Systems and methods for artificial intelligence (AI) contact sport scoring

Abstract

Systems and methods for Artificial Intelligence (AI) contact sport scoring and judging that utilize multiple AI models to verify, supplement, or replace human judging metrics based on sensor data descriptive of contact sport actions such as punches.

Description

PCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (Al) CONTACT SPORT SCORINGCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This disclosure claims benefit and priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to, and is a Non-provisional of, U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 712,917 filed on October 28, 2024 and titled “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (Al) CONTACT SPORT SCORING’’, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in the entirety.COPYRIGHT NOTICE

[0002] A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.BACKGROUND

[0003] Scoring for contact sports such as boxing, Karate, and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) is conducted by human judges with deep familiarity of the particular sport being judged. Such judging is prone to subjective variances or errors that can detract from the sport by making match results appear unfair.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0004] The figures depict embodiments for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the systems and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles described herein, wherein:FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system according to some embodiments;FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a system according to some embodiments;FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a system according to some embodiments;FIG. 4 is a partial perspective diagram of a system according to some embodiments;FIG. 5 is a diagram of a system according to some embodiments;FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B, and FIG. 6C are diagrams of example interfaces according to some embodiments;FIG. 7 is a diagram of an example interface according to some embodiments;FIG. 8 is a diagram of an example interface according to some embodiments;FIG. 9A, FIG. 9B, and FIG. 9C are diagrams of an example interface system according to some embodiments;Page 1 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03FIG. 10A, FIG. 10B, and FIG. 10C are diagrams of an example interface according to some embodiments;FIG. 1 1 A and FIG. 1 1 B are diagrams of example interfaces according to some embodiments;FIG. 12A, FIG. 12B, and FIG. 12C are diagrams of example interfaces according to some embodiments;FIG. 13 is a flow diagram of a method according to some embodiments;FIG. 14 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to some embodiments;FIG. 15A, FIG. 15B, FIG. 15C, FIG. 15D, and FIG. 15E are perspective diagrams of exemplary data storage devices according to some embodiments; andFIG. 16 is a flow diagram of an algorithm according to some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTIONI. INTRODUCTION

[0005] Reliance on human judging to score and / or resolve contact sport matches is prone to human error and bias. Scoring contact sport matches utilizing technology has not, however, been an acceptable alternative due to (I) the difficulty in recording data with electronics exposed to damaging physical forces, (ii) the difficulty in collecting data without impeding the athletes / participants, and / or (iii) the hesitancy of the contact sports community to move away from the human judging that has always been used.

[0006] In accordance with embodiments herein, these and other deficiencies are remedied by providing systems, apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture for Artificial Intelligence (Al) contact sport scoring. In some embodiments for example, a specially-trained Al model may be utilized to derive contact sports data that has not previously been accessible. The Al model may, for example, match human judge inputs to detected sensor data and compare human judge results to the matched data to make Al-based determinations regarding match events. In some embodiments, the Al model may analyze sensor data to categorize athlete actions such as, but not limited to, categorizing identified punches as one of: (i) an uppercut, (ii) a jab, (iii) a cross, and (iv) a hook. According to some embodiments, a specially-trained Al model may be utilized to incorporate human judging data into a match result, e.g . , without relying entirely on human scoring.II. Al CONTACT SPORT SCORING SYSTEMS

[0007] Referring first to FIG. 1 , a block diagram of a system 100 according to some embodiments is shown. In some embodiments, the system 100 may comprise a plurality of user devices 102a-n, a network 104, third-party device 106, and / or a controller device 110. According to some embodiments, any or all of the components 102a-n, 104, 106, 1 10 may comprise and / or be in communication with one or more data storage and / or memory devices (e.g., a database) 140. As depicted in FIG. 1 , any or all of the components 102a-n, 104, 106, 110, 140 (or any combinations thereof) may be in communication via the network 104. In some embodiments, communicationsPage 2 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 between and / or within the components 102a-n, 104, 106, 1 10, 140 of the system 100 may be utilized to provide a computer system architecture for Al contact sport scoring / judging. The controller device 1 10 may, for example, interface with one or more of the user devices 102a-n and / or the third-party device 106 to identify contact sport event actions (e.g., punches, kicks, etc.), correlate or match the identified actions to human judge scoring / judging data, categorize the identified actions into one of a plurality of action types, utilize action data and / or human judge data to compute a score, rank, result, and / or outcome for the event, train (or retain) an Al model, and / or generate a safety warning, as described herein.

[0008] Fewer or more components 102a-n, 104, 106, 110, 140 and / or various configurations of the depicted components 102a-n, 104, 106, 1 10, 140 may be included in the system 100 without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 102a-n, 104, 106, 110, 140 may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. In some embodiments, the system 100 (and / or portions thereof) may comprise an Al contact sport scoring / judging program, system, and / or platform programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0009] The user devices 102a-n, in some embodiments, may comprise one or more sensors disposed and / or coupled to sense data descriptive of an action of an athlete / participant (not separately shown) in a contact sport. The user devices 102a-n may, for example, comprise one or more body sensors worn by an athlete / participant, such as hand sensors wrapped to each athlete / participant's wrist / hand (not shown) underneath, e.g., a boxing glove (also not shown). The user devices 102a-n may also or alternatively comprise one or more sensors external to the athletes / participants such as cameras, motion sensors, and / or pressure sensors, e.g., coupled to monitor movements of the athletes / participants. According to some embodiments, the user devices 102a-n may comprise one or more accelerometer and / or gyroscopic sensors and / or devices. In some embodiments, the user devices 102a-n may comprise contact sport scoring devices utilized by one or more human judges (not shown), e.g., to provide scoring data to the controller device 1 10.

[0010] According to some embodiments, the user devices 102a-n may communicate with the third-party device 106 and / or the controller device 1 10 directly and / or via the network 104 (as depicted) to provide and / or define sensor data descriptive of contact sport event actions. According to some embodiments, any of the user devices 102a-n may communicate with the controller device 110 through and / or via the third-party device 106. In some embodiments, the controller device 110 may execute specially-programmed instructions (not separately shown) stored in the database 140 to manage communications (e.g., communication sessions, requests, data transmissions, and / or data inputs and / or data outputs) to and / or from the one or more of the user devices 102a-n. According to some embodiments, the user devices 102a-n may interface with the controller device 110 to effectuate communications (direct or indirect) with one or more other user devices 102a-n (such communication not explicitly shown in FIG. 1).Page 3 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03

[0011] The network 104 may, according to some embodiments, comprise a Local Area Network (LAN; wireless and / or wired), cellular telephone, Bluetooth®, Near Field Communication (NFC), and / or Radio Frequency (RF) network with communication links between the third-party device 106, the controller device 110, the user devices 102a-n, and / or the database 140. In some embodiments, the network 104 may comprise direct communication links between any or all of the components 102a-n, 104, 106, 1 10, 140 of the system 100. The user devices 102a- n may, for example, be directly interfaced or connected to the controller device 1 10 and / or the database 140 via one or more wires, cables, wireless links, and / or other network components, such network components (e.g., communication links) comprising portions of the network 104. In some embodiments, the network 104 may comprise one or many other links or network components other than (in addition to or in place of) those depicted in FIG. 1. The third-party device 106 may, for example, be connected to the user devices 102a-n via various cell towers, routers, repeaters, ports, switches, and / or other network components that comprise the Internet and / or a cellular telephone (and / or Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)) network, and which comprise portions of the network 104.

[0012] While the network 104 is depicted in FIG. 1 as a single object, the network 104 may comprise any number, type, and / or configuration of networks that is or becomes known or practicable. According to some embodiments, the network 104 may comprise a conglomeration of different sub-networks and / or network components interconnected, directly or indirectly, by the components 102a-n, 104, 106, 110, 140 of the system 100. The network 104 may comprise one or more short-range communications (e.g., NFC and / or Bluetooth®) networks with communication links between the user devices 102a-n and the controller device 110, for example, and / or may comprise an Internet Protocol (IP) network with communication links between the controller device 110 and the third-party device 106 and / or the database 140, for example.

[0013] The third-party device 106, in some embodiments, may comprise an electronic and / or computerized controller device, such as a computer server communicatively coupled to interface with the user devices 102a-n (directly and / or indirectly) and / or the controller device 110. The third-party device 106 may, for example, comprise one or more PowerEdge™ R830 rack servers manufactured by Dell®, Inc. of Round Rock, TX, which may include one or more Twelve-Core Intel® Xeon® E5-4640 v4 electronic processing devices. In some embodiments, the third-party device 106 may comprise a plurality of processing devices specially-programmed to execute and / or conduct processes that are not practicable without the aid of the third-party device 106. The third-party device 106 may, for example, acquire, provide, and / or process data (e.g., contact sport event action data). According to some embodiments, the third-party device 106 may be located remotely from one or more of the user devices 102a-n. The third-party device 106 may also or alternatively comprise a plurality of electronic processing devices located at one or more various sites and / or locations (e.g., distributed and / or virtual computing). According to some embodiments, the third-party device 106 may comprise a security and / or credentialing server, layer, and / or platform that, e.g., authenticates and / or authorizes user access and / or requests and / or identifies user entitlements (e.g.,Page 4 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 based on user data). In some embodiments, the third-party device 106 may comprise a data service, data storage device {e.g., comprising the database 140 and / or a portion thereof), and / or data access device or source.

[0014] According to some embodiments, the controller device 110 may comprise an electronic and / or computerized controller device, such as a computer server communicatively coupled to interface with the user devices 102a-n and / or the third-party device 106 (directly and / or indirectly). The controller device 1 10 may, for example, comprise one or more PowerEdge™ R830 rack servers manufactured by Dell®, Inc. of Round Rock, TX, which may include one or more Twelve-Core Intel® Xeon® E5-4640 v4 electronic processing devices. In some embodiments, the controller device 1 10 may comprise a plurality of processing devices specially-programmed to execute and / or conduct processes that are not practicable without the aid of the controller device 110. The controller device 110 may, for example, identify contact sport event actions (e.g., punches, kicks, etc.), correlate or match the identified actions to human judge scoring / judging data, categorize the identified actions into one of a plurality of action types, utilize action data and / or human judge data to compute a score, rank, result, and / or outcome for the event, train (or retain) an Al model, and / or generate a safety warning, any or all of which would not be capable of being conducted without the benefit of the specially-programmed controller device 110. According to some embodiments, the controller device 110 may be located remotely from one or more of the user devices 102a-n and / or the third-party device 106. The controller device 110 may also or alternatively comprise a plurality of electronic processing devices located at one or more various sites and / or locations {e.g., distributed and / or virtual computing).

[0015] According to some embodiments, the controller device 110 may store and / or execute specially programmed instructions to operate in accordance with embodiments described herein. The controller device 110 may, for example, execute one or more models {e.g., Al and / or mathematical models, such as one or more LLM instances), algorithms, programs, modules, and / or routines that operate to perform Al contact sport scoring / judging, as described herein.

[0016] In some embodiments, the user devices 102a-n, the third-party device 106, and / or the controller device 110 may be in communication with the database 140. The database 140 may comprise, for example, various databases and / or data storage mediums that may store, for example, data descriptive of the user devices 102a-n, data descriptive of one or more users {e.g., user ID data and / or athlete / participant data), an Active Directory (AD) (and / or other directory), user preference and / or characteristics data, historic athlete / participant data (e.g., statistics), contact sport event action data {e.g., inputs), scoring / judging data {e.g., outputs), geolocation data, Al models {e.g., LLM instances and / or types), chain code instructions, blockchain data, cryptographic keys and / or data, login and / or identity credentials, gamification data, and / or instructions that cause various devices {e.g., the controller device 1 10) to operate in accordance with embodiments described herein. According to some embodiments, the database 140 may store (and / or define) various LLM instances and / or mathematical models, such as a primary LLM agent / model and / or a plurality of secondary LLM agents / models, e.g. , accessible to thePage 5 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 controller device 110.

[0017] In some embodiments, the database 140 may comprise any type, configuration, and / or quantity of data storage devices that are or become known or practicable. The database 140 may, for example, comprise an array of optical and / or solid-state hard drives configured to store contact sport event action data provided by (and / or requested by) the user devices 102a-n, analysis data (e.g., historical data, analysis formulas, and / or mathematical models), and / or various operating instructions, drivers, etc. While the database 140 is depicted as a standalone component disembodied from (but in communication with) the various user devices 102a-n, the third-party device 106, and the controller device 110, database 140 may comprise multiple components and / or may be part of any or all of the user devices 102a-n, the third-party device 106, and the controller device 110. In some embodiments, multi-component database 140 may be distributed across various devices and / or may comprise remotely dispersed components. Any or all of the user devices 102a-n, the third-party device 106, and the controller device 1 10 may comprise the database 140 or one or more portions thereof, for example.

[0018] Turning now to FIG. 2, a block diagram of a system 200 according to some embodiments is shown. The system 200 may, for example, be specially-configured to provide Al contact sport scoring / judging, as describe herein. In some embodiments, the system 200 may comprise a plurality of sensors 202a-d, various network components 204a-c, and / or a plurality of judging devices 206a-f, all in communication with a controller array 210. The controller array 210 may comprise various hardware and / or software components (not separately labeled) that operate upon inputs provided from the plurality of sensors 202a-d and the plurality of judging devices 206a-f to provide output via an interface 220. In some embodiments, the controller array 210 may comprise and / or be in communication with various data storage devices 240a-b that store various Al models 242a-b to process the inputs and / or produce and / or generate the output. The controller array 210 may execute a first Al model 242a trained to process contact sport action data from one or more of the sensors 202a-d , for example, to categorize the sensor data as being descriptive of discrete actions such as different punches, kicks, moves, holds, etc. According to some embodiments, the controller array 210 may execute a second Al model 242b trained to process inputs received from one or more of the judging devices 206a-f. The second Al model 242b may, for example, match judge inputs with identified event actions and / or compare the judge inputs with data derived from the categorized sensor data, e.g., to train / re-train one or more of the Al models 242a-b and / or to compute one or more scores, ranks, standings, results, and / or outcomes for a particular athlete / participant, match, game, set, round, etc.

[0019] Fewer or more components 202a-d, 204a-c, 206a-f, 210, 220, 240a-b, 242a-b and / or various configurations of the depicted components 202a-d, 204a-c, 206a-f, 210, 220, 240a-b, 242a-b may be included in the system 200 without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 202a-d, 204a-c, 206a-f, 210, 220, 240a-b, 242a-b may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. In some embodiments, the system 200 (and / or portions thereof) may comprise an Al contact sport scoring / judging program, system, and / or platformPage 6 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0020] Referring now to FIG. 3, a block diagram of a system 300 according to some embodiments is shown. The system 300 may, for example, be specially-configured to provide Al contact sport scoring / judging, as describe herein. In some embodiments, the system 300 may comprise a plurality of sensors 302a-d, various network components 304a-c, and / or a plurality of judging devices 306a-f, all in communication with a controller array 310. The controller array 310 may comprise various hardware and / or software components (not separately labeled) that operate upon inputs provided from the plurality of sensors 302a-d and the plurality of judging devices 306a-f to provide output via an interface 320. In some embodiments, the controller array 310 may comprise various data storage devices 340a-b that store various Al models 342a-b to process the inputs and / or produce and / or generate the output. The controller array 310 may execute a first Al model 342a trained to process contact sport action data from one or more of the sensors 302a-d, for example, to categorize the sensor data as being descriptive of discrete actions such as different punches, kicks, moves, holds, etc. According to some embodiments, the controller array 310 may execute a second Al model 342b trained to process inputs received from one or more of the judging devices 306a-f. The second Al model 342b may, for example, match judge inputs with identified event actions and / or compare the judge inputs with data derived from the categorized sensor data, e.g. , to train / re-train one or more of the Al models 342a-b and / or to compute one or more scores, ranks, standings, results, and / or outcomes for a particular athlete / participant, match, game, set, round, etc.

[0021] Fewer or more components 302a-d, 304a-c, 306a-f, 310, 320, 340a-b, 342a-b and / or various configurations of the depicted components 302a-d, 304a-c, 306a-f, 310, 320, 340a-b, 342a-b may be included in the system 300 without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 302a-d, 304a-c, 306a-f, 310, 320, 340a-b, 342a-b may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. In some embodiments, the system 300 (and / or portions thereof) may comprise an Al contact sport scoring / judging program, system, and / or platform programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0022] Turning now to FIG. 4, a partial perspective diagram of a system 400 according to some embodiments is shown. The system 400 may, for example, represent a hand 400-1 and wrist 400-2 of an athlete / participant (not fully shown) such as a boxer, with a wearable sensor 402 coupled thereto. The wearable sensor 402 may comprise, for example, various internal electronic components (not shown) such as one or more accelerometers and / or gyroscopic sensors that are operable to detect and / or measure movements of the hand 400-1 and / or wrist 400-2. According to some embodiments, the sensor 402 may record and transmit raw data descriptive of movements / actions to a remote and / or wirelessly-connected device (not shown; e.g., a controller device / array 1 10, 210, 310 of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, and / or FIG. 3 herein). In some embodiments, additional sensors 402 other than the onePage 7 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 depicted in FIG. 4 may be coupled to, worn by, and / or assigned or disposed to capture data descriptive of the hand 400-1 , the wrist 400-2, and / or other portions of the athlete / participant. According to some embodiments, there may be a single athlete / participant (e.g., for training and / or exercising) or a plurality of athletes / participants, e.g. , each with one or more sensors 402. In some embodiments, the sensor 402 may be coupled to the hand 400-1 and / or the wrist 400-2 (or another body part such as a leg, foot, and / or ankle, not shown) utilizing adhesives, a band (e.g., a watch-style band), a wrap (e.g., boxing hand wrap), and / or may be coupled to and / or kept in place by a glove (e.g., a boxing glove), none of which are shown.

[0023] Fewer or more components 400-1 , 400-2, 402 and / or various configurations of the depicted components 400-1 , 400-2, 402 may be included in the system 400 without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 400-1 , 400-2, 402 may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. In some embodiments, the system 400 (and / or portions thereof) may comprise an Al contact sport scoring / judging program, system, and / or platform (or portion thereof) programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0024] Referring now to FIG. 5, a diagram of a system 500 according to some embodiments is shown. The system 500 may, for example, comprise a sensor 502 with a housing 502-1 and electronic components such as a circuit board 502-2 (e.g., a Printed Circuit Board (PCB)). In some embodiments, the housing 502-1 may couple to, retain, and / or house the circuit board 502-2 - although the sensor 502 is shown at least partially disassembled in FIG. 5. According to some embodiments, the sensor 502 (and / or the circuit board 502-2 thereof) may comprise and / or define various input mechanisms 516a-d, memory devices 540a-b, programs 542a-c, and / or data 544. As depicted for purposes of non-limiting example, the circuit board 502-2 may comprise a first or flash memory 540a and / or a second or non-volatile memory 540b. In some embodiments, the memories 540a-b may store one or more of a first program or application software layer 542a and / or a second program or system software layer 542b (e.g., that together may comprise and / or define a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) of the sensor 502). In some embodiments, the system software layer 542b (and / or the memories 540a-b) may comprise and / or define a motion recognition program 542c, e.g., specially-programmed to detect (and / or classify) motion imparted to and / or detected by the sensor 502.

[0025] In some embodiments, the sensor 502 (and / or the circuit board 502-2 thereof) may comprise a first input device or accelerometer 516a, a second input device or magnetometer 516b, a third input device or gyroscope 516c, and / or a fourth input device or battery charger 516d. According to some embodiments, the data 544 may comprise data provided and / or defined by one or more of the input devices 516a-d and / or may comprise one or more drivers such as Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) Device Drivers and / or Common Microcontroller Software Interface Standard (CMSIS) drivers and / or Application Programming Interface (API) instances and / or tools (notPage 8 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 separately labeled).

[0026] Fewer or more components 502, 502-1 , 502-2, 516a-d, 540a-b, 542a-c, 544 and / or various configurations of the depicted components 502, 502-1 , 502-2, 516a-d, 540a-b, 542a-c, 544 may be included in the system 500 without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 502, 502-1 , 502-2, 516a-d, 540a-b, 542a-c, 544 may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. In some embodiments, the system 500 (and / or portions thereof) may comprise an Al contact sport scoring / judging program, system, and / or platform (or portion thereof) programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.III. Al CONTACT SPORT SCORING INTERFACES AND INTERFACE SYSTEMS

[0027] Turning now to FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B, and FIG. 6C, diagrams of example interfaces 620a-c according to some embodiments are shown. In some embodiments, the interfaces 620a-c may be generated, defined, and / or output by and / or otherwise associated with one or more specialized and / or specially-programmed computers e.g., the user devices / sensors 102a-n, 202a-d, 302a-d, 402, 502, the third-party / judging devices 106, 206a-f, 306a-f and / or the controller / controller array / apparatus 110, 210, 310, 1410, of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and / or FIG. 14 herein), computer terminals, computer servers, computer systems and / or networks, and / or any combinations thereof (e.g., by one or more multi-threaded and / or multi-core processing units of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system). According to some embodiments, the interfaces 620a-c may comprise one or more of a web page, web form, database entry form, API, spreadsheet, table, and / or application or other Ul or Graphical User Interface (GUI) via a user may enter (and / or receive / view) data descriptive of a contact sport action of a contact sport event. The interfaces 620a-c may, for example, comprise a front-end of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system, program, model, and / or platform programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0028] According to some embodiments, the interfaces 620a-c may comprise one or more tabs and / or other segmented and / or logically-presented data forms and / or fields. In some embodiments, the interfaces 620a-c may be configured and / or organized to allow and / or facilitate identification, selection, and / or entry of information descriptive of contact sport event judging data. The interfaces 620a-c may comprise, for example, a contact sport action identifier 620-1 , a contact sport participant list 620-2, various action input buttons 622a-d, a contact sport display 624, various event judging buttons 626a-d, score entry mechanisms 628a-b, and / or a score submission button 630.

[0029] As depicted in FIG. 6A, for example, a first interface 620a (e.g., a first version or page or instance) may comprise a mobile device human judging application data entry interface that provides the contact sport display 624 that enables a user (not shown) of the first interface 620a (e.g., a first human judge) to watch the contactPage 9 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 sporting event (e.g., live, streaming, and / or recorded / playback). In some embodiments, the judge may watch the match via the first interface 620a and utilize the contact sport action identifier 620-1 (e.g., an input mechanism) to identify and / or tag particular actions, e.g., landed punches in a boxing match. According to some embodiments, the judge may utilize the various action input buttons 622a-d to define an attribute, characteristic, category, and / or rating for the particular action. As depicted, for example, the judge may define the landed punch as a light punch (via a first action input button 622a), a moderate punch (via a second action input button 622b), a heavy punch (via a third action input button 622c), and / or a knockdown punch (via a fourth action input button 622d).

[0030] In some embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 6B, a second interface 620b (e.g., a second version or page or instance) may comprise a GUI data entry screen that includes the contact sport action identifier 620-1 , the various event judging buttons 626a-d, the score entry mechanisms 628a-b, and the score submission button 630. Once a match, round, game, session, and / or bout has ended, for example, the judge may utilize the event judging buttons 626a-d to categorize the bout as close (via a first event judging button 626a), moderate (via a second event judging button 626b), decisive (via a third event judging button 626c), or extreme (via a fourth event judging button 626d). In some embodiments, the judge may define a score, points, rank, and / or categorization of the participants via the score entry mechanisms 628a-b. According to some embodiments, the judge may utilize the score submission button 630 to trigger the application to transmit (or otherwise provide) the judging data to, e.g., an Al contact sport scoring / judging system (not shown; e.g., the systems 100, 200, 300 of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, and / or FIG 3 herein). In some embodiments, as depicted in FIG. 6C, the human judging data input and / or defined by the judge(s) may be tabulated and displayed via a third interface 620c (e.g., a third version or page or instance).

[0031] Fewer or more components 620-1 , 620-2, 622a-d, 624, 626a-d, 628a-b, 630 and / or various configurations of the depicted components 620-1 , 620-2, 622a-d, 624, 626a-d, 628a-b, 630 may be included in the interfaces 620a-c without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 620-1 , 620-2, 622a-d, 624, 626a-d, 628a-b, 630 may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. While various components 620-1 , 620-2, 622a-d, 624, 626a-d, 628a-b, 630 of the interfaces 620a-c have been depicted with respect to certain labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations, these features have been presented for reference and example only. Other labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations may be implemented without deviating from the scope of embodiments herein. Similarly, while a certain number of tabs, information screens, form fields, and / or data entry options have been presented, variations thereof may be practiced in accordance with some embodiments.

[0032] Turning now to FIG. 7, a diagram of an example interface 720 according to some embodiments is shown. In some embodiments, the interface 720 may be generated, defined, and / or output by and / or otherwise associated with one or more specialized and / or specially-programmed computers (e.g., the user devices / sensors 102a-n, 202a-d, 302a-d, 402, 502, the third-party / judging devices 106, 206a-f, 306a-f and / or the controller / controller array / apparatus 110, 210, 310, 1410, of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and / or FIG. 14 herein), computer terminals, computerPage 10 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 servers, computer systems and / or networks, and / or any combinations thereof (e.g., by one or more multi-threaded and / or multi-core processing units of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system). According to some embodiments, the interface 720 may comprise one or more of a web page, web form, database entry form, API, spreadsheet, table, and / or application or other Ul or GUI via a user may enter (and / or receive / view) data descriptive of a contact sport action of a contact sport event. The interface 720 may, for example, comprise a front-end of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system, program, model, and / or platform programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof

[0033] According to some embodiments, the interface 720 may comprise one or more tabs and / or other segmented and / or logically-presented data forms and / or fields. In some embodiments, the interface 720 may be configured and / or organized to present and / or output information descriptive of contact sport event judging / scoring data 744a-e. The interface 720 may comprise, for example, a data table or listing including a date / time field 744a, a round number field 744b, a judge data field 744c (e.g., for each athlete / participant), a sensor data field 744d, and / or a score field 744e. The date / time field 744a may store and / or comprise data descriptive of a timestamp and / or other identifying information for a particular action in a contact sport event such as a particular punch, kick, and / or move. In some embodiments, the timestamp and / or other identifying data stored in the date / time field 744a may be utilized by an Al contact sport scoring / judging system (not shown; e.g., the systems 100, 200, 300 of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, and / or FIG 3 herein) to match and / or correlate associated human judging data stored in the judge data field 744c with sensor data stored in the sensor data field 744d, e.g., for each unique action. According to some embodiments, the judging data stored in the judge data field 744c and the sensor data stored in the sensor data field 744d may be utilized (e.g., by execution of an Al model) to compute and / or calculate a score stored in the score field 744e. In some embodiments, the sensor data stored in the sensor data field 744d may be utilized to verify the judging data stored in the judge data field 744c or the score may be calculated based on a combination of the judging data stored in the judge data field 744c and the sensor data stored in the sensor data field 744d. In some embodiments, the judging data stored in the judge data field 744c (and / or a difference or deviation between the judging data stored in the judge data field 744c and the sensor data stored in the sensor data field 744d) may be utilized to update, train, and / or re-train the Al model.

[0034] Fewer or more components 744a-e and / or various configurations of the depicted components 744a-e may be included in the interface 720 without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 744a-e may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. While various components 744a-e of interface 720 have been depicted with respect to certain labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations, these features have been presented for reference and example only. Other labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations may be implemented without deviating from the scope of embodiments herein. Similarly, while a certain number of tabs, informationPage 11 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 screens, form fields, and / or data entry options have been presented, variations thereof may be practiced in accordance with some embodiments.

[0035] Referring now to FIG. 8, a diagram of an example interface 820 according to some embodiments is shown. In some embodiments, the interface 820 may be generated, defined, and / or output by and / or otherwise associated with one or more specialized and / or specially-programmed computers (e.g., the user devices / sensors 102a-n, 202a-d, 302a-d, 402, 502, the third-party / judging devices 106, 206a-f, 306a-f and / or the controller / controller array / apparatus 110, 210, 310, 1410, of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and / or FIG. 14 herein), computer terminals, computer servers, computer systems and / or networks, and / or any combinations thereof (e.g., by one or more multi-threaded and / or multi-core processing units of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system). According to some embodiments, the interface 820 may comprise one or more of a web page, web form, database entry form, API, spreadsheet, table, and / or application or other Ul or GUI via a user may enter (and / or receive / view) data descriptive of a contact sport action of a contact sport event. The interface 820 may, for example, comprise a front-end of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system, program, model, and / or platform programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0036] According to some embodiments, the interface 820 may comprise one or more tabs and / or other segmented and / or logically-presented data forms and / or fields. In some embodiments, the interface 820 may be configured and / or organized to present and / or output information descriptive of contact sport event judging / scoring data 844a-e. The interface 820 may comprise, for example, a data table or listing including a round field 844a, a main judge field 844b, a corner judge field 844c, a digital sensor data field 844d, and / or an accuracy field 844e. In some embodiments, the main judge field 844b and the corner judge field 844c may store data descriptive of a decision, judgement, rank, and / or score for a main judge and one or more corner judges (not themselves, shown), respectively (e.g., for each particular session, event, bout, and / or round indicated by data stored in the round field 844a). According to some embodiments, the digital sensor data field 844d may store data descriptive of a decision, judgement, rank, and / or score generated by an Al contact sport scoring / judging system (not shown; e.g., the systems 100, 200, 300 of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, and / or FIG 3 herein). In some embodiments, the accuracy field 844e may store data descriptive of a computed difference or differential between the human judge results (e.g., stored in one or more of the main judge field 844b and the corner judge field 844c) and the Al judge results (e.g., stored in the digital sensor data field 844d). The data stored in the accuracy field 844e may be utilized, for example, to update, train, and / or re-train the Al model and / or to determine a result and / or outcome of the match / competition.

[0037] Fewer or more components 844a-e and / or various configurations of the depicted components 844a-e may be included in the interface 820 without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 844a-e may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. While various components 844a-e of interface 820 have been depictedPage 12 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 with respect to certain labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations, these features have been presented for reference and example only. Other labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations may be implemented without deviating from the scope of embodiments herein. Similarly, while a certain number of tabs, information screens, form fields, and / or data entry options have been presented, variations thereof may be practiced in accordance with some embodiments.

[0038] T urning to FIG. 9A, FIG. 9B, and FIG. 90, diagrams of an example interface system 900 according to some embodiments are shown. In some embodiments, the interface system 900 may comprise and / or generate one or more interfaces 920a-c. The interfaces 920a-c may be generated, defined, and / or output by and / or otherwise associated with one or more specialized and / or specially-programmed computers (e.g., the user devices / sensors 102a-n, 202a-d, 302a-d, 402, 502, the third-party / judging devices 106, 206a-f, 306a-f and / or the controller / controller array / apparatus 110, 210, 310, 1410, of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and / or FIG. 14 herein), computer terminals, computer servers, computer systems and / or networks, and / or any combinations thereof (e.g., by one or more multi-threaded and / or multi-core processing units of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system). According to some embodiments, the interface 920a-c may comprise one or more of a web page, web form, database entry form, API, spreadsheet, table, and / or application or other Ul or GUI via a user may enter (and / or receive / view) data descriptive of a contact sport action of a contact sport event. The interfaces 920a-c may, for example, comprise a front-end of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system, program, model, and / or platform programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0039] According to some embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 9A, a first version of the interface 920a may comprise one or more tabs and / or other segmented and / or logically-presented data forms and / or fields. In some embodiments, the first version of the interface 920a may be configured and / or organized to present and / or output information descriptive of contact sport event. The first version of the interface 920a may comprise, for example, a match display 924 showing the live or recorded contact sport competition between at least two (2) athletes / participants 902a-b, with corresponding action data 926a-b. The action data 926a-b may, for example, output indications corresponding to event actions such as type of punch (e.g., as categorized by a first Al model, as described herein), force of punch, and / or an indication of whether the punch was landed or missed. In some embodiments, the first version of the interface 920a may comprise an energy bar output element 928a-b for each of the athletes / participants 902a-b. A first energy bar element 928a may comprises a first energy output 928a- 1 corresponding to an amount (or percentage) of energy and / or health computed for the first athlete / participant 902a, for example, and / or a second energy bar element 928b may comprise a second energy output 928b-1 corresponding to an amount (or percentage) of energy computed for the second athlete / participant 902b. The energy outputs 928a-1 , 928b- 1 may indicate, for example, the current (e.g., real-time) scoring or judging of the round, e.g., based on sensor data, human judge data, and / or a combination thereof, e.g., as computed by a (e.g.,Page 13 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 second) Al model. In some embodiments, the first version of the interface 920a may comprise a fight process output 930 that, e.g., outputs an indication of the overall event progression (e.g., based on time remaining, judging, and / or scoring data).

[0040] In some embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 9B, a second version of the interface 920b (e.g., a second version or page or instance) may comprise the match display 924 showing the live or recorded contact sport competition between the at least two (2) athletes / participants 902a-b, with corresponding action data 926a- b, e.g., at a second point in time (e.g., during the match / bout; before or after the output from the first version of the interface 920a at a first point in time). The action data 926a-b may, for example, output indications corresponding to event actions such as type of punch (e.g., as categorized by a first Al model, as described herein), force of punch, and / or an indication of whether the punch was landed or missed, at or proximate to the second point in time. In some embodiments, the second version of the interface 920b may comprise the energy bar output elements 928a-b for each of the athletes / participants 902a-b, at the second point in time. The first energy bar element 928a may comprises the first energy output 928a- 1 corresponding to an amount (or percentage) of energy computed for the first athlete / participant 902a at or proximate to the second point in time, for example, and / or the second energy bar element 928b may comprise the second energy output 928b-1 corresponding to an amount (or percentage) of energy computed for the second athlete / participant 902b at or proximate to the second point in time. The energy outputs 928a-1 , 928b-1 may indicate, for example, the current (e.g., real-time, at the second point in time) scoring or judging of the round, e.g., based on sensor data, human judge data, and / or a combination thereof, e.g., as computed by a (e.g., second) Al model. In some embodiments, the second version of the interface 920b may comprise the fight process output 930 that, e.g., outputs an indication of the overall event progression (e.g., based on time remaining, judging, and / or scoring data; at or proximate to the second point in time).

[0041] According to some embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 9C, a third version of the interface 920c (e.g., a third version or page or instance) may comprise the match display 924 showing the live or recorded contact sport competition between the at least two (2) athletes 902a-b at a third point in time (e.g., before or after either of the first or second points in time). In some embodiments, the third version of the interface 920c may comprise the first energy bar element 928a and / or the second energy bar element 928b and either or both of the energy bar elements 928a-b may be divided into a plurality of energy output portions 928a-1 , 928a-2, 928a-3, 928b-1 , 928b-2. Each energy bar element 928a-b may comprise, for example, a remaining energy output portion 928a- 1 , 928b- 1 and / or a depleted energy output portion 928a-2, 928b-2. In some embodiments, the sum / length of the different energy output portions 928a- 1 , 928a-2, 928a-3, 928b- 1 , 928b-2 may equal the total amount / length of the respective energy bar elements 928a-b. According to some embodiments, the first energy bar element 928a may comprise, define, and / or output a third or current change energy output portion 928a-3. The current change energy output portion 928a-3 may represent and / or indicate, for example, an amount of energy depleted from (or added to) the first energy bar element 928a in response to and / or because of, a current, recent, and / or otherwise indicated action inPage 14 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 the event. The nineteen and seven tenths-G (19.7-G) “Left Hook” listed in the second action data 926b for the second athlete / participant 902b, which may have just recently occurred (e.g., in the last few seconds) for example, may have caused a depletion in energy / score for the first athlete / participant 902a in an amount represented by the current change energy output portion 928a-3. In some embodiments, the current change energy output portion 928a-3 may be transitory in nature, such that it is only visible / output within a short amount of time (e.g., a few seconds) after a contributing / associated action, and then becomes absorbed by and / or integrated into the first depleted energy output portion 928a-2 (or the first remaining energy output portion 928a-1 , in the case that energy / score is added as opposed to depleted / subtracted).

[0042] Fewer or more components 902a-b, 924, 926a-b, 928a-b, 928a-1 , 928a-2, 928a-3, 928b-1 , 928b-2, 930 and / or various configurations of the depicted components 902a-b, 924, 926a-b, 928a-b, 928a-1 , 928a-2, 928a-3, 928b-1 , 928b-2, 930may be included in the interface system 900 without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 902a-b, 924, 926a-b, 928a-b, 928a-1 , 928a-2, 928a-3, 928b-1 , 928b-2, 930may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. While various components 902a-b, 924, 926a-b, 928a-b, 928a- 1 , 928a-2, 928a- 3, 928b-1 , 928b-2, 930of interface system 900 have been depicted with respect to certain labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations, these features have been presented for reference and example only. Other labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations may be implemented without deviating from the scope of embodiments herein. Similarly, while a certain number of tabs, information screens, form fields, and / or data entry options have been presented, variations thereof may be practiced in accordance with some embodiments.

[0043] Referring to FIG. 10A, FIG. 10B, and FIG. 10C, diagrams of an example interface 1020a-c according to some embodiments are shown. In some embodiments, the interface 1020a-c may be generated, defined, and / or output by and / or otherwise associated with one or more specialized and / or specially-programmed computers (e.g., the user devices / sensors 102a-n, 202a-d, 302a-d, 402, 502, the third-party / judging devices 106, 206a-f, 306a-f and / or the controller / controller array / apparatus 110, 210, 310, 1410, of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and / or FIG. 14 herein), computer terminals, computer servers, computer systems and / or networks, and / or any combinations thereof (e.g., by one or more multi-threaded and / or multi-core processing units of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system). According to some embodiments, the interface 1020a-c may comprise one or more of a web page, web form, database entry form, API, spreadsheet, table, and / or application or other Ul or GUI via a user may enter (and / or receive / view) data descriptive of a contact sport action of a contact sport event. The interface 1020a-c may, for example, comprise a front-end of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system, program, model, and / or platform programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0044] According to some embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 10A, a first version of the interface 1020a may comprise one or more tabs and / or other segmented and / or logically-presented data forms and / or fields. InPage 15 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 some embodiments, the first version of interface 1020a may be configured and / or organized to present and / or output information descriptive of a contact sport event between (and / or involving) a first participant 1002a and a second participant 1002b (e.g., denoted by their respective graphical representations in the first version of the interface 1020a). The first version of the interface 1020a may comprise and / or output, according to some embodiments, a first action listing comprising a plurality of data outputs descriptive of and / or corresponding the first participant 1002a and their respective performance in a match, bout, session, etc. of the contact sport event, such as, but not limited to: (i) a left hook graphical output 1022a, (ii) a right hook graphical output 1024a, (iii) a left uppercut graphical output 1026a, (iv) a right uppercut graphical output 1028a, (v) a cross graphical output 1030a, and / or (vi) a jab graphical output 1032a. In some embodiments, the first version of the interface 1020a may comprise and / or output a second action listing comprising a plurality of data outputs descriptive of and / or corresponding the second participant 1002b and their respective performance in the match, bout, session, etc. of the contact sport event, such as, but not limited to: (i) a left hook graphical output 1022b, (ii) a right hook graphical output 1024b, (iii) a left uppercut graphical output 1026b, (iv) a right uppercut graphical output 1028b, (v) a cross graphical output 1030b, and / or (vi) a jab graphical output 1032b. In some embodiments, the first version of the interface 1020a and / or various graphical outputs 1022a-b, 1024a-b, 1026a-b, 1028a-b, 1030a-b, 1032a-b thereof may provide a count of each of a plurality of different punch categories (e.g., as determined by a first Al model) such as left hooks, right hooks, left uppercuts, right uppercuts, crosses, and / or jabs. According to some embodiments, the interface 1020a and / or various graphical outputs 1022a-b, 1024a-b, 1026a-b, 1028a-b, 1030a- b, 1032a-b thereof may also or alternatively provide a non-numeric graphical representation such as the depicted bar graph elements in FIG. 10A.

[0045] In some embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 10B, a second version of the interface 1020b (e.g., a second version or page or instance) may comprise graphical representations of a third participant 1002c and a fourth participant 1002d (e.g., of the same contact sport for which information is output via the first version of the interface 1020a, or for a different bout, round, heat, event, and / or sport) and various values and / or statistics such as, but not limited to, a maximum punch speed statistic 1034c-d, a maximum retraction statistic 1036c-d, and / or a maximum G-force statistic 1038c-d . As depicted in FIG. 10B, the different statistics 1034c-d, 1036c-d, 1038c-d may be provided as a side-by-side comparison so that performances of the third and fourth participants 1002c-d (and / or the first and second participants! 002a-b) may be readily compared.

[0046] According to some embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 10C, a third version of the interface 1020c (e.g., a third version or page or instance) may comprise a real-time summary of performance metrics for each of the third and fourth participants 1002c-d. The third version of the interface 1020c may comprise, for example, a number of hook-type punches 1022c-d, a number of uppercut-type punches 1026c-d, a number of cross-type punches 1030c-d, a number of jab-type punches 1032c-d, a maximum punch speed statistic 1034c-d, a maximum punch G-force statistic 1038c-d, a total number of punches 1060c-d, and / or a number of “power hits” 1070c-d.Page 16 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03While total counts of punches 1022c-d, 1026c-d, 1030c-d, 1032c-d (and / or or other contact sport events and / or actions) are output in the embodiment depicted in FIG. 10C, in some embodiments different metrics such as percentages of different types of actions / punches, confidence intervals for the type and / or connection status of thrown punches, and / or ratios, trends, scores, and / or rankings may also or alternatively be output. In some embodiments, the number of “power hits” 1070c-d may comprise a computed number of connected punches that has a measured G-force over a pre-defined power threshold (e.g., a straight numeric threshold and / or an age, weight, class, and / or other population-weighted and / or compared threshold).

[0047] Fewer or more components 1002a-d, 1022a-d, 1024a-b, 1026a-d, 1028a-b, 1030a-d, 1032a-d, 1034c-d, 1036c-d, 1038c-d, 1060c-d, 1070c-d and / or various configurations of the depicted components 1002a-d, 1022a-d, 1024a-b, 1026a-d, 1028a-b, 1030a-d, 1032a-d, 1034c-d, 1036c-d, 1038c-d, 1060c-d, 1070c-d may be included in the interface 1020a-c without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 1002a-d, 1022a-d, 1024a-b, 1026a-d, 1028a-b, 1030a-d, 1032a-d, 1034c-d, 1036c-d, 1038c-d, 1060c-d, 1070c-d may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. While various components 1002a-d, 1022a-d, 1024a-b, 1026a-d, 1028a-b, 1030a-d, 1032a-d, 1034c-d, 1036c-d, 1038c-d, 1060c-d, 1070c-d of interface 1020a-c have been depicted with respect to certain labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations, these features have been presented for reference and example only. Other labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations may be implemented without deviating from the scope of embodiments herein. Similarly, while a certain number of tabs, information screens, form fields, and / or data entry options have been presented, variations thereof may be practiced in accordance with some embodiments.

[0048] Turning to FIG. 11A and FIG. 11 B, diagrams of example interfaces 1120a-b according to some embodiments is shown. In some embodiments, the interfaces 1120a-b may be generated, defined, and / or output by and / or otherwise associated with one or more specialized and / or specially-programmed computers {e.g., the user devices / sensors 102a-n, 202a-d, 302a-d, 402, 502, the third-party / judging devices 106, 206a-f, 306a-f and / or the controller / controller array / apparatus 110, 210, 310, 1410, of FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and / or FIG. 14 herein), computer terminals, computer servers, computer systems and / or networks, and / or any combinations thereof (e.g., by one or more multi-threaded and / or multi-core processing units of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system). According to some embodiments, the interfaces 1120a-b may comprise one or more of a web page, web form, database entry form, API, spreadsheet, table, and / or application or other Ul or GUI via a user may enter (and / or receive / view) data descriptive of a contact sport action of a contact sport event. The interfaces 1120a-b may, for example, comprise a front-end of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system, program, model, and / or platform programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0049] According to some embodiments, the interfaces 1120a-b may comprise one or more tabs and / or otherPage 17 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 segmented and / or logically-presented data forms and / or fields. In some embodiments, the interfaces 1 120a-b may be configured and / or organized to present and / or output information descriptive of contact sport event. The interfaces 1120a-b may comprise, for example, a first pie chart 1 122a (depicted in a first interface 1120a of FIG. 11 A) and / or a second pie chart 1 122b (depicted in a second interface 1120b of FIG. 11 B). In some embodiments, the first pie chart 1122a may output information descriptive of different punch strength categories (e.g., as determined by a first Al model) such as light, medium, and / or heavy, and / or the second pie chart 1 122b may output information descriptive of different punch type categories (e.g., as determined by the first (and / or a second) Al model) such as left hooks, right hooks, left uppercuts, right uppercuts, crosses, and / or jabs. According to some embodiments, the punch strength categories may be computed based on a number of punches (and / or other actions) that fall above, below, and / or within various thresholds and / or ranges. Light punches may comprise punches having a measured G-force value under a first threshold, for example, while heavy punches may comprise punches having a measured G-force value over a second threshold. In some embodiments, medium punches may comprise punches with a measured G-force value between the first and second thresholds (and / or within a particular G-force value range). According to some embodiments, the punch strength categories may be defined and computed by execution of an Al model that is trained on G-force data, previous judge determinations regarding punch strength, and / or demographically-compared and / or weighted punch metrics.

[0050] Fewer or more components 1122a-b and / or various configurations of the depicted components 1 122a-b may be included in the interfaces 1120a-b without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 1 122a-b may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. While various components 1122a-b of interfaces 1120a-b have been depicted with respect to certain labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations, these features have been presented for reference and example only. Other labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations may be implemented without deviating from the scope of embodiments herein. Similarly, while a certain number of tabs, information screens, form fields, and / or data entry options have been presented, variations thereof may be practiced in accordance with some embodiments.

[0051] Turning to FIG. 12A, FIG. 12B, and FIG. 12C, diagrams of example interfaces 1220a-c according to some embodiments is shown. In some embodiments, the interfaces 1220a-c may be generated, defined, and / or output by and / or otherwise associated with one or more specialized and / or specially-programmed computers {e.g., the user devices / sensors 102a-n, 202a-d, 302a-d, 402, 502, the third-party / judging devices 106, 206a-f, 306a-f and / or the controller / controller array / apparatus 110, 210, 310, 1410, of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and / or FIG. 14 herein), computer terminals, computer servers, computer systems and / or networks, and / or any combinations thereof {e.g., by one or more multi-threaded and / or multi-core processing units of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system). According to some embodiments, the interfaces 1220a-c may comprise one or more of a web page, web form, database entry form, API, spreadsheet, table, and / or application or other Ul or GUI via a user may enter (and / orPage 18 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 receive / view) data descriptive of a contact sport action of a contact sport event. The interfaces 1220a-c may, for example, comprise a front-end of an Al contact sport scoring / judging system, program, model, and / or platform programmed and / or otherwise configured to execute, conduct, and / or facilitate the various methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG 13 and / or FIG. 16 described herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0052] According to some embodiments, the interfaces 1220a-c may comprise one or more tabs and / or other segmented and / or logically-presented data forms and / or fields. In some embodiments, the interfaces 1220a-c may be configured and / or organized to present and / or output information descriptive of contact sport event. The interfaces 1220a-c may comprise, for example, a first combination graph 1222a (depicted in a first interface 1220a of FIG. 12A), a second combination graph 1222b (depicted in a second interface 1220b of FIG. 12B), and / or a third graph 1222c (depicted in a third interface 1220c of FIG. 12C). In some embodiments, the first combination graph 1222a may output information descriptive of the G-forces (or other measure of force; e.g., punch strength) of the actions (e.g., punches landed) by each athlete / participant (not shown), e.g., by round. In some embodiments, the second combination graph 1222b may output information descriptive of measured and / or computed reaction times of the athletes / participants, e.g., by round. According to some embodiments, the third graph 1222c may output information descriptive of different punch type categories (e.g., as determined by the first (and / or a second) Al model) such as left hooks, right hooks, left uppercuts, right uppercuts, crosses, and / or jabs.

[0053] Fewer or more components 1222a-c and / or various configurations of the depicted components 1222a-c may be included in the interfaces 1220a-c without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the components 1222a-c may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to similarly named and / or numbered components as described herein. While various components 1222a-c of interfaces 1220a-c have been depicted with respect to certain labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations, these features have been presented for reference and example only. Other labels, layouts, headings, titles, and / or configurations may be implemented without deviating from the scope of embodiments herein. Similarly, while a certain number of tabs, information screens, form fields, and / or data entry options have been presented, variations thereof may be practiced in accordance with some embodiments.IV. Al Contact Sport Scoring Methods

[0054] Referring now to FIG. 13, a flow diagram of a process or method 1300 according to some embodiments is shown. In some embodiments, the method 1300 may be performed and / or implemented by and / or otherwise associated with one or more specialized and / or specially-programmed computers (e.g., the user devices / sensors 102a-n, 202a-d, 302a-d, 402, 502, third-party / judging devices 106, 206a-f, 306a-f, and / or controller / controller array / apparatus 110, 210, 310, 1410 of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and / or FIG. 14 herein), computer terminals, computer servers, computer systems and / or networks, and / or any combinations thereof (e.g., by one or more multi-threaded and / or multi-core processing units of an Al contact sport scoring and management system). In some embodiments,Page 19 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 the method 1300 may be embodied in, facilitated by, and / or otherwise associated with various input mechanisms and / or interfaces (e.g,, the interface 220, 320, 620a-c, 720, 820, 920a-c, 1020a-c, 1120a-c, 1220a-c, 1420 of FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B, FIG. 6C, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9A, FIG. 9B, FIG. 9C, FIG. 10A, FIG. 10B, FIG. 10C, FIG. 11A, FIG. 1 1 B, FIG. 12A, FIG. 12B, FIG. 12C, and / or FIG. 14 herein).

[0055] The process diagrams and flow diagrams described herein do not necessarily imply a fixed order to any depicted actions, steps, and / or procedures, and embodiments may generally be performed in any order that is practicable unless otherwise and specifically noted. While the order of actions, steps, and / or procedures described herein is generally not fixed, in some embodiments, actions, steps, and / or procedures may be specifically performed in the order listed, depicted, and / or described and / or may be performed in response to any previously listed, depicted, and / or described action, step, and / or procedure. Any of the processes, methods, and / or algorithms described herein may be performed and / or facilitated by hardware, software (including microcode), firmware, or any combination thereof. For example, a storage medium (e.g., a hard disk, Random Access Memory (RAM) device, cache memory device, Universal Serial Bus (USB) mass storage device, and / or Digital Video Disk (DVD); e.g., the databases / memory devices 140, 240a-b, 340a-b, 540a-b, 1440, 1540a-e, 1640 of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 5, FIG. 14, FIG. 15A, FIG. 15B, FIG. 15C, FIG. 15D, FIG. 15E, and / or FIG. 16 herein) may store thereon instructions that when executed by a machine (such as a computerized processor) result in performance according to any one or more of the embodiments described herein.

[0056] According to some embodiments, the method 1300 may start and / or initiate with the beginning / start of a contact sport event, at 1302. An Al contact sport scoring system may be brought online and / or detect the start of an event match or round such as a first round in a boxing match (e.g., the opening bell), for example, and / or sensors and / or judging input devices may be activated. In some embodiments, a progression of the round / match of the event (which is described as a boxing match for non-limiting ease of illustration only) may comprise a first punch at 1304 and / or a second punch at 1306. Punches are also utilized in the context of the example boxing match for nonlimiting ease of illustration. Different actions of the event may also or alternatively occur and be utilized in the method 1300, as may be of interest in scoring any particular contact sport of the event.

[0057] In some embodiments, the method 1300 may comprise receiving (e.g., from a sensor device and / or via an electronic communications network) sensor data for a first participant, at 1308. According to some embodiments, the method 1300 may comprise receiving (e.g., from a sensor device and / or via an electronic communications network) sensor data for a second participant, at 1310. Data may be received, for example, from one or more sensors disposed and / or coupled to sense action data corresponding to the relevant participant. In the case of the example boxing match, the first participant data may comprise data sensed and / or recorded by a first sensor device coupled to the first participant and / or the second participant data may comprise data sensed and / or recorded by a second sensor device coupled to the second participant, such as boxing glove sensors (e.g., the sensors 402, 502 of FIG. 4 and / or FIG. 5 herein). In some embodiments, the data may comprise one or more data values sensedPage 20 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 and / or recorded with respect to one or more of the first and second punches (and / or other actions). The sensors may comprises one or more cameras, accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, and / or other Inertial Movement Unit (IMU) devices, for example, that sense the speed / velocity, acceleration, force / power, angle (yaw, pitch, roll), location (relative and / or coordinates), and / or timing of any given action in the sporting event.

[0058] According to some embodiments, the method 1300 may comprise receiving (e.g., from a third-party or judging device and / or via the electronic communications network) judge input for the first participant, at 1312. In some embodiments, the method 1300 may comprise receiving (e.g., from a third-party or judging device and / or via the electronic communications network) judge input for the second participant, at 1314. Data may be received, for example, from one or more judge input devices operated by one or more human judges assigned to the sporting event match, bout, round, etc. According to some embodiments, the judge input may comprise data descriptive of each judge’s decisions regarding, e.g., when a punch (and / or other action) “connects”, is considered a “power” (or otherwise significant) punch (and / or other action), and / or what type of punch (and / or other action) should be classified as. As indicated by the dashed lines at 1312 and 1314, the receiving of judge input may occur and / or be utilized in some embodiments, such as Al contact sport scoring systems that run in a “hybrid” scoring mode taking both Al-generated and human judge decisions / data into account. According to some embodiments, the system may be run in an entirely autonomous mode where judge inputs, if utilized at all, are only utilized for Al training purposes, and not for directly influencing scoring decisions.

[0059] In some embodiments, the method 1300 may comprise an execution (e.g., by a processing device) of a first or action type Al model, at 1316. The first Al model may be trained, for example, to classify different types of actions based on the received sensor and / or judge data. According to some embodiments, the first Al model may be trained on judge data from previous events and may utilize such training data to make determinations for the current event. The method 1300 and / or the execution of the first Al model may comprise, for example, selecting a punch (and / or other action), at 1316-1 . The received data / input may be analyzed, for example, to determine at least one of a plurality of punches (and / or other actions) such as the first punch at 1304, that is described by the data / input. In some embodiments, a specific action event such as the first punch may be parsed from the data / input, e.g., based on timing and / or other sensor data.

[0060] According to some embodiments, the method 1300 and / or the execution of the first Al model may comprise categorizing the punch (and / or other action), at 1316-2. The first Al model may be trained, for example, to examine sensor data and / or judge inputs to identify a type, style, and / or classification (e.g., weak, strong, etc.) of the particular action such as the first punch. In some embodiments, the first Al model may analyze gyroscopic and / or image (still and / or video) data to classify the first punch as a weak (e.g., based on acceleration / G-force data), left uppercut (e.g., based on location and / or movement data and / or data computed therefrom such as velocity and / or acceleration data). Other categorizations instead of or in addition to those used for non-limiting example herein may be utilized in some embodiments. In some embodiments, the method 1300 and / or the execution of the first AlPage 21 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 model may comprise determining whether there are more punches (and / or other actions) to classify, at 1316-3. The received data / input may be analyzed, for example to identify a number of actions (e.g., punches) that are represented by the data / input, and a list of the distinct actions may be developed and / or stored. In some embodiments, the list may be consulted and / or otherwise utilized to determine whether each action on the list has been categorized, or whether at least one action remains to be categorized. In the case that at least one more action remains to be categorized, the method 1300 and / or the execution of the first Al model may loop back to and / or comprise selecting a next punch (action) from the list, at 1316-1.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as in the case that it is determined at 1316-3 that all identified punches (and / or other actions) have been categorized, the execution of the first Al model may end and / or the method 1300 may comprise executing (e.g., by the processing device) a second Al model, at 1318. The second Al model may be trained, for example, to score and / or determine an outcome for the contact sports event. According to some embodiments, the second Al model may be trained to evaluate data output from the first Al model, received sensor data, and / or received judge inputs, to rank, score, and / or categorize the event (e.g., win, loss, and / or for whom the win or loss is attributed). In some embodiments, the method 1300 and / or the execution of the second Al model may comprise mapping sensor data (e.g., received at 1308 and / or 1310) to judge inputs (e.g., received at 1312 and / or 1314), at 1318-1 . The second Al model may utilize timing data, G-force data, location data, and / or movement data, for example, to match judge inputs for specific actions to the corresponding actions sensed and / or recorded by the sensors. As indicated by the dashed line at 1318-1 , the mapping of judge input may occur and / or be utilized in some embodiments, such as Al contact sport scoring systems that run in a “hybrid” scoring mode taking both Al- generated and human judge decisions / data into account. According to some embodiments, the system may be run in an entirely autonomous mode where judge inputs, if utilized at all, are only utilized for Al training purposes, and not for directly influencing scoring decisions.

[0062] According to some embodiments, the method 1300 and / or the execution of the second Al model may comprise computing scores, at 1318-2. In the case that the mapping is conducted at 1318-1 , for example, mapped judge and sensor data for various punches (and / or other actions) in the event may be evaluated, ranked, and / or scored, e.g., based on comparison to predefined thresholds and / or based on model interpretation of previous (e.g., training data) decisions. In some embodiments, a score may be computed for each action or for each “connected" or completed action - e.g., a punch judged and / or sensed to have “connected” to an opponent. According to some embodiments, each individual action score may be summed, averaged, and / or otherwise processed to define a score for each participant (and / or team, in the case that there are teams). In some embodiments, such as in the case that the system operates without real-time judge data, the second Al model may utilize the sensor data and logical pathways derived from the training data (e.g., previous judge data for previous events) to compute the scores.

[0063] In some embodiments, the method 1300 and / or the execution of the second Al model may comprisePage 22 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 computing a winner, at 1318-3. Based on a stored and / or derived (e.g., from training data) rule set for the event, for example, the participant (and / or team) with the highest (or lowest) score may be determined to be the winner of a particular round, match, bout, session, etc. According to some embodiments, Al-computed scores, judge inputs, milestones derived from sensor data (e.g., punch with highest G-force; highest number of uppercuts that connected), and / or event rules may be utilized to identify one (or more) of the participants as winners. In the case where the event can only have two (2) participants and a single winner, one of the first and second participants may be selected as the winner.

[0064] According to some embodiments, the method 1300 may comprise generating a GUI, at 1320. The GUI, which may be generated and / or output prior to, simultaneous with, and / or subsequent to the execution of the first and / or second Al models at 1316 and / or 1318, may provide various output elements representative of the contact sporting event. The GUI may provide indications (such as values, graphs, etc.) of some or all of the various actions in the event (such as the first and second punches), for example, such as total count of actions, number of actions in each category, sensor data readings and / or computed metrics for various actions (e.g., fastest retraction, hardest punch, most missed punches, most connected punches, etc.), etc. In some embodiments, the method 1300 may comprise outputting (e.g., via the GUI) an indication of the winner, at 1322. The winner computed by the second Al model at 1318-3 may, for example, be identified via an output element of the GUI. According to some embodiments, the underlying scores (for each participant and / or for any or all actions in the event) may also or alternatively be output. In some embodiments, the computed and / or output data may be utilized to re-train either or both of the Al models, e.g., to increase computational accuracy for future events. In some embodiments, computed outcomes (and / or scores) may be compared to human judge outcomes (and / or scores) to compute a difference or variance between the Al and human-generated determinations. According to some embodiments, once the "accuracy” (e.g., degree of agreement with human judging data) of the Al models reaches a pre-defined threshold, the system may be utilized to automatically score event without the need for human judging inputs, e.g., leveraging the repetitively- trained Al models for a particular sport.V. Al Contact Sport Scoring Apparatus, Articles of Manufacture, and Algorithms

[0065] Turning to FIG. 14, a block diagram of an apparatus 1410 according to some embodiments is shown. In some embodiments, the apparatus 1410 may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to any of the user devices / sensors 102a-n, 202a-d, 302a-d, 402, 502, third-party / judging devices 106, 206a-f, 306a-f, and / or controller / controller array / apparatus 1 10, 210, 310, 1410 of FIG. 1 , FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and / or FIG. 14 herein. The apparatus 1410 may, for example, execute, process, facilitate, and / or otherwise be associated with the methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG. 13 and / or FIG. 16 herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the apparatus 1410 may comprise a processing device 1412, a transceiver device 1414, an input device 1416, an output device 1418, an interface 1420, a memory device 1440 (storing various programs and / orPage 23 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 instructions 1442-1 , 1442-2, 1442-3, 1442-4 and data 1444-1 , 1444-2, 1444-3, 1444-4, 1444-5, 1444-6), and / or a cooling device 1450. According to some embodiments, any or all of the components 1412, 1414, 1416, 1418, 1420, 1440, 1442-1 , 1442-2, 1442-3, 1442-4, 1444-1 , 1444-2, 1444-3, 1444-4, 1444-5, 1444-6, 1450 of the apparatus 1410 may be similar in configuration and / or functionality to any similarly named and / or numbered components described herein. Fewer or more components 1412, 1414, 1416, 1418, 1420, 1440, 1442-1 , 1442-2, 1442-3, 1442- 4, 1444-1 , 1444-2, 1444-3, 1444-4, 1444-5, 1444-6, 1450 and / or various configurations of the components 1412, 1414, 1416, 1418, 1420, 1440, 1442-1 , 1442-2, 1442-3, 1442-4, 1444-1 , 1444-2, 1444-3, 1444-4, 1444-5, 1444-6, 1450 may be included in the apparatus 1410 without deviating from the scope of embodiments described herein.

[0066] According to some embodiments, the processing device / processor 1412 may be or include any type, quantity, and / or configuration of processor that is or becomes known. The processor 1412 may comprise, for example, an Intel® IXP 2800 network processor or an Intel® XEON™ Processor coupled with an Intel® E8501 chipset. In some embodiments, the processor 1412 may comprise multiple interconnected processors, microprocessors, and / or micro-engines. According to some embodiments, the processor 1412 (and / or the apparatus 1410 and / or other components thereof) may be supplied power via a power supply (not shown), such as a battery, an Alternating Current (AC) source, a Direct Current (DC) source, an AC / DC adapter, solar cells, and / or an inertial generator. In the case that the apparatus 1410 comprises a server, such as a blade server, necessary power may be supplied via a standard AC outlet, power strip, surge protector, and / or Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) device.

[0067] In some embodiments, the transceiver device 1414 may comprise any type or configuration of communication device that is or becomes known or practicable. The transceiver device 1414 may, for example, comprise a Network Interface Card (NIC), a telephonic device, a cellular network device, a router, a hub, a modem, and / or a communications port or cable. According to some embodiments, the transceiver device 1414 may also or alternatively be coupled to the processor 1412. In some embodiments, the transceiver device 1414 may comprise an IR, RF, Bluetooth™ , Near-Field Communication (NFC), and / or Wi-Fi® network device coupled to facilitate communications between the processor 1412 and another device (not shown).

[0068] According to some embodiments, the input device 1416 and / or the output device 1418 are communicatively coupled to the processor 1412 (e.g., via wired and / or wireless connections and / or pathways) and they may generally comprise any types or configurations of input and output components and / or devices that are or become known, respectively. The input device 1416 may comprise, for example, a keyboard that allows an operator of the apparatus 1410 to interface with the apparatus 1410 (e.g., by a programmer to configure and / or train multiple and / or multi-tier Al instances, as utilized herein). The output device 1418 may, according to some embodiments, comprise a display screen and / or other practicable output component and / or device. The output device 1418 may, for example, provide an interface (such as the interface 1420) via which an Al contact sport scoring system is provided and / or facilitated. According to some embodiments, the input device 1416 and / or the output device 1418 mayPage 24 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 comprise and / or be embodied in a single device, such as a touch-screen monitor.

[0069] The memory device 1440 may comprise any appropriate information storage device that is or becomes known or available, including, but not limited to, units and / or combinations of magnetic storage devices (e.g., a hard disk drive), optical storage devices, and / or semiconductor memory devices, such as RAM devices, Read Only Memory (ROM) devices, Single Data Rate Random Access Memory (SDR-RAM), Double Data Rate Random Access Memory (DDR-RAM), and / or Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM). The memory device 1440 may, according to some embodiments, store one or more of first Al model instructions 1442-1 , second Al model instructions 1442-2, human judging instructions 1442-3, interface instructions 1442-4, participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6. In some embodiments, the first Al model instructions 1442-1 , second Al model instructions 1442-2, human judging instructions 1442-3, interface instructions 1442-4, participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 may be utilized by the processor 1412 to provide output information via the output device 1418 and / or the transceiver device 1414.

[0070] According to some embodiments, the first Al model instructions 1442-1 may be operable to cause the processor 1412 to process the participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444- 4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 in accordance with embodiments as described herein. Participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 received via the input device 1416 and / or the transceiver device 1414 may, for example, be analyzed, sorted, filtered, decoded, decompressed, ranked, scored, plotted, and / or otherwise processed by the processor 1412 in accordance with the first Al model instructions 1442- 1. In some embodiments, participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 may be fed by the processor 1412 through one or more mathematical and / or statistical formulas and / or models in accordance with the first Al model instructions 1442-1 to automatically identify and / or classify action types (e.g,, punch types and / or classes), as described herein.

[0071] In some embodiments, the second Al model instructions 1442-2 may be operable to cause the processor 1412 to process the participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 in accordance with embodiments as described herein. Participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 received via the input device 1416 and / or the transceiver device 1414 may, for example, be analyzed, sorted, filtered, decoded, decompressed, ranked, scored, plotted, and / or otherwise processed by the processor 1412 in accordance with the second Al model instructions 1442-2. In some embodiments, participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary AlPage 25 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 may be fed by the processor 1412 through one or more mathematical and / or statistical formulas and / or models in accordance with the second Al model instructions 1442-2 to automatically compute scores, ranks, and / or outcomes for contact sport events, as described herein.

[0072] According to some embodiments, the human judging instructions 1442-3 may be operable to cause the processor 1412 to process the participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444- 4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 in accordance with embodiments as described herein. Participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 received via the input device 1416 and / or the transceiver device 1414 may, for example, be analyzed, sorted, filtered, decoded, decompressed, ranked, scored, plotted, and / or otherwise processed by the processor 1412 in accordance with the human judging instructions 1442-3. In some embodiments, participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 may be fed by the processor 1412 through one or more mathematical and / or statistical formulas and / or models in accordance with the human judging instructions 1442-3 to receive, solicit, evaluate, and / or utilize (e.g., as Al training data and / or as Al model inputs), data descriptive of human judging determinations for a contact sport event, as described herein.

[0073] In some embodiments, the interface instructions 1442-4 may be operable to cause the processor 1412 to process the participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 in accordance with embodiments as described herein. Participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 received via the input device 1416 and / or the transceiver device 1414 may, for example, be analyzed, sorted, filtered, decoded, decompressed, ranked, scored, plotted, and / or otherwise processed by the processor 1412 in accordance with the interface instructions 1442-4. In some embodiments, participant data 1444-1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444- 5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6 may be fed by the processor 1412 through one or more mathematical and / or statistical formulas and / or models in accordance with the interface instructions 1442-4 to to generate and / or provide interfaces and / or interface elements for evaluating contact sporting event results, as described herein.

[0074] According to some embodiments, the apparatus 1410 may comprise the cooling device 1450. According to some embodiments, the cooling device 1450 may be coupled (physically, thermally, and / or electrically) to the processor 1412 and / or to the memory device 1440. The cooling device 1450 may, for example, comprise a fan, heat sink, heat pipe, radiator, cold plate, and / or other cooling component or device or combinations thereof, configured to remove heat from portions or components of the apparatus 1410.

[0075] Any or all of the exemplary instructions and data types described herein and other practicable types of data may be stored in any number, type, and / or configuration of memory devices that is or becomes known. The memory device 1440 may, for example, comprise one or more data tables or files, databases, table spaces, registers, and / orPage 26 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 other storage structures. In some embodiments, multiple databases and / or storage structures (and / or multiple memory devices 1440) may be utilized to store information associated with the apparatus 1410. According to some embodiments, the memory device 1440 may be incorporated into and / or otherwise coupled to the apparatus 1410 (e.g., as shown) or may simply be accessible to the apparatus 1410 (e.g., externally located and / or situated).

[0076] Referring to FIG. 15A, FIG. 15B, FIG. 15C, FIG. 15D, and FIG. 15E, perspective diagrams of exemplary data storage devices 1540a-e according to some embodiments are shown. The data storage devices 1540a-e may, for example, be utilized to store instructions and / or data, such as the first Al model instructions 1442-1 , second Al model instructions 1442-2, human judging instructions 1442-3, interface instructions 1442-4, participant data 1444- 1 , sensor data 1444-2, event data 1444-3, action data 1444-4, primary Al model data 1444-5, and / or secondary Al model data 1444-6, each of which is presented in reference to FIG. 14 herein. In some embodiments, instructions stored on the data storage devices 1540a-e may, when executed by a processor, cause the implementation of and / or facilitate the methods / algorithms 1300, 1600 of FIG. 13 and / or FIG. 16 herein, and / or portions or combinations thereof.

[0077] According to some embodiments, the first data storage device 1540a may comprise one or more various types of internal and / or external hard drives. The first data storage device 1540a may, for example, comprise a data storage medium 1546 that is read, interrogated, and / or otherwise communicatively coupled to and / or via a disk reading device 1548. In some embodiments, the first data storage device 1540a and / or the data storage medium 1546 may be configured to store information utilizing one or more magnetic, inductive, and / or optical means (e.g., magnetic, inductive, and / or optical-encoding). The data storage medium 1546, depicted as a first data storage medium 1546a for example (e.g., breakout cross-section "A”), may comprise one or more of a polymer layer 1546a- 1 , a magnetic data storage layer 1546a-2, a non-magnetic layer 1546a-3, a magnetic base layer 1546a-4, a contact layer 1546a-5, and / or a substrate layer 1546a-6. According to some embodiments, a magnetic read head 1548a may be coupled and / or disposed to read data from the magnetic data storage layer 1546a-2.

[0078] In some embodiments, the data storage medium 1546, depicted as a second data storage medium 1546b for example (e.g., breakout cross-section "B”), may comprise a plurality of data points 1546b-2 disposed with the second data storage medium 1546b. The data points 1546b-2 may, in some embodiments, be read and / or otherwise interfaced with via a laser-enabled read head 1548b disposed and / or coupled to direct a laser beam through the second data storage medium 1546b.

[0079] In some embodiments, the second data storage device 1540b may comprise a CD, CD-ROM, DVD, Blu- Ray™ Disc, and / or other type of optically-encoded disk and / or other storage medium that is or becomes know or practicable. In some embodiments, the third data storage device 1540c may comprise a USB keyfob, dongle, and / or other type of flash memory data storage device that is or becomes know or practicable. In some embodiments, the fourth data storage device 1540d may comprise RAM of any type, quantity, and / or configuration that is or becomes practicable and / or desirable. In some embodiments, the fourth data storage device 1540d may comprise an off-Page 27 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 chip cache, such as a Level 2 (L2) cache memory device. According to some embodiments, the fifth data storage device 1540e may comprise an on-chip memory device, such as a Level 1 (L1 ) cache memory device.

[0080] The data storage devices 1540a-e may generally store program instructions, code, and / or modules that, when executed by a processing device cause a particular machine to function in accordance with one or more embodiments described herein. The data storage devices 1540a-e depicted in FIG. 15A, FIG. 15B, FIG. 15C, FIG. 15D, and FIG. 15E are representative of a class and / or subset of computer-readable media that are defined herein as "computer-readable memory” e.g., non-transitory memory devices as opposed to transmission devices or media).

[0081] With reference to FIG. 16, for example, the data storage devices 1540a-e may store and / or define an algorithm 1600. The algorithm 1600 may comprise, for example, one or more software programs, modules, engines, models (e.g., Al models), and / or applications coded to perform any of the method 1300 of FIG. 13 herein, and / or portions thereof. The algorithm 1600, and any reference to the term "algorithm” herein, refers to any set of defined instructions and / or trained instructions, guidelines, and / or prompt sets that operate upon input to define and / or provide output. The algorithm 1600 may, for example, be specifically programmed, trained, and / or otherwise defined to instruct a computer or other device (not shown) to solve a particular problem (e.g, logical) and / or resolve a particular mathematical calculation (e.g, arithmetic). In some embodiments, the algorithm 1600 may be written and / or defined as a series or sequence of instructions, guidelines, formulas, thresholds, rules, and / or prompts encoded in (e.g, written in accordance with syntax and / or semantics rules) a particular computer programming language (e.g, Python™ , Java™, JavaScript™ , C, C++, C#, Basic™, FORTRAN, COBOL, Ruby™, and / or Perl™), e.g, a set of instructions that convert and / or encode characters, objects, and / or other data elements into machine code (e.g., code operable to be executed by an electronic processing device, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU)).

[0082] According to some embodiments, the algorithm 1600 may comprise soliciting input, at 1602. Input from one or more sources may be searched for and / or queried, by structuring and / or executing a database query and / or by sending a data communication signal or “handshake", such as is common with Bluetooth® short-range communication protocols. In some embodiments, the algorithm 1600 may comprise receiving the input, at 1604. Whether solicited or otherwise provided and / or acquired (e.g., loaded and / or downloaded), for example, the input for the algorithm 1600 may be received, identified, and / or otherwise processed and / or located. According to some embodiments, the algorithm 1600 may comprise data processing, at 1612. The data processing may, for example, comprise execution of one or more logical and / or computational procedures, modules, scripts, models, and / or routines that may be stored in a memory device 1640 (e.g, similar to the data storage devices 1540a-e) as a set of instructions or rules 1642 and / or that may be defined and / or implemented by one or more electrical, mechanical, and / or physical components, such as logic gates, diodes, transistors, relays, and / or switches (e.g, operable to execute any of the method 1300 of FIG. 13 herein, and / or portions thereof).Page 28 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03

[0083] In some embodiments, execution of the algorithm 1600 may comprise a loading of the rules 1642 into the memory device 1640 and / or into an electronic processing system (not shown) and / or an activation of one or more logic gates and / or other electrical and / or mechanical components. The algorithm 1600 may operate upon the input in accordance with the rules 1642 to achieve a result by defining output, at 1618. The algorithm 1600 may, for example, generate, produce, define, identify, calculate, and / or otherwise compute output based on an application of the data processing (at 1612) utilizing the rules 1642 and any or all input receiving at 1604. According to some embodiments, the algorithm 1600 may comprise providing the output, at 1620. One or more output devices (not shown) may be utilized to convey the output (e.g., a result, conclusion, decision, etc.) to one or more other devices and / or entities (not shown), such as one or more users, judges, participants, athletes, fans, consumers, customers, potential customers, and / or devices utilized thereby. The output may be displayed via an electronic display screen of a computer, mobile / smart phone, smart watch, etc., and / or may be transmitted as one or more electronic signals to one or more network destination addresses, such as email addresses, URL locations, Media Access Control (MAC) addresses, and / or broadcast radio frequencies.

[0084] According to some embodiments, the data processing at 1612 may comprise execution of a listing, sequence, matrix, and / or other set of stored steps and / or instructions that utilize the input to define the output (e.g., an Al-generated contact sports event score / outcome, as described herein). In some embodiments, the listing of steps and / or instruction details may comprise elements that are known to those skilled in the art The algorithm 1600 may partially or completely comprise, for example, instructions and / or steps that are well known, such as steps and / or instructions operable to calculate an area (length times width), volume (length times width times height), distance (difference between two locations), velocity (distance over time), acceleration (velocity over time), and / or any other known mathematical and / or logical (if / then statements) procedures. For any and all known procedures and / or instructions, the discrete details of such instructions are represented by the data processing at 1612 and are not listed herein as one of ordinary skill in the art would readily comprehend both what such technological knowledge entails and that the inventor has possession of such knowledge. Instructions that may be included within and / or comprise the data processing at 1612 (and / or the algorithm 1600) may include, for example, but are not limited to, any known or practicable: (I) communication protocols and / or algorithms, (ii) Al, LLM, and / or ML data input classification algorithms, (iii) data transmission algorithms, (iv) data encoding algorithms, (v) data decoding algorithms, (vi) logical and / or mathematical data comparison algorithms, and (vii) data searching (e.g., keyword searching) algorithms.VI. RULES OF INTERPRETATION

[0085] Throughout the description herein and unless otherwise specified, the following terms may include and / or encompass the example meanings provided. These terms and illustrative example meanings are provided to clarify the language selected to describe embodiments both in the specification and in the appended claims, andPage 29 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 accordingly, are not intended to be generally limiting. While not generally limiting and while not limiting for all described embodiments, in some embodiments, the terms are specifically limited to the example definitions and / or examples provided. Other terms are defined throughout the present description.

[0086] Neither the Title (set forth at the beginning of the first page of this patent application) nor the Abstract (set forth at the end of this patent application) is to be taken as limiting in any way as the scope of the disclosed invention(s). Headings of sections provided in this patent application are for convenience only, and are not to be taken as limiting the disclosure in any way.

[0087] All definitions, as defined and used herein, should be understood to control over dictionary definitions, definitions in documents incorporated by reference, and / or ordinary meanings of the defined terms. The terms and expressions which have been employed herein are used as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention, in the use of such terms and expressions, of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described (or portions thereof), and it is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims. Accordingly, the claims are intended to cover all such equivalents.

[0088] The indefinite articles "a” and “an," as used herein in the specification and in the claims, unless clearly indicated to the contrary, should be understood to mean “at least one” or "one or more". This rule applies even within the body of a claim where a first instance of an element utilizes “a” or “an” and a second or subsequent instance of the element necessarily utilizes (e.g., for purposes of proper grammar and required antecedent basis) the definite article “the” to refer to the element. The use of the definite article “the” does not limit the element to a single object merely because it is utilized to refer back to a previous mention of the element. The original reference to the element controls with respect to the plurality (or lack thereof) of the element.

[0089] The phrase “and / or”, as used herein in the specification and in the claims, should be understood to mean “either or both" of the elements so conjoined, / .e., elements that are conjunctively present in some cases and disjunctively present in other cases. Other elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified by the “and / or” clause, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified, unless clearly indicated to the contrary.

[0090] When an ordinal number (such as "first", "second", "third" and so on) is used as an adjective before a term, that ordinal number is used (unless expressly specified otherwise) merely to indicate a particular feature, such as to distinguish that particular feature from another feature that is described by the same term or by a similar term. For example, a "first widget" may be so named merely to distinguish it from, e.g., a "second widget". Thus, the mere usage of the ordinal numbers "first" and "second" before the term "widget" does not indicate any other relationship between the two widgets, and likewise does not indicate any other characteristics of either or both widgets. For example, the mere usage of the ordinal numbers "first" and "second" before the term "widget" (1) does not indicate that either widget comes before or after any other in order or location; (2) does not indicate that either widget occurs or acts before or after any other in time; and (3) does not indicate that either widget ranks above or below any other,Page 30 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 as in importance or quality. In addition, the mere usage of ordinal numbers does not define a numerical limit to the features identified with the ordinal numbers. For example, the mere usage of the ordinal numbers "first" and "second" before the term "widget" does not indicate that there must be no more than two widgets.

[0091] An enumerated list of items (which may or may not be numbered) does not imply that any or all of the items are mutually exclusive, unless expressly specified otherwise. Likewise, an enumerated list of items (which may or may not be numbered) does not imply that any or all of the items are comprehensive of any category, unless expressly specified otherwise. For example, the enumerated list "a computer, a laptop, a PDA" does not imply that any or all of the three items of that list are mutually exclusive and does not imply that any or all of the three items of that list are comprehensive of any category.

[0092] Some embodiments described herein are associated with a "user device" or a "network device". As used herein, the terms "user device" and "network device" may be used interchangeably and may generally refer to any device that can communicate via a network. Examples of user or network devices include a PC, a workstation, a server, a printer, a scanner, a facsimile machine, a copier, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a storage device (e.g., a disk drive), a hub, a router, a switch, and a modem, a video game console, or a wireless phone. User and network devices may comprise one or more communication or network components. As used herein, a "user” may generally refer to any individual and / or entity that operates a user device. Users may comprise, for example, customers, consumers, product underwriters, product distributors, customer service representatives, agents, brokers, etc.

[0093] As used herein, the term “network component” may refer to a user or network device, or a component, piece, portion, or combination of user or network devices. Examples of network components may include a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) device or module, a network processor, and a network communication path, connection, port, or cable.

[0094] In addition, some embodiments are associated with a "network" or a "communication network". As used herein, the terms "network" and "communication network" may be used interchangeably and may refer to any object, entity, component, device, and / or any combination thereof that permits, facilitates, and / or otherwise contributes to or is associated with the transmission of messages, packets, signals, and / or other forms of information between and / or within one or more network devices. Networks may be or include a plurality of interconnected network devices. In some embodiments, networks may be hard-wired, wireless, virtual, neural, and / or any other configuration of type that is or becomes known. Communication networks may include, for example, one or more networks configured to operate in accordance with the Fast Ethernet LAN transmission standard 802.3-2002® published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). In some embodiments, a network may include one or more wired and / or wireless networks operated in accordance with any communication standard or protocol that is or becomes known or practicable.

[0095] As used herein, the terms “information” and “data” may be used interchangeably and may refer to any data,Page 31 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 text, voice, video, image, message, bit, packet, pulse, tone, waveform, and / or other type or configuration of signal and / or information. Information may comprise information packets transmitted, for example, in accordance with the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) standard as defined by "Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification” RFC 1883, published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), Network Working Group, S. Deering et al. (December 1995). Information may, according to some embodiments, be compressed, encoded, encrypted, and / or otherwise packaged or manipulated in accordance with any method that is or becomes known or practicable.

[0096] In addition, some embodiments described herein are associated with an “indication”. As used herein, the term “indication” may be used to refer to any indicia and / or other information indicative of or associated with a subject, item, entity, and / or other object and / or idea. As used herein, the phrases “information indicative of' and “indicia” may be used to refer to any information that represents, describes, and / or is otherwise associated with a related entity, subject, or object. Indicia of information may include, for example, a code, a reference, a link, a signal, an identifier, and / or any combination thereof and / or any other informative representation associated with the information. In some embodiments, indicia of information (or indicative of the information) may be or include the information itself and / or any portion or component of the information. In some embodiments, an indication may include a request, a solicitation, a broadcast, and / or any other form of information gathering and / or dissemination.

[0097] As utilized herein, the terms “program” or “computer program” may refer to one or more algorithms formatted for execution by a computer. The term “module” or “software module” refers to any number of algorithms and / or programs that are written to achieve a particular output and / or output goal - e.g., a ‘login credentialing’ module (or program) may provide functionality for permitting a user to login to a computer software and / or hardware resource and / or a 'shipping' module (or program) may be programmed to electronically initiate a shipment of an object via a known and / or available shipping company and / or service (e.g., FedEX®). The terms “engine” or “software engine” refer to any combination of software modules and / or algorithms that operate upon one or more inputs to define one or more outputs in an ongoing, cyclical, repetitive, and / or loop fashion. Data transformation scripts and / or algorithms that query data from a data source, transform the data, and load the transformed data into a target data repository may be termed ‘data transformation engines’, for example, as they repetitively operate in an iterative manner upon each row of data to produce the desired results.

[0098] Numerous embodiments are described in this patent application, and are presented for illustrative purposes only. The described embodiments are not, and are not intended to be, limiting in any sense. The presently disclosed invention(s) are widely applicable to numerous embodiments, as is readily apparent from the disclosure. One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the disclosed invention(s) may be practiced with various modifications and alterations, such as structural, logical, software, and electrical modifications. Although particular features of the disclosed invention(s) may be described with reference to one or more particular embodiments and / or drawings, it should be understood that such features are not limited to usage in the one or more particular embodiments or drawings with reference to which they are described, unless expressly specified otherwise.Page 32 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03

[0099] Devices that are in communication with each other need not be in continuous communication with each other, unless expressly specified otherwise. On the contrary, such devices need only transmit to each other as necessary or desirable, and may actually refrain from exchanging data most of the time. For example, a machine in communication with another machine via the Internet may not transmit data to the other machine for weeks at a time. In addition, devices that are in communication with each other may communicate directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries.

[0100] A description of an embodiment with several components or features does not imply that all or even any of such components and / or features are required. On the contrary, a variety of optional components are described to illustrate the wide variety of possible embodiments of the present inven tion(s). Unless otherwise specified explicitly, no component and / or feature is essential or required.

[0101] Further, although process steps, algorithms or the like may be described in a sequential order, such processes may be configured to work in different orders. In other words, any sequence or order of steps that may be explicitly described does not necessarily indicate a requirement that the steps be performed in that order. The steps of processes described herein may be performed in any order practical. Further, some steps may be performed simultaneously despite being described or implied as occurring non-simultaneously (e.g., because one step is described after the other step). Moreover, the illustration of a process by its depiction in a drawing does not imply that the illustrated process is exclusive of other variations and modifications thereto, does not imply that the illustrated process or any of its steps are necessary to the invention, and does not imply that the illustrated process is preferred.

[0102] "Determining" something can be performed in a variety of manners and therefore the term "determining" (and like terms) includes calculating, computing, deriving, looking up (e.g., in a table, database or data structure), ascertaining and the like.

[0103] It will be readily apparent that the various methods and algorithms described herein may be implemented by, e.g., appropriately and / or specially-programmed computers and / or computing devices. Typically a processor (e.g., one or more microprocessors) will receive instructions from a memory or like device, and execute those instructions, thereby performing one or more processes defined by those instructions. Further, programs that implement such methods and algorithms may be stored and transmitted using a variety of media (e.g., computer readable media) in a number of manners. In some embodiments, hard-wired circuitry or custom hardware may be used in place of, or in combination with, software instructions for implementation of the processes of various embodiments. Thus, embodiments are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software

[0104] A "processor" generally means any one or more microprocessors, CPU devices, computing devices, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, or like devices, as further described herein.

[0105] The term "computer-readable medium" refers to any medium that participates in providing data (e.g., instructions or other information) that may be read by a computer, a processor or a like device. Such a mediumPage 33 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 may take many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Nonvolatile media include, for example, optical or magnetic disks and other persistent memory. Volatile media include DRAM, which typically constitutes the main memory. Transmission media include coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires that comprise a system bus coupled to the processor. Transmission media may include or convey acoustic waves, light waves and electromagnetic emissions, such as those generated during RF and IR data communications. Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, DVD, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, any other physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, an EPROM, a FLASH- EEPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave, or any other medium from which a computer can read.

[0106] The term "computer-readable memory’’ may generally refer to a subset and / or class of computer-readable medium that does not include transmission media such as waveforms, carrier waves, electromagnetic emissions, etc. Computer-readable memory may typically include physical media upon which data (e.g., instructions or other information) are stored, such as optical or magnetic disks and other persistent memory, DRAM, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, DVD, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, any other physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, an EPROM, a FLASH- EEPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, computer hard drives, backup tapes, Universal Serial Bus (USB) memory devices, and the like.

[0107] Various forms of computer readable media may be involved in carrying data, including sequences of instructions, to a processor. For example, sequences of instruction (i) may be delivered from RAM to a processor, (ii) may be carried over a wireless transmission medium, and / or (iii) may be formatted according to numerous formats, standards or protocols, such as Bluetooth™ , TDMA, CDMA, 3G.

[0108] Where databases are described, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that (i) alternative database structures to those described may be readily employed, and (II) other memory structures besides databases may be readily employed. Any illustrations or descriptions of any sample databases presented herein are illustrative arrangements for stored representations of information. Any number of other arrangements may be employed besides those suggested by, e.g., tables illustrated in drawings or elsewhere. Similarly, any illustrated entries of the databases represent exemplary information only; one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the number and content of the entries can be different from those described herein. Further, despite any depiction of the databases as tables, other formats (including relational databases, object-based models and / or distributed databases) could be used to store and manipulate the data types described herein. Likewise, object methods or behaviors of a database can be used to implement various processes, such as the described herein. In addition, the databases may, in a known manner, be stored locally or remotely from a device that accesses data in such a database.Page 34 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03

[0109] The present invention can be configured to work in a network environment including a computer that is in communication, via a communications network, with one or more devices. The computer may communicate with the devices directly or indirectly, via a wired or wireless medium such as the Internet, LAN, WAN or Ethernet, Token Ring, or via any appropriate communications means or combination of communications means. Each of the devices may comprise computers, such as those based on the Intel® Pentium® or Centrino™ processor, that are adapted to communicate with the computer. Any number and type of machines may be in communication with the computer.

[0110] The present disclosure provides, to one of ordinary skill in the art, an enabling description of several embodiments and / or inventions. Some of these embodiments and / or inventions may not be claimed in the present application, but may nevertheless be claimed in one or more continuing applications that claim the benefit of priority of the present application. Applicants intend to file additional applications to pursue patents for subject matter that has been disclosed and enabled but not claimed in the present application.

[0111] It will be understood that various modifications can be made to the embodiments of the present disclosure herein without departing from the scope thereof. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting the disclosure, but merely as embodiments thereof. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.Page 35 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docx

Claims

PCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03What is claimed is:1 . An Artificial Intelligence (Al) digital boxing system for judging a boxing match between a first boxer and a second boxer, comprising: a first wireless sensor coupled to the first boxer; a second wireless sensor coupled to the second boxer; at least one first judging device operated by a first judge assigned to the first boxer; at least one second judging device operated by at least one second judge assigned to the second boxer; an Al controller device comprising a plurality of electronic processing devices, the Al controller device being in communication with each of the first wireless sensor, the second wireless sensor, the at least one first judging device, and the at least one second judging device; and a non-transitory electronic memory device in communication with the Al controller device, the non- transitory electronic memory device storing (i) a first Al model, (II) a second Al model, (ill) Graphical User Interface (GUI) generation instructions, and (iv) instructions, that when executed by the Al controller device, result in: receiving, from the first wireless sensor during the boxing match, first sensor data descriptive of a first plurality of punches thrown by the first boxer; receiving, from the second wireless sensor during the boxing match, second sensor data descriptive of a second plurality of punches thrown by the second boxer; receiving, from the at least one first judging device during the boxing match, first input from the first judge defining one or more values for the first plurality of punches thrown by the first boxer; receiving, from the at least one second judging device during the boxing match, second input from the second judge defining one or more values for the second plurality of punches thrown by the second boxer; categorizing, by execution of the first Al model and utilizing the first sensor data, the first plurality of punches thrown by the first boxer into one of a plurality of punch types; categorizing, by execution of the first Al model and utilizing the second sensor data, the second plurality of punches thrown by the second boxer into one of a plurality of punch types; identifying, for each punch of the first plurality of punches thrown by the first boxer, a mapping between a subset of the first sensor data and a corresponding subset of the first input; identifying, for each punch of the second plurality of punches thrown by the second boxer, a mapping between a subset of the second sensor data and a corresponding subset of the second input;Page 36 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-03 computing, by execution of the second Al model and utilizing the subset of the first sensor data and the corresponding subset of the first input for each punch of the first plurality of punches thrown by the first boxer, a first score for the first boxer; computing, by execution of the second Al model and utilizing the subset of the second sensor data and the corresponding subset of the second input for each punch of the second plurality of punches thrown by the second boxer, a second score for the second boxer; identifying, based on a comparison of the first and second scores, the first boxer as a computed winner of the boxing match; and outputting, via a GUI and by execution of the GUI generation instructions, a graphical indication of the computed winner of the boxing match.

2. The Al digital boxing system of claim 1 , wherein the outputting, comprises: generating, via the GUI, a first graphical bar representing a total possible score for the first boxer; generating, via the GUI, a second graphical bar representing a total possible score for the second boxer; altering the first graphical bar to output a representation of the first score; and altering the second graphical bar to output a representation of the second score.

3. The Al digital boxing system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and the second sensor data, comprises: (i) force data, (ii) direction data, (iii) speed data, and (iv) count data.

4. The Al digital boxing system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and the second input, comprises a decision defining whether a particular punch was landed or not.

5. The Al digital boxing system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of punch types comprise: (i) an uppercut, (ii) a jab, (iii) a cross, and (iv) a hook.

6. The Al digital boxing system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions, when executed by the Al controller device, further result in: receiving an indication of a decision of a central judge defining at least one of the first boxer and the second boxer as a judged winner of the boxing match; identifying a difference between the judged winner and the computed winner; and updating, based on the identified difference and utilizing the indication of the decision of the central judge, the second Al model.Page 37 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docxPCT PATENT Attorney Docket No.: BI02-002-037. The Al digital boxing system of claim 1 , wherein the identifying of the mappings between the subsets of the sensor data and the corresponding subsets of the input is conducted in real-time during the boxing match and wherein the instructions, when executed by the Al controller device, further result in: outputting, via the GUI and by execution of the GUI generation instructions, and prior to the computed winner of the boxing match being identified and for each punch from each of the plurality of punches, a graphical indication representative of the input corresponding to the punch.

8. The Al digital boxing system of claim 7, wherein the instructions, when executed by the Al controller device, further result in: outputting, via the GUI and by execution of the GUI generation instructions, and prior to the computed winner of the boxing match being identified and for each punch from each of the plurality of punches, a graphical indication representative of the sensor data corresponding to the punch.

9. The Al digital boxing system of claim 7, wherein the instructions, when executed by the Al controller device, further result in: outputting, via the GUI and by execution of the GUI generation instructions, and prior to the computed winner of the boxing match being identified and for each punch from each of the plurality of punches, a graphical indication representative of the categorized punch type for the punch.

10. The Al digital boxing system of claim 7, wherein the at least one first judging device comprises three (3) judging devices and the at least one second judging device comprises three (3) judging devices.11 . The Al digital boxing system of claim 1 , wherein the outputting, comprises: generating, via the GUI, a first graphical bar representing a total possible health level for the first boxer; generating, via the GUI, a second graphical bar representing a total possible health level for the second boxer; altering the first graphical bar to output a representation of a current health level of the first boxer, wherein the current health level of the first boxer is computed based on the second sensor data; and altering the second graphical bar to output a representation of a current health level of the second boxer, wherein the current health level of the second boxer is computed based on the first sensor data.Page 38 of 39BI02-002-03_PCT_10-28-25 docx

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