Control device and energy storage system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage. Provided are a control device and an energy storage system. The control device comprises a cabinet, a control assembly, and a functional module. The cabinet is provided with a cavity. The control assembly is located in the cavity. The functional module comprises at least one of a busbar assembly and a power distribution assembly. The functional module is disposed in the cavity. The busbar assembly is configured to collect currents from battery clusters, and the power distribution assembly is configured to supply power to components within the cabinet. The control assembly and the functional module are integrated as a whole within the cavity of the cabinet, thereby reducing additional connections and wiring, improving the integration level and compactness of the entire system, and achieving lower costs and higher volume utilization.

Description

Control device and energy storage system

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202422671078.8, filed on October 31, 2024, and entitled "A control device and energy storage system", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and in particular to a control device and energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the continuous development of power systems, control devices can meet the requirements for power supply reliability, safety and response speed.

[0004] However, the various modules in conventional energy storage products are arranged in a scattered manner, resulting in long connection wire harnesses between different modules and low volume utilization. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a control device and energy storage system, which reduces additional connections and wiring, improves the integration and compactness of the entire system, and solves the problems of long connection wire harnesses and low volume utilization in the switchgear due to the scattered arrangement of various modules.

[0006] The present application provides the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0007] The present application provides a control device, comprising:

[0008] a cabinet body, the cabinet body having a cavity therein;

[0009] a control assembly located in the cavity;

[0010] a function module, the function module comprising at least one of a bus assembly and a power distribution assembly, the function module being arranged in the cavity, the bus assembly being used to collect the current of a battery cluster, and the power distribution assembly being used to supply power to components in the cabinet body.

[0011] The control device provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a cabinet body, a control assembly and a function module. The cabinet body has a cavity, the control assembly is located in the cavity, the control assembly is used for battery cluster energy control, the function module comprises at least one of a current collection assembly and a power distribution assembly, the function module is arranged in the cavity, the current collection assembly is used for collecting the current of the battery cluster, and the power distribution assembly is used for power supply of components in the cabinet body. The plurality of control assemblies and the function module are located in the cavity, thereby reducing additional connection and wiring, improving the integration and compactness of the whole system, reducing the cost, and improving the volume utilization rate.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the control assembly comprises a BMS assembly, the function module comprises a current collection assembly and a power distribution assembly, and the current collection assembly, the power distribution assembly and the BMS assembly are located in the cavity. In this way, in the power distribution cabinet, three modules of power distribution, current collection and BMS are integrated, the three modules share one cabinet body, the distance between the modules is short, the connection between the modules is more convenient, the harness used is shorter, and the cost is lower.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the cavity comprises a first cavity and a second cavity arranged along a first direction; the power distribution assembly is integrated in the first cavity; the current collection assembly and the plurality of BMS assemblies are integrated in the second cavity, the current collection assembly and the BMS assemblies are arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the current collection assembly is connected with the BMS assemblies. In this way, the three modules of the current collection assembly, the power distribution assembly and the BMS assembly are integrated in the same cabinet body, the floor area is reduced, the space utilization is optimized, the stability and reliability of the whole system are improved, and the maintenance and repair work is more convenient and fast.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the control device further comprises a heat dissipation structure arranged at the top end of the cabinet body, and the heat dissipation structure is used for heat dissipation of the cavity in the cabinet body. In this way, the components in the cabinet body can be timely heat dissipated through the heat dissipation structure, the system stability and reliability are improved, and the components can operate at a suitable temperature.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the heat dissipation structure comprises a heat sink, a first air duct and a second air duct, the heat sink is fixed at the top end of the cabinet body, the first air duct and the second air duct are not communicated, the first air duct has a supply air port and a return air port, one of the supply air port and the return air port is communicated with the first cavity of the cabinet body, the other of the supply air port and the return air port is communicated with the second cavity of the cabinet body, and the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated through a first air port, so that the first air duct, the first cavity and the second cavity form a cooling air duct.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the second air duct includes an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged on the heat radiator, and the second air duct is used for heat exchange of the heat recovered by the first air duct. In this way, the first air duct is heat exchanged by the second air duct, so that the internal circulation air cooling is realized, and the damage of corrosive gas to devices in the cabinet caused by the heat dissipation through the cabinet and the outside is avoided.

[0017] In a possible implementation, an air inlet is arranged on an inner wall of the first cavity and is in communication with the air supply port, and an air outlet is arranged on an inner wall of the second cavity and is in communication with the air return port.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the functional module further includes a fire-fighting assembly, the fire-fighting assembly, the current collection assembly, the power distribution assembly and the BMS assembly are all located in the cavity. In this way, the power distribution cabinet integrates four modules of power distribution, fire-fighting, current collection and BMS. The four modules share one cabinet, the distance between the modules is short, the wire harness connection is more convenient, the wire harness used is shorter, the cost is lower, and the volume utilization rate is higher.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the fire-fighting assembly and the power distribution assembly are integrated in the first cavity of the cabinet, and part of structures in the fire-fighting assembly and the power distribution assembly are arranged along a second direction, and part of structures in the fire-fighting assembly and the power distribution assembly are arranged along a first direction; the current collection assembly and the plurality of BMS assemblies are integrated in the second cavity of the cabinet. In this way, referring to FIG. 2, the power distribution and the fire-fighting are integrated in the left cabinet of the power distribution cabinet (i.e., in the first cavity), and the current collection and the BMS are integrated in the right cabinet of the power distribution cabinet (i.e., in the second cavity), so that the influence of the magnetic field generated by the high-voltage module on the line communication of the low-voltage module is avoided, and the reliability of the energy storage system is effectively ensured.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the power distribution assembly includes a switching power supply, a battery and a first relay; the fire-fighting assembly includes a fire-fighting host and a fire-fighting control unit; the battery, the fire-fighting host and the fire-fighting control unit are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the fire-fighting host is close to the bottom end of the first cavity and away from the second cavity; the switching power supply and the first relay are arranged along the second direction and close to the second cavity.

[0021] In a possible implementation, an inner wall of the first cavity close to the switching power supply or the first relay is provided with an air inlet communicating with the air outlet; an inner wall of the second cavity close to the top end of the BMS assembly is provided with an air outlet communicating with the air inlet. In this way, in an emergency, the fire control host can quickly respond and control the fire control unit to start releasing fire extinguishing gas. Moreover, the devices with high heat release are arranged on the inner circulating air duct, and the devices with low heat release and large volume are arranged away from the air inlet, so as to prevent the air flow on the inner circulating air duct from being blocked and affecting the heat dissipation effect.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the BMS assembly comprises a housing, a circuit breaker, a first fuse and a second relay arranged in the housing, one end of the first fuse is connected with the circuit breaker, and the other end of the first fuse is connected with the second relay; the circuit breaker is provided with a handle for controlling the opening or closing of the circuit. In this way, when a group of BMS assemblies fails, the opening or closing of the circuit is controlled by operating the handle, and the faulty BMS assembly is disassembled and replaced by loosening the bolts, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the BMS assembly further comprises a fan arranged on the first fuse, and the fan is used for heat dissipation of the first fuse. In this way, the fan is used for auxiliary heat dissipation, so as to prevent the local overheating of the BMS assembly from seriously affecting the normal work of the devices.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the housing is provided with a second air port and a third air port at two ends along a second direction respectively, the second air port is directed to the top end of the second cavity and opposite to the air outlet arranged at the top end of the second cavity, the third air port is directed to the bus assembly, and the first cavity and the second cavity are further provided with a first air port, the first cavity and the second cavity are connected through the first air port, and the first air port is directed to the bus assembly.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the bus assembly comprises an output row and a bus row, one end of the output row is connected with the bus row, and the other end of the output row is connected with the third air port directed to the bus assembly. The current of the battery cluster is collected together by the bus row, so as to facilitate unified output or subsequent processing, effectively reduce the cost, and save the space in the second cavity.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the bus assembly further comprises a second fuse and a wire harness, one end of the second fuse is connected with the busbar, the other end of the second fuse is connected with the wire harness, and the second fuse is used to cut off the circuit when the current is abnormal. In this way, when an abnormal condition occurs in the circuit, such as overcurrent or short circuit, the circuit can be quickly fused and cut off to prevent the system from being damaged or causing a fire, etc.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the cabinet further comprises a cabinet door and a partition plate, the cabinet door forms a cavity with the cabinet, the cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by the partition plate, the partition plate is provided with a first air port for connecting the first cavity and the second cavity, and the first air port is arranged on a side facing the bus assembly, and the cabinet door comprises a first cabinet door corresponding to the first cavity and a second cabinet door corresponding to the second cavity. In this way, different devices in the same cavity can be maintained or replaced by opening different cabinet doors, which facilitates daily maintenance and fault maintenance.

[0028] The application also provides an energy storage system, comprising:

[0029] The energy storage system cabinet and the control device, the control device is arranged at an end of the energy storage system cabinet, the energy storage system cabinet is provided with a battery cluster, and the battery cluster is connected with the control assembly of the control device.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the energy storage system cabinet is multiple, and the control device is arranged at one end of each energy storage system cabinet, the cabinet bodies of the control devices of adjacent two energy storage system cabinets are arranged back to back along the length direction of the energy storage system cabinet, and the cabinet bodies of the control devices of adjacent two energy storage system cabinets are arranged shoulder to shoulder along the width direction of the energy storage system cabinet. In this way, the maintenance operation space between the energy storage system cabinets can be reduced, and the space utilization rate of the station is improved. In the limited space, more energy storage systems can be installed, the capacity of the station is improved, and the land cost is reduced.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the PCS assembly is further provided, the PCS assembly is connected with the bus assembly of the control device through the wire harness, the PCS assembly converts the direct current output by the bus assembly into alternating current, or the PCS assembly is connected with each control assembly of the control device, so that the control device outputs alternating current.

[0032] In a possible implementation, one end of the energy storage system cabinet is provided with a corner column, and the corner column encloses a space for accommodating the control device.

[0033] In addition to the technical problems solved by this application, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions as described above, other technical problems that the control device and energy storage system provided by this application can solve, other technical features contained in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further explained in detail in the specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only a part of the embodiments of this application. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of this application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the control device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cabinet of the control device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the BMS component of the control device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation airflow of the control device provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the control device provided in the embodiment of this application in the energy storage system cabinet;

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of multiple energy storage system cabinets provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10, Control device; 20, Energy storage system cabinet; 100, Cabinet body; 120, Partition; 130, First cavity; 140, Second cavity; 150, First cabinet door; 160, Second cabinet door; 170, Third cabinet door; 101, Air inlet; 102, Air outlet; 103, Opening; 121, First air vent; 200, BMS component; 210, Housing; 220, Circuit breaker; 230, First fuse; 240, Second relay; 250, Handle; 260, Fan; 211, Second air vent; 212, Third air vent; 300, Busbar assembly; 310, Busbar; 320, Output busbar; 330, Second fuse; 340, Wiring harness; 400, Power distribution assembly; 410, Switching power supply; 420, Battery; 430, First relay; 500. Heat dissipation structure; 510. Radiator; 520. First air duct; 530. Second air duct; 531. Air inlet; 532. Air outlet; 600. Fire protection components; 610. Fire protection control panel; 620. Fire protection control unit; 700. Corner post. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Typically, the modules in energy storage products are scattered, and the connecting harnesses between different modules are long, resulting in low volume utilization.

[0044] In view of this, the control device of this application integrates the control components and functional modules into one unit within the cabinet cavity, reducing additional connections and wiring, improving the integration and compactness of the entire system, resulting in lower costs and higher volume utilization. By setting up separate first and second air ducts, heat within the cabinet is dissipated in a timely manner, meeting sealing requirements and improving the cabinet's protection level, enabling normal operation under various harsh conditions.

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the control device provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control device provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the cabinet of the control device provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the BMS component of the control device provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation air duct of the control device provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the control device provided in the embodiment of this application in the energy storage system cabinet; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of multiple energy storage system cabinets provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0047] This application provides a control device, which may include a cabinet 100, a control component, and a functional module. The cabinet 100 has a cavity. The control component is located within the cavity and is used to control the energy of 420 battery clusters. The functional module includes at least one of a busbar component 300 and a power distribution component 400, and is disposed within the cavity. The busbar component 300 collects the current from the battery clusters, and the power distribution component 400 supplies power to the components within the cabinet 100. At least one of the busbar component 300 and the power distribution component 400 is integrated with multiple control components within the cabinet 100. The busbar component 300 collects and outputs the current from the 420 battery clusters. The power distribution component 400 is connected to mains power and supplies power to the components within the cabinet 100.

[0048] For example, as shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment of the application, the control device includes a cabinet 100, the interior of which has a cavity for accommodating control components and functional modules. The control components can be BMS components 200, or other controllers such as fire controllers. The BMS component 200 (Battery Management System) is the core part of the control device, responsible for monitoring and controlling the energy state of the battery clusters. Multiple BMS components 200 are located within the cabinet 100, enabling energy management of multiple battery clusters to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the batteries 420. In this embodiment of the application, referring to Figure 2, the number of BMS components 200 is four groups. It should be noted that the number of BMS components 200 can be four groups but is not limited to four groups; it can be any number of groups, such as five, six, or seven groups. Each group of BMS components 200 can connect to one battery cluster (not shown in the figure) or multiple battery clusters.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 2. The cabinet 100 can also accommodate functional modules. These modules may include at least one of a busbar assembly 300 and a power distribution assembly 400. For example, a functional module may include a busbar assembly 300, a power distribution assembly 400, or both. This integrates a BMS component 200 and a busbar assembly 300 within the cabinet 100, or vice versa, or integrates the busbar assembly 300, power distribution assembly 400, and BMS component 200 into a single unit, improving the overall system integration and operational efficiency. The busbar assembly 300 collects the current from the 420 battery clusters and outputs it outside the cabinet 100. The return current assembly 300 also collects the current and distributes it to each battery. The busbar assembly 300 ensures stable current output. The power distribution component 400 is connected to the mains power supply to provide power to the components inside the cabinet 100. The power distribution component 400 can ensure that the control device can still work normally and provide stable power support when the mains power supply is insufficient or interrupted.

[0050] As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, the functional module may include a busbar assembly 300 and a power distribution assembly 400, all of which are located within the cavity. It is understood that integrating the busbar assembly 300, power distribution assembly 400, and multiple BMS components 200 into the same cabinet 100 reduces the use of cables, connectors, and other components, lowers costs, reduces floor space, optimizes space utilization, improves the stability and reliability of the entire system, and makes maintenance and repair more convenient and efficient.

[0051] In this embodiment of the application, for ease of description, the length direction of the power distribution cabinet is defined as the X direction, i.e., the first direction, and the width direction of the power distribution cabinet is defined as the Y direction. The height direction of the power distribution cabinet is defined as the Z direction, i.e., the second direction. It can be understood that the coordinate system of the power distribution cabinet can be flexibly set according to specific needs.

[0052] Referring to Figure 3, the cavities within the cabinet 100 may include a first cavity 130 and a second cavity 140 arranged along a first direction (e.g., the X direction). The power distribution assembly 400 is a low-voltage device, while the busbar assembly 300 and multiple BMS components 200 are high-voltage devices. By providing the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140, the low-voltage power distribution assembly 400 can be integrated into the first cavity 130. The high-voltage busbar assembly 300 and multiple BMS components 200 are integrated into the second cavity 140, thus realizing the placement of high and low voltage devices in different cavities and avoiding mutual interference between the high and low voltage devices.

[0053] When the busbar assembly 300 and multiple BMS components 200 are disposed in the second cavity 140, the busbar assembly 300 and multiple BMS components 200 are arranged at intervals along a second direction (e.g., the Z direction), and the busbar assembly 300 is connected to the BMS components 200.

[0054] In one possible implementation, a low-voltage power distribution component 400 is integrated within the first cavity 130. This component 400 is connected to the mains power supply outside the cabinet 100, providing power to the components within the cabinet 100. A high-voltage busbar component 300 and multiple BMS components 200 are integrated within the second cavity 140. The busbar component 300 and the multiple BMS components 200 are arranged vertically along the Z-axis, with each BMS component 200 spaced apart along the X-axis. It should be noted that the positional relationship between the busbar component 300 and the multiple BMS components 200 can be adjusted according to actual operating conditions.

[0055] In many energy storage products, the internal heat dissipation method is air cooling, with the cabinet directly exchanging gases with the outside environment. In harsh working conditions, corrosive gases in the air can damage the electrical components and structural parts inside the distribution cabinet, failing to meet protection requirements. Therefore, this application embodiment also includes a heat dissipation structure 500, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The heat dissipation structure 500 is located at the top of the cabinet 100 and is used to dissipate heat from the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140 inside the cabinet 100. For example, the heat dissipation structure 500 provided in this application embodiment uses internal circulation air cooling to ensure that the cabinet is a fully sealed design, preventing damage to the components inside the cabinet from external corrosive gases.

[0056] The heat dissipation structure 500 can be connected and fixed to the top of the cabinet 100 by bolts, screws or snap-fit. The heat dissipation structure 500 can dissipate heat from the components inside the cabinet 100 in a timely manner to ensure that they operate at a suitable temperature, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0057] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation structure may include a radiator 510, a first air duct 520, and a second air duct 530. The radiator 510 is fixed to the top of the cabinet 100, and the first air duct 520 and the second air duct 530 are not connected. The first air duct 520 has an air supply port and an air return port. One of the air supply port and the air return port is connected to the first cavity 130 of the cabinet 100, and the other air supply port and the air return port are connected to the second cavity 140 of the cabinet 100. The first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140 are connected by a first air outlet 121, so that the first air duct 520, the first cavity 130, and the second cavity 140 form an internally circulating cooling air duct. The second air duct 530 includes an air inlet 531 and an air outlet 532, which are installed on the radiator 510 and connected to the outside. The second air duct 530 is an external circulation air duct, used for heat exchange with the heat recovered from the first air duct 520. This heat exchange between the second air duct 530 and the first air duct 520 achieves internal circulation air cooling, avoiding damage to components inside the cabinet caused by corrosive gases when cooling is performed through the cabinet's connection to the outside.

[0058] As shown in Figure 3, the heat dissipation structure 500 includes a radiator 510. It is understood that in this embodiment, the radiator 510 can be an air conditioner or a heat exchanger. The first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140 within the cabinet 100 can be connected via a first air vent 121, allowing airflow within the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140. Referring to Figure 5, the radiator 510 has a non-connected first air duct 520 and a second air duct 530 inside. The first air duct 520 is an internal circulation air duct, connected to the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140 within the cabinet 100, ensuring a circulating cooling path between the radiator 510 and the cabinet 100. The second air duct 530 is an external circulation air duct, used for heat exchange with the heat recovered by the first air duct 520.

[0059] It should be noted that the first air duct 520 and the second air duct 530, which are not connected, work together to ensure that the inside of the cabinet 100 is not interconnected with the outside of the cabinet 100. This achieves the purpose of heat dissipation on the basis of the fully sealed design of the cabinet. The control device can meet the IP66 protection level and can be adapted to normal operation under various harsh conditions, thus improving environmental adaptability.

[0060] It is understood that the bottom of the heat dissipation structure 500 is provided with an air supply port and an air return port (not shown in the figure). One of the air supply port and the air return port is connected to the first cavity 130 of the cabinet 100, and the other is connected to the second cavity 140, ensuring that the first air duct 520 forms an internal circulation cooling path with the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140 inside the cabinet 100. For example, as shown in Figure 3, the heat exchanger has an air inlet 531 and an air outlet 532 connected to the second air duct 530. The second air duct 530 forms an external circulation air duct with the external environment of the cabinet 100, which can exchange the heat recovered in the cabinet 100 by the first air duct 520, thereby dissipating the heat in the first air duct 520 to the external environment of the cabinet 100.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, referring to Figure 3, the inner wall of the first cavity 130 is provided with an air inlet 101 communicating with the air supply port, and the inner wall of the second cavity 140 is provided with an air exhaust port 102 communicating with the air return port. Referring to Figure 3, the air inlet 101 and the air exhaust port 102 are located at the top of the cabinet 100, with the air inlet 101 communicating with the first cavity 130 and the air exhaust port 102 communicating with the second cavity 140.

[0062] Understandably, the air inlet 101 on the inner wall of the first cavity 130 can be connected to the air outlet of the radiator 510, and the exhaust outlet 102 on the inner wall of the second cavity 140 can be connected to the return air outlet of the radiator 510. The cold air generated by the radiator 510 can be sent into the first cavity 130 from the air outlet, then flow into the second cavity 140 through the first air outlet 121 on the partition 120 after passing through the interior of the first cavity 130, and finally return to the first air duct 520 inside the radiator 510 from the exhaust outlet 102, forming an internal circulation cooling path.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, the functional module further includes a fire protection component 600. The fire protection component 600, the busbar component 300, the power distribution component 400, and multiple BMS components 200 are all located within the cavity. For example, as shown in FIG2, in an embodiment of this application, the functional module may further include a fire protection component 600. The fire protection component 600, the busbar component 300, the power distribution component 400, and multiple BMS components 200 are integrated into one unit within the cabinet 100. The fire protection component 600 can monitor the temperature and fire situation within the cabinet 100 in real time, ensuring that in an emergency, measures can be taken quickly to reduce losses and ensure personnel safety.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, the fire-fighting component 600 is a low-voltage device. Therefore, as shown in Figure 2, the fire-fighting component 600 and the power distribution component 400 are integrated in the first cavity 130 of the cabinet 100, and some structures of the fire-fighting component 600 and the power distribution component 400 are arranged along the Z direction, while some structures of the fire-fighting component 600 and the power distribution component 400 are arranged along the X direction. The busbar component 300 and multiple BMS components 200 are integrated in the second cavity 140 of the cabinet 100. In this way, the power distribution cabinet integrates four modules: power distribution, fire-fighting, busbar, and BMS. As shown in Figure 2, the power distribution and fire-fighting are integrated in the left cabinet (i.e., in the first cavity 130), and the busbar and BMS are integrated in the right cabinet (i.e., in the second cavity 140). This avoids the magnetic field generated by the high-voltage module from affecting the line communication of the low-voltage module, effectively ensuring the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0065] In some embodiments of this application, referring to Figure 2, the power distribution assembly 400 includes a switching power supply 410, a battery 420, and a first relay 430. The fire protection assembly 600 includes a fire control panel 610 and a fire control unit. The battery 420, the fire control panel 610, and the fire control unit are arranged at intervals along the Z direction, with the fire control panel 610 located near the bottom of the first cavity 130 and away from the second cavity 140. The switching power supply 410 and the first relay 430 are arranged along the second direction and located near the second cavity 140. An air inlet 101 communicating with an air supply vent is provided on the inner wall of the first cavity 130 near the switching power supply 410 or the first relay 430. An exhaust vent 102 communicating with a return air vent is provided on the inner wall of the second cavity 140 near the top of the BMS assembly 200.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 2. The power distribution component 400 is connected to the mains power to supply power to the electrical components inside the cabinet 100, ensuring the normal operation of the system. The power distribution component 400 mainly includes a switching power supply 410, a battery 420, and a first relay 430. The switching power supply 410 and the battery 420 are arranged along the X-axis, and the switching power supply 410 and the first relay 430 are arranged along the Z-axis. The battery 420 serves as a backup power source. When the mains power fails and is disconnected, the battery 420's charge is used to ensure that the electrical components inside the cabinet 100 can operate normally for a period of time.

[0067] The fire protection assembly 600 includes a fire control panel 610 and a fire control unit, which are arranged along the Z-axis. It is understood that, in this embodiment, the cabinet 100 may also be equipped with a matching sensor for fire alarm detection, which can determine and issue an alarm based on temperature and smoke signals, triggering the release of extinguishing gas by the fire control unit. It should be noted that the fire control panel 610 is located near the bottom of the first cavity 130, which facilitates a rapid response and control of the fire control unit in emergency situations.

[0068] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, in this embodiment, since the switching power supply 410 and the first relay 430 are devices with high heat generation, the switching power supply 410 and the first relay 430 are sequentially arranged below the air inlet 101 at the top of the cabinet 100. This ensures that the cold air in the first air duct 520 of the radiator 510 can pass through the high-heat-generating electrical devices, ensuring that the operating temperature of the switching power supply 410 and the first relay 430 meets the requirements. The battery 420 and the fire-fighting component 600 have low heat generation and are relatively large. They are located away from the air inlet 101 at the top of the cabinet 100, on the left side of the first cavity 130, away from the air inlet 101. This prevents the battery 420 and the fire-fighting component 600 from obstructing the airflow in the internal circulation duct and affecting the heat dissipation effect.

[0069] Understandably, the busbar assembly 300 and the multiple BMS components 200 have high current draw, resulting in high heat dissipation, significant heat generation, and high temperatures. Since the busbar assembly 300 and the multiple BMS components 200 are located within the second cavity 140, the heat can be directly expelled from the cabinet 100 through the exhaust vent 102 at the top of the cabinet 100, preventing any impact on the normal operation of other components within the cabinet 100.

[0070] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG4, each BMS component 200 includes a housing 210 and a circuit breaker 220, a first fuse 230, and a second relay 240 disposed within the housing 210. One end of the first fuse 230 is connected to the circuit breaker 220, and the other end of the first fuse 230 is connected to the second relay 240. The circuit breaker 220 is provided with a handle 250, which controls the opening or closing of the circuit.

[0071] As shown in Figure 2, this embodiment of the application includes four BMS components 200, each of which includes a housing 210. The housing 210 is detachably connected to the cabinet 100 by bolts. When a group of BMS components 200 malfunctions, the faulty BMS component 200 can be disassembled and replaced by loosening the bolts, improving maintenance efficiency. As shown in Figure 4, the housing 210 houses a circuit breaker 220, a first fuse 230, and a second relay 240. The circuit breaker 220 is equipped with a handle 250, which allows users or maintenance personnel to control the opening or closing of the circuit, improving operational safety and convenience.

[0072] It should be noted that the first fuse 230 is a protective element, with one end connected to the circuit breaker 220 and the other end connected to the second relay 240. When an abnormal situation such as overcurrent or short circuit occurs in the circuit, the first fuse 230 will quickly melt and passively disconnect the circuit, thereby protecting the battery 420 system and other electronic equipment from damage. The second relay 240 is connected to the first fuse 230. When an abnormal system status is detected or maintenance is required, the second relay 240 can actively disconnect or restore the circuit, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the battery 420 system.

[0073] In some embodiments of this application, each BMS component 200 further includes a fan 260, which is disposed on the first fuse 230 and is used to dissipate heat from the first fuse 230. Please refer to Figure 4. Each first fuse 230 is provided with a fan 260 for auxiliary heat dissipation to prevent localized overheating of the BMS component 200 from severely affecting the normal operation of the device.

[0074] In some embodiments of this application, the housing 210 is provided with a second air vent 211 and a third air vent 212 at both ends along the second direction. The second air vent 211 faces the top of the second cavity 140 and is opposite to the exhaust vent 102 provided at the top of the second cavity 140. The third air vent 212 faces the manifold assembly 300. A first air vent 121 is also provided between the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140. The first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140 are connected through the first air vent 121, and the first air vent 121 faces the manifold 310.

[0075] For example, as shown in Figure 3, each housing 210 has a second air vent 211 and a third air vent 212 at both ends along the Z-axis. The second air vent 211 faces the top of the second cavity 140 and is opposite to the exhaust vent 102 located at the top of the second cavity 140, which facilitates the efficient and rapid removal of heat from the second cavity 140 by the internal circulation duct. The third air vent 212 is positioned opposite the second air vent 211, allowing cool air from the internal circulation duct to be circulated from the first air vent 121 to the second air vent 211.

[0076] In some embodiments of this application, the busbar assembly 300 includes an output busbar 320 and a busbar 310. One end of the output busbar 320 is connected to the busbar 310, and the other end of the output busbar 320 is connected to the BMS assembly 200. As shown in FIG2, the busbar assembly 300 includes an output busbar 320 and a busbar 310. The busbar 310 is used to collect the current of the battery clusters together for unified output or subsequent processing. One end of the output busbar 320 is connected to the busbar 310, and the other end of the output busbar 320 is connected to the BMS assembly 200. The circuit breaker 220, the first fuse 230, and the second relay 240 in the BMS assembly 200 are all disposed on the output busbar 320.

[0077] It should be noted that the output bus 320 and bus 310 can be copper or aluminum busbars. The output bus 320 may include a positive output bus 320 and a negative output bus 320, and the bus 310 may include a positive bus 310 and a negative bus 310. The positive output bus 320 and positive bus 310 are connected, and the negative output bus 320 and negative bus 310 are connected. Further details are omitted here. It is understood that the BMS component 200 and the bus component 300 are integrated within the second cavity 140, are relatively close, and are directly connected via the output bus 320 and bus 310, effectively reducing costs and saving space within the second cavity 140.

[0078] In some embodiments of this application, the bus assembly 300 further includes a second fuse 330 and a wiring harness 340. One end of the second fuse 330 is connected to the busbar 310, and the other end of the second fuse 330 is connected to the wiring harness 340. The second fuse 330 is used to disconnect the circuit in case of abnormal current.

[0079] As shown in Figure 2, the second fuse 330 of the bus assembly 300 can quickly melt and disconnect the circuit in case of abnormal conditions such as overcurrent or short circuit, to prevent system damage or fire. One end of the second fuse 330 is connected to the busbar 310, and the other end is connected to the wiring harness 340, which is used to output current. In this embodiment, the wiring harness 340 is located at the bottom of the cabinet 100 for easy wiring, and the bottom of the cabinet 100 has an opening for the wiring harness 340 to pass through.

[0080] In some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the cabinet 100 further includes a cabinet door and a partition 120, with the cabinet door and cabinet 100 forming a cavity. The partition 120 divides the cavity into a first cavity 130 and a second cavity 140. The partition 120 is provided with a first air vent 121 connecting the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140, and the first air vent 121 is located on the side facing the confluence assembly 300. The cabinet door includes a first cabinet door 150 and a second cabinet door 160, with the first cabinet door 150 corresponding to the first cavity 130 and the second cabinet door 160 corresponding to the second cavity 140.

[0081] By setting up a partition 120, the first cavity 130 and the second cavity 140 are separated by the partition 120, which can prevent the magnetic field generated by the high-voltage module from affecting the line communication of the low-voltage module, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the system.

[0082] It should be noted that other devices can also be installed at the bottom of the first cavity 130. To facilitate the maintenance or replacement of devices in different positions of the first cavity 130 during inspection, as shown in Figure 2, a first cabinet door 150 and a third cabinet door 170 can be provided on the first cavity 130. When the first cabinet door 150 is opened, the power distribution component 400 and the fire protection component 600 inside the first cavity 130 can be inspected or replaced. When the third cabinet door 170 is opened, the first cabinet door 150 can be closed, thereby allowing the devices in the first cavity 130 corresponding to the third cabinet door 170 to be inspected or replaced. This enables the devices in the same cavity to be inspected or replaced by opening different cabinet doors.

[0083] As shown in Figure 1, the second cavity 140 is provided with a second cabinet door 160. The first cabinet door 150, the second cabinet door 160, and the third cabinet door 170 are connected and fixed to the cabinet body 100 by hinges and bolts. The first cabinet door 150, the second cabinet door 160, and the third cabinet door 170 can be opened or closed for convenient daily maintenance and fault repair.

[0084] In some embodiments of this application, an energy storage system is also provided, comprising an energy storage system cabinet 20 and the aforementioned control device 10, wherein the control device 10 is disposed at an end of the energy storage system cabinet 20. The energy storage system cabinet 20 contains battery clusters 420, which are connected to the BMS component 200 of the control device 10.

[0085] As shown in Figure 6, the energy storage system cabinet 20 contains 420 battery clusters (not shown in the figure). The control device 10 is wall-mounted on the energy storage system cabinet 20, and the BMS component 200 of the control device 10 is connected to the 420 battery clusters inside the energy storage system cabinet 20. A corner post 700 is provided at one end of the energy storage system cabinet 20, forming a space for accommodating the control device 10. The cabinet body 100 of the control device 10 can also be fastened to the corner post 700 using fasteners (such as screws or bolts).

[0086] In some embodiments of this application, referring to Figure 7, there can be multiple energy storage system cabinets 20, and each energy storage system cabinet 20 has a control device 10 at one end. Along the length direction (e.g., the X direction) of the energy storage system cabinet 20, the cabinets 100 of the control devices 10 on two adjacent energy storage system cabinets 20 are arranged back to back. Along the width direction (e.g., the Y direction) of the energy storage system cabinet 20, the cabinets 100 of the control devices 10 on two adjacent energy storage system cabinets 20 are arranged side to side.

[0087] As shown in Figure 7, this embodiment of the application takes four energy storage system cabinets 20 as an example. Each energy storage system cabinet 20 is equipped with a control device 10 at one end, and the control devices 10 are all wall-mounted on the energy storage system cabinet 20. Along the X-axis, the cabinets 100 of the control devices 10 on two adjacent energy storage system cabinets 20 are arranged back-to-back, meaning that the sides of adjacent energy storage system cabinets 20 with the control devices 10 face away from each other. Along the Y-axis, the cabinets 100 of the control devices 10 on two adjacent energy storage system cabinets 20 are arranged side-by-side, meaning that the sides of adjacent energy storage system cabinets 20 with the control devices 10 face the same direction. This reduces the maintenance and operation space between the four energy storage system cabinets 20, improving the space utilization rate of the site. In a limited space, more energy storage systems can be installed, increasing the site capacity and reducing land costs.

[0088] In some embodiments of this application, a PCS (Power Conversion System) is also included, which is a core component responsible for controlling the charging and discharging process of the battery and performing AC / DC conversion. The PCS is connected to the busbar assembly 300 of the control device 10 via a wiring harness 340, and the PCS converts the DC power output from the busbar assembly 300 into AC power. Alternatively, the PCS is connected to each BMS assembly 200 of the control device 10, so that the control device 10 outputs AC power.

[0089] It should be noted that the battery clusters in the energy storage system cabinet 20 output direct current (DC). Before the DC power in the control device 10 is transmitted to the grid, it needs to be converted to alternating current (AC) by the PCS component. In one possible implementation, an integrated PCS is used. The PCS component can be located outside the cabinet 100. The PCS component is connected to the combiner component 300 via a wiring harness 340. The DC power from the battery clusters is collected by the combiner component 300 and flows out of the cabinet 100, where it is converted to AC power by the PCS component.

[0090] In another possible implementation, a string PCS is used. The PCS component can be set inside the cabinet 100, and the busbar component 300 inside the cabinet 100 is replaced with the PCS component. The DC power of the battery cluster is converted into AC power by the PCS component and then flows out of the cabinet 100.

[0091] The terms "upper" and "lower" are used to describe the relative positions of the various structures in the accompanying drawings. They are only for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this application. Any changes or adjustments to the relative positions without substantially altering the technical content shall also be considered within the scope of implementation of this application.

[0092] It should be noted that, in this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0093] Furthermore, in this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0094] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A control device, characterized in that, include: A cabinet (100) having a cavity inside; A control component, the control component being located within the cavity; The functional module includes at least one of a busbar assembly (300) and a power distribution assembly (400), the functional module being disposed within the cavity, the busbar assembly (300) being used to collect the current of the battery cluster, and the power distribution assembly (400) being used to supply power to the components within the cabinet (100).

2. The control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control component includes a BMS component (200), and the functional module includes: The busbar assembly (300) and the power distribution assembly (400) are all located within the cavity.

3. The control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cavity includes a first cavity (130) and a second cavity (140) arranged along a first direction; The power distribution component (400) is integrated within the first cavity (130); The busbar assembly (300) and the BMS assembly (200) are integrated in the second cavity (140), and the busbar assembly (300) and the BMS assembly (200) are arranged at intervals along the second direction. The busbar assembly (300) is connected to the BMS assembly (200).

4. The control device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control device further includes: A heat dissipation structure (500) is provided at the top of the cabinet (100) and is used to dissipate heat from the cavity inside the cabinet (100).

5. The control device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first cavity (130) has an air inlet (101) on its inner wall, and the second cavity (140) has an air outlet (102) on its inner wall.

6. The control device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat dissipation structure (500) includes: The radiator (510), the first air duct (520), and the second air duct (530) are provided. The radiator (510) is fixed to the top of the cabinet (100), and the first air duct (520) and the second air duct (530) are not connected. The first air duct (520) has an air supply port and an air return port. One of the air supply port and the air return port is connected to the air inlet (101) of the first cavity (130), and the other of the air supply port and the air return port is connected to the air outlet (102) of the second cavity (140). The first cavity (130) and the second cavity (140) are connected by a first air outlet (121) so that the first air duct (520), the first cavity (130) and the second cavity (140) form a cooling air duct.

7. The control device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second air duct (530) includes an air inlet (531) and an air outlet (532), which are disposed on the radiator (510). The second air duct (530) is used to exchange the heat recovered by the first air duct (520).

8. The control device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The functional module further includes a fire protection component (600), wherein the fire protection component (600), the busbar component (300), the power distribution component (400), and the BMS component (200) are all located within the cavity.

9. The control device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fire-fighting component (600) and the power distribution component (400) are integrated in the first cavity (130) of the cabinet (100), and a portion of the structure of the fire-fighting component (600) and the power distribution component (400) are arranged along a second direction, while a portion of the structure of the fire-fighting component (600) and the power distribution component (400) are arranged along a first direction.

10. The control device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The power distribution component (400) includes a switching power supply (410), a battery (420), and a first relay (430); the fire protection component (600) includes a fire control panel (610) and a fire control unit (620). The battery (420), the fire control panel (610) and the fire control unit (620) are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the fire control panel (610) is close to the bottom of the first cavity (130) and far away from the second cavity (140); The switching power supply (410) and the first relay (430) are arranged along the second direction and close to the second cavity (140).

11. The control device according to claim 10, characterized in that, An air inlet (101) communicating with the air outlet is provided on the inner wall of the first cavity (130) near the switching power supply (410) or the first relay (430); The second cavity (140) has an exhaust port (102) on the inner wall of the top end near the BMS component (200) that communicates with the return air port.

12. The control device according to any one of claims 6-10, characterized in that, The BMS component (200) includes: The housing (210) and the circuit breaker (220), the first fuse (230) and the second relay (240) disposed in the housing (210), wherein one end of the first fuse (230) is connected to the circuit breaker (220) and the other end of the first fuse (230) is connected to the second relay (240); The circuit breaker (220) is equipped with a handle (250), through which the circuit is controlled to open or close.

13. The control device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The BMS component (200) also includes: A fan (260) is disposed on the first fuse (230) and the fan (260) is used to dissipate heat from the first fuse (230).

14. The control device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The housing (210) is provided with a second air vent (211) and a third air vent (212) at both ends along the second direction. The second air vent (211) faces the top of the second cavity (140) and is opposite to the exhaust vent (102) provided at the top of the second cavity (140). The third air vent (212) faces the confluence assembly (300); A first air vent (121) is provided between the first cavity (130) and the second cavity (140). The first cavity (130) and the second cavity (140) are connected through the first air vent (121), and the first air vent (121) faces the confluence assembly (300).

15. The control device according to any one of claims 6-10, characterized in that, The bus assembly (300) includes an output bus (320) and a bus (310), one end of the output bus (320) is connected to the bus (310), and the other end of the output bus (320) is connected to the BMS assembly (200).

16. The control device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The bus assembly (300) also includes: A second fuse (330) and a wiring harness (340), one end of the second fuse (330) being connected to the busbar (310) and the other end of the second fuse (330) being connected to the wiring harness (340), the second fuse (330) being used to cut off the circuit in case of abnormal current.

17. The control device according to any one of claims 6-10, characterized in that, The cabinet (100) also includes cabinet doors and partitions (120), wherein the cabinet doors and the cabinet (100) form a cavity; The cavity is divided into a first cavity (130) and a second cavity (140) by the partition (120); The partition (120) is provided with a first air vent (121) that connects the first cavity (130) and the second cavity (140), and the first air vent (121) is located on the side facing the confluence assembly (300); The cabinet doors include a first cabinet door (150) and a second cabinet door (160), the first cabinet door (150) corresponding to the first cavity (130), and the second cabinet door (160) corresponding to the second cavity (140).

18. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes: The energy storage system cabinet and the control device according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein the control device is disposed at the end of the energy storage system cabinet; The energy storage system cabinet contains a battery cluster, which is connected to the control components of the control device.

19. The energy storage system according to claim 18, characterized in that, The energy storage system cabinets are multiple, and each energy storage system cabinet is equipped with the control device at one end; Along the length of the energy storage system cabinet, the cabinets (100) of the control devices on two adjacent energy storage system cabinets are arranged back to back; Along the width direction of the energy storage system cabinet, the cabinets (100) of the control devices on two adjacent energy storage system cabinets are arranged side by side.

20. The energy storage system according to claim 18, characterized in that, It also includes a PCS component, which is connected to the busbar component (300) of the control device via a wiring harness (340), and the PCS component converts the DC power output by the busbar component (300) into AC power; Alternatively, the PCS component may be connected to each control component of the control device so that the control device outputs alternating current.

21. The energy storage system according to claim 18, characterized in that, An angle post (700) is provided at one end of the energy storage system cabinet, and the angle post (700) encloses a space for accommodating the control device.

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