Fairing opening and closing mechanism

Abstract

Provided in the present application is a fairing opening and closing mechanism, comprising: a support plate; a rotating arm mechanism, which is connected to both the support plate and a fairing, and is provided with a pushing member; a main power mechanism, comprising a first adapter seat rotatably connected to the support plate and an electric driving member mounted on the support plate, so as to drive the first adapter seat to rotate, wherein a guide slot is provided in the first adapter seat, and the pushing member is slidably arranged in the guide slot; and an auxiliary power mechanism, comprising a second adapter seat and a gas spring, wherein the gas spring is hinged between the support plate and the second adapter seat, and the second adapter seat is rotatably connected to the support plate and is fixedly connected to the pushing member. During the automatic opening and closing process of the fairing, the main power mechanism and the auxiliary power mechanism drive the movement of the rotating arm mechanism in stages, thus providing power therefor.

Description

fairing opening and closing mechanism

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2025100415154, filed on January 10, 2025, entitled "A Deflector Opening and Closing Mechanism", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application belongs to the field of rail vehicle technology, and in particular relates to a fairing opening and closing mechanism. Background Technology

[0003] In the design of modern rail trains, in order to protect the couplers and other equipment inside the train, a fairing is usually installed, and its opening and closing status is controlled by an opening and closing mechanism. This ensures that the fairing is in the closed position when the train is running alone, and in the open position when the train needs emergency rescue or coupling, so that the coupler can extend and engage.

[0004] To ensure the reliability of emergency rescue operations, rail vehicles typically use cylinders as the power source for their opening and closing mechanisms. However, some trains, such as trams, cannot provide air to the front-end opening and closing mechanisms, which are currently still operated manually. Manually operated mechanisms require personnel to get off the train and manually operate the deflector, which is not only laborious and inefficient, but also poses safety hazards as personnel must contact the bottom of the train during operation. In certain special scenarios, such as inclement weather or complex operating environments, the inconvenience of manual operation is even more pronounced.

[0005] In existing technologies, for trains that cannot provide an air supply to the front-end opening and closing mechanism, automatic opening and closing can only be achieved using an electric cylinder as the driving device. However, unlike a pneumatic cylinder, which can freely extend and retract even in the absence of airflow, an electric cylinder cannot extend or retract freely when there is no power, requiring manual operation using a special tool at the rear of the electric cylinder. However, because the fairing of this type of train is too close to the ground when closed, operators cannot observe or touch the electric cylinder inside the opening and closing mechanism, making manual extension and retraction impossible. In the event of a power outage or electric cylinder malfunction requiring emergency rescue, the fairing of the opening and closing mechanism cannot open, and the train coupler cannot extend and engage, making emergency rescue impossible and seriously affecting the safe operation of the train. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address at least one problem existing in the prior art, this application provides a fairing opening and closing mechanism.

[0007] The fairing opening and closing mechanism includes:

[0008] Support plate, fixedly installed on the train body;

[0009] The swing arm mechanism has its first end connected to the support plate and its second end connected to the guide fairing; the swing arm mechanism is equipped with a pusher.

[0010] The main power mechanism includes a first adapter and an electric drive component; wherein, the first adapter is rotatably connected to a support plate; the electric drive component is mounted on the support plate, and its power output end is hinged to the first adapter to drive the first adapter to rotate; the first adapter is provided with a guide groove, and the pusher is slidably disposed in the guide groove;

[0011] The auxiliary power mechanism includes a second adapter and a gas spring; the first end of the gas spring is mounted on the support plate, and its second end is hinged to the second adapter; the second adapter is rotatably connected to the support plate and fixedly connected to the pusher.

[0012] During the automatic opening and closing of the fairing, the main power mechanism and the auxiliary power mechanism drive the rotating arm mechanism to move in stages, thereby providing the fairing with motion power.

[0013] In one embodiment, both the first adapter and the second adapter are connected to the support plate via a rotating shaft, and the two rotate synchronously.

[0014] In one embodiment, in the main power mechanism, the guide groove is an arc-shaped elongated strip with a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other; the first end of the guide groove is closer to the electric drive component and farther away from the fairing than its second end.

[0015] In the auxiliary power mechanism, the second adapter has a first side and a second side at an angle, the gas spring is hinged to the first side, and the pusher of the rotating arm mechanism is fixedly connected to the second side; the first side is closer to the gas spring and further away from the fairing than the second side.

[0016] In one embodiment, when the deflector is in the closed state, the gas spring continuously provides a closing driving force to the deflector through the rotating arm mechanism, and the pusher is located at the first end of the guide groove; when the deflector is in the open state, the gas spring continuously provides an opening driving force to the deflector through the rotating arm mechanism, and the pusher is located at the second end of the guide groove.

[0017] In one embodiment, during the automatic opening process of the fairing, it sequentially passes through a closed position, a middle position, and an open position;

[0018] During the process of the fairing moving from the closed position to the middle position, the power output end of the electric drive unit extends out and drives the first adapter to rotate in the first direction. The pusher is located at the first end of the guide groove and rotates with the first adapter under the push of the guide groove, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism to move and providing the opening driving force for the fairing, so that the fairing moves to the middle position.

[0019] During the process of the fairing moving from the middle position to the open position, the electric drive component remains unchanged. The gas spring passes the mechanical critical point and continues to provide the opening driving force for the fairing through the rotating arm mechanism, so that the fairing continues to move to the open position. During this process, the pusher slides from the first end to the second end in the guide groove.

[0020] In one embodiment, during the automatic closing process of the fairing, it sequentially passes through an open position, a middle position, and a closed position;

[0021] During the process of the fairing moving from the open position to the middle position, the power output end of the electric drive component retracts, driving the first adapter to rotate in the second direction. The pusher is located at the second end of the guide groove and rotates with the first adapter under the push of the guide groove, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism to move and providing the fairing with the closing driving force, so that the fairing moves to the middle position.

[0022] During the process of the fairing moving from the middle position to the closed position, the electric drive component remains unchanged. The gas spring crosses the mechanical critical point and provides the closing driving force to the fairing through the rotating arm mechanism, so that the fairing continues to move to the closed position. During this process, the pusher slides from the second end to the first end in the guide groove.

[0023] In one embodiment, during the manual opening of the aforementioned deflector, an external opening driving force is applied to the deflector to overcome the closing driving force provided by the gas spring, during which the pusher slides from the first end of the guide groove to the second end.

[0024] In one embodiment, the rotating arm mechanism includes a first rotating arm and a connecting member. A first end of the first rotating arm is hinged to a support plate, and a second end of the first rotating arm is hinged to the connecting member. The end of the connecting member away from the first rotating arm is connected to a flow guide. A pusher is disposed on the first rotating arm.

[0025] In one embodiment, the swing arm mechanism further includes a second swing arm, the first end of which is hinged to a support plate and the second end of which is hinged to a connector; the first swing arm and the second swing arm are arranged substantially parallel to each other.

[0026] In one embodiment, the main power mechanism and the auxiliary power mechanism are respectively disposed on both sides of the support plate. Specifically, they are located on two opposite sides of the support plate.

[0027] In one embodiment, the opening and closing mechanism further includes a transition member, through which the rotating arm mechanism is connected to the flow guide.

[0028] In one embodiment, the opening and closing mechanism further includes a locking device, which is installed at the hinge point between the power output end of the electric drive component and the first adapter seat, and includes a housing, a locking member, and an elastic member;

[0029] The housing is fixedly connected to the first adapter, the locking element is slidably disposed inside the housing, and the elastic element is sleeved outside the locking element;

[0030] The locking member has a locking position and an unlocking position inside the housing. When the locking member slides to the locking position, the locking member passes through the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive, making the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive hinged. When the locking member slides to the unlocking position, the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive are separated.

[0031] In one embodiment, the locking device includes a housing, a locking member, and a resilient member; wherein,

[0032] The housing is provided with a first hole and a second hole, wherein the first hole is closer to the power output end than the second hole;

[0033] The locking element is generally a rod, slidably disposed in the housing, having an enlarged first end; the locking element is provided with a protruding block, configured to extend into a first hole or a second hole;

[0034] The elastic element is a spring, which is sleeved on the locking element and located between the first end of the locking element and the housing, so that it can be compressed;

[0035] The second end of the locking member, which is opposite to the first end, can pass through the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive member.

[0036] When the locking block is in the first hole, the second end of the locking member reaches the power output end, connecting the first adapter and the power output end; when the locking block is in the second hole, the second end of the locking member leaves the power output end, disconnecting the first adapter and the power output end.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0038] 1. The opening and closing mechanism provided in at least one embodiment of this application is provided with two power sources: an electric drive component and a gas spring, so as to provide power for the movement of the rotating arm mechanism in stages. In the process of automatic opening or automatic closing of the deflector, the first stage is powered by the electric drive component and the second stage is powered by the gas spring, thereby realizing the automatic opening and closing of the deflector.

[0039] 2. The opening and closing mechanism provided in at least one embodiment of this application can effectively reduce the volume of the electric drive component since the electric drive component does not need to provide a power source for the entire stroke, thereby reducing the space occupied by the opening and closing mechanism at the front end of the train.

[0040] 3. The opening and closing mechanism provided in at least one embodiment of this application, by setting a first adapter seat with a guide groove, allows manual pulling of the guide fairing to move the pusher in the swing arm mechanism from the first end to the second end of the guide groove when the opening and closing mechanism is in the closed state and the electric drive component is abnormally unable to operate. This controls the rotation of the swing arm mechanism, enabling emergency operation of the opening and closing mechanism. After opening the guide fairing hatch to the middle position, the electric drive component and the swing arm mechanism can be manually separated, thereby achieving full opening of the opening and closing mechanism. This effectively solves the problem that the electric opening and closing mechanism of trams cannot be manually operated in an emergency when there is no power or the electric drive component fails.

[0041] 4. At least one embodiment of this application provides a fairing opening and closing mechanism that is structurally reliable and easy to operate, realizing the electric automatic opening and closing of the fairing hatch and providing a manual emergency operation function, thereby improving the safety of train operation and the reliability of emergency rescue. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an opening and closing mechanism according to one embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 is a top view of the opening and closing mechanism;

[0044] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the main power mechanism and the swing arm mechanism;

[0045] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line BB in Figure 3;

[0046] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary power mechanism and the swing arm mechanism;

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism when the fairing is in the closed position during the automatic opening and closing process;

[0048] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism when the fairing is in the middle position during the automatic opening and closing process;

[0049] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism when the fairing is in the open position during the automatic opening and closing process;

[0050] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism when the fairing is in the closed position during manual opening and closing;

[0051] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism when the fairing is in the middle position during manual opening and closing;

[0052] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the locking device;

[0053] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism;

[0054] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the opening and closing mechanism;

[0055] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the open state of the opening and closing mechanism;

[0056] Among them, 11 is the vehicle body, 12 is the fairing, 2 is the support plate, 3 is the swing arm mechanism, 31 is the first swing arm, 32 is the connecting piece, 33 is the pushing piece, 34 is the second swing arm, 4 is the main power mechanism, 41 is the electric drive component, 411 is the cylinder block, 412 is the power output end, 42 is the first adapter seat, 43 is the first support, 44 is the rotating shaft, 45 is the guide groove, 451 is the first end, 452 is the second end, 5 is the auxiliary power mechanism, 51 is the gas spring, 52 is the second adapter seat, 521 is the first side, 522 is the second side, 53 is the second support, 6 is the locking device, 61 is the housing, 62 is the locking piece, 63 is the elastic piece, and 7 is the adapter. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of this application are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, the elements, structures and features in one embodiment can also be beneficially incorporated into other embodiments.

[0058] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "inner", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0060] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a rotating connection, a hinged connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0061] The described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Any modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of this application without departing from the spirit of this application should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of this application.

[0062] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, one embodiment of this application provides a fairing opening and closing mechanism (hereinafter referred to as the opening and closing mechanism), which is suitable for trains that cannot provide an air source to the opening and closing mechanism at the front of the vehicle body, such as low-floor trams. The opening and closing mechanism includes a support plate 2, a swing arm mechanism 3, a main power mechanism 4, and an auxiliary power mechanism 5.

[0063] Support plate 2 is fixed to the front end of the train body 11. As a load-bearing platform, support plate 2 is used to fix the swing arm mechanism 3, the main power mechanism 4, and the auxiliary power mechanism 5 to the train body 11, thereby forming an integrated support structure. Support plate 2 is fixedly connected to the train body 11 through a reasonable installation method (such as welding, bolt connection, etc.) to ensure that the components on support plate 2 remain stable during the opening and closing of the fairing 12.

[0064] The first end of the rotating arm mechanism 3 is connected to the support plate 2, and its opposite second end is fixedly connected to the guide shield 12. A cylindrical pusher 33 is provided on the rotating arm mechanism 3.

[0065] As shown in Figure 3, the main power mechanism 4 includes a first adapter 42 and an electric drive component 41. The first adapter 42 is rotatably connected to the support plate 2 via a rotating shaft 44 and can rotate around this shaft. The electric drive component 41 is an electric cylinder; its cylinder body 411 is fixedly mounted to the support plate 2 via a first support 43, and its power output end 412 is hinged to the first adapter 42 to drive the first adapter 42 to rotate around the rotating shaft 44. The first adapter 42 is provided with an arc-shaped, extending guide groove 45, which includes a first end 451 and a second end 452 arranged opposite each other along the extending direction. The pusher 33 of the rotating arm mechanism 3 is slidably disposed within the guide groove 45 and is configured to slide between the first end 451 and the second end 452 when the first adapter 42 rotates.

[0066] As shown in Figure 5, the auxiliary power mechanism 5 includes a second adapter 52 and a gas spring 51. The first end of the gas spring 51 is mounted on the support plate 2 via a second support 53, and the opposite second end is hinged to the second adapter 52. The second adapter 52 is rotatably connected to the support plate 2 via a rotating shaft 44 and can rotate around the rotating shaft 44.

[0067] In one embodiment, the rotating shaft 44 passes through the surface of the support plate 2 and is rotatably connected to the support plate 2. The first end of the rotating shaft 44 is fixedly connected to the first adapter 42, and the opposite second end is fixedly connected to the second adapter 52, so that the first adapter 42 and the second adapter 52 can rotate synchronously. In another alternative embodiment, the first adapter 42 and the second adapter 52 may also be provided with different rotating shafts, and a connecting member (e.g., a connecting rod) may be additionally provided to connect them, enabling them to rotate synchronously. In this case, the two rotating shafts and the connecting member can be combined and understood as the rotating shaft 44 in the previous embodiment.

[0068] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG5, the second adapter 52 has a first side 521 and a second side 522 arranged at approximately a 90° angle (or other suitable angle), and the rotation shaft 44 is arranged at the intersection of the two sides. The gas spring 51 is hinged to the first side 521, and the pusher 33 of the rotating arm mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the second side 521; thus, the second adapter 52 can be rotated by the gas spring 51, or the second adapter 52 can be driven to rotate by the pusher 33.

[0069] As shown in Figure 3, in the main power mechanism 4, the first end 451 of the guide groove is closer to the electric drive component 41 and farther away from the guide shield 12 than the second end 452; as shown in Figure 5, in the auxiliary power mechanism 5, the first side 521 of the second adapter 52 is closer to the gas spring 51 and farther away from the guide shield 12 than the second side 522.

[0070] Furthermore, the second support 53 can be fixedly mounted on the support plate 2 to hinge the first end of the gas spring 51 to the support plate 2 via the first hinge point. The gas spring 51 can be a commercially available product that can continuously provide elastic force. In this embodiment, when the gas spring 51 is located on the straight line between the second support 53 (or the first hinge point) and the rotation axis 44, the gas spring 51 is compressed to its shortest length, at which point it is at a mechanical critical point, also known as a "dead point". Under external force, the gas spring 51 can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around this "dead point".

[0071] During the automatic opening and closing of the fairing 12, the main power mechanism 4 and the auxiliary power mechanism 5 provide motion power to the fairing 12 in stages. Specifically, the automatic opening process of the fairing 12 sequentially passes through the closed position, the intermediate position, and the open position (refer to Figures 6 to 8); in this process, the movement from the closed position to the intermediate position is the first opening stage, and the movement from the intermediate position to the open position is the second opening stage. Conversely, the automatic closing process of the fairing 12 sequentially passes through the open position, the intermediate position, and the closed position (refer to Figures 8 to 6); in this process, the movement from the open position to the intermediate position is the first closing stage, and the movement from the intermediate position to the closed position is the second closing stage; wherein, the first opening stage and the first closing stage are both driven by an electric cylinder, and the second opening stage and the second closing stage are both driven by a gas spring 51, thereby realizing the automatic opening and closing of the fairing 12.

[0072] The support plate 2, the swing arm mechanism 3, the main power mechanism 4, and the auxiliary power mechanism 5 are respectively arranged in two sets on both sides of the front end of the train, and they are arranged opposite each other. The two sets of swing arm mechanisms 3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the length direction of the fairing 12, and the two sets of main power mechanisms 4 and auxiliary power mechanisms 5 operate synchronously to ensure the balance of the fairing 12 during opening and closing.

[0073] As shown in Figures 13 and 14, when closed, the fairing 12 moves downward; when closed, the opening and closing mechanism is integrated with the train body 11, protecting the internal components of the train and ensuring its aesthetics. When open, the fairing 12 moves upward; when open, the coupler extends from inside the train body 11, enabling coupling with another train.

[0074] To ensure that the air deflector 12 remains in the corresponding position when open or closed, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG6, when the air deflector 12 is in the closed state, the gas spring 51 continuously provides a driving force to the air deflector 12 through the rotating arm mechanism 3 to keep it closed, thus maintaining the air deflector 12 in a stable closed state; in this state, the pusher 33 is located at the first end 451 of the guide groove. When the air deflector 12 is in the open state, as shown in FIG8, the gas spring 51 provides a driving force to the air deflector 12 through the rotating arm mechanism 3 to keep it open, thus maintaining the air deflector 12 in a stable open state; in this state, the pusher 33 is located at the second end 452 of the guide groove.

[0075] During the automatic opening process, the states of the rotating arm mechanism 3 when the deflector 12 is in the closed, intermediate, and open positions are shown in Figures 6-8. Specifically:

[0076] During the movement of the air deflector 12 from the closed position to the intermediate position (Figures 6 and 7), the power output end 412 of the electric drive component 41 extends, driving the first adapter 42 to rotate in the first direction (counterclockwise in the figures). The pusher 33 remains at the first end 451 of the guide groove and rotates with the first adapter 42 under the push of the groove wall, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism 3 to move, providing the air deflector 12 with the opening driving force, so that the air deflector 12 moves to the intermediate position. During this process, the second adapter 52 rotates with the first adapter 42 due to the action of the rotating shaft 44 and the pusher 33 (also counterclockwise in the figures). The gas spring 51 (which is gradually compressed) always provides the air deflector 12 with a closing driving force opposite to the opening driving force, and the closing driving force provided by the gas spring 51 is less than the opening driving force provided by the electric drive component 41. The gas spring 51 gradually lies on the straight line between the first hinge point (second support 53) and the rotating shaft 44, reaches the mechanical critical point, and slightly passes through the point.

[0077] During the process of the deflector 12 moving from the middle position to the open position (Figures 7 to 8), the electric drive component 41 remains unchanged (i.e., the power output end 412 remains stationary), the gas spring 51 passes its own mechanical critical point (gradually elongates) and provides the opening driving force to the deflector 12 through the rotating arm mechanism 3, so that the deflector 12 continues to move to the open position; during this process, the gas spring 51 pushes the second adapter 52 and the first adapter 42 to rotate, and the pusher 33 slides from the first end 451 to the second end 452 in the guide groove 45 due to the drive of the rotating arm mechanism 3.

[0078] During the automatic closing process, the states of the rotating arm mechanism 3 when the deflector 12 is in the closed, intermediate, and open positions are shown in Figures 6-8. Specifically,

[0079] During the process of the deflector 12 moving from the open position to the intermediate position (Figures 8 to 7), the power output end 412 of the electric drive component 41 retracts, driving the first adapter 42 to rotate in the second direction (opposite to the first direction, shown clockwise in the figure). The pusher 33, located at the second end 452 of the guide groove, rotates with the first adapter 42 under the push of the groove wall, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism 3 to move, providing a closing driving force for the deflector 12, so that the deflector 12 moves to the intermediate position. During this process, the second adapter 52 rotates with the first adapter 42 due to the action of the rotating shaft 44 and the pusher 33 (also shown clockwise in the figure). The gas spring 51 (which is gradually compressed) always provides the deflector 12 with an opening driving force opposite to the closing driving force, and the opening driving force provided by the gas spring 51 is less than the closing driving force provided by the electric drive component 41 during this process. The gas spring 51 gradually lies on the straight line between the first hinge point (second support 53) and the rotation axis 44, reaches the mechanical critical point, and slightly passes that point.

[0080] During the process of the deflector 12 moving from the middle position to the closed position, the electric drive component 41 remains unchanged, the gas spring 51 passes the mechanical critical point (gradually extends) and provides the deflector 12 with the closing driving force through the rotating arm mechanism 3, so that the deflector 12 continues to move to the closed position; during this process, the gas spring 51 pushes the second adapter 52 and the first adapter 42 to rotate, and the pusher 33 slides from the second end 452 to the first end 451 in the guide groove due to the drive of the rotating arm mechanism 3.

[0081] In the above embodiment, the electric drive unit 41 provides rotational power to the first adapter 42. The guide groove 45 on the first adapter 42 drives the pusher 33 on the rotating arm mechanism 3 to move, thereby driving the rotation of the rotating arm mechanism 3, thus opening and closing the fairing 12 in the first stage. At the same time, the gas spring 51, as an auxiliary power mechanism 5, provides additional power support to the fairing 12 in the second stage. Through the staged power output of the main power mechanism 4 and the auxiliary power mechanism 5, the automatic opening and closing of the fairing 12 is realized, improving the stability and efficiency of the automatic opening and closing of the fairing 12. Meanwhile, since the electric drive unit 41 does not need to provide a power source for the entire stroke, the requirement for its extension stroke is small, which can effectively reduce the size of the electric drive unit 41 and reduce the space occupied by the opening and closing mechanism at the front of the train.

[0082] When the deflector 12 is in the closed state (as shown in Figure 6) and the electric drive component 41 fails to extend, the deflector 12 must be manually opened. During the manual opening of the deflector 12, an external opening driving force is applied to the deflector 12 (i.e., manually pulling the deflector 12 upward) to overcome the closing driving force provided by the gas spring 51. As shown in Figures 6 and 9, during this process, due to the external force driving the rotating arm mechanism 3 to rotate and extend counterclockwise, the rotating arm mechanism 3 drives the pusher 33 to slide from the first end 451 of the guide groove to the second end 452. At this time, the first adapter 42 does not rotate, and the second adapter 52 rotates under the drive of the pusher 33. Only the closing driving force provided by the gas spring 51 needs to be overcome, and the electric drive component 41 will not be damaged. During the manual closing process, when the deflector 12 is in the closed position and the intermediate position, the state of the rotating arm mechanism 3 is shown in Figures 9 and 10.

[0083] In one embodiment, the opening and closing mechanism further includes a locking device 6; the connection between the power output end 412 of the electric drive member 41 and the first adapter 42 is configured to lock or unlock.

[0084] As shown in Figures 1, 4, 11 and 12, in one embodiment, the locking device 6 is installed at the hinge point between the power output end 412 of the electric drive member 41 and the first adapter 42, and includes a housing 61, a locking member 62 and an elastic member 63.

[0085] The housing 61 is cylindrical, with its first end fixedly connected to the first adapter 42. The locking element 62 is a locking stud or locking pin, which is slidably disposed within the housing 61. The elastic element 63 is a locking spring, which is disposed within the housing 61 and sleeved on the outside of the locking element 62.

[0086] The locking member 62 has a locking position and an unlocking position along its sliding direction within the housing 61. When the locking member 62 slides to the locking position, it extends out of the housing 61, with its extended end passing through the first adapter 42 and the power output end 412 of the electric drive member 41, hinged together. At this time, the electric drive member 41 can push the first adapter 42 to rotate. When the locking member 62 slides to the unlocking position, the first adapter 42 and the power output end 412 of the electric drive member 41 separate, and their respective actions do not affect each other. The elastic member 63 ensures that the locking member 62 is firmly fixed in both the "locked position" and the "unlocked position".

[0087] More specifically, as shown in Figure 11, the housing 61 is provided with a first hole 611 and a second hole 612, wherein the first hole 611 is closer to the power output end 412 than the second hole 612; the first hole 611 serves as a locking position, and the second hole 612 serves as an unlocking position. The two holes can be connected by an extended elongated hole 613.

[0088] As shown in Figure 11, the locking member 62 is generally a rod with an enlarged first end 621. The locking spring, as an elastic element 63, is not only sleeved on the locking member 62 but also located between the first end 621 of the locking member and the housing 61, thus allowing it to be compressed. The first end 621 of the locking member also has a protruding block 623, configured to extend into either the first hole 611 or the second hole 612. The second end 622 of the locking member, opposite to the first end 621, serves as a protruding end, capable of passing through the first adapter 42 and the power output end 412 of the electric drive member 41.

[0089] Specifically, when the block 623 of the locking member 62 is located in the second hole 612, the second end 622 of the locking member moves away from the power output end 412, thereby disengaging the first adapter 42 from the power output end 412 of the electric drive member 41. When the locking member 62 is rotated so that it moves from the second hole 612 along the elongated hole 613 to the first hole 611, the elastic member 63 is compressed, and the second end 622 of the locking member reaches the power output end 412, thereby connecting the first adapter 42 and the power output end 412. The power output end 412 may have a groove or a third hole 413 for the second end 622 of the locking member to insert into or exit from.

[0090] Furthermore, since the locking member 62 is located within the housing 61, a force-bearing portion 624 is provided at the first end 621 of the locking member to facilitate rotation of the locking member 62. This force-bearing portion 624 can cooperate with devices such as wrenches to achieve rotation of the locking member 62. The force-bearing portion 624 can be a protruding block or a recessed structure, as is well known to those skilled in the art.

[0091] The locking device 6 effectively controls the connection state between the first adapter 42 and the electric drive component 41, enabling the opening and closing mechanism to have locking and unlocking functions, ensuring the controllability of power output, and preventing the guide shield 12 from abnormal opening and closing due to external force or misoperation. Furthermore, the combination structure of the locking component 62 and the elastic component 63 is simple, highly reliable, and easy to install and maintain. It is understood that the locking device 6 provided in this embodiment does not constitute a limitation of this application, and other devices that achieve the same locking purpose can also be reasonably used in this application.

[0092] In one specific embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 5, the rotating arm mechanism 3 includes a first rotating arm 31 and a connecting member 32. The first end of the first rotating arm 31 is hinged to the support plate 2, and the opposite second end is hinged to the connecting member 32. The end of the connecting member 32 furthest from the first rotating arm 31 (serving as the second end of the rotating arm mechanism 3) is fixedly connected to the guide shield 12. A pushing member 33 is fixedly mounted on the first rotating arm 31 and passes through it. The first end of the pushing member 33 is connected to the first adapter seat 42 (slidably located in the guide groove 45), and the opposite second end is connected to the second adapter seat 52 (fixedly connected to the second side 522 of the second adapter seat 52, so that the second adapter seat 52 and the pushing member 33 move synchronously). Through the combined action of the first rotating arm 31 and the connecting member 32, a stable mechanical transmission structure is formed, which can effectively transmit the movement of the adapter seat to the guide shield 12, ensuring the smoothness and synchronicity of the opening and closing action of the guide shield 12.

[0093] The rotating arm mechanism 3 may further include a second rotating arm 34, which is arranged in conjunction with the first rotating arm 31. The first end of the second rotating arm 34 is hinged to the support plate 2, and the opposite second end is hinged to the connecting member 32. By adding the second rotating arm 34, the mechanical structure of the opening and closing mechanism is further optimized, the load is distributed, the force on a single rotating arm is reduced, and a multi-hinged transmission mechanism is formed, thereby enhancing the stability and load distribution uniformity of the deflector 12 during opening and closing.

[0094] In one embodiment, the main power mechanism 4 and the auxiliary power mechanism 5 are respectively disposed on both sides of the support plate 2 to ensure that the forces on both sides are balanced. Specifically, as shown in FIG2, they are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the support plate 2.

[0095] The opening and closing mechanism may further include a connector 7, through which the rotating arm mechanism 3 is connected to the air deflector 12. This connector 7 can effectively adjust the connection angle and position between the rotating arm mechanism 3 and the air deflector 12, ensuring more precise force transmission and achieving a stable connection between the rotating arm mechanism 3 and the arc-shaped curved surface inside the air deflector 12. The connector 32 may be an L-shaped metal clamp.

[0096] The working principle of the opening and closing mechanism provided in this application is described below with reference to a specific embodiment; the specific structure of the opening and closing mechanism is shown in Figures 1-14. It is worth understanding that this embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0097] The support plate 2 is connected to the vehicle body 11.

[0098] The first end of the first rotating arm 31 is connected to the support plate 2, and the second end is connected to the connector 32. The end of the connector 32 away from the first rotating arm 31 is fixedly connected to the guide shroud 12 through the adapter 7.

[0099] The first end of the gas spring 51 is connected to the support plate 2 via the second support 53, and the second end is hinged to the second adapter 52. The first end of the electric cylinder is connected to the support plate 2 via the first support 43, and the second end is hinged to the first adapter 42 via the locking device 6.

[0100] The first adapter 42 and the second adapter 52 can rotate around the rotating shaft 44 under the drive of the electric drive unit 41 and the gas spring 51, respectively.

[0101] The second end of the pusher 33 on the first rotating arm 31 is fixedly connected to the second adapter 52, and the first end is slidably disposed in the special guide groove 45 of the first adapter 42, and can rotate between the first end 451 and the second end 452 in the groove.

[0102] The automatic opening process of the opening and closing mechanism provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0103] Referring to Figures 6 and 7, in the first stage, from the "closed position" to the "intermediate position," the first end 451 of the guide groove 45 on the first adapter 42 contacts the pusher 33. When the electric cylinder provides driving force to start rotating the first adapter 42, the pusher 33 forces the first rotating arm 31 to rotate, thereby overcoming the closing driving force provided by the gas spring 51 and causing the opening and closing mechanism to reach the "intermediate position." During this process, due to the action of the rotating shaft 44 and the pusher 33, the second adapter 52 also rotates.

[0104] After reaching the "middle position", the second-stage electric cylinder stops operating. At this time, the gas spring 51 has passed its mechanical critical point, i.e., the "dead point" position. It changes from initially providing the closing driving force to providing the opening driving force. Then, the gas spring 51 provides the driving force through the second adapter 52 and the pusher 33 to make the first rotating arm 31 continue to rotate until it reaches the "open position". The pusher 33 slides from the first end 451 to the second end 452 in the guide groove of the first adapter 42, as shown in Figures 7 and 8.

[0105] Once the open position is reached, the gas spring 51 continuously provides a locking force to keep the open position, thus keeping the opening and closing mechanism stably in the locked position.

[0106] The automatic closing process of the opening and closing mechanism provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0107] In the first stage, from the "open position" to the "middle position", since the second end 452 of the guide groove on the first adapter 42 is in contact with the pusher 33, the electric cylinder still provides driving force, which begins to retract and drive the first adapter 42 to rotate in the opposite direction. The pusher 33 forces the first rotating arm 31 and the second adapter 52 to rotate, overcoming the opening force provided by the gas spring 51, so that the opening and closing mechanism reaches the "middle position".

[0108] After reaching the "middle position", the second-stage electric cylinder stops operating and reaches the closed position. At this time, the gas spring 51 once again crosses its mechanical critical point, that is, the "dead point" position, and changes from initially providing the opening driving force to providing the closing driving force. Then, the gas spring 51 provides the driving force through the pusher 33 to make the first rotating arm 31 continue to rotate until it reaches the "closed position". The pusher 33 slides from the second end 452 to the first end 451 in the guide groove of the first adapter 42.

[0109] Once the closed position is reached, the gas spring 51 continuously provides a locking force to keep the closed position, thus keeping the opening and closing mechanism stably in the locked position.

[0110] The manual opening process of the opening and closing mechanism provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0111] When the electric cylinder is without power or malfunctions, it cannot operate, automatic operation cannot be achieved, and when the deflector 12 is in the closed state, the operator cannot manually unlock or replace or repair the electric cylinder.

[0112] At this time, although the electric cylinder cannot extend, due to the special guide groove 45 design of the first adapter 42, the operator only needs to overcome the closing force of the gas spring 51 and manually pull the guide cover 12 to rotate the first rotating arm 31, and the pusher 33 slides from the first end to the second end in the guide groove of the first adapter 42.

[0113] In this intermediate position, the deflector 12 has changed from a fully closed position to a half-open position. The operator can now observe all the components inside the opening and closing mechanism from the outside, and can then unlock the locking device 6, retract the locking stud, separate the electric cylinder and the first adapter 42, and then continue to pull the deflector 12 until it is fully open, thus enabling manual operation in an emergency.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0115] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and not to limit them; although this application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this application or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of this application, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A fairing opening and closing mechanism, characterized in that, include: Support plate, fixedly installed on the train body; The rotating arm mechanism has a first end connected to the support plate and a second end connected to the flow guide; the rotating arm mechanism is equipped with a pusher. The main power mechanism includes a first adapter and an electric drive component; wherein the first adapter is rotatably connected to the support plate; The electric drive component is mounted on the support plate, and its power output end is hinged to the first adapter to drive the first adapter to rotate; the first adapter is provided with a guide groove, and the pusher is slidably disposed in the guide groove; An auxiliary power mechanism includes a second adapter seat and a gas spring; a first end of the gas spring is mounted on the support plate, and a second end is hinged to the second adapter seat; the second adapter seat is rotatably connected to the support plate and fixedly connected to the pusher. During the automatic opening and closing of the fairing, the main power mechanism and the auxiliary power mechanism drive the rotating arm mechanism to move in stages, thereby providing motion power for the fairing.

2. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second adapters are connected to the support plate via a rotating shaft, and the two rotate synchronously.

3. The flow guide opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the air deflector is in the closed state, the gas spring continuously provides a closing driving force to the air deflector through the rotating arm mechanism, and the pusher is located at the first end of the guide groove; when the air deflector is in the open state, the gas spring continuously provides an opening driving force to the air deflector through the rotating arm mechanism, and the pusher is located at the second end of the guide groove.

4. The flow guide opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, During the automatic opening process of the air deflector, it passes through the closed position, the middle position, and the open position in sequence. During the process of the flow guide moving from the closed position to the middle position, the power output end of the electric drive unit extends out and drives the first adapter to rotate in the first direction. The pusher is located at the first end of the guide groove and rotates with the first adapter under the push of the guide groove, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism to move and providing an opening driving force for the flow guide, so that the flow guide moves to the middle position. During the process of the flow guide moving from the middle position to the open position, the electric drive component remains unchanged, the gas spring passes the mechanical critical point and continues to provide the flow guide with the opening driving force through the rotating arm mechanism, so that the flow guide continues to move to the open position. During this process, the pusher slides from the first end to the second end in the guide groove. During the automatic closing process of the air deflector, it sequentially passes through the open position, the middle position, and the closed position. During the process of the flow guide moving from the open position to the middle position, the power output end of the electric drive component retracts, driving the first adapter to rotate in the second direction. The pusher is located at the second end of the guide groove and rotates with the first adapter under the push of the guide groove, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism to move and providing a closing driving force for the flow guide, so that the flow guide moves to the middle position. During the process of the flow guide moving from the middle position to the closed position, the electric drive component remains unchanged, the gas spring crosses the mechanical critical point and provides the flow guide with the closing driving force through the rotating arm mechanism, so that the flow guide continues to move to the closed position. During this process, the pusher slides from the second end to the first end in the guide groove. During the manual opening of the air deflector, an external opening driving force is applied to the air deflector to overcome the closing driving force provided by the gas spring. During this process, the pusher slides from the first end of the guide groove to the second end.

5. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating arm mechanism includes a first rotating arm and a connecting member. A first end of the first rotating arm is hinged to the support plate, and a second end of the first rotating arm is hinged to the connecting member. The end of the connecting member away from the first rotating arm is connected to the guide shield. The pushing member is disposed on the first rotating arm.

6. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotating arm mechanism further includes a second rotating arm, the first end of which is hinged to the support plate and the second end of which is hinged to the connector; the first rotating arm and the second rotating arm are arranged substantially parallel to each other.

7. The flow guide opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The main power mechanism and the auxiliary power mechanism are respectively disposed on both sides of the support plate.

8. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The device further includes a locking mechanism, which is installed at the hinge point between the power output end of the electric drive unit and the first adapter, and includes a housing, a locking element, and an elastic element. The housing is fixedly connected to the first adapter seat, the locking member is slidably disposed inside the housing, and the elastic member is sleeved on the outside of the locking member; The locking member has a locking position and an unlocking position within the housing. When the locking member slides to the locking position, it passes through the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive, causing the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive to be hinged. When the locking member slides to the unlocking position, the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive are separated.

9. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It further includes an adapter, through which the rotating arm mechanism is connected to the fairing.

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