Data transmission method, device and storage medium

Abstract

The present application provides a data transmission method, a device, and a storage medium. The data transmission method is applicable to a first communication node, and comprises: performing check appending and encoding operations on data to be sent, to obtain a codeword sequence; generating a square wave of an order corresponding to a frequency shift factor, and processing the codeword sequence on the basis of the square wave, to obtain a data symbol to be sent; and sending, to a second communication node, a symbol to be sent, which carries a pilot symbol and the data symbol to be sent.

Description

Data transmission methods, devices and storage media Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to a data transmission method, device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) communication, the Device-to-Reader (D2R) link employs frequency division multiple access (FDMA) based on small frequency shifts to support uplink access from multiple devices. For the uplink / D2R link, the reader needs to determine the bandwidth and center frequency for uplink access based on parameters such as codeword period, line code encoding method, and frequency shift factor M, in order to separate the aliased data received from multiple devices.

[0003] However, D2R transmission modes can include various codeword periods, linear codes, and frequency shift factors. For example, available codeword periods range from 1.04 µs to 133.33 µs; available linear codes (also known as waveform codes) include Non-Return to Zero (NRZ-L) codes and Manchester codes; and available frequency shift factors M include positive integer values ​​such as 2, 3, 4, and 5. Different combinations of codeword periods and linear codes correspond to different occupied bandwidths, and different frequency shift factors correspond to different center frequencies. These three factors together determine the candidate frequency domain resource configuration combinations for uplink frequency division multiple access. Therefore, defining candidate frequency domain resource configuration combinations suitable for A-IoT communication to improve transmission efficiency and reduce collisions is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a data transmission method, device, and storage medium, which effectively improves transmission efficiency and reduces collisions.

[0005] This application provides a data transmission method applied to a first communication node, including:

[0006] Perform checksum appending and encoding operations on the data to be sent to obtain a codeword sequence;

[0007] A square wave of the order corresponding to the frequency shift factor is generated, and the codeword sequence is processed based on the square wave to obtain the data symbol to be transmitted;

[0008] The transmit symbol, carrying the pilot symbol and the data symbol to be transmitted, is sent to the second communication node.

[0009] This application provides a data transmission method applied to a second communication node, including:

[0010] Receive the transmittable symbol carrying pilot symbols and transmittable data symbols sent by the first communication node;

[0011] The filtering frequency band is determined based on the frequency shift factor and the codeword period, and the data symbols to be transmitted are filtered based on the filtering frequency band to obtain the codeword sequence;

[0012] The codeword sequence is detected to recover the data to be sent.

[0013] This application provides a data transmission device applied to a first communication node, comprising:

[0014] The encoding module is configured to perform checksum appending and encoding operations on the data to be sent to obtain a codeword sequence.

[0015] The processing module is configured to generate a square wave of order corresponding to the frequency shift factor, and process the codeword sequence based on the square wave to obtain the data symbol to be transmitted;

[0016] The transmitting module is configured to send a symbol to be transmitted, carrying pilot symbols and the data symbols to be transmitted, to the second communication node.

[0017] This application provides a data transmission device applied to a second communication node, comprising:

[0018] The receiving module is configured to receive the transmittable symbol carrying pilot symbols and transmittable data symbols sent by the first communication node;

[0019] The filtering module is configured to determine the filtering frequency band based on the frequency shift factor and the codeword period, and to filter the data symbols to be transmitted based on the filtering frequency band to obtain the codeword sequence;

[0020] The detection module is configured to perform a detection operation on the codeword sequence to recover the data to be sent.

[0021] This application provides a communication device, including: a memory, and one or more processors;

[0022] The memory is configured to store one or more programs;

[0023] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0024] This application provides a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the methods described in any of the above embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a flowchart of another data transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of another data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0031] Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) supports D2R links using linear code encoding methods including biphase-spaced FM0 codes and Miller codes. Due to limitations in device power consumption, low complexity, and hardware performance, RFID systems employ a small-frequency-shift-based frequency division multiple access (FDMA) scheme for uplink D2R link transmission. This involves multiplying the linear code-encoded sequence with square wave signals of different chip lengths to achieve frequency shift. RFID D2R links support frequency shift factors of M = 1, 2, 4, or 8, where M represents the number of square waves within a codeword period. With FM0 codes, the supported frequency shift factor is M = 1; with Miller codes, the supported frequency shift factors include M = 2 / 4 / 8.

[0032] In passive IoT communication technology, pilot-assisted data transmission is typically employed. Channel equalization and synchronization are performed on the data through pilot-based channel estimation, sampling frequency offset (SFO) estimation, time offset (TO) estimation, and carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation, thereby improving detection performance. Pilots can be generated based on synchronization sequences, including a preamble, a midamble, and a postamble. The preamble is entirely placed before the data to be transmitted; the midamble can be evenly distributed among the data to be transmitted; and the postamble is entirely placed after the data to be transmitted.

[0033] In one embodiment, FIG1 is a flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application. This embodiment is applied to the configuration of frequency domain resources in an A-IoT communication scenario. This embodiment can be executed by a first communication node. In an A-IoT system, the first communication node can act as a transmitting node; for example, the first communication node may include a passive IoT device or a tag. As shown in FIG1, this embodiment includes: S110-S130.

[0034] S110. Perform checksum appending and encoding operations on the data to be sent to obtain a codeword sequence.

[0035] S120. Generate a square wave of the order corresponding to the frequency shift factor, and process the codeword sequence based on the square wave to obtain the data symbol to be transmitted.

[0036] S130: Send the transmittable symbol carrying the pilot symbol and the transmittable data symbol to the second communication node.

[0037] In one example, the order of the square wave is related to the frequency shift factor. For instance, the order of the square wave and the value of the frequency shift factor are the same, where the order of the square wave refers to the number of square waves in the codeword period. For example, if the frequency shift factor is M, then an M-order square wave can be generated based on the frequency shift factor M. In one example, processing the codeword sequence based on the square wave can include performing a small frequency shift on the codeword sequence based on the square wave signal.

[0038] The first communication node performs checksum appending and encoding operations on the data to be transmitted to obtain a codeword sequence. Then, it generates a square wave of the corresponding order based on a frequency shift factor, and applies a small frequency shift to the codeword sequence based on the square wave signal. By setting the frequency shift factor, the codeword sequence can be shifted to different desired positions, achieving frequency division multiple access (FDMA) transmission and reducing data transmission collisions. Simultaneously, by setting different codeword periods for the linear code, the bandwidth of the generated signal can be adjusted. Combined with the position of the frequency shift of the codeword sequence using the square wave, more user data can be carried in the frequency domain, effectively improving data transmission efficiency. In one example, pilot symbols are used to assist the second communication node, acting as the receiver, in signal detection. The first communication node sends a transmit symbol carrying both the pilot symbol and the data symbol to be transmitted to the second communication node.

[0039] In one embodiment, the data to be transmitted is subjected to checksum appending and encoding operations to obtain a codeword sequence, including:

[0040] The data to be transmitted is subjected to cyclic redundancy check appending and forward error correction coding to obtain the encoded bit sequence;

[0041] The encoded bit sequence is linearly encoded to obtain a codeword sequence, or the encoded bit sequence is linearly encoded and modulated to obtain a codeword sequence. The first communication node can append a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) to the data to be transmitted. This involves calculating a fixed-length CRC checksum based on the data content and appending it to the end of the data. Then, the CRC-applied data is encoded using Forward Error Correction (FEC) to obtain the encoded bit sequence. Finally, the encoded bit sequence is linearly encoded, or linearly encoded and modulated to obtain the codeword sequence. In one example, the length of the CRC checksum added to the data can be any non-negative integer. In one example, FEC encoding can include, but is not limited to, convolutional codes, tail-biting convolutional codes, polar codes, low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, and turbo codes; linear codes can include, but are not limited to, non-return-to-zero (NRZ-L) codes and Manchester codes. In one example, in D2R transmission, when there is a service requirement to send data, the first communication node on the transmitting side first performs traditional data processing on the data to be sent, including adding CRC, FEC encoding, and linear code encoding to form a codeword sequence. In one example, the modulation method of the frequency shift symbol may include, but is not limited to, one of the following: On-Off Keying (OOK) and Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK).

[0042] In one embodiment, the codeword period of the linear code is indicated by signaling sent by the second communication node. In one example, the codeword period of the linear code can be Tb; the bandwidth of the linear code is B, for example, the bandwidth of NRZ-L code is B = 1 / Tb; the bandwidth of Manchester code is B = 2 / Tb.

[0043] In one embodiment, for multiple access transmission of a communication link, the codeword period of different first communication nodes includes one of the following characteristics:

[0044] The linear codes of each first communication node have the same codeword period;

[0045] Some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes have the same codeword period, while others have different codeword periods.

[0046] Each of the first communication nodes uses a linear code with a different codeword period. In one example, the communication link can be a D2R link; for multiple access transmission on a D2R link, each first communication node uses a linear code with the same codeword period, indicated by signaling sent by a second communication node; in one example, for multiple access transmission on a D2R link, some first communication nodes use linear codes with the same codeword period, while others use linear codes with different codeword periods, indicated by signaling sent by a second communication node; in another example, for multiple access transmission on a D2R link, each first communication node uses a linear code with a different codeword period, indicated by signaling sent by a second communication node.

[0047] In one embodiment, for multiple access transmission of a communication link, the linear code of different first communication nodes includes one of the following features:

[0048] The linear code of each first communication node is the same;

[0049] The linear codes of some first communication nodes are the same, while the linear codes of some first communication nodes are different;

[0050] The linear code of each of the first communication nodes is different.

[0051] In one embodiment, the linear code is determined by one of the following:

[0052] Signaling instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0053] The configuration method is determined by a pre-configuration method, which is negotiated and determined by the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0054] Determined by the codeword period of the first communication node;

[0055] Determined by the transmission bandwidth of the first communication node;

[0056] Determined by the pilot sequence selected by the first communication node;

[0057] Determined by the type of the first communication node;

[0058] It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

[0059] In one embodiment, the value of the frequency shift factor is determined by the chip length of the square wave and the codeword period of the linear code. In one example, an M-order square wave is generated based on the frequency shift factor M, and the codeword sequence is slightly shifted based on the M-order square wave signal to obtain a frequency-shifted symbol. In one example, the frequency shift factor M and the M-order square wave have the following relationship: M = Tb / (2*Lchip); where Lchip represents the chip length of the square wave, that is, the duration of the high / low level in the square wave, and thus the value of M also represents the number of square waves in a codeword. The amount of the slight frequency shift is Δf = M / Tb = 1 / (2*Lchip).

[0060] In one embodiment, the frequency shift factor is determined by one of the following methods:

[0061] The frequency shift factor is randomly selected by the first communication node from the frequency shift factor candidate set;

[0062] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the device identifier of the first communication node;

[0063] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the signaling sent by the second communication node;

[0064] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the codeword period; wherein the frequency shift factor candidate set is determined by negotiation between the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0065] In one embodiment, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to different first communication nodes are different; or, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to some of the first communication nodes are the same.

[0066] In one embodiment, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set; wherein, the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node is any value in the frequency shift factor candidate set, and the codeword period used by the first communication node is any value in the codeword period candidate set.

[0067] In one embodiment, the index of the codeword period of the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set is the same as the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set.

[0068] In one embodiment, if the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set are a set, then a value is randomly selected from the set or selected according to a preset method as the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node.

[0069] In one embodiment, the sum of the index of the codeword period used by the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set and the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set is equal to the total number of elements plus one; wherein, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set.

[0070] In one embodiment, if the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set are a set, then a value is randomly selected from the set or selected according to a preset method as the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node.

[0071] In one embodiment, the values ​​of the elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set are determined by at least one of the following parameters: codeword period; linear coding bandwidth; and maximum supported bandwidth. In one example, the maximum supported bandwidth refers to the maximum bandwidth supported by the A-IoT system.

[0072] In one embodiment, the range of values ​​for the frequency shift factor and the maximum number of first communication nodes that can be accessed by multiple access are determined based on the codeword period and / or the corresponding transmission bandwidth.

[0073] In one embodiment, the codeword sequence is processed based on a square wave to obtain a frequency-shifted symbol, including one of the following:

[0074] The frequency-shifted symbol is obtained by XORing the codeword sequence with the square wave.

[0075] The frequency-shifted symbol is obtained by performing an XOR operation between the codeword sequence and the square wave.

[0076] The frequency shift symbol is obtained by multiplying the codeword sequence with a square wave. In one example, the frequency shift symbol can be obtained by performing an XOR operation between the codeword sequence and the square wave; alternatively, it can be obtained by performing an XNOR operation between the codeword sequence and the square wave; or, it can be obtained by multiplying the codeword sequence with the square wave.

[0077] In one embodiment, the pilot symbols include at least one of a preamble symbol, a middle guide symbol, and a tail guide symbol.

[0078] In one embodiment, the pilot symbol is determined by a pilot sequence selected by the first communication node from a set of pilot sequences;

[0079] The pilot sequence is determined by one of the following methods:

[0080] The pilot sequence is randomly selected by the first communication node from the set of pilot sequences;

[0081] The pilot sequence is indicated by the frequency shift factor of the first communication node;

[0082] The pilot sequence is indicated by instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0083] The pilot sequence is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

[0084] In one embodiment, the set of pilot sequences is determined through negotiation between the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0085] In one embodiment, the pilot sequence set includes at least one of the following characteristics: the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets have different lengths; the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets have different types. The number of pilot sequences included in the pilot sequence set is one or more. In one example, the type of pilot sequence may include, but is not limited to, one of the following: Hadamard sequence; sparse sequence; Golay sequence; m-sequence; Gold sequence. In one example, different pilot sequence sets have different characteristics; for example, two different pilot sequence sets contain pilot sequences with different lengths, or two different pilot sequence sets contain pilot sequences with different types, or two different pilot sequence sets contain pilot sequences with different lengths and types. In one example, the pilot sequence set contains only one pilot sequence. In yet another example, the pilot sequence set contains more than one pilot sequence.

[0086] In one embodiment, the set of pilot sequences is determined by at least one of the following methods:

[0087] Determined by the pre-configured method;

[0088] Signaling instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0089] It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link;

[0090] The type of the first communication node determines this. In one example, the set of pilot sequences may be known jointly by the first communication node acting as the transmitter and the second communication node acting as the receiver. In another example, the set of pilot sequences may be indicated by signaling sent by the second communication node, which may indicate the length and type of the pilot sequences included in the set.

[0091] In one embodiment, Figure 2 is a flowchart of another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application. This embodiment is applied to the configuration of frequency domain resources in an A-IoT communication scenario. This embodiment can be executed by a second communication node. In the A-IoT system, the second communication node can act as a receiving node; for example, the second communication node may include a base station, an auxiliary node, an intermediate node, or a reader. As shown in Figure 2, this embodiment includes: S210-S230.

[0092] S210, Receive the transmittable symbol carrying pilot symbol and transmittable data symbol sent by the first communication node.

[0093] S220. Determine the filtering frequency band based on the frequency shift factor and code word period, and filter the data symbols to be transmitted based on the filtering frequency band to obtain the code word sequence.

[0094] S230. Perform a detection operation on the codeword sequence to recover the data to be sent.

[0095] In one embodiment, a detection operation is performed on the codeword sequence to recover the data to be sent, including:

[0096] The codeword sequence can be linearly decoded to obtain the encoded bit sequence, or the codeword sequence can be demodulated and linearly decoded to obtain the encoded bit sequence.

[0097] The encoded bit sequence is subjected to forward error correction decoding and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) removal to obtain the data to be transmitted. In one example, the linear code used for decoding by the second communication node is the same as the linear code used for encoding by the first communication node. In one example, the modulation scheme used for demodulation by the second communication node is also the same as the modulation scheme used by the first communication node; in another example, the forward error correction code used for decoding by the second communication node is also the same as the forward error correction code used for encoding by the first communication node; the rules for CRC appending by the second communication node are also the same as the rules for CRC removal by the first communication node.

[0098] In one embodiment, the codeword period of the linear code is configured by the second communication node.

[0099] In one embodiment, for multiple access transmission of a communication link, the codeword period of different first communication nodes includes one of the following characteristics:

[0100] The linear codes of each first communication node have the same codeword period;

[0101] Some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes have the same codeword period, while others have different codeword periods.

[0102] Each first communication node has a linear code with a different codeword period.

[0103] In one embodiment, for multiple access transmission of a communication link, the linear code of different first communication nodes includes one of the following features:

[0104] The linear code of each first communication node is the same;

[0105] The linear codes of some first communication nodes are the same, while the linear codes of some first communication nodes are different;

[0106] The linear code of each of the first communication nodes is different.

[0107] In one embodiment, the linear code is determined by one of the following:

[0108] The configuration method is determined by a pre-configuration method, which is negotiated and determined by the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0109] Determined by the codeword period of the first communication node;

[0110] Determined by the transmission bandwidth of the first communication node;

[0111] Determined by the pilot sequence selected by the first communication node;

[0112] Determined by the type of the first communication node;

[0113] It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

[0114] In one embodiment, the value of the frequency shift factor is determined by the chip length of the square wave and the codeword period of the linear code.

[0115] In one embodiment, the frequency shift factor is determined by one of the following methods:

[0116] The frequency shift factor is randomly selected by the first communication node from the frequency shift factor candidate set;

[0117] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the device identifier of the first communication node;

[0118] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the signaling sent by the second communication node;

[0119] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the codeword period; wherein the frequency shift factor candidate set is determined by negotiation between the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0120] In one embodiment, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to different first communication nodes are different; or, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to some of the first communication nodes are the same.

[0121] In one embodiment, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set; wherein, the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node is any value in the frequency shift factor candidate set, and the codeword period used by the first communication node is any value in the codeword period candidate set.

[0122] In one embodiment, the index of the codeword period of the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set is the same as the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set.

[0123] In one embodiment, if the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set are a set, then a value is randomly selected from the set or selected according to a preset method as the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node.

[0124] In one embodiment, the sum of the index of the codeword period used by the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set and the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set is equal to the total number of elements plus one; wherein, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set.

[0125] In one embodiment, if the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set are a set, then a value is randomly selected from the set or selected according to a preset method as the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node.

[0126] In one embodiment, the values ​​of the elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set are determined by at least one of the following parameters: codeword period; linear coding bandwidth; maximum supported bandwidth.

[0127] In one embodiment, the range of values ​​for the frequency shift factor and the maximum number of first communication nodes that can be accessed by multiple access are determined based on the codeword period and / or the corresponding transmission bandwidth.

[0128] In one embodiment, the pilot symbols include at least one of a preamble symbol, a middle guide symbol, and a tail guide symbol.

[0129] In one embodiment, the pilot symbol is determined by a pilot sequence selected by the first communication node from a set of pilot sequences;

[0130] The pilot sequence is determined by one of the following methods:

[0131] The pilot sequence is randomly selected by the first communication node from the set of pilot sequences;

[0132] The pilot sequence is indicated by the frequency shift factor of the first communication node;

[0133] The pilot sequence is indicated by instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0134] The pilot sequence is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

[0135] In one embodiment, the set of pilot sequences is determined through negotiation between the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0136] In one embodiment, the pilot sequence set includes at least one of the following characteristics: the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets have different lengths; the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets have different types. The number of pilot sequences included in the pilot sequence set is one or more.

[0137] In one embodiment, the set of pilot sequences is determined by at least one of the following methods:

[0138] Determined by the pre-configured method;

[0139] Signaling instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0140] It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link;

[0141] It is determined by the type of the first communication node.

[0142] It should be noted that the explanations of parameters such as code word period, modulation scheme, frequency shift factor, pilot symbol, and linear code in the data transmission method applied to the second communication node can be found in the descriptions of the corresponding parameters in the data transmission method applied to the first communication node, and will not be repeated here.

[0143] Example 1

[0144] In this embodiment, the method for determining the linear code used for D2R transmission of the first communication node and the characteristics of the codeword period of the linear code are explained.

[0145] In D2R link transmission, various linear codes can be included, such as non-return-to-zero (NRZ-L) codes and Manchester codes. The linear code is determined by one of the following methods:

[0146] 1) Signaling instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0147] In some embodiments, the second communication node first sends signaling to the first communication node, indicating the linear code of its D2R transmission, and the signaling sent by the second communication node to all the first communication nodes indicates the same linear code. For example, the signaling sent to all the first communication nodes indicates NRZ-L code or Manchester code.

[0148] In some embodiments, the second communication node first sends signaling to the first communication node, indicating the linear code for its D2R transmission. Signaling sent by the second communication node to different first communication nodes indicates different linear codes. For example, the second communication node may send signaling indicating that the linear code for the D2R transmission of some first communication nodes is Manchester code; the second communication node may send signaling indicating that the linear code for the D2R transmission of other first communication nodes is NRZ-L code.

[0149] 2) Determined by a pre-configured method, and this pre-configured method is known to both the sending and receiving ends;

[0150] In some embodiments, the linear code for D2R transmission of all first communication nodes is determined by a pre-configured method, and all first communication nodes use the same linear code for D2R transmission. For example, the linear code used by all first communication nodes is pre-configured as NRZ-L code or Manchester code, etc.

[0151] In some embodiments, the linear code encoding method for D2R transmission of all first communication nodes is determined by a pre-configured method, and the linear code encoding method for D2R transmission of different first communication nodes can be different. For example, the linear code for D2R transmission of some first communication nodes can be pre-configured as NRZ-L code; the linear code for D2R transmission of some first communication nodes can be pre-configured as Manchester code, etc.

[0152] 3) Determined by the codeword period of the first communication node;

[0153] In some embodiments, if the codeword period of the linear code used by the first communication node does not exceed a first threshold, an NRZ-L code may be used; if the codeword period of the linear code used by the first communication node exceeds the first threshold, a Manchester code may be used; wherein, the first threshold is known jointly by the transmitting and receiving ends, and may be indicated by signaling or determined by a pre-configured method.

[0154] 4) Determined by the transmission bandwidth of the first communication node;

[0155] In some embodiments, Manchester code may be used when the transmission bandwidth of the first communication node does not exceed the first bandwidth; NRZ-L code may be used when the transmission bandwidth of the first communication node exceeds the first bandwidth. The size of the first bandwidth is known to both the transmitting and receiving ends and may be indicated by signaling or determined by a pre-configured method.

[0156] 5) Determined by the pilot sequence selected by the first communication node;

[0157] In some embodiments, if the length of the pilot sequence selected by the first communication node does not exceed the second threshold, NRZ-L code may be used; if the length of the pilot sequence selected by the first communication node exceeds the second threshold, Manchester code may be used; wherein, the second threshold is known to both the transmitting and receiving ends, and may be indicated by signaling or determined by a pre-configured method.

[0158] 6) Determined by the type of the first communication node;

[0159] In some embodiments, when the first communication node is a first type of communication node, NRZ-L code can be used; when the first communication node is a second type of communication node, Manchester code can be used; wherein, the device complexity and processing capability of the first type of communication node are weaker than those of the second type of communication node.

[0160] 7) Determined by the number of the first communication nodes accessed in the D2R link.

[0161] In some embodiments, when the D2R link is in single-user transmission, the first communication node may use NRZ-L code; when the D2R link is in multiple access transmission, the first communication node may use Manchester code.

[0162] In other embodiments, NRZ-L codes can be used when the number of first communication nodes accessed in the D2R link does not exceed a third threshold; Manchester codes can be used when the number of first communication nodes accessed in the D2R link exceeds a third threshold. The third threshold is known to both the transmitting and receiving ends and can be indicated by signaling or determined by a pre-configured method.

[0163] In one example, the codeword period of the linear code is indicated by signaling sent by the second communication node and has one of the following characteristics:

[0164] All first communication nodes using linear codes for D2R transmission have the same Tb; for example, the signaling sent by the second communication node to all first communication nodes indicates the same linear code codeword period Tb.

[0165] There exist some linear codes for D2R transmission by the first communication nodes that have different Tb values; for example, the second communication node can send a signaling to indicate that a portion of the linear codes for D2R transmission by the first communication nodes have a codeword period Tb1, and the second communication node sends a signaling to indicate that another portion of the linear codes for D2R transmission by the first communication nodes have a codeword period Tb2, and Tb1 is not equal to Tb2.

[0166] Example 2

[0167] In one embodiment, the method for determining the values ​​of different frequency shift factors used for D2R transmission of the first communication node is explained.

[0168] In D2R link multiple access transmission, various frequency shift factors M can be included. The frequency shift factor M can be any integer greater than 1 and less than (Fm-B)*Tb; where Fm is the system maximum bandwidth, B is the linear code bandwidth, and Tb is the codeword period. The value range of the frequency shift factor can be determined based on the codeword period and / or the corresponding transmission bandwidth, and the maximum number of first communication nodes that can be multiple accessed can be determined based on the codeword period and / or the corresponding transmission bandwidth.

[0169] In some embodiments, the maximum system bandwidth Fm is 1.92MHz, and the value of M is a power of 2, i.e., M = 2. n (where n is an integer ≥ 1).

[0170] 1.1 When the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is NRZ-L code, the linear code bandwidth B = 1 / Tb. The maximum value of M under different codeword periods is shown in Table 1. The number of M is used to characterize the maximum number of first communication nodes that can be reused without collision.

[0171] Table 1. Maximum values ​​of M under different codeword periods

[0172] Furthermore, under different codeword period ranges, the maximum number of reusable first communication nodes without collision is shown in Table 2. Correspondingly, Table 2 also gives the D2R transmission bandwidth corresponding to different codeword periods. That is, Table 2 also shows the maximum number of reusable first communication nodes without collision within different D2R transmission bandwidth ranges.

[0173] Table 2. Maximum number of first communication nodes that can be reused without collision within different codeword period ranges.

[0174] In this context, "[" indicates that lvalues ​​are included, and ")" indicates that rvalues ​​are not included. That is, if Tb is in the range [A, B), it means that A ≤ Tb. <B。

[0175] 1.2 When the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is Manchester code, the linear code bandwidth B = 2 / Tb. The maximum value of M under different codeword periods is shown in Table 3. The number of M represents the maximum number of first communication nodes that can be reused without collision.

[0176] Table 3 Maximum values ​​of M under different codeword periods

[0177] Furthermore, under different codeword period ranges, the maximum number of reusable first communication nodes without collision is shown in Table 4. Correspondingly, Table 4 also gives the D2R transmission bandwidth corresponding to different codeword periods. That is, Table 4 also shows the maximum number of reusable first communication nodes without collision within different D2R transmission bandwidth ranges.

[0178] Table 4. Maximum number of first communication nodes that can be reused without collision within different codeword period ranges.

[0179] In this context, "[" indicates that lvalues ​​are included, and ")" indicates that rvalues ​​are not included. That is, if Tb is in the range [A, B), it means that A ≤ Tb. <B。

[0180] In other embodiments, the system's maximum bandwidth Fm is 3.92MHz, and M is a power of 2, i.e., M = 2. n (integers with n ≥ 1).

[0181] 2.1 When the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is NRZ-L code, the linear code bandwidth B = 1 / Tb. The maximum value of M under different codeword periods is shown in Table 5. The number of M represents the maximum number of first communication nodes that can be reused without collision.

[0182] Table 5. Maximum values ​​of M under different codeword periods

[0183] Furthermore, under different codeword period ranges, the maximum number of reusable first communication nodes without collision is shown in Table 6. Correspondingly, Table 6 also gives the D2R transmission bandwidth corresponding to different codeword periods. That is, Table 6 also shows the maximum number of reusable first communication nodes without collision within different D2R transmission bandwidth ranges.

[0184] Table 6. Maximum number of first communication nodes that can be reused without collision within different codeword period ranges.

[0185] In this context, "[" indicates that lvalues ​​are included, and ")" indicates that rvalues ​​are not included. That is, if Tb is in the range [A, B), it means that A ≤ Tb. <B。

[0186] 2.2 When the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is Manchester code, the linear code bandwidth B = 2 / Tb. The maximum value of M under different codeword periods is shown in Table 7. The number of M represents the maximum number of first communication nodes that can be reused without collision.

[0187] Table 7. Maximum values ​​of M under different codeword periods

[0188] Furthermore, under different codeword period ranges, the maximum number of reusable first communication nodes without collision is shown in Table 8. Correspondingly, Table 8 also gives the D2R transmission bandwidth corresponding to different codeword periods. That is, Table 8 also shows the maximum number of reusable first communication nodes without collision within different D2R transmission bandwidth ranges.

[0189] Table 8 shows the maximum number of first communication nodes that can be reused without collision within different codeword period ranges.

[0190] In this context, "[" indicates that lvalues ​​are included, and ")" indicates that rvalues ​​are not included. That is, if Tb is in the range [A, B), it means that A ≤ Tb. <B。

[0191] The frequency shift factor indicates the order of the square wave, i.e., the number of square waves within a given codeword period. Specifically, M = Tb / (2*Lchip), where Lchip represents the chip length of the square wave, i.e., the duration of the high / low level in the square wave. Thus, the value of M also represents the number of square waves in a codeword. Therefore, the method for determining the value of the frequency shift factor described below is equivalent to the method for determining the order of the square wave.

[0192] The frequency shift factor M for D2R transmission by the first communication node can be determined by one of the following methods:

[0193] 1. The frequency shift factor is indicated by the device identifier of the first communication node;

[0194] For example, the frequency shift factor candidate set includes N frequency shift factors: M1, M2, M3, ..., MN. If the device identifier / identity identifier of the first communication node corresponds to the nth frequency shift factor, then the first communication node determines that the frequency shift factor used is Mn. For example, the device identifier ID of the first communication node can indicate the frequency shift factor in the following way: n = mod(ID, N).

[0195] 2. The frequency shift factor is indicated by signaling sent by the second communication node;

[0196] In some embodiments, the signaling sent by the second communication node directly indicates the specific value of the frequency shift factor. For example, the frequency shift factor candidate set includes N frequency shift factors, M1, M2, M3, ..., MN. If the signaling sent by the second communication node to the first communication node indicates M1, then the first communication node, in response to the received signaling sent by the second communication node, determines that the frequency shift factor used is M1.

[0197] In other embodiments, the signaling sent by the second communication node indicates the range of values ​​for the frequency shift factor, and the first communication node can randomly select a frequency shift factor within the indicated range. For example, the candidate set of frequency shift factors includes N frequency shift factors: M1, M2, M3, ..., MN. If the signaling sent by the second communication node indicates a range of values ​​for the frequency shift factor of {M2, M3, M4}, then the first communication node, in response to the received signaling from the second communication node, randomly selects a value from the specified range {M2, M3, M4} as the frequency shift factor.

[0198] In some other embodiments, the signaling sent by the second communication node indicates a candidate set of frequency shift factors, and the first communication node can randomly select from the indicated candidate set. For example, if the candidate set of frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node includes M1, M2, and M3, then in response to the received signaling sent by the second communication node, if the first communication node randomly selects M1 from M1, M2, and M3, then the first communication node determines that the frequency shift factor used is M1.

[0199] Furthermore, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to different first communication nodes are different; or, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to some of the first communication nodes may be the same.

[0200] 3. The frequency shift factor is randomly selected by the first communication node from the frequency shift factor candidate set. The frequency shift factor candidate set is determined by a pre-configured method and is known to both the transmitting and receiving ends.

[0201] For example, the pre-configured frequency shift factor candidate set includes M1, M2 and M3. If the first communication node randomly selects M1 from M1, M2 and M3, the first communication node determines that the frequency shift factor used is M1.

[0202] 4. The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the codeword period Tb; wherein, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set (assuming the number of elements is N), both candidate sets are known to both the transmitting and receiving ends, and the frequency shift factor for the first communication node to perform D2R transmission is any value in the frequency shift factor candidate set, and the codeword period Tb for the first communication node to perform D2R transmission is any value in the codeword period candidate set.

[0203] In some embodiments, the index of the codeword period of the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set is the same as the index of the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set.

[0204] If the codeword period Tb of the first communication node is the nth element (1≤n≤N) in the codeword period candidate set, then the frequency shift factor indicated by the codeword period Tb is the nth element in the frequency shift factor candidate set, and each element in each frequency shift factor candidate set is a numerical value. This can be understood as the index of the codeword period Tb in the codeword period candidate set and the index of the adopted frequency shift factor in the frequency shift candidate set both being n.

[0205] For example, the codeword period candidate set includes four elements: {16.67us, 33.33us, 66.67us, 133.33us}, and the frequency shift factor candidate set includes four elements: {2, 8, 32, 128}. Therefore, when the codeword period of the linear code used by the first communication node for D2R transmission is 16.67us, it indicates a frequency shift factor of 2; when the codeword period of the linear code used by the first communication node for D2R transmission is 33.33us, it indicates a frequency shift factor of 8; and so on.

[0206] For example, the codeword period candidate set includes six elements: {16.67us, 22.22us, 33.33us, 50us, 66.67us, 133.33us}, and the frequency shift factor candidate set includes six elements: {2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 128}. Therefore, when the codeword period of the first communication node is 22.22us, it indicates that its frequency shift factor is 4; when the codeword period of the first communication node is 66.67us, it indicates that its frequency shift factor is 32; and so on.

[0207] For example, the codeword period candidate set includes seven elements: {22.22us, 26.67us, 33.33us, 44.44us, 50us, 66.67us, 133.33us}, and the frequency shift factor candidate set includes seven elements: {2, 4, 8, 16, 23, 32, 128}. Therefore, when the codeword period of the first communication node is 22.22us, it indicates that its frequency shift factor is 2; when the codeword period of the first communication node is 50us, it indicates that its frequency shift factor is 23; and so on.

[0208] In other embodiments, the index of the codeword period of the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set is the same as the index of the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set; if the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set are a set, then a value is randomly selected from the set or selected according to a preset method as the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node.

[0209] If each element in the codeword period candidate set is a single value, and each element in the frequency shift factor candidate set can be either a single value or a set, then, when the codeword period Tb of the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is the nth element (1≤n≤N) in the codeword period candidate set, if the nth element in the frequency shift factor candidate set is a single value, then the frequency shift factor indicated by the codeword period Tb is the nth element in the frequency shift factor candidate set; if the nth element in the frequency shift factor candidate set is a set, then the frequency shift factor indicated by the codeword period Tb is any value among the nth elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set, which can be randomly selected by the first communication node or selected according to a preset method. This can be understood as the index of the codeword period Tb in the codeword period candidate set and the index of the frequency shift factor used in the frequency shift candidate set both being n.

[0210] For example, the codeword period candidate set includes seven elements: {22.22us, 26.67us, 33.33us, 44.44us, 50us, 66.67us, 133.33us}, and the frequency shift factor candidate set includes seven elements: {2, 4, 8, {16, 20}, {27, 31, 35, 39, 43}, {64, 68, 72, 76, 80, 84, 88, 92, 96}, {198, 202, 206, 210, 214, 218, 222, 226, 230, 234, 238, 242, 246, 250, 254}. The seven elements indicate a frequency shift factor of 2 when the codeword period of the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is 22.22 µs; when the codeword period of the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is 50 µs, the frequency shift factor is any value from the set {27, 31, 35, 39, 43}, or it indicates that the frequency shift factor is selected from the set {27, 31, 35, 39, 43} according to a preset method. The preset method can be the first value in the set, i.e., 27; or the last value, i.e., 43. And so on.

[0211] For example, the codeword period candidate set includes three elements: {4.16µs, 16.67µs, 133.33µs}, and the frequency shift factor candidate set includes three elements: {2, {18, 22, 26}, {230, 234, 238, 242, 246, 250, 254}}. Therefore, when the codeword period of the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is 4.16µs, the corresponding frequency shift factor is 2. When the codeword period of the linear code used is 133.33 μs, it indicates that its frequency shift factor is any value in the set {230, 234, 238, 242, 246, 250, 254}, or that its frequency shift factor is selected from the set {230, 234, 238, 242, 246, 250, 254} according to a preset method. The preset method can be the first value in the set, i.e., 230; or the last value, i.e., 254. And so on.

[0212] In some other embodiments, the sum of the index of the codeword period used by the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set and the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set is equal to the total number of elements plus one; wherein, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set.

[0213] If the codeword period Tb of the linear code used by the first communication node for D2R transmission is the nth element (1≤n≤N) in the codeword period candidate set, then the frequency shift factor indicated by the codeword period Tb is the (N-n+1)th element in the frequency shift factor candidate set (the sum of the index n of the codeword period Tb in the codeword period candidate set and the index N-n+1 of the frequency shift factor in the frequency shift factor candidate set is N+1), and each element in each frequency shift factor candidate set is a numerical value.

[0214] For example, the codeword period set includes eight elements: {16.67us, 22.22us, 26.67us, 33.33us, 44.44us, 50us, 66.67us, 133.33us}, and the frequency shift factor includes eight elements: {2, 4, 8, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18}. If the codeword period of the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is 16.67us, the corresponding frequency shift factor is 18; if the codeword period of the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is 26.67us, the corresponding frequency shift factor is 15; if the codeword period of the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is 66.67us, the corresponding frequency shift factor is 4; and so on.

[0215] In some other embodiments, the sum of the index of the codeword period used by the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set and the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set is equal to the total number of elements plus one; wherein, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set; if the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set form a set, then a value is randomly selected from the set as the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node.

[0216] If each element in the codeword period candidate set is a single value, and each element in the frequency shift factor candidate set can be either a single value or a set, then, when the codeword period Tb of the linear code used for D2R transmission at the first communication node is the nth element (1≤n≤N) in the codeword period candidate set, if the nth element in the frequency shift factor candidate set is a single value, then the frequency shift factor indicated by the codeword period Tb is the (N-n+1)th element in the frequency shift factor candidate set (i.e., the sum of the index n of the codeword period Tb in the codeword period candidate set and the index N-n+1 of the frequency shift factor in the frequency shift factor candidate set is N+1); if the nth element in the frequency shift factor candidate set is a set, then the frequency shift factor indicated by the codeword period Tb is any single value among the (N-n+1)th elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set, which can be randomly selected by the first communication node (i.e., a single value is randomly selected from the set corresponding to the nth element as the frequency shift factor indicated by the codeword period Tb).

[0217] For example, the codeword period includes six elements: {8.33us, 16.67us, 22.22us, 33.33us, 50us, 133.33us}, and the frequency shift factor includes six elements: {{2, 7, 11}, {8, 12}, {13, 17}, {15, 19}, {18, 22}, 14}. Therefore, if the codeword period of the linear code used by the first communication node for D2R transmission is 8.33us, the corresponding frequency shift factor is indicated as 14. If the codeword period of the linear code used by the first communication node for D2R transmission is 133.33us, the corresponding frequency shift factor is indicated as any value in the set {2, 7, 11}, or it indicates that the frequency shift factor is selected from the set {2, 7, 11} according to a preset method. The preset method could be the first value in the set, i.e., 2; or the last value, i.e., 11. And so on.

[0218] Example 3

[0219] In one embodiment, the process of configuring the value of each frequency shift factor included in the frequency shift factor candidate set is described.

[0220] Uplink multiple access transmission includes one or more uplink multiple access transmission frequency shift factor candidate sets (referred to as frequency shift factor candidate sets), wherein each uplink multiple access transmission frequency shift factor candidate set includes one or more uplink multiple access transmission frequency shift factors M (referred to as frequency shift factors M). The frequency shift factor candidate set includes at least one of the following:

[0221] The first frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0222] The second frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0223] The third frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0224] The fourth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0225] The fifth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0226] The sixth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0227] The seventh frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0228] The eighth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0229] The ninth frequency shift factor candidate set includes any n1 elements from the first or second frequency shift factor candidate set, and any n2 elements from any candidate set from the third to the eighth frequency shift factor candidate sets; where n1 + n2 is greater than or equal to 1.

[0230] The tenth frequency shift factor candidate set includes any n1 elements from the third or fourth frequency shift factor candidate set, and any n2 elements from any candidate set in the first, second, or fifth to eighth frequency shift factor candidate sets; where n1 + n2 is greater than or equal to 1.

[0231] The eleventh frequency shift factor candidate set includes any n1 elements from the fifth or sixth frequency shift factor candidate set, and any n2 elements from any candidate set from the first to the fourth, seventh, or eighth frequency shift factor candidate sets, where n1+n2 is greater than or equal to 1.

[0232] The twelfth frequency shift factor candidate set includes any n1 elements from the seventh or eighth frequency shift factor candidate set and any n2 elements from any candidate set from the first to the sixth frequency shift factor candidate sets, where n1+n2 is greater than or equal to 1.

[0233] The thirteenth frequency shift factor candidate set includes at least one element combination of any n3 candidate sets from the first to the eighth frequency shift factor candidate sets, where n3 is greater than or equal to 3;

[0234] The fourteenth frequency shift factor candidate set includes at least one element of the set of non-negative integers.

[0235] In some embodiments, the maximum bandwidth supported by the D2R link is Fm = 1.92MHz. The linear code used for D2R link transmission is Manchester code, and the codeword period Tb = 133.3us. Therefore, the bandwidth of this linear code is B = 15KHz.

[0236] The first frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0237] The second frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0238] The third frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0239] The fourth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0240] The fifth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0241] The sixth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0242] The seventh frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0243] The eighth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values.

[0244] In some embodiments, the maximum bandwidth supported by the D2R link is Fm = 1.92MHz. The linear code encoding method used for D2R link transmission is NRZ-L code, and the codeword period Tb = 133.3us. Therefore, the bandwidth of this linear code is B = 7.5KHz.

[0245] The first frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0246] The second frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0247] The third frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0248] The fourth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0249] The fifth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0250] The sixth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0251] The seventh frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0252] The eighth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values.

[0253] In some embodiments, the maximum bandwidth supported by the D2R link is Fm = 1.92MHz. The linear code encoding method used for D2R link transmission is NRZ-L (or Manchester) code, and the codeword period Tb = 16.67us. Therefore, the bandwidth of this linear code is B = 60KHz (or 120KHz).

[0254] The first frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0255] The second frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0256] The third frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0257] The fourth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0258] The fifth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0259] The sixth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0260] The seventh frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values;

[0261] The eighth frequency shift factor candidate set includes At least one of the following values.

[0262] Example 4

[0263] In one embodiment, the process of determining the pilot symbol is described.

[0264] In D2R link data transmission, pilot symbols are typically transmitted to assist data detection at the receiver. Channel equalization and synchronization of the received data are performed through channel estimation, SFO estimation, TO estimation, and CFO estimation based on pilot symbols. Pilot symbols can be generated based on a synchronization sequence (or pilot sequence), including a preamble, a midamble, and a postamble. The preamble is entirely placed before the data to be transmitted; the midamble can be evenly distributed among the data to be transmitted; and the postamble is entirely placed after the data to be transmitted.

[0265] The pilot symbols are determined by a pilot sequence selected by the first communication node from a set of pilot sequences, wherein the pilot sequence is determined by one of the following methods:

[0266] 1. The pilot sequence is randomly selected by the first communication node from the set of pilot sequences;

[0267] For example, the pilot sequence set includes P1, P2 and P3. If the first communication node randomly selects P1 from them, then the first communication node determines that the pilot sequence used is P1.

[0268] 2. The pilot sequence is indicated by the frequency shift factor of the first communication node.

[0269] In some embodiments, the frequency shift factor candidate set contains N elements, and each element can be a value or a set. The pilot sequence set contains N pilot sequences. If the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node for D2R transmission is equal to the nth element in the frequency shift factor candidate set, or if the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node for D2R transmission is any value in the nth element in the frequency shift factor candidate set, then the pilot sequence indicated by the frequency shift factor of the first communication node is the nth sequence in the pilot sequence set. For example, the frequency shift factor candidate set includes four elements: {M1, M2, {M31, M32, M33}, M4}, and the pilot sequence combination includes four sequences: {P1, P2, P3, P4}. Then, when the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node for D2R transmission is M1, the pilot sequence indicated by it for the first communication node for D2R transmission is P1; when the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node for D2R transmission is M32, the pilot sequence indicated by it for the first communication node for D2R transmission is P3, and so on.

[0270] 3. The pilot sequence is a signaling indication sent by the second communication node.

[0271] In some embodiments, both the transmitting and receiving ends are aware of the pilot sequence set, and the signaling sent by the second communication node directly indicates the pilot sequence. In this case, the first communication node responds to the signaling sent by the second communication node. For example, the pilot sequence set includes P1, P2, and P3. If the signaling sent by the second communication node indicates P1, the first communication node determines that the pilot sequence used is P1.

[0272] In other embodiments, both the transmitting and receiving ends are aware of the pilot sequence set, and the signaling sent by the second communication node indicates the selection range of the pilot sequence. In response to the signaling sent by the second communication node, the first communication node randomly selects a pilot sequence from the indicated range. For example, the pilot sequence set includes P1, P2, and P3. If the signaling sent by the second communication node indicates that the selection range of the pilot sequence is P1 and P2, the first communication node randomly selects a pilot sequence within this range.

[0273] In some other embodiments, the signaling sent by the second communication node indicates a set of pilot sequences, and the first communication node randomly selects a pilot sequence from that set. For example, the signaling sent by the second communication node indicates the length and type of the pilot sequence, and the first communication node randomly selects a pilot sequence from a set of pilot sequences of that length and type.

[0274] 4. The pilot sequence is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the D2R link.

[0275] In some embodiments, when the D2R link is in single-user transmission, the pilot sequence is a first pilot sequence; when the D2R link is in multiple access transmission, the pilot sequence is a second pilot sequence, which can be randomly selected from the set of pilot sequences.

[0276] In other embodiments, when the number of first communication nodes accessing the D2R link does not exceed a fourth threshold, the pilot sequence can be determined from a first type of pilot sequence set; when the number of first communication nodes accessing the D2R link exceeds the fourth threshold, the pilot sequence can be determined from a second type of pilot sequence set. The fourth threshold is known jointly by both the transmitting and receiving ends and can be indicated by signaling or determined by a pre-configured method. The first type of pilot sequence set and the second type of pilot sequence set have different characteristics (e.g., the length and / or type of the pilot sequences they contain are different).

[0277] Different sets of pilot sequences have different characteristics, including at least one of the following:

[0278] The lengths of the pilot sequences in different sets of pilot sequences are different;

[0279] Different sets of pilot sequences contain pilot sequences of different types;

[0280] Furthermore, the pilot sequence can be of at least one of the following types: Hadamard sequence; sparse sequence; golay sequence; m sequence; Gold sequence.

[0281] The set of pilot sequences includes one or more pilot sequences. In one example, the set of pilot sequences contains only one pilot sequence. In another example, the set of pilot sequences contains more than one pilot sequence.

[0282] Furthermore, the set of pilot sequences is known jointly by both the transmitting and receiving ends and can be determined by at least one of the following methods:

[0283] 1. Determined by pre-configuration method;

[0284] 2. Signaling indication sent by the second communication node; the signaling can indicate the length and type of the pilot sequence in the pilot sequence set;

[0285] 3. Determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the D2R link;

[0286] In some embodiments, when the D2R link is in single-user transmission, the pilot sequences in the pilot sequence set have a first length; when the D2R link is in multiple access transmission, the pilot sequences in the pilot sequence set have a second length. The first length is less than the second length.

[0287] In other embodiments, when the D2R link is in single-user transmission, the pilot sequence set can be a third type of pilot sequence set; when the D2R link is in multiple access transmission, the pilot sequences in the pilot sequence set can be a fourth type of pilot sequence set. The third type of pilot sequence set and the fourth type of pilot sequence set have different characteristics (e.g., the length and / or type of the included pilot sequences are different).

[0288] In some other embodiments, when the number of first communication nodes accessed in the D2R link does not exceed a fifth threshold, the pilot sequence set can be a fifth type of pilot sequence set; when the number of first communication nodes accessed in the D2R link exceeds the fifth threshold, the pilot sequence set can be a sixth type of pilot sequence set. The fifth threshold is known jointly by both the transmitting and receiving ends and can be indicated by signaling or determined by a pre-configured method. The fifth type of pilot sequence set and the sixth type of pilot sequence set have different characteristics (e.g., the length and / or type of the included pilot sequences are different).

[0289] 4. Determined by the type of the first communication node.

[0290] In some embodiments, when the first communication node is a first type of communication node, the pilot sequences in the pilot sequence set have a first length; when the first communication node is a second type of communication node, the pilot sequences in the pilot sequence set have a second length. The first length is less than the second length.

[0291] In some embodiments, when the first communication node is a first type of communication node, the pilot sequence set may be a seventh type of pilot sequence set; when the first communication node is a second type of communication node, the pilot sequence set may be an eighth type of pilot sequence set. The seventh type of pilot sequence set and the eighth type of pilot sequence set have different characteristics (e.g., they contain pilot sequences of different lengths and / or types).

[0292] In one embodiment, FIG3 is a structural block diagram of a data transmission device provided in this application. This embodiment is applied to a first communication node. As shown in FIG3, the data transmission device in this embodiment includes: an encoding module 310, a processing module 320, and a sending module 330.

[0293] Encoding module 310 is configured to perform checksum appending and encoding operations on the data to be sent to obtain a codeword sequence;

[0294] The processing module 320 is configured to generate a square wave of the order corresponding to the frequency shift factor, and process the codeword sequence based on the square wave to obtain the data symbol to be transmitted;

[0295] The transmitting module 330 is configured to send a symbol to be transmitted, carrying pilot symbols and data symbols to be transmitted, to the second communication node.

[0296] In one embodiment, the encoding module includes:

[0297] The first coding unit is configured to perform cyclic redundancy check appending and forward error correction coding on the data to be transmitted to obtain a coded bit sequence.

[0298] The second coding unit is configured to perform linear code encoding on the coded bit sequence to obtain a codeword sequence, or to perform linear code encoding and modulation on the coded bit sequence to obtain a codeword sequence.

[0299] In one embodiment, the codeword period of the linear code is indicated by signaling sent by the second communication node.

[0300] In one embodiment, for multiple access transmission of a communication link, the codeword period of different first communication nodes includes one of the following characteristics:

[0301] The linear codes of each first communication node have the same codeword period;

[0302] Some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes have the same codeword period, while others have different codeword periods.

[0303] Each first communication node has a linear code with a different codeword period.

[0304] In one embodiment, for multiple access transmission of a communication link, the linear code of different first communication nodes includes one of the following features:

[0305] The linear code of each first communication node is the same;

[0306] The linear codes of some first communication nodes are the same, while the linear codes of some first communication nodes are different;

[0307] The linear code of each of the first communication nodes is different.

[0308] In one embodiment, the linear code is determined by one of the following:

[0309] Signaling instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0310] The configuration method is determined by a pre-configuration method, which is negotiated and determined by the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0311] Determined by the codeword period of the first communication node;

[0312] Determined by the transmission bandwidth of the first communication node;

[0313] Determined by the pilot sequence selected by the first communication node;

[0314] Determined by the type of the first communication node;

[0315] It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

[0316] In one embodiment, the value of the frequency shift factor is determined by the chip length of the square wave and the codeword period of the linear code.

[0317] In one embodiment, the frequency shift factor is determined by one of the following methods:

[0318] The frequency shift factor is randomly selected by the first communication node from the frequency shift factor candidate set;

[0319] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the device identifier of the first communication node;

[0320] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the signaling sent by the second communication node;

[0321] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the codeword period; wherein the frequency shift factor candidate set is determined by negotiation between the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0322] In one embodiment, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to different first communication nodes are different; or, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to some of the first communication nodes are the same.

[0323] In one embodiment, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set.

[0324] In one embodiment, the index of the codeword period of the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set is the same as the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set.

[0325] In one embodiment, if the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set are a set, then a value is randomly selected from the set or selected according to a preset method as the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node.

[0326] In one embodiment, the sum of the index of the codeword period used by the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set and the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set is equal to the total number of elements plus one; wherein, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set.

[0327] In one embodiment, if the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set are a set, then a value is randomly selected from the set or selected according to a preset method as the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node.

[0328] In one embodiment, the values ​​of the elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set are determined by at least one of the following parameters: codeword period; linear coding bandwidth; maximum supported bandwidth.

[0329] In one embodiment, the range of values ​​for the frequency shift factor and the maximum number of first communication nodes that can be accessed by multiple access are determined based on the codeword period and / or the corresponding transmission bandwidth.

[0330] In one embodiment, the codeword sequence is processed based on a square wave to obtain a frequency-shifted symbol, including one of the following:

[0331] The frequency-shifted symbol is obtained by XORing the codeword sequence with the square wave.

[0332] The frequency-shifted symbol is obtained by performing an XOR operation between the codeword sequence and the square wave.

[0333] The frequency-shifted symbol is obtained by multiplying the codeword sequence with the square wave.

[0334] In one embodiment, the pilot symbols include at least one of a preamble symbol, a middle guide symbol, and a tail guide symbol.

[0335] In one embodiment, the pilot symbol is determined by a pilot sequence selected by the first communication node from a set of pilot sequences;

[0336] The pilot sequence is determined by one of the following methods:

[0337] The pilot sequence is randomly selected by the first communication node from the set of pilot sequences;

[0338] The pilot sequence is indicated by the frequency shift factor of the first communication node;

[0339] The pilot sequence is indicated by instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0340] The pilot sequence is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

[0341] In one embodiment, the set of pilot sequences is determined through negotiation between the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0342] In one embodiment, the pilot sequence set includes at least one of the following characteristics: the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets have different lengths; the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets have different types. The number of pilot sequences included in the pilot sequence set is one or more.

[0343] In one embodiment, the set of pilot sequences is determined by at least one of the following methods:

[0344] Determined by the pre-configured method;

[0345] Signaling instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0346] It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link;

[0347] It is determined by the type of the first communication node.

[0348] The data transmission device provided in this embodiment is configured to implement the data transmission method applied to the first communication node in the embodiment shown in FIG1. ​​The implementation principle and technical effect of the data transmission device provided in this embodiment are similar, and will not be described again here.

[0349] In one embodiment, FIG4 is a structural block diagram of another data transmission device provided in this application. This embodiment is applied to a second communication node. As shown in FIG4, the data transmission device in this embodiment includes: a receiving module 410, a filtering module 420, and a detection module 430.

[0350] The receiving module 410 is configured to receive a transmittable symbol carrying pilot symbols and transmittable data symbols sent by the first communication node;

[0351] The filtering module 420 is configured to determine the filtering frequency band based on the frequency shift factor and the code word period, and to filter the data symbols to be transmitted based on the filtering frequency band to obtain the code word sequence;

[0352] The detection module 430 is configured to perform a detection operation on the codeword sequence and recover the data to be sent.

[0353] In one embodiment, the detection module includes:

[0354] The first decoding unit is configured to perform linear code decoding on the codeword sequence to obtain an encoded bit sequence, or to demodulate and perform linear code decoding on the codeword sequence to obtain an encoded bit sequence.

[0355] The second decoding unit is configured to perform forward error correction decoding and cyclic redundancy check removal on the encoded bit sequence to obtain the data to be transmitted.

[0356] In one embodiment, the codeword period of the linear code is configured by the second communication node.

[0357] In one embodiment, for multiple access transmission of a communication link, the codeword period of different first communication nodes includes one of the following characteristics:

[0358] The linear codes of each first communication node have the same codeword period;

[0359] Some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes have the same codeword period, while others have different codeword periods.

[0360] Each first communication node has a linear code with a different codeword period.

[0361] In one embodiment, for multiple access transmission of a communication link, the linear code of different first communication nodes includes one of the following features:

[0362] The linear code of each first communication node is the same;

[0363] The linear codes of some first communication nodes are the same, while the linear codes of some first communication nodes are different;

[0364] The linear code of each of the first communication nodes is different.

[0365] In one embodiment, the linear code is determined by one of the following:

[0366] The configuration method is determined by a pre-configuration method, which is negotiated and determined by the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0367] Determined by the codeword period of the first communication node;

[0368] Determined by the transmission bandwidth of the first communication node;

[0369] Determined by the pilot sequence selected by the first communication node;

[0370] Determined by the type of the first communication node;

[0371] It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

[0372] In one embodiment, the value of the frequency shift factor is determined by the chip length of the square wave and the codeword period of the linear code.

[0373] In one embodiment, the frequency shift factor is determined by one of the following methods:

[0374] The frequency shift factor is randomly selected by the first communication node from the frequency shift factor candidate set;

[0375] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the device identifier of the first communication node;

[0376] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the signaling sent by the second communication node;

[0377] The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the codeword period; wherein the frequency shift factor candidate set is determined by negotiation between the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0378] In one embodiment, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to different first communication nodes are different; or, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to some of the first communication nodes are the same.

[0379] In one embodiment, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set; wherein, the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node is any value in the frequency shift factor candidate set, and the codeword period used by the first communication node is any value in the codeword period candidate set.

[0380] In one embodiment, the index of the codeword period of the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set is the same as the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set.

[0381] In one embodiment, if the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set are a set, then a value is randomly selected from the set or selected according to a preset method as the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node.

[0382] In one embodiment, the sum of the index of the codeword period used by the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set and the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set is equal to the total number of elements plus one; wherein, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set.

[0383] In one embodiment, if the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set are a set, then a value is randomly selected from the set or selected according to a preset method as the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node.

[0384] In one embodiment, the values ​​of the elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set are determined by at least one of the following parameters: codeword period; linear coding bandwidth; maximum supported bandwidth.

[0385] In one embodiment, the range of values ​​for the frequency shift factor and the maximum number of first communication nodes that can be accessed by multiple access are determined based on the codeword period and / or the corresponding transmission bandwidth.

[0386] In one embodiment, the pilot symbols include at least one of a preamble symbol, a middle guide symbol, and a tail guide symbol.

[0387] In one embodiment, the pilot symbol is determined by a pilot sequence selected by the first communication node from a set of pilot sequences;

[0388] The pilot sequence is determined by one of the following methods:

[0389] The pilot sequence is randomly selected by the first communication node from the set of pilot sequences;

[0390] The pilot sequence is indicated by the frequency shift factor of the first communication node;

[0391] The pilot sequence is indicated by instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0392] The pilot sequence is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

[0393] In one embodiment, the set of pilot sequences is determined through negotiation between the first communication node and the second communication node.

[0394] In one embodiment, the pilot sequence set includes at least one of the following characteristics: the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets have different lengths; the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets have different types. The number of pilot sequences included in the pilot sequence set is one or more.

[0395] In one embodiment, the set of pilot sequences is determined by at least one of the following methods:

[0396] Determined by the pre-configured method;

[0397] Signaling instructions sent by the second communication node;

[0398] It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link;

[0399] It is determined by the type of the first communication node.

[0400] The data transmission device provided in this embodiment is configured to implement the data transmission method applied to the second communication node in the embodiment shown in Figure 2. The implementation principle and technical effect of the data transmission device provided in this embodiment are similar, and will not be described again here.

[0401] In one embodiment, FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in this application. As shown in FIG5, the device provided in this application includes: a processor 510, a memory 520, and a communication module 530. The number of processors 510 in the device can be one or more; FIG5 shows one processor 510 as an example. The number of memories 520 in the device can be one or more; FIG5 shows one memory 520 as an example. The processor 510, memory 520, and communication module 530 of the device can be connected via a bus or other means; FIG5 shows a connection via a bus as an example. In this embodiment, the device can be a first communication node or a second communication node.

[0402] The memory 520, as a computer-readable storage medium, can be configured to store software programs, computer-executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions / modules corresponding to the device in any embodiment of this application (e.g., encoding module 310, processing module 320, and transmitting module 330 applied in a data transmission device for a first communication node, or receiving module 410, filtering module 420, and detection module 430 applied in a data transmission device for a second communication node). The memory 520 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system and an application program required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the device, etc. Furthermore, the memory 520 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some instances, the memory 520 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 510, and these remote memories can be connected to the device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0403] When the communication device is the first communication node, the device provided above can be configured to execute the data transmission method applied to the first communication node provided in any of the above embodiments, and has the corresponding functions and effects.

[0404] When the communication device is a second communication node, the device provided above can be configured to execute the data transmission method for the second communication node provided in any of the above embodiments, and has the corresponding functions and effects.

[0405] This application also provides a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions. When executed by a computer processor, the computer-executable instructions are used to perform a data transmission method applied to a first communication node. The method includes: performing checksum appending and encoding operations on the data to be transmitted to obtain a codeword sequence; generating a square wave of an order corresponding to a frequency shift factor; processing the codeword sequence based on the square wave to obtain a data symbol to be transmitted; and sending the data symbol to be transmitted, carrying pilot symbols and the data symbol to be transmitted, to a second communication node.

[0406] This application also provides a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions. When executed by a computer processor, the computer-executable instructions are used to execute a data transmission method applied to a second communication node. The method includes: receiving a symbol to be transmitted carrying pilot symbols and data symbols to be transmitted sent by a first communication node; determining a filtering frequency band based on a frequency shift factor and a codeword period, and filtering the data symbols to be transmitted based on the filtering frequency band to obtain a codeword sequence; and performing a detection operation on the codeword sequence to recover the data to be transmitted.

[0407] Those skilled in the art will understand that the term user equipment covers any suitable type of wireless user equipment, such as mobile phones, portable data processing devices, portable web browsers, or vehicle-mounted mobile stations.

[0408] Generally, the various embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuitry, software, logic, or any combination thereof. For example, some aspects can be implemented in hardware, while others can be implemented in firmware or software that can be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device, although this application is not limited thereto.

[0409] Embodiments of this application can be implemented by executing computer program instructions through the data processor of a mobile device, for example, in a processor entity, or through hardware, or through a combination of software and hardware. The computer program instructions can be assembly instructions, Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages.

[0410] Any block diagram of logical flow in the accompanying drawings of this application may represent program steps, or may represent interconnected logic circuits, modules, and functions, or may represent a combination of program steps and logic circuits, modules, and functions. The computer program may be stored on memory. Memory may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as, but not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), optical storage devices and systems (Digital Video Disc (DVD) or Compact Disk (CD)), etc. Computer-readable media may include non-transitory storage media. The data processor may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment, such as, but not limited to, general-purpose computers, special-purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and processors based on multi-core processor architectures.

[0411] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, can implement the data transmission method provided in any embodiment of this application.

[0412] In the implementation of the computer program product, computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof. Programming languages ​​include object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any type of network—including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0413] The above are merely optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, applied to a first communication node, comprising: Perform checksum appending and encoding operations on the data to be sent to obtain a codeword sequence; A square wave of the order corresponding to the frequency shift factor is generated, and the codeword sequence is processed based on the square wave to obtain the data symbol to be transmitted; The transmit symbol, carrying the pilot symbol and the data symbol to be transmitted, is sent to the second communication node.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The process of performing checksum appending and encoding operations on the data to be transmitted to obtain a codeword sequence includes: The data to be transmitted is subjected to cyclic redundancy check appending and forward error correction coding to obtain the encoded bit sequence; The encoded bit sequence is linearly encoded to obtain a codeword sequence, or the encoded bit sequence is linearly encoded and modulated to obtain a codeword sequence.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The codeword period of the linear code is indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, For multiple access transmission in a communication link, the codeword period of different first communication nodes includes one of the following characteristics: The linear codes of each of the first communication nodes have the same codeword period; Some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes have the same codeword period, while some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes have different codeword periods. Each of the first communication nodes has a different codeword period for its linear code.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein, For multiple access transmission in a communication link, the linear code of different first communication nodes includes one of the following characteristics: The linear code of each of the first communication nodes is the same; Some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes are the same, while some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes are different; The linear code of each of the first communication nodes is different.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The linear code is determined by one of the following: Signaling indication sent by the second communication node; The configuration is determined by a pre-configuration method, which is negotiated and determined by the first communication node and the second communication node. Determined by the codeword period of the first communication node; Determined by the transmission bandwidth of the first communication node; Determined by the pilot sequence selected by the first communication node; Determined by the type of the first communication node; It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The value of the frequency shift factor is determined by the chip length of the square wave and the codeword period of the linear code.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The frequency shift factor is determined by one of the following methods: The frequency shift factor is randomly selected by the first communication node from the frequency shift factor candidate set; The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the device identifier of the first communication node; The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the signaling sent by the second communication node; The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the codeword period; wherein the frequency shift factor candidate set is determined by negotiation between the first communication node and the second communication node.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to different first communication nodes are different; or, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to some of the first communication nodes are the same.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set.

11. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The index of the codeword period of the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set is the same as the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set.

12. The method according to claim 8, wherein, In response to the fact that the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set form a set, a value is randomly selected from the set or selected in a preset manner as the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node.

13. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The sum of the index of the codeword period used by the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set and the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set is equal to the total number of elements plus one; wherein, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set.

14. The method according to claim 8, wherein, In response to the fact that the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set form a set, a value is randomly selected from the set or selected in a preset manner as the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node.

15. The method according to any one of claims 8-14, wherein, The values ​​of the elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set are determined by at least one of the following parameters: codeword period; linear coding bandwidth; maximum supported bandwidth.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, The range of values ​​for the frequency shift factor and the maximum number of first communication nodes for multiple access are determined based on the codeword period and / or the corresponding transmission bandwidth.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The process of processing the codeword sequence based on the square wave to obtain the frequency-shifted symbol includes one of the following: The codeword sequence and the square wave are XORed to obtain the frequency shift symbol; The codeword sequence and the square wave are subjected to an XOR operation to obtain the frequency shift symbol; The codeword sequence and the square wave are multiplied to obtain the frequency shift symbol.

18. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The pilot symbols include at least one of the following: a preamble symbol, a middle guide symbol, and a tail guide symbol.

19. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The pilot symbols are determined by the pilot sequences selected by the first communication node from the set of pilot sequences; The pilot sequence is determined by one of the following methods: The pilot sequence is randomly selected by the first communication node from the set of pilot sequences; The pilot sequence is indicated by the frequency shift factor of the first communication node; The pilot sequence is indicated by an instruction sent by the second communication node; The pilot sequence is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The pilot sequence set includes at least one of the following characteristics: the length of the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets is different; the type of the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets is different; wherein, the number of pilot sequences included in the pilot sequence set is one or more.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, wherein, The set of pilot sequences is determined by at least one of the following methods: Determined by the pre-configured method; Signaling indication sent by the second communication node; It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link; It is determined by the type of the first communication node.

22. A data transmission method, applied to a second communication node, comprising: Receive the transmittable symbol carrying pilot symbols and transmittable data symbols sent by the first communication node; The filtering frequency band is determined based on the frequency shift factor and the codeword period, and the data symbols to be transmitted are filtered based on the filtering frequency band to obtain the codeword sequence; The codeword sequence is detected to recover the data to be sent.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein, The step of detecting the codeword sequence to recover the data to be sent includes: The codeword sequence is linearly decoded to obtain an encoded bit sequence; or the codeword sequence is demodulated and linearly decoded to obtain an encoded bit sequence. The encoded bit sequence is subjected to forward error correction decoding and cyclic redundancy check removal to obtain the data to be transmitted.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein, The codeword period of the linear code is configured by the second communication node.

25. The method according to claim 22, wherein, For multiple access transmission in a communication link, the codeword period of different first communication nodes includes one of the following characteristics: The linear codes of each of the first communication nodes have the same codeword period; Some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes have the same codeword period, while some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes have different codeword periods. Each of the first communication nodes has a different codeword period for its linear code.

26. The method according to claim 23, wherein, For multiple access transmission in a communication link, the linear code of different first communication nodes includes one of the following characteristics: The linear code of each of the first communication nodes is the same; Some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes are the same, while some of the linear codes of the first communication nodes are different; The linear code of each of the first communication nodes is different.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein, The linear code is determined by one of the following: The configuration is determined by a pre-configuration method, which is negotiated and determined by the first communication node and the second communication node. Determined by the codeword period of the first communication node; Determined by the transmission bandwidth of the first communication node; Determined by the pilot sequence selected by the first communication node; Determined by the type of the first communication node; It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

28. The method according to claim 22, wherein, The value of the frequency shift factor is determined by the chip length of the square wave and the codeword period of the linear code.

29. The method according to claim 22, wherein, The frequency shift factor is determined by one of the following methods: The frequency shift factor is randomly selected by the first communication node from the frequency shift factor candidate set; The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the device identifier of the first communication node; The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the signaling sent by the second communication node; The frequency shift factor is indicated in the frequency shift factor candidate set based on the codeword period; wherein the frequency shift factor candidate set is determined by negotiation between the first communication node and the second communication node.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein, The frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to different first communication nodes are different; or, the frequency shift factors indicated by the signaling sent by the second communication node to some of the first communication nodes are the same.

31. The method according to claim 29, wherein, The total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set.

32. The method according to claim 29, wherein, The index of the codeword period of the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set is the same as the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set.

33. The method according to claim 29, wherein, In response to the fact that the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set form a set, a value is randomly selected from the set or selected in a preset manner as the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node.

34. The method according to claim 29, wherein, The sum of the index of the codeword period used by the first communication node in the codeword period candidate set and the index of the frequency shift factor used by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set is equal to the total number of elements plus one; wherein, the total number of elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set is the same as the total number of elements in the codeword period candidate set.

35. The method according to claim 29, wherein, In response to the fact that the elements associated with the index of the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node in the frequency shift factor candidate set form a set, a value is randomly selected from the set or selected in a preset manner as the frequency shift factor adopted by the first communication node.

36. The method according to any one of claims 29-35, wherein, The values ​​of the elements in the frequency shift factor candidate set are determined by at least one of the following parameters: codeword period; linear coding bandwidth; maximum supported bandwidth.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein, The range of values ​​for the frequency shift factor and the maximum number of first communication nodes for multiple access are determined based on the codeword period and / or the corresponding transmission bandwidth.

38. The method according to claim 22, wherein, The pilot symbols include at least one of the following: a preamble symbol, a middle guide symbol, and a tail guide symbol.

39. The method according to claim 22, wherein, The pilot symbols are determined by the pilot sequences selected by the first communication node from the set of pilot sequences; The pilot sequence is determined by one of the following methods: The pilot sequence is randomly selected by the first communication node from the set of pilot sequences; The pilot sequence is indicated by the frequency shift factor of the first communication node; The pilot sequence is indicated by an instruction sent by the second communication node; The pilot sequence is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link.

40. The method according to claim 39, wherein, The pilot sequence set includes at least one of the following characteristics: the length of the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets is different; the type of the pilot sequences in different pilot sequence sets is different; wherein, the number of pilot sequences included in the pilot sequence set is one or more.

41. The method according to claim 39 or 40, wherein, The set of pilot sequences is determined by at least one of the following methods: Determined by the pre-configured method; Signaling indication sent by the second communication node; It is determined by the number of the first communication nodes connected in the communication link; It is determined by the type of the first communication node.

42. A communication device, comprising: Memory, and one or more processors; The memory is configured to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-21 or 22-41.

43. A storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-21 or 22-41.

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