Resin film, display device including same, and optical member

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a resin film having improved anti-glare properties, reflectance, and chromaticity, the resin film comprising: an anti-glare layer including light-scattering particles having irregularities on surfaces thereof and a binder; and a low-refractive-index layer stacked on the anti-glare layer, wherein the anti-glare layer includes a flat portion and a protruding portion, and high-refractive-index nanoparticles are deposited on the irregularities of the light-scattering particles.

Description

A resin film, a display device including the same, and an optical member

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a resin film having high anti-glare properties and improved reflectivity, a display device including the same, and an optical member.

[0002] In display devices such as Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), Plasma Display Panels (PDPs), Electroluminescence Displays (ELDs), and Field Emission Displays (FEDs), the visibility of the image can be improved by placing an anti-reflective member on the image display surface.

[0003] A resin film according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include an antiglare layer and a low refractive index layer. The low refractive index layer may be provided on the antiglare layer. The antiglare layer may include light-scattering particles having irregularities on their surface and a binder. The antiglare layer may include a flat portion and a protrusion from which a portion of the light-scattering particles protrudes from the flat portion. High-refractive-index nanoparticles may be deposited on the irregularities of the light-scattering particles.

[0004] A display device according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include a display means comprising the aforementioned resin film.

[0005] An optical member according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include a substrate and the aforementioned resin film provided on the substrate. When the aforementioned resin film is applied to a display device and an optical member, the anti-glare, reflectance, and chromaticity may be improved.

[0006] FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram showing a display device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0007] FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional view of the display device shown in FIG. 1a taken along the line Ib-Ib.

[0008] FIG. 1c is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0009] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an anti-reflective film according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing an anti-glare layer included in an anti-reflection film according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an anti-reflective film according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an anti-reflective film according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 6a is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a polarizing plate according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6b is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a polarizing plate according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7a is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing an anti-reflective film according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 7b is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing an anti-glare layer and a low refractive index layer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] The present disclosure is capable of various modifications and may have various embodiments; therefore, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. The effects and features of the present disclosure and the methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but may be implemented in various forms.

[0018] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. When describing with reference to the drawings, identical or corresponding components may be given the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions thereof may be omitted.

[0019] In this specification, terms such as first, second, etc. are used not in a limiting sense, but for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

[0020] Unless otherwise explicitly stated regarding the steps constituting the method in this specification, these steps may be performed in a suitable order and are not necessarily limited to the described order.

[0021] In this specification, singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0022] In this specification, the use of the term "above" and similar descriptive terms may apply to both the singular and the plural.

[0023] In this specification, terms such as "include" or "have" mean that the features or components described in the specification exist, and do not preclude the possibility that one or more other features or components may be added.

[0024] In this specification, when a part such as a film, region, or component is described as being on or above another part, it includes not only cases where it is immediately above the other part, but also cases where another film, region, or component is interposed therein.

[0025] In this specification, when it is stated that membranes, regions, components, etc. are connected, it includes cases where the membranes, regions, components, etc. are directly connected, or / or cases where other membranes, regions, components, etc. are interposed between them and they are indirectly connected. For example, when it is stated in this specification that membranes, regions, components, etc. are electrically connected, it may mean cases where the membranes, regions, components, etc. are directly electrically connected, and / or cases where other membranes, regions, components, etc. are interposed between them and they are indirectly electrically connected.

[0026] In this specification, “A and / or B” indicates the case where it is A, B, or both A and B. And, “at least one of A and B” indicates the case where it is A, B, or both A and B.

[0027] In this specification, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis are not limited to three axes in an orthogonal coordinate system and may be interpreted in a broader sense that includes them. For example, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis may be orthogonal to each other, but they may also refer to different directions that are not orthogonal to each other.

[0028] The terms “about” or “approximately” used to refer to any numerical value in this specification may mean numerical values ​​within a range generally accepted in the art due to measurement limits or errors, etc. For example, “about” may mean values ​​within a range of ± 30%, ± 20%, ± 10%, or ± 5% of any numerical value.

[0029] In this specification, "configuration B is placed directly on configuration A" may mean that no separate adhesive layer or adhesive member is placed between configuration A and configuration B. In this case, configuration B may be formed through a continuous process on the base surface provided by configuration A after configuration A has been formed.

[0030] In this specification, the phrase “A and B overlap” may indicate that at least a portion of A and at least a portion of B are arranged overlappingly on a plane when viewed from one direction (e.g., z-axis direction) and a plane perpendicular to said one direction (e.g., xy plane).

[0031] In this specification, terms such as "...part," "module," etc. refer to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, and may be implemented in hardware or software, or as a combination of hardware and software.

[0032] Where any embodiment in this specification can be implemented differently, a specific process sequence may be performed differently from the order described. For example, two processes described consecutively may be performed substantially simultaneously or proceed in the reverse order of the description.

[0033] In the drawings, the size of components may be exaggerated or reduced for convenience of explanation. For example, the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are depicted arbitrarily for convenience of explanation, and therefore the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to what is depicted.

[0034] Additionally, the connections of lines or connecting members between the components shown in the drawings are exemplary representations of functional connections and / or physical or circuit connections, and may be replaced or additionally represented as various functional connections, physical connections, or circuit connections in the actual device.

[0035] Various methods are being attempted to suppress the influence of external light on display devices, etc., by applying an optical member having an anti-glare layer to enhance glare resistance. However, to improve the visibility of display devices, low reflectivity is required along with high glare resistance. The present disclosure aims to provide a resin film having excellent glare resistance and low reflectivity, an optical member employing the same, and a display device. The present disclosure aims to provide a resin film capable of improving color chromaticity, an optical member employing the same, and a display device. However, the technical problems to be solved by the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned technical problems will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below. Hereinafter, embodiments of the resin film, optical member, and display device according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] display device

[0037] FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram showing a display device (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Referring to FIG. 1a, a display device (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be a liquid crystal display for a PC (Personal Computer) or a liquid crystal TV. The display device (1) may display an image on a liquid crystal panel (1a).

[0039] LCD panel

[0040] FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Ib-Ib of the display device (1) shown in FIG. 1a. Specifically, FIG. 1b is a drawing illustrating an example of a cross-sectional configuration of a liquid crystal panel (1a) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] A liquid crystal panel (1a) is an example of a display means for displaying an image. A liquid crystal panel (1a) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be, for example, a VA (Vertical Alignment) type liquid crystal panel. In one embodiment, the liquid crystal panel (1a) may include a protective film (11), a first polarizing film (12a), a first phase difference film (13a), a liquid crystal (14), a second phase difference film (13b), a second polarizing film (12b), and an anti-reflection film (10). The protective film (11), the first polarizing film (12a), the first phase difference film (13a), the liquid crystal (14), the second phase difference film (13b), the second polarizing film (12b), and the anti-reflection film (10) may be sequentially laminated along a direction from the inner side of the liquid crystal panel (1a) toward the surface side.

[0042] In the following, for convenience of explanation, the first polarizing film (12a) and the second polarizing film (12b) may be referred to as polarizing films. Likewise, the first phase difference film (13a) and the second phase difference film (13b) may be referred to as phase difference films.

[0043] As described below, the anti-reflection film (10) may include a substrate (15), an anti-glare layer (16), and a low refractive index layer (17) that are sequentially laminated along the direction from the inner side to the surface side of the liquid crystal panel (1a).

[0044] In the present disclosure, the resin film may refer to a laminate in which an anti-glare layer (16) and a low refractive index layer (17) are laminated. In one embodiment, the resin film may refer to an anti-reflection film (10) comprising an anti-glare layer (16), a low refractive index layer (17), and a substrate (15).

[0045] The protective film (11) can protect the polarizing film. The protective film (11) can be bonded to the polarizing film using a UV adhesive or the like. The protective film (11) may include a resin film composed of triacetylcellulose (TAC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), cycloolefin polymer (COP), etc.

[0046] The first polarizing film (12a) and the second polarizing film (12b) are examples of polarizing means for polarizing light. The polarization direction of the first polarizing film (12a) and the polarization direction of the second polarizing film (12b) may be orthogonal to each other. In one embodiment, the first polarizing film (12a) and the second polarizing film (12b) may each include a resin film containing iodine compound molecules in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). In one embodiment, the first polarizing film (12a) and the second polarizing film (12b) may each have a structure in which a resin film containing iodine compound molecules in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is bonded with a resin film made of triacetylcellulose (TAC), etc., in between. By the resin film containing iodine compound molecules, light passing through the resin film can be polarized.

[0047] The phase difference film can compensate for the viewing angle dependency of the liquid crystal panel (1a). Light transmitted through the liquid crystal (14) changes its polarization state from linear polarization to elliptical polarization. For example, when the liquid crystal panel (1a) displays black, it appears black when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal panel (1a), but when viewed from an inclined direction, a phase difference (retardation) of the liquid crystal (14) occurs. In addition, since the axis of the first polarizing film (12a) and the axis of the second polarizing film (12b) do not form a 90° angle, light leakage occurs and a problem of reduced contrast may occur. That is, the liquid crystal panel (1a) may have a viewing angle dependency. The phase difference film can convert the aforementioned elliptical polarization back to linear polarization. In this way, the phase difference film can compensate for the viewing angle dependency of the liquid crystal panel (1a).

[0048] The liquid crystal (14) can be electrically connected to a power source (not shown). When voltage is applied to the liquid crystal (14) by the power source, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal (14) changes, thereby allowing the state of light transmission to be controlled.

[0049] In the case of a VA-type liquid crystal panel, when voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal (14) (voltage OFF), the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the panel (e.g., the up-down direction in FIG. 1b). At this time, when light is irradiated from the inside of the liquid crystal panel (1a), the light passes through the protective film (11) as is, and then passes through the first polarizing film (12a) to become polarized. The polarized light then passes through the liquid crystal (14) as is. However, the second polarizing film (12b) blocks the polarized light because its polarization direction is different from that of the polarized light that passed through the first polarizing film (12a). In this case, a user viewing the liquid crystal panel (1a) cannot see the irradiated light. That is, when voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal (14), the color of the liquid crystal becomes "black."

[0050] In contrast, when the maximum voltage is applied to the liquid crystal (14), the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a direction horizontal to the panel (e.g., a direction perpendicular to the up-down direction). Then, the polarization that passes through the first polarizing film (12a) has its polarization direction rotated by 90° due to interaction with the liquid crystal (14). Therefore, the second polarizing film (12b) transmits this polarization without blocking it. In this case, a user viewing the liquid crystal panel (1a) can see this light. That is, when the maximum voltage is applied to the liquid crystal (14), the color of the liquid crystal becomes "white." Also, the voltage may have a value between the voltage OFF and the maximum voltage. In this case, the liquid crystal (14) is in a state between the direction perpendicular to the panel and the direction horizontal. That is, the liquid crystal (14) is arranged in an inclined direction. In this state, the color of the liquid crystal becomes "gray." Therefore, by adjusting the voltage applied to the liquid crystal (14) from OFF to the maximum voltage, intermediate shades other than black and white can be expressed. And the liquid crystal panel (1a) can display an image using this.

[0051] In addition, in one embodiment, a color image may be displayed using a color filter (not shown).

[0052] Organic EL (Electroluminescence) panel

[0053] FIG. 1c is a cross-sectional view of a display device (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 1c is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1b in the case where the display device (1) includes an organic EL panel (1b) instead of the liquid crystal panel (1a) described above.

[0054] An organic EL panel (1b) is also an example of a display means for displaying an image. The organic EL panel (1b) may have a structure in which an anti-reflection film (10) is attached to an organic EL panel unit (30) by an adhesive layer (31). The adhesive layer (31) may include a visible light-absorbing pigment that selectively absorbs light of a specific wavelength to reduce reflectivity or the color of the organic EL panel (1b). The organic EL panel unit (30), the adhesive layer (31), and the anti-reflection film (10) may be sequentially laminated along a direction from the inner side to the surface side of the organic EL panel (1b). As shown in FIG. 1b, the anti-reflection film (10) may include a substrate (15), an anti-glare layer (16), and a low refractive index layer (17) that are sequentially laminated along a direction from the inner side to the surface side of the organic EL panel (1b).

[0055] Anti-reflective film

[0056] Hereinafter, each layer included in the anti-reflection film (10) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

[0057] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an anti-reflection film (10) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the anti-reflection film (10) cut along the lamination direction of each layer. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing an anti-glare layer (16) included in the anti-reflection film (10) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] In the case of a liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b), as described above, an anti-reflective film (10) may be provided on a second polarizing film (12b, see FIG. 1b). In the case of an organic EL panel (1b, see FIG. 1c), as described above, an anti-reflective film (10) may be provided on an adhesive layer (31, see FIG. 1c). The following description is based on the case where the anti-reflective film (10) is used in a liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b).

[0059] In one embodiment, the anti-reflection film (10) may include a substrate (15), an anti-glare layer (16) provided on the substrate (15), and a low refractive index layer (17) provided on the anti-glare layer (16).

[0060] write

[0061] The substrate (15) may be a support for forming an anti-glare layer (16) and a low refractive index layer (17).

[0062] In one embodiment, the substrate (15) may include a material with high light transmittance. For example, the substrate (15) may have a total light transmittance of 85% or more. In one embodiment, the substrate (15) may include triacetylcellulose (TAC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), or cycloolefin polymer (COP). If the substrate (15) includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET), color stains or moiré patterns may occur when attached to the second polarizing film (12b). Therefore, in this case, the substrate (15) may include a super retardation film (SRF) manufactured by stretching polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to have a large birefringence. In one embodiment, the thickness of the substrate (15) may be 20 μm or more and 200 μm or less. To ensure adhesion with the anti-glare layer (16), an easy-adhesion layer (not shown) may be formed on the surface of the substrate (15). When an easy-adhesion layer is formed on the surface of the substrate (15), the difference between the refractive index of the easy-adhesion layer and the refractive index of the binder (161) described later may be small.

[0063] The upper limit of the inner haze value in the visible light region of the substrate (15) (e.g., light having a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less) may be 0.8% or less, 0.5% or less, or 0.3% or less. The lower limit of the inner haze value in the visible light region of the substrate (15) is not specifically limited, but in one embodiment, the lower limit may be 0.05% or more. If the inner haze value in the visible light region of the substrate (15) is high, the SCE (Specular Component Excluded) of the anti-reflection film (10) increases, and there is a risk that the SCI (Specular Component Included) or reflective chromaticity (a* / b*) will deteriorate. This tendency is particularly pronounced when the anti-glare layer (16) contains particles with high scattering properties (e.g., light scattering particles (162) described later). Meanwhile, SCE of the anti-reflection film (10) refers to the reflectance excluding the specular reflection component of the anti-reflection film (10), and SCI of the anti-reflection film (10) refers to the reflectance including both the diffuse reflection component and the specular reflection component of the anti-reflection film (10).

[0064] The internal haze value of the substrate (15) can be obtained, for example, by measuring the haze while the substrate (15) is sandwiched between glass with a liquid having a refractive index similar to that of the substrate (15). Additionally, the wavelength dependence of the internal haze value of the substrate (15) can be measured using a spectroscopic haze meter (e.g., SH7000 manufactured by Nippon Dye Industry Co., Ltd.).

[0065] Anti-glare layer

[0066] The anti-glare layer (16) scatters light incident from the outside (external light) to suppress the external light from being visible on the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b) and can improve the anti-glare properties of the anti-reflection film (10).

[0067] According to one embodiment, the antiglare layer (16) may include a binder (161), light-scattering particles (162), and high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165). As described below, in one embodiment, the antiglare layer (16) may be formed using a coating solution comprising a binder (161), light-scattering particles (162), and high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165). Additionally, the antiglare layer (16) may include other additives such as a polymerization initiator, a chain transfer agent, a leveling agent, an antifoaming agent, a surface modifier, a UV absorber, a thickener, an antioxidant, a flame retardant, and an antistatic agent, in addition to the binder (161), light-scattering particles (162), and high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165).

[0068] As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, an anti-glare layer (16) according to one embodiment may include a flat portion (16a) having a flat surface shape, mainly composed of a binder (161), and a protruding portion (16b) in which a portion of light-scattering particles (162) protrude from the surface of the flat portion (16a). Additionally, the protruding portion (16b) may protrude from the surface of the flat portion (16a) toward the surface side of the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b) (e.g., upward in FIG. 1b). Furthermore, high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may be deposited on the uneven shape of the light-scattering particles (162) in the portion protruding from the surface of the flat portion (16a).

[0069] External light can be scattered by the protruding shape of the light-scattering particles (162). The light-scattering particles (162) have irregularities (163) on their surface, and high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) can be deposited on the irregularities (163). External light is scattered more easily by the irregularities (163) formed on the surface of the light-scattering particles (162). In addition, external light is scattered more easily by the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) deposited on the irregularities (163), so the light scattering ability can be greatly increased.

[0070] The shape of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) deposited on the uneven surface (163) can be confirmed by observing with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), etc. As schematically illustrated in FIG. 3, which shows an enlarged cross-section of the anti-glare layer (16), multiple high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may be deposited in a single concave area.

[0071] The binder (161) may include a resin that disperses light-scattering particles (162). In one embodiment, the resin included in the binder (161) may be a curable resin. In one embodiment, if a photocurable resin among the curable resins is used, the mechanical strength of the anti-glare layer (16) can be increased and good optical properties can be obtained.

[0072] In one embodiment, the photocurable resin may include (meth)acrylic resin, urethane resin, (meth)acrylurethane resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, etc. In one embodiment, the photocurable resin may include a compound having one or more unsaturated bonds (including monomers, oligomers, etc.). Examples of compounds having one unsaturated bond include ethyl (meth)acrylate, ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, styrene, methylstyrene, N-vinylpyrrolidone, etc. Compounds having multiple unsaturated bonds include, for example, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, etc. Additionally, oligomers having multiple unsaturated bonds include urethane (meth)acrylate, epoxy (meth)acrylate, polyether (meth)acrylate, polyester (meth)acrylate, etc. The above compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.

[0073] The binder (161) may include a resin that has good compatibility with high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165). When the binder (161) includes a resin that has good compatibility, the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) do not cause aggregation within the anti-glare layer (16), and the internal haze of the anti-glare layer (16) can be lowered, thereby reducing the reflectivity of the anti-reflection film (10). In one embodiment, the resin with good compatibility may be a resin using a urethane (meth)acrylate oligomer, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In one embodiment, a resin with good compatibility may include aliphatic urethane acrylates such as EBECRYL 5129 and KRM8452 manufactured by Daicel Allnex Co., Ltd., U-6LPA manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., UA-306H manufactured by Kyoei Chemical Co., Ltd., and 8UX-122A manufactured by Taisei Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0074] When the binder (161) includes a resin as described above, the internal haze value of the anti-glare layer (16) may be 2.5% or less. The internal haze value of a film with a thickness of 80 μm, produced by mixing the binder (161) and high refractive index nanoparticles (165) in a mass ratio of 90:10, may be 2.0% or less.

[0075] Additionally, the resin included in the binder (161) may be the same resin as the resin exemplified by the binder (171) included in the low refractive index layer (17) described later.

[0076] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the binder (161) may be 1.45 or higher or 1.50 or higher, and in one embodiment, the refractive index of the binder (161) may be 1.60 or lower. Additionally, the refractive index of the composition comprising the binder (161) and the high refractive index nanoparticle (165) may be 1.50 or higher or 1.55 or higher.

[0077] As described above, the light scattering particles (162) include a portion protruding from the surface of the flat portion (16a).

[0078] In the present disclosure, the average particle diameter of the light scattering particles (162) may be set such that a portion of the light scattering particles (162) protrudes from the surface of the flat portion (16a) to form a protrusion (16b). In one embodiment, the average particle diameter of the light scattering particles (162) may be 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less. In one embodiment, the average particle diameter of the light scattering particles (162) may be 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less. In this case, glare caused by image light that may occur due to irregularities (163) formed on the surface of the light scattering particles (162) included in the anti-glare layer (16) can be suppressed. If the average particle diameter of the light scattering particles (162) is less than 1 μm, it becomes difficult for the light scattering particles (162) to protrude from the surface of the flat portion (16a), and thus the effect of suppressing the phenomenon of light being reflected on the screen by scattering light through the protrusion (16b) may be insufficient. Meanwhile, if the average particle diameter of the light scattering particles (162) exceeds 10 μm, the size of the protrusions (16b) in the anti-glare layer (16) increases, and when applied to an image display device, glare from the image light is likely to occur.

[0079] Additionally, the light scattering particles (162) may not contain coarse particles. In one embodiment, the light scattering particles (162) may contain 1 mass% or less of particles with a diameter of 20 μm or more, 0.5 mass% or less of particles with a diameter of 16 μm or more, and 0.2 mass% or less of particles with a diameter of 12 μm or more. If the light scattering particles (162) contain a large amount of coarse particles, the coating property of the low refractive index layer (17) on the anti-glare layer (16) is reduced, and a spot-shaped defect centered on the coarse particles may easily occur on the low refractive index layer (17).

[0080] In the present disclosure, the particle size distribution of the light-scattering particles (162) can be measured using a Coulter Counter. The particle size distribution of the light-scattering particles (162) may be narrow. In one embodiment, when the particle size distribution of the light-scattering particles (162) is measured, the coefficient of variation (CV value) may be 35% or less, 30% or less, or 25% or less. Although the lower limit of the coefficient of variation (CV value) is not specifically limited, in one embodiment, the coefficient of variation (CV value) may be 5% or more. If the coefficient of variation (CV value) of the particle size distribution of the light-scattering particles (162) exceeds 35%, the surface irregularity of the anti-glare layer (16) containing the light-scattering particles (162) may be non-uniform. As a result, the coating properties of the low refractive index layer (17) on the anti-glare layer (16) are reduced, so that when the low refractive index layer (17) is coated, spot-shaped coating defects may easily occur. In addition, the wear resistance of the surface of the anti-reflection film (10) may be reduced.

[0081] In one embodiment, the antiglare layer (16) may include two or more types of light-scattering particles (162) having different average particle diameters. In one embodiment, the antiglare layer (16) may include the light-scattering particles (162) described above and other particles having different average particle diameters from the light-scattering particles (162) and not having irregularities (163) formed on their surface.

[0082] When the anti-glare layer (16) contains two or more types of particles with different average particle diameters, the difference in average particle diameters of the particles may be 3.5 μm or less, 2.0 μm or less, or 1.5 μm or less. Additionally, the difference in average particle diameters may be 0.5 μm or more or 1.0 μm or more. By making the difference in average particle diameters within this range, the anti-glare properties of the anti-reflection film (10) can be improved without causing SCI deterioration.

[0083] In the present disclosure, the average particle diameter may refer to the average primary particle diameter. The average primary particle diameter of the light-scattering particles (162) and high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) can be measured by an image observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and a Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) on a dried film of a particle dispersion in which the light-scattering particles (162) or high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) are dispersed. Meanwhile, since the light-scattering particles (162) have surface irregularities (163), the average primary particle diameter can be measured by approximating the protrusions among the surface irregularities (163) of the light-scattering particles (162) in the observation image as the outer circumference of the light-scattering particles (162). Additionally, the average primary particle diameter of the light-scattering particles (162) may be measured using a coulter counter. Furthermore, the average primary particle diameter of the high refractive index nanoparticles (165) can also be measured by a particle size distribution system using light scattering.

[0084] In the present disclosure, nanoparticles may refer to particles having an average primary particle diameter of 100 nm or less.

[0085] The surface roughness (Ra) of the irregularities (163) formed on the surface of the light-scattering particles (162), that is, the surface roughness (Ra) at the protrusion (16b) of the anti-glare layer (16), may be greater than the surface roughness (Ra) at the flat portion (16a) of the anti-glare layer (16).

[0086] If the surface roughness (Ra) of the flat portion (16a) is small, the coating properties of the low refractive index layer (17) on the flat portion (16a) can be improved.

[0087] In the present disclosure, the surface roughness (Ra) at the flat portion (16a) and the protruding portion (16b) can be measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM), etc.

[0088] The size of the irregularities (163) formed on the surface of the light-scattering particles (162) can be determined by the specific surface area or silicone oil absorption amount of the light-scattering particles (162). The more complex the shape of the irregularities (163) formed on the surface of the light-scattering particles (162) and the greater the light scattering properties caused by the irregularities (163), the larger the specific surface area or oil absorption amount of the light-scattering particles (162). In one embodiment, the specific surface area of ​​the light-scattering particles (162) is 5 m² 2 / g or more, 50m 2 / g or more, or 80m 2 It may be greater than / g. Although the upper limit of the specific surface area of ​​the light-scattering particle (162) is not specifically limited, in one embodiment, the specific surface area of ​​the light-scattering particle (162) is 500m 2 It may be less than / g. In one embodiment, the silicone oil absorption amount of the light-scattering particles (162) may be 80 ml / 100 g or more or 95 ml / 100 g or more. Specific surface area 5 m² 2 When using light-scattering particles (162) with a silicone oil absorption capacity of less than 80 ml / 100 g or less than 1 g / g, a large amount of light-scattering particles (162) must be incorporated into the anti-glare layer (16) to ensure the anti-glare properties of the anti-reflection film (10). As a result, the area of ​​the protrusion (16b) in the anti-glare layer (16) increases, which may reduce the coating properties of the low refractive index layer (17) on the anti-glare layer (16). The specific surface area of ​​the light-scattering particles (162) can be measured, for example, by the BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method, which measures the specific surface area of ​​the particles from the amount of gas molecules adsorbed to the particles.

[0089] The content of light-scattering particles (162) may vary depending on the average particle diameter of the light-scattering particles (162), etc. In one embodiment, the content of light-scattering particles (162) may be 1 mass% or more and 7 mass% or less, or 2 mass% or more and 5 mass% or less, relative to the total solid content of the anti-glare layer (16). If the content of light-scattering particles (162) relative to the total solid content of the anti-glare layer (16) is less than 1 mass%, the density of the protruding light-scattering particles (162) decreases, and the area of ​​the protrusion (16b) becomes smaller. In this case, the effect of suppressing the phenomenon where light is reflected on the screen by scattering light by the protrusion (16b) in the anti-glare layer (16) may be insufficient. Meanwhile, if the content of light scattering particles (162) exceeds 7 mass%, the area of ​​the protrusion (16b) in the anti-glare layer (16) increases, and the coating performance of the low refractive index layer (17) on the anti-glare layer (16) may be reduced.

[0090] The light-scattering particles (162) may be inorganic or organic particles. In one embodiment, the light-scattering particles (162) may be silica particles, alumina particles, titania particles, calcium carbonate particles, PMMA particles, polystyrene particles, polyethylene particles, melamine particles, nylon particles, cellulose acetate particles, silicone particles, or PTFE particles. In one embodiment, the light-scattering particles (162) may include at least one of silica particles, PMMA particles, melamine particles, calcium carbonate particles, cellulose acetate particles, and silicone particles. In this case, the refractive index and mechanical strength of the resin film may be improved.

[0091] The shape of the light-scattering particles (162) is not particularly limited, but in one embodiment, the shape of the light-scattering particles (162) may be spherical, ellipsoidal, needle-shaped, or irregular.

[0092] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the light scattering particle (162) may be 1.42 or higher, and the refractive index of the light scattering particle (162) may be 1.60 or lower.

[0093] As described above, the antiglare layer (16) may include a flat portion (16a) having a flat surface shape and a protruding portion (16b) from which a portion of light-scattering particles (162) protrude from the surface of the flat portion (16a). In addition, irregularities (163) originating from light-scattering particles (162) are formed on the protruding portion (16b), and high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may be deposited on the irregularities (163).

[0094] By positioning high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) on the protrusion (16b), external light is scattered, and the scattering of external light can be secured.

[0095] To scatter external light, the refractive index of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may be 1.60 or higher or 1.70 or higher. Additionally, the refractive index of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may be less than 2.50 or less than 2.40.

[0096] If the refractive index of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) is within the range described above, the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may be inorganic particles or organic particles. In one embodiment, the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may include one or more selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, and titania. In this case, the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may have an excellent refractive index. In one embodiment, the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may include zirconia. In this case, the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may have a sufficient refractive index, good dispersibility, and may not have catalytic activity or optical activity.

[0097] In one embodiment, the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may have reactive groups on their surface through surface treatment. In this case, the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may have improved compatibility with the binder (161) and ensure mechanical strength.

[0098] The average particle diameter of the high-refractive-index nanoparticle (165) can be controlled to a range in which the high-refractive-index nanoparticle (165) can be deposited on the irregularities (163) of the protrusion (16b) caused by the light-scattering particles (162). In particular, at least a portion of the high-refractive-index nanoparticle (165) may be embedded between the irregularities (163) so as not to detach from the irregularities (163). Accordingly, the average particle diameter of the high-refractive-index nanoparticle (165) may vary depending on the size of the irregularities (163) of the light-scattering particles (162), etc. In one embodiment, the average particle diameter of the high-refractive-index nanoparticle (165) may be 5 nm or more and 100 nm or less. If the average particle diameter of the high-refractive-index nanoparticle (165) is less than 5 nm, the effect of the high-refractive-index nanoparticle (165) scattering external light may be small. If the average particle diameter of the high refractive index nanoparticles (165) exceeds 100 nm, it may cause an increase in excessive haze, which may lead to an increase in reflectivity.

[0099] The content of high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may vary depending on the content of light-scattering particles (162), the average particle diameter of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165), the size of the irregularities (163), etc. In one embodiment, the content of high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may be 5.0 mass% or more and 40 mass% or less, or 10 mass% or more and 35 mass% or less, with respect to the total solid content of the anti-glare layer (16). If the content of high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) is less than 5.0 mass%, the amount of high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) is small, so the amount of high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) deposited on the irregularities (163) of the light-scattering particles (162) may decrease. In this case, the anti-glare properties of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) in the anti-glare layer (16) may not be sufficient. Meanwhile, if the content of high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) exceeds 40 mass%, the amount of high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) deposited on the irregularities (163) of the light-scattering particles (162) becomes excessive, which may lead to an increase in reflectivity.

[0100] As described below, when forming the anti-glare layer (16), high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may be mixed as a solid component of the coating solution for the anti-glare layer (16) together with light-scattering particles (162) having irregularities (163). After applying the coating solution, the anti-glare layer (16) may be formed by drying and photopolymerization. At this time, the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) are deposited on the irregularities (163) of the light-scattering particles (162) in the anti-glare layer (16), but may also remain in the binder (161). That is, the anti-glare layer (16) may further include high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) that are not deposited on the irregularities (163). Since the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) deposited on the light-scattering particles (162) contribute primarily to the reflectance reduction and anti-glare effects of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165), the amount of high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) mixed into the coating solution can be adjusted to secure the desired amount of deposition.

[0101] The difference between the refractive index of the binder (161) included in the anti-glare layer (16) and the refractive index of the light-scattering particle (162) may be small. In one embodiment, the difference between the refractive index of the binder (161) and the refractive index of the light-scattering particle (162) may be 0.20 or less or 0.15 or less. In this case, since the difference between the refractive index of the binder (161) and the refractive index of the light-scattering particle (162) is small, the scattering of light at the interface between the binder (161) and the light-scattering particle (162) can be reduced. Therefore, the rise in internal haze of the anti-glare layer (16) can be suppressed, and the SCI of the anti-reflection film (10) can be reduced.

[0102] Additionally, the interface (X in FIG. 3) between the binder (161) and the light-scattering particles (162) in the anti-glare layer (16) can be compatible. In this case, the refractive index at the interface between the binder (161) and the light-scattering particles (162) can be continuously changed to reduce backscattering at the interface and lower internal haze.

[0103] In the portion where the interface between the binder (161) and the light-scattering particle (162) is in use, the size of the irregularities (163) formed on the surface of the light-scattering particle (162) may be reduced. However, the irregularities (163) of the light-scattering particle (162) protruding from the surface of the binder (161) may be maintained. Therefore, even when the interface between the binder (161) and the light-scattering particle (162) is in use in the anti-glare layer (16), the effect of light scattering by the irregularities (163) of the light-scattering particle (162) may be maintained.

[0104] In one embodiment, a compatibilizer may be added to ensure compatibility between the binder (161) and the light-scattering particles (162). Additionally, as described below, when applying (coating) the coating solution for manufacturing the anti-glare layer (16) in one embodiment, a solvent that dissolves the components contained in the light-scattering particles (162) may be added. Compatibilization between the binder (161) and the light-scattering particles (162) can be confirmed by observing the cross-section of the anti-glare layer (16) with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or the like.

[0105] As a method to improve the anti-glare properties of the anti-glare layer (16), the outer haze value can be increased by increasing the frequency of irregularities on the surface of the anti-glare layer (16). However, increasing the frequency of irregularities on the surface of the anti-glare layer (16) reduces the area of ​​flat regions where the low refractive index layer (17) can be uniformly coated, and thus the coating properties of the low refractive index layer (17) formed on the anti-glare layer (16) may be reduced. In this case, the amount of light reflection at the interface between the anti-glare layer (16) and the low refractive index layer (17) may not be sufficiently reduced. Consequently, the image displayed on the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b) may become white and blurry, and the clarity of the image may be reduced.

[0106] Meanwhile, when coating is performed using a sputtering method or a deposition method, it is possible to form a uniform low-refractive-index layer (17) even on an anti-glare layer (16) with large surface irregularities. However, since the low-refractive-index layer (17) formed by this method has a high refractive index, lamination with a high-refractive-index layer (e.g., 4 layers) is required to secure sufficient anti-reflection properties. As a result, discoloration may appear when the anti-reflection film (10) is observed at an oblique angle. In addition, manufacturing costs increase significantly.

[0107] On the other hand, the anti-glare layer (16) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure can secure excellent anti-glare properties by having the above-described configuration and can reduce the reflectivity of the anti-reflection film (10).

[0108] That is, a plurality of protrusions (16b) can be formed in the anti-glare layer (16) by protruding a portion of the light-scattering particles (162). On the surface of each protrusion (16b), irregularities (163) originating from the light-scattering particles (162) are formed. Furthermore, the surface roughness (Ra) of the protrusions (16b) is greater than the surface roughness (Ra) of the flat portion (16a). Therefore, compared to the case where irregularities (163) are not formed on the surface of the protrusions (16b), the external haze value of the anti-glare layer (16) is higher, allowing external light to be scattered more easily from the surface of the anti-glare layer (16). Additionally, external light can be scattered even more easily by the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) deposited on the irregularities (163). As a result, external light can be suppressed from being visible on the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b), and the anti-reflection properties of the anti-reflection film (10) can be greatly improved.

[0109] Additionally, a flat portion (16a) with a large area can be formed in the anti-glare layer (16). As a result, a low refractive index layer (17) can be uniformly formed on the flat portion (16a) of the anti-glare layer (16), thereby suppressing the degradation of the coating properties of the low refractive index layer (17). That is, even when forming the low refractive index layer (17) using a wet coating method, it is possible to uniformly coat the low refractive index layer (17) on the anti-glare layer (16). As a result, the reflectivity of the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b) can be reduced by the low refractive index layer (17), and the clarity of the image displayed on the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b) can be improved.

[0110] The gloss value of the anti-glare layer (16), measured by irradiating light onto the surface of the anti-glare layer (16) from the low refractive index layer (17) at an angle of incidence of 20°, may be 10 or less or 5 or less.

[0111] In addition, the gloss value of the anti-glare layer (16), measured by irradiating light onto the surface of the anti-glare layer (16) from the low refractive index layer (17) at an angle of incidence of 60°, may be 45 or less or 35 or less.

[0112] The lower the gloss value of the anti-glare layer (16), the more easily light can be scattered from the surface of the anti-glare layer (16), and the light can be suppressed from being visible on the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b). In the present disclosure, "measurement from the low refractive index layer (17)" may mean measuring the gloss value of only the anti-glare layer (16) by incidenting light from the surface where the low refractive index layer (17) is to be laminated, that is, from the direction in which light scattering particles (162) protrude and a protrusion (16b) is formed.

[0113] When looking at the anti-glare layer (16) from the direction in which the low refractive index layer (17) is stacked (e.g., upward in FIG. 2), the ratio of the area of ​​the flat portion (16a) to the area of ​​the protrusion (16b) of the anti-glare layer (16) (area of ​​the flat portion (16a) / area of ​​the protrusion (16b)) may be 2.0 or more and 30 or less, or 5.0 or more and 20 or less.

[0114] If the ratio of the area of ​​the flat portion (16a) to the area of ​​the protrusion (16b) is less than 2.0, the coating performance of the low refractive index layer (17) may be reduced because the area of ​​the flat portion of the surface shape in the anti-glare layer (16) becomes smaller. If the ratio of the area of ​​the flat portion (16a) to the area of ​​the protrusion (16b) exceeds 30, it may be difficult to scatter light by the irregularities (163) formed on the surface of the protrusion (16b) because the area of ​​the protrusion (16b) becomes relatively smaller.

[0115] The thickness of the anti-glare layer (16) in the flat portion (16a) may be 0.5 μm or more and 10 μm or less, or 1 μm or more and 6 μm or less. If the thickness of the anti-glare layer (16) in the flat portion (16a) is less than 0.5 μm, the ability of the binder (161) constituting the flat portion (16a) to fix the light-scattering particles (162) may be reduced. Additionally, mechanical properties required for the anti-glare layer (16), such as pencil hardness, may not be sufficient. On the other hand, if the thickness of the anti-glare layer (16) in the flat portion (16a) exceeds 10 μm, it becomes difficult for the light-scattering particles (162) to protrude from the surface of the flat portion (16a), making it difficult to form a protrusion (16b). In this case, the effect of suppressing the phenomenon where light is reflected on the screen by scattering light by the protrusion (16b) in the anti-glare layer (16) may not be sufficient.

[0116] Additionally, the height at which the light-scattering particles (162) protrude from the surface of the flat portion (16a) at the protrusion (16b) may be 20% or more and 80% or less of the particle diameter of the light-scattering particles (162), or 30% or more and 70% or less.

[0117] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the antiglare layer (16) is described as having the surface irregularities (163) of the light-scattering particles (162) exposed without the low-refractive-index layer (17) being laminated on the surface of the protrusion (16b), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. If the portion where high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) are deposited on the irregularities (163) is exposed to the desired extent, there may be a portion where the surface irregularities (163) of the light-scattering particles (162) are covered by the low-refractive-index layer (17).

[0118] Additionally, the anti-glare layer (16) may also include particles with a small average particle diameter. Here, particles with a small average particle diameter may refer to particles with an average particle diameter smaller than the thickness of the binder (161) included in the anti-glare layer (16) (i.e., the thickness of the anti-glare layer (16) in the flat portion (16a). For convenience of explanation, such particles are referred to as microparticles below. Microparticles may include polymethyl (meth)acrylate, styrene, polyacryl-styrene copolymer, melamine resin, silicone, fluoropolymer, silica, alumina, etc. In one embodiment, by incorporating microparticles into the anti-glare layer (16), a uniform anti-glare layer (16) can be formed in which excessive aggregation of light-scattering particles (162) is suppressed.

[0119] When the thickness at the flat portion (16a) of the anti-glare layer (16) is denoted as T, the average particle diameter of the microparticles may be 0.1T or more and 0.9T or less, 0.2T or more and 0.8T or less, or 0.3T or more and 0.7T or less. In one embodiment, the average particle diameter of the microparticles may be 0.5μm or more and 3.0μm or less, or 0.8μm or more and 2.3μm or less. If the average particle diameter of the microparticles is smaller than the range described above, backscattering of incident light into the anti-glare layer (16) increases, and the reflectance may increase. If the average particle diameter of the microparticles is larger than the range described above, microparticles may protrude from the surface of the binder (161), making it difficult to uniformly coat the low-refractive-index layer (17). In this case, it may be difficult to reduce the reflectance of the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1B) by the low-refractive-index layer (17).

[0120] In one embodiment, the anti-glare layer (16) may further include nanoparticles. Here, nanoparticles may refer to particles with an average particle diameter of 100 nm or less. In the present disclosure, nanoparticles may refer to particles with an average particle diameter of 100 nm or less, excluding high-refractive index nanoparticles (165) included in the anti-glare layer (16). Nanoparticles may include silica, etc. By including nanoparticles in the binder (161) of the anti-glare layer (16) according to one embodiment, the specific gravity and viscosity of the binder (161) increase, thereby preventing aggregation of light-scattering particles (162) in the anti-glare layer (16).

[0121] The content of nanoparticles may be 1 mass% or more and 40 mass% or 3 mass% or more and 30 mass% or less with respect to the total solid content of the anti-glare layer (16). By keeping the content of nanoparticles within the above range, aggregation of nanoparticles within the anti-glare layer (16) can be prevented, and the above-described effect of the nanoparticles can be obtained.

[0122] low refractive index layer

[0123] The low refractive index layer (17) may be a layer for reducing the reflectivity of the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b). In one embodiment, the low refractive index layer (17) may be provided on the flat portion (16a) of the anti-glare layer (16).

[0124] The low refractive index layer (17) may be a layer with a relatively low refractive index. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the low refractive index layer (17) may be less than 1.40, or between 1.20 and 1.34. When the refractive index of the low refractive index layer (17) is within the range described above, the reflectance in the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b) can be further reduced.

[0125] The low refractive index layer (17) may have a single layer or a multilayer structure. If the number of layers of the low refractive index layer (17) is small, the manufacturing cost can be lowered.

[0126] The thickness of the low refractive index layer (17) may be 50 nm or more and 500 nm or less, 80 nm or more and 120 nm or less, or 90 nm or more and 110 nm or less.

[0127] In one embodiment, the low refractive index layer (17) may include a binder (171) and hollow particles (172) distributed within the binder (171). In one embodiment, the hollow particles (172) may be hollow silica particles. Additionally, the low refractive index layer (17) may further include a surface modifier (not shown) mainly distributed on the surface side (e.g., the upper side of FIG. 2) of the binder (171).

[0128] In one embodiment, the binder (171) may include a three-dimensional cross-linked structure and may connect hollow silica particles (172) to each other. The binder (171) may include a resin as a main component.

[0129] In one embodiment, the resin may include a fluorine-containing resin. In this case, the entire resin may be composed of a fluorine-containing resin, or a part of the resin may be composed of a fluorine-containing resin. The fluorine-containing resin is a resin containing fluorine and may include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA), perfluoroethylenepropene copolymer (FEP), or ethylenetetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE). The fluorine-containing resin may have a low refractive index. Therefore, by the binder (171) including a fluorine-containing resin, the refractive index of the low refractive index layer (17) may be lowered further, and the reflectance may be further reduced.

[0130] In one embodiment, the fluorine-containing resin may be a photocurable fluorine-containing resin. The photocurable fluorine-containing resin may be a photopolymerized photocurable fluorine-containing monomer according to the following Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2.

[0131] <Chemical Formula 1>

[0132]

[0133] (Here, X 1 and X 2 is H or F, and X 3 H, F, CH 3 or CF 3 and X 4 and X 5 is H, F, or CF 3 Rf is a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 2 to 100 carbon atoms with ether bonds, Y 1 It is an organic group consisting of one or more and three or fewer units combined. Y 1 is a monovalent organic group with 2 to 10 carbon atoms having an ethylenic carbon-carbon double bond at the terminal. a is 0, 1, 2, or 3, and b and c are 0 or 1.

[0134] <Chemical Formula 2>

[0135]

[0136] (Here, structural unit M is a structural unit derived from a fluorine-containing ethylenetic monomer represented by the above chemical formula 1. Structural unit A is a structural unit derived from a monomer copolymerizable with the fluorine-containing ethylenetic monomer represented by the above chemical formula 1.

[0137] The photocurable fluorine-containing resin may contain structural unit M in an amount of 0.1 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less, and structural unit A in an amount of more than 0 mol% and 99.9 mol% or less. In addition, the number average molecular weight of the photocurable fluorine-containing resin may be 30,000 or more and 1,000,000 or less.

[0138] In one embodiment, the photocurable fluorine-containing resin may be OPTOOL AR-110 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd., EBECRYL8110 manufactured by Daicelall Nex Co., Ltd., LINC series manufactured by Kyoei Chemical Co., Ltd., etc.

[0139] In addition, in one embodiment, the binder that does not contain fluorine atoms may be light acrylate POB-A, NP-A, DCP-A, TMP-A, UA-306I, UA-306H manufactured by Kyoei Chemical Co., Ltd., NK ester A-DOD-N, A-200, A-BPE-4 manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., Aronix M-315, M-306, M-408 manufactured by Dong-A Synthetic Co., Ltd., Aronix M-315, M-306, M-408 manufactured by Dong-A Synthetic Co., Ltd., etc. Such a binder can improve the strength of the film.

[0140] The hollow silica particles (172) may have an outer layer, and the interior of the outer layer may be hollow or porous. In one embodiment, the outer layer and the porous body may include silicon dioxide (SiO2). Additionally, a plurality of photopolymerization groups and hydroxyl groups may be bonded to the surface side of the outer layer. The photopolymerization groups and the outer layer may be bonded through at least one of Si-O-Si bonds and hydrogen bonds. In one embodiment, the photopolymerization group may be an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group. That is, the hollow silica particles (172) may include at least one of an acryloyl group and a methacryloyl group as a photopolymerization group. The photopolymerization group may be referred to as an ionizing radiation curing group. Hollow silica particles (172) may have photopolymerizable groups, and the number and types of such functional groups are not particularly limited.

[0141] In one embodiment, the average primary particle diameter of the hollow silica particles (172) may be 35 nm or more and 120 nm or 40 nm or more and 110 nm or less. If the average primary particle diameter of the hollow silica particles (172) is less than 35 nm, the porosity of the hollow silica particles (172) may decrease, and the effect of lowering the refractive index of the low refractive index layer (17) may become negligible. Additionally, if the average primary particle diameter of the hollow silica particles (172) exceeds 120 nm, the surface roughness of the low refractive index layer (17) may increase. Consequently, the antifouling and scratch resistance of the low refractive index layer (17) may be reduced.

[0142] The average primary particle diameter of the hollow silica particles (172) can be measured by an image observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) on a dried film of a particle dispersion in which the hollow silica particles (172) are dispersed.

[0143] The content of hollow silica particles (172) may be 30 mass% or more and 65 mass% or less within the low refractive index layer (17). If the content of hollow silica particles (172) is less than 30 mass%, the refractive index of the low refractive index layer (17) increases, and the reflectivity of the anti-reflection film (10) may increase. If the content of hollow silica particles (172) exceeds 65 mass%, the strength of the film may decrease, and attachments may become more visible and difficult to remove.

[0144] The frequency curve (particle size distribution curve) for the particle diameter of the hollow silica particles (172) may have multiple maximum values ​​(peaks). In this case, the hollow silica particles (172) may include multiple particles with different particle diameter distributions. In one embodiment, the hollow silica particles (172) may be composed of a mixture of multiple particles selected from particles with primary particle diameters of 30 nm, 60 nm, and 75 nm.

[0145] The surface modifier can be mainly distributed on the surface side of the binder (171) to modify the surface of the low refractive index layer (17). That is, the surface modifier can be segregated on the surface side of the low refractive index layer (17). Meanwhile, even if the surface modifier is present inside the binder (171), it does not impair the function of the low refractive index layer (17).

[0146] In one embodiment, the surface modifier includes an oil-repellent surface modifier and a lipophilic surface modifier.

[0147] The oil-repellent surface modifier can improve the oil-repellent properties of the membrane surface by being mixed into the binder (171) and segregated on the surface. The effect of the oil-repellent surface modifier can be confirmed by measuring the contact angle of oleic acid, etc. In this case, the effect can be confirmed by the difference in the contact angle on the surface of the membrane (low refractive index layer (17)) when the oil-repellent surface modifier is mixed and when it is not mixed (contact angle when mixed - contact angle when not mixed). When the oil-repellent surface modifier is mixed into the binder (171), the contact angle may increase. In one embodiment, the difference in the contact angle may be 10° or more, 20° or more, or 30° or more.

[0148] In one embodiment, the oil-repellent surface modifier may be a fluorine-based compound having a photopolymerizable group.

[0149] In one embodiment, the oil-repellent surface modifier may be KY-1203, KY-1207 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Optool DAC-HP manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd., MegaPak F-477, F-554, F-556, F-570, RS-56, RS-58, RS-75, RS-78, RS-90 manufactured by DIC Corporation, FS-7024, FS-7025, FS-7026, FS-7031, FS-7032 manufactured by Fluorotechnology Co., Ltd., H-3593, H-3594 manufactured by Daiichi Industrial Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., SURECO AF Series manufactured by AGC Corporation, FTERGENT F-222F, M-250, 601AD, 601ADH2 manufactured by Neos Corporation, etc.

[0150] The lipophilic surface modifier can improve the lipophilicity of the membrane surface by being mixed into the binder (171) and segregated on the surface. The effect of the lipophilic surface modifier can be confirmed by measuring the contact angle of oleic acid, etc. In this case, the effect can be confirmed by the difference in the contact angle on the surface of the membrane (low refractive index layer (17)) when the lipophilic surface modifier is mixed and when it is not mixed (contact angle when mixed - contact angle when not mixed). When the lipophilic surface modifier is mixed into the binder (171), the contact angle may be reduced. In one embodiment, the difference in the contact angle may be 3° or more, 5° or more, or 7° or more.

[0151] In one embodiment, the lipophilic surface modifier may be Melclear 350L manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., FTERGENT 730LM, 602A, 650A, 650AC manufactured by Neos Co., Ltd., etc.

[0152] Even if attachments such as sebum are attached to the low refractive index layer (17), the attachments may not be easily visible. Additionally, the attachments can be easily wiped away. This effect may also be present when a large amount of hollow silica particles (172) is included.

[0153] High refractive index layer

[0154] The structure of the anti-reflection film (10) is not limited to that shown in FIG. 2. An anti-reflection film (10) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a high refractive index layer (19).

[0155] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an anti-reflective film (10') according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In FIG. 4, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as in FIG. 2, and redundant descriptions below are omitted.

[0156] Referring to FIG. 4, an anti-reflection film (10') according to one embodiment includes a substrate (15), an anti-glare layer (16), a high refractive index layer (19), and a low refractive index layer (17) that are sequentially laminated. That is, the anti-reflection film (10') shown in FIG. 4 is different from the anti-reflection film (10) shown in FIG. 2 in that it has a high refractive index layer (19).

[0157] The high refractive index layer (19) may be a layer with a relatively high refractive index. The high refractive index layer (19) can further reduce the reflectance of the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b). By stacking the high refractive index layer (19) and the low refractive index layer (17), the reflectance can be further reduced by the interference effect of light. In addition, the reflectance in the broadband wavelength region can be lowered, so the reflective chromaticity can be reduced.

[0158] The high refractive index layer (19) can be provided below the low refractive index layer (17), that is, between the anti-glare layer (16) and the low refractive index layer (17). In other words, the high refractive index layer (19) can also be seen as being provided between the flat portion (16a) of the anti-glare layer (16) and the low refractive index layer (17).

[0159] The high refractive index layer (19) may include a binder (not shown) and high refractive index particles (not shown). Thus, the high refractive index layer (19) may be formed using a coating solution containing a binder and high refractive index particles. The high refractive index layer (19) may have a single layer or a multilayer structure. If the number of layers of the high refractive index layer (19) is small, the manufacturing cost can be lowered.

[0160] The refractive index of the high refractive index layer (19) may be high. In this case, the reflectivity of the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b) can be further reduced. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer (19) may be 1.65 or higher and 1.80 or lower, or 1.67 or higher and 1.75 or lower.

[0161] In one embodiment, the thickness of the high refractive index layer (19) may be 500 nm or less, 350 nm or less, 200 nm or less, or 170 nm or less. In one embodiment, the thickness of the high refractive index layer (19) may be 50 nm or more, 80 nm or more, 100 nm or more, or 130 nm or more.

[0162] In one embodiment, the high refractive index particles may include zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, tin oxide, yttrium oxide, barium titanate, antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), phosphorus-doped tin oxide (PTO), indium-doped tin oxide (ITO), zinc sulfide, etc. For durability and stability, zirconium oxide, barium titanate, antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), phosphorus-doped tin oxide (PTO), or indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) may be included.

[0163] The high-refractive-index particles may have properties similar to those of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) included in the anti-glare layer (16). By having properties similar to those of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165), the coating uniformity of the high-refractive-index layer (19) can be improved and the reflectance reduced. In one embodiment, the high-refractive-index particles may include one or more selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, and titania. By using particles with similar properties, such as a combination of alumina and zirconia or zirconia and titania, the above-described effects may occur. In one embodiment, the high-refractive-index particles and the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may include the same material.

[0164] In one embodiment, the average particle diameter (average primary particle diameter) of the primary particles of the high refractive index particles may be 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, 3 nm or more and 100 nm or less, or 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less. The average primary particle diameter of the high refractive index particles can be measured by an image observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) on a dried film of a particle dispersion in which the high refractive index particles are dispersed.

[0165] In addition, the average primary particle diameter of high refractive index particles can also be measured by a particle size distribution meter using the light scattering method.

[0166] High-refractive-index particles may undergo dispersion stabilization treatment to suppress aggregation. In one embodiment, dispersion stabilization means may include using surface-treated particles, adding a dispersant, or adding other particles with a lower surface charge than that of the high-refractive-index particles.

[0167] In one embodiment, the content of high refractive index particles may be 20 parts by mass or more and 500 parts by mass or less, 50 parts by mass or more and 400 parts by mass or less, or 100 parts by mass or more and 300 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of binder.

[0168] At this time, in order to reduce the content of high refractive index particles, the refractive index of the binder may be 1.45 or higher and 1.70 or lower.

[0169] The high refractive index layer (19) may contain other components as needed in addition to the binder and high refractive index particles. For example, the high refractive index layer (19) may further include additives such as a polymerization initiator, a UV absorber, a leveling agent, and a surfactant, as well as a diluting solvent. In one embodiment, the high refractive index layer (19) may further include a leveling agent or a surfactant to control the surface condition of the high refractive index layer (19), and as a result, improve the performance of the upper layer (e.g., the low refractive index layer (17)).

[0170] Although not shown in the drawing, the high refractive index layer (19) may be applied to an anti-reflection film (10'') having an anisotropic diffusion layer (18, FIG. 5) described later. That is, the anti-reflection film (10'') having an anisotropic diffusion layer (18, FIG. 5) may further include a high refractive index layer (19) disposed between the anti-glare layer (16) and the low refractive index layer (17), as in FIG. 4.

[0171] Anti-reflective film

[0172] The characteristics of an anti-reflection film (10, 10') including an anti-glare layer (16) and a low refractive index layer (17) are described below.

[0173] In one embodiment, the total haze value, which is the sum of the internal haze value and the external haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10'), may be 5% or more or 10% or more. In one embodiment, the total haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') may be 80% or less or 60% or less. In the present disclosure, the haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') may be measured in accordance with JIS K7136: 2000. If the total haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') is less than 5%, the anti-reflective properties of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') are insufficient, and a phenomenon may occur in which light is visible on the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b).

[0174] The external haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') may be 3% or more or 7% or more. The external haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') is due to the surface shape of the anti-reflective film (10, 10'), and the larger the external haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10'), the better light can be scattered from the surface of the anti-reflective film (10, 10'). In one embodiment, the external haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') is due to the protrusions (16b) of the anti-glare layer (16) and the irregularities (163) formed on the surface of the protrusions (16b) (or light scattering particles (162)).

[0175] If the external haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') is 3% or more, light shining on the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b) is suppressed, thereby further improving the anti-reflective properties of the anti-reflective film (10, 10').

[0176] The external haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') can be obtained by subtracting the internal haze value measured by the method described below from the total haze value.

[0177] The internal haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') may be 5% or less or 2.5% or less. The internal haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') is due to the composition of each layer constituting the anti-reflective film (10, 10'). The smaller the internal haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10'), the more difficult it is for light to scatter within the anti-reflective film (10, 10').

[0178] If the internal haze value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') is 5% or less, light scattering within the anti-reflective film (10, 10') can be suppressed, thereby preventing the clarity of the image displayed on the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b) from deteriorating.

[0179] The internal haze value of the anti-reflection film (10, 10') can be measured in accordance with JIS K7136:2000 by flattening the unevenness of the protrusion (16b) exposed on the surface of the anti-reflection film (10, 10') by filling it with a liquid that has a refractive index almost identical to that of the anti-glare layer (16) without dissolving the anti-glare layer (16) (especially, light scattering particles (162)).

[0180] In one embodiment, the gloss value of the anti-reflection film (10, 10'), measured by irradiating light onto the surface of the anti-reflection film (10) from the low refractive index layer (17) at an angle of incidence of 20°, may be 4 or less or 2 or less.

[0181] In addition, the gloss value of the anti-reflection film (10, 10'), measured by irradiating light onto the surface of the anti-reflection film (10, 10') from the low refractive index layer (17) at an angle of incidence of 60°, may be 20 or less or 10 or less.

[0182] If the gloss value of the anti-reflective film (10, 10') is low, light can be scattered well from the surface of the anti-reflective film (10, 10'), so that light can be suppressed from being visible on the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b).

[0183] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an anti-reflection film (10'') according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The structure of the anti-reflection film (10'') is not limited to that shown in FIG. 2. Referring to FIG. 5, the anti-reflection film (10'') according to one embodiment may include an anisotropic diffusion layer (18) interposed between a resin film and a substrate (15) to anisotropically diffuse light.

[0184] In FIG. 5, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2 are used for the same configuration, and redundant descriptions below are omitted.

[0185] Referring to FIG. 5, an anti-reflection film (10'') according to one embodiment comprises a substrate (15), an anisotropic diffusion layer (18), an anti-glare layer (16), and a low refractive index layer (17) that are sequentially laminated. That is, the anti-reflection film (10'') shown in FIG. 5 is different from the anti-reflection film (10'') shown in FIG. 2 in that it has an anisotropic diffusion layer (18).

[0186] The anisotropic diffusion layer (18) can anisotropically diffuse incident light. Here, "anisotropic diffusion" may mean having strong light diffusivity in a specific direction. Therefore, the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) can have strong light diffusivity in a specific direction. Thus, when isotropic light (circular light), such as laser light, is irradiated onto a member containing the anisotropic diffusion layer (18), the transmitted light may be linear or elliptical.

[0187] The anisotropic diffusion layer (18) may include a resin portion (181) and anisotropic particles (182).

[0188] The resin portion (181) may include a resin that disperses anisotropic particles (182). The resin portion (181) may also be described as a dispersion layer that fixes the long axis direction of the anisotropic particles (182) so that they are arranged along one direction.

[0189] The anisotropic particles (182) may have an anisotropic shape. The anisotropic particles (182) may be arranged within the resin portion (181) such that their major axis direction follows one direction. FIG. 5 illustrates that the major axis direction of the anisotropic particles (182) according to one embodiment is arranged along the in-plane direction of the anisotropic diffusion layer (18).

[0190] As described above, the resin portion (181) may include resin. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the resin portion (181) may be 1.45 or higher and 1.65 or lower. The reflectance (SCE), which is the reflectance excluding the specular reflection component of the anisotropic diffusion layer (18), may be 1.0% or lower. When the refractive index of the resin portion (181) is within the range described above, the SCE of the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) may have the same numerical range. When the refractive index of the resin portion (181) is outside the range described above, the SCE of the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) may be greater than 1.0%.

[0191] The resin included in the resin portion (181) may be (meth)acrylic resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polystyrene resin, polyurethane resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, or silicone resin.

[0192] As described above, the anisotropic particle (182) may have an anisotropic shape. In one embodiment, the anisotropic particle (182) may have an elliptical shape. Since the anisotropic particle (182) has such a shape, the refractive index in the major axis direction and the refractive index in the minor axis direction may be different. As a result, anisotropic diffusion may occur in the anisotropic diffusion layer (18). Additionally, the refractive index of the anisotropic particle (182) and the refractive index of the resin portion (181) may be different. The shape of the anisotropic particle (182) is not particularly limited as long as it has an anisotropic shape. In one embodiment, the shape of the anisotropic particle (182) may be spindle-shaped, needle-shaped, fibrous-shaped, cylindrical-shaped, or disc-shaped.

[0193] In one embodiment, the interface between the anisotropic particle (182) and the resin portion (181) may be compatible. In this case, the refractive index at the interface between the anisotropic particle (182) and the resin portion (181) may change continuously, thereby reducing backscattering at the interface and lowering the SCE of the anisotropic diffusion layer (18). Since the boundary between the anisotropic particle (182) and the resin portion (181) is compatible, it may not be clear, but the anisotropic particle (182) may clearly exist as a particle within the resin portion (181). To make the interface between the anisotropic particle (182) and the resin portion (181) compatible, a compatibility agent may be added, or a solvent that dissolves the surface layer of the anisotropic particle (182) may be used as a coating solvent. The interface between the anisotropic particle (182) and the resin part (181) can be confirmed by observing the cross-section of the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), etc.

[0194] In one embodiment, the anisotropic particle (182) may include at least one of a metal oxide, a carbonate compound, a hydroxide compound, and a phosphate compound. In this case, the metal oxide may be silica, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, or zinc oxide, etc. In one embodiment, the anisotropic particle (182) may be a compound such as calcium carbonate, silicon carbide, nitrogen carbide, or basic magnesium sulfate, or glass fiber, (meth)acrylic resin, polystyrene resin, or melamine resin.

[0195] In one embodiment, the haze value of the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) may be 20% or more and 80% or less, or 30% or more and 65% or less. When the haze value of the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) has such a numerical range, clear image quality can be secured when the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) is mounted on a display.

[0196] The anisotropic diffusivity of the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) can be measured using a goniophotometer. Transmitted light is acquired while varying the receiving angle when a light beam is irradiated onto the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) at an incident angle of 0° (e.g., a direction perpendicular to the anisotropic diffusion layer (18)). Through this, the intensity distribution state of the transmitted scattered light is measured. Then, by acquiring the amount of transmitted scattered light in the anisotropic diffusion direction and the direction perpendicular to the anisotropic diffusion direction, respectively, the anisotropic diffusivity can be quantitatively evaluated. In the present disclosure, anisotropic diffusivity is evaluated by the Anisotropy Diffusion Value (ADV). The anisotropic diffusivity can be calculated by the following Equation 1.

[0197] <Equation 1>

[0198] ADV = (Transmitted light at 5° in the anisotropic diffusion direction, measured by a variable angle photometer) / (Transmitted light at 5° perpendicular to the anisotropic diffusion direction, measured by a variable angle photometer)

[0199] In one embodiment, the anisotropic diffusion degree (ADV) of the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) may be 3 or more, 15 or more, or 25 or more.

[0200] Meanwhile, the anti-reflective film according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to that shown in FIG. 5.

[0201] An anti-reflection film according to one embodiment may have a structure in which a first substrate (not shown), an anisotropic diffusion layer (18), a second substrate (not shown), an anti-glare layer (16), and a low refractive index layer (17) are sequentially laminated. In this case, the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) has adhesive properties, and the first substrate and the second substrate may be bonded together with the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) in between.

[0202] Additionally, the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) is not limited to a form including the resin portion (181) and anisotropic particles (182) shown in FIG. 5, as long as it can anisotropically diffuse light.

[0203] In one embodiment, the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) may include a core layer containing a void, which is an empty hole, and a skin layer for protecting the core layer. In this case, the void within the core layer may be a craze having a roughly straight shape and may be formed by craze processing, etc. Anisotropic diffusion layer (18) having such a configuration may contribute to expanding the viewing angle of the anti-reflection film (10) by anisotropically diffusing incident light at the interface between the resin constituting the core layer and the void. Specific embodiments of such anisotropic diffusion layer (18) include embodiments 1 to 5 disclosed in International Publication No. WO 2019 / 156003.

[0204] Additionally, the anisotropic diffusion layer (18) may have an uneven interface within the layer. The interface may be formed by resins with different refractive indices. An anisotropic diffusion layer (18) having such a configuration allows incident light to diffuse anisotropically at the interface, thereby contributing to the expansion of the viewing angle of the anti-reflection film (10). Specific examples of such anisotropic diffusion layer (18) include the example described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-16881.

[0205] polarizing plate

[0206] An anti-glare layer (16) and a low refractive index layer (17) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure can be used as a surface film of a polarizing plate (or polarizing member).

[0207] FIGS. 6a and 6b are cross-sectional views schematically illustrating a polarizing plate according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In FIGS. 6a and 6b, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as in FIG. 2, and redundant descriptions are omitted below. The polarizing plate of the present embodiment may include a polarizing film (12) interposed between a substrate and a resin film to polarize light.

[0208] Referring to FIG. 6a, a polarizing plate according to one embodiment may include a first substrate (15a), a first adhesive layer (21a), a polarizing film (12), a second adhesive layer (21b), a second substrate (15b), an anti-glare layer (16), and a low refractive index layer (17) that are sequentially stacked. The first substrate (15a) and the second substrate (15b) may include the same or different materials, and the first adhesive layer (21a) and the second adhesive layer (21b) may include the same or different materials.

[0209] A polarizing film (12) provided on a first substrate (15a) can be bonded to the first substrate (15a) by a first adhesive layer (21a). Additionally, a resin film comprising a second substrate (15b), an anti-glare layer (16), and a low refractive index layer (17) can be provided on the polarizing film (12). That is, the resin film can be bonded to the polarizing film (12) by a second adhesive layer (21b). In one embodiment, the first adhesive layer (21a) and the second adhesive layer (21b) may each include a UV (ultraviolet) adhesive, a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA), an optical clear adhesive (OCA), or an optical clear resin (OCR).

[0210] Referring to FIG. 6(b), a polarizing plate according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first laminated structure in which a first substrate (15a), a first adhesive layer (21a), and a polarizing film (12) are sequentially laminated, and a second laminated structure in which a second substrate (15b), an anti-glare layer (16), and a low refractive index layer (17) are sequentially laminated on the first laminated structure. Additionally, a third substrate (15c) may be provided between the first laminated structure and the second laminated structure. The third substrate (15c) may be adhered to the first laminated structure by the second adhesive layer (21b) and may be adhered to the second laminated structure by the third adhesive layer (21c). In other words, a polarizing plate according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first substrate (15a), a first adhesive layer (21a), a polarizing film (12), a second adhesive layer (21b), a third substrate (15c), a third adhesive layer (21c), a second substrate (15b), an anti-glare layer (16), and a low refractive index layer (17) that are sequentially stacked. That is, the polarizing plate illustrated in FIG. 6b differs from the polarizing plate illustrated in FIG. 6a in that it further includes a third substrate (15c) and a third adhesive layer (21c). In one embodiment, the first adhesive layer (21a) and the second adhesive layer (21b) may include a UV adhesive, and the third adhesive layer (21c) may include a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0211] Additionally, when the anti-glare layer (16) and the low refractive index layer (17) are applied to the polarizer, the polarizer may further include the high refractive index layer (19, FIG. 4) or the anisotropic diffusion layer (18, FIG. 5) described above.

[0212] Method for manufacturing an anti-reflective film

[0213] FIG. 7a is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing an anti-reflection film (10) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. 7b is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing an anti-glare layer (16) and a low refractive index layer (17) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing an anti-reflection film (10) having a cross-sectional structure illustrated in FIG. 2 will be described based on the method shown in FIG. 2.

[0214] Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 7a, a method for manufacturing an anti-reflection film (10) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include the step (S101) of forming an anti-glare layer (16) on a substrate (15) and the step (S102) of forming a low refractive index layer (17) on the anti-glare layer (16).

[0215] In the step (S101) of forming an anti-glare layer (16) on a substrate (15), the anti-glare layer (16) can be formed by coating a coating solution that forms the basis of the anti-glare layer (16) onto the substrate (15).

[0216] Next, in the step (S102) of forming a low-refractive-index layer (17) on the anti-glare layer (16), the low-refractive-index layer (17) can be formed by coating a coating solution that forms the basis of the low-refractive-index layer (17) onto the anti-glare layer (16). In one embodiment, the low-refractive-index layer (17) can be formed on the flat portion (16a) of the anti-glare layer (16).

[0217] The anti-glare layer (16) and the low refractive index layer (17) can be formed using a wet coating method as described below.

[0218] Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 7b, first, a coating solution for forming an anti-glare layer (16) and a low refractive index layer (17) can be prepared (S201), respectively. At this time, "preparation" may include not only making a coating solution but also purchasing and preparing a coating solution.

[0219] The coating solution may contain solids and a solvent.

[0220] The solid components included in the coating solution for the anti-glare layer (16) for forming the anti-glare layer (16) may include monomers, oligomers, and polymers that form the basis of the binder (161). The solid components may include light-scattering particles (162) and high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165). The monomers and / or oligomers may become resins included in the binder (161) by polymerization. Here, polymerization may refer to photopolymerization or thermal polymerization, etc. For convenience of explanation, the monomers, oligomers, and / or polymers are referred to as "binder components" below.

[0221] The solid component included in the coating solution for the low refractive index layer (17) for forming the low refractive index layer (17) may include a binder component that forms the basis of the binder (171). The solid component may include hollow silica particles (172) and a surface modifier.

[0222] The solid according to one embodiment may include a polymerization initiator and may further include additives such as a dispersant, an antifoaming agent, a UV absorber, and a leveling agent.

[0223] By adding the solid components described above to a solvent and stirring, a coating solution for an antiglare layer (16) and a coating solution for a low refractive index layer (17) can be prepared.

[0224] The solvent can disperse the solids. In one embodiment, the solvent may include methylene chloride, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, diacetone alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGME), propylene glycol methyl ether (PGME), ethanol, methanol, normal propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, 1-butanol, mineral spirit, oleic acid, cyclohexanone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP), dimethyl carbonate, or dioxolane.

[0225] In one embodiment, the concentration of solids contained in the coating solution may be 2 mass% or more and 80 mass% or less.

[0226] The concentration of solids in the coating solution for the antiglare layer (16) can vary depending on the average particle diameter or content of each of the light-scattering particles (162) and the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165), and can be controlled so that the area ratio of the flat portion (16a) and the protruding portion (16b) in the antiglare layer (16), and the degree to which the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) are deposited on the light-scattering particles (162) are of a desired degree.

[0227] In addition, the coating solution for the low refractive index layer (17) may have a lower solid content concentration than the coating solution for the anti-glare layer (16) so that uniformity of film thickness can be ensured during coating.

[0228] Next, a step (S202) of producing a coating film by applying (coating) a coating solution may be performed. The coating method is not particularly limited. In one embodiment, the coating method may include die coating or microgravure coating. Additionally, the coating solution may be applied by dropping the coating solution and then rotating it to form a film of uniform thickness by centrifugal force. The coating solution may be coated while heated.

[0229] Next, a step (S203) of drying the applied coating film can be performed. The coating film drying step (S203) may include a method of allowing the solvent to volatilize by leaving the coating film at room temperature, or a method of forcibly removing the solvent by heating or vacuum treatment, etc.

[0230] Next, a photopolymerization step (S204) can be performed. In the photopolymerization step (S204), energy such as ultraviolet rays or heat can be irradiated onto the coating film to photopolymerize the binder component in the coating film.

[0231] The anti-glare layer (16) and the low refractive index layer (17) can be manufactured through the processes described above. The drying process and the photopolymerization process described above can also be referred to as a curing process that cures the applied coating solution.

[0232] Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing an anti-reflective film (10) having a cross-sectional structure illustrated in FIG. 4 will be described. For convenience of explanation, descriptions that overlap with the method for manufacturing an anti-reflective film (10) having a cross-sectional structure illustrated in FIG. 2 will be omitted.

[0233] Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 7b, in order to manufacture an anti-reflection film (10) having a cross-sectional structure as shown in FIG. 4, a coating solution is applied (coated) as described above, and after drying the coating film, an anti-glare layer (16) can be formed through a photopolymerization step. After that, a high refractive index layer (19) can be formed on the anti-glare layer (16). Then, as described above, a low refractive index layer (17) can be formed on the high refractive index layer (19).

[0234] Specifically, the high refractive index layer (19) can be formed by applying (coating) a coating solution, drying the coating film, irradiating the coating film with energy such as ultraviolet rays, and photopolymerizing the binder component contained in the high refractive index layer (19).

[0235] A coating solution for a high refractive index layer (19) can be prepared by adding a solid component to a solvent. At this time, the solid component may include a binder, high refractive index particles, and a polymerization initiator, and may additionally include other additives as needed.

[0236] As described above, the anti-glare layer (16) included in the anti-reflection film (10) may include a flat portion (16a) having a flat surface shape, mainly composed of a binder (161), and a protruding portion (16b) in which a portion of light-scattering particles (162) protrude from the surface of the flat portion (16a). Additionally, an irregularity (163) originating from the light-scattering particles (162) is formed on the protruding portion (16b), and high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may be deposited on the irregularity (163).

[0237] By having the anti-glare layer (16) in such a configuration, the anti-reflection properties of the anti-reflection film (10) can be improved. In addition, the deterioration of the coating properties of the low refractive index layer (17) on the anti-glare layer (16) can be suppressed. Therefore, due to the low refractive index layer (17), the reflectivity can be reduced and the clarity of the image displayed on the liquid crystal panel (1a, FIG. 1b) can be improved.

[0238] The anti-reflection film (10) according to the above-described embodiment has a structure in which an anti-glare layer (16) and a low refractive index layer (17) are laminated on a substrate (15), but in one embodiment, the anti-reflection film (10) may not include a substrate (15).

[0239] Additionally, in the above-described embodiment, the liquid crystal panel (1a) or organic EL panel (1b) included in the display device (1) is exemplified as including an anti-glare layer (16) and a low refractive index layer (17), but the present invention is not limited thereto. In one embodiment, the display device (1) may include a cathode ray tube, and the cathode ray tube may include an anti-glare layer (16) and a low refractive index layer (17).

[0240] In addition, the layers described above may be formed on the surface of a lens made of glass or plastic, etc. In this case, the lens may serve as a substrate. Thus, an optical member according to one embodiment may include a lens and an anti-glare layer (16) and a low refractive index layer (17) formed on the lens.

[0241] Examples

[0242] The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples without departing from the gist thereof. Unless otherwise specifically stated in the following description, the content is based on mass%.

[0243] Preparation of a coating solution for an anti-glare layer

[0244] Below, a method for preparing a coating solution for an anti-glare layer is described. Coating solutions A-1 to A-16, which form the basis of the anti-glare layer, were prepared according to the compositions shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

[0245] 1. Application Solution A-1

[0246] Coating solution A-1 comprises a binder component forming the basis of the binder, light-scattering particles and high-refractive-index nanoparticles, a photopolymerization initiator, other additives (antifoaming agents, leveling agents, etc.), and a solvent.

[0247] UA-306H (refractive index: 1.52) manufactured by Kyoei Chemical Co., Ltd. and KAYARAD PET-30 (refractive index: 1.49) manufactured by Nippon Explosives Co., Ltd. were used as binder components. Tech Polymer MBP series (PMMA particles with surface irregularities, average particle diameter: 4 μm, refractive index: 1.49, silicone oil adsorption capacity: 180 ml / 100 g) manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. were used as light-scattering particles. Zircostar ZP-153 (zirconia particles with an average primary particle diameter of 12 nm) manufactured by Nihon Shokubai Co., Ltd. was used as high-refractive-index nanoparticles. Omnirad 184 and Omnirad 907 manufactured by IGM RESIN were used as photopolymerization initiators. MegaPak F-554 manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd. was used as a leveling agent.

[0248] The binder component, light-scattering particles and high-refractive-index nanoparticles, photopolymerization initiator, and leveling agent are solid components for preparing coating solution A-1, and their contents are as shown in Table 1 below.

[0249] The solid was added to a mixture of solvents, namely toluene, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone, and stirred for 5 minutes using a desolver to prepare coating solution A-1. At this time, the concentration of the solid contained in the prepared coating solution A-1 was set to 50 mass%. The content of toluene, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone contained in the solvent is as shown in Table 1.

[0250] 2. Application solutions A-2 to A-16

[0251] The materials listed in Tables 1 and 2 below were used as the binder component, light-scattering particles and high-refractive-index nanoparticles, photopolymerization initiator, and other additives (defoaming agent, leveling agent, etc.) that are the solid components of the coating solution, and were mixed so that the solid components have the content listed in Tables 1 and 2.

[0252] These solids were added to a solvent mixture containing toluene, xylene, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, propylene glycol methyl ether, and cyclohexanone as described in Tables 1 and 2, so that the concentration of solids was as described in Tables 1 and 2, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes using a desolver to prepare coating solutions A-2 to A-16.

[0253] In the following, regarding the materials used as the solid components included in the coating solution, the previously described materials are excluded.

[0254] (1) Binder component

[0255] ·UA-306I: Manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd. Refractive index: 1.52

[0256] ·EBECRYL5129: Manufactured by Daicel-All-Nex, Inc. Refractive index: 1.52

[0257] · U-6LPA: Manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd. Refractive index: 1.51

[0258] ·8-UX-122A: Manufactured by Taisei Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Refractive index: 1.50

[0259] · UV-1700B: Manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation. Refractive index: 1.52

[0260] · KAYARAD PET-30: Manufactured by Nippon Explosives Co., Ltd. Refractive index: 1.49

[0261] · Light Acrylate PE-4A: Manufactured by Kyoei Chemical Co., Ltd. Refractive Index: 1.49

[0262] · Light Acrylate DPE-6A: Manufactured by Kyoei Chemical Co., Ltd. Refractive Index: 1.49

[0263] (2) Light-scattering particles

[0264] ·ART PEARL TE-812T: Manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Urethane particles with surface irregularities. Average particle diameter: 5.8μm, Refractive index: 1.52, Silicone oil adsorption capacity: 150mL / 100g

[0265] · MKN03: Manufactured by Nikkorika Co., Ltd. Silicone particles with surface irregularities. Average particle diameter: 3.5 μm, Refractive index: 1.46, Silicone oil adsorption capacity: 95 mL / 100 g

[0266] · MKN02: Manufactured by Nikkorika Co., Ltd. Silicone particles with surface irregularities. Average particle diameter: 2.5 μm, Refractive index: 1.46, Silicone oil adsorption capacity: 100 mL / 100 g

[0267] · Silophobic 507: Manufactured by Fuji Silicia Chemical Co., Ltd. Silica particles with surface irregularities. Average particle diameter: 2.7 μm, Refractive index: 1.46, Silicone oil adsorption capacity: 110 mL / 100 g

[0268] · Sicilia 350: Manufactured by Fuji Silicia Chemical Co., Ltd. Silica particles with surface irregularities. Average particle diameter: 3.9 μm, Refractive index: 1.46, Silicone oil adsorption capacity: 320 mL / 100 g

[0269] · Tech Polymer SSX-103: Manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Spherical PMMA particles. Average particle diameter: 3.0 μm, Refractive index: 1.49, Silicone oil adsorption capacity: 60 mL / 100 g

[0270] · MX-80H3wT: Manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd. Spherical PMMA particles. Average particle diameter: 0.8μm, Refractive index: 1.49, Silicone oil adsorption capacity: 66mL / 100g

[0271] (3) High refractive index nanoparticles, nanoparticles

[0272] · Titaniazole ND: Manufactured by Teika Corporation. Titanium dioxide particles with an average primary particle diameter of 10 nm.

[0273] · Organosilicasol MIBK-AC-2140Y: Manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd. Silica particles with an average primary particle diameter of 12 nm. Refractive index 1.45

[0274] (4) Photopolymerization initiator

[0275] · Omnirad369: IGM RESIN Priest

[0276] · Irgacure OXE02: Manufactured by BASF Japan Co., Ltd.

[0277] (5) Other additives

[0278] · MegaPak F-444: Manufactured by DIC Corporation. Leveling agent

[0279] ·BYK333: ALTANA's product. Antifoamer

[0280] ·BYK3568: Manufactured by ALTANA. Antifoamer

[0281] ·BYK3566: Manufactured by ALTANA. Antifoamer

[0282] · Polyflow 85: Manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd. Leveling agent

[0283] ·UVX-36: Manufactured by Kusumoto Chemical Co., Ltd. Leveling agent

[0284] ·n-Octyl Acrylate: Manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Adhesive

[0285] · AC-303HF: Manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd. Leveling agent

[0286]

[0287]

[0288] Preparation of coating solution for low refractive index layer

[0289] Below, a method for preparing a coating solution for a low refractive index layer is described.

[0290] As solid components included in the coating solution for the low refractive index layer, binder components, nanoparticles, photopolymerization initiators, surface modifiers, and other additives were used. These solid components were added to a solvent mixture containing methyl isobutyl ketone, n-butyl alcohol, 1-methoxy 2-propanol, and diacetone alcohol as described in Table 3 below, so as to achieve the solid component concentrations described in Table 3 below, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes using a desolver to prepare coating solutions B-1 to B-6.

[0291] The materials used as solids in each coating solution and their content, the solvents used, and the contents of methyl isobutyl ketone, n-butyl alcohol, 1-methoxy 2-propanol, and diacetone alcohol in the solvents are as described in Table 3 below. The materials used as solids included in the coating solutions are as follows.

[0292] (1) Binder component

[0293] ·EBECRYL160S: Manufactured by Daicel-All-Nex, Inc.

[0294] · KAYARAD PET-30: Manufactured by Nippon Explosives Corporation

[0295] ·NK Ester A-200: Manufactured by Shinnakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0296] ·NK Ester APG-400: Manufactured by Shinnakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0297] · AR-100: Manufactured by Daikin Industries, Inc.

[0298] (2) Nanoparticles

[0299] Hollow silica microparticles with an average primary particle diameter of 75 nm

[0300] Hollow silica microparticles with an average primary particle diameter of 60 nm

[0301] · Solid silica microparticles with an average primary particle diameter of 10 nm

[0302] (3) Photopolymerization initiator

[0303] · Omnirad184: IGM RESIN Priest

[0304] · Omnirad 907: IGM RESIN Priest

[0305] (4) Surface modifier

[0306] · Optool DAC: Manufactured by Daikin Industries, Inc.

[0307] ·KY-1203: Manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0308] · MegaPak RS-58: Manufactured by Daikin Industries, Inc.

[0309] · MegaPak RS-90: Manufactured by Daikin Industries, Inc.

[0310] · FTERGENT 650A: Neos Co., Ltd.

[0311] (5) Other additives

[0312] ·BYK-066N: Manufactured by ALTANA. Antifoamer

[0313]

[0314] Preparation of coating solution for high refractive index layer

[0315] Next, a method for preparing a coating solution for a high refractive index layer is described.

[0316] As solid components included in the coating solution for the high refractive index layer, a binder component, nanoparticles, a photopolymerization initiator, and other additives were used. These solid components were added to a solvent mixture and stirred for 5 minutes using a desolver to prepare coating solutions C-1 to C-4.

[0317] The materials used as solids in each coating solution and their content, the solvents used, and the contents of methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, and 1-butanol in the solvents are as described in Table 4 below. The materials used as solids in the coating solutions are as follows.

[0318] (1) Binder component

[0319] · KAYARAD PET-30: Manufactured by Nippon Explosives Corporation

[0320] · Light Acrylate PE-4A: Manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0321] · KAYARAD PET-30: Manufactured by Nippon Explosives Corporation

[0322] (2) Nanoparticles

[0323] · Zirconia oxide nanoparticles (high refractive index particles): Average primary particle diameter 7 nm

[0324] · Zirconia oxide nanoparticles (high refractive index particles): Average primary particle diameter 15 nm

[0325] · Titania nanoparticles: Average primary particle diameter 15 nm

[0326] (3) Photopolymerization initiator

[0327] · Omnirad184: IGM RESIN Priest

[0328] · Omnirad 907: IGM RESIN Priest

[0329] (4) Other additives

[0330] · MegaPak F-568: Manufactured by DIC Corporation. Leveling agent

[0331] ·BYK333: ALTANA's product. Antifoamer

[0332] · Polyflow 85: Manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd. Leveling agent

[0333]

[0334] Manufacturing of anti-reflective films

[0335] An anti-reflective film was manufactured using each coating solution prepared as described above.

[0336] 1. Example 1

[0337] Anti-glare coating solution A-1 was coated onto a triacetylcellulose-based FujiTac (manufactured by Fujifilm Corporation, film thickness 60 μm) using a wire bar, and heated and dried at 90°C for 2 minutes. Then, a UV lamp (high-pressure mercury lamp, illuminance 100 mW / cm²) 2An anti-glare layer was formed by irradiating with ) for 4 seconds. As a result, an anti-glare layer with a thickness of 2.0 μm was formed on the substrate.

[0338] Coating solution B-1 for the low-refractive-index layer was coated onto the formed anti-glare layer using a wire bar, and heated and dried at 80°C for 1 minute. Then, under a nitrogen gas atmosphere (oxygen concentration less than 0.1%), a UV lamp (high-pressure mercury lamp, illuminance 100 mW / cm²) was applied. 2 Coating solution B-1 was cured by irradiating it with ) for 3 seconds. As a result, a low refractive index layer with a thickness of 100 nm was formed on the anti-glare.

[0339] Based on the above, an anti-reflection film was manufactured in which an anti-glare layer and a low refractive index layer were sequentially laminated.

[0340] 2. Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2

[0341] The manufacturing method is the same as in Example 1, except that the coating solution A-1 for the anti-glare layer and the coating solution B-1 for the low refractive index layer are the coating solutions described in Table 5 and Table 6 below.

[0342] The thickness of the anti-glare layer and the thickness of the low refractive index layer of the manufactured anti-reflective film are listed in Table 5 and Table 6 below.

[0343] 3. Example 8

[0344] An anti-glare layer was formed on the substrate in the same manner as in Example 1 using coating solution A-1 for the anti-glare layer. Subsequently, coating solution C-1 for the high refractive index layer was coated onto the anti-glare layer using a wire bar, and heated and dried at 90°C for 1 minute. Then, a UV lamp (high-pressure mercury lamp, illuminance 100 mW / cm²) was used. 2 A high refractive index layer was formed by irradiating with ) for 4 seconds. Then, a low refractive index layer was formed on the high refractive index layer in the same manner as in Example 1 using coating solution B-1 for the low refractive index layer.

[0345] According to the above, an anti-reflection film was manufactured in which a substrate, an anti-glare layer, a high refractive index layer, and a low refractive index layer were sequentially laminated. The thickness of the anti-glare layer included in the manufactured anti-reflection film was 1.9 μm, the thickness of the high refractive index layer was 155 nm, and the thickness of the low refractive index layer was 100 nm.

[0346] 4. Examples 9 to 12 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4

[0347] An anti-reflection film was manufactured in which a substrate, an anti-glare layer, a high refractive index layer, and a low refractive index layer were sequentially laminated. Specifically, the manufacturing method is the same as in Example 8, except that the coating solution A-1 for the anti-glare layer, the coating solution C-1 for the high refractive index layer, and the coating solution B-1 for the low refractive index layer were the coating solutions listed in Table 6 below.

[0348] The thickness of the anti-glare layer and the thickness of the low refractive index layer of the manufactured anti-reflective film are listed in Table 6 below.

[0349] Evaluation method

[0350] The following items were evaluated for the anti-reflective films prepared in Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.

[0351] 1. Thickness of the anti-glare layer

[0352] The thickness of the anti-glare layer was measured. Specifically, the thickness of the flat portion of the anti-glare layer was measured by observing a cross-section of the anti-glare layer of the anti-reflection film magnified 2000 times using a scanning electron microscope (SU8600) manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation. At this time, the thickness was measured at n=20 points within the same sample, and the average of the measured values ​​was adopted.

[0353] 2. Refractive index and thickness of the low-refractive-index layer and the high-refractive-index layer

[0354] The refractive index and thickness of the low-refractive-index and high-refractive-index layers were measured using a spectroscopic ellipsometer (VUV-VASE) manufactured by JW Woollam. In this case, the refractive index and thickness were measured at n=3 points within the same sample, and the average of the measured values ​​was adopted.

[0355] 3. Haze value

[0356] The haze value of the anti-reflective film was measured in accordance with JIS K7136:2000 using a haze meter NDH8000 manufactured by Nippon Zenkō Kogyo Co., Ltd. At this time, haze values ​​were measured at n=3 points within the same sample, and the average of the measured values ​​was adopted.

[0357] 4. Gloss values ​​at angles of incidence of 20° and 60°

[0358] The gloss values ​​of the anti-reflective film were measured at incident angles of 20° and 60°. Specifically, a black PET film (Kukirimieru (trademark), manufactured by Tomoegawa Corporation) was attached to the back side (substrate) of the anti-reflective film, and the gloss values ​​were measured by illuminating the surface of the anti-reflective film at incident angles of 20° and 60° using a gloss meter PG-IIM manufactured by Nippon Zenkoku Kogyo. At this time, the gloss values ​​were measured at n=3 points within the same sample, and the average of the measured values ​​was adopted.

[0359] A smaller gloss value indicates superior anti-glare properties.

[0360] 5. SCI Reflectance and Reflective Chromaticity (a* / b*)

[0361] The SCI reflectance and reflectance (a* / b*) of the anti-reflective film were measured. Specifically, a black PET film (Kukirimieru (trademark), manufactured by Tomoegawa Corporation) was attached to the back side (substrate) of the anti-reflective film, and the SCI reflectance and reflectance (a* / b*) of the anti-reflective film (10) were measured using a spectrophotometer CM-26dG manufactured by Konica Minolta Corporation. At this time, the SCI reflectance and reflectance (a* / b*) were measured at n=3 points within the same sample, and the average of the measured values ​​was adopted.

[0362] For anti-reflective films, a lower SCI reflectance value is better, and for anti-reflective films, a smaller absolute value of reflectance chromaticity (a* / b*) is better.

[0363] 6. Evaluation of external light reflection on the display

[0364] It was evaluated whether external light was visible on the display. At this time, an anti-reflective film was attached to a 55-inch display S95C (manufactured by Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.) using an adhesive film. Then, an incandescent light bulb was placed 2m away from the display at a 45° angle. With the display turned on to display an image, the display was observed visually from a position 1m away in the front direction to evaluate whether the incandescent light bulb was visible on the display and the visibility of the image displayed on the display.

[0365] The evaluation was conducted based on the following criteria.

[0366] A: The degree of external light reflection is very low, so the image visibility is excellent.

[0367] B: External light is slightly visible, but the impact on image visibility is minor.

[0368] C: External light is visible, and a decrease in the visibility of the displayed image is observed.

[0369] D: The visibility of the image is poor due to severe external light reflection.

[0370] An evaluation of A or B was considered a pass, and an evaluation of C or D was considered a fail.

[0371] 7. Appearance Evaluation

[0372] The appearance of a display with an anti-reflective film attached was evaluated by visual observation under bright field conditions with an illumination of 600 Lux. The same display used for the evaluation of whether external light was visible was used. The observation of the display's appearance was performed with the display in a non-illuminated state.

[0373] The evaluation was conducted based on the following criteria.

[0374] A: It feels like a dull black.

[0375] B: It feels slightly glossy black.

[0376] C: A slight white tint due to scattered light is felt.

[0377] D: White is perceived due to scattered light.

[0378] An evaluation of A or B was considered a pass, and an evaluation of C or D was considered a fail.

[0379] 8. Evaluation Results

[0380] The evaluation results of the anti-reflective films prepared in Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are listed in Tables 5 and 6 below.

[0381]

[0382]

[0383] As shown in Tables 5 and 6, the results of the external light reflection evaluation and the appearance evaluation for the anti-reflective films according to Examples 1 to 12 both fall within the acceptable range of A or B. In addition, in each of the anti-reflective films according to Examples 1 to 12, it was confirmed that a plurality of high-refractive-index nanoparticles were deposited on the irregularities of the light-scattering particles.

[0384] In contrast, the anti-radiation films according to Comparative Examples 1 and 3, in which the surface of the light-scattering particles included in the anti-glare layer has no irregularities, fell within the unsatisfactory range for both the external light reflection evaluation and the appearance evaluation. Additionally, the anti-reflection films according to Comparative Examples 2 and 4, in which the nanoparticles included in the anti-glare layer have a refractive index of 1.45 rather than a high refractive index, fell within the unsatisfactory range for both the external light reflection evaluation and the appearance evaluation.

[0385] A resin film according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include an antiglare layer and a low refractive index layer. The low refractive index layer may be provided on the antiglare layer. The antiglare layer may include light-scattering particles having irregularities on their surface and a binder. The antiglare layer may include a flat portion and a protrusion from which a portion of the light-scattering particles protrudes from the flat portion. High-refractive-index nanoparticles may be deposited on the irregularities of the light-scattering particles. According to this aspect, a resin film with excellent antiglare properties and low reflectivity can be provided.

[0386] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles may be 1.60 or higher and less than 2.50, and the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer may be less than 1.40. In this case, the light scattering properties of the resin film may be improved.

[0387] In one embodiment, the anti-glare layer may further include high-refractive-index nanoparticles that are not deposited on the irregularities. In this case, the anti-glare properties of the resin film may be excellent and the reflectivity may be low.

[0388] In one embodiment, the average particle diameter of the light-scattering particles (162) may be 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and the average particle diameter of the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) may be 5 nm or more and 100 nm or less. In this case, the light-scattering properties of the resin film may be improved.

[0389] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the light-scattering particles (162) may be 1.42 or higher and 1.60 or lower. In this case, the light-scattering properties of the resin film may be improved.

[0390] In one embodiment, the high-refractive-index nanoparticles may comprise one or more selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, and titania. In this case, the light-scattering properties of the resin film may be improved.

[0391] In one embodiment, the internal haze value of the anti-glare layer may be 2.5% or less. In this case, unnecessary scattering within the anti-glare layer of the resin film can be prevented, thereby reducing the reflectivity.

[0392] In one embodiment, the gloss value of the anti-glare layer, measured by irradiating light at an angle of incidence of 20° from the low-refractive-index layer side onto the surface of the anti-glare layer, may be 10 or less. In this case, the resin film may have a good photorefractive-index layer.

[0393] In one embodiment, the gloss value of the anti-glare layer, measured by irradiating light onto the surface of the anti-glare layer from the low refractive index layer at an angle of incidence of 60°, may be 45 or less. In this case, the resin film may have a good photorefractive index layer.

[0394] In one embodiment, a high-refractive-index layer may be further included between the anti-glare layer and the low-refractive-index layer. In this case, the resin film may have its reflectance reduced and its color quality significantly improved due to the phase difference between the low-refractive-index layer and the high-refractive-index layer.

[0395] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer may be 1.65 or higher and 1.80 or lower. In this case, the light scattering properties of the resin film may be improved.

[0396] A display device according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a display means for displaying an image, and the display means may include the resin film described above. According to this aspect, a display means having excellent anti-reflectivity and low reflectivity can be provided.

[0397] An optical member according to one aspect of the present disclosure may comprise a substrate; and the resin film described above formed on the substrate. According to this aspect, an optical member having excellent anti-glare properties and low reflectivity can be provided.

[0398] In one embodiment, an anisotropic diffusion layer may be included that is interposed between the substrate and the resin film to anisotropically diffuse light. In this case, the optical member may have excellent light-repellent properties and a low reflectivity.

[0399] In one embodiment, a polarizing film that polarizes light may be included, interposed between the substrate and the resin film. In this case, the optical member may have excellent light-repellent properties and low reflectivity.

[0400] A method for manufacturing a resin film according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include: a step of forming an antiglare layer comprising a flat portion and a protrusion portion in which a portion of the light-scattering particles protrudes from the flat portion by coating a first coating solution comprising light-scattering particles having surface irregularities, high-refractive-index nanoparticles, and a first binder component onto a substrate; and a step of forming a low-refractive-index layer by coating a second coating solution comprising hollow silica particles and a second binder component onto the antiglare layer. In this case, a resin film with excellent antiglare properties and low reflectivity can be manufactured.

[0401] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the high-refractive-index nanoparticle may be 1.60 or higher and less than 2.50, and the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer may be less than 1.40.

[0402] In one embodiment, the average particle diameter of the light scattering particles (162) is 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and the average particle diameter of the high refractive index nanoparticles (165) may be 5 nm or more and 100 nm or less.

[0403] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the light-scattering particle (162) may be 1.42 or higher and 1.60 or lower.

[0404] The technical effects intended to be achieved in this document are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs from the description in this document.

[0405] As described above, although the resin film of the present disclosure and the optical member and display device equipped therewith have been described with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and various modifications are possible within the scope without departing from the spirit thereof.

Claims

1. An antiglare layer (16) comprising a light-scattering particle (162) having irregularities (163) on its surface and a binder (161); and It includes a low refractive index layer (17) provided on the above anti-glare layer (16), and The above anti-glare layer (16) includes a flat portion (16a) and a protrusion (16b) from which a portion of the light-scattering particles (162) protrude from the flat portion (16a). A resin film in which high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) are deposited on the irregularities (163) of the light-scattering particles (162).

2. In Paragraph 1, A resin film having a refractive index of 1.60 or higher and less than 2.50 for the high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) and a refractive index of less than 1.40 for the low-refractive-index layer (17).

3. In Paragraph 1, The above antiglare layer (16) is a resin film further comprising high refractive index nanoparticles (165) that are not deposited on the above irregularities (163).

4. In Paragraph 1, The average particle diameter of the light scattering particles (162) is 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and A resin film having an average particle diameter of the high refractive index nanoparticles (165) of 5 nm or more and 100 nm or less.

5. In Paragraph 1, A resin film having a refractive index of the light scattering particles (162) of the above-mentioned light scattering particles of 1.42 or higher and 1.60 or lower.

6. In Paragraph 1, The above high-refractive-index nanoparticles (165) comprise one or more selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia and titania, and are resin films.

7. In Paragraph 1, A resin film having an internal haze value of 2.5% or less of the anti-glare layer (16).

8. In Paragraph 1, A resin film in which the gloss value of the anti-glare layer (16), measured by irradiating light at an angle of incidence of 20° from the low refractive index layer (17) side to the surface of the anti-glare layer (16), is 10 or less.

9. In Paragraph 1, A resin film in which the gloss value of the anti-glare layer (16), measured by irradiating light at an angle of incidence of 60° from the low refractive index layer (17) side to the surface of the anti-glare layer (16), is 45 or less.

10. In Paragraph 1, A resin film further comprising a high refractive index layer (19) provided between the anti-glare layer (16) and the low refractive index layer (17).

11. In Paragraph 10, A resin film having a refractive index of 1.65 or higher and 1.80 or lower for the high refractive index layer (19).

12. A display means for displaying an image; including, The above-mentioned display means is a display device comprising a resin film described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. Recording; and An optical member comprising a resin film described in any one of claims 1 to 11 formed on the above-mentioned substrate.

14. In Paragraph 13, An optical member comprising an anisotropic diffusion layer (18) interposed between the above-mentioned substrate and the above-mentioned resin film to anisotropically diffuse light.

15. In Paragraph 13, An optical member comprising: a polarizing film interposed between the above-mentioned substrate and the above-mentioned resin film to polarize light.

Images