Speaker module, headrest, seat, cabin and vehicle

Abstract

The present application provides a speaker module, a headrest, a seat, a cabin, and a vehicle. The speaker module comprises a housing, a first speaker, a second speaker, and a first acoustic resistance member, wherein the housing encloses an accommodating space, and the housing is provided with a first sound output hole, a second sound output hole and a third sound output hole spaced apart from each other; the first speaker encloses a first space and is provided with a communication hole which is in communication with the first space; the second speaker encloses a second space, the second space being a closed space; the second speaker is arranged in parallel with the first speaker; and the first acoustic resistance member is arranged in the third sound output hole. The speaker module provided in the present application achieves directional sound emission in the mid- and low-frequency range by means of the first speaker cooperating with the first acoustic resistance member, achieves directional sound emission in the high-frequency range by means of the closed design of a rear cavity of the second speaker, and achieves directional sound emission over the full frequency range by means of the first speaker being arranged in parallel with the second speaker, thereby improving the good acoustic directivity over the full frequency range.

Description

Speaker modules, headrests, seats, cabins and vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411573393.5, filed on November 5, 2024, entitled "Speaker Module, Headrest, Seat, Cockpit and Vehicle", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the audio field, specifically to a speaker module, headrest, seat, cockpit, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of automotive cabin audio, privacy features, independent sound zones, and personal entertainment systems have become the main demands of consumers for in-car audio systems. The realization of these features all rely on highly directional speaker systems.

[0004] The current industry's main solution is to place speakers close to the head inside the seat headrest. By utilizing the attenuation of sound pressure with distance and the physical obstruction of the headrest itself, the seated passenger can obtain a sufficiently high sound pressure level while minimizing interference to passengers in other positions.

[0005] However, the current solution has poor speaker directivity, making it difficult to provide good sound wave directionality and easily causing interference to passengers in other positions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a speaker module, headrest, seat, cabin, and vehicle. The speaker module includes a housing, a first speaker, a second speaker, and a first acoustic resistor. It can achieve directional sound in the mid-to-low frequency range through the first speaker and the first acoustic resistor, and achieve directional sound in the high frequency range through the closed rear cavity design of the second speaker. Furthermore, by connecting the first speaker and the second speaker in parallel, it can achieve directional sound across the entire frequency range, thereby improving the directivity of sound waves across the entire frequency range.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a loudspeaker module. The loudspeaker module includes a housing, a first loudspeaker, a second loudspeaker, and a first acoustic resistor; the housing encloses a receiving space, and the housing is provided with a first sound outlet, a second sound outlet, and a third sound outlet spaced apart, all of which communicate with the receiving space. The first and second sound outlets face the same side, while the third sound outlet faces a different side from the first sound outlet; the first loudspeaker includes a first frame and a first diaphragm, the first diaphragm is mounted on the first frame, and the first diaphragm includes a first surface and a second surface, the second surface and the first frame enclosing a first space, the first frame being provided with a communicating hole communicating with the first space; the first loudspeaker... A loudspeaker is located within a housing space and mounted on a housing, with its first surface facing a first sound outlet and separating the first sound outlet from the housing space; a connecting hole connects the housing space. A second loudspeaker includes a second frame and a second diaphragm, the second diaphragm being mounted on the second frame. The second diaphragm includes a third surface and a fourth surface, the fourth surface and the second frame enclosing a second space, which is a closed space. The second loudspeaker is located within the housing space and mounted on a housing, with its third surface facing a second sound outlet and separating the second sound outlet from the housing space. The second loudspeaker is connected in parallel with the first loudspeaker. A first acoustic resistor is located at the third sound outlet and covers the third sound outlet.

[0008] In this application, two speakers are connected in parallel. One speaker is used for mid-to-low frequency sound output, and the directional sound output in the mid-to-low frequency range is achieved by using a rear cavity opening and acoustic damping material. The other speaker is used for high frequency sound output, and the rear cavity is sealed to prevent sound leakage from the rear side. Thus, the speaker module achieves directional sound output across the entire frequency range.

[0009] In this application, through the above design, the first speaker emits sound not only through the first sound outlet towards the side of the first radiating surface facing away from the second radiating surface, but also through the connecting hole and the third sound outlet towards the side of the second radiating surface facing away from the first radiating surface. The second speaker, however, emits sound only through the second sound outlet towards the side of the first radiating surface facing away from the second radiating surface. Therefore, by designing the first speaker to emit mid-to-low frequencies, the directivity of the first speaker's sound emission towards the side of the first radiating surface facing away from the second radiating surface can be improved in conjunction with the first acoustic resistor, thus achieving directivity of the speaker module in mid-to-low frequencies. By using the second speaker to emit high frequencies, the directivity of the speaker module in high frequencies can be achieved, thereby enabling the speaker module to achieve directivity in both mid-to-low and high frequencies, improving the directivity of the speaker module across the entire frequency range.

[0010] In this application, the housing can be used to enclose the first speaker and the second speaker, thereby protecting the first speaker and the second speaker.

[0011] In this application, the first space is the rear cavity of the first speaker, and the first surface is the sound-emitting surface of the first speaker. By providing a connecting hole, the first speaker emits sound after the first diaphragm vibrates. Part of the sound is emitted from the front through the first surface, and the other part is emitted from the rear through the connecting hole. The second space is the rear cavity of the second speaker, and the third surface is the sound-emitting surface of the second speaker. By enclosing the second space, the second speaker emits sound from the rear through the second diaphragm, and the sound is emitted from the front only through the third surface.

[0012] In this application, the installation of the first speaker separates the first sound outlet from the receiving space, and the installation of the second speaker separates the second sound outlet from the receiving space. The speaker's own structure achieves the separation between the sound outlet of the first radiating surface and the receiving space, which simplifies the structure and prevents sound leakage from the first speaker to the receiving space when it emits sound through the first sound outlet, and prevents sound leakage from the second speaker to the receiving space when it emits sound through the second sound outlet, which helps to improve the stability of the speaker module's sound output.

[0013] The first loudspeaker may have a first operating frequency band, and the second loudspeaker may have a second operating frequency band. The overall frequency of the second operating frequency band is greater than the overall frequency of the first operating frequency band.

[0014] In this implementation, by designing the first loudspeaker's first operating frequency band to have a relatively low overall frequency, mid-to-low frequency sound output is achieved. This allows the sound emitted by the first loudspeaker through the first sound hole and directed to the side of the second radiating surface opposite to the first radiating surface to at least partially cancel out the sound emitted by the first loudspeaker through the third sound hole. This weakens or even eliminates the sound field of the first loudspeaker on the side of the second radiating surface opposite to the first radiating surface, improving the directivity of the sound emitted by the first loudspeaker on that side. By designing the second loudspeaker's second operating frequency band to have a relatively high overall frequency, high frequency sound output is achieved. This allows the sound emitted by the second loudspeaker through the second sound hole to have good directivity, meaning it can emit sound towards the side of the first radiating surface opposite to the second radiating surface with good directivity. Therefore, through the cooperation of the first and second loudspeakers, the loudspeaker module can achieve good directivity in both mid-to-low and high frequencies.

[0015] The division point between the first and second operating frequency bands can be in the range of 500Hz to 4kHz. For example, the value of f1 can be, but is not limited to, 500Hz, 600Hz, 700Hz, 1kHz, 1100Hz, 1300Hz, 1500Hz, 1700Hz, 2400Hz, 2700Hz, 3300Hz, 3500Hz, 3700Hz, 3800Hz, 3900Hz, 4kHz, or other values ​​between 500Hz and 4kHz.

[0016] In this implementation, by setting the crossover point to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial for the first speaker to achieve directional sound output towards the side of the first radiating surface away from the second radiating surface in the first operating frequency band. Furthermore, it avoids the first speaker's output frequency being too high, which could cause the second radiating surface to output sound away from the first radiating surface, thus preventing directional degradation. In addition, it is beneficial for the second speaker to have strong directional sound output in the second operating frequency band, enabling it to work in conjunction with the first speaker to achieve directional sound output from the speaker module across the entire frequency range.

[0017] The division point between the first and second operating frequency bands can be in the range of 1kHz to 2kHz. For example, the value of f1 can be, but is not limited to, 1kHz, or 1100Hz, or 1200Hz, or 1300Hz, or 1400Hz, or 1500Hz, or 1600Hz, or 1700Hz, or 1800Hz, or 1900Hz, or 2kHz, or other values ​​between 1kHz and 2kHz.

[0018] In this implementation, by setting the crossover point to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial to more accurately distinguish between the mid-low frequency band and the high frequency band. This makes the first operating frequency band closer to the mid-low frequency band and the second operating frequency band closer to the high frequency band. This allows the first speaker to achieve directional sound output towards the side of the first radiating surface away from the second radiating surface in the first operating frequency band, and avoids the second radiating surface from outputting sound away from the first radiating surface due to excessively high frequency, thus preventing deterioration of directional sound. Furthermore, it allows the second speaker to have strong directional sound output in the second operating frequency band, enabling it to work with the first speaker to achieve directional sound output from the speaker module across the entire frequency range.

[0019] It should be noted that the first operating frequency band of the first loudspeaker is not static. The output frequency is one of the factors affecting the sound field directivity. By controlling the output frequency, the sound directivity of the loudspeaker can be adjusted. However, the sound directivity is also affected by factors such as the specific structure of the loudspeaker and the working environment of the loudspeaker. Therefore, the first operating frequency band needs to be adjusted according to the actual application. Similarly, the second operating frequency band also needs to be adjusted according to the actual application, but no restrictions are imposed here.

[0020] It should be noted that the first and second operating frequency bands may overlap. Since the first and second speakers are connected in parallel, this will not affect the overall sound output of the speaker module.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the speaker module also includes a signal interface and a low-pass filter; the signal interface is used to connect external signal circuitry to receive sound signals; the low-pass filter is electrically connected between the first speaker and the signal interface to filter the sound signals input via the signal interface.

[0022] In this implementation, a low-pass filter is designed to be connected in series with the first speaker to perform low-pass filtering, so that the sound signal received by the first speaker is a mid-to-low frequency signal, thereby enabling the first speaker to operate in the first operating frequency band, which is beneficial for the speaker module to achieve sound directivity in the mid-to-low frequency band.

[0023] In some possible implementations, the low-pass filter is an inductor with the value L1 = RL / (2π*f), where RL is the impedance of the first speaker and f is the cutoff frequency.

[0024] In this implementation, by designing the value of the inductor, impedance matching between the inductor and the impedance of the first speaker can be achieved, which is beneficial to achieving better filtering effect and improving the working stability of the first speaker.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the speaker module also includes a high-pass filter, which is electrically connected between the second speaker and the signal interface. The high-pass filter is used to filter the sound signal input through the signal interface.

[0026] In this implementation, a high-pass filter is designed to be connected in series with the second speaker to perform high-pass filtering, so that the sound signal received by the second speaker is a high-frequency signal, thereby enabling the second speaker to operate in the second operating frequency band, which is beneficial for the speaker module to achieve sound directivity in the high-frequency band.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the high-pass filter is a capacitor with a capacitance value C1 = 1 / (2π*RH*f), where RH is the impedance of the second speaker and f is the cutoff frequency.

[0028] In this implementation, by designing the value of the capacitor, impedance matching between the capacitor and the impedance of the second speaker can be achieved, which is beneficial to achieving better filtering effect and improving the working stability of the second speaker.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the cutoff frequency f is in the range of 500 Hz to 4 kHz.

[0030] In this implementation, by setting the cutoff frequency f to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial to make the maximum value of the first operating frequency band between 500Hz and 4kHz, so that the first operating frequency band is closer to the mid-low frequency band and the second operating frequency band is closer to the high frequency band. This is beneficial to the first speaker's sound output in the first operating frequency band being directional towards the side of the first radiating surface away from the second radiating surface, and can avoid the first speaker's output frequency being too high, which would cause the second radiating surface to output sound away from the first radiating surface, thus avoiding deterioration of directivity.

[0031] The cutoff frequency f can be in the range of 1 kHz to 2 kHz. For example, the value of f can be, but is not limited to, 1 kHz, or 1100 Hz, or 1200 Hz, or 1300 Hz, or 1400 Hz, or 1500 Hz, or 1600 Hz, or 1700 Hz, or 1800 Hz, or 1900 Hz, or 2 kHz, or other values ​​between 1 kHz and 2 kHz.

[0032] In this implementation, by setting the cutoff frequency f to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial to achieve low-pass filtering more accurately, thereby making the first operating frequency band closer to the mid-low frequency band. This is beneficial to the first speaker's sound output in the first operating frequency band being directional towards the side of the first radiating surface away from the second radiating surface, and can avoid the first speaker's output frequency being too high, which would cause the second radiating surface to output sound away from the first radiating surface, thus avoiding deterioration of directivity.

[0033] In this implementation, by setting the cutoff frequency f to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial to achieve high-pass filtering more accurately, thereby making the second operating frequency band closer to the high frequency band. This is beneficial for the second speaker to have strong directivity in the second operating frequency band, and can work with the first speaker to achieve directivity sound output of the speaker module across the entire frequency band.

[0034] In some other possible implementations, the first speaker module can achieve the first operating frequency band through its own internal circuit design, and the second speaker module can achieve the second operating frequency band through its own internal circuit design.

[0035] In this implementation, since the first and second speaker modules can achieve their corresponding operating frequency bands through their own circuit design, the speaker modules do not require additional high-pass and low-pass filters. Therefore, the first speaker does not need an additional low-pass filter in series, and the second speaker does not need an additional high-pass filter in series, thus simplifying the speaker module circuitry.

[0036] In some possible implementations, the housing includes a first housing and a second housing, the second housing is mounted on the first housing and encloses a receiving space; both the first sound outlet and the second sound outlet are disposed in the first housing, both the first loudspeaker and the second loudspeaker are mounted in the first housing; and the third sound outlet is disposed in the second housing.

[0037] In this implementation, configuring the housing as a structure formed by combining two housings facilitates the installation of the first and second speakers. For example, the first and second speakers can be installed in the first housing first, and then the second housing can be combined with the first housing to form the housing.

[0038] In some possible implementations, the first shell includes a bottom shell and multiple side shells, all of which are connected to the periphery of the bottom shell and extend toward the second shell, with the end of the side shell away from the bottom shell connected to the second shell; the first sound outlet and the second sound outlet are both located on the bottom shell.

[0039] In this implementation, by placing both the first and second sound outlets on the bottom shell, they are flush with each other on the same plane, which is beneficial for the overall sound output of the speaker module. The surface of the bottom shell facing away from the second shell forms the first radiating surface. Multiple side shells surround the bottom shell, allowing connection between the first and second shells. This reduces interference with the structure of the first radiating surface during installation or disassembly, and contributes to the stability of the speaker module's sound output.

[0040] In some possible implementations, the second shell includes a first wall, a second wall, and a third wall connected in sequence. The first wall and the third wall are both extended toward the first shell relative to the second wall. The end of the first wall away from the second wall is connected to the first shell, and the end of the third wall away from the second wall is connected to the first shell. The third sound outlet is disposed in at least one of the first wall, the second wall, and the third wall.

[0041] In some possible implementations, the third sound outlet can be located on the second wall so that the first acoustic resistor is located on the second wall. This allows the speaker module to achieve the best cancellation effect for low-to-mid frequency sound output on the second wall side. Therefore, when the speaker module outputs sound in the low-to-mid frequency range, the speaker module has the best sound insulation effect on the second wall side, that is, the sound insulation effect is best directly behind the speaker module.

[0042] In some other possible implementations, the third sound outlet can be located on the first wall or the third wall so that the first acoustic resistor is located on the first wall or the third wall, thereby making the cancellation effect of the speaker outputting mid-low frequency sound best on the first wall or the third wall side. Therefore, when the speaker module outputs mid-low frequency sound, the speaker module has the best sound insulation effect on the first wall or the third wall side, that is, the sound insulation effect of the rear side of the speaker module is the best.

[0043] In some other possible implementations, the third sound outlet can be located on at least two of the first, second, and third walls to balance the sound insulation effect of the speaker module in different rear positions. The specific design can be tailored to the actual application.

[0044] In some possible implementations, the total opening area of ​​the third sound hole is 500 mm². 2 Up to 4000mm 2 Within the range.

[0045] In this implementation, the total opening area of ​​the third sound hole satisfies the above relationship, so that the area of ​​the first acoustic resistor also satisfies the above relationship. This is beneficial for the first acoustic resistor to better achieve the cancellation effect of the rear sound output of the speaker module, thereby improving the directivity effect of the speaker module in the mid-low frequency sound output.

[0046] In some possible implementations, the air volume V within the containment space satisfies: V≥0.15L.

[0047] In this implementation, the air volume V in the containment space satisfies the above relationship, which helps the first acoustic resistor to better achieve the cancellation effect of the rear sound output of the speaker module, thereby improving the directivity of the speaker module in the mid-low frequency sound output.

[0048] In some possible implementations, the current resistance R of the first acoustic resistor satisfies: 1 / (C enclosure )*10 -5 Pa.s / m 3 <R<1 / (C enclosure )*10 -2 Pa.s / m 3 , where C enclosure =V / (ρc) 2 V is the volume of air in the containment space, ρ is the air density in the containment space, and c is the speed of sound in the containment space.

[0049] In this implementation, by designing the current resistance value R of the first acoustic resistor to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial for the first acoustic resistor to adjust the amplitude and phase of the sound emitted by the first speaker through the third sound outlet in the first operating frequency band, so as to achieve a better cancellation effect with the sound emitted by the first speaker through the first sound outlet in the first operating frequency band and going around to the rear of the speaker module, thereby helping to achieve the directivity of the speaker module in the mid-low frequency range.

[0050] Among them, the flow resistance value R of the first acoustic resistor can satisfy: 1 / (C enclosure )*10 -4 Pa.s / m 3 <R<1 / (C enclosure )*10 -3 Pa.s / m3 , where C enclosure =V / (ρc) 2 ).

[0051] In this implementation, by designing the current resistance value R of the first acoustic resistor to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial for the first acoustic resistor to make more precise adjustments to the amplitude and phase of the sound emitted by the first speaker through the third sound outlet in the first operating frequency band, so as to achieve a better cancellation effect with the sound emitted by the first speaker through the first sound outlet in the first operating frequency band and going around to the rear of the speaker module, thereby helping to achieve the directivity of the speaker module in the mid-low frequency range.

[0052] In some possible implementations, the material of the first acoustic resistor includes at least one of polyester fiber, porous polyurethane, and rock wool, so that the first acoustic resistor can better achieve the adjustment of sound amplitude and sound phase.

[0053] In some possible implementations, the speaker module also includes a second acoustic resistor disposed at and covering the first sound outlet.

[0054] In this implementation, the amplitude and phase of the sound emitted by the first speaker through the first sound outlet are adjusted by the second acoustic resistor so that when the sound emitted by the first speaker through the first sound outlet reaches the rear of the speaker module, it can better cancel out the sound emitted by the first speaker through the third sound outlet. This achieves low-to-mid frequency noise reduction of the speaker module at the rear, thereby improving the directivity of the speaker module in the low-to-mid frequency range and enhancing the sound insulation effect of the speaker module in the low-to-mid frequency range.

[0055] In some possible implementations, the speaker module also includes a waveguide disposed between the second sound hole and the third surface, for guiding the sound output of the second speaker to the second sound hole.

[0056] In this implementation, since the size of the waveguide is positively correlated with the wavelength of sound, and the second speaker emits high-frequency sound, the wavelength of the sound emitted by the second speaker is relatively short. This results in a shorter waveguide length, minimizing its space-consuming role in the speaker module. By using a waveguide to guide the sound emitted by the second speaker, the direction and angle of sound wave transmission can be altered, further enhancing the directivity of the second speaker's sound field. Furthermore, the waveguide reduces distortion in the second speaker's sound output, improving sound quality and increasing volume, making the sound from the second speaker more impactful. Therefore, using a waveguide effectively improves the directivity and sound output of the second speaker, thereby enhancing the speaker module's high-frequency sound performance.

[0057] Secondly, this application provides a headrest. The headrest includes a pillow body and a speaker module as described above, wherein the speaker module is mounted on the pillow body.

[0058] In this application, by installing the speaker module in the headrest body, the user's head can receive a more directional sound when resting on the headrest. That is, the speaker module emits sound directionally towards the user, which not only improves the user's auditory experience, but also prevents sound from leaking to other sides of the headrest, thus improving privacy and protecting the user's privacy.

[0059] In some possible implementations, the pillow body includes a first pillow shell and a second pillow shell. The first pillow shell is installed on the second pillow shell and forms an installation space. The first pillow shell has an installation hole that communicates with the installation space. The speaker module is located in the installation space and is installed in the installation hole. The first sound outlet and the second sound outlet in the speaker module are both exposed through the installation hole.

[0060] In this implementation, the design of the first and second pillow shells of the pillow body provides outer casing protection for the speaker module. The surface of the first pillow shell with mounting holes forms a third radiating surface, and the surface of the second pillow shell facing away from the first pillow shell forms a fourth radiating surface. The speaker module achieves directional sound output via the third radiating surface and achieves mid-to-low frequency sound output and cancels out mid-to-low frequency sound output via the fourth radiating surface.

[0061] In some possible implementations, the second pillow shell includes a first sub-shell, a second sub-shell, and a third sub-shell connected in sequence. The first sub-shell and the third sub-shell both extend toward the first pillow shell relative to the second sub-shell. The end of the first sub-shell away from the second sub-shell is connected to the first pillow shell, and the end of the third sub-shell away from the second sub-shell is connected to the first pillow shell. The second pillow shell has a fourth sound outlet, which is disposed in at least one of the first sub-shell, the second sub-shell, and the third sub-shell.

[0062] In this implementation, by setting a fourth sound outlet in the second pillow shell, the speaker module can achieve mid-to-low frequency sound output through the fourth sound outlet, and by adjusting the position of the fourth sound outlet, the optimal sound insulation zone on the back of the headrest can be adjusted.

[0063] In some implementations, the fourth sound outlet can be located in the second sub-shell. Since the second sub-shell is located in the middle of the second headrest shell, the low-to-mid-frequency sound emitted by the speaker module is muted on the side of the second sub-shell facing away from the speaker module, thus achieving optimal sound insulation directly behind the headrest.

[0064] In some implementations, the fourth sound outlet can be located in the first or third sub-shell. Since both the first and third sub-shells are located on the side of the second headrest shell, the low-to-mid-frequency sound output of the speaker module is muted at the rear side of the headrest, thus achieving optimal sound insulation at the rear side of the headrest.

[0065] In some other implementations, the fourth sound outlet can be located on at least two sides of the first, second, and third sub-shells, so that the speaker module can achieve sound damping at multiple locations behind the headrest, thus achieving sound insulation at multiple locations. Although the sound insulation effect is not as good as the two examples mentioned above, it can expand the sound insulation area to a certain extent.

[0066] In some possible implementations, the headrest also includes a third acoustic resistive element, which is located at and covers the fourth sound outlet.

[0067] In this implementation, the amplitude and phase of the low-frequency sound emitted by the speaker module through the fourth sound outlet are adjusted by the third acoustic resistor. This allows the low-frequency sound emitted by the speaker module through the mounting hole to better cancel out the sound emitted by the speaker module through the fourth sound outlet when it reaches the back of the headrest. This achieves low-frequency noise reduction of the speaker module at the rear, thereby improving the directivity of the speaker module in the low-frequency range and enhancing the sound insulation effect of the speaker module in the low-frequency range.

[0068] In some possible implementations, the headrest also includes a fourth acoustic resistive element, which is located in the mounting hole and covers the first sound outlet hole.

[0069] In this implementation, the amplitude and phase of the sound emitted by the first speaker through the first sound outlet are adjusted by the fourth acoustic resistor so that when the sound emitted by the first speaker through the first sound outlet reaches the rear of the speaker module, it can better cancel out the sound emitted by the first speaker through the fourth sound outlet. This achieves low-to-mid frequency noise reduction of the speaker module at the rear, thereby improving the directivity of the speaker module in the low-to-mid frequency range and enhancing the sound insulation effect of the speaker module in the low-to-mid frequency range.

[0070] In some possible implementations, the pillow body includes a support area, a first sound output area, and a second sound output area, with the first and second sound output areas located on opposite sides of the support area; the number of speaker modules is two, with one speaker module installed in the first sound output area and the other speaker installed in the second sound output area.

[0071] In this implementation, the reclining area provides a space for the user to rest their head. Two speaker modules emit sound from the first and second sound output areas respectively, allowing each module to correspond to the user's two ears, achieving left and right channel sound output and improving the sound quality, thus enhancing the user's auditory experience. The first speaker in the speaker module, through a rear cavity opening and a first acoustic resistor, achieves directional sound output in the mid-to-low frequencies, thereby optimizing the speaker module's mid-to-low frequency sound output and sound insulation. The second speaker in the speaker module, through a sealed rear cavity, achieves directional sound output in the high frequencies, further optimizing the speaker module's high-frequency sound output and sound insulation. Therefore, by applying speaker modules to the headrest, the user's auditory experience and privacy when using the headrest can be improved.

[0072] In some possible implementations, the center-to-center distance between the first speaker of one speaker module and the first speaker of the other speaker module is greater than or equal to 120mm.

[0073] In this implementation, the spacing between the two first speakers is designed to satisfy the aforementioned relationship, preventing the user's head from blocking the sound output of the first speakers when leaning against the headrest. This avoids interference with the sound output of the first speakers, improves their sound quality, and thus enhances the overall sound performance of the speaker module. Since the sound output surface of the first speaker is larger than that of the second speaker (i.e., the first speaker has a larger size), the center-to-center spacing between the two first speakers can be smaller than the center-to-center spacing between the two second speakers, as long as it prevents the entire surface of the first speaker from being blocked.

[0074] In some possible implementations, the center-to-center distance between the second speaker of one speaker module and the second speaker of the other speaker module is greater than or equal to 150mm.

[0075] In this implementation, the spacing between the two second speakers is designed to satisfy the above relationship, so as to avoid the user's head blocking the sound output of the second speaker when the user leans on the headrest, thereby avoiding interference with the sound output of the second speaker, which is conducive to improving the sound output effect of the second speaker, and thus improving the overall sound output effect of the speaker module.

[0076] Thirdly, this application provides a seat. The seat includes a seat body and any of the aforementioned speaker modules. The seat body includes a connected chair body and a headrest body, and the speaker module is mounted on the chair body; or, it includes a chair body and any of the aforementioned headrests, with the headrest mounted on the chair body.

[0077] In this application, the installation position of the speaker module can be selected according to the actual application of the seat to achieve different directional sound output effects and sound insulation effects. Specifically, when the speaker module is installed in the headrest body, the headrest solution provided in any of the aforementioned embodiments can be achieved, improving the user's auditory experience. When the speaker module is installed in the chair body, it can provide the user with a novel sound output method. When the speaker module is installed in both the headrest body and the chair body, it can provide the user with multi-directional sound sources, and all of these sound sources are directional towards the user, providing a superior sound effect.

[0078] In some possible implementations, there can be two seat bodies, spaced apart front to back. The speaker module can be installed in the headrest of the front seat body, enabling directional sound output towards the front.

[0079] In this implementation, the speaker module achieves directional sound output towards the front, which can provide good directional sound output for the user sitting in the front seat, improving the listening experience of the user in the front. Furthermore, since the directional sound output of the speaker module can reduce or even eliminate the sound propagation to the user in the back, it can not only provide good privacy for the user in the front, but also prevent the sound from the front from interfering with the user in the back, achieving a win-win effect of improving sound effects and isolating the sound field between the users in the front and back.

[0080] In some other possible implementations, the front seat body can be equipped with electronic devices, and speaker modules can be installed in the electronic devices to achieve directional sound output towards the rear.

[0081] In this embodiment, the speaker module enables directional sound output towards the rear, providing a good directional sound output for the user sitting on the rear seat body, improving the auditory experience of the user in the rear. Furthermore, since the directional sound output of the speaker module can reduce or even eliminate the sound propagation to the user in front, it not only provides a good sound output experience for the user in the rear, but also avoids the sound from the rear interfering with the user in front.

[0082] In some other possible implementations, there can be two speaker modules, one of which can be mounted on the front seat to provide forward-facing directional sound, and the other can be mounted on the electronics to provide rearward-facing directional sound.

[0083] In this implementation, by using two speaker modules with opposite sound output directions, directional sound can be provided to users on the front and back sides simultaneously. This not only improves the listening experience of users on both sides, but also reduces mutual interference between the sound outputs on both sides, achieving a win-win effect of improving sound effects and isolating the sound field for users on the front and back sides.

[0084] Fourthly, this application provides a cockpit. The cockpit includes a cabin body and any of the aforementioned speaker modules, the speaker modules being installed in the cabin body; or, it includes a cabin body and any of the aforementioned seats, the seats being installed in the cabin body.

[0085] In this application, by placing speakers at any position in the cabin and utilizing the directional sound output of the speaker modules, directional sound output is provided to the cabin, thereby improving the sound effect in a specific area.

[0086] Fifthly, this application provides a means of transportation. The means of transportation includes a vehicle and any of the aforementioned speaker modules, the speaker modules being installed in the vehicle; or, it includes a vehicle and any of the aforementioned seats, the seats being installed within the vehicle; or, it includes a vehicle and any of the aforementioned cabins, the cabins being installed within the vehicle.

[0087] In this application, the speaker module can be installed at different positions on the vehicle to achieve different directional sound output effects. Attached Figure Description

[0088] Figure 1A is a sound field radiation diagram of a loudspeaker;

[0089] Figure 1B is a sound field radiation diagram of another type of loudspeaker;

[0090] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of sound output from the speaker module provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0091] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the operating frequency band of the speaker module shown in Figure 2;

[0092] Figure 4 is a circuit connection diagram of the speaker module shown in Figure 2 in some embodiments;

[0093] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the speaker module provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0094] Figure 5B is a structural schematic diagram of the speaker module shown in Figure 5A from another perspective;

[0095] Figure 6 is a partial structural exploded view of the speaker module shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments;

[0096] Figure 7A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first housing in the speaker module shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments;

[0097] Figure 7B is a structural schematic diagram of the first shell shown in Figure 7A from another perspective;

[0098] Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first speaker in the speaker module shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments;

[0099] Figure 8B is a structural schematic diagram of the first loudspeaker shown in Figure 8A from another perspective;

[0100] Figure 9 is a partial internal structure diagram of the first loudspeaker shown in Figure 8A in some embodiments;

[0101] Figure 10A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second speaker in the speaker module shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments;

[0102] Figure 10B is a structural schematic diagram of the second speaker shown in Figure 10A from another perspective;

[0103] Figure 11 is a partial internal structure diagram of the second loudspeaker shown in Figure 10A in some embodiments;

[0104] Figure 12A is a structural schematic diagram of the first housing mounting speaker shown in Figure 7A in some embodiments;

[0105] Figure 12B is a structural schematic diagram of the structure shown in Figure 12A from another perspective;

[0106] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the installation circuit structure of the structure shown in Figure 12A in some embodiments;

[0107] Figure 14A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second shell in the speaker module shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments;

[0108] Figure 14B is a structural schematic diagram of the second shell shown in Figure 14A from another perspective;

[0109] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the speaker module shown in Figure 5A with a second acoustic resistor in some embodiments;

[0110] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the waveguide component installed in some embodiments of the speaker module shown in Figure 5A;

[0111] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the low-to-mid frequency sound output of the speaker module provided in this application applied to a headrest in some embodiments;

[0112] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the low-to-mid frequency sound output of the speaker module provided in this application applied to a headrest in some embodiments;

[0113] Figure 19A is a structural schematic diagram of the headrest provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0114] Figure 19B is a structural schematic diagram of the headrest shown in Figure 19A from another perspective;

[0115] Figure 20 is a partial structural exploded view of the headrest shown in Figure 19A in some embodiments;

[0116] Figure 21 is a structural schematic diagram of the headrest shown in Figure 20 from another perspective;

[0117] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the spacing between the two speaker modules in the headrest shown in Figure 19A;

[0118] Figure 23 is a structural schematic diagram of the seat provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0119] Figure 24 is a structural schematic diagram of the seat provided in this application in some other embodiments;

[0120] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the sound output of the seat provided in this application in some scenarios;

[0121] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the sound output of the seat provided in this application in some other scenarios;

[0122] Figure 27 is a structural schematic diagram of the cockpit provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0123] Figure 28 is a structural schematic diagram of the vehicle provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0124] Figure 29 shows the physical isolation curves obtained from the first set of physical isolation tests. Detailed Implementation

[0125] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0126] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Multiple" refers to at least two.

[0127] The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", "side", etc., are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0128] In the embodiments of this application, the relative positional relationships mentioned, such as parallel, perpendicular, and aligned, are defined in relation to the current technological level, rather than being absolutely strict. Slight deviations are permissible; approximations of parallelism, perpendicularity, or alignment are all acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. Similarly, "A and B are perpendicular" means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0129] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0130] To facilitate understanding, some related concepts involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained below.

[0131] 1. Speaker directivity

[0132] The directivity of a loudspeaker refers to the sound pressure distribution characteristics radiated by the loudspeaker at different spatial locations when it emits sound. It can also be understood as the sound energy radiation characteristics of the loudspeaker in various directions within the space surrounding its sound center.

[0133] The following explanation is based on Figures 1A and 1B. Figure 1A is a sound field radiation diagram of one type of loudspeaker; Figure 1B is a sound field radiation diagram of another type of loudspeaker.

[0134] In Figures 1A and 1B, the curves within the solid circles represent the sound field radiation curves of the loudspeaker. Point O indicates the sound center of the loudspeaker, and the circumferential direction indicates the orientation relative to the loudspeaker. 0° represents the front of the loudspeaker, and the orientation on the 0° side is also called the front of the sound field. 180° represents the rear of the loudspeaker, and the orientation on the 180° side is also called the rear of the sound field. The dashed circles represent the sound pressure level (dB). The larger the dashed circle, the greater the sound pressure level at that location. Therefore, the farther the radiation curve is from the sound center, the greater the sound pressure level.

[0135] The speaker shown in Figure 1A has a higher sound pressure level in the front of the sound field and a significantly lower sound pressure level in the back of the sound field. This can be considered as the speaker shown in Figure 1A having better directivity in the front of the sound field. In other words, the sound output direction of the speaker shown in Figure 1A is concentrated in the direction in which the speaker output surface faces (i.e., in front of the speaker). It is possible to receive relatively clear sound in front of the speaker, but it is difficult to receive clear sound in the back of the speaker, or even to receive sound that can be distinguished by the human ear.

[0136] The speaker shown in Figure 1B has a large sound pressure level in both the front and rear of the sound field, and the difference between the sound pressure level in the rear and front of the sound field is not large. It can be regarded as the omnidirectional sound field of the speaker shown in Figure 1B. In other words, the speaker shown in Figure 1B emits sound in all directions, and relatively clear sound can be received in all directions of the speaker.

[0137] 2. Directivity of the loudspeaker in different frequency bands

[0138] The directivity of a loudspeaker varies at different frequencies, and this difference is mainly affected by the loudspeaker structure, sound wave wavelength, and frequency characteristics.

[0139] Specifically, in the low-frequency range, the directivity of a loudspeaker is usually weak. This is because low-frequency sound waves have longer wavelengths, stronger diffraction capabilities, and can easily bypass obstacles and propagate widely in space. Therefore, in the low-frequency range, the sound radiation of a loudspeaker is usually more uniform and does not have obvious directivity; for example, its sound field radiation usually presents a shape approximately as shown in Figure 1B.

[0140] As the frequency increases, the wavelength of the sound wave gradually shortens, the diffraction ability weakens, and the directivity of the loudspeaker gradually increases. In the mid-frequency range, the directivity of the loudspeaker is already quite obvious, and the directionality of sound radiation begins to appear. For example, its sound field radiation can present a shape between Figure 1A and Figure 1B.

[0141] As the frequency continues to increase, especially into the high-frequency range, the directivity of a loudspeaker becomes very pronounced. High-frequency sound waves have very short wavelengths and weak diffraction capabilities, making it easier for sound to concentrate in a specific direction. Therefore, in the high-frequency range, loudspeakers can more precisely control the direction of sound propagation, achieving directional sound output.

[0142] In summary, loudspeakers have poor directivity in the low and mid-frequency range, but better directivity in the high-frequency range.

[0143] Currently, with the development of automotive cabin audio, speakers are being installed in the headrests of seats to enhance the user experience, based on the need for privacy in the driver's cabin.

[0144] In some existing technologies, a single speaker is placed inside the headrest, and an opening is made at the front of the headrest to form a radiating surface, thereby forming sound radiation and ensuring an independent sound zone experience for the user's ears.

[0145] However, because the speaker is omnidirectional in the mid-to-low frequency range, the sound emitted by the speaker in the mid-to-low frequency range will be directed to the back of the headrest, thus forming a rearward radiation of the sound field, causing sound leakage and making it difficult to guarantee a private experience.

[0146] To avoid rearward sound radiation from the speaker in the mid-to-low frequency range, some existing technologies involve creating an opening at the rear of the headrest and placing acoustic damping material within it. This acoustic damping material modulates the amplitude and phase of the sound, thereby weakening or even eliminating rearward sound emission from the headrest. Specifically, the speaker emits sound in the mid-to-low frequency range through two paths: one path where the speaker emits sound towards the front of the headrest, with some sound emanating towards the front and continuing to propagate towards the front, while the rest travels around to the rear of the headrest; the other path where the speaker emits sound towards the rear of the headrest, where the amplitude decreases and the phase changes after passing through the acoustic damping material. Thus, when the sound from these two paths meets at the rear of the headrest, the phase difference causes at least partial cancellation, weakening the rearward sound emission and achieving directivity of the speaker at the front of the headrest, ensuring sound insulation.

[0147] However, when the speaker emits sound in the high-frequency range, the sound emitted by the speaker towards the front of the headrest will not reach the back of the headrest due to the strong directivity of the sound in the high-frequency range. Therefore, the sound emitted by the speaker towards the back of the headrest cannot be canceled out, resulting in sound leakage from the back of the headrest, which in turn leads to a deterioration in the directivity of the speaker.

[0148] Therefore, it is difficult to achieve full-frequency directivity in existing speaker designs.

[0149] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a speaker module that uses two speakers connected in parallel. One speaker is used for mid-low frequency sound output, and the directional sound output in the mid-low frequency range is achieved by using a rear cavity opening and acoustic damping material. The other speaker is used for high frequency sound output, and the rear cavity is sealed to prevent sound leakage from the rear side. Thus, the speaker module achieves directional sound output across the entire frequency range.

[0150] The following sections will detail some embodiments of the speaker module 10 provided in this application.

[0151] First, let's introduce the working principle of the speaker module 10 provided in this application. Please refer to Figures 2 and 3. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the sound output of the speaker module 10 provided in this application in some embodiments; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the operating frequency band of the speaker module 10 shown in Figure 2.

[0152] In some embodiments, the speaker module 10 may include a housing 1, a first speaker 2, a second speaker 3, and a first acoustic resistor 4. The housing 1 may have a first radiating surface 11 and a second radiating surface 12 arranged opposite to each other. The first radiating surface 11 is provided with a first sound outlet 111 and a second sound outlet 112 arranged at intervals. The first speaker 2 and the second speaker 3 may both be mounted on the housing 1. The first speaker 2 emits sound through the first sound outlet 111, and the second speaker 3 emits sound through the second sound outlet 112. The rear cavity of the first speaker 2 has a connecting hole 21, and the second radiating surface 12 is provided with a third sound outlet 121, with the connecting hole 21 communicating with the third sound outlet 121. The first acoustic resistor 4 is disposed within the third sound outlet 121. The rear cavity of the second speaker 3 is sealed and is arranged in parallel with the first speaker 2.

[0153] In this embodiment, through the above design, the first speaker 2 emits sound not only through the first sound outlet 111 towards the side of the first radiating surface 11 facing away from the second radiating surface 12, but also through the connecting hole 21 and the third sound outlet 121 towards the side of the second radiating surface 12 facing away from the first radiating surface 11. The second speaker 3 emits sound only through the second sound outlet 112 towards the side of the first radiating surface 11 facing away from the second radiating surface 12. Therefore, by designing the first speaker 2 to emit mid-to-low frequencies, the first acoustic resistor 4 can be used to improve the directivity of the first speaker 2 towards the side of the first radiating surface 11 facing away from the second radiating surface 12, thereby achieving directivity of the speaker module 10 in mid-to-low frequencies. By using the second speaker 3 to emit high frequencies, the speaker module 10 can achieve directivity in high frequencies, thus enabling the speaker module 10 to achieve directivity in both mid-to-low and high frequencies, improving the directivity of the speaker module 10 across the entire frequency range.

[0154] For example, referring to Figure 3, the first speaker 2 may have a first operating frequency band (see M1 in Figure 3), and the second speaker 3 may have a second operating frequency band (see M2 in Figure 3). The overall frequency of the second operating frequency band is greater than the overall frequency of the first operating frequency band.

[0155] In this embodiment, by designing the first operating frequency band of the first speaker 2 to have a relatively low overall frequency, mid-to-low frequency sound output is achieved. This allows the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the first sound outlet 111 and circulating to the side of the second radiating surface 12 opposite to the first radiating surface 11 to at least partially cancel out the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the third sound outlet 121. This weakens or even eliminates the sound field of the first speaker 2 on the side of the second radiating surface 12 opposite to the first radiating surface 11, improving the directivity of the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 on the side of the first radiating surface 11 opposite to the second radiating surface 12. By designing the second operating frequency band of the second speaker 3 to have a relatively high overall frequency, high frequency sound output is achieved. This allows the sound emitted by the second speaker 3 through the second sound outlet 112 to have good directivity, that is, to emit sound towards the side of the first radiating surface 11 opposite to the second radiating surface 12 with good directivity. Therefore, through the cooperation of the first speaker 2 and the second speaker 3, the speaker module 10 can achieve good directivity in both mid-to-low and high frequencies.

[0156] It should be noted that, as illustrated by the dashed lines with arrows in Figure 3, when the first speaker 2 emits sound in the first operating frequency band, the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the first sound outlet 111 travels around to the side of the second radiating surface 12 facing away from the first radiating surface 11, and meets the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the third sound outlet 121. Here, because the first acoustic resistor 4 can reduce the amplitude of the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the third sound outlet 121 and change its phase, the sounds emitted through the two sound outlets can at least partially cancel each other out. Figure 3 only illustrates the sound travel from one side of the first speaker 2; sound travel in other directions also exists, such as the side of the first speaker 2 near the second speaker 3. The principle of sound cancellation on the side of the second radiating surface 12 facing away from the first radiating surface 11 is the same, and will not be illustrated here.

[0157] The division point between the first and second operating frequency bands (see f1 in Figure 3) can be in the range of 500Hz to 4kHz. For example, the value of f1 can be, but is not limited to, 500Hz, 600Hz, 700Hz, 1kHz, 1100Hz, 1300Hz, 1500Hz, 1700Hz, 2400Hz, 2700Hz, 3300Hz, 3500Hz, 3700Hz, 3800Hz, 3900Hz, 4kHz, or other values ​​between 500Hz and 4kHz.

[0158] In this embodiment, by setting the crossover point to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial for the first speaker 2 to achieve directional sound output towards the side of the first radiating surface 11 away from the second radiating surface 12 in the first operating frequency band. Furthermore, it avoids the second radiating surface 12 from outputting sound away from the first radiating surface 11 due to excessively high frequency, thus preventing deterioration of directional sound. In addition, it is beneficial for the second speaker 3 to have strong directional sound output in the second operating frequency band, enabling it to work in conjunction with the first speaker 2 to achieve directional sound output from the speaker module 10 across the entire frequency range.

[0159] The division point between the first and second operating frequency bands (see f1 in Figure 3) can be in the range of 1kHz to 2kHz. For example, the value of f1 can be, but is not limited to, 1kHz, 1100Hz, 1200Hz, 1300Hz, 1400Hz, 1500Hz, 1600Hz, 1700Hz, 1800Hz, 1900Hz, 2kHz, or other values ​​between 1kHz and 2kHz.

[0160] In this embodiment, by setting the crossover point to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial to more accurately distinguish between the mid-low frequency band and the high frequency band. This makes the first operating frequency band closer to the mid-low frequency band and the second operating frequency band closer to the high frequency band. This allows the first speaker 2 to achieve directional sound output towards the side of the first radiating surface 11 away from the second radiating surface 12 in the first operating frequency band, and avoids the second radiating surface 12 from deviating from the first radiating surface 11 due to excessively high output frequency of the first speaker 2, thus preventing deterioration of directional sound. In addition, it is beneficial for the second speaker 3 to have strong directional sound output in the second operating frequency band, enabling it to cooperate with the first speaker 2 to achieve directional sound output of the speaker module 10 across the entire frequency range.

[0161] It should be noted that the first operating frequency band of the first loudspeaker 2 is not static. The output frequency is one of the factors affecting the sound field directivity. By controlling the output frequency, the sound directivity of the loudspeaker can be adjusted. However, the sound directivity is also affected by factors such as the specific structure of the loudspeaker and the working environment of the loudspeaker. Therefore, the first operating frequency band needs to be adjusted according to the actual application. Similarly, the second operating frequency band also needs to be adjusted according to the actual application, but no restrictions are imposed here.

[0162] It should be noted that the first and second operating frequency bands may overlap. Since the first speaker 2 and the second speaker 3 are connected in parallel, this will not affect the overall sound output of the speaker module 10.

[0163] In some other embodiments, the second speaker 3 can output sound across the entire frequency range, meaning the second operating frequency band is not limited. Specifically, when the second speaker 3 outputs sound at mid-to-low frequencies, the sound emitted by the second speaker 3 through the second sound outlet 112 travels around to the side of the second radiating surface 12 facing away from the first radiating surface 11. The sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the third sound outlet 121 can then meet this sound and at least partially cancel each other out. In other words, in this scenario, the speaker module 10 has three sounds meeting on the side of the second radiating surface 12 facing away from the first radiating surface 11. By designing the first acoustic resistor 4, these three sounds can at least partially cancel each other out, thereby improving the directivity of the speaker module 10 in the mid-to-low frequency range. When the second speaker 3 outputs sound at high frequencies, the sound emitted by the second speaker 3 through the second sound outlet 112 has strong directivity, achieving directivity of the speaker module 10 in the high-frequency range.

[0164] In some embodiments, the housing 1 may enclose a receiving space 13, and the flow resistance value R of the first acoustic resistor 4 may satisfy: 1 / (C enclosure )*10 -5 Pa.s / m 3 <R<1 / (C enclosure )*10 -2 Pa.s / m 3 , where C enclosure =V / (ρc) 2 V is the volume of air in the containment space 13, ρ is the air density in the containment space 13, and c is the speed of sound in the containment space 13.

[0165] In this embodiment, by designing the current resistance value R of the first acoustic resistor 4 to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial for the first acoustic resistor 4 to adjust the amplitude and phase of the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the third sound outlet 121 in the first operating frequency band, so as to achieve a better cancellation effect with the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the first sound outlet 111 in the first operating frequency band and surrounding the rear side of the speaker module 10, thereby helping to achieve the directivity of the speaker module 10 in the mid-low frequency range.

[0166] In some embodiments, the flow resistance R of the first acoustic resistor 4 can satisfy: 1 / (C enclosure )*10 -4 Pa.s / m 3 <R<1 / (C enclosure )*10 -3 Pa.s / m 3 , where C enclosure =V / (ρc) 2 ).

[0167] In this embodiment, by designing the current resistance value R of the first acoustic resistor 4 to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial for the first acoustic resistor 4 to make more precise adjustments to the amplitude and phase of the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the third sound outlet 121 in the first working frequency band, so as to achieve a better cancellation effect with the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the first sound outlet 111 in the first working frequency band and around to the rear of the speaker module 10, thereby helping to achieve the directivity of the speaker module 10 in the mid-low frequency range.

[0168] For example, the volume V of the air within the containment space 13 satisfies: V ≥ 0.15L. For instance, the volume V of the air within the containment space 13 can be, but is not limited to, 0.15L, or 0.16L, or 0.17L, or 0.18L, or 0.19L, or 0.20L, or 0.21L, or 0.22L, or other values ​​greater than 0.15L.

[0169] In this embodiment, the volume V of the air in the containment space 13 satisfies the above relationship, which is beneficial for the first acoustic damper 4 to better achieve the cancellation effect of the rear sound output of the speaker module 10, thereby improving the directivity effect of the speaker module 10 in the mid-low frequency sound output.

[0170] For example, the total opening area of ​​the third sound outlet 121 can be 500 mm². 2 Up to 4000mm 2 Within the range. For example, the total opening area of ​​the third sound outlet 121 can be, but is not limited to, 500 mm². 2 or 1000mm 2 or 1500mm 2 or 2000mm 2 or 2500mm 2 or 3000mm 2 or 3500mm 2 or 4000mm 2 or 500mm 2 Up to 4000mm 2 Other values ​​between.

[0171] In this embodiment, the total opening area of ​​the third sound hole 121 satisfies the above relationship, so that the area of ​​the first acoustic resistor 4 also satisfies the above relationship. This is beneficial for the first acoustic resistor 4 to better achieve the cancellation effect of the rear sound output of the speaker module 10, thereby improving the directivity effect of the speaker module 10 in the mid-low frequency sound output.

[0172] For example, the material of the first acoustic resistor 4 may include at least one of polyester fiber, porous polyurethane, and rock wool, so that the first acoustic resistor 4 can better achieve sound amplitude adjustment and sound phase adjustment. It should be noted that the material of the first acoustic resistor 4 is not limited to the above-mentioned materials, and may also be other materials capable of achieving sound amplitude adjustment and sound phase adjustment.

[0173] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the speaker module 10 shown in Figure 2 in some embodiments.

[0174] In some embodiments, the speaker module 10 may further include a signal interface 5, a low-pass filter 6, and a high-pass filter 7. The signal interface 5 is used to connect an external signal circuit to receive sound signals. The low-pass filter 6 is electrically connected between the first speaker 2 and the signal interface 5 to filter the sound signals input through the signal interface 5. The high-pass filter 7 is electrically connected between the second speaker 3 and the signal interface 5 to filter the sound signals input through the signal interface 5.

[0175] In this embodiment, a low-pass filter 6 is connected in series with the first speaker 2 for low-pass filtering, so that the sound signal received by the first speaker 2 is a mid-to-low frequency signal, thereby enabling the first speaker 2 to operate in the first operating frequency band, which is beneficial for the speaker module 10 to achieve sound directivity in the mid-to-low frequency band. Similarly, a high-pass filter 7 is connected in series with the second speaker 3 for high-pass filtering, so that the sound signal received by the second speaker 3 is a high-frequency signal, thereby enabling the second speaker 3 to operate in the second operating frequency band, which is beneficial for the speaker module 10 to achieve sound directivity in the high-frequency band.

[0176] For example, the low-pass filter 6 can be an inductor (see L1 in Figure 4), which implements the low-pass filtering function. The inductor value L1 = RL / (2π*f), where RL is the impedance of the first speaker 2 and f is the cutoff frequency.

[0177] In this embodiment, by designing the value of the inductor, impedance matching between the inductor and the impedance of the first speaker 2 can be achieved, which is beneficial to achieving better filtering effect and improving the working stability of the first speaker 2.

[0178] It should be noted that the low-pass filter 6 can be an inductor for illustration only. The low-pass filter 6 can also be other circuit structures that can implement low-pass filtering.

[0179] The cutoff frequency f can be in the range of 500 Hz to 4 kHz. For example, the value of f can be, but is not limited to, 500 Hz, 600 Hz, 700 Hz, 1 kHz, 1100 Hz, 1300 Hz, 1500 Hz, 1700 Hz, 2400 Hz, 2700 Hz, 3300 Hz, 3500 Hz, 3700 Hz, 3800 Hz, 3900 Hz, 4 kHz, or other values ​​between 500 Hz and 4 kHz.

[0180] In this implementation, by setting the cutoff frequency f to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial to make the maximum value of the first operating frequency band between 500Hz and 4kHz, thereby making the first operating frequency band closer to the mid-low frequency band and the second operating frequency band closer to the high frequency band. This is beneficial to the first speaker 2 achieving directivity towards the side of the first radiating surface 11 away from the second radiating surface 12 in the first operating frequency band, and can avoid the second radiating surface 12 from being too far away from the first radiating surface 11 due to excessively high output frequency of the first speaker 2, thus avoiding deterioration of directivity.

[0181] The cutoff frequency f can be in the range of 1 kHz to 2 kHz. For example, the value of f can be, but is not limited to, 1 kHz, or 1100 Hz, or 1200 Hz, or 1300 Hz, or 1400 Hz, or 1500 Hz, or 1600 Hz, or 1700 Hz, or 1800 Hz, or 1900 Hz, or 2 kHz, or other values ​​between 1 kHz and 2 kHz.

[0182] In this embodiment, by setting the cutoff frequency f to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial to achieve low-pass filtering more accurately, thereby making the first operating frequency band closer to the mid-low frequency band. This is beneficial to the first speaker 2 achieving directivity towards the side of the first radiating surface 11 away from the second radiating surface 12 in the first operating frequency band, and can avoid the second radiating surface 12 from having excessively high output frequency, thus avoiding deterioration of directivity.

[0183] For example, the high-pass filter 7 can be a capacitor (see C1 in Figure 4), which implements the high-pass filtering function. The capacitance value C1 = 1 / (2π*RH*f), where RH is the impedance of the second speaker 3 and f is the cutoff frequency.

[0184] In this implementation, by designing the value of the capacitor, impedance matching between the capacitor and the impedance of the second speaker can be achieved, which is beneficial to achieving better filtering effect and improving the working stability of the second speaker 3.

[0185] It should be noted that the high-pass filter 7 can be a capacitor for illustration only; the high-pass filter 7 can also be other circuit structures that can implement high-pass filtering.

[0186] The cutoff frequency f can be in the range of 500 Hz to 4 kHz. For example, the value of f can be, but is not limited to, 500 Hz, 600 Hz, 700 Hz, 1 kHz, 1100 Hz, 1300 Hz, 1500 Hz, 1700 Hz, 2400 Hz, 2700 Hz, 3300 Hz, 3500 Hz, 3700 Hz, 3800 Hz, 3900 Hz, 4 kHz, or other values ​​between 500 Hz and 4 kHz.

[0187] In this implementation, by setting the cutoff frequency f to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial for the second speaker 3 to have strong directivity in the second working frequency band, which can cooperate with the first speaker 2 to achieve directional sound output of the speaker module 10 in the whole frequency band.

[0188] The cutoff frequency f can be in the range of 1 kHz to 2 kHz. For example, the value of f can be, but is not limited to, 1 kHz, or 1100 Hz, or 1200 Hz, or 1300 Hz, or 1400 Hz, or 1500 Hz, or 1600 Hz, or 1700 Hz, or 1800 Hz, or 1900 Hz, or 2 kHz, or other values ​​between 1 kHz and 2 kHz.

[0189] In this embodiment, by setting the cutoff frequency f to satisfy the above relationship, it is beneficial to achieve high-pass filtering more accurately, thereby making the second operating frequency band closer to the high frequency band. This is beneficial for the second speaker 3 to have strong directivity in the second operating frequency band, and to cooperate with the first speaker 2 to achieve directional sound output of the speaker module 10 in the whole frequency band.

[0190] It should be noted that the cutoff frequency f can be considered as the theoretical design value of the crossover point f1 in Figure 3. By designing the cutoff frequency f, the crossover point f1 can be set. However, in the actual filtering process, the filtering effect will be affected by various factors, resulting in a certain difference between the actual crossover point f1 and the cutoff frequency f. This difference does not affect the design of the speaker module 10. In practical applications, the crossover point f1 can be set by adjusting the cutoff frequency f according to the actual scenario, thereby optimizing the directivity of the speaker module 10.

[0191] It should be noted that the circuit structure in Figure 4 is only schematic. In some other embodiments, the circuit of the speaker module 10 may include more or fewer components. For example, the number of capacitors and inductors may be more, or the speaker module 10 may not include the high-pass filter 7, that is, it may not include capacitors.

[0192] In other embodiments, the first speaker 2 can achieve a first operating frequency band through its own internal circuit design, and the second speaker 3 can achieve a second operating frequency band through its own internal circuit design.

[0193] In this embodiment, since the first speaker 2 and the second speaker 3 can achieve their corresponding operating frequency bands through their own circuit design, the speaker module 10 does not need to be equipped with a separate high-pass filter 7 and a low-pass filter 6. Therefore, the first speaker 2 does not need to be connected in series with a low-pass filter 6, and the second speaker 3 does not need to be connected in series with a high-pass filter 7, thereby simplifying the circuit of the speaker module 10.

[0194] The following section introduces the specific structural design of the speaker module 10 provided in this application.

[0195] Please refer to Figures 5A to 6. Figure 5A is a structural schematic diagram of the speaker module 10 provided in this application in some embodiments; Figure 5B is a structural schematic diagram of the speaker module 10 shown in Figure 5A from another perspective; Figure 6 is a partial structural exploded schematic diagram of the speaker module 10 shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments.

[0196] In some embodiments, the housing 1 may enclose a receiving space 13, and the first sound outlet 111, the second sound outlet 112, and the third sound outlet 121 are all connected to the receiving space 13. The first sound outlet 111 and the second sound outlet 112 face the same side, while the third sound outlet 121 faces a different side from the first sound outlet 111. The first loudspeaker 2 and the second loudspeaker 3 are both mounted on the housing 1 and located within the receiving space 13. A first acoustic resistor 4 is disposed on the third sound outlet 121 and covers the third sound outlet 121.

[0197] In this embodiment, the housing 1 can form a cover for the first speaker 2 and the second speaker 3, thereby protecting the first speaker 2 and the second speaker 3.

[0198] For example, the housing 1 may include a first housing 14 and a second housing 15, the second housing 15 may be installed on the first housing 14 and enclose a receiving space 13. The first sound outlet 111 and the second sound outlet 112 may both be provided in the first housing 14, and the third sound outlet 121 may be provided in the second housing 15.

[0199] In this embodiment, by configuring the housing 1 as a structure formed by combining two housings, it is beneficial to install the first speaker 2 and the second speaker 3. For example, the first speaker 2 and the second speaker 3 can be installed on the first housing 14 firstly, and then the second housing 15 can be combined with the first housing 14 to form the housing 1.

[0200] The first shell 14 and the second shell 15 can be detachably connected, making the shell 1 easy to disassemble and facilitating the installation, debugging, replacement, and maintenance of the first speaker 2 and the second speaker 3. For example, the first shell 14 and the second shell 15 can be detachably connected by means of snap-fit ​​or bolt connection.

[0201] Please refer to Figures 5A, 7A and 7B. Figure 7A is a structural schematic diagram of the first housing 14 in the speaker module 10 shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments; Figure 7B is a structural schematic diagram of the first housing 14 shown in Figure 7A from another perspective.

[0202] In some embodiments, the first shell 14 may include a bottom shell 141 and a plurality of side shells 142. The plurality of side shells 142 are all connected to the periphery of the bottom shell 141 and extend toward the second shell 15. The end of the side shell 142 away from the bottom shell 141 is connected to the second shell 15. The first sound outlet 111 and the second sound outlet 112 are both disposed on the bottom shell 141.

[0203] In this embodiment, by placing both the first sound outlet 111 and the second sound outlet 112 on the bottom shell 141, the first sound outlet 111 and the second sound outlet 112 can be flush on the same plane, which is beneficial to the overall sound output of the speaker module 10. The surface of the bottom shell 141 facing away from the second shell 15 forms a first radiating surface 11. Multiple side shells 142 surround the bottom shell 141, enabling the connection between the first shell 14 and the second shell 15. This reduces interference between the first shell 14 and the second shell 15 during installation or disassembly, and is beneficial to the stability of the sound output of the speaker module 10.

[0204] For example, the first sound outlet 111 may be mesh-like, so that the first sound outlet 111 may include multiple sub-holes, which is beneficial to improving the sound output effect of the speaker module 10 through the first sound outlet 111, such as optimizing the diffusion and reflection of sound, making the sound clearer and brighter, and improving the overall listening experience.

[0205] The bottom shell 141 may have a mounting surface 1411, which is disposed opposite to the first radiating surface 11. The mounting surface 1411 may be provided with a first mounting rib 1412, which may surround the first sound outlet 111.

[0206] The periphery of the first mounting rib 1412 may be provided with multiple first snap fasteners 1413. The multiple first snap fasteners 1413 surround and form a first snap-fit ​​space 1414.

[0207] For example, the second sound outlet 112 may be mesh-like, so that the second sound outlet 112 may include multiple sub-holes, which is beneficial to improving the sound output effect of the speaker module 10 through the second sound outlet 112, such as optimizing the diffusion and reflection of sound, making the sound clearer and brighter, and improving the overall listening experience.

[0208] The mounting surface 1411 may be provided with a second mounting rib 1415, which may surround the second sound outlet 112.

[0209] The periphery of the second mounting rib 1415 may be provided with multiple second snap fasteners 1416. The multiple second snap fasteners 1416 surround and form a second snap-fit ​​space 1417.

[0210] The mounting surface 1411 may be provided with a plurality of third mounting ribs 1418, which form a mounting groove 1419.

[0211] For example, the side shell 142 may have a first snap-fit ​​structure 1421, which enables it to snap into the second shell 15, thereby achieving a detachable connection with the second shell 15.

[0212] For example, the side shell 142 may have a wiring harness hole 1422, which facilitates the routing of the speaker module 10 through the wiring harness hole 1422 to provide external signal circuits for the first speaker 2 and the second speaker 3.

[0213] Please refer to Figures 8A to 9. Figure 8A is a structural schematic diagram of the first speaker 2 in the speaker module 10 shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments; Figure 8B is a structural schematic diagram of the first speaker 2 shown in Figure 8A from another perspective; Figure 9 is a partial internal structural schematic diagram of the first speaker 2 shown in Figure 8A in some embodiments.

[0214] It should be noted that Figure 9 does not limit the internal structure and external shape of the first speaker 2, but only schematically describes part of the structure of the first speaker 2. The first speaker 2 may include more structures than those shown in Figure 9.

[0215] In some embodiments, the first loudspeaker 2 may include a first frame 22 and a first diaphragm 23. The first diaphragm 23 may be mounted on the first frame 22. The first diaphragm 23 includes a first surface 231 and a second surface 232. The second surface 232 and the first frame 22 enclose a first space 24. The first frame 22 may be provided with a connecting hole 21, which connects to the first space 24.

[0216] In this embodiment, the first space 24 is the rear cavity of the first speaker 2, and the first surface 231 is the sound output surface of the first speaker 2. By providing the connecting hole 21, the first speaker 2 can produce sound after vibrating the first diaphragm 23. Part of the sound is emitted from the front side through the first surface 231, and the other part of the sound is emitted from the rear side through the connecting hole 21.

[0217] For example, the outer periphery of the first basin stand 22 may be provided with a first pin 25.

[0218] Please refer to Figures 10A to 11. Figure 10A is a structural schematic diagram of the second speaker 3 in the speaker module 10 shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments; Figure 10B is a structural schematic diagram of the second speaker 3 shown in Figure 10A from another perspective; Figure 11 is a partial internal structural schematic diagram of the second speaker 3 shown in Figure 10A in some embodiments.

[0219] It should be noted that Figure 11 does not limit the internal structure and shape of the second speaker 3, but only schematically illustrates part of the structure of the second speaker 3. The second speaker 3 may include more structures than those shown in Figure 11.

[0220] In some embodiments, the second loudspeaker 3 may include a second frame 31 and a second diaphragm 32, the second diaphragm 32 being mounted on the second frame 31, the second diaphragm 32 including a third surface 321 and a fourth surface 322, the fourth surface 322 and the second frame 31 enclosing a second space 33. The second space 33 is an enclosed space.

[0221] In this embodiment, the second space 33 is the rear cavity of the second speaker 3, and the third surface 321 is the sound outlet surface of the second speaker 3. By setting the second space 33 to be closed, the second speaker 3 emits sound through the second diaphragm 32, and the sound only emits sound from the front through the third surface 321.

[0222] For example, the outer periphery of the second basin holder 31 may be provided with a second pin 34.

[0223] Please refer to Figures 7B, 12A and 12B in conjunction with Figure 12A, which is a structural schematic diagram of the first housing 14 shown in Figure 7A with a speaker mounted in some embodiments; and Figure 12B, which is a structural schematic diagram of the structure shown in Figure 12A from another perspective.

[0224] In some embodiments, the first speaker 2 may be mounted on the housing 1, with its first surface 231 facing the first sound outlet 111 and separating the first sound outlet 111 from the receiving space 13. The second speaker 3 may be mounted on the housing 1, with its third surface 321 facing the second sound outlet 112 and separating the second sound outlet 112 from the receiving space.

[0225] In this embodiment, the installation of the first speaker 2 separates the first sound outlet 111 from the receiving space, and the installation of the second speaker 3 separates the second sound outlet 112 from the receiving space. The speaker's own structure achieves the separation between the sound outlet of the first radiating surface 11 and the receiving space 13, which simplifies the structure and avoids sound leakage from the first speaker 2 to the receiving space when it emits sound through the first sound outlet 111, and avoids sound leakage from the second speaker 3 to the receiving space when it emits sound through the second sound outlet 112. This is beneficial to improving the stability of the sound output of the speaker module 10.

[0226] For example, the first speaker 2 can be mounted on the mounting surface 1411 of the bottom shell 141, and the first speaker 2 can be mounted into the first snap-fit ​​space 1414 formed by multiple first snap-fit ​​buckles 1413, and snap-fit ​​with the multiple first snap-fit ​​buckles 1413, thereby realizing the installation of the first speaker 2. In this embodiment, the installation stability of the first speaker 2 is improved by multiple first snap-fit ​​buckles 1413, and since the installation of the first snap-fit ​​buckles 1413 is detachable, the first speaker 2 is easy to disassemble, which is beneficial for the replacement and maintenance of the first speaker 2.

[0227] The first speaker 2 can be installed within the first mounting rib 1412, so that the first mounting rib 1412 can form a circumferential limit for the first speaker 2, thereby improving the installation stability of the first speaker 2. In addition, by forming a wrap around the first speaker 2 on the periphery of the first speaker 2 by the first mounting rib 1412, the effect of the first speaker 2 in separating the first sound outlet 111 from the receiving space can be improved.

[0228] For example, the second speaker 3 can be mounted on the mounting surface 1411 of the bottom shell 141, and the second speaker 3 can be mounted into the second snap-fit ​​space 1417 formed by multiple second snap-fit ​​fasteners 1416, and snap-fit ​​with the multiple second snap-fit ​​fasteners 1416, thereby realizing the installation of the second speaker 3. In this embodiment, the installation stability of the second speaker 3 is improved by multiple second snap-fit ​​fasteners 1416, and since the installation of the second snap-fit ​​fasteners 1416 is detachable, the second speaker 3 is easy to disassemble, which is beneficial for the replacement and maintenance of the second speaker 3. In addition, the second mounting rib 1415 forms a wrap around the second speaker 3 on the periphery, which can improve the effect of the second speaker 3 in separating the second sound outlet 112 from the receiving space.

[0229] Please refer to Figures 4, 7B and 13. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the installation circuit structure of the structure shown in Figure 12A in some embodiments.

[0230] In some embodiments, the low-pass filter 6 can be mounted in the mounting slot 1419 of a third mounting rib 1418 to improve the mounting stability of the low-pass filter 6. The high-pass filter 7 can be mounted in the mounting slot 1419 of another third mounting rib 1418 to improve the mounting stability of the high-pass filter 7.

[0231] For example, the wiring harness of the signal interface 5 can enter through the wiring harness hole 1422 on the side shell 142 of the first housing 14 and be electrically connected to the low-pass filter 6 and the high-pass filter 7. In addition, the low-pass filter 6 can be electrically connected to the first pin 25 of the first speaker 2 through the wiring harness, and the high-pass filter 7 can be electrically connected to the second pin 34 of the second speaker 3 through the wiring harness.

[0232] Please refer to Figures 5B, 14A and 14B in conjunction with Figure 14A, which is a structural schematic diagram of the second shell 15 in the speaker module 10 shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments; and Figure 14B, which is a structural schematic diagram of the second shell 15 shown in Figure 14A from another perspective.

[0233] In some embodiments, the second shell 15 may have a second snap-fit ​​structure 151, which can be snapped into the first snap-fit ​​structure 1421 to achieve a detachable connection between the first shell 14 and the second shell 15.

[0234] For example, the second shell 15 may include a first wall 152, a second wall 153, and a third wall 154 connected in sequence. The first wall 152 and the third wall 154 both extend relative to the second wall 153 toward the first shell 14. The end of the first wall 152 away from the second wall 153 is connected to the first shell 14, and the end of the third wall 154 away from the second wall 153 is also connected to the first shell 14. In this embodiment, the first wall 152 and the third wall 154 can be considered as side walls of the second shell 15, and the second wall 153 can be considered as the bottom wall of the second shell 15.

[0235] The third sound outlet 121 can be disposed in at least one of the first wall 152, the second wall 153 and the third wall 154.

[0236] In some examples, the third sound outlet 121 can be disposed on the second wall 153 so that the first acoustic resistor 4 is disposed on the second wall 153, thereby making the cancellation effect of the low-frequency sound output of the speaker module 10 on the second wall 153 side the best. Therefore, when the speaker module 10 outputs sound in the low-frequency range, the sound insulation effect of the speaker module 10 on the second wall 153 side is the best, that is, the sound insulation effect is the best directly behind the speaker module 10.

[0237] In other examples, the third sound outlet 121 can be disposed on the first wall 152 or the third wall 154, so that the first acoustic resistor 4 is disposed on the first wall 152 or the third wall 154, thereby making the cancellation effect of the speaker outputting mid-low frequency sound best on the first wall 152 or the third wall 154 side. Therefore, when the speaker module 10 outputs mid-low frequency sound, the speaker module 10 has the best sound insulation effect on the first wall 152 or the third wall 154 side, that is, the sound insulation effect of the rear side of the speaker module 10 is the best.

[0238] In some other examples, the third sound outlet 121 can be located in at least two of the first wall 152, the second wall 153 and the third wall 154 to balance the sound insulation effect of the speaker module 10 in different rear positions. The specific design can be made according to the actual application.

[0239] It should be noted that the second wall 153 of the second shell 15 shown in Figure 14B has a concave structure, which allows the second shell 15 to provide clearance for other structures when the speaker module 10 is installed in them. Understandably, this application does not limit the shape of the second shell 15; the second shell 15 can be adaptively adjusted according to different application scenarios of the speaker module 10. Similarly, this application does not limit the position, number, or size of the third sound outlet 121; it can be adaptively adjusted according to different application scenarios.

[0240] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the first wall 152 may be provided with a mounting bracket 155, through which the signal interface 5 can be installed, which is beneficial to the installation stability of the signal interface 5.

[0241] Please refer to Figures 2 and 15. Figure 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the speaker module 10 shown in Figure 5A, in some embodiments, where a second acoustic resistor 8 is provided.

[0242] In some embodiments, the speaker module 10 may further include a second acoustic resistive element 8, which is disposed at the first sound outlet 111 and covers the first sound outlet 111.

[0243] In this embodiment, the amplitude and phase of the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the first sound outlet 111 are adjusted by the second acoustic resistor 8, so that when the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the first sound outlet 111 reaches the rear side of the speaker module 10, it can better cancel out the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the third sound outlet 121, thereby achieving mid-low frequency noise reduction of the speaker module 10 at the rear side, realizing the directivity of the speaker module 10 in the mid-low frequency range, and improving the sound insulation effect of the speaker module 10 in the mid-low frequency range.

[0244] It should be noted that the second acoustic resistive element 8 may include at least some of the features of the first acoustic resistive element 4. In addition, the second acoustic resistive element 8 may be adaptively adjusted according to the size of the first sound outlet 111 and the space between the first sound outlet 111 and the first speaker 2.

[0245] Please refer to Figures 5A and 16 in conjunction. Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the waveguide 9 installed on the speaker module 10 shown in Figure 5A in some embodiments.

[0246] In some embodiments, the speaker module 10 may further include a waveguide 9 disposed between the second sound outlet 112 and the third surface 321, for guiding the sound output of the second speaker 3 to the second sound outlet 112.

[0247] In this embodiment, since the size of the waveguide 9 is positively correlated with the wavelength of sound, and the second speaker 3 emits high-frequency sound, the wavelength of the sound emitted by the second speaker 3 is relatively short. This results in a shorter length for the waveguide 9, preventing it from taking up too much space in the speaker module 10. By using the waveguide 9 to guide the sound emitted by the second speaker 3, the transmission direction and angle of the sound waves can be changed, further enhancing the sound field directivity of the second speaker 3. Furthermore, the waveguide 9 can reduce distortion in the sound emitted by the second speaker 3, improve sound quality, and increase volume, making the sound emitted by the second speaker 3 more impactful. Therefore, using the waveguide 9 helps to improve the directivity and sound output of the second speaker 3, thereby improving the sound output performance of the speaker module 10 in the high-frequency range.

[0248] It should be noted that the waveguide 9 shown in Figure 16 is only for illustration and does not limit the specific structure, shape and number of channels of the waveguide 9. The specific design of the waveguide 9 can be adjusted according to the actual application.

[0249] The following section introduces some application scenarios and environments including speaker module 10.

[0250] Please refer to Figures 17 and 18. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the low-to-mid frequency sound output of the speaker module 10 provided in this application applied to the headrest 100 in some embodiments; Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the low-to-mid frequency sound output of the speaker module 10 provided in this application applied to the headrest 100 in some embodiments.

[0251] In some embodiments, the speaker module 10 may be applied in the headrest 100. The headrest 100 may include a pillow body 20 and a speaker module 10, the speaker module 10 being mounted on the pillow body 20.

[0252] In this embodiment, by installing the speaker module 10 in the pillow body 20, the user's head can receive a more directional sound when resting on the headrest 100. That is, the speaker module 10 emits sound directionally towards the user, which not only improves the user's auditory experience, but also prevents sound from leaking to other sides of the headrest 100, thereby improving privacy and protecting the user's privacy.

[0253] In some examples, the pillow body 20 may include a support area 201, a first sound output area 202, and a second sound output area 203, with the first sound output area 202 and the second sound output area 203 located on opposite sides of the support area 201. There are two speaker modules 10, one of which is mounted in the first sound output area 202, and the other speaker module 10 is mounted in the second sound output area 203.

[0254] In this embodiment, the leaning area 201 is used to provide a place for the user to lean their head. The two speaker modules 10 emit sound in the first sound output area 202 and the second sound output area 203 respectively, so that the two speaker modules 10 can correspond to the user's two ears respectively, realize the left and right channel sound output, improve the sound output effect, and thus improve the user's auditory experience.

[0255] Taking Figures 17 and 18 as examples, the first speaker 2 in the speaker module 10 can achieve the directivity of the speaker module 10 in the mid-to-low frequency range through the rear cavity opening in conjunction with the first acoustic resistor 4, thereby optimizing the sound output and sound insulation effects of the speaker module 10 in the mid-to-low frequency range. The second speaker 3 in the speaker module 10 can achieve the directivity of the speaker module 10 in the high frequency range through the rear cavity sealing, thereby optimizing the sound output and sound insulation effects of the speaker module 10 in the high frequency range. Therefore, by applying the speaker module 10 to the headrest 100, the user's auditory experience and privacy when using the headrest 100 can be improved.

[0256] In other examples, the headrest 100 may also include only a speaker module 10 to simplify the structure of the headrest 100.

[0257] Please refer to Figures 19A to 21. Figure 19A is a structural schematic diagram of the headrest 100 provided in this application in some embodiments; Figure 19B is a structural schematic diagram of the headrest 100 shown in Figure 19A from another perspective; Figure 20 is a partial structural exploded schematic diagram of the headrest 100 shown in Figure 19A in some embodiments; and Figure 21 is a structural schematic diagram of the headrest 100 shown in Figure 20 from another perspective.

[0258] In some embodiments, the pillow body 20 may include a first pillow shell 204 and a second pillow shell 205. The first pillow shell 204 is mounted on the second pillow shell 205, forming an installation space 206. The first pillow shell 204 may have an installation hole 2041, which communicates with the installation space 206. The speaker module 10 is located within the installation space 206 and is mounted in the installation hole 2041. The first sound outlet 111 and the second sound outlet 112 in the speaker module 10 are both exposed through the installation hole 2041.

[0259] In this embodiment, the design of the first pillow shell 204 and the second pillow shell 205 of the pillow body 20 provides outer casing protection for the speaker module 10. Specifically, the surface of the first pillow shell 204 with the mounting hole 2041 forms a third radiating surface 2042, and the surface of the second pillow shell 205 facing away from the first pillow shell 204 forms a fourth radiating surface 2051. The speaker module 10 achieves directional sound output via the third radiating surface 2042 and achieves mid-to-low frequency sound output and cancels out mid-to-low frequency sound output via the fourth radiating surface 2051.

[0260] For example, the second pillowcase 205 may include a first sub-shell 2052, a second sub-shell 2053, and a third sub-shell 2054 connected in sequence. The first sub-shell 2052 and the third sub-shell 2054 may both extend relative to the second sub-shell 2053 toward the first pillowcase 204. The end of the first sub-shell 2052 away from the second sub-shell 2053 is connected to the first pillowcase 204. The end of the third sub-shell 2054 away from the second sub-shell 2053 is connected to the first pillowcase 204. The second pillowcase 205 has a fourth sound outlet 2055.

[0261] In this embodiment, by providing a fourth sound outlet 2055 in the second pillow shell 205, it is beneficial for the speaker module 10 to achieve mid-to-low frequency sound output through the fourth sound outlet 2055. Furthermore, by adjusting the position of the fourth sound outlet 2055, the optimal sound insulation zone on the back of the headrest 100 can be adjusted.

[0262] In some examples, the fourth sound outlet 2055 may be located in the second sub-shell 2053. Since the second sub-shell 2053 is located in the middle of the second pillow shell 205, the low-to-mid-frequency sound output of the speaker module 10 is silenced on the side of the second sub-shell 2053 facing away from the speaker module 10, thereby achieving optimal sound insulation at the rear of the headrest 100.

[0263] In other examples, the fourth sound outlet 2055 can be located in the first sub-shell 2052 or the third sub-shell 2054. Since both the first sub-shell 2052 and the third sub-shell 2054 are located on the side of the second pillow shell 205, the sound output of the speaker module 10 in the mid-to-low frequencies is silenced at the rear side of the headrest 100, thus achieving the best sound insulation effect at the rear side of the headrest 100.

[0264] In some other examples, the fourth sound outlet 2055 can be located on at least two sides of the first sub-shell 2052, the second sub-shell 2053 and the third sub-shell 2054, so that the speaker module 10 can achieve sound damping at multiple locations behind the headrest 100, and can achieve sound insulation at multiple locations. Although the sound insulation effect is not as good as the two examples mentioned above, it can expand the sound insulation area to a certain extent.

[0265] The headrest 100 may also include a third acoustic resist (not shown in the figure), which may be disposed at the fourth sound outlet 2055 and cover the fourth sound outlet 2055.

[0266] In this embodiment, the amplitude and phase of the low-frequency sound output from the speaker module 10 via the fourth sound outlet 2055 are adjusted by the third acoustic resistor. This allows the low-frequency sound output from the speaker module 10 via the mounting hole 2041 to better cancel out the sound output from the speaker module 10 via the fourth sound outlet 2055 when it reaches the rear of the headrest 100. This achieves low-frequency noise reduction of the speaker module 10 at the rear, thereby improving the directivity of the speaker module 10 in the low-frequency range and enhancing the sound insulation effect of the speaker module 10 in the low-frequency range.

[0267] It should be noted that the third acoustic resistive element may include at least some of the features of the first acoustic resistive element 4. In addition, the third acoustic resistive element may be adaptively adjusted according to the size of the fourth sound outlet 2055 and the space between the fourth sound outlet 2055 and the speaker module 10.

[0268] The headrest 100 may also include a fourth acoustic resistive element (not shown in the figure), which is disposed in the mounting hole 2041 and covers the first sound outlet hole 111.

[0269] In this embodiment, the amplitude and phase of the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the first sound outlet 111 are adjusted by the fourth acoustic resistor so that when the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the first sound outlet 111 reaches the rear side of the speaker module 10, it can better cancel out the sound emitted by the first speaker 2 through the fourth sound outlet 2055. This achieves low-to-mid frequency noise reduction of the speaker module 10 at the rear, thereby improving the directivity of the speaker module 10 in the low-to-mid frequency range and enhancing the sound insulation effect of the speaker module 10 in the low-to-mid frequency range.

[0270] It should be noted that the fourth acoustic resistive element may include at least some of the features of the first acoustic resistive element 4. In addition, the fourth acoustic resistive element may be adaptively adjusted according to the size of the first sound outlet 111 and the space between the first sound outlet 111 and the first speaker 2.

[0271] For example, the periphery of the speaker module 10 is provided with a plurality of first threaded holes, and the surface of the first pillow shell 204 facing the second pillow shell 205 can be provided with a plurality of second threaded holes, with the first threaded holes and the second threaded holes being provided in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0272] In this embodiment, the speaker module 10 can be installed through the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole, which not only enables detachable installation but also improves the installation stability of the speaker module 10.

[0273] In some other embodiments, the speaker module 10 may also be installed on the first pillow shell 204 in other ways, such as snap-fit, pin connection, etc., which are not limited here.

[0274] In some embodiments, the headrest 100 may further include a connecting rod 30, a portion of which is installed within the mounting space 206, and the remaining portion protruding from one side of the headrest body 20. The second housing 15 of the speaker module 10 is provided with a clearance structure 156, through which a portion of the connecting rod 30 passes.

[0275] In this embodiment, by providing an abutment structure 156 on the second shell 15 of the speaker module 10, interference with the installation of the connecting rod 30 can be reduced, thereby avoiding impact on the mechanical structure of the headrest 100 itself. The connecting rod 30 enables detachable connection between the headrest 100 and other structures, improving the installation flexibility of the headrest 100 and allowing for different installations to meet various scenario requirements. For example, the orientation of the headrest 100 can be adjusted according to different sound directionality requirements.

[0276] Please refer to Figures 17, 18 and 22. Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the spacing between the two speaker modules 10 in the headrest 100 shown in Figure 19A.

[0277] In some embodiments, the center-to-center distance (refer to d1 in Figure 22) between the second speaker 3 of one speaker module 10 and the second speaker 3 of another speaker module 10 is greater than or equal to 150 mm. For example, the value of d1 can be, but is not limited to, 150 mm, or 152 mm, or 154 mm, or 156 mm, or 158 mm, or 160 mm, or 165 mm, or other values ​​greater than 150 mm.

[0278] In this embodiment, by designing the spacing between the two second speakers 3 to satisfy the above relationship, the user's head is prevented from blocking the sound output of the second speaker 3 when the user leans on the headrest 100, thereby avoiding interference with the sound output of the second speaker 3, which is beneficial to improving the sound output effect of the second speaker 3, and thus improving the overall sound output effect of the speaker module 10.

[0279] In some embodiments, the center-to-center distance (refer to d2 in Figure 22) between the first speaker 2 of one speaker module 10 and the first speaker 2 of another speaker module 10 is greater than or equal to 120 mm. For example, the value of d2 can be, but is not limited to, 120 mm, or 122 mm, or 124 mm, or 126 mm, or 128 mm, or 130 mm, or 135 mm, or other values ​​greater than 120 mm.

[0280] In this embodiment, the spacing between the two first speakers 2 is designed to satisfy the above relationship, so as to avoid the user's head blocking the sound output of the first speaker 2 when the user leans on the headrest 100, thereby avoiding interference with the sound output of the first speaker 2 and improving the sound output effect of the first speaker 2, thus improving the overall sound output effect of the speaker module 10. Since the sound output surface of the first speaker 2 is larger than that of the second speaker 3, i.e., the first speaker 2 has a larger size, the center-to-center spacing between the two first speakers 2 can be smaller than the center-to-center spacing between the two second speakers 3, as long as it avoids the entire surface of the first speaker 2 being blocked.

[0281] In addition, in some embodiments, the headrest 100 is not a block structure, but has an arc-shaped structure on both sides, and the top side of the headrest 100 is narrower than the bottom side. Therefore, by placing the second speaker 3 closer to the top side of the headrest 100 than the first speaker 2, it is beneficial to fit the shape design of the headrest 100.

[0282] In addition, in order to avoid the first speaker 2 being too large and interfering with the shape design of the headrest 100, the two first speakers 2 can be designed to be close to each other. That is, in the same speaker module 10, the line connecting the center of the first speaker 2 and the center of the second speaker 3 is deflected toward the other speaker module 10.

[0283] The speaker module 10 can also be applied to the seat 1000. Please refer to Figures 23 and 24. Figure 23 is a structural schematic diagram of the seat 1000 provided in this application in some embodiments; Figure 24 is a structural schematic diagram of the seat 1000 provided in this application in other embodiments.

[0284] In some embodiments, the seat 1000 may include a seat body 200 and a speaker module 10. The seat body 200 may include a chair back 2001 and a headrest body 20, with the headrest body 20 mounted on the chair back 2001, and the speaker module 10 may be mounted in the headrest body 20 and / or the chair back 2001.

[0285] In this embodiment, the installation position of the speaker module 10 can be selected according to the actual application of the seat 1000 to achieve different directional sound output effects and sound insulation effects. Specifically, when the speaker module 10 is installed in the pillow body 20, the headrest 100 solution provided in any of the aforementioned embodiments can be achieved, improving the user's auditory experience. When the speaker module 10 is installed in the chair body 2001, it can provide the user with a novel sound output method. When the speaker module 10 is installed in both the pillow body 20 and the chair body 2001, it can provide the user with multi-directional sound sources, and all of these sound sources are directional towards the user, providing a superior sound effect.

[0286] Please refer to Figures 25 and 26. Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the sound output of the seat 1000 provided in this application in some scenarios; Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the sound output of the seat 1000 provided in this application in other scenarios.

[0287] In some embodiments, there may be two seat bodies 200, which are spaced apart from each other. The speaker module 10 may be installed in the headrest body 20 of the seat body 200 located on the front side, and achieve directional sound output towards the front.

[0288] In this embodiment, the speaker module 10 achieves directional sound output towards the front, which can provide good directional sound output for the user sitting in the front seat body 200, improve the listening experience of the user in the front, and since the directional sound output of the speaker module 10 can reduce or even eliminate the sound propagation to the user in the back, it can not only provide good privacy for the user in the front, but also avoid the sound from the front from interfering with the user in the back, achieving a win-win effect of improving sound effect and isolating the sound field between the users in the front and back.

[0289] In other embodiments, the front seat body 200 may be equipped with an electronic device 2000, and a speaker module 10 is installed in the electronic device 2000 to achieve directional sound output towards the rear.

[0290] In this embodiment, the speaker module 10 achieves directional sound output towards the rear, which can provide good directional sound output for the user sitting in the rear seat body 200, improve the listening experience of the user in the rear, and since the directional sound output of the speaker module 10 can reduce or even eliminate the sound propagation to the user in front, it can not only provide a good sound output experience for the user in the rear, but also avoid the sound from the rear from interfering with the user in front.

[0291] Among them, the electronic device 2000 can be a tablet computer, a speaker or other device capable of playing sound, and can provide sound playback services to users at the rear.

[0292] In some other embodiments, the number of speaker modules 10 may be two, one of which may be mounted on the front seat 1000 to provide directional sound output to the front, and the other may be mounted on the electronic device 2000 to provide directional sound output to the rear.

[0293] In this embodiment, by using two speaker modules 10 with opposite sound output directions, directional sound can be provided to users on the front and back sides simultaneously. This not only improves the listening experience of users on both sides, but also reduces mutual interference between the sound outputs on both sides, achieving a win-win effect of improving sound effects and isolating the sound field for users on the front and back sides.

[0294] The speaker module 10 can also be applied to the cockpit 4000. Please refer to Figure 27, which is a structural schematic diagram of the cockpit 4000 provided in this application in some embodiments.

[0295] In some embodiments, the cockpit 4000 may include a cabin body 3000 and a speaker module 10. By placing speakers at any location in the cabin body 3000 and utilizing the directional sound output of the speaker module 10, directional sound output is provided within the cockpit 4000, thereby improving the sound effects in a specific area.

[0296] For example, the cockpit 4000 may include a seat 1000, which is installed within the cabin body 3000. The seat 1000 can be any of the seats described in the above embodiments, providing directional sound output to the user seated within the cockpit 4000, thereby achieving a better auditory experience. As in the previous embodiments, the speaker module 10 is disposed on the seat body 200, providing directional sound output towards the front, thus providing directional sound output and privacy to the user located in front of the seat body 200, and also providing directional sound output towards the rear, thus providing directional sound output and privacy to the user located behind the seat body 200.

[0297] The cockpit 4000 may also include an intelligent sensing system (not shown in the figure), which may include sensors such as cameras, radar, and ultrasonic sensors to monitor the status of users and the environment inside the cockpit 4000.

[0298] The cockpit 4000 may also include an intelligent control system (not shown in the figure). The intelligent control system can receive data from the intelligent sensing system, analyze and process the data, and issue commands to control each actuator.

[0299] The cockpit 4000 may also include a human-machine interaction system (not shown in the figure), which may include an LCD instrument panel, head-up display, central control screen, voice recognition, etc., to realize information interaction between the user and the cockpit 4000.

[0300] The cabin 4000 may also include an air conditioning system (not shown in the figure), which can automatically adjust the temperature and humidity inside the cabin 4000 according to the needs of passengers.

[0301] The cockpit 4000 may also include an entertainment system (not shown in the picture), which can provide entertainment functions such as music and video.

[0302] The cockpit 4000 may also include a communication system (not shown in the figure), which can support various communication methods such as vehicle networking and the Internet to achieve information sharing and remote control.

[0303] It should be noted that the cockpit 4000 provided in this application may include more or fewer of the above-mentioned components, and the specific composition of the cockpit 4000 is not limited herein.

[0304] The speaker module 10 can also be applied to the vehicle 6000. Please refer to Figure 28, which is a structural schematic diagram of the vehicle 6000 provided in this application in some embodiments.

[0305] In some embodiments, the vehicle 6000 can be a vehicle, ship, airplane, or other vehicle equipped with a loudspeaker. This application uses a vehicle as an illustrative example. The vehicle can be, but is not limited to, a sedan, multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), sport / suburban utility vehicle (SUV), off-road vehicle (ORV), pickup truck, van, bus, truck, etc.

[0306] For example, the vehicle 6000 may include a vehicle 5000 and a speaker module 10. The speaker module 10 may be installed at different locations on the vehicle 5000 to achieve different directional sound effects.

[0307] In some examples, the speaker module 10 can be mounted on the vehicle 5000 to provide directional sound output towards the outside of the vehicle 5000. This not only improves the outward amplification effect of the vehicle 6000 but also reduces sound propagating into the vehicle 5000, thereby reducing external noise and improving the user experience. For example, using the speaker module 10 for horn blasting can improve the horn blasting effect and reduce the noise from the vehicle 6000's own horn blasting from disturbing users inside the vehicle 6000.

[0308] In other examples, the speaker module 10 can be mounted on the vehicle 5000 to provide directional sound output toward the inside of the vehicle 5000, thereby improving the sound output effect of the vehicle 6000 toward the inside and providing users with a better sound atmosphere.

[0309] In some embodiments, the vehicle 6000 may also include the cabin 4000 in any of the foregoing embodiments to achieve the sound output effect that the cabin 4000 can achieve, thereby improving the user experience of the vehicle 6000 by enhancing the user's auditory experience and privacy experience.

[0310] In some embodiments, the vehicle 6000 may also include only the seat 1000 in any of the foregoing embodiments to achieve the sound output effect that the seat 1000 can achieve, thereby improving the user experience of the vehicle 6000 by enhancing the user's auditory experience and privacy experience.

[0311] Next, the directivity of the speaker module provided in the embodiments of this application will be tested and verified.

[0312] In this application, the physical isolation of the loudspeaker is used for directivity evaluation. The physical isolation of a loudspeaker refers to the average difference in sound pressure level between the free-field front test and the free-field rear test within the target frequency band when the loudspeaker is tested in an anechoic chamber. Physical isolation can be used to measure the proportion of sound energy that leaks forward and backward (or in other directions) when the loudspeaker is emitting sound, thereby evaluating the loudspeaker's directivity and sound insulation performance.

[0313] Specifically, the isolation test requires the following steps:

[0314] The first step is to conduct a free-field pre-test of the loudspeakers:

[0315] Test conditions: In an anechoic chamber, ensure that the loudspeaker is in a free field condition, that is, the sound is not subject to significant reflection or interference during propagation.

[0316] Test location: Place the test microphone 0.1 meters away from the speaker axis, and the speaker is emitting sound at a power of 1W.

[0317] Test content: Measure and record the sound pressure level frequency response curve A1 under this condition.

[0318] The second step is to conduct a free-field test on the loudspeaker:

[0319] Test conditions: In an anechoic chamber, ensure the module is in a free field, and place the test microphone at the center of the damping material behind the speaker.

[0320] Test location: Place the test microphone 0.5 meters away from the speaker (the specific location can be adjusted according to the actual situation to ensure accurate measurement of the rear sound pressure), and the speaker also emits sound at a power of 1W.

[0321] Test content: Measure and record the sound pressure level frequency response curve A2 under this condition.

[0322] The third step is to calculate the physical isolation:

[0323] The difference curve between the sound pressure level frequency response curve A1 and the sound pressure level frequency response curve A2 is calculated. The difference curve is then processed to obtain the physical isolation of the loudspeaker in different frequency bands. The larger the absolute value of the difference, the better the directivity of the loudspeaker and the better the sound insulation effect achieved.

[0324] First group of physical isolation tests

[0325] Please refer to Figure 29, which shows the physical isolation curves obtained from the first set of physical isolation tests.

[0326] Example 1-1 provides a speaker module according to this application, wherein the speaker module includes two circuit paths, wherein path one is a first speaker connected in series with an inductor, and path two is a second speaker connected in series with a capacitor, and path one and path two are connected in parallel. The first speaker is a full-range speaker, and the second speaker is a high-frequency speaker. An opening is provided on the rear side of the speaker module housing, and is filled and covered by a first acoustic resistor, wherein the air volume inside the housing is 0.3L.

[0327] Examples 1-2 provide a prior art speaker module, wherein the speaker module includes two circuit paths, path one being a full-range speaker and path two being a high-frequency speaker, and path one and path two are connected in parallel. The speaker module housing has an opening on the rear side, which is filled and covered by a first acoustic resistor, wherein the air volume inside the housing is 0.3L. Examples 1-2 are conventional passive cardioid speaker modules.

[0328] Comparative Example 1 provides another speaker module in the prior art, wherein the speaker module includes two circuit paths, wherein path one is a full-range speaker connected in series with an inductor, and path two is a high-frequency speaker connected in series with a capacitor, and path one and path two are connected in parallel. The speaker module is enclosed in a housing, and the air volume inside the housing is 0.3L. The speaker module in Comparative Example 1 is a conventional closed-box speaker module.

[0329] Please refer to Figure 29 and Table 1 for the test results. Table 1 shows the physical isolation results of the first group of physical isolation tests in different frequency bands.

[0330] Table 1

[0331] In Figure 29, the horizontal axis represents the sound field frequency, with a maximum value of 20kHz, and the vertical axis represents the sound pressure level (SPL). The curves are obtained by subtracting the sound pressure level frequency response curve A1 from the SPL frequency response curve A2. The three curves correspond to the test results of different embodiments. Curve a represents the test results of Embodiment 1-1, curve b represents the test results of Embodiment 1-2, and curve c represents the test results of Comparative Example 1. The larger the absolute value of the SPL corresponding to the curve, the better the directivity of the speaker module towards the front field. By calculating the absolute value of the physical isolation in different frequency bands and their average value, the results are shown in Table 1 above. The isolation in Table 1 is the average physical isolation within the corresponding frequency band.

[0332] As can be seen from Figure 29 and Table 1, although the physical isolation of the traditional passive cardioid speaker module in Examples 1-2 is significantly improved compared with the conventional closed-box speaker module in the low-frequency band below 1kHz, the isolation is actually worse than that of the conventional closed-box speaker module in the mid-frequency band above 1kHz, especially in the range of 1kHz to 5kHz.

[0333] The speaker module provided in this application in Embodiment 1-1 can improve the physical isolation in the low-frequency band below 1kHz while ensuring the high directivity advantage in the mid-to-high frequencies.

[0334] Second group of physical isolation tests

[0335] Example 2 provides a speaker module according to this application, wherein the speaker module includes two circuit paths, path one including a first speaker and path two including a second speaker, and path one and path two are connected in parallel. The first speaker is a mid-low frequency speaker with a cutoff frequency of 2kHz, and the second speaker is a high frequency speaker with a resonant frequency of 1300Hz. An opening is provided on the rear side of the speaker module housing, and is filled and covered by a first acoustic resistor, wherein the air volume inside the housing is 0.3L.

[0336] Comparative Example 2 provides a prior art speaker module, wherein the speaker module includes two circuit paths, wherein path one is a mid-low frequency speaker with a cutoff frequency of 2kHz, and path two is a high frequency speaker with a resonant frequency of 1300Hz, and path one and path two are connected in parallel. The speaker module is enclosed in a housing, and the air volume inside the housing is 0.3L. The speaker module in Comparative Example 2 is a conventional closed-box speaker module.

[0337] Please refer to Table 2 for the test results. Table 2 shows the physical isolation results of the second group of physical isolation tests at different frequency bands.

[0338] Table 2

[0339] As can be seen from Table 2, compared with Comparative Example 2, the speaker module provided in this application also achieves improved physical isolation in the low-frequency range below 1kHz while maintaining the high directivity advantage in the mid-to-high frequencies. Therefore, by optimizing the cutoff frequency or coil inductance value of the first speaker and the resonant frequency of the second speaker in the speaker module provided in Example 2, the dependence of the speaker module on external capacitors and inductors can be eliminated, simplifying the design of the speaker module.

[0340] Third group of physical isolation tests

[0341] Example 3 provides a headrest according to this application, wherein the speaker module from Example 2 is installed in the headrest body. The headrest has two radiating surfaces, front and back.

[0342] Comparative Example 3 provides the speaker module of Comparative Example 2, which is installed into the headrest body. The headrest has two radiating surfaces, front and back.

[0343] Please refer to Table 3 for the test results. Table 3 shows the physical isolation results of the third group of physical isolation tests at different frequency bands.

[0344] Table 3

[0345] As can be seen from Table 3, compared with Comparative Example 3, the speaker module provided in this application, when applied to a headrest, also achieves improved physical isolation in the low-frequency band below 1kHz, while ensuring the high directivity advantage in the mid-to-high frequencies.

[0346] In summary, based on the three sets of physical isolation tests, it can be concluded that the speaker module provided in this application can achieve directivity in the mid-low frequency range while also ensuring directivity in the high frequency range. Therefore, the speaker module provided in this application can achieve sound output directivity across the entire frequency range, thus optimizing the sound output effect.

[0347] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of this application. That is to say, the multiple embodiments described above can also be arbitrarily combined according to actual needs.

[0348] It should be noted that all the above figures are exemplary illustrations of this application and do not represent the actual size of the product. Furthermore, the dimensional proportions between the components in the figures are not intended to limit the actual product of this application.

[0349] The above are merely some embodiments and implementation methods of this application. The scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker module (10), characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), a first speaker (2), a second speaker (3), and a first acoustic resistor (4); The housing (1) encloses a receiving space (13). The housing (1) is provided with a first sound outlet (111), a second sound outlet (112), and a third sound outlet (121) spaced apart. The first sound outlet (111), the second sound outlet (112), and the third sound outlet (121) are all connected to the receiving space (13). The first sound outlet (111) and the second sound outlet (112) face the same side, and the third sound outlet (121) faces a different side from the first sound outlet (111). The first loudspeaker (2) includes a first frame (22) and a first diaphragm (23). The first diaphragm (23) is mounted on the first frame (22). The first diaphragm (23) includes a first surface (231) and a second surface (232). The second surface (232) and the first frame (22) enclose a first space (24). The first frame (22) is provided with a connecting hole (21), which connects to the first space (24). The first speaker (2) is located in the receiving space (13) and installed in the housing (1). The first surface (231) faces the first sound outlet (111) and isolates the first sound outlet (111) from the receiving space (13). The connecting hole (21) connects the receiving space (13). The second loudspeaker (3) includes a second frame (31) and a second diaphragm (32). The second diaphragm (32) is mounted on the second frame (31). The second diaphragm (32) includes a third surface (321) and a fourth surface (322). The fourth surface (322) and the second frame (31) enclose a second space (33). The second space (33) is a closed space. The second speaker (3) is located in the receiving space (13) and installed in the housing (1). The third surface (321) faces the second sound outlet (112) and isolates the second sound outlet (112) from the receiving space (13). The second speaker (3) is arranged in parallel with the first speaker (2). The first acoustic resistive element (4) is disposed on the third sound outlet (121) and covers the third sound outlet (121).

2. The speaker module (10) as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The speaker module (10) also includes a signal interface (5) and a low-pass filter (6); The signal interface (5) is used to connect an external signal circuit to receive sound signals; The low-pass filter (6) is electrically connected between the first speaker (2) and the signal interface (5) to filter the sound signal input through the signal interface (5).

3. The speaker module (10) as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The low-pass filter (6) is an inductor, and the value of the inductor is L1 = RL / (2π*f), where RL is the impedance of the first speaker (2) and f is the cutoff frequency.

4. The speaker module (10) as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The speaker module (10) also includes a high-pass filter (7), which is electrically connected between the second speaker (3) and the signal interface (5). The high-pass filter (7) is used to filter the sound signal input through the signal interface (5).

5. The speaker module (10) as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The high-pass filter (7) is a capacitor with a capacitance value C1 = 1 / (2π*RH*f), where RH is the impedance of the second speaker (3) and f is the cutoff frequency.

6. The speaker module (10) as described in claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, The cutoff frequency f is in the range of 500 Hz to 4 kHz.

7. The speaker module (10) as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The housing (1) includes a first housing (14) and a second housing (15), the second housing (15) being installed on the first housing (14) and enclosing to form the receiving space (13); The first sound outlet (111) and the second sound outlet (112) are both disposed in the first shell (14), and the first speaker (2) and the second speaker (3) are both mounted in the first shell (14); The third sound outlet (121) is disposed on the second shell (15).

8. The speaker module (10) as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first shell (14) includes a bottom shell (141) and a plurality of side shells (142). The plurality of side shells (142) are connected to the periphery of the bottom shell (141) and extend toward the second shell (15). The end of the side shell (142) away from the bottom shell (141) is connected to the second shell (15). The first sound outlet (111) and the second sound outlet (112) are both located on the bottom shell (141).

9. The speaker module (10) as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The second shell (15) includes a first wall (152), a second wall (153), and a third wall (154) connected in sequence. The first wall (152) and the third wall (154) both extend toward the first shell (14) relative to the second wall (153). The end of the first wall (152) away from the second wall (153) is connected to the first shell (14), and the end of the third wall (154) away from the second wall (153) is connected to the first shell (14). The third sound hole (121) is disposed in at least one of the first wall (152), the second wall (153), and the third wall (154).

10. The loudspeaker module (10) as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The total opening area of ​​the third sound outlet (121) is 500 mm². 2 Up to 4000mm 2 Within the range.

11. The loudspeaker module (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The air volume V in the containment space (13) satisfies: V≥0.15L.

12. The loudspeaker module (10) as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The flow resistance R of the first acoustic resistive element (4) satisfies: 1 / (C enclosure )*10 -5 Pa.s / m 3 <R<1 / (C enclosure )*10 -2 Pa.s / m 3 , where C enclosure =V / (ρc) 2 V is the volume of air in the containment space (13), ρ is the air density in the containment space (13), and c is the speed of sound in the containment space (13).

13. The loudspeaker module (10) as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The material of the first acoustic resistive element (4) includes at least one of polyester fiber, porous polyurethane, and rock wool.

14. The loudspeaker module (10) as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The speaker module (10) further includes a second acoustic resistive element (8), which is disposed at the first sound outlet (111) and covers the first sound outlet (111).

15. The speaker module (10) as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The loudspeaker module (10) further includes a waveguide (9), which is disposed between the second sound outlet (112) and the third surface (321) to guide the sound output of the second loudspeaker (3) to the second sound outlet (112).

16. A headrest (100), characterized in that, It includes a pillow body (20) and a speaker module (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15, the speaker module (10) being mounted on the pillow body (20).

17. The headrest (100) as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that, The pillow body (20) includes a first pillow shell (204) and a second pillow shell (205). The first pillow shell (204) is installed on the second pillow shell (205) and forms an installation space (206). The first pillow shell (204) has an installation hole (2041) that communicates with the installation space (206). The speaker module (10) is located in the mounting space (206) and is installed in the mounting hole (2041). The first sound outlet (111) and the second sound outlet (112) in the speaker module (10) are both exposed through the mounting hole (2041).

18. The headrest (100) as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, The second pillow shell (205) includes a first sub-shell (2052), a second sub-shell (2053), and a third sub-shell (2054) connected in sequence. The first sub-shell (2052) and the third sub-shell (2054) both extend toward the first pillow shell (204) relative to the second sub-shell (2053). The end of the first sub-shell (2052) away from the second sub-shell (2053) is connected to the first pillow shell (204), and the end of the third sub-shell (2054) away from the second sub-shell (2053) is connected to the first pillow shell (204). The second pillow shell (205) has a fourth sound outlet (2055), which is disposed in at least one of the first sub-shell (2052), the second sub-shell (2053) and the third sub-shell (2054).

19. The headrest (100) as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that, The headrest (100) also includes a third acoustic damper, which is disposed on the fourth sound outlet (2055) and covers the fourth sound outlet (2055).

20. The headrest (100) as described in any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that, The headrest (100) also includes a fourth acoustic damper, which is disposed in the mounting hole (2041) and covers the first sound outlet hole (111).

21. The headrest (100) as described in any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that, The pillow body (20) includes a backing area (201), a first sound output area (202) and a second sound output area (203), wherein the first sound output area (202) and the second sound output area (203) are located on opposite sides of the backing area (201); The number of speaker modules (10) is two, one of which is installed in the first sound output area (202) and the other is installed in the second sound output area (203).

22. The headrest (100) as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that, In the two speaker modules (10), the center distance between the first speaker (2) of one speaker module (10) and the first speaker (2) of the other speaker module (10) is greater than or equal to 120mm; And / or, in the two speaker modules (10), the center distance between the second speaker (3) of one speaker module (10) and the second speaker (3) of the other speaker module (10) is greater than or equal to 150 mm.

23. A seat (1000), characterized in that, The system includes a seat body (200) and a speaker module (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the seat body (200) includes a connected chair body (2001) and a pillow body (20), and the speaker module (10) is mounted on the chair body (2001); Alternatively, it may include a chair body (2001) and a headrest (100) as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 22, the headrest (100) being mounted on the chair body (2001).

24. A cockpit (4000), characterized in that, Includes a housing (3000) and a speaker module (10) as described in any one of claims 1 to 15, the speaker module (10) being installed within the housing (3000); Alternatively, it may include a cabin (3000) and a seat (1000) as described in claim 23, the seat (1000) being installed within the cabin (3000).

25. A means of transportation (6000), characterized in that, Includes a carrier (5000) and a speaker module (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15, the speaker module (10) being mounted on the carrier (5000); Alternatively, it may include a vehicle (5000) and a seat (1000) as described in claim 23, the seat (1000) being mounted within the vehicle (5000); Alternatively, it may include a vehicle (5000) and a cockpit (4000) as described in claim 24, the cockpit (4000) being installed within the vehicle (5000).

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