Solar panel separation apparatus and solar panel separation method

Abstract

Provided are a solar panel separation apparatus and separation method that enable a solar panel to be separated in a recyclable manner while minimizing damage to components. The solar panel separation apparatus comprises: a gripping unit for holding a solar panel comprising a transparent base layer, an adhesive layer bonded to the transparent base layer, and a solar cell layer laminated on the adhesive layer; a microwave irradiation unit for irradiating microwaves to at least one of the adhesive layer and the solar cell layer of the solar panel so as to heat the adhesive layer to a temperature equal to or higher than an adhesive modification temperature; and a separation unit for separating the transparent base layer from the solar panel in which the adhesive layer has been modified by the microwaves.

Description

Solar panel separation device and solar panel separation method

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar panel separation device and a separation method for separating waste solar panels into a recyclable form without crushing them.

[0002] Solar power generation is known to have advantages in applicability and efficiency among various alternative energy sources. Solar cells, the basic units of solar power generation, are integrated into flat panels, and since solar panels with integrated cells can be handled as modules, they can be applied to a wide variety of facilities.

[0003] These solar panels are collected and disposed of when they reach the end of their lifespan. In cases where power generation facilities are large in scale or area, a large number of aging panels may be disposed of at once. Traditionally, waste solar panels were processed by simply crushing or shredding them; however, since this is inefficient from a resource circulation perspective, processing methods that involve decomposing or separating them to enable recycling are recommended.

[0004] However, since solar panels consist of heterogeneous structures such as protective tempered glass (transparent substrate layer), solar cells, and encapsulating materials containing the cells (EVA layer, which also serves as an adhesive layer) that overlap and are bonded together, there is a problem in that it is difficult to decompose or separate them for recycling.

[0005] For example, a separation or peeling process is considered to separate tempered glass from waste solar panels without breaking it; however, it is difficult to cleanly detach the adhesive layer attached to the glass plate, and there is a high risk of damaging the glass plate during the process (pressure applied by blades, etc.). Other attempts, such as cutting methods (e.g., Korean Patent 10-2347986), have been made, but they are inefficient as they increase the number of steps and pose a risk of component damage. Therefore, the development of a more improved separation or peeling technology was necessary.

[0006] This invention was developed with the support of a national research and development project, and the information regarding the national research and development project supporting this invention is as follows.

[0007] Project ID: 2022003170

[0008] Project No.: 2022003170007

[0009] Ministry Name: Ministry of Environment

[0010] Project Management (Specialized) Agency Name: Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute

[0011] Research Project Name: Green Innovation Enterprise Growth Support Program (Commercialization)

[0012] Research Project Title: Development of Resource Recycling Process Technology for Waste Solar Panels and Technology Commercialization

[0013] Project Performing Organization Name: Wonkwang S&T Co., Ltd.

[0014] Research Period: April 1, 2022 – December 31, 2024

[0015] <Prior Art References>

[0016] (Patent Document 1) Korean Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2347986, (January 7, 2022)

[0017] The technical objective of the present invention is to solve these problems by providing a technology for separating waste solar panels so that they can be recycled, and in particular, to provide a solar panel separation device and a separation method capable of separating panels while minimizing damage to other parts by modifying the adhesive layer. Additionally, a method for separating double-sided solar panels in such a manner is also provided.

[0018] The technical problems of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned technical problems will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

[0019] A solar panel separation device according to the present invention comprises: a gripping unit for gripping a solar panel comprising a transparent substrate layer, an adhesive layer bonded to the transparent substrate layer, and a solar cell layer laminated on the adhesive layer; a microwave irradiation unit for irradiating at least one of the adhesive layer and the solar cell layer of the solar panel with microwaves to heat the temperature of the adhesive layer above the adhesive denaturation temperature; and a separation unit for separating the transparent substrate layer from the solar panel in which the adhesive layer is denatured by microwaves.

[0020] The above microwave irradiation unit can irradiate microwaves in the direction of the transparent substrate layer to dielectric heat the adhesive layer and simultaneously induction heat the solar cell layer.

[0021] The above separation unit separates the transparent substrate layer and the solar cell layer by passing the separation member through the modified adhesive layer, and the microwave irradiation unit can simultaneously heat the separation member inserted into the adhesive layer by at least one of the dielectric heating and the induction heating.

[0022] The above-mentioned separating member may include at least one of a wire saw, a blade, and a spray fluid sprayed from a nozzle.

[0023] The above microwave irradiation unit may include a microwave generator that generates microwaves and a microwave amplification module that distributes an electromagnetic field generated in response to the input microwaves around the solar cell layer.

[0024] The above microwave amplification module may include a microwave resonator.

[0025] The above solar panel is a double-sided solar panel having the adhesive layer and the transparent substrate layer formed on both sides with the solar cell layer in between, and the separation unit may include a pair of adsorption plates that adsorb the transparent substrate layers formed on both sides of the solar panel, and a driving unit that pulls the adsorption plates to separate the transparent substrate layers on both sides.

[0026] The above separation unit can separate the adhesive layer by twisting it with the rotational force of the suction plates by rotating a pair of the suction plates in opposite directions on a plane parallel to the transparent substrate layer using the driving unit.

[0027] The microwave irradiation unit can irradiate microwaves onto a local irradiation area of ​​the solar panel to heat the adhesive layer above the adhesive modification temperature, and at least one of the gripping unit and the microwave irradiation unit can move to continuously move the irradiation area along the solar panel.

[0028] A method for separating a solar panel according to the present invention comprises: (a) preparing a solar panel comprising a transparent substrate layer, an adhesive layer bonded to the transparent substrate layer, and a solar cell layer laminated on the adhesive layer; (b) irradiating at least one of the adhesive layer and the solar cell layer of the solar panel with microwaves to heat the temperature of the adhesive layer above the adhesive denaturation temperature; and (c) separating the transparent substrate layer from the solar panel in which the adhesive layer has been denatured by microwaves using a separating member.

[0029] In step (b) above, microwaves can be irradiated in the direction of the transparent substrate layer to dielectric heat the adhesive layer and simultaneously induction heat the solar cell layer.

[0030] The above step (c) separates the transparent substrate layer and the solar cell layer by passing the separating member through the modified adhesive layer, and simultaneously heats the separating member inserted into the adhesive layer by at least one of dielectric heating and induction heating.

[0031] The above-mentioned separating member may include at least one of a wire saw, a blade, and a spray fluid sprayed from a nozzle.

[0032] Another method for separating a solar panel according to the present invention may include: (a) preparing a double-sided solar panel comprising a transparent substrate layer, an adhesive layer bonded to the transparent substrate layer, and a solar cell layer laminated on the adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layer and the transparent substrate layer are formed on both sides with the solar cell layer in between; (b) irradiating at least one of the adhesive layer and the solar cell layer of the solar panel with microwaves to heat the temperature of the adhesive layer above the adhesive denaturation temperature; and (c) separating the transparent substrate layer from the solar panel in which the adhesive layer is denatured by microwaves, wherein the transparent substrate layers formed on both sides of the solar panel are separated by pulling them in opposite directions.

[0033] In step (c) above, the transparent substrate layers formed on both sides of the solar panel can be rotated in opposite directions to each other, and the adhesive layer can be separated by twisting it with rotational force.

[0034] According to the present invention, physical damage to recovered components (tempered glass, solar cell layer, backsheet layer, etc.) can be minimized during the processing of waste solar panels. Since the present invention allows for separation without applying excessive pressure to the glass plate by modifying and melting the adhesive layer that maintains the bonding of the solar panel, it effectively resolves problems such as glass plate breakage (caused by pressure from blades, cutting edges, etc.) that occurred during conventional solar panel processing. Furthermore, since it does not use an external heat source, the process is not only safe, but the device configuration is also simple, allowing for its application in various ways to suit different processes, thus offering high versatility. Additionally, by modifying and melting the adhesive layer, double-sided solar panels can be dismantled more effectively. Therefore, the present invention enables the safe recovery of tempered glass from waste solar panels and allows for improvements to the entire processing process.

[0035] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a solar panel separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 is a drawing showing the detailed structure of the microwave irradiation unit among the separation devices of Figure 1.

[0037] FIGS. 3 and 4 are drawings for explaining a method of separating waste solar panels using the microwave irradiation unit and separating member of FIG. 2.

[0038] Figure 5 is an operation diagram of the solar panel separator of Figure 1.

[0039] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a solar panel separator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 is an operation diagram illustrating another method of separating waste solar panels using the separation device of Figure 6.

[0041] FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a solar panel separation method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a solar panel separation method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] The advantages and features of the present invention and the methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but may be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided merely to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention, and the present invention is defined only by the claims. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same components.

[0044] Hereinafter, a solar panel separation device and a separation method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. First, the solar panel separation device of the present invention will be described in detail based on at least two embodiments, and then separation methods based thereon will be described.

[0045] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a solar panel separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the detailed structure of a microwave irradiation unit among the separation device of FIG. 1.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 1, the solar panel separation device (1) according to the present invention uses a microwave (B) to separate a waste solar panel (A) (hereinafter referred to as a solar panel). The microwave (B) is an electromagnetic wave within the range of approximately 0.3 to 300 GHz of frequency and is used to modify the adhesive layer (A2) of the solar panel (A). The microwave (B) is irradiated onto the adhesive layer (A2) through a transparent substrate layer (A1) (e.g., tempered glass) that allows electromagnetic waves to pass through, and can heat the temperature of the adhesive layer (A2) above the adhesive modification temperature (e.g., melting point).

[0047] At this time, two heating methods can be considered simultaneously. One is dielectric heating, which heats by penetrating microwaves (B) into the adhesive layer (A2), and the other is induction heating, which heats the metal layer [solar cell layer (A3)] through microwaves (B). Induction heating may be difficult to perform with microwaves in general, but it is possible and very useful under conditions where an electromagnetic field (especially a magnetic field) can be penetrated close to the metal layer using microwaves (conditions using a resonator, etc., as described later). Therefore, by utilizing both dielectric heating and / or induction heating by microwaves, the solar panel (A) in which the dielectric layer [adhesive layer (A2)] and the metal layer [solar cell layer (A3)] are bonded can be separated more effectively.

[0048] In other words, since the present invention is a method of separating the bonded area by heating the adhesive layer (A2) to melt it, pressure mechanisms such as blades, cutting blades, or scrapers that can damage the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be excluded or their use minimized. Therefore, problems such as the transparent substrate layer (A1) (e.g., tempered glass) frequently breaking during conventional peeling processes can be effectively resolved, and process improvements are possible by removing or reducing the use of pressure mechanisms.

[0049] Accordingly, the present invention also considers a separation unit (300) that acts on a modified adhesive layer (A2) to separate a transparent substrate layer (A1). Since the separation unit (300) acts on the adhesive layer (A2), which has substantially lost its adhesive strength by being heated above a modification temperature (e.g., melting point), to detach the transparent substrate layer (A1), it merely serves to separate the bonding surface and does not substantially apply pressure to the transparent substrate layer (A1). Therefore, various forms can be considered, and this will be explained through embodiments.

[0050] The solar panel separation device (1) of the present invention is configured as follows. The solar panel separation device (1) comprises: a gripping unit (100) for gripping a solar panel (A) including a transparent substrate layer (A1), an adhesive layer (A2) bonded to the transparent substrate layer (A1), and a solar cell layer (A3) laminated on the adhesive layer (A2); a microwave irradiation unit (200) for irradiating at least one of the adhesive layer (A2) and the solar cell layer (A3) of the solar panel (A) with microwaves to heat the temperature of the adhesive layer (A2) above the adhesive denaturation temperature; and a separation unit (300) for separating the transparent substrate layer (A1) from the solar panel (A) in which the adhesive layer (A2) has been denatured by microwaves.

[0051] In this embodiment, the microwave irradiation unit (200) can irradiate microwaves (B) in the direction of the transparent substrate layer (A1) to dielectric heat the adhesive layer (A2) and simultaneously induction heat the solar cell layer (A3). The separation unit (300) separates the transparent substrate layer (A1) and the solar cell layer (A3) by passing the separation member (310) through the modified adhesive layer (A2). The microwave irradiation unit (200) can simultaneously heat the separation member (310) inserted into the adhesive layer by at least one of dielectric heating and induction heating. That is, the separation member (310) can be applied as a dielectric and / or conductor to generate the effects of dielectric heating and / or induction heating in the separation member (310) as well. Therefore, the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be easily separated by the heat generated by the separation member (310).

[0052] To this end, the microwave irradiation unit (200) may include a microwave generator (see 210 in FIG. 2) that generates microwaves (B) and a microwave amplification module (see 220 in FIG. 2) that distributes an electromagnetic field [specifically, a magnetic field (see FIG. 2 C)] generated in response to the input microwaves (B) around the solar cell layer (A3). Accordingly, the magnetic field induced by the microwaves (B) generated from the microwave amplification module (220) can be applied to the metal layer and / or separator (310) to induce heating the metal layer [solar cell layer (A3)] and / or separator (310) by electromagnetic induction (in the case where the separator is a conductor).

[0053] In addition, at least a portion of the microwaves (B) may be directly penetrated into the adhesive layer (A2) and / or the separating member (310) to dielectrically heat the adhesive layer (A2) and / or the separating member (310) (if the separating member is a dielectric), so the heating effect can be amplified. Therefore, it is possible to dismantle the solar panel (A) by causing the adhesive layer (A2) to reach the degeneration temperature more quickly. Based on this embodiment of the present invention, the structure and effects of the present invention will be explained in more detail below.

[0054] First, referring to FIGS. 1 and FIGS. 2, the solar panel (A), which is the subject of processing of the present invention, is briefly described as follows. The solar panel (A) may be configured in the form of a rectangular panel by laminating a transparent substrate layer (A1), an adhesive layer (A2), a solar cell layer (A3), and a back sheet layer (A4). The transparent substrate layer (A1) may be tempered glass and may be placed on the front of the panel. The back sheet layer (A4) may be placed on the rear of the panel. The adhesive layer (A2) is commonly referred to as an EVA (Ethylene vinyl acetate) layer and may be a layer that wraps around and seals the solar cell layer (A3) and bonds it to the transparent substrate layer (A1) and the back sheet layer (A4). Therefore, if the adhesive layer (A2) is modified and melted, the entire solar panel (A) can be easily disassembled. The solar cell layer (A3) is a composite of a semiconductor and an electrode layer that generate photocurrent and can conduct current, so it can function as a metal layer (or conductor layer) capable of generating induced current.

[0055] The solar panel may also be a double-sided panel (see A-1 in FIG. 6) in which a transparent substrate layer is formed on both sides, and even in such a case, the adhesive layer (A2) and the solar cell layer (A3) are formed identically, so the present invention can be applied. The method of separating the double-sided panel (A-1) will be explained in more detail in another embodiment described later.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 1, a gripping unit (100) is installed to secure a solar panel (A). The gripping unit (100) may have the function of securing the solar panel (A) to a dismantled position or moving it to adjust its position. Within such limits, the gripping unit (100) can be modified in various ways and is not limited to the drawing. For example, the gripping unit (100) may include a pusher (110) that pushes the solar panel (A) in the longitudinal direction and a guide part (120) that supports the solar panel (A) so that it can move. The guide part (120) may be formed with a roller, etc., and other guide structures such as a guide bar are also possible.

[0057] This gripping unit (100) is just one example and can be modified into various other forms. For example, the gripping unit (100) may have one or more of the following applied: a fixed and / or movable table structure, a conveyor structure, a fixed and / or movable arm structure capable of gripping a solar panel with a clamp or suction part. The gripping unit (100) is not limited to a specific structure.

[0058] The microwave irradiation unit (200) may be positioned adjacent to the gripping unit (100). The microwave irradiation unit (200) is formed in a suitable shape capable of irradiating microwaves (B) toward the solar panel (A), and its position or shape may be variable. For example, the microwave irradiation unit (200) may have a rectangular structure that is long in the width direction of the solar panel (A) and may irradiate microwaves (B) while moving relative to the solar panel (A) in the length direction of the solar panel (A) (see FIG. 5). In such a case, the microwave irradiation unit (200) may also include a driving unit (not shown) capable of position adjustment. Since the microwave irradiation unit (200) can also be modified in various ways, the drawings are exemplary.

[0059] For example, the microwave irradiation unit (200) may have a structure in which a plurality of module parts (202) are assembled in a holder (201). The module parts (202) may be unit bodies capable of microwave (B) irradiation and may be configured so that their number and arrangement can be changed as needed. By applying a unit structure such as these module parts (202), the total irradiation range and amount of microwave (B) can be easily adjusted. Although it is not limited thereto, the detailed configuration of the microwave irradiation unit (200) is described below using such a module part (202) structure as an example. The detailed configuration of the microwave irradiation unit (200) will be described in detail later.

[0060] The separation unit (300) is formed to separate the transparent substrate layer (A1) from the solar panel (A) in which the adhesive layer (A2) has been modified by microwaves (B). Since the separation unit (300) separates the transparent substrate layer (A1) from the adhesive layer (A2) that has been modified and lost its adhesive strength, it does not necessarily need to include a sharp structure such as a knife blade or a cutting edge. Therefore, it can be modified into various shapes. For example, the separation unit (300) may include a separation member (310) that passes through the modified adhesive layer (A2).

[0061] The separating member (310) passes through the modified and fluid adhesive layer (A2) and can be used to dismantle the adhesive layer (A2). The separating member (310) is not limited to a solid and may be a fluid, etc. For example, the separating member (310) may include at least one of a wire saw, a blade, or a spray fluid sprayed from a nozzle (not shown), and may use one or more of these in combination. However, in this embodiment, a separating member (310) in the form of a wire saw is shown as one example.

[0062] For example, when a separating member is applied as a spray fluid (not shown), a nozzle structure (not shown) for spraying the corresponding fluid may be formed in the separating unit (300). The nozzle may be finely machined and may spray the fluid at high speed to the end. The fluid does not need to be limited to components, etc., as long as it allows for the dismantling of the modified adhesive layer (A2). For example, multiple nozzles may be formed at appropriate locations around the solar panel (A) to spray the fluid between the bonding surfaces. In this way, the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be easily separated even through a separating member in the form of a fluid.

[0063] Since the separating member (310) can be implemented in various materials such as conductors and / or dielectrics, it is possible to apply microwaves to the separating member (310) to perform dielectric heating and / or induction heating as described below. Below, the detailed configuration and effects of the microwave irradiation unit (200) that irradiates microwaves will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0064] FIGS. 3 and 4 are drawings for explaining a method of separating waste solar panels using the microwave irradiation unit and separating member of FIG. 2.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 2, the module portion (202) of the microwave irradiation unit (see 200 in FIG. 1) may include a microwave generator (210) and a microwave amplification module (220). The microwave generator (210) generates microwaves (B) and provides them to the solar panel (A), and the microwave amplification module (220) can distribute an electromagnetic field [specifically, a magnetic field (C)] generated in response to the input microwaves (B) around the solar cell layer (A3). By continuously arranging such a structure in the width direction of the solar panel (A), dielectric and induction heating by microwaves can be generated simultaneously throughout the entire width direction of the solar panel (A).

[0066] The microwave generator (210) can have various structures capable of generating and / or radiating microwaves (B). In this embodiment, a microwave generator (210) with a radiating antenna structure is exemplified, but other structures (e.g., other types of radiating antennas and / or antenna composites and / or waveguide structures capable of transmitting and radiating microwaves, etc.) can also be selected and / or applied in combination as long as they are capable of generating and / or radiating microwaves (B).

[0067] A microwave irradiation unit (see 200 in FIG. 1) irradiates microwaves (B) in the direction of the transparent substrate layer (A1) of a solar panel (A) using such a microwave generator (210). Thus, microwaves (B) can easily penetrate into the solar panel (A) through the transparent substrate layer (A1) (e.g., tempered glass) that allows electromagnetic waves to pass through. The microwave generator (210) can adjust or expand the microwave (B) irradiation range by modifying its structure or shape, or by overlapping one or more of them (in each module).

[0068] The microwave amplification module (220) receives the microwave (B) and can distribute the fluctuating electromagnetic field [specifically, magnetic field (C)] generated in response to the microwave (B) around the solar cell layer (A3). The microwave amplification module (220) can be excited by the excitation of the microwave to perform this function and can be formed to include a microwave resonator capable of such function. More preferably, the microwave amplification module (220) can be formed as a dielectric resonator (221) that absorbs the microwave (B) by dielectric resonance and generates a corresponding electromagnetic field, and thus, when the microwave (B) is incident, it resonates (e.g., polar molecule resonance caused by the electromagnetic field oscillation of the microwave) and can distribute the electromagnetic field to the interior and surrounding regions. At this time, the electric field generated by resonance is generally located inside the resonator, and the magnetic field (C) can exist in a loop shape around the dielectric resonator (221), so the magnetic field (C) can be effectively applied to the solar cell layer (A3), which is a metal layer, through the dielectric resonator (221) (see FIG. 4).

[0069] In addition, since the magnetic field (C) exists in a loop shape around the dielectric resonator (221), it can also interact with the separating member (310) at an appropriate point. In the case of the separating member (310) made of a metal wire saw as in this embodiment, it can be induced heated by the magnetic field (C) while passing through the adhesive layer (A2) or before (see FIG. 2 and FIG. 3).

[0070] At this time, the electromagnetic field around the dielectric resonator (221) can be influenced in various ways by the shape, structure, dielectric constant, number or arrangement of the resonators, etc., and the resonance characteristics, etc., can also vary depending on the material of the dielectric resonator (221). Therefore, the material, shape, structure, arrangement, etc. of the dielectric resonator (221) can be varied in various ways to be advantageous for resonance by microwaves (B) (the shape in the drawing is an example thereof). In addition, it is possible to adjust the frequency of the microwaves (B) accordingly, so the two can be mutually adjusted to generate an appropriate electromagnetic field. Preferably, the dielectric resonator (221) can be made of a dielectric material with a dielectric constant value of 10 or more.

[0071] With this configuration, the microwave irradiation unit (see 200 in FIG. 1) can modify the adhesive layer (A2) as follows. Referring to FIG. 4, when microwaves (B) are generated from the microwave generator (210), the microwaves (B) can be irradiated in a radial manner toward the transparent substrate layer (A1). At this time, at least a portion of the microwaves (B) penetrate the transparent substrate layer (A1) without interfering with obstacles and directly penetrate the adhesive layer (A2). Thus, the electric field of the microwaves (B) can vibrate the polar molecules of the adhesive layer (A2) to dielectric heat the adhesive layer (A2). Therefore, the adhesive layer (A2) generates heat on its own due to the dielectric heating of the microwaves.

[0072] At the same time, another portion of the microwave (B) is incident on the microwave amplification module (220) formed by the aforementioned dielectric resonator (221), generating an electromagnetic field that fluctuates around it due to dielectric resonance. At this time, the magnetic field (C), which is expanded in space in a loop shape, fluctuates in a state parallel to the solar cell layer (A3), which is a metal layer (this can also be based on boundary conditions at the conductor interface), and induces a current, so heat generation (Joule heating due to induced current) is generated in the solar cell layer (A3), which is a metal layer, due to electromagnetic induction. That is, the dielectric heating of the adhesive layer (A2) and the induction heating of the solar cell layer (A3) overlap, so the temperature of the adhesive layer (A2) can rise rapidly.

[0073] As a result, the adhesive layer (A2) is heated very easily above the adhesive modification temperature (e.g., melting point) when microwave irradiated. That is, since dielectric heating of the adhesive layer (A2) and induction heating of the solar cell layer (A3) can be generated simultaneously using microwaves (B), heat (D) can be concentrated on the adhesive layer (A2) to melt and remove the adhesive layer (A2) by heat. Through this, not only can the adhesive layer (A2) between the transparent substrate layer (A1) and the solar cell layer (A3) be easily dismantled, but the adhesive layer (A2) between the back sheet layer (A4) and the solar cell layer (A3), which is difficult for microwaves (B) to penetrate directly, can also be melted by the effect of induction heating.

[0074] When the adhesive layer (A2) is modified in this manner, the separating member (310) can pass through the adhesive layer (A2) as in FIGS. 3 and 4, and separate the transparent substrate layer (A1) from the solar panel (A) in which the adhesive layer (A2) has been modified. For example, as described later, when the microwave irradiation unit (see 200 in FIG. 5) moves relative to the solar panel (A), the separating member (310) can also move relative to the solar panel (A) and pass through the adhesive layer (A2). As mentioned above, since the metal separating member (310) is capable of induction heating, the adhesive layer (A2) can be easily disassembled by the heat of the separating member (310).

[0075] In addition, as described above, even if the separation member (310) is formed as a dielectric, dielectric heating by direct penetration of microwaves (B) is possible, so the separation member (310) can generate heat. Since the aforementioned spray fluid, etc., can also be included in the dielectric, the separation member (310) can be heated simultaneously by at least one of dielectric heating and induction heating for various embodiments of the separation member (310). Therefore, the heated separation member (310) can be passed more easily through the adhesive layer (A2), and the transparent substrate layer (A1) can also be separated more easily by dismantling the adhesive layer (A2) with the separation member (310) (see FIG. 6).

[0076] Referring to FIG. 4, this operation can be carried out by moving the solar panel (A) and the microwave irradiation unit (see 200 in FIG. 1) relative to each other. Thus, a heated and melted adhesive layer (A2) can be created over the entire solar panel (A), and the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be easily separated from the solar panel (A) with the adhesive layer (A2) modified in this way using a separating member (310). That is, the microwave irradiation unit (200) [module part (202) in the drawing] can irradiate microwaves (B) to a local irradiation area of ​​the solar panel (A) to heat the adhesive layer (A2) above the adhesive modification temperature, and at least one of the gripping unit (see 100 in FIG. 1) and the microwave irradiation unit (200) can move to continuously move the irradiation area along the solar panel (A). Through this process, the adhesive layer over the entire long solar panel (A) can also be effectively melted. Hereinafter, an application example of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 5.

[0077] Figure 5 is an operation diagram of the solar panel separator of Figure 1.

[0078] In FIG. 5, the solar panel separation device (1) of FIG. 1 is shown in a side view. As described above, the microwave irradiation unit (200) may have a rectangular structure that is long in the width direction of the solar panel (A) and may irradiate microwaves (B) while moving relative to the solar panel (A) in the length direction of the solar panel (A). At this time, the irradiation area where microwaves (B) are irradiated [which also overlaps with the area where the magnetic field (see C in FIG. 4) is distributed] may be a local area of ​​the solar panel (A), but the irradiation area may be continuously moved to the entire solar panel (A) by moving at least one of the gripping unit (100) and the microwave irradiation unit (200).

[0079] For example, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the microwave irradiation unit (200) can be fixed and the pusher (110) of the gripping unit (100) can be pushed to move the solar panel (A), or as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the gripping unit (100) can be fixed and the microwave irradiation unit (200) can be moved to change the relative position of the microwave irradiation unit (200) with respect to the solar panel (A). Even if the microwave irradiation unit (200) is formed in such a way that microwaves (B) are irradiated in a local area, the adhesive layer (see A2 in FIG. 1) on the front surface of the solar panel (A) can be modified by changing the relative position with respect to the solar panel (A) and continuously moving the irradiation point.

[0080] At this time, the separation member (310) (e.g., wire saw) of the separation unit (see 300 in FIG. 1) can also move relative to the solar panel (A) to separate the transparent substrate layer (A1). The separation member (310) can be positioned adjacent to the microwave irradiation unit (200) at a point where it can be inserted into the adhesive layer (see A2 in FIG. 1) and can move in synchronization with the microwave irradiation unit (200). That is, as in FIG. 5 (a), the separation member (310) can be fixed when the microwave irradiation unit (200) is fixed and the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be separated while moving the solar panel (A), or as in FIG. 5 (b), the gripping unit (100) can be fixed and the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be separated while moving the microwave irradiation unit (200) and the separation member (310).

[0081] Since the adhesive layer (A2) that has been modified and melted has its adhesive force removed and can be easily disassembled or removed, the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be separated very easily with the separating member (310). When the adhesive layer (A2) is heated above the adhesive modification temperature and melts, the interlayer bonding is substantially released, so the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be separated more easily. In addition, the remaining layers, such as the solar cell layer (see A3 in FIG. 1) and the back sheet layer (see A4 in FIG. 1), can also be easily separated in substantially the same way, so the waste solar panel (A) can be conveniently disassembled using microwaves in this way.

[0082] Hereinafter, a solar panel separation device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In this other embodiment of the present invention, a structure relating to a double-sided solar panel (hereinafter referred to as a double-sided panel) is considered. Since the remaining details are substantially the same as those of the previously described embodiment, a repetitive description of the previously described parts will be omitted, and the differences will be explained in detail.

[0083] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a solar panel separation device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an operation diagram illustrating another method of separating waste solar panels using the separation device of FIG. 6.

[0084] Referring to FIG. 6, a solar panel separation device (1-1) according to another embodiment of the present invention illustrates a different form of a separation unit (300) that effectively separates a double-sided panel (A-1) (a double-sided solar panel). Other components and effects, such as a gripping unit (100) and a microwave irradiation unit (200), are substantially the same as those of the previously described embodiment, so the description thereof is replaced by the previously described description.

[0085] Referring to FIG. 6, the double-sided panel (A-1) can be formed, for example, with a solar cell layer (A3) formed in the middle and an adhesive layer (A2) and a transparent substrate layer (A1) symmetrically stacked on both sides. Since the double-sided transparent substrate layer (A1) is stacked in two layers on both sides of the panel in this manner, it is possible to simultaneously degrade the adhesive layer (A2) using a microwave irradiation unit (200) and then separate the double-sided transparent substrate layer (A1) at the same time.

[0086] That is, the solar panel considered in the present invention includes a double-sided solar panel [i.e., double-sided panel (A-1)] in which an adhesive layer (A2) and a transparent substrate layer (A1) are formed on both sides with a solar cell layer (A3) in between, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 6. In such a case, the separation unit (300) may be formed in a form that includes a pair of adsorption plates (320) that adsorb the transparent substrate layers (A1) formed on both sides of the solar panel [i.e., double-sided panel (A-1)] respectively, and a driving unit (330) that pulls the adsorption plates (320) to separate the transparent substrate layers (A1) on both sides.

[0087] The separation unit (300) may include the aforementioned separation member (310) and may form a pair of separation members (310) (e.g., wire saw) suitable for a double-sided panel and pass them through each adhesive layer (A2). Preferably, the entire structure may be adjusted so that the double-sided panel (A-1) and the separation member (310) are positioned vertically to facilitate double-sided separation. However, since this arrangement may change, it is not necessary to limit it to an example.

[0088] The suction plate (320) may be, for example, a rectangular plate-like structure having a suction surface with an area corresponding to that of the transparent substrate layer (A1). A plurality of suction holes may be formed on the suction surface (the surface in contact with the transparent substrate layer) of the suction plate (320), and the edges may be finished with a sealing member or the like to prevent leakage of negative pressure. Although not shown, a negative pressure device (e.g., a negative pressure pump and suction pipe, etc.—not shown) that generates negative pressure may be connected to one side of the suction plate (320) to generate sufficient negative pressure from the suction holes on the suction surface. The suction plate (320) of FIG. 6 is a simplified example of such a suction plate.

[0089] The suction plate (320) can be placed at a suitable point to grip the double-sided panel (A-1) after the adhesive layer (A2) has been modified. For example, the position of the suction plate may be at the rear end of the microwave irradiation unit. However, in another embodiment, the placement of the suction plate (320) may be changed, and the placement, shape, number, etc. of the microwave irradiation unit (200) may be adjusted so that there is no interference with the suction plate (320), so the structure can be modified in various ways as needed.

[0090] The suction plate (320) can be operated by a driving unit (330). The driving unit (330) may be formed, for example, as an arm capable of telescopic movement and rotation, and may be coupled to the central part of the suction plate (320). However, this is not limited to this, and the driving unit (330) may also be modified into any other form as long as the operation described later is possible.

[0091] With this configuration, the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be separated from the double-sided panel (A-1) all at once as follows. Referring to FIG. 7 (a), first, the adhesive layer (see A2 in FIG. 6) is heated above the modification temperature using a microwave irradiation unit (200). For example, as described above, the double-sided panel (A-1) can be moved with a gripping unit (100) while locally irradiating microwaves (see B in FIG. 6) to heat and melt the adhesive layer (see A2 in FIG. 6) of the entire double-sided panel (A-1) above the modification temperature (e.g., melting point). At this time, the separation member (310) can also be passed through the adhesive layer (A2) to form a state where the separation of the transparent substrate layer (A1) is easier (however, the separation member is not essential at this time, and separation may be possible with only the suction plate if the adhesive layer is sufficiently melted).

[0092] As illustrated, the suction plate (320) can grasp the double-sided panel (A-1) on both sides in which the adhesive layer (A2) has been modified (i.e., passed through the microwave irradiation unit). At this time, the driving unit (330) can simultaneously bring the suction plate (320) to opposite sides of the double-sided panel (A-1) to suction the transparent substrate layers (A1) on both sides with the suction plate (320). Such a state is illustrated in FIG. 7 (a).

[0093] Afterward, as shown in Fig. 7 (b), the driving unit (330) can pull the suction plates (320) in opposite directions to separate the transparent substrate layers (A1) on both sides at once. At this time, the driving unit (330) can pull the suction plates in a direction away from each other while simultaneously rotating the suction plates in opposite directions. That is, as illustrated, a pair of suction plates (320) can be rotated in opposite directions on a plane parallel to the transparent substrate layer (A1), and the adhesive layer (see A2 in Fig. 6) can be twisted and separated by the rotational force of the suction plates (320). As described above, since the adhesive layer (A2) is sufficiently melted above the transformation temperature by dielectric heating and induction heating, it is also possible to separate the transparent substrate layers (A1) on both sides at once by applying a torque that rotates the bonding surfaces in opposite directions. At this time, the remaining residue (solar cell layer, etc.) can fall between the adsorption plates (320) and be automatically discharged, making it easier to separate and discharge the transparent substrate layer (A1) and the remaining parts. In this way, the double-sided panel can also be conveniently disassembled.

[0094] Hereinafter, a method for separating a solar panel according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. Since the method for separating a solar panel according to the present invention may utilize the aforementioned solar panel separation device, details regarding the configuration of the device will be referred to in the aforementioned description. Hereinafter, the description of the method will proceed by referring to other drawings together with the flowcharts of FIGS. 8 and 9.

[0095] FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a solar panel separation method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0096] Referring to FIG. 8, one form of the separation method is first described. One form of the separation method utilizes the aforementioned separation member, and thus the device configuration may refer to the solar panel separation device (1) according to the aforementioned embodiment. Referring to FIG. 8, the solar panel separation method according to the present invention includes the following steps.

[0097] First, a solar panel (see A in FIG. 1) is prepared, comprising a transparent substrate layer (see A1 in FIG. 1), an adhesive layer bonded to the transparent substrate layer (see A2 in FIG. 1), and a solar cell layer laminated on the adhesive layer (see A3 in FIG. 1) [Step S100-(a)]. Since the prepared solar panel is a waste solar panel and is identical to the solar panel described above, the relevant details are described above.

[0098] Subsequently, microwaves (see B in Fig. 4) are irradiated onto at least one of the adhesive layer (see A2 in Fig. 4) and the solar cell layer (see A3 in Fig. 4) of the solar panel to heat the adhesive layer to a temperature above the adhesive modification temperature [Step S200-(b)]. This step can be performed using the aforementioned microwave irradiation unit (see 200 in Fig. 1), and the microwaves (B) can be irradiated using a microwave generator (see 210 in Fig. 4). As this has also been described above, refer to the above description for related details.

[0099] In particular, when heating the adhesive layer [i.e., in step (b)], microwaves (see B in FIG. 4) can be irradiated in the direction of the transparent substrate layer (see A1 in FIG. 4) to dielectric heat the adhesive layer (A2) and simultaneously inductively heat the solar cell layer (A3). Therefore, the temperature of the adhesive layer (A2) rises rapidly above the denaturation temperature due to the effect of overlapping heating. This is also as described above.

[0100] That is, as described above, at least a portion of the microwave (B) can be input into a microwave amplification module (see 220 in FIG. 4) to distribute the electromagnetic field [specifically, a magnetic field (see C in FIG. 4)] generated in response to the input microwave around the solar cell layer (A3). Through this, the solar cell layer (A3) can be inductively heated by electromagnetic induction, and at the same time, the adhesive layer (A2) can be dielectrically heated by the penetration of the microwave (B). At this time, the microwave amplification module (220) may include the aforementioned microwave resonator, and the microwave resonator may be formed by including a dielectric resonator (see 221 in FIG. 4) made of a dielectric material having a dielectric constant value of 10 or more. Through this, dielectric heating and induction heating can be performed more effectively simultaneously. Since the relevant details have been described above, please refer to the description above for specific details.

[0101] In this step [i.e., step (b)], as described above, a microwave irradiation area is formed locally on the solar panel (see A in FIG. 5), and processing can be performed by moving at least one of the microwave irradiation unit (see 200 in FIG. 5) and the solar panel (A). That is, microwaves (see B in FIG. 5) are irradiated onto the local irradiation area of ​​the solar panel to heat the adhesive layer above the adhesive denaturation temperature, and processing can be performed by moving at least one of the microwave irradiation unit (200) and the solar panel (A) to continuously move the irradiation area along the solar panel. Therefore, as described above, even if a microwave irradiation area is formed locally, the entire adhesive layer of the solar panel can be heated to dismantle the solar panel. When moving, as described above, the microwave irradiation unit (200) can be moved, and the gripping unit (see 100 in FIG. 5) that grips the solar panel can be moved, so the entire adhesive layer can be denatured by moving them relatively. As this has also been explained above, please refer to the aforementioned explanation for specific details.

[0102] Afterward, the transparent substrate layer (see A1 in FIG. 3) is separated from the solar panel in which the adhesive layer has been modified by microwaves using a separating member (see 310 in FIG. 3) [Step S300-(c)]. This step can be performed almost simultaneously with the modification of the adhesive layer (see A2 in FIG. 3). That is, as described above, it is possible to separate the transparent substrate layer (see A1 in FIG. 5) with the separating member simultaneously with the modification of the adhesive layer by placing the microwave irradiation unit (see 200 in FIG. 5) and the separating member (see 310 in FIG. 5) adjacently and moving the solar panel (A) relatively.

[0103] In particular, in this step [transparent substrate layer separation step - (c)], the separating member (see 310 in FIG. 3) inserted into the adhesive layer (A2) can be heated simultaneously by at least one of dielectric heating and induction heating, so the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be separated more easily by the heated separating member (310). As described above, the separating member may include at least one of a spray fluid sprayed from a wire saw, a blade, or a nozzle, and can be passed through the adhesive layer in a heated state by dielectric heating and / or induction heating according to the material characteristics, so the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be effectively separated by heating the separating member. Since this has also been described above, specific details refer to the description above.

[0104] In this way, microwaves can be irradiated onto the solar panel, and the transparent substrate layer can be easily separated using a separating member. Since the interlayer bond is substantially released when the adhesive layer (A2) is heated above the adhesive modification temperature and melts, the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be separated by applying various types of separating members. Furthermore, when using a separating member, microwaves are applied to generate heat in the separating member through dielectric heating and / or induction heating, thereby doubling the separation effect. At this time, the process is safe as no external heat source is used, and since the heating effect is concentrated on the adhesive layer, the adhesive layer can be modified and dismantled very quickly. In this manner, the solar panel can be easily dismantled using a separating member along with the modification of the adhesive layer.

[0105] FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a solar panel separation method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0106] Hereinafter, another form of the separation method is described with reference to FIG. 9. The other form of the separation method takes into account the aforementioned double-sided solar panel (i.e., double-sided panel), and thus the device configuration may refer to the solar panel separation device (1-1) according to the other embodiment described above. The solar panel separation method according to another form of the present invention includes the following steps.

[0107] First, a double-sided solar panel [i.e., a double-sided panel (A-1 in Fig. 6)] is prepared, comprising a transparent substrate layer (see A1 in Fig. 6), an adhesive layer bonded to the transparent substrate layer (see A2 in Fig. 6), and a solar cell layer laminated on the adhesive layer (see A3 in Fig. 6), wherein the adhesive layer (A2) and the transparent substrate layer (A1) are formed on both sides with the solar cell layer (A3) in between [step S100-(a)]. Since the prepared solar panel is a waste solar panel and is identical to the double-sided panel described above, the relevant details are described above.

[0108] Subsequently, microwaves (see B in Fig. 4) are irradiated onto at least one of the adhesive layer (see A2 in Fig. 4) and the solar cell layer (see A3 in Fig. 4) of the solar panel to heat the adhesive layer to a temperature above the adhesive modification temperature [Step S200-(b)]. This step can be performed using the aforementioned microwave irradiation unit (see 200 in Fig. 6), and when heating the adhesive layer, microwaves (see B in Fig. 4) can be irradiated in the direction of the transparent substrate layer (see A1 in Fig. 4) to dielectric heat the adhesive layer (A2) and simultaneously inductively heat the solar cell layer (A3). Therefore, the temperature of the adhesive layer (A2) rapidly rises above the modification temperature due to the effect of overlapping heating. Since this is also as described above, specific details are to be referred to in the description above.

[0109] At this time, microwave irradiation units (see 200 in FIG. 6) may be installed on both sides to increase the dielectric heating effect on the adhesive layer (A2) of the double-sided panel (see A-1 in FIG. 6). However, such an arrangement is merely optional because the adhesive layers (A2) on both sides are heated simultaneously due to the induction heating of the solar cell layer (see A3 in FIG. 6). As described above, the arrangement, structure, number, etc. of the microwave irradiation units can be changed and applied as needed.

[0110] Afterward, the transparent substrate layer (see A1 in FIG. 7) is separated from the solar panel [i.e., the double-sided panel (A-1 in FIG. 6)] in which the adhesive layer has been modified by microwaves, by pulling the transparent substrate layers (A1) formed on both sides of the solar panel to opposite sides [step S300-(c)]. This separation can be performed using an adsorption plate (see 320 in FIG. 7) as described above, and the position of the adsorption plate can be adjusted using a driving unit (see 330 in FIG. 7) that drives the adsorption plate (320). Since the adsorption plate has also been described above, specific details are to be referred to in the description above.

[0111] Depending on the process, this separation step can be performed almost simultaneously with the modification of the adhesive layer (see A2 in FIG. 6). That is, as described above, immediately after passing through the microwave irradiation unit (see 200 in FIG. 6), the double-sided panel (A-1) is adsorbed onto the adsorption plate (see 320 in FIG. 7), and the transparent substrate layer (A1) can be separated all at once by moving the adsorption plate (320) in opposite directions and pulling them to opposite sides. Telescopic movement of the driving unit (330) may be required when pulling to opposite sides.

[0112] At this time [transparent substrate layer separation step - (c) step], as shown in (b) of FIG. 7, the transparent substrate layers (A1) formed on both sides of the solar panel [i.e., double-sided panel] can be rotated in opposite directions to each other, and the adhesive layer (see A2 in FIG. 6) can be twisted and separated by rotational force. During rotation, rotational movement of the aforementioned driving unit (330) may be required. That is, as described above, since the adhesive layer (A2) is sufficiently melted above the transformation temperature by dielectric heating and induction heating, the transparent substrate layers (A1) on both sides can be separated at once by using torque that rotates the bonding surfaces in opposite directions. At this time, the remaining residue (solar cell layer, etc.) falls and is automatically discharged, so the separation and discharge of the transparent substrate layer (A1) and the remaining parts can be processed more easily.

[0113] In this way, double-sided panels can also be disassembled very conveniently by modifying the adhesive layer and simultaneously separating the transparent substrate layers (e.g., tempered glass) on both sides. That is, since the adhesive force is substantially removed after the adhesive layer is modified, the transparent substrate layers on both sides can be separated more effectively by applying various methods, such as torque. In this manner, double-sided panels can also be disassembled very conveniently.

[0114] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the attached drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention may be implemented in other specific forms without changing its technical concept or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not restrictive.

[0115] [Explanation of the symbol]

[0116] 1, 1-1: Solar panel separator 100: Grip unit

[0117] 110: Pusher 120: Guide section

[0118] 200: Microwave irradiation unit 201: Holder

[0119] 202: Module section 210: Microwave generator

[0120] 220: Microwave amplifier module 221: Dielectric resonator

[0121] 300: Separation unit 310: Separation member

[0122] 320: Suction cup 330: Driving unit

[0123] A: Solar panel A-1: ​​Double-sided panel

[0124] A1: Transparent substrate layer A2: Adhesive layer

[0125] A3: Solar cell layer A4: Backsheet layer

[0126] B: Microwave C: Magnetic field

[0127] D: Heat

[0128] This invention enables separation of a glass plate without applying excessive pressure by modifying and melting the adhesive layer that maintains the bonding of the solar panel. This effectively resolves problems such as glass plate breakage (caused by pressure from blades, cutting edges, etc.) that occurred during conventional solar panel processing. Consequently, physical damage to recovered components (tempered glass, solar cell layers, backsheet layers, etc.) during waste solar panel processing can be minimized, allowing for improvements to the overall processing method and demonstrating high potential for industrial application.

Claims

1. A gripping unit for gripping a solar panel comprising a transparent substrate layer, an adhesive layer bonded to the transparent substrate layer, and a solar cell layer laminated on the adhesive layer; A microwave irradiation unit that irradiates microwaves to at least one of the adhesive layer and the solar cell layer of the solar panel to heat the temperature of the adhesive layer above the adhesive modification temperature; and A solar panel separation device comprising a separation unit for separating the transparent substrate layer from the solar panel in which the adhesive layer is modified by microwaves.

2. In Paragraph 1, The above microwave irradiation unit is, A solar panel separator that irradiates microwaves in the direction of the transparent substrate layer to dielectric heat the adhesive layer and simultaneously induction heat the solar cell layer.

3. In Paragraph 2, The above separation unit separates the transparent substrate layer and the solar cell layer by passing a separating member through the modified adhesive layer. The above microwave irradiation unit is a solar panel separator that simultaneously heats the separating member inserted into the adhesive layer in at least one of the dielectric heating and the induction heating methods.

4. In Paragraph 3, The above-mentioned separating member is a solar panel separating device comprising at least one of a wire saw, a blade, and a spray fluid sprayed from a nozzle.

5. In Paragraph 3, The above microwave irradiation unit is, A microwave generator that generates microwaves, and A solar panel separation device comprising a microwave amplification module that distributes an electromagnetic field generated in response to an input microwave around the solar cell layer.

6. In Paragraph 5, The above microwave amplification module is a microwave solar panel separation device including a microwave resonator.

7. In Paragraph 1, The above solar panel is a double-sided solar panel in which the adhesive layer and the transparent substrate layer are formed on both sides with the solar cell layer in between. The above separation unit is a solar panel separation device comprising a pair of adsorption plates that adsorb the transparent substrate layers formed on both sides of the solar panel, and a driving unit that pulls the adsorption plates to separate the transparent substrate layers on both sides.

8. In Paragraph 7, The above separation unit is a solar panel separation device that separates the adhesive layer by twisting it with the rotational force of the suction plates by rotating a pair of the suction plates in opposite directions on a plane parallel to the transparent substrate layer using the driving unit.

9. In Paragraph 1, The above microwave irradiation unit irradiates microwaves to a local irradiation area of ​​the solar panel to heat the adhesive layer above the adhesive modification temperature, and A solar panel separation device in which at least one of the above-mentioned gripping unit and the above-mentioned microwave irradiation unit moves to continuously move the irradiation area along the solar panel.

10. (a) A step of preparing a photovoltaic panel comprising a transparent substrate layer, an adhesive layer bonded to the transparent substrate layer, and a solar cell layer laminated on the adhesive layer; (b) a step of irradiating at least one of the adhesive layer and the solar cell layer of the solar panel with microwaves to heat the temperature of the adhesive layer above the adhesive modification temperature; and (c) A method for separating a solar panel, comprising the step of separating the transparent substrate layer from the solar panel in which the adhesive layer is modified by microwaves using a separating member.

11. In Paragraph 10, The above step (b) is a solar panel separation method in which microwaves are irradiated in the direction of the transparent substrate layer to dielectric heat the adhesive layer and simultaneously induction heat the solar cell layer.

12. In Paragraph 11, The above step (c) separates the transparent substrate layer and the solar cell layer by passing the separator through the modified adhesive layer, A solar panel separation method that simultaneously heats the separation member inserted into the adhesive layer by at least one of the above dielectric heating and the above induction heating.

13. In Paragraph 12, A method for separating a solar panel, wherein the above-mentioned separating member comprises at least one of a wire saw, a blade, and a spray fluid sprayed from a nozzle.

14. (a) A step of preparing a double-sided solar panel comprising a transparent substrate layer, an adhesive layer bonded to the transparent substrate layer, and a solar cell layer laminated on the adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layer and the transparent substrate layer are formed on both sides with the solar cell layer in between; (b) a step of irradiating at least one of the adhesive layer and the solar cell layer of the solar panel with microwaves to heat the temperature of the adhesive layer above the adhesive modification temperature; and (c) A method for separating a solar panel, comprising the step of separating the transparent substrate layer from the solar panel in which the adhesive layer is modified by microwaves, wherein the transparent substrate layers formed on both sides of the solar panel are separated by pulling them in opposite directions.

15. In Paragraph 14, The above step (c) is a solar panel separation method in which the transparent substrate layers formed on both sides of the solar panel are rotated in opposite directions to each other, and the adhesive layer is twisted and separated by rotational force.

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