least two slots (121) are provided between the upper valve core (11) and the lower valve core (12), and a first oil passage (122) is formed between adjacent slots (121); the slots (121) are connected to the lower valve core (12); the slots (121) are wedge-shaped with the outer side higher than the inner side; the projection of the upper valve core (11) on the horizontal plane completely covers the projection of the slots (121) on the horizontal plane.

9. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein The valve core mechanism (8) includes a main valve core (81) and a main spring (82). The main spring (82) is disposed between the main valve core (81) and the pilot valve assembly (0). The main valve core (81) can move axially relative to the valve sleeve (6). The main valve core (81) is provided with a feedback chamber (811) and a second channel (812). The feedback chamber (811) is disposed on one end face of the main valve core (81). One end of the second channel (812) is connected to the feedback chamber (811), and the other end is connected to the second oil port (71). An annular spring piece (83) is provided between the main spring (82) and the pilot valve assembly (0). The elastic force of the spring piece (83) is less than that of the main spring (82).

10. The electromagnetic valve according to claim 1, wherein The top of the cylinder (5) is provided with an upper sealing cover (51) and a fixing ring (53). The cross-section of the fixing ring (53) is L-shaped after rotating 180°. The outer surface of the cylinder (5) is provided with a fixing groove (54) that is recessed towards the center. The horizontal edge of the fixing ring (53) abuts against the upper sealing cover (51), and part of the vertical edge of the fixing ring (53) is embedded in the fixing groove (54). The lower part of the cylinder (5) is provided with a lower sealing cover (52). The valve sleeve (6) is connected to the cylinder (5) through the lower sealing cover (52). The lower sealing cover (52) is generally annular. The inner side of the cylinder (5) is provided with a first thread (55), and the outer diameter surface of the lower sealing cover (52) is provided with a second thread (521). The first thread (55) and the second thread (521) are engaged.

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