Battery management system and electric device

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure are a battery management system and an electric device. The battery management system comprises: a micro-control chip (10), a battery sampling chip (20), at least one gas sensor (30), at least one signal processing module (40) and at least one external actuator (50), wherein the battery sampling chip (20) is connected to a battery pack, the battery sampling chip (20) is connected to the gas sensor (30), the signal processing module (40) is arranged between the battery sampling chip (20) and the gas sensor (30), and the battery sampling chip (20) is used for acquiring a voltage signal of each battery in the battery pack and a signal collected by the gas sensor (30); and the micro-control chip (10) is connected to the battery sampling chip (20), the micro-control chip (10) is connected to the external actuator (50), and the micro-control chip (10) is used for controlling the state of the external actuator (50) on the basis of the voltage signal and the signal collected by the gas sensor (30).

Description

Battery management system and electrical equipment Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202411560809.X, filed on November 4, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery management system and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0003] With the increasing prevalence of lithium battery energy storage applications, additional sensors are needed to ensure battery safety and monitor battery operating status in real time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail herein. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0005] This disclosure provides a battery management system and an electrical device.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a battery management system, comprising: a microcontroller chip, a battery sampling chip, at least one gas sensor, at least one signal processing module, and at least one external actuator; wherein, the battery sampling chip is connected to a battery pack, the battery sampling chip is connected to the gas sensor, and a signal processing module is disposed between the battery sampling chip and the gas sensor, the battery sampling chip being used to acquire the voltage signals of each battery in the battery pack and the signals acquired by the gas sensor; the microcontroller chip is connected to the battery sampling chip, and the microcontroller chip is connected to the external actuator, the microcontroller chip being used to control the state of the external actuator based on the voltage signals and the signals acquired by the gas sensor.

[0007] In some embodiments, the gas sensor, signal processing module, and battery sampling chip are integrated on the same circuit board; or, the battery samples the outside of the circuit board, and the gas sensor is connected to the signal processing module via a wiring harness.

[0008] In some embodiments, the battery sampling chip includes a power conversion module for providing power to the gas sensor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the battery pack includes multiple batteries connected in series; the battery sampling chip includes an amplifier corresponding to each battery, the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the non-inverting input of the amplifier corresponding to the battery, the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the inverting input of the amplifier corresponding to the battery, and the output of the amplifier is connected to a signal conversion module in the battery sampling chip; a filtering circuit is provided between the battery and the battery sampling chip.

[0010] In some embodiments, the battery sampling chip includes a transistor corresponding to the battery, the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the drain of the transistor corresponding to the battery, and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the source of the transistor corresponding to the battery; a first resistor is provided between the positive terminal of the battery and the drain of the transistor corresponding to the battery, and between the negative terminal of the battery and the source of the transistor corresponding to the battery.

[0011] In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a temperature sampling circuit, which includes a thermistor, a second resistor, and a first capacitor. The first end of the second resistor is connected to the reference voltage interface of the battery sampling chip, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the temperature sampling interface of the battery sampling chip, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the thermistor, the second end of the thermistor is connected to the ground signal of the battery pack, and the two ends of the first capacitor are connected to the first end of the second resistor and the second end of the thermistor, respectively.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a bridging chip that connects the battery sampling chip and the microcontroller chip.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery sampling chip, the bridging chip, and the microcontroller chip are integrated on the same circuit board; or, the bridging chip and the microcontroller chip are integrated on the same circuit board, and the battery sampling chip is integrated on another circuit board.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a control circuit connected between the microcontroller chip and an external actuator.

[0015] In some embodiments, the external actuator is located outside the circuit board where the microcontroller chip is located, and the control circuit and the external actuator are connected by an external wiring harness.

[0016] In some embodiments, the external actuator and the external wiring harness are isolated by a relay, or the external wiring harness is directly connected to the external actuator.

[0017] Secondly, this disclosure also provides an electrical device, including the battery management system provided in this disclosure.

[0018] Thirdly, this disclosure also provides a control method for a battery management system, applied to the aforementioned battery management system. The control method includes: Step S1, the battery management system is powered on, providing normal operating power to the microcontroller chip, battery sampling chip, and gas sensor; Step S2, the microcontroller chip's software is started; Step S3, after normal startup, the microcontroller chip starts a self-test program to check the status of the battery pack, the microcontroller chip itself, the battery sampling chip, the communication between the microcontroller chip and the battery sampling chip, and the gas sensor; Step S4, after verification, configuration information is sent to the battery sampling chip, the configuration information including the chip's operating mode, the number of sampling channels for battery voltage, temperature, and sensors, channel numbers, sampling frequencies, and other corresponding configuration information; Step S5, after configuration, the battery sampling chip starts working according to the configured status to collect voltage signal data and obtain data collected by the gas sensor; Step S6, the microcontroller chip reads the data from the battery sampling chip through communication; Step S7, the microcontroller chip converts the data into actual values ​​according to their respective functional modules, with different conversion formulas corresponding to different sensors; Step S8: Input the sensor information into the safety control algorithm to calculate the battery safety status; Step S9: If the battery safety status reaches the battery safety limit, activate the corresponding protection strategy; Step S10: If the battery safety status is normal, jump to step S6 to continue working.

[0019] In the battery management system disclosed herein, a battery sampling chip is connected to the battery pack, and the battery sampling chip can acquire the voltage signals of each battery in the battery pack. The battery sampling chip is also connected to a gas sensor, and a signal processing module is provided between the battery sampling chip and the gas sensor. Thus, the signal collected by the gas sensor is processed by its corresponding signal processing module and then transmitted to the battery sampling chip. Therefore, the battery sampling chip can acquire the signal collected by the gas sensor, eliminating the need for a separate sampling controller to read and process the signal collected by the gas sensor, which simplifies the system complexity and makes it more flexible to use. Furthermore, the battery sampling chip can acquire the signal collected by the gas sensor simultaneously with the voltage signals of each battery in the battery pack, resulting in high data synchronization, which is beneficial for analyzing battery status and providing early warning of battery risks.

[0020] After reading and understanding the accompanying diagrams and detailed descriptions, other aspects can be understood. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of this application.

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery management system provided in this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a battery management system provided in this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 3 is a connection circuit diagram of the gas sensor and the battery sampling chip provided in this disclosure;

[0026] Figure 4 is another connection circuit diagram of the gas sensor and the battery sampling chip provided in this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 5 is a circuit diagram showing a connection between the battery sampling chip and the battery provided in this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 6 is another connection circuit diagram between the battery sampling chip and the battery provided in this disclosure;

[0029] Figure 7 is a connection circuit diagram of the battery sampling chip and temperature sampling circuit provided in this disclosure;

[0030] Figure 8 is a connection circuit diagram of the battery sampling chip and the microcontroller chip provided in this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 9 is another circuit diagram of the battery management system provided in this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 10 is a connection circuit diagram of the microcontroller chip and external actuator provided in this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 11 is a structural block diagram of an electrical device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure, the solutions disclosed herein will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0035] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this disclosure, but this disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0036] With the increasing prevalence of lithium-ion battery energy storage applications, additional sensors are needed to ensure battery safety and monitor battery operating status in real time. Current sensor data acquisition requires specialized sampling controllers for reading and processing, resulting in high system complexity and limited flexibility.

[0037] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a battery management system and power-consuming equipment, which helps to reduce system complexity, has high data synchronization, facilitates the analysis of battery status, and provides early warning of battery risks.

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system provided in this disclosure. Referring to Figure 1, this embodiment provides a battery management system including: a microcontroller chip 10, a battery sampling chip 20, at least one gas sensor 30, at least one signal processing module 40, and at least one external actuator 50.

[0039] The battery sampling chip 20 is connected to the battery pack and the gas sensor 30. A signal processing module 40 is provided between the battery sampling chip 20 and the gas sensor 30. The battery sampling chip 20 is used to acquire the voltage signals of each battery in the battery pack and the signals collected by the gas sensor 30.

[0040] The microcontroller chip 10 is connected to the battery sampling chip 20 and to the external actuator 50. The microcontroller chip 10 is used to control the state of the external actuator 50 according to the voltage signal and the signal collected by the gas sensor 30.

[0041] In the battery management system provided in this embodiment, the battery sampling chip 20 is connected to the battery pack and can acquire the voltage signals of each battery in the battery pack. The battery sampling chip 20 is also connected to a gas sensor 30, and a signal processing module 40 is provided between the battery sampling chip 20 and the gas sensor 30. With this configuration, the signal collected by the gas sensor 30, after being processed by its corresponding signal processing module 40, can be transmitted to the battery sampling chip 20, enabling the battery sampling chip 20 to acquire the signal collected by the gas sensor 30. This eliminates the need for a separate sampling controller to read and process the signal collected by the gas sensor 30, simplifying the system's complexity and making it more flexible to use. Furthermore, the battery sampling chip 20 can acquire the signal collected by the gas sensor 30 simultaneously with the voltage signals of each battery in the battery pack, resulting in high data synchronization, which is beneficial for analyzing battery status and providing early warnings of battery risks.

[0042] The microcontroller chip 10 is connected to the battery sampling chip 20 and also to the external actuator 50. After acquiring the voltage signal of the battery in the battery pack and the signal collected by the gas sensor 30, the microcontroller chip 10 can calculate the battery state based on the signals and a preset algorithm. Furthermore, it can interact with the external actuator 50 to activate corresponding protection strategies when the battery safety limit is reached. For example, it can stop battery use, activate the external actuator 50, etc., thereby processing the battery state and restoring the battery to a safe state.

[0043] Optionally, the gas sensor 30 may include sensors for aerogel, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, gas pressure, etc. The signal types acquired by the gas sensor 30 include, but are not limited to, analog, digital, PWM (Pulse Width Modulation), and sinusoidal voltage or current signals. The external actuator 50 may be a fire-fighting device, a high-voltage interlocking device, etc.

[0044] Optionally, the signal processing module 40 can perform signal processing such as filtering, amplification, reduction, and transformation on the signal collected by the gas sensor 30, and transmit the processed signal to the battery sampling chip 20, thereby improving the accuracy of the signal collected by the gas sensor 30 and thus improving the accuracy of battery status analysis. The battery sampling chip 20 supports the acquisition of analog signals, the reading of digital signals, and the acquisition of waveforms such as PWM.

[0045] Optionally, the microcontroller chip 10 can be an MCU control chip or a SOC control chip. Of course, in other embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller chip 10 can also be other control chips.

[0046] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a battery management system provided in this disclosure, and Figure 3 is a connection circuit diagram of a gas sensor and a battery sampling chip provided in this disclosure. Referring to Figures 2 and 3, in some optional embodiments, the gas sensor 30, the signal processing module 40 and the battery sampling chip 20 are integrated on the same circuit board.

[0047] The gas sensor 30 is designed to be integrated with the battery sampling chip 20, meaning the gas sensor 30 is directly mounted on the circuit board where the battery sampling chip 20 is located, avoiding interference caused by long-distance transmission. Furthermore, the battery sampling chip 20 is typically designed as part of the battery pack, allowing the gas sensor 30 to also be integrated with the battery pack, enabling it to collect signals locally for analyzing battery status and facilitating early warning of battery risks.

[0048] Optionally, when using the battery sampling chip 20, the needs of the gas sensor 30 must be taken into account, and it should be installed in a location that facilitates the gas sensor 30 in acquiring sensor signals. For example, if the gas sensor 30 is a sensor that collects aerogel ejection due to battery failure, then the entire battery sampling chip 20 and battery system design must consider that the aerogel ejection can be effectively and quickly transmitted to the sensor area, so that the sensor can quickly identify the signal used to analyze the battery status.

[0049] Figure 4 is another connection circuit diagram of the gas sensor and the battery sampling chip provided in this disclosure. Referring to Figures 2 and 4, in some optional embodiments, the battery sampling chip 20 and the signal processing module 40 are integrated on the same circuit board, the gas sensor 30 is located outside the circuit board, and the gas sensor 30 is connected to the signal processing module 40 through the wiring harness 60.

[0050] The gas sensor 30 is located outside the circuit board where the battery sampling chip 20 is located, meaning the gas sensor 30 can be arranged separately from the battery sampling chip 20. This facilitates placing the gas sensor 30 within the effective signal acquisition area. In this case, the signal processing module 40 and the gas sensor 30 can be connected via a wiring harness 60 to achieve signal transmission.

[0051] The signal collected by the gas sensor 30 is processed by its corresponding signal processing module 40. The processed signal enters the signal conversion module ADC within the battery sampling chip 20 through the GPIO0 interface for signal conversion. The converted signal is then transmitted to the microcontroller chip 10. For example, when the signal collected by the gas sensor 30 is an analog signal, the signal conversion module within the battery sampling chip 20 can convert it into a digital signal. Of course, in other embodiments of this disclosure, the signal collected by the gas sensor 30 can also be other signals, and correspondingly, the signal conversion module within the battery sampling chip 20 can also convert other signals into digital signals. This will not be elaborated further in this embodiment.

[0052] Optionally, Figures 3 and 4 exemplarily show that the signal processing module 40 is a filtering circuit, thereby enabling the signal processing module 40 to filter the signal and avoid interference from the transmission line. It should be noted that in other embodiments of this disclosure, the signal processing module 40 can also be other filtering circuits. Of course, the signal processing module 40 can also be other signal processing modules such as amplification, reduction, and transformation, which will not be described in detail here.

[0053] Optionally, power signals or other signals can be transmitted to the gas sensor 30 via the wiring harness 60, thereby enabling the gas sensor 30 to operate.

[0054] Referring again to Figure 2, in some alternative embodiments, the battery sampling chip 20 includes a power conversion module for providing a power supply VCC to the gas sensor 30.

[0055] The positive terminal P+ of the battery pack is connected to the BAT interface of the battery sampling chip 20. The battery sampling chip 20 includes a power conversion module, so that the LDO interface of the battery sampling chip 20 can stably output the power supply VCC. The power supply VCC can provide power to the gas sensor 30, ensuring that the gas sensor 30 works normally.

[0056] Figure 5 is a circuit diagram showing a connection between a battery sampling chip and a battery provided in this disclosure. Referring to Figures 2 and 5, in some alternative embodiments, the battery pack includes multiple batteries connected in series.

[0057] The battery sampling chip 20 includes an amplifier D corresponding to the battery. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier D, the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier D, and the output terminal of the amplifier D is connected to the signal conversion module ADC in the battery sampling chip 20.

[0058] A filter circuit 70 is provided between the battery and the battery sampling chip 20.

[0059] In the battery pack, batteries Cell1 to Celln are connected in series, P- is the negative terminal of battery Cell1, and P+ is the positive terminal of battery Celln. That is, P+ and P- are the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack. P+ and P- serve as the power supply for the battery sampling chip 20, which draws power from the battery pack.

[0060] The interfaces C0-Cn of the battery sampling chip 20 are connected to each battery in the battery pack, so that the interfaces C0 to Cn of the battery sampling chip 20 can be used to realize the voltage sampling input of the battery. It can collect the series voltage signal of n batteries in the battery pack. After the battery sampling chip 20 collects the battery voltage signal, it inputs the battery voltage signal to the internal signal conversion module, which converts it into a digital signal.

[0061] A filter circuit 70 is provided between the battery and the battery sampling chip 20 to avoid interference from the transmission line.

[0062] Optionally, the filter circuit 70 includes two resistors and a capacitor. The two ends of the capacitor are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the corresponding battery, respectively. A resistor is provided between the capacitor and the positive terminal of the corresponding battery, and between the capacitor and the negative terminal of the corresponding battery.

[0063] For example, referring to Figure 5, the positive terminal of battery Celln is connected to the non-inverting input of the corresponding amplifier D through interface Cn of battery sampling chip 20, and the negative terminal of battery Celln is connected to the inverting input of the corresponding amplifier D through interface Cn-1 of battery sampling chip 20. The output of amplifier D is connected to the signal conversion module in battery sampling chip 20, and the filter circuit 70 includes two resistors R. Cn R Cn-1 and a capacitor C Cn Capacitor C Cn The two ends of the capacitor are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery Celln, respectively, and the capacitor C Cn A resistor R is placed between the positive terminal of the battery Celln and the positive terminal. Cn Capacitor C Cn A resistor R is placed between the negative terminal of the Celln battery and the negative terminal. Cn-1 .

[0064] It should be noted that this embodiment exemplarily shows that the filter circuit 70 includes two resistors and one capacitor. In other embodiments of this disclosure, the filter circuit 70 may also be other circuit structures, which will not be described in detail here.

[0065] It should be noted that the number of batteries in the battery pack can be set according to actual needs, and this disclosure does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0066] Optionally, the battery sampling chip 20 may include multiple signal conversion modules, with different signals converted through different signal conversion modules. Alternatively, a single signal conversion module may be provided, comprising multiple signal conversion units, with different signals converted through different signal conversion units.

[0067] Figure 6 is another connection circuit diagram of the battery sampling chip and the battery provided in this disclosure. Referring to Figures 2 and 6, in some optional embodiments, the battery sampling chip 20 includes a transistor M corresponding to the battery, the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the drain of the corresponding transistor M, and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the source of the corresponding transistor M.

[0068] A first resistor is provided between the positive terminal of the battery and the drain of the corresponding transistor M, and between the negative terminal of the battery and the source of the corresponding transistor M.

[0069] Interfaces B0 to Bn of the battery sampling chip 20 are connected to each battery in the battery pack. Each battery in the battery pack, its corresponding transistor M, and the two first resistors located between them form a discharge equalization circuit. When transistor M is turned on, each battery discharges through its corresponding two first resistors to reduce its charge.

[0070] After the battery sampling chip 20 collects the voltage signals of each battery, it transmits the signals to the microcontroller chip 10. After the microcontroller chip 10 obtains the voltage signals of the batteries in the battery pack, it can calculate the state of the battery based on the voltage signals and preset algorithms. Then, it can interact with the transistor M in the microcontroller chip 10. When the voltage of a certain battery is too high, it controls the corresponding transistor M to turn on, thereby discharging to reduce the amount of power.

[0071] For example, referring to Figure 6, the positive terminal of battery Celln is connected to the drain of the corresponding transistor M through interface Bn of battery sampling chip 20, and the negative terminal of battery Celln is connected to the source of the corresponding transistor M through interface Bn-1 of battery sampling chip 20. A first resistor R is provided between transistor M and the positive terminal of battery Celln. Bn A first resistor R is provided between transistor M and the negative terminal of battery Celln. Bn-1 .

[0072] Figure 7 is a connection circuit diagram of the battery sampling chip and temperature sampling circuit provided in this disclosure. Referring to Figures 2 and 7, in some optional embodiments, the battery management system further includes a temperature sampling circuit 80, which includes a thermistor NTC and a second resistor R. GPIOn and the first capacitor C ref The second resistor R GPIOn The first terminal is connected to the reference voltage interface V of the battery sampling chip 20. ref Connection, second resistor R GPIOn The second terminal is connected to the temperature sampling interface GPIOn of the battery sampling chip 20, and the second resistor R GPIOn The second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the thermistor NTC, and the second terminal of the thermistor NTC is connected to the ground signal GND_B of the battery pack. The first capacitor C ref The two ends are respectively connected to the second resistor R GPIOn The first terminal is connected to the second terminal of the thermistor NTC.

[0073] Reference voltage interface V of battery sampling chip 20 ref The output reference voltage is achieved by the thermistor NTC, whose resistance decreases with increasing temperature. The second resistor RGPIOn is a high-precision resistor. Therefore, the thermistor NTC, the second resistor RGPIOn, and the first capacitor C... ref A high-precision conversion circuit is constructed to convert the thermistor NTC input signal into a voltage signal. The temperature sampling interface GPIOn of the battery sampling chip 20 collects the corresponding voltage signal and converts it into a digital signal through the signal conversion module ADC in the battery sampling chip 20, thereby realizing temperature sampling. The battery status can be further analyzed based on the temperature signal.

[0074] Figure 8 is a connection circuit diagram of the battery sampling chip and the microcontroller chip provided in this disclosure. Referring to Figures 2 and 8, in some optional embodiments, the battery management system further includes a bridging chip 90, which is connected between the battery sampling chip 20 and the microcontroller chip 10.

[0075] The battery sampling chip 20 and the microcontroller chip 10 can communicate via a daisy-chain method. The daisy-chain uses isolated transmission. The ground signal on the battery sampling chip 20 side is GND_B, which is the battery ground, and the ground signal on the microcontroller chip 10 side is GND_D, which is the low-voltage ground. High-low voltage isolation is achieved through isolation. When the microcontroller chip 10 does not have daisy-chain communication capabilities, a bridge chip 90 can be set up. The bridge chip 90 is connected between the battery sampling chip 20 and the microcontroller chip 10. The microcontroller chip 10 can read the information from the battery sampling chip 20 via the daisy-chain after conversion by the bridge chip 90. Of course, the communication mode between the battery sampling chip 20 and the microcontroller chip 10 is not limited to daisy-chain; it can also be SPI, I2C, CAN, 485, etc., which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0076] Optionally, the microcontroller chip 10 can connect to the bridge chip 90 via conventional communication protocols such as SPI and I2C. In one embodiment, the connection uses SPI. The bridge chip 90 can be directly connected to the battery sampling chip 20 via a daisy-chain connection, or it can be connected to the battery sampling chip 20 after electromagnetic or photoelectric signal isolation. In one embodiment, the isolation is electromagnetic isolation. Choosing the isolation method can improve high and low voltage safety. Of course, in other embodiments of this disclosure, the microcontroller chip 10 can also directly read the information of the battery sampling chip 20 via a daisy-chain connection, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0077] Referring again to Figures 2 and 8, in some alternative embodiments, the battery sampling chip 20, the bridging chip 90, and the microcontroller chip 10 are integrated on the same circuit board.

[0078] The battery management system can adopt a single-board design, that is, the battery sampling chip 20, the bridging chip 90 and the microcontroller chip 10 are integrated on the same circuit board.

[0079] Figure 9 is another circuit diagram of the battery management system provided in this disclosure. Referring to Figure 9, in some optional embodiments, the bridging chip 90 and the microcontroller chip 10 are integrated on the same circuit board, and the battery sampling chip 20 is integrated on another circuit board.

[0080] The battery management system can adopt a multi-board design, where the bridging chip 90 and the microcontroller chip 10 are integrated on the same circuit board, and the battery sampling chip 20 is integrated on a different circuit board. The battery sampling chip 20 and the bridging chip 90 are connected via a communication line. Optionally, the battery sampling chip 20 and the bridging chip 90 can be connected via shielded twisted-pair cable.

[0081] Figure 10 is a connection circuit diagram of the microcontroller chip and the external actuator provided in this disclosure. Referring to Figures 2 and 10, in some optional embodiments, the battery management system further includes a control circuit 51, which is connected between the microcontroller chip 10 and the external actuator 50.

[0082] A control circuit 51 is provided between the microcontroller chip 10 and the external actuator 50. The control circuit 51 includes resistors R1 and R2, capacitor C1, controller Q1, and diode D1. Resistor R1 and capacitor C1 form a filter circuit to prevent interference from affecting the stability of the output signal. Resistor R1 and resistor R2 form a voltage divider circuit to limit the control voltage of controller Q1 and prevent high voltage from damaging controller Q1. Controller Q1 acts as the main controller; when controller Q1 is turned on, it starts the external actuator 50; when controller Q1 is turned off, it has no effect on the external actuator 50. Diode D1 provides freewheeling current for the external actuator 50, preventing damage to controller Q1.

[0083] After the microcontroller chip 10 acquires the data from the gas sensor 30 collected by the battery sampling chip 20, it first converts the acquired signal into an actual signal value. Then, the built-in algorithm determines the true state of the gas sensor 30 based on the actual signal value of the gas sensor 30, as well as the preset upper and lower limits and control logic. This allows it to deduce the actual state and risk of the battery. For the predicted battery risk, the microcontroller chip 10 will activate the corresponding safety protection mechanism, such as issuing an alarm signal for the corresponding risk and activating external action devices 50 such as fire-fighting equipment in case of battery fire.

[0084] Optionally, the external actuator 50 is generally externally mounted, and data transmission and control between the control circuit 51 and the external actuator 50 can be achieved through an external wiring harness.

[0085] Optionally, the external actuator 50 and the external wiring harness can be isolated by a relay K1. Of course, in other embodiments of this disclosure, the relay K1 can be omitted as needed, and the external wiring harness can be directly connected to the external actuator 50. Further details will not be elaborated upon here.

[0086] This disclosure also provides a control method for a battery management system, applied to the battery management system provided in this disclosure, the control method including steps S1 to S10.

[0087] Step S1: The system is powered on, providing normal operating power to the microcontroller chip, battery sampling chip, and gas sensor.

[0088] Step S2: The software of the microcontroller chip is started.

[0089] Step S3: After normal startup is completed, the microcontroller chip starts a self-test program, which includes checking the status of the battery pack, the microcontroller chip itself, the battery sampling chip, the communication between the microcontroller chip and the battery sampling chip, and the gas sensor.

[0090] Step S4: After verification, send configuration information to the battery sampling chip, including the chip's operating mode, the number of sampling channels for battery voltage, temperature and sensors, channel number, sampling frequency and other corresponding configuration information.

[0091] Step S5: After configuration, the battery sampling chip starts working according to the configured state to collect voltage signal data and obtain the data collected by the gas sensor.

[0092] In step S6, the microcontroller chip reads data from the battery sampling chip via communication.

[0093] In step S7, the microcontroller chip converts the data into actual values ​​according to their respective functional modules, with different conversion formulas corresponding to different sensors.

[0094] Step S8: Input the sensor information into the safety control algorithm to calculate the battery safety status.

[0095] Step S9: If the battery safety status reaches the battery safety limit, activate the corresponding protection strategy, such as stopping battery use or activating external action devices such as fire extinguishers.

[0096] If the battery is in a safe and normal state in step S10, proceed to step S6 to continue working.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a structural block diagram of an electrical device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 11, the electrical device 1000 provided in this embodiment includes a battery management system 100, wherein the battery management system 100 is the battery management system described in the foregoing embodiments. Specifically, for the specific structural diagram of the battery management system 100, please refer to the description of the battery management system and specific components of the battery management system in the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 10, which also have corresponding beneficial effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0098] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of this disclosure is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features disclosed in this disclosure that have similar functions.

[0099] Furthermore, while the operations are described in a specific order, this should not be construed as requiring these operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in a sequential order. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments.

[0100] Although the subject matter has been described using language specific to structural features and / or methodological logic, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are merely illustrative examples of implementing the claims.

[0101] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A battery management system, comprising: The microcontroller chip (10), the battery sampling chip (20), at least one gas sensor (30), at least one signal processing module (40), and at least one external actuator (50); The battery sampling chip (20) is connected to the battery pack and the gas sensor (30). A signal processing module (40) is provided between the battery sampling chip (20) and the gas sensor (30). The battery sampling chip (20) is used to acquire the voltage signal of each battery in the battery pack and the signal collected by the gas sensor (30). The microcontroller chip (10) is connected to the battery sampling chip (20) and the microcontroller chip (10) is connected to the external actuator (50). The microcontroller chip (10) is used to control the state of the external actuator (50) according to the voltage signal and the signal collected by the gas sensor (30).

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, wherein, The gas sensor (30), the signal processing module (40), and the battery sampling chip (20) are integrated on the same circuit board; Alternatively, the battery sampling chip (20) and the signal processing module (40) are integrated on the same circuit board, the gas sensor (30) is located outside the circuit board, and the gas sensor is connected to the signal processing module (40) through a wire harness (60).

3. The battery management system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The battery sampling chip (20) includes a power conversion module, which provides power to the gas sensor (30).

4. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The battery pack includes a plurality of the batteries connected in series; The battery sampling chip (20) includes an amplifier (D) corresponding to the battery. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier corresponding to the battery, the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier (D) corresponding to the battery, and the output terminal of the amplifier (D) is connected to the signal conversion module in the battery sampling chip (20). A filter circuit (70) is provided between the battery and the battery sampling chip (20).

5. The battery management system according to claim 4, wherein, The battery sampling chip (20) includes a transistor (M) corresponding to the battery, the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the drain of the transistor (M) corresponding to the battery, and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the source of the transistor (M) corresponding to the battery. A first resistor (R) is provided between the positive terminal of the battery and the drain of the transistor (M) corresponding to the battery, and between the negative terminal of the battery and the source of the transistor (M) corresponding to the battery. Bn R Bn-1 ).

6. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: Temperature sampling circuit (80), the temperature sampling circuit (80) includes a thermistor (NTC) and a second resistor (R). GPIOn ) and the first capacitor (C) ref ), the second resistor (R) GPIOn The first terminal of the battery sampling chip (20) is connected to the reference voltage interface (V). ref ) connected, the second resistor (R) GPIOn The second end of the resistor is connected to the temperature sampling interface (GPIOn) of the battery sampling chip (20), and the second resistor (R) GPIOn The second terminal of the first capacitor (Cref) is connected to the first terminal of the thermistor (NTC), and the second terminal of the thermistor (NTC) is connected to the ground signal (GND_B) of the battery pack. The two terminals of the first capacitor (Cref) are respectively connected to the second resistor (R). GPIOn The first end of the thermistor (NTC) is connected to the second end of the thermistor (NTC).

7. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: A bridging chip (90) is connected between the battery sampling chip (20) and the microcontroller chip (10).

8. The battery management system according to claim 7, wherein, The battery sampling chip (20), the bridging chip (90), and the microcontroller chip (10) are integrated on the same circuit board; Alternatively, the bridging chip (90) and the microcontroller chip (10) may be integrated on the same circuit board, and the battery sampling chip (20) may be integrated on another circuit board.

9. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: A control circuit (51) is connected between the microcontroller chip (10) and the external actuator (50).

10. The battery management system according to claim 9, wherein, The external actuator (50) is located outside the circuit board where the microcontroller chip (10) is located, and the control circuit (51) and the external actuator (50) are connected by an external wiring harness.

11. The battery management system according to claim 10, wherein, The external actuator (50) and the external wiring harness are isolated by a relay (K1), or the external wiring harness is directly connected to the external actuator (50).

12. An electrical device comprising a battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A control method for a battery management system, applied to a battery management system as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, the control method comprising: Step S1: The battery management system is powered on to provide normal operating power for the microcontroller chip (10), the battery sampling chip (20), and the gas sensor (30); Step S2, the software of the microcontroller chip (10) is started; Step S3: After normal startup is completed, the microcontroller chip (10) starts a self-test program to check the status of the battery pack, the microcontroller chip (10) itself, the battery sampling chip (20), the communication between the microcontroller chip (10) and the battery sampling chip (20), and the gas sensor (30). Step S4: After verification, the configuration information is sent to the battery sampling chip (20). The configuration information includes the chip's working mode, the number of sampling channels for battery voltage, temperature and sensors, channel number, sampling frequency and other corresponding configuration information. Step S5: After configuration, the battery sampling chip starts working according to the configured state to collect voltage signal data and obtain the data collected by the gas sensor. In step S6, the microcontroller chip (10) reads data from the battery sampling chip (20) via communication; In step S7, the microcontroller chip (10) converts the data into actual values ​​according to their respective functional modules, and different sensors correspond to different conversion formulas; Step S8: Input the sensor information into the safety control algorithm to calculate the battery safety status; Step S9: If the battery safety status reaches the battery safety limit, activate the corresponding protection strategy; If the battery is in a safe and normal state in step S10, proceed to step S6 to continue working.

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