Self-cooling nanoceramic additive, method of manufacture and uses thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-cooling nanoceramic additive in the form of an aqueous dispersion comprising emissive and reflective minerals. Said additive of the present invention is used to produce self-cooling architectural paints (single-layer coatings). The specific composition of the additive efficiently reflects sunlight, reduces heat absorption, emits thermal radiation, improves the durability of protected surfaces, reduces power consumption for cooling, and provides a formulation that is compatible with various solvents and materials, thereby facilitating its application on architectural coatings.

Description

[0001] NANOCERAMIC SELF-COOLING ADDITIVE, MANUFACTURING METHOD AND USES THEREOF

[0002] 3rd scope of the Invention

[0003] The present invention relates, in general, to a self-cooling nanoceramic additive in the form of an aqueous dispersion composed of emissive and reflective minerals used to generate self-cooling architectural paints (monolayer coatings), and which has application in the technical field of construction and architecture.

[0004] Background of the Invention

[0005] A self-cooling nanoceramic additive is a composite material at the nanoscale that incorporates special properties for heat management. These additives are typically made of ceramic materials that have the ability to emit and reflect thermal radiation. Furthermore, due to their extremely small size, on the nanometer scale (1 nm = 10⁻⁶ m), they effectively absorb and reflect heat. -9meters), these additives exhibit unique properties that make them ideal for various applications.

[0006] These ceramic materials are known for their high thermal stability, corrosion resistance, and durability. The self-cooling properties of these additives allow them to emit infrared radiation (heat) and reflect solar radiation, significantly reducing heat buildup on the surfaces where they are applied. This makes them crucial components in the formulation of paints and architectural coatings designed to keep structures cool.

[0007] The relevance of self-cooling nanoceramic additives in the architectural coatings industry is considerable. Firstly, paints incorporating these additives can reduce the temperature of coated surfaces, thus decreasing the need for air conditioning and other cooling systems. This energy saving translates into a significant reduction in costs.

[0008] Furthermore, by reducing energy consumption, these additives contribute to lower greenhouse gas emissions, promoting greener and more sustainable construction practices. The use of paints with self-cooling additives also improves thermal comfort inside buildings, maintaining lower and more stable indoor temperatures. This results in a more comfortable environment for building occupants.

[0009] Another important advantage is the durability and protection these additives offer to building exteriors. Their reflective and emissive properties protect against deterioration caused by intense solar radiation and heat buildup, extending the lifespan of structures. Furthermore, these additives are used in the formulation of paints and architectural coatings applied to roofs and facades, where sun exposure is most intense. They also find applications in urban infrastructure such as bridges, roads, and public spaces, where heat management can improve durability and comfort.

[0010] In recent years, research and development in the field of self-cooling nanoceramic additives has advanced significantly. Driven by the growing demand for sustainable and energy-efficient technologies in the construction industry, the integration of these additives into commercial products is transforming how buildings are designed and maintained. They offer effective solutions to the challenges of global warming and energy efficiency, revolutionizing the field of architectural coatings and providing substantial benefits in terms of energy efficiency, sustainability, comfort, and building protection.

[0011] However, today's known coatings fail to provide sufficiently effective heat reduction, demonstrate adequate durability and stability in adverse environmental conditions, ensure universal compatibility with various building materials, offer an economically accessible and sustainable solution, and minimize negative environmental impact.

[0012] Furthermore, there is currently a deficiency and low efficiency, particularly regarding the relationship between application layers and solar absorption. In this respect, current state-of-the-art technologies offer coatings that, in order to minimize the amount of solar energy or radiation absorbed by a given surface, are applied in a series of layered coatings, where each layer is configured to absorb specific and different ranges or regions.However, it is known that the solutions provided by prior art are highly inefficient, since a high number of layers (at least two) are needed to achieve the desired technical effect, which translates into a greater number of compounds used, complex manufacturing procedures, and the methodology for applying them to a surface of interest involves placing a first layer, waiting for it to dry or the time necessary for its application to be complete before placing a subsequent layer.

[0013] The above is a significant problem for the construction industry and building owners, as inefficiency in heat reduction can lead to higher energy consumption and operating costs, lack of durability and stability can result in high maintenance costs, and limited compatibility and accessibility hinder the widespread adoption of advanced technologies, negatively impacting both the economy and the environment.

[0014] Such is the case with prior art documents, such as Chinese patent application CN116120794A, published on May 16, 2023, which describes a radiation-cooled passive composite coating and a method of preparation. The radiation-cooled passive composite coating comprises an upper layer and a lower layer. The upper layer is layered over the lower layer to form a composite coating used to reflect visible light, near-infrared light, and ultraviolet light from sunlight and emit mid-infrared light. Specifically, the upper layer is formed by layering over the lower layer to reflect visible light, near-infrared light from sunlight, and ultraviolet light, and to create a composite coating that emits mid-infrared light.The bottom layer is a white latex paint coated onto the substrate, and the components of the top layer material include nanoparticles with a volume fraction of 20% to 50%, a polymer whose volume fraction represents 20% to 50%, and the nanoparticles are evenly distributed in the polymer.

[0015] For its part, US patent US11084943B2, published on August 10, 2021, describes a coating, specifically a coating for cooling a surface by passive radiative cooling. This coating formulation comprises a first component with >55% reflectance at wavelengths between 0.3 and 2.5 microns, a second component with >0.85 maximum thermal emissivity in a window of 4 to 35 microns, and a third component for mechanically bonding the first and second components. In another embodiment of the patent, one or more additional layers with additives can be included to provide specific additional characteristics, such as hydrophobicity, to protect the first, second, and third components from at least one type of physical damage or degradation.Likewise, in a specific modality the first, second and third components form a multilayer structure.

[0016] On the other hand, Chinese patent application No. CN1 14729206A, published on July 8, 2021, discloses a smart sub-ambient radiation cooling composition, a method for its preparation and application, in which the composition comprises TiO2 particles selected from the group consisting of SiO2, CaCO3, SiC, ZnO, Al2O3, and similar materials or combinations thereof; as well as particles of a fluorescent pigment and a polymer. This disclosure focuses particularly on the effect of the fluorescent materials, because they convert some of the absorbed solar energy into fluorescent emission to generate solar reflectance (ESR) and reduce the total absorption of solar energy.

[0017] Consequently, due to the clear shortcomings of prior art in providing efficient and durable architectural coatings that effectively reduce solar absorption with a minimal number of layers and simplified application procedures, there remains a need for a coating that offers a more effective solution for cooling and energy efficiency in buildings. This coating must also exhibit adequate durability and stability under adverse environmental conditions and guarantee universal compatibility with various building materials with a minimal number of layers, thereby streamlining and simplifying the application process. Summary of the Invention

[0018] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a self-cooling nanoceramic additive that improves the energy efficiency of architectural coatings by efficiently reflecting and emitting solar radiation, reducing heat absorption, and prolonging the durability of treated surfaces.

[0019] Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a self-cooling nanoceramic additive that is compatible with various solvents, particularly water-affinity solvents, and generally compatible with materials that facilitate its application. This is achieved through a single-layer coating that simplifies and improves its efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a self-cooling nanoceramic additive that is capable of drying and subsequently being able to redisperse in different polymer matrices such as any matrix selected from the group comprising polyurethanes, polyester, polycarbonate, polyacrylates, acrylic, styrenic, vindica and epoxy resins, combinations thereof and / or similar.

[0021] To overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the different aspects of the present invention relate to a self-cooling nanoceramic additive in the form of an aqueous dispersion composed of emissive and reflective minerals used to generate self-cooling architectural paints (monolayer coatings).

[0022] In another aspect of this application, a process for obtaining the self-cooling nanoceramic additive that is the subject of this invention is also described.

[0023] Some advantages of the present invention lie in its ability to efficiently reflect sunlight, reduce heat absorption, emit thermal radiation, improve the durability of protected surfaces, decrease energy consumption for cooling, and offer a formulation compatible with various polymer matrices and materials, facilitating its application in architectural coatings. Additionally, the coating is a single layer, which simplifies and streamlines its application, reducing the time and costs associated with the coating process.

[0024] In this regard, it is important to mention that one of the main virtues of the present invention is that, once applied to a surface, such as (not limiting) a habitable space like a house or apartment, the reflective capacity of the coating of the present invention advantageously achieves a considerable reduction in the amount of heat or, in general, energy that is transferred to the interior of said habitable space.

[0025] In this way, since a smaller amount of energy will be able to pass into said habitable interior, the average temperature of said area will then be advantageously more controlled, which would clearly lead to reducing or even eliminating the need for the use of air conditioning devices or systems (such as and not limited to ventilation, cooling, heating, filtration, combinations thereof and / or similar systems).

[0026] Consequently, since the need for implementation or use of such air conditioning systems is reduced or even eliminated, not only is there a benefit associated with the reduction of costs, for example, maintenance or related to electricity charges for the use of such systems, but, mainly, the levels of carbon dioxide generated during the air conditioning process of certain spaces are advantageously reduced.

[0027] These and other objectives and advantages will be evident to the person skilled in the art from the following description of the figures and the detailed description of the invention; and the appended claims.

[0028] Brief

[0029]

[0030] of the

[0031]

[0032] Figure 1 shows the operating mechanism of the additive and coating manufactured for the same purpose as the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 shows the representation of the process of obtaining the additive that is the subject of this invention.

[0034] Figure 3 shows the experimental design of the voltage application test on the heater, as well as a time vs. temperature graph of the results of that test.

[0035] Figure 4 shows the results of the temperature test when evaluating different commercial brands of paint and comparing it against the paint containing the additive that is the subject of the present invention.

[0036] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0037] Some aspects of the present invention will now be described in more detail, also using reference to the accompanying drawings which show some embodiments and advantages of the present invention.

[0038] It will be evident to a person skilled in the art that various embodiments of the invention can be expressed in many different ways and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein; rather, these exemplary embodiments are provided to make this invention clear and complete and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. For example, unless otherwise indicated, something described as first, second, or similar should not be interpreted as a particular order. As used in the description and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," "the," and "a" include plural referents unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.The different aspects of the present invention relate to a self-cooling nanoceramic additive in the form of an aqueous dispersion composed of emissive and reflective minerals used to generate self-cooling paints (monolayer coatings).

[0039] Additionally, according to a preferred embodiment, the present invention is compatible with various solvents and in particular, compatible with water-like solvents and in general, compatible with materials that facilitate its application.

[0040] In the aforementioned modality, the present invention achieves a more efficient and suitable application based on a monolayer coating configuration, which is configurable to be able to dry and subsequently be redispersed in different polymer matrices.

[0041] On the other hand, in an additional embodiment, the present invention comprises a main solvent, which is configured for rapid evaporation during the drying process, thereby improving flowability, allowing for smoother application and a uniform finish.

[0042] In one embodiment, the main solvent is any selected from the group comprising organic solvents such as turpentine and toluene; alcoholic solvents such as ethanol and isopropanol; aqueous solvents such as water, combinations thereof and / or similar solvents.

[0043] In one particular embodiment, the main solvent is in the range of 30 to 80 percent by weight (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, the main solvent is in the range of 40 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w). In a further preferred embodiment, the main solvent is in the range of 45 to 55 percent by weight (%w / w).

[0044] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the present invention further comprises at least one pigment and at least one filler.

[0045] In the context of the present invention, "pigment" refers to finely divided particulate materials incorporated into the self-cooling nanoceramic additive to impart specific properties of color, opacity, and reflectivity. These pigments reflect solar radiation and enhance the coating's effectiveness by reducing heat absorption, thereby contributing to the coating's self-cooling properties.

[0046] Whereas the term “filler” in the context of the present invention refers to particulate materials added to the self-cooling nanoceramic additive to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the coating. The fillers help increase the coating's volume, improve its strength, dimensional stability, and durability, and can also contribute to reflectivity and opacity, thereby optimizing the coating's overall performance.

[0047] Now, the term “pigment and filler,” as used in combination in the present invention, refers to particulate materials that serve as both pigments and fillers. These materials not only provide color and opacity to the self-cooling nanoceramic additive but also enhance the coating's physical and mechanical properties, such as strength, dimensional stability, and durability. Furthermore, these components contribute to reflectivity and reduce heat absorption, thereby optimizing self-cooling performance.

[0048] According to the above, in a particular modality, at least one pigment and filler is selected from the group comprising micro and nano scale calcium carbonate (CaCO3), titanium dioxide (TiO2), micro and nano scale barium sulfate (BaSO4), micro and nano scale strontium sulfate (SrSO4), micro and nano scale alumina (Al2O3), and kaolin, iron oxide (Fe2O3), zinc oxide (ZnO), magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), similar or combinations thereof.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one pigment and filler is calcium carbonate (CaCO3) at the micro and nano scale, titanium dioxide (TiO2), barium sulfate (BaSO4) at the micro and nano scale, strontium sulfate (SrSO4) at the micro and nano scale, alumina (Al2O3) at the micro and nano scale, and kaolin.

[0050] Accordingly, in one embodiment, micro-scale calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is found in a range from 1 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, micro-scale calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is found in a range from 20 to 50 percent by weight (%w / w). In an even more preferred embodiment, micro-scale calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is found in a range from 30 to 45 percent by weight (%w / w).

[0051] In another embodiment, nanoscale calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is found in a range from 10 to 60 wt percent (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, nanoscale calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is found in a range from 20 to 50 wt percent (%w / w). In an even more preferred embodiment, nanoscale calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is found in a range from 30 to 45 wt percent (%w / w).

[0052] In another embodiment, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is found in a range from 0.5 to 30 percent by weight (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is found in a range from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight (%w / w). In an even more preferred embodiment, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is found in a range from 0.5 to 10 percent by weight (%w / w).

[0053] In one embodiment, micro-scale barium sulfate (BaSO4) ranges from 0.1 to 60 wt.% (w / w). In a preferred embodiment, micro-scale barium sulfate (BaSO4) ranges from 1 to 40 wt.% (w / w). In a further preferred embodiment, micro-scale barium sulfate (BaSO4) ranges from 2 to 30 wt.% (w / w).

[0054] In one embodiment, nanoscale barium sulfate (BaSO4) ranges from 0.1 to 60 wt percent (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, nanoscale barium sulfate (BaSO4) ranges from 1 to 30 wt percent (%w / w). In a further preferred embodiment, nanoscale barium sulfate (BaSO4) ranges from 2 to 15 wt percent (%w / w).

[0055] In one embodiment, micro-scale strontium sulfate (SrSO4) ranges from 0.1 to 60 wt percent (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, micro-scale strontium sulfate (SrSO4) ranges from 1 to 40 wt percent (%w / w). In a further preferred embodiment, micro-scale strontium sulfate (SrSO4) ranges from 3 to 20 wt percent (%w / w).

[0056] In one embodiment, nanoscale strontium sulfate (SrSO4) ranges from 0.1 to 60 wt percent (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, nanoscale strontium sulfate (SrSO4) ranges from 1 to 30 wt percent (%w / w). In a further preferred embodiment, nanoscale strontium sulfate (SrSO4) ranges from 1 to 15 wt percent (%w / w).

[0057] In one embodiment, micro-scale alumina (Al2O3) is found in a range from 0.1 to 60 wt percent (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, micro-scale alumina (Al2O3) is found in a range from 5 to 40 wt percent (%w / w). In a further preferred embodiment, micro-scale alumina (Al2O3) is found in a range from 10 to 15 wt percent (%w / w).

[0058] In one embodiment, nanoscale alumina (Al₂O₃) is found in a range from 0.01 to 60 wt percent (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, nanoscale alumina (Al₂O₃) is found in a range from 1 to 20 wt percent (%w / w). In a further preferred embodiment, nanoscale alumina (Al₂O₃) is found in a range from 5 to 10 wt percent (%w / w).

[0059] In another form, kaolin is found in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w). In a preferred form, kaolin is found in a range from 1 to 40 percent by weight (%w / w). In an even more preferred form, kaolin is found in a range from 2 to 30 percent by weight (%w / w).

[0060] Furthermore, the composition of the present invention in one embodiment comprises at least one structural reinforcing agent.

[0061] A person skilled in the field to which the present invention pertains will understand that “structural reinforcing agent” refers to materials added to the self-cooling nanoceramic additive that improve the mechanical properties and stability of the coating. These agents increase the tensile strength, hardness, durability, and structural integrity of the coating, ensuring that it maintains its effectiveness and appearance under adverse environmental conditions. Structural reinforcing agents help prevent cracking, wear, and deformation, contributing to the longevity and functionality of the coating applied to architectural surfaces. In one particular embodiment, at least one suitable structural reinforcing agent in the context of the present invention is selected from the group comprising sodium silicoaluminate, silicon oxide (silica fume), graphene oxide, powdered glass fiber, combinations thereof, or similar materials.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, at least one structural reinforcing agent is sodium silicoaluminate.

[0063] In another embodiment, sodium silicoaluminate is found in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, sodium silicoaluminate is found in a range from 5 to 50 percent by weight (%w / w). In an even more preferred embodiment, sodium silicoaluminate is found in a range from 10 to 20 percent by weight (%w / w).

[0064] Likewise, in one embodiment, the compound according to the present invention comprises at least one texture-enhancing agent.

[0065] On the other hand, "texture enhancer" in the context of the present invention shall be understood as materials added to the self-foaming nanoceramic additive to optimize the texture and rheological properties of the coating. These agents influence the viscosity, smoothness, applicationability, and final finish of the coating. Their purpose is to ensure uniform and consistent application, improve adhesion to surfaces, and provide a high-quality final surface with the desired texture, whether smooth or textured.

[0066] In one embodiment, the at least one texture-enhancing agent used in the present invention is any selected from the group comprising polymeric microspheres, colloidal silica, bentonite clay, cellulose powder, combinations thereof or similar.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, at least one texture-enhancing agent is polymeric microspheres.

[0068] In another embodiment, the polymeric microspheres range from 0.001 to 10 percent by weight (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, the polymeric microspheres range from 0.1 to 10 percent by weight (%w / w). In an even more preferred embodiment, the polymeric microspheres range from 0.1 to 5 percent by weight (%w / w).

[0069] Additionally, the composition of the present invention further comprises at least one functional additive.

[0070] In one embodiment, said at least one functional additive comprises any additive selected from the group comprising at least one wetting agent, at least one dispersant, at least one antifoaming agent, at least one preservative, at least one thickener, combinations thereof and / or similar additives.

[0071] In the context of the present invention, “functional additive” refers to a variety of components added to the nanoceramic self-foaming additive that provide specific functions to enhance the coating's performance and properties. These additives are essential for optimizing various aspects of the formulation, such as stability, applicability, durability, and resistance to adverse environmental factors.

[0072] Furthermore, the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one humectant.

[0073] In this sense, "humectant" is understood as a compound that improves the ability of pigments and fillers to disperse and remain in suspension within the formulation, and that helps to prevent the formation of lumps and ensures a uniform application.

[0074] In a particular embodiment, at least one humectant is selected from the group comprising glycerin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium lauryl sulfate, combinations thereof or similar.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, at least one wetting agent is a neutral polymeric dispersing agent.

[0076] In another embodiment, the humectant ranges from 0.01 to 10 percent by weight (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, the humectant ranges from 0.5 to 8 percent by weight (%w / w). In an even more preferred embodiment, the humectant ranges from 1 to 5 percent by weight (%w / w).

[0077] Furthermore, the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one dispersant.

[0078] The term “dispersant” refers to a compound that facilitates the uniform distribution of fine particles in the coating, preventing agglomeration and ensuring a consistent and homogeneous texture.

[0079] In another particular embodiment, the at least one dispersant is any selected from the group comprising polyacrylic acid polymer, sorbitan oleate, calcium lignosulfonate, phosphate salts, combinations thereof or similar.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, at least one dispersant is an ammonium salt polyelectrolyte. In another embodiment, the dispersant is in a range from 0.01 to 10 wt percent (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, the dispersant is in a range from 0.5 to 8 wt percent (%w / w). In a further preferred embodiment, the dispersant is in a range from 1 to 5 wt percent (%w / w).

[0081] Similarly, the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one antifoaming agent.

[0082] While “antifoam” refers to a compound whose function is to reduce or eliminate foam formation during the production and application of the coating, improving the appearance and uniformity of the finish. In another particular embodiment, at least one antifoam is any compound selected from the group comprising silicone polyester, silicone oil, modified polymer alkyl amine, combinations thereof, or similar compounds.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, at least one antifoaming agent is hydrophobic silica dispersed in a polymer matrix.

[0084] The polymer matrix is ​​any selected from the group comprising polyurethanes, polyester, polycarbonate, polyacrylates, acrylic, styrenic, vindica and epoxy resins, combinations thereof and / or similar materials.

[0085] In one formulation, the antifoam is found in a range from 0.001 to 5 percent by weight (%w / w). In a preferred formulation, the antifoam is found in a range from 0.001 to 2 percent by weight (%w / w). In an even more preferred formulation, the antifoam is found in a range from 0.001 to 1 percent by weight (%w / w).

[0086] Likewise, the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one preservative.

[0087] The term “conserved / 1 ' is understood as a compound that prevents the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi in the formulation, prolonging the product's shelf life and ensuring its stability during storage.

[0088] In another particular embodiment, the at least one preservative is any one selected from the group comprising phenoxyethanol, methylisothiazolinone, benzalkonium chloride, combinations thereof or similar.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment, at least one preservative is the commercial product BAXIQEM, oxazolidine.

[0090] In another option, the preservative ranges from 0.001 to 5 percent by weight (%w / w). In a preferred option, the preservative ranges from 0.001 to 2 percent by weight (%w / w). In an even more preferred option, the preservative ranges from 0.001 to 1 percent by weight (%w / w).

[0091] Finally, the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one thickener.

[0092] Finally, “thickener” should be understood as a compound that helps adjust the viscosity of the formulation to improve its stability or ability to keep the “pigment” or “filler” suspended, manageability and application capacity, ensuring that the coating has the appropriate consistency for effective application.

[0093] In another particular embodiment, the at least one thickener is any thickener selected from the group comprising hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), polyacrylamide, or combinations thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one thickener is hydroxyethylcellulose or methylhydroxyethylcellulose.

[0094] In another embodiment, the thickener is in a range from 0.001 to 5 percent by weight (%w / w). In a preferred embodiment, the thickener is in a range from 0.001 to 2 percent by weight (%w / w). In an even more preferred embodiment, the thickener is in a range from 0.001 to 1 percent by weight (%w / w).

[0095] On the other hand, in a preferred embodiment the formulation of the self-cooling nanoceramic additive that is the subject of the present invention is that shown in Table 1.

[0096] Table 1.

[0097]

[0098] In one particular embodiment, the particle size distribution is in a range from 20 to 50 nm; which falls within the range of nanoparticles and which in the context of the present invention includes, for example, titanium dioxide (TiO2) or alumina (Al2O3) or calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles that improve the reflectivity and mechanical properties of the coating.

[0099] "Particle size" in the context of the present invention refers to the particle size ranges of the different components in the formulation of the self-cooling nanoceramic additive. Each range indicates the dimensions of the particles present in the coating, which is crucial for determining the physical and performance properties of the material.

[0100] In another particular embodiment, the particle size distribution is in a range from 200 to 400 nm; such as sodium silicoaluminate or polymeric microspheres in the context of the present invention.

[0101] In one particular embodiment, the particle size distribution is in a range from 10 to 20 pm; which belongs to the micrometric scale and in the context of the present invention are examples of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or kaolin which serve as structural fillers and contribute to the opacity and durability of the coating.

[0102] In one particular embodiment, the relevant properties of the self-cooling nanoceramic additive that is the subject of the present invention are viscosity, density, average specific gravity, percentage of actual solids, and pH.

[0103] In one modality, the viscosity is in a range from 100 to 10000 cP; and preferably, in a range from 1000 to 6000 cP.

[0104] In another modality, the density is found in a range from 1 to 2 g / cm 3 ; and preferably, within a range of 1.3 to 1.7 g / cm 3 .

[0105] In another modality, the specific gravity is in a range from 2 to 4 g / cm 3 ; and preferably, within a range of 2.5 to 3.5 g / cm 3 .

[0106] In another modality, the percentage of real solids is in a range from 10 to 75%; and preferably, in a range between 40 and 60%.

[0107] In another modality, the pH is in a range from 7 to 11; and preferably, in a range between 9.5 and 10.5.

[0108] The relevant characteristics of the additive of the present invention are summarized in Table 2 below. Table 2.

[0109]

[0110] As shown in Figure 1, the self-cooling nanoceramic additive of the present invention works efficiently by interacting with sunlight and using nanoparticles to enhance its cooling properties. Sunlight reaching the surface of a coating consists of three main wavelength ranges: ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), and near-infrared (NIR).

[0111] Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and other reflective materials are very efficient at reflecting sunlight, especially in the UV and visible ranges, due to their high refractive index. This means that a large portion of the incident sunlight is reflected rather than absorbed, thus reducing surface heating. Larger particles, such as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), also help reflect sunlight, although their effect is more noticeable in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) ranges due to their size and composition.

[0112] Regarding thermal absorption and emission, nanoparticles and microspheres play a crucial role. In the 8-13 pm wavelength range, which corresponds to thermal emission, certain materials in the coating, such as alumina and sodium silicoaluminate, act as efficient thermal emitters. This means that the energy absorbed by the coating is emitted as thermal radiation, thus cooling the surface. Materials that emit efficiently in this wavelength range (8-13 pm) help dissipate the heat accumulated on the surface, contributing to the cooling effect.

[0113] The interaction with sunlight can be broken down into different components of the solar spectrum. For UV rays (0.3–0.4 pm), materials such as TiO2 and zinc oxide (ZnO) are excellent at blocking and reflecting UV radiation, protecting the underlying surface and preventing overheating. In the visible light range (0.4–0.7 pm), materials such as TiO2 and certain ceramic pigments reflect a large portion of visible light, reducing heat absorption and keeping the surface cooler. For near-infrared (NIR, 0.7–2.5 pm), TiO2 nanoparticles and other reflective materials reduce the absorption of NIR radiation, which is responsible for a significant portion of solar heating. Finally, in the thermal emission range (8–13 pm), materials such as alumina and sodium silicoaluminate emit efficiently, facilitating heat dissipation from the coating surface to the surrounding environment.

[0114] In summary, the self-cooling nanoceramic additive combines sunlight reflection, selective absorption, and heat emission to keep architectural surfaces cooler. This technology improves the energy efficiency of buildings, reduces the need for artificial cooling, and protects surfaces from solar damage, contributing to a more comfortable indoor environment, especially in warm climates.

[0115] In one particular embodiment, the self-cooling nanoceramic additive of the present invention is applied in high concentration (>40%-80% by weight) and is dosed in the final product formulation process.

[0116] In a particular modality related to the above described, the final product manufactured from the self-cooling nanoceramic additive that is the subject of the present invention is any selected from the group comprising architectural paint, waterproofing, top coat, fiber cement panels, senders, alkyd coatings, combinations thereof or similar.

[0117] Based on the above, the present invention also relates to a process for obtaining the aforementioned nanoceramic self-cooling additive.

[0118] This process generally consists of the following steps:

[0119] i) Subprocess 1

[0120] a) Dispense the at least one pigment and the at least one main solvent into a homogenizer (1 a) together with the dispersant and wetting agent.

[0121] In one modality, the previously referred dispersion contains from 10 to 60% solids according to the selected pigment.

[0122] b) Dosing the resulting dispersion (from step ia) to a grinding.

[0123] In one modality, the dosage to the milling is carried out in a wet way (1 b) to decrease the particle size until reaching an average number (MN) value of 10 to 90 nm.

[0124] c) Dosing the milling product (from step ib) to subprocess 3, which will be described in more detail later.

[0125] In one modality, the grinding product is dosed to subprocess 3 by means of a peristaltic pump (1c).

[0126] i) Subprocess 2

[0127] a) Dispensing a second selected pigment and the main solvent into a homogenizer (2a) together with the dispersant and wetting agent. In one embodiment of the present invention, said dispersion contains from 30 to 70% solids according to the selected pigment.

[0128] b) Dosage the dispersion (from step ii-a) to a grind.

[0129] In one modality, the dosage to the milling is done in a wet way (2b) to decrease the particle size until reaching an average number (MN) value of 500 to 10000 nm depending on the type of pigment.

[0130] c) Dosing the product of said grinding (from step ii-b) to subprocess 3, which will be described in more detail below.

[0131] Also, according to one modality, the grinding product is dosed to subprocess 3 by means of a peristaltic pump (2c).

[0132] iii) Subprocess 3

[0133] a) Dosing the metal oxide precursors (e.g., titanium tetrachloride, titanium isopropoxide, titanium oxalate, titanium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium hydroxide, calcium acetate) into the wet synthesis reactor (3a).

[0134] In one modality, the reaction carried out in the wet synthesis reactor is performed in an aqueous medium.

[0135] According to an additional embodiment, the reaction carried out in the wet synthesis reactor contains a catalyst selected from the group comprising acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, silicon, alumina or hydrogen peroxide, ethanol or methanol, a combination thereof and / or similar catalysts.

[0136] b) Continue the reaction until the desired particle size is reached.

[0137] Furthermore, in one modality, the dispersion from subprocesses 1 and 2 is dosed once the particles have been synthesized in subprocess 3.

[0138] c) Integrate at least one coagulant agent selected from the group comprising aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, polyacrylamide, aluminum polychloride, calcium chloride, sodium silicate, combinations thereof and / or similar to the reaction product (from step 1-b).

[0139] d) Homogenize the combination of the coagulant agent and the reaction (from step iü-b) in reactor 3 a to form a complex aggregate structure.

[0140] In another mode, in reactor 3 a The complex aggregate structure is formed with the precursors of subprocess 1 and 2 without carrying out particle synthesis.

[0141] iv) Subprocess 4

[0142] a) Dosage the dispersion from subprocess 3 into a homogenizer (4a) to incorporate and disperse other components such as enhancing agents, including but not limited to texture enhancers, functional additives, structural reinforcing agents, and / or any component required by the product to achieve the desired physicochemical properties. b) Adjust the physicochemical properties of the dispersion (from step iv-a) by dosing the preservative, pH adjusters, and thickener.

[0143] Subprocess 5

[0144] a) Dosing the product obtained from subprocess 4 to one or a set of surfaces (5a) as a finished product.

[0145] On the other hand, in an optional modality, the product resulting from subprocess 4 goes through a filtering (5b), drying (5c), pulverizing (5d) and sieving (5e) process to be packaged (5f) as a powder product for various applications.

[0146] In a particular modality, the conditions of subprocesses 1 and 2 are:

[0147] A mill with a rotor that operates between 1000 and 1300 rpm or between 13 and 17 m / s maintaining a grinding power of 9 to 12 KW until the target particle size is reached by means of a recirculation process to disperser 1 and 2a that operate with a Cowles-type dispersion disc at a speed of 2 to 10 m / s.

[0148] In a particular mode, the conditions of reactor 3a of subprocess 3 when adding synthesis raw material, the marine propeller agitator operates at a speed of 200 to 1000 rpm to keep the system homogeneous.

[0149] In the particular modality of subprocess 3 when the raw materials from subprocess 1 and 2 are dosed, the reactor 3a of subprocess 3 operates at a speed of 700 to 1500 rpm.

[0150] In the particular modality of subprocess 4 the disperser with a Cowles type agitator 4a with the product from subprocess 3 operates at a speed of 5 to 15 m / s when the complementary raw materials are dosed.

[0151] In the particular modality in the process of recovery of finished product from subprocess 4 in the powder modality a filter press is operated at a pressure (<120 psi), the drying is carried out at a temperature between 80 to 150°C, the pulverizing is carried out at a speed of 1000 to 1500 rpm in fine mesh of at least 0.5 mm, the meshes required in the sieving are 90, 260 and 325.

[0152] In one embodiment, the present invention is configurable for incorporation into paints and / or coatings, as shown in the examples described later in this document. However, it should be understood that this application is illustrative and in no way should it be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention. On the contrary, other applications may be used with and / or utilize the claimed invention and fall within the claimed scope. Such applications include any of the automotive, aerospace, textile, energy, food, electronics, computer, medical, polymer materials, and combinations thereof industries. To provide a better understanding of the invention described herein, the following examples are shown. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only. Therefore, they should not limit the scope of this invention in any way.

[0153] EXAMPLES

[0154] Example 1.

[0155] Obtaining a self-cooling nanoceramic additive in aqueous suspension

[0156] Using precipitated calcium carbonate, the mass is ground to an average particle size of 50 to 60 nm by the system described in subprocess 1, using between 0.5 and 1 KWH / Kg of total energy on the mass of the dry base pigment; the suspension is refined with 30% solids in water using 0.3% sodium polymethacrylate and 0.5% sodium citrate as dispersing agents. At all times, the grinding energy is maintained between 10 and 12 KW, recirculating the mass at a flow of 400 to 600 liters per hour between tank 1a and mill 1b, stopping the process when the total energy or the target particle size is reached, whichever occurs first.

[0157] In another subprocess 2, macrometric rutile phase titanium dioxide is refined to obtain a particle size distribution ranging from 300nm to 10,000 nm with a polydispersity greater than 4. The dispersing agents are 0.3% sodium polyacrylate and 0.5% sodium citrate with a solids concentration in water of 60%. The grinding power is maintained between 2 and 3 KW, recirculating the suspension between reactor 2a and mill 2b until a "top cut" is obtained, a larger particle size below 10,000nm.

[0158] In reactor 3a, the products obtained from subprocesses 1 and 2 are poured, adding sodium silicoaluminate at a proportion of 0.5% relative to the total solids of the mixture. Once homogenized, the pH is adjusted to neutralize to promote the chemical reaction. After obtaining the mixture and synthesis from subprocess 3, it is transferred to reactor 4a where 5% micronized calcium carbonate, 5% 325 mesh kaolin, and 2% bentonite are added. Dispersion during integration is carried out at 5 m / s, with thickener added at the end at 10-12 m / s. Once a fineness of 7 Hegman is achieved, the preservative is added, ensuring that it is not added if the temperature exceeds [missing value]. The resulting suspension is an ultra-white suspension in water with 50% solids and a density of 1.With a viscosity of 1900cP and a fineness greater than 7 Hegman, the compound obtained when applied to a white base vinyl paint without any other pigment has an IRS (solar reflectance index) of 120.

[0159] Example 2.

[0160] Obtaining a self-cooling compound with synthesized particles of high refractive index.

[0161] Using the product obtained from subprocess 1 of example 1 as raw material, the process moves to subprocess 3 where the synthesis of high refractive index particles >2.5 is carried out using as a precursor 10% titanium isopropoxide in an isopropanol solution that is added to reactor 3a in a mass / mass ratio of 10% vs the nanometric calcium carbonate suspension. Once the nanometric calcium carbonate suspension is homogenized in the reactor, the titanium precursor solution is slowly added to complete the total addition in a time of 30 minutes under intense stirring (1000 RPM). The product of this reaction are nanometric calcium carbonate particles decorated and linked by synthetic titanium dioxide structures with a high refractive index.

[0162] The suspension obtained from subprocess 3 is added to the disperser 4a in subprocess 4 to be supplemented with micronized kaolin and calcium carbonate by adding dispersant and wetting agent in a proportion of 2 and 1 percent respectively on the total mass of solids in the suspension. The dispersion of these elements is carried out at a peripheral speed of 10 m / s for 15 minutes. Once dispersion is achieved, and without adding thickener or preservative, it is passed through a filter press until saturated at 120 PSI. Subsequently, the cake is transferred to trays in an oven at 115°C until dry and a constant weight is achieved. The lumps of the product are then passed through a hammer mill with a 0.5 mm chamber screen. The resulting powder is sieved through a series of meshes from 90 mesh to 325 mesh, returning the reject to the hammer mill grinding chamber. The finished, sieved product has an apparent density of 0.45 g / cc, less than 0.5% humidity.

[0163] Example 3.

[0164] Self-shrinking compound for water-based emulsion coatings

[0165] Using the nanometric calcium carbonate obtained from subprocess 1 described in Example 1, it is fed into disperser 4a of subprocess 4, where a mixture of micronized calcium carbonate and micronized titanium dioxide is added in a 90:10 mass ratio, respectively, until a solids concentration of 50% is reached. Prior to this addition, a dispersant, antifoam, and wetting agent are added. Dispersion is carried out at a peripheral speed of 5 m / s using a Cowles disk for 10 minutes, and then the thickener is added to increase the speed to 10 m / s for 20 minutes. After dispersion is complete, the preservative is added, and the product is packaged.

[0166] Example 4.

[0167] Using 60% w / w of the suspension described in example 4, a water-based vinyl paint was prepared by adding 21% of a 2% solution of cellulose thickener previously hydrated with 15% of a vinyl resin emulsion, 1.5% coalescing agent, and a polymeric thickener in a proportion of 0.5%. Once the components were integrated, the formula was homogenized for 7 minutes at 10 m / s in a Cowles-type disperser. The paint had a fineness of 4.5 Hegman, applied at 3 mils wet, and had an emissivity of 0.91, a reflectance of 0.927, and a calculated IRS of 118.4.

[0168] Example 5.

[0169] Thermal Comparison between a surface coated with paint containing the nanoceramic self-cooling additive and an uncoated surface. As shown in Figure 3, the test consists of using two insulated surfaces of 0.003 m², one coated with the paint obtained from Example 4 and the other uncoated. Both surfaces are exposed to outdoor solar radiation from 11:13 am to 3:43 pm. Both surfaces have a thermocouple located on the underside of the substrate, which is completely insulated. In the experiment, the temperature is recorded during a transient state until both samples reach thermal equilibrium, known as the steady state. Subsequently, the necessary energy is supplied to equalize the temperature of both samples using a heater.5 ohms (Q) with a nominal power of 60 watts connected to a voltage regulator source designed to provide a regulated output voltage, the voltage of which can be adjusted within the range of 0 to 15 volts and, in an experimental arrangement as described in Figure 3. In this experiment, a temperature difference of 9°C could be obtained between the coated surface (45°C) and the uncoated surface (55°C) and it was necessary to apply a voltage of 3.42 V, which is equivalent to a cooling power of 1.1 1 KW / m2.

[0170] The power used to equalize the temperatures of the substrate with and without coating is equivalent to the cooling power since it is the energy required by the substrate to reach the reference substrate temperature.

[0171] Example 6 Indoor Ambient Thermal Comparison of Commercial Paints and a Paint Containing the Nanoceramic Self-Cooling Additive of This Invention

[0172] By applying the paint obtained from example 4 in a room made of construction material of 0.3X0.3X0.3 m applying between 4 and 6 m2 / L and placing a Thermocouple inside in the center, it was possible to record the temperature inside for a period of 6 days for 24 hours (day and night) making records by means of a datalogger (Figure 4)

[0173] Under the same evaluation conditions, 6 tests were prepared with different types of commercial paints and one without coating.

[0174] Considering the average temperature of the different days recorded for the paint formulated with the coating of the present invention called EWHITE, there is a difference of 0.8 to 2.2°C compared against the paints named P1, P2, P3, P4 (100% acrylic architectural commercial paints) and a difference of more than 0.5°C against the paint called “commercial” which corresponds to the leading commercial paint in coatings for temperature control

[0175] Additionally, there are no temperature differences when the upper side is coated with a commercial waterproofing agent and the interior is coated with paint formulated with the self-cooling nanoceramic additive that is the subject of this invention.

[0176] And in the case of the uncoated cabin where the substrate surface is exposed, a temperature difference of up to 9.1 °C is recorded when it is coated with the additive of the present invention. Likewise, the temperature difference between the cabin with the coating of the present invention and a reference surface of concrete or another paint was calculated, and specifically the specific heat capacity of air at 25 °C, 1 atm was calculated according to the formula for specific heat shown below.

[0177] C p = 0.2405 + 0.000019Í

[0178] At 25° C:

[0179] Cp = 0.24 kcal / kg °C

[0180] Considering the air density of 1.2 kg / m³ 3 :

[0181] • Heat capacity 0.29 kcal / m 3 °C

[0182] • Equivalent to 1.214 kJ / m 3 °C

[0183] According to the above, a temperature difference of 2.4 degrees Celsius in a 200 m² house with an estimated air volume of 500 m³ is equivalent to 1456.8 kJ, which is equal to 0.4 kWh of accumulated energy. This equates to 2.4 kWh per day if we consider a 6-hour period during which this difference is maintained, or 887 kWh per year. For 1000 houses coated with paint containing the self-adhering nanoceramic additive described in this invention, called EWHITE, 0.9 GWh / year of energy consumption would be avoided, equivalent to 620 tons of CO₂.

[0184] Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will occur to a person skilled in the art to which the invention belongs, having benefited from the teachings presented in the preceding descriptions and associated drawings. It should therefore be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments and examples described, but that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms are used herein, they are used only in a generic and descriptive sense and not for limiting purposes. It should also be understood that the raw materials from which the various components comprising the invention described herein may be manufactured, and other elements, may vary without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention, and therefore the embodiments referred to should not be considered limiting.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A composition of a self-cooling nanoceramic additive with a high energy reflection index, the composition comprising a primary solvent, a pigment and a filler, a structural strengthening agent, a texture-enhancing agent and a functional additive characterized by the main solvent is present in a range from 30 to 80 percent by weight (%w / w); The pigment and filler are present in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%W / W); The structural reinforcing agent is present in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%W / W); The texture-enhancing agent is present in a range from 0.001 to 10 percent by weight (%W / W).

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the functional additive further comprises a humectant, a dispersant, an antifoaming agent, a thickener, and a preservative.

3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the main solvent is any selected from the group comprising organic solvents such as turpentine and toluene; alcoholic solvents such as ethanol and isopropanol; and aqueous solvents such as water.

4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one pigment and filler is selected from the group comprising calcium carbonate (CaCO3) at micro and nano scales; titanium dioxide (TiO2), barium sulfate (BaSO4) at micro and nano scales, strontium sulfate (SrSO4) at micro and nano scales, alumina (Al2O3) at micro and nano scales, and kaolin, iron oxide (Fe2O3), zinc oxide (ZnO), magnesium oxide (MgO) and magnesium carbonate (MgCO3).

5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one structural reinforcing agent is selected from the group comprising sodium silicoaluminate, silicon oxide, graphene oxide, and powdered glass fiber.

6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one texture-enhancing agent is any selected from the group comprising polymeric microspheres, colloidal silica, bentonite clay, and cellulose powder.

7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the particle size distribution is in a range from 10 pm to 400 nm.

8. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity is in a range from 100 to 10000 cP.

9. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the density is in a range from 1 to 2 g / cm³ 3 .

10. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity is in a range from 2 to 4 g / cm³ 3 .

11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the percentage of actual solids is in a range from 10 to 75%.

12. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the pH is in a range from 7 to 11.

13. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one humectant, which is selected from the group comprising glycerin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium lauryl sulfate, combinations thereof or similar.

14. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one humectant, which is selected from the group comprising glycerin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium lauryl sulfate, combinations thereof or similar.

15. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one dispersant, which is any selected from the group comprising polyacrylic acid polymer, sorbitan oleate, calcium lignosulfonate, phosphate salts, combinations thereof or similar.

16. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one antifoaming agent, which is any selected from the group comprising silicone polyester, silicone oil, modified polymer alkyl amine, combinations thereof or similar.

17. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one thickener, which is any selected from the group comprising hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), polyacrylamide, combinations thereof or similar.

18. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the at least one functional additive of the present invention further comprises at least one preservative, which is any one selected from the group comprising phenoxyethanol, methylisothiazolinone, benzalkonium chloride, combinations thereof or similar.

19. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on a micro scale is in a range from 1 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w).

20. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the nanoscale calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is in a range from 10 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w).

21. The composition according to claim 4, wherein titanium dioxide (TiO2) is in a range from 0.5 to 30 percent by weight (%w / w).

22. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the micro-scale barium sulfate (BaSO4) is in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w).

23. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the nanoscale barium sulfate (BaSO4) is in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w).

24. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the micro-scale strontium sulfate (SrSO4) is in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w).

25. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the nanoscale strontium sulfate (SrSO4) is in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w).

26. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the micro-scale alumina (Al2O3) is in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w).

27. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the nanoscale alumina (Al2O3) is in a range from 0.01 to 60 percent by weight (%w / w).

28. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the kaolin is in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%W / W).

29. The composition according to claim 5, wherein the at least one structural reinforcing agent is in a range from 0.1 to 60 percent by weight (%W / W).

30. The composition according to claim 13, wherein the humectant is present in a range from 0.01 to 10 percent by weight (%w / w).

31. The composition according to claim 14, wherein the dispersant is present in a range from 0.01 to 10 percent by weight (%w / w).

32. The composition according to claim 15, wherein the antifoaming agent is present in a range from 0.001 to 5 percent by weight (%w / w).

33. The composition according to claim 16, wherein the thickener is present in a range from 0.001 to 5 percent by weight (%w / w).

34. The composition according to claim 17, wherein the preservative is present in a range from 0.001 to 5 percent by weight (%w / w).

35. The composition according to claim 32, wherein the at least one antifoaming agent is a polymeric matrix, which is any selected from the group comprising polyurethanes, polyester, polycarbonate, polyacrylates, acrylic, styrenic, vindica and epoxy resins, combinations thereof and / or similar.

36. A method for generating the composition according to claims 1 to 35, comprising the subprocesses of: subprocess 1: dosing at least one pigment and at least one main solvent into a homogenizer (1a) together with the dispersant and wetting agent; subprocess 2: dosing a second selected pigment and the main solvent into a homogenizer (2a) together with the dispersant and wetting agent; subprocess 3: dosing the metal oxide precursors into the wet synthesis reactor (3a); subprocess 4: dosing the dispersion from subprocess 3 into a homogenizer (4a) to incorporate and disperse other components as enhancing agents; and subprocess 5: dosing the product obtained from subprocess 4 to one or a set of surfaces (5a) as a finished product.

37. The method according to claim 36, in subprocess 1, wherein the dispersion contains from 10 to 60% solids, which is dosed in a wet grinding process to reduce the particle size to an average number value of 10 to 90 nm.

38. The method according to claim 36, in subprocess 2, wherein the dispersion contains 30 to 70% solids, which is dosed in a wet grinding process to reduce the particle size to an average number value of 500 to 10000 nm.

39. The method according to claim 36, in subprocess 3, wherein the reaction carried out in the wet synthesis reactor is performed in an aqueous medium, which contains a catalyst selected from the group comprising acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, silicon, alumina or hydrogen peroxide, ethanol or methanol, combinations thereof and / or similar agents until the desired particle size is achieved, wherein the dispersion from subprocesses 1 and 2 is dosed once the particles have been synthesized in subprocess 3 to integrate at least one coagulant selected from the group comprising aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride, calcium chloride, sodium silicate, combinations thereof and / or similar agents into the reaction product and homogenize the combination of the coagulant and the reaction in reactor 3 ato form a complex aggregate structure with the precursors of subprocess 1 and 2 without carrying out particle synthesis.

40. The method according to claim 36, in subprocess 4, wherein the improvement agents such as and not limited to texture improvement agents, functional additive, structural strengthening agent to achieve the desired physicochemical properties.

41. The method according to claim 36, in subprocess 5, wherein the resulting product undergoes a process of filtration (5b), drying (5c), pulverizing (5d) and sieving (5e).

42. The method according to claims 37 and 38, wherein the grinding product is dosed by means of a peristaltic pump (2c).

43. The method according to claims 37 and 38, wherein the conditions of subprocesses 1 and 2 are: a rotor mill operating between 1000 and 1300 rpm or between 13 and 17 m / s maintaining a grinding power of 9 to 12 KW until the target particle size is reached by means of a recirculation process to disperser 1 and 2a which operate with a Cowles-type dispersion disc at a speed of 2 to 10 m / s.

44. The method according to claim 39, wherein the conditions of reactor 3a upon adding raw material for synthesis, the marine propeller agitator operates at a speed of 200 to 1000 rpm to maintain homogeneity of the system.

45. The method according to claim 39, wherein the raw materials from subprocess 1 and 2, the reactor 3a of subprocess 3 operates at a speed of 700 to 1500 rpm.

46. ​​The method according to claim 40, wherein the disperser with a Cowles type agitator 4a with the product from subprocess 3 operates at a speed of 5 to 15 m / s.

47. Use of the composition according to claims 1 to 35, generated from the method according to claims 36 to 46, as any product selected from the group comprising architectural paint, waterproofing, top coat, fiber cement panels, senders, alkyd coatings and combinations thereof or similar in at least one application, any of the group comprising the automotive, aerospace, textile, energy, food, electronics, computer, medical, polymer materials industries and combinations thereof.

48. The use of the composition according to claim 47, wherein it is applied in high concentration (>40%-80% by weight) and dosed in the final product formulation process.

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