Electron beam control device and electron accelerator

Abstract

An electron beam control device and an electron accelerator, which relate to the field of electron accelerators. The electron accelerator comprises a first electrode sheet (201), a second electrode sheet (202), an electron gun (204) and a high-voltage end (203), wherein the high-voltage end (203) is connected to the first electrode sheet (201); and a cathode of the electron gun (204) is arranged between the first electrode sheet (201) and the second electrode sheet (202). The electron beam control device comprises a first hydraulic cylinder (301) and a control switch (302), wherein the control switch (302) is connected between the high-voltage end (203) and the second electrode sheet (202); and the first hydraulic cylinder (301) is connected to a hydraulic pump by means of a liquid delivery pipe, a piston of the first hydraulic cylinder (301) is connected to the control switch (302), and the piston drives the control switch (302) to open and close. The instant closing and opening of an electron beam can be realized, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency of irradiation processing, improving the irradiation efficiency, and improving the usage safety of an apparatus.

Description

Electron beam control device and electron accelerator Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electron accelerators, and particularly to an electron beam control device and an electron accelerator. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage electron accelerators are designed to accelerate electrons. They inject electrons emitted from an electron gun into an accelerating tube. Under the acceleration of the high-intensity electric field formed by the electrodes of the accelerating tube, the electrons quickly approach the speed of light, and their energy quickly reaches hundreds of kilovolts, megavolts, or even tens or hundreds of megaelectron volts. This forms a high-energy electron beam to irradiate and process objects; or it can rotate a target to generate X-rays to irradiate and process large objects or high-density products.

[0003] The formation of a high-energy electron beam will generate strong radiation in the surrounding area, which must be shielded with very thick, high-density materials. The transmission line must have many bends to ensure that the radiation does not leak into the outside workplace and cause serious harm to personnel.

[0004] Given the characteristics of electron beams, irradiating objects with electron beams requires the construction of a massive shielding system to ensure reliability and safety. This not only incurs huge material costs but also occupies a large area, undoubtedly representing a significant capital investment and an increase in irradiation costs for irradiation processing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing electron accelerator systems, which require the construction of a large shielding system, incurring huge material costs and occupying a large space. This invention provides an electron beam control device and electron accelerator that can realize the instantaneous switching on and off of the electron beam, significantly improve the production efficiency of irradiation processing, enhance the safety of equipment use, and provide the necessary foundation for the miniaturization and even mobility of irradiation processing.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0007] An electron beam control device is provided for an electron accelerator, the electron accelerator including a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, an electron gun, and a high-voltage terminal, the high-voltage terminal being connected to the first electrode plate, and the cathode of the electron gun being disposed between the first and second electrode plates. The device is characterized in that it includes a first hydraulic cylinder and a control switch.

[0008] The control switch is connected between the high-voltage end and the second electrode plate;

[0009] The first hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic pump via a fluid delivery line. The piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the control switch, and the piston drives the control switch to open and close.

[0010] Preferably, the electron beam control device includes two mounting components, a guide rod, and a slider. A first hydraulic cylinder is fixed between the two mounting components. The control switch is a first reed switch. The piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the slider. The slider is mounted on the guide rod. The axial direction of the guide rod is parallel to the movement direction of the piston. A first magnet is provided on the slider. The piston drives the slider to move along the guide rod. When the first magnet and the reed contact point of the first reed switch are aligned in the axial direction, the first reed switch closes and conducts.

[0011] Preferably, there are two guide rods fixed between two mounting components. The slider includes a U-shaped bracket and a mounting block. The bottom of the U-shaped bracket is connected to the piston. The mounting block is located at the front end of the two arms of the U-shaped bracket and is mounted on the guide rod.

[0012] Preferably, the projection of the reed switch onto the plane containing the two guide rods is located between the two guide rods, and the first magnet is located between the two guide rods.

[0013] Preferably, the electron accelerator includes an anode potential adjustment device, which includes a rheostat and a second hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] The rheostat is connected between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate;

[0015] The second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic pump via a fluid delivery line, and the piston of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the rheostat. The piston drives the rheostat to adjust the resistance value.

[0016] Preferably, the rheostat includes a plurality of second anode resistors and a plurality of second reed switches. The second electrode plate is connected to the first electrode plate through all the second anode resistors connected in series. Two adjacent second anode resistors are connected to the first electrode plate through a second reed switch. The piston is used to drive the opening and closing of each second reed switch.

[0017] The rheostat includes two fixing parts, two circuit boards and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is fixed between the two fixing parts. A second magnet is provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft. A second reed switch is arranged around the cylindrical outer surface of the rotating shaft and the reed contact point of the second reed switch is aligned with the second magnet in the axial position. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the piston through a rocker arm. The piston drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0018] Preferably, the two ends of the second reed switch are connected to the two circuit boards respectively, and the two ends of the second anode resistor are connected to the two circuit boards respectively.

[0019] The first reed switch is connected to two circuit boards at both ends. The first reed switch is connected in parallel with a first anode resistor. The first anode resistor is connected in series with a second anode resistor. The first anode resistor is connected to two circuit boards at both ends.

[0020] The first reed switch, the first anode resistor, the second reed switch, and the second anode resistor are all connected to the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate through the circuit board.

[0021] Preferably, the electron accelerator includes a control device that transmits a rheostat control signal to the hydraulic pump.

[0022] Preferably, the control device transmits a control switch signal to the hydraulic pump when the resistance of the variable resistor is at its minimum.

[0023] The present invention also provides an electron accelerator, characterized in that the electron accelerator includes an electron beam control device as described above.

[0024] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0026] This invention enables the instantaneous switching on and off of the electron beam, which can significantly improve the production efficiency of irradiation processing and enhance the safety of equipment use.

[0027] In order to change the current situation where electron accelerator shielding systems occupy a large area, this invention pioneers a method that no one in the accelerator industry has ever dared to try: instantaneously shutting down and opening the electron beam.

[0028] The advantage of this method is that it does not require building a large and complex shielding system; only a small area needs to be shielded for irradiation. The object is placed inside, the shielding chamber is closed, and the beam is turned on for irradiation. After irradiation, the beam is turned off, the shielding chamber is opened, the irradiated object is removed, and a new object is placed inside, thus repeating the irradiation process.

[0029] It should be noted that the working area is safe and there is no radiation hazard when the beam is turned off.

[0030] Of course, using robots to place and retrieve items would provide even greater security. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the electron beam control device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the electron beam control device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the anode potential adjustment device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the anode potential adjustment device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the anode potential adjustment device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals: 201, First electrode plate; 202, Second electrode plate; 204, Electron gun; 203, High-voltage end; 301, First hydraulic cylinder; 302, Control switch; 303, Mounting component; 304, Guide rod; 305, Slider; 3051, First magnet; 3052, U-shaped bracket; 3053, Mounting block; 101, Rheostat; 102, Second hydraulic cylinder; 1010, Second anode resistor; 1011, Second reed switch; 1012, Fixing component; 1013, Circuit board; 1014, Rotating shaft; 2031, High-voltage power supply; 1016, First branch; 1017, Second branch; 1018, Third branch; 10131, First circuit board; 10132, Second circuit board; 10111, One end of the second reed switch; 10112, The other end of the second reed switch; 10101, Current direction. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further illustrated by way of embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] In this embodiment, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the electron accelerator includes an electron beam control device, a first electrode 201, a second electrode 202, an electron gun 204, and a high-voltage terminal 203.

[0041] The high-voltage terminal 203 is connected to the first electrode plate 201, and the cathode of the electron gun 204 is located between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate.

[0042] The electron beam control device includes a first hydraulic cylinder 301 and a control switch 302.

[0043] The control switch 302 is connected between the high voltage terminal 203 and the second electrode plate 202.

[0044] The first hydraulic cylinder 301 is connected to a hydraulic pump via a fluid delivery pipeline.

[0045] The piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the control switch, and the piston drives the control switch to open and close.

[0046] The electron beam control device includes two mounting components 303, a guide rod 304, and a slider 305, with a first hydraulic cylinder 301 fixed between the two mounting components 303.

[0047] The control switch 302 is a first reed switch, the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the slider 305, and the slider is mounted on the guide rod.

[0048] The axial direction of the guide rod is parallel to the direction of movement of the piston.

[0049] The slider is provided with a first magnet 3051. The piston drives the slider to move along the guide rod. When the first magnet and the reed contact point of the first reed are aligned in the axial position, the first reed closes and conducts.

[0050] The guide rods are of two types and fixed between two mounting components. The slider 305 includes a U-shaped bracket 3052 and a mounting block 3053. The bottom of the U-shaped bracket 3052 is connected to the piston. The mounting block is located at the front end of the two arms of the U-shaped bracket and is mounted on the guide rod 304. The first magnet is located on the mounting block.

[0051] The projection of the reed switch onto the plane containing the two guide rods is located between the two guide rods, and the first magnet is located between the two guide rods.

[0052] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the electron accelerator also includes an anode potential adjustment device, which includes a rheostat 101 and a second hydraulic cylinder 102.

[0053] The rheostat 101 is connected between the first electrode plate 201 and the second electrode plate 202;

[0054] The second hydraulic cylinder 102 is connected to the hydraulic pump through a fluid delivery line. The piston of the second hydraulic cylinder 102 is connected to the rheostat, and the piston drives the rheostat to adjust the resistance value.

[0055] The rheostat 101 includes a plurality of second anode resistors 1010 and a plurality of second reed switches 1011. The second electrode plate 202 is connected to the first electrode plate 201 through all the second anode resistors 1010 connected in series.

[0056] Two adjacent second anode resistors are connected to the first electrode piece 201 via a second reed switch 1011, and the piston is used to open and close each second reed switch;

[0057] The rheostat 101 includes two fixing members 1012, two circuit boards 1013 and a rotating shaft 1014.

[0058] The rotating shaft 1014 is fixed between two fixing members 1012.

[0059] A second magnet is provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and a second reed switch is arranged around the cylindrical outer surface of the rotating shaft, with the reed contact point of the second reed switch aligned with the axial position of the second magnet.

[0060] One end of the rotating shaft 1014 is connected to the piston via a rocker arm, and the piston drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0061] The two ends of the second reed switch are connected to the two circuit boards respectively, and the two ends of the second anode resistor are connected to the two circuit boards respectively.

[0062] The first reed switch is connected to two circuit boards at both ends. The first reed switch is connected in parallel with a first anode resistor. The first anode resistor is connected in series with a second anode resistor. The first anode resistor is connected to two circuit boards at both ends.

[0063] The first reed switch, the first anode resistor, the second reed switch, and the second anode resistor are all connected to the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate through the circuit board.

[0064] The electron accelerator includes a control device that transmits rheostat control signals to the hydraulic pump.

[0065] The control device transmits a control switch signal to the hydraulic pump when the resistance of the variable resistor is at its minimum.

[0066] The specific workflow is as follows: the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is reduced by using the anode potential adjustment device. Specifically, the resistance value of the rheostat is gradually reduced. When the resistance value is reduced to the minimum value, the control switch is activated.

[0067] The technique of instantaneously turning the beam on and off: When the cathode of the electron gun reaches a certain high temperature, it emits a large number of electrons. At this time, the electrons are attracted out by the absorber (commonly known as the anode) which is positively charged relative to the cathode, and injected into the accelerating tube for acceleration. This is how a high-energy electron beam is formed, which also produces strong radiation that is harmful to the environment and the human body.

[0068] The method in this embodiment is as follows: 1. After the irradiation work is completed, the anode and cathode are suddenly short-circuited (the beam control switch is closed). Without the positive potential of the anode relative to the cathode, the electrons emitted by the cathode cannot escape, and the electrons cannot enter the accelerating tube to be accelerated, so a high-energy electron beam cannot be formed, and there will be no radiation hazard. At this time, the shielded room can be safely opened to take out and put in the items; 2. After putting in the items and closing the shielded room, the anode and cathode are suddenly open-circuited (the beam control switch is opened). At this time, because the anode has a positive potential relative to the cathode, the electrons near the cathode are quickly drawn out and injected into the accelerating tube, and a high-energy electron beam is formed immediately, so the items can be irradiated immediately.

[0069] This invention significantly reduces the construction cost of radiation shielding while ensuring radiation safety, and also greatly reduces the space occupied by irradiation processing, providing the necessary basic conditions for the miniaturization and even mobility of irradiation processing.

[0070] Referring to Figure 5, specifically, the high-voltage power supply 2031 of the electron accelerator is divided into a first branch 1016, a second branch 1017 and a third branch 1018.

[0071] The two circuit boards are the first circuit board 10131 and the second circuit board 10132, respectively.

[0072] The first branch 1016 is located on the first circuit board 10131, and the second branch 1017 is located on the second circuit board 10132.

[0073] The third branch consists of a series of second anode resistors 1010, with one end of each second anode resistor located on the first circuit board and the other end located on the second circuit board.

[0074] For a second anode resistor, when the current direction 10101 in the second anode resistor is from the first circuit board to the second circuit board, one end 10111 of the second reed switch 1011 corresponding to the second anode resistor is connected to the first branch 1016 and the other end 10112 of the second reed switch is connected between the second anode resistor and the next second anode resistor.

[0075] When the current direction 10101 in the second anode resistor is from the second circuit board to the first circuit board, one end of the second reed switch corresponding to the second anode resistor is connected to the second branch 1017 and the other end is connected between the second anode resistor and the next second anode resistor.

[0076] The first, second, and third branches are connected after the last second anode resistor. That is, they are connected at the node between the last second anode resistor and the second electrode plate.

[0077] The second anode resistor is connected in series with the boost resistor. The last resistor of the boost resistor (the bottom resistor) is the sampling resistor. The voltage value of the anode under the current resistance value of the variable resistor can be obtained through the sampling resistor.

[0078] In Figure 4, reference numeral 1013 corresponds to 10131 and 10132 in circuit diagram 5, which are two circuit boards. Figure 5 shows the wiring and installation method of the resistors and switches in Figure 3. This wiring method, after removing the two circuit boards and simplifying, looks like Figure 3. The simplified Figure 3 can be replaced by a rheostat icon.

[0079] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electron beam control device for an electron accelerator, the electron accelerator comprising a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, an electron gun, and a high-voltage terminal, the high-voltage terminal being connected to the first electrode plate, and the cathode of the electron gun being disposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, characterized in that, The electron beam control device includes a first hydraulic cylinder and a control switch. The control switch is connected between the high-voltage end and the second electrode plate; The first hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic pump via a fluid delivery line. The piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the control switch, and the piston drives the control switch to open and close.

2. The electron beam control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electron beam control device includes two mounting components, a guide rod, and a slider. A first hydraulic cylinder is fixed between the two mounting components. The control switch is a first reed switch. The piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the slider. The slider is mounted on the guide rod. The axial direction of the guide rod is parallel to the movement direction of the piston. A first magnet is provided on the slider. The piston drives the slider to move along the guide rod. When the first magnet and the reed contact point of the first reed switch are aligned in the axial position, the first reed switch closes and conducts.

3. The electron beam control device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The guide rods are of two types and are fixed between two mounting components. The slider includes a U-shaped bracket and a mounting block. The bottom of the U-shaped bracket is connected to the piston. The mounting block is located at the front end of the two arms of the U-shaped bracket and is mounted on the guide rod.

4. The electron beam control device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The projection of the reed switch onto the plane containing the two guide rods is located between the two guide rods, and the first magnet is located between the two guide rods.

5. The electron beam control device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The electron accelerator includes an anode potential adjustment device, which comprises a rheostat and a second hydraulic cylinder. The rheostat is connected between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate; The second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic pump via a fluid delivery line, and the piston of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the rheostat. The piston drives the rheostat to adjust the resistance value.

6. The electron beam control device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The rheostat includes several second anode resistors and several second reed switches. The second electrode plate is connected to the first electrode plate through all the second anode resistors connected in series. Two adjacent second anode resistors are connected to the first electrode plate through a second reed switch. The piston is used to drive the opening and closing of each second reed switch. The rheostat includes two fixing parts, two circuit boards and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is fixed between the two fixing parts. A second magnet is provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft. A second reed switch is arranged around the cylindrical outer surface of the rotating shaft and the reed contact point of the second reed switch is aligned with the second magnet in the axial position. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the piston through a rocker arm. The piston drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

7. The electron beam control device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The two ends of the second reed switch are connected to the two circuit boards respectively, and the two ends of the second anode resistor are connected to the two circuit boards respectively. The first reed switch is connected to two circuit boards at both ends. The first reed switch is connected in parallel with a first anode resistor. The first anode resistor is connected in series with a second anode resistor. The first anode resistor is connected to two circuit boards at both ends. The first reed switch, the first anode resistor, the second reed switch, and the second anode resistor are all connected to the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate through the circuit board.

8. The electron beam control device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The electron accelerator includes a control device that transmits rheostat control signals to the hydraulic pump.

9. The electron beam control device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The control device transmits a control switch signal to the hydraulic pump when the resistance of the rheostat is at its minimum.

10. An electron accelerator, characterized in that, The electron accelerator includes an electron beam control device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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