Method and device for automatic production and stacking of concrete prefabricated blocks

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for automatic production and stacking of concrete prefabricated blocks applied in the field of test block production, comprising: S1: first locating a storage container, gripping an empty mold using an overhead crane assembly and placing same on a production line; S2: spraying oil on the empty mold using an oil spraying assembly, subsequently placing a label using a label assembly, placing the empty mold on a vibration assembly under the action of a rotation assembly, introducing concrete from inside a concrete truck into the empty mold to cast a prefabricated block, and vibrating the cast prefabricated block using the vibration assembly; S3: completing label reading and entry by a label reader-writer installed below a conveying mechanism I, wherein the label reader-writer writes production information into the label and synchronously transmits same to a backend server; S4: returning the mold with which casting has been completed to the storage container using the overhead crane assembly. By utilizing a fully automated method and apparatus, automatic streamlined casting of concrete test blocks can be achieved, reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving the efficiency of test block casting.

Description

A method and apparatus for automatic fabrication and stacking of precast concrete blocks Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of test block production, and in particular to an automatic method and apparatus for producing and stacking precast concrete blocks. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most concrete test block casting in China relies heavily on manual labor, with manual operation required for all aspects, including sample information entry, sample storage and transportation, data collection and comprehensive processing.

[0003] Manual concrete test block casting is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and inefficient. Furthermore, its heavy reliance on manual labor throughout the casting process leads to a lack of controllability, resulting in a series of management and monitoring problems. Currently, the most effective solution to minimize the impact of human factors on the casting process and results, and to maximize the reliability of subsequent sample data, is to achieve automated concrete test block casting. However, how to achieve automated concrete test block casting has become a pressing technical challenge for the industry.

[0004] To address this issue, we propose an automated method and device for the production and stacking of precast concrete blocks. Technical solutions

[0005] The purpose of this application is to automatically pour concrete test blocks, reducing the workload of workers. Compared with the prior art, it provides an automatic method for producing and stacking precast concrete blocks, including the following steps:

[0006] S1: First, locate the container, use the overhead crane to grab the empty mold and place it on the production line;

[0007] S2: Use the spraying component to spray oil onto the empty mold, then use the label component to place the label, and use the rotating component to place the empty mold onto the vibrating component. Then, use the concrete truck to pour concrete into the empty mold to cast precast blocks, and use the vibrating component to vibrate the cast precast blocks.

[0008] S3: The label reader installed below the conveyor mechanism completes the label reading and input. The label reader writes the label production information and transmits it to the backend server simultaneously.

[0009] S4: Use the crane assembly to return the cast mold to the container.

[0010] By utilizing fully automated methods and equipment, the pouring of concrete test blocks can be automated, reducing the workload of workers and improving the efficiency of test block pouring. At the same time, the placement, reading, and entry of labels can enable subsequent management and processing of the test blocks.

[0011] An automated precast concrete block manufacturing and palletizing device includes a machine base, a container connected to the left side of the machine base, and a concrete truck connected to the right side of the machine base. Multiple empty molds are placed inside the container. The machine base includes a base, with a traveling assembly corresponding to the position of the container mounted on its upper end, a label assembly corresponding to the position of the traveling assembly, a painting assembly corresponding to the position of the label assembly, a rotating assembly corresponding to the position of the label assembly, a vibration assembly corresponding to the position of the rotating assembly, a cleaning assembly corresponding to the position of the vibration assembly, and a transfer assembly corresponding to the position of the vibration assembly. After the container is connected to the machine, the traveling component can grab the molds inside the container layer by layer and place the molds on the labeling component. The labeling component places a label containing the test block information into the mold. The rotating component transfers the labeled mold to the vibration component, and the concrete truck is controlled to pour concrete into the mold. The operation of the vibration component makes the concrete inside the mold more uniform, improving the quality of the test block. The vibrated test block is pushed to the transfer component by the cleaning component. At the same time, the cleaning component can clean the surface of the vibration component to prevent the falling concrete from contaminating the vibration component. The test block in the transfer component is then grabbed by the traveling component and placed inside the container.

[0012] Furthermore, the traveling assembly includes a horizontal sliding rod fixedly connected to the upper end of the base, a vertical sliding rod slidably connected to the upper end of the horizontal sliding rod, and a telescopic claw slidably connected to the side wall of the vertical sliding rod. The telescopic claw can grab empty molds from inside the container, or place cast molds inside the container. By using the horizontal sliding rod in conjunction with the vertical sliding rod, the free extension and retraction function of the telescopic claw can realize the function of grabbing items in a local three-dimensional space, improving the degree of freedom of grabbing. The horizontal sliding rod, the vertical sliding rod, and the telescopic claw all use commercially available electric drive devices.

[0013] Furthermore, the oil spraying assembly includes an aerosol nozzle, an oil can, and a limiting device. The oil spraying device will work once every time it passes through a mold, spraying oil at regular intervals and in a measured amount. The oil spraying device is used to lubricate the mold and prevent the test block from sticking to the inside of the mold.

[0014] Furthermore, the label assembly includes a label machine, which includes a label storage device and a label cutting device. The label assembly also includes a label suction mechanical claw. Each time a label passes through a mold, the label suction mechanical claw will use an air pump to pick up a cut label and put it into the mold. Label reading and input are both completed by a label reader / writer. The label reader / writer will write label production information and transmit it synchronously to the backend server.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes an electric telescopic rod, with a servo motor 2 fixedly connected to the upper end of the electric telescopic rod. An electric clamping claw is connected to the upper end of the servo motor 2 via a fixed rod. The rotating assembly also includes a transmission mechanism 2 corresponding to the position of the electric clamping claw. The servo motor 2 drives the fixed rod and the electric clamping claw to move, and the electric clamping claw cooperates to transfer the mold and place it in a designated position.

[0016] Furthermore, the vibration assembly includes a base plate, with a vibration platform connected to the upper part of the base plate via multiple elastic supports. Waste boxes are located on both sides of the vibration platform, and a sliding plate is installed on the end of the vibration platform near the waste boxes. Multiple laser rangefinders, corresponding to the positions of the vibration platform, are installed on the inner wall of the casing. These laser rangefinders are aligned with the four corners of the mold on the vibration platform. A vibrator is installed below the vibration platform, generating vibration that allows the concrete poured inside the mold to be mixed more evenly, improving the quality of the test block. The waste boxes collect spilled concrete, reducing its contamination of the vibration platform. The laser rangefinders measure the four corners of the test block until the concrete height at all four corners is consistent, indicating that the test block vibration is complete, thus ensuring the quality of the test block.

[0017] Furthermore, the cleaning component includes a propulsion mechanism fixedly installed on the upper end of the base. A push plate is fixedly connected to the movable end of the propulsion mechanism, and a cleaning plate is installed at the lower end of the push plate. The cleaning plate is in close contact with the surface of the vibration platform. The push plate can push the vibrated test block mold into the transfer component, and at the same time, it can drive the cleaning plate to scrape and clean the surface of the vibration platform, keeping the vibration platform clean.

[0018] Furthermore, the transfer assembly includes a mounting bracket and a conveying mechanism. A servo motor is installed inside the mounting bracket, and a turntable is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor. A conveying roller is installed on the upper end of the turntable, and baffles are installed on the upper end of the turntable and on both sides of the conveying roller. A scraper is installed on the upper end of the mounting bracket, and the bottom wall of the scraper is at the same height as the top of the mold. The servo motor can drive the turntable to rotate at a specified angle, and in conjunction with the conveying roller, transport the vibrated mold to the conveying mechanism, where it awaits to be picked up by the crane assembly and placed in the container.

[0019] Furthermore, a wet-dry separation baffle is installed at the upper end of the base, between the vibration component and the cleaning component, to prevent concrete from splashing to some extent. Beneficial effects

[0020] 1. By using fully automated methods and equipment, the pouring of concrete test blocks can be automated, reducing the workload of workers and improving the efficiency of test block pouring. At the same time, the placement, reading and entry of labels can be used for subsequent management and processing of test blocks.

[0021] 2. After the container is connected to the machine, the overhead crane component can grab the molds inside the container layer by layer and place the molds on the label component. The label component places the label containing the test block information into the mold. The rotating component transfers the labeled mold to the vibration component, and controls the concrete truck to pour concrete into the mold. The operation of the vibration component makes the concrete inside the mold more uniform and improves the quality of the test block. The vibrated test block is pushed to the transfer component by the cleaning component. At the same time, the cleaning component can clean the surface of the vibration component to prevent the falling concrete from contaminating the vibration component. The test block in the transfer component is then grabbed by the overhead crane component and placed inside the container. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a flowchart of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the machine tool in this application;

[0025] Figure 4 is an exploded view of the internal structure of the machine tool in this application;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the casing structure of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle component structure of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the label component structure of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the rotating component structure of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the vibration component structure of this application;

[0031] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component structure of this application;

[0032] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the transfer component structure of this application;

[0033] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the container structure of this application;

[0034] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the concrete truck structure of this application.

[0035] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0036] 1. Machine base; 11. Base; 12. Buckle; 13. Transfer assembly; 131. Conveying mechanism one; 132. Servo motor one; 133. Conveying roller; 134. Baffle; 135. Scraper; 14. Vibration assembly; 141. Base plate; 142. Elastic support; 143. Vibration platform; 144. Slide plate; 145. Waste box; 15. Rotation assembly; 151. Servo motor two; 152. Electric gripper; 153. Electric telescopic rod; 154. Conveying mechanism two; 6. Label assembly; 161. Labeling machine; 162. Label suction mechanical gripper; 17. Overhead crane assembly; 171. Vertical sliding rod; 172. Telescopic gripper; 173. Horizontal sliding rod; 18. Dry and wet separation baffle; 19. Cleaning assembly; 191. Push plate; 192. Cleaning plate; 193. Pushing mechanism; 2. Container; 21. Shelf; 22. Counterweight bin; 23. Mold slot; 3. Concrete truck; 31. Work box; 32. Pump pipe; 33. Storage hopper; 4. Control panel. Embodiments of the present invention

[0037] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within a compatible component. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Example

[0040] This invention provides an automated method for fabricating and stacking precast concrete blocks, as shown in Figures 1-3, including the following steps:

[0041] S1: First, position container 2, use the overhead crane component 17 to grab the empty mold and place it on the production line;

[0042] S2: Use the spraying component to spray oil on the empty mold, then use the label component 16 to place the label, and use the rotating component 15 to place the empty mold on the vibration component 14. Then, use the concrete inside the concrete truck 3 to pour the precast blocks into the empty mold and use the vibration component 14 to vibrate the poured precast blocks.

[0043] S3: The label reader installed below the conveyor mechanism 131 completes the label reading and input. The label reader writes the label production information and transmits it to the backend server simultaneously.

[0044] S4: Use the crane assembly 17 to return the cast mold to container 2.

[0045] Specifically, by using fully automated methods and equipment, the pouring of concrete test blocks can be automated, reducing the workload of workers and improving the efficiency of test block pouring. At the same time, the placement, reading and entry of labels can be used for subsequent management and processing of the test blocks.

[0046] An automatic precast concrete block manufacturing and stacking device, as shown in Figures 2-4, includes a machine base 1, a container 2 connected to the left side of the machine base 1, and a concrete truck 3 connected to the right side of the machine base 1. Multiple empty molds are placed inside the container 2. The machine base 1 includes a base 11, a traveling component 17 corresponding to the position of the container 2 mounted on the upper end of the base 11, a label component 16 corresponding to the position of the traveling component 17 mounted on the upper end of the base 11, an oil spraying component corresponding to the position of the label component 16 mounted on the upper end of the base 11, a rotating component 15 corresponding to the position of the label component 16 mounted on the upper end of the base 11, a vibration component 14 corresponding to the position of the rotating component 15 mounted on the upper end of the base 11, a cleaning component 19 corresponding to the position of the vibration component 14 mounted on the upper end of the base 11, and a transfer component 13 corresponding to the position of the vibration component 14 mounted on the upper end of the base 11.

[0047] Specifically, after container 2 is connected to machine 1, the traveling component 17 can grab the mold inside container 2 in layers and place the mold on the label component 16. The label component 16 places a label containing the test block information into the mold. The rotating component 15 transfers the labeled mold to the vibration component 14, and controls the concrete truck 3 to pour concrete into the mold. The operation of the vibration component 14 makes the concrete inside the mold more uniform, improving the quality of the test block. The vibrated test block is pushed to the transfer component 13 by the cleaning component 19. At the same time, the cleaning component 19 can clean the surface of the vibration component 14 to prevent the falling concrete from contaminating the vibration component 14. The test block in the transfer component 13 is then grabbed by the traveling component 17 and placed inside the container.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 12. The container 2 includes a shelf 21. A counterweight compartment 22 is provided under the shelf 21. A counterweight block is installed inside the counterweight compartment 22. Multiple mold slots 23 are installed inside the shelf 21.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 13. The concrete truck 3 includes a trolley at the bottom and a work box 31 installed on top of the trolley. A storage hopper 33 is installed on the upper end of the work box 31. The storage hopper 33 is filled with concrete. A cement pump is installed inside the work box 31. One end of the cement pump is connected to the storage hopper 33, and the other end is connected to a pouring head through a pump pipe 32. The pouring head is installed inside the machine casing and corresponds to the position of the vibration platform 143.

[0050] A buckle 12 is provided on the side wall of the base 11 near the container 2, and the base 11 and the container 2 are connected by the buckle 12.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 5. A control panel 4 is installed on the outside of the casing.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 6. The traveling assembly 17 includes a horizontal sliding rod 173 fixedly connected to the upper end of the base 11. A vertical sliding rod 171 is slidably connected to the upper end of the horizontal sliding rod 173. A telescopic claw 172 is slidably connected to the side wall of the vertical sliding rod 171. The telescopic claw 172 can grab empty molds from inside the container 2, or place cast molds inside the container 2.

[0053] Specifically, by using the horizontal sliding rod 173 in conjunction with the vertical sliding rod 171, the telescopic claw 172 can freely extend and retract to enable it to grasp objects in a local three-dimensional space, thus improving the degree of freedom in grasping. The horizontal sliding rod 173, the vertical sliding rod 171, and the telescopic claw 172 all use commercially available electric drive devices.

[0054] The oil spraying assembly includes an aerosol nozzle, an oil can, and a limiting device. The oil spraying device will work once every time it passes through a mold, spraying oil at regular intervals and in a measured amount. The oil spraying device is used to lubricate the mold and prevent the test block from sticking to the inside of the mold.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 7. The label assembly 16 includes a label machine 161, which includes a label storage device and a label cutting device. The label assembly 16 also includes a label suction mechanical claw 162. Each time the label suction mechanical claw 162 passes through a mold, it will use an air pump to pick up a cut label and put it into the mold. Label reading and input are both completed by the label reader / writer. The label reader / writer will write the label production information and transmit it synchronously to the backend server.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 8. The rotating assembly 15 includes an electric telescopic rod 153. A servo motor 151 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the electric telescopic rod 153. An electric clamping claw 152 is connected to the upper end of the servo motor 151 through a fixed rod. The rotating assembly 15 also includes a transmission mechanism 154 corresponding to the position of the electric clamping claw 152. The servo motor 151 drives the fixed rod and the electric clamping claw 152 to move and cooperate with the electric clamping claw 152 to transfer the mold and place it in the designated position.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 9. The vibration assembly 14 includes a base plate 141. The upper end of the base plate 141 is connected to a vibration platform 143 via multiple elastic brackets 142. Scrap boxes 145 are provided on both the left and right sides of the vibration platform 143. A sliding plate 144 is installed on the end of the vibration platform 143 near the scrap box 145. Multiple laser range sensors corresponding to the positions of the vibration platform 143 are installed on the inner wall of the housing. The multiple laser range sensors are aligned with the four corners of the inner side of the mold on the vibration platform 143. A vibrator is installed below the vibration platform 143.

[0058] Specifically, the vibration generated by the vibrator allows the concrete poured inside the mold to be mixed more evenly by the vibration platform 143, thus improving the quality of the test block. The waste box 145 can collect the scattered concrete, reducing its contamination of the vibration platform 143. The laser range sensor can measure the four corners of the test block until the concrete height at the four corners is consistent, indicating that the test block vibration is complete, thus ensuring the quality of the test block.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 10. The cleaning component 19 includes a push mechanism 193 fixedly installed on the upper end of the base 11. A push plate 191 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the push mechanism 193. A cleaning plate 192 is installed at the lower end of the push plate 191. The cleaning plate 192 is in close contact with the surface of the vibration platform 143. The push plate 191 can push the vibrated test block mold into the transfer component 13. At the same time, it can drive the cleaning plate 192 to scrape and clean the surface of the vibration platform 143, keeping the vibration platform 143 clean.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 11. The transfer assembly 13 includes a mounting bracket and a conveying mechanism 131. A servo motor 132 is installed inside the mounting bracket. A turntable is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 132. A conveying roller 133 is installed on the upper end of the turntable. Baffles 134 are installed on the upper end of the turntable and on both sides of the conveying roller 133. A scraper 135 is installed on the upper end of the mounting bracket. The bottom wall of the scraper 135 is at the same height as the top of the mold. The servo motor 132 can drive the turntable to rotate at a specified angle. In conjunction with the conveying roller 133, the vibrated mold is transported to the conveying mechanism 131, waiting for the crane assembly 17 to pick it up and place it in the container 2.

[0061] A dry-wet separation baffle 18 is installed on the upper part of the base 11 and between the vibration component 14 and the cleaning component 19 to prevent concrete from splashing to a certain extent.

[0062] The above description is only the best implementation method adopted in this application in combination with current practical needs, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto.

Claims

1. A method for automatically manufacturing and stacking precast concrete blocks, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: First, position the container (2), use the crane assembly (17) to grab the empty mold and place it on the production line; S2: Use the spraying assembly to spray oil on the empty mold, then use the label assembly (16) to place the label, and under the action of the rotating assembly (15), place the empty mold on the vibration assembly (14), and pour the concrete inside the concrete truck (3) into the empty mold for precast block pouring. Use the vibration assembly (14) to vibrate the poured precast block. S3: The label reader installed below the conveying mechanism (131) completes the label reading and input. The label reader will write the label production information and transmit it to the backend server simultaneously. S4: Use the crane assembly (17) to send the cast mold back to the container (2).

2. An automatic precast concrete block manufacturing and stacking device, comprising a machine base (1), a container (2) connected to the left side of the machine base (1), a concrete truck (3) connected to the right side of the machine base (1), and multiple empty molds placed inside the container (2), characterized in that, The machine (1) includes a base (11) and an externally mounted housing. A traveling component (17) corresponding to the position of the container (2) is installed on the upper end of the base (11). A label component (16) corresponding to the position of the traveling component (17) is installed on the upper end of the base (11). An oil spraying component corresponding to the position of the label component (16) is installed on the upper end of the base (11). A rotating component (15) corresponding to the position of the label component (16) is installed on the upper end of the base (11). A vibration component (14) corresponding to the position of the rotating component (15) is installed on the upper end of the base (11). A cleaning component (19) corresponding to the position of the vibration component (14) is installed on the upper end of the base (11). A transfer component (13) corresponding to the position of the vibration component (14) is installed on the upper end of the base (11).

3. The automatic precast concrete block manufacturing and stacking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The traveling assembly (17) includes a horizontal sliding rod (173) fixedly connected to the upper end of the base (11). A vertical sliding rod (171) is slidably connected to the upper end of the horizontal sliding rod (173). A telescopic claw (172) is slidably connected to the side wall of the vertical sliding rod (171). The telescopic claw (172) can grab empty molds from inside the container (2) or place cast molds inside the container (2).

4. The automatic precast concrete block manufacturing and stacking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oil spraying assembly includes an aerosol nozzle, an oil can, and a limiting device. The oil spraying device will work once every time it passes a mold, spraying oil at regular intervals and in a fixed quantity.

5. The automatic precast concrete block manufacturing and stacking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The label assembly (16) includes a label machine (161), which includes a label storage device and a label cutting device. The label assembly (16) also includes a label suction mechanical claw (162). Each time the label suction mechanical claw (162) passes through a mold, it will use an air pump to suck up a cut label and put it into the mold.

6. The automatic precast concrete block manufacturing and stacking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating assembly (15) includes an electric telescopic rod (153), the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a servo motor (151), the upper end of which is connected to an electric gripper (152) via a fixed rod, and the rotating assembly (15) also includes a transmission mechanism (154) corresponding to the position of the electric gripper (152).

7. The automatic precast concrete block manufacturing and stacking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration assembly (14) includes a base plate (141). The upper end of the base plate (141) is connected to a vibration platform (143) via multiple elastic brackets (142). Waste boxes (145) are provided on both the left and right sides of the vibration platform (143). A sliding plate (144) is installed on one end of the vibration platform (143) near the waste box (145). Multiple laser ranging sensors corresponding to the position of the vibration platform (143) are installed on the inner side wall of the housing. The multiple laser ranging sensors are aligned with the four corners of the mold on the vibration platform (143).

8. The automatic precast concrete block manufacturing and stacking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning component (19) includes a propulsion mechanism (193) fixedly installed on the upper end of the base (11). The movable end of the propulsion mechanism (193) is fixedly connected to a push plate (191). A cleaning plate (192) is installed on the lower end of the push plate (191). The cleaning plate (192) is in close contact with the surface of the vibration platform (143).

9. An automatic precast concrete block manufacturing and stacking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transfer assembly (13) includes a mounting bracket and a conveying mechanism (131). A servo motor (132) is provided inside the mounting bracket. A turntable is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (132). A conveying roller (133) is provided on the upper end of the turntable. Baffles (134) are installed on the upper end of the turntable and on both sides of the conveying roller (133). A scraper (135) is provided on the upper end of the mounting bracket. The bottom wall of the scraper (135) is at the same height as the top of the mold.

10. An automatic precast concrete block manufacturing and stacking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A wet and dry separation baffle (18) is installed on the upper end of the base (11) and between the vibration assembly (14) and the cleaning assembly (19).

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