Stator lamination, stator core, stator, electric motor, powertrain, and vehicle

Abstract

A stator lamination, a stator core, a stator, an electric motor, a powertrain, and a vehicle. The stator lamination is made of an amorphous alloy material. A yoke portion and a plurality of tooth portions are provided on the stator lamination. The plurality of tooth portions are arranged at intervals along a circumferential direction of the stator lamination, and the yoke portion is connected to the side of the plurality of tooth portions away from the center of the stator lamination. The length of the yoke portion along a radial direction of the stator lamination is a first length, and the length of any one of the plurality of tooth portions along the radial direction of the stator lamination is a second length. The ratio of the first length to the second length satisfies a first preset range, and the first preset range is 0.95-1.52.

Description

Stator laminations, stator cores, stators, motors, powertrains and vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202411720399.0, filed on November 26, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to a stator lamination, stator core, stator, motor, powertrain, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] In traditional motors, the stator core is usually made of silicon steel sheets. Stator cores made of silicon steel sheets have disadvantages such as high eddy current losses and high energy consumption, resulting in low motor efficiency.

[0004] The amorphous alloy motor disclosed in the related technology has a stator core made of amorphous alloy material. Amorphous alloy has excellent soft magnetic properties, with higher permeability and resistivity than silicon steel sheets, and lower coercivity and eddy current effect than silicon steel sheets, thus reducing eddy current loss of the stator core. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure aims to provide a stator lamination, a stator core, a stator, a motor, a powertrain, and a vehicle to solve the problem of low motor efficiency caused by stator laminations made of amorphous alloy materials in the related art.

[0006] In a first aspect, a stator lamination is provided, the stator lamination being made of an amorphous alloy material. The stator lamination has a yoke and a plurality of teeth, the plurality of teeth being spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the stator lamination, and the yoke being connected to a side of the plurality of teeth away from the center of the stator lamination. The radial length of the yoke along the stator lamination is a first length, and the radial length of any one of the plurality of teeth along the stator lamination is a second length, the ratio of the first length to the second length satisfying a first preset range, the first preset range being 0.95 to 1.52.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first preset range is 1.15 to 1.3.

[0008] In some embodiments, the teeth include two sidewalls disposed circumferentially opposite to each other along the stator lamination. At least a portion of the teeth have arcuate grooves at the ends of the two sidewalls away from the yoke.

[0009] In some embodiments, the curvature of the arcuate groove is 0.2 to 0.8.

[0010] In some embodiments, the ratio of the maximum radial dimension of the arcuate groove to the radial dimension of the tooth on the stator lamination is between 5% and 20%.

[0011] In some embodiments, a stator slot is formed between two adjacent teeth in the plurality of teeth, and the length of the stator slot along the radial direction of the stator lamination is equal to the second length.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second length satisfies a second preset range, which is 15mm to 20mm.

[0013] In a second aspect, a stator core is provided, the stator core comprising: a plurality of stator laminations as described above, the plurality of stator laminations being stacked along the axial direction of the stator core, each of the plurality of stator laminations comprising at least two layers of amorphous alloy sheets stacked along the axial direction of the stator core.

[0014] Thirdly, a stator is provided, the stator comprising: a plurality of stator cores as described above, the plurality of stator cores being stacked axially.

[0015] Fourthly, an electric motor is provided, the motor comprising: a housing, the aforementioned stator, and a rotor, the stator being disposed within the housing. The rotor is disposed within the housing and connected to the stator.

[0016] In some embodiments, the rotor includes: at least one rotor core made of an amorphous alloy material, the rotor core having a plurality of magnetic slot groups spaced apart circumferentially, each of the plurality of magnetic slot groups including a plurality of magnetic slots configured to accommodate magnetic elements. The number of the plurality of magnetic slot groups is a first number, the sum of the number of magnetic slots in one of the plurality of magnetic slot groups is a second number, and the ratio of the first number to the second number satisfies a third preset range, the third preset range being 0.66 to 7.

[0017] In some embodiments, the third preset range is 1 to 2.

[0018] In some embodiments, the magnetic slot group includes a first magnetic slot group and a second magnetic slot group, the first magnetic slot group and the second magnetic slot group are distributed radially spaced along the rotor core, and the second magnetic slot group is close to the center of the rotor core. The first magnetic slot group includes at least two first magnetic slots, and the second magnetic slot group includes at least two second magnetic slots.

[0019] In some embodiments, the rotor core has an outer peripheral wall, which includes a plurality of arc-shaped peripheral wall segments sequentially distributed along the circumference of the rotor core, each of the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral wall segments corresponding to a plurality of magnetic slot groups. In the first magnetic slot group and the second magnetic slot group, the ratio of the minimum distance between adjacent first and second magnetic slots to the arc length of one of the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral wall segments along the circumference of the rotor core satisfies a fourth preset range, wherein the fourth preset range is 0.05 to 0.08.

[0020] In some embodiments, the magnetic slot group has a central axis. The at least two first magnetic slots in the first magnetic slot group are circumferentially spaced on both sides of the central axis, and a first angle is formed between the centerlines of the at least two first magnetic slots. The at least two second magnetic slots in the second magnetic slot group are circumferentially spaced on both sides of the central axis, and a second angle is formed between the centerlines of the at least two second magnetic slots.

[0021] In some embodiments, the ratio of the first included angle to the second included angle satisfies a fifth preset range, wherein the fifth preset range is 0.75 to 1.9.

[0022] In some embodiments, the at least one rotor core includes a plurality of rotor cores stacked along the axial direction of the rotor, each of the plurality of rotor cores including multiple layers of rotor laminations stacked along the axial direction of the rotor core, each of the multiple layers of rotor laminations including at least two layers of amorphous alloy sheets stacked along the axial direction of the rotor core.

[0023] Fifthly, a powertrain is provided, the powertrain including the motor described above.

[0024] Sixthly, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle comprising: the powertrain described above or the electric motor described above.

[0025] In some embodiments of this disclosure, since the stator lamination includes a toothed portion and a yoke, the length of the yoke along the radial direction of the stator lamination is a first length, and the length of the toothed portion along the radial direction of the stator lamination is a second length. By making the ratio of the first length to the second length satisfy a first preset range between 0.95 and 1.52, the first length and the second length are reasonably adjusted, which can improve the magnetic saturation degree of the yoke and the toothed portion, which is beneficial to improving the saturation suppression problem of the amorphous motor, resulting in a higher output torque of the amorphous motor and improving the efficiency of the amorphous motor.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a stator according to some embodiments;

[0029] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a stator lamination according to some embodiments;

[0030] Figure 3 is a magnified view of a portion of circle A in Figure 2;

[0031] Figure 4 is a comparison of the magnetization curves of amorphous alloy materials and silicon steel materials;

[0032] Figure 5 is a comparison of the relative magnetic permeability curves of amorphous alloy materials and silicon steel materials;

[0033] Figures 6 and 7 are comparisons of torque and current for amorphous motors and silicon steel motors under different speeds and load conditions.

[0034] Figure 8 is a magnetic flux density distribution diagram of an electric motor according to some embodiments;

[0035] Figure 9 is a magnetization curve of an amorphous material according to some embodiments;

[0036] Figure 10 shows the iron loss distribution of a stator core outside a first preset range with a yoke tooth ratio according to some embodiments;

[0037] Figure 11 shows the iron loss distribution of a stator core with a yoke ratio within a first preset range according to some embodiments;

[0038] Figure 12 is a comparison of the ratio of the first length to the second length of the stator core and the motor efficiency according to some embodiments;

[0039] Figure 13 is a diagram showing the influence of the yoke tooth ratio of a stator core on the ratio of motor output torque according to some embodiments.

[0040] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a rotor according to some embodiments;

[0041] Figure 15 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a rotor shown in Figure 14;

[0042] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the tearing structure of the amorphous alloy sheet;

[0043] Figure 17 shows the effect of the slotting factor on the motor's limiting speed and output torque.

[0044] Figure 18 shows the effect of different magnetic pole numbers on stress;

[0045] Figure 19 shows the effect of different magnetic pole numbers on the peak torque and operating efficiency of the motor.

[0046] Figure 20 shows the effect of different magnetic bridge widths on the peak power and operating efficiency of the motor.

[0047] Figure 21 shows the influence of the direct-to-quadrature pitch ratio on the motor output torque;

[0048] Figure 22 shows the influence of magnetic flux density at the minimum distance between two adjacent magnetic slots on the motor output torque.

[0049] Figure 23 shows the influence of the minimum distance between magnetic slots of adjacent magnetic poles on the motor output torque;

[0050] Figure 24 shows the effect of the included angle ratio on stress.

[0051] Figure 25 is a block diagram of a motor according to some embodiments;

[0052] Figure 26 is a block diagram of a powertrain according to some embodiments;

[0053] Figure 27 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments;

[0054] Figure 28 is a block diagram of another vehicle according to some embodiments.

[0055] Reference numerals: 1000, vehicle; 500, powertrain; 300, motor; 301, housing; 200, rotor; 1, stator; 100, stator core; 10, stator lamination; 11, yoke; 12, tooth; 121, sidewall; 122, arc-shaped slot; 111, through hole; he - first length; hc - second length; 13, stator slot; 2, cover plate; 20, rotor core; 21, magnetic slot group; 210, first magnetic slot group; 211 - second magnetic slot group; 2100, first magnetic slot; 2110, second magnetic slot; F, central axis; α, arc length; h, minimum spacing. Detailed Implementation

[0056] Embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0057] The terms "first" and "second" in this disclosure may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0058] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure.

[0059] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] In related technologies, amorphous alloy motors use amorphous alloy materials for their stator cores. Amorphous alloys have excellent soft magnetic properties, with higher permeability and resistivity than silicon steel sheets, and lower coercivity and eddy current effects, which reduces eddy current losses in the stator core. However, their saturation magnetic flux density is lower than that of silicon steel sheets, which reduces the efficiency of the motor.

[0061] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a stator lamination in some embodiments. The stator laminations of some embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] Referring to Figures 2-3, the stator lamination 10 provided in some embodiments of this disclosure is made of amorphous alloy material. The stator lamination 10 is provided with a yoke 11 and a plurality of teeth 12. The plurality of teeth 12 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the stator lamination 10. The yoke 11 is connected to the side of the plurality of teeth 12 away from the center of the stator lamination 10. The radial length of the yoke 11 along the stator lamination 10 is a first length he, and the radial length of the teeth 12 along the stator lamination 10 is a second length hc. The ratio of the first length he to the second length hc satisfies a first preset range, which is 0.95 to 1.52.

[0063] In some embodiments, there are multiple stator laminations 10, which are stacked along the axial direction of the stator laminations 10, and each stator lamination 10 includes at least two layers of amorphous alloy sheets stacked along the axial direction of the stator laminations 10.

[0064] The stator lamination 10, made of amorphous alloy material, comprises multiple layers of amorphous alloy sheets stacked along the axial direction of the stator lamination 10. It should be noted that, taking amorphous alloy strip as an example, it is a thin strip with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm obtained by rapidly cooling molten metal by spraying it onto rollers using extreme cold. The cooling rate can reach 10⁵-10⁶ °C / s, thus ensuring that the metal is difficult to crystallize, resulting in irregularly arranged atoms and the absence of lattices or grain boundaries within the amorphous material. This gives the amorphous alloy strip higher mechanical properties (such as higher tensile strength and compressive strength) and better magnetic properties (such as low loss). Amorphous alloy strip is processed into amorphous alloy sheets, which are then stamped to form stator laminations.

[0065] In practical applications, amorphous alloy strips include, but are not limited to, iron-based amorphous alloy strips and iron-nickel-based alloy strips. The difficulty in manufacturing these amorphous alloy strips lies in controlling the uniformity of the forming process. Generally, molten metal needs to be released through a nozzle onto rollers for rapid cooling. During this process, the wider the amorphous alloy strip, the lower its uniformity of forming, thus affecting the yield. Currently, the width of amorphous alloy strips with high yield is generally below 200mm; however, the outer diameter of stator lamination 10 may be greater than 200mm. Therefore, to improve the yield of manufacturing large-size amorphous alloy strips, the iron content can be appropriately reduced during the preparation process. This not only improves the uniformity of the forming but also increases the resistivity of the amorphous alloy strip, reducing eddy current losses (i.e., reducing iron losses).

[0066] In some embodiments, in an electric motor, the eddy current loss P on the stator lamination 10 can be expressed by formula (1);

[0067] Where U is the induced electromotive force generated by the alternating magnetic field, s is the conductor cross-sectional area (i.e., the thickness of the amorphous alloy), l is the path length of the induced current, and ρ is the eddy current path resistivity (i.e., the resistivity of the amorphous material). As shown in the above equation, increasing the resistivity ρ can reduce eddy current losses. In some embodiments, the resistivity ρ can be increased by reducing the iron content. Since iron is a good conductor, reducing the iron content increases the resistivity ρ, thereby reducing eddy current losses and improving the efficiency of the amorphous motor.

[0068] However, iron is also a magnetically conductive element. Reducing the iron content will, on the one hand, lead to a decrease in the saturation magnetic flux density of amorphous alloy materials. Taking amorphous motors and silicon steel motors as examples, Figure 4 shows a comparison of the magnetization curves of amorphous alloy materials and silicon steel materials. In Figure 4, the horizontal axis H represents magnetic field strength in amperes per meter (A / m), and the vertical axis B represents magnetic flux density in tesla (T). Figure 4 shows that the magnetic flux density B of amorphous alloy materials is significantly lower than that of silicon steel materials, which will result in insufficient output torque of amorphous motors under heavy loads. On the other hand, Figure 5 shows a comparison of the relative permeability μr curves of amorphous alloy materials and silicon steel materials. In Figure 5, the horizontal axis B represents magnetic flux density, and the vertical axis represents relative permeability. As shown in Figure 5, the relative permeability μr of amorphous alloy materials above 0.8T begins to decrease significantly, even lower than that of silicon steel motors. This will cause magnetic circuit saturation during the operation of amorphous motors. After magnetic circuit saturation, a higher armature current is required to compensate for the torque loss caused by the decrease in relative permeability μr in order to ensure the output torque of the motor. However, the increase in armature current will lead to an increase in copper loss of amorphous motors, reducing the motor's operating efficiency.

[0069] During the operation of the motor, the formula for expressing the output torque of the motor is:

[0070] T∝pΨi q +(L d -L q )i d i q (2)

[0071] In formula (2), T is the output torque of the motor, p is the number of pole pairs of the motor, Ψ is the permanent magnet flux linkage, and L is the torque of the motor. d For a direct-axis inductor, L q For quadrature axis inductance, i d i is the direct-axis current of the armature winding. qFor the cross-axis current of the armature winding. In formula (3), L is the inductance, μ is the permeability, μ is the cross-sectional area of ​​the core, N is the number of turns of the coil, and l is the magnetic path length of the core. When the saturation degree of the motor is low, the permeability μ is high, and when the saturation degree is high, the permeability μ is low. From the above formula, it can be seen that when the saturation degree of the motor is high, the permeability μ is low, and when the saturation degree of the motor is low, the permeability μ is high. The first half of formula (i.e., pΨi) q ) is the permanent magnet torque, the latter half (i.e., (L) d -L q )i d i q The torque is the reluctance torque. When the motor operates at its highest load, the motor saturation increases, and the permeability μ decreases, resulting in insufficient output torque. After magnetic circuit saturation, a higher armature current is required to compensate for the torque loss caused by the decrease in permeability μ, in order to ensure the motor's output torque. However, the increase in armature current will lead to increased copper losses in the amorphous motor, reducing the motor's operating efficiency.

[0072] In some embodiments, taking amorphous motors and silicon steel motors as examples, Figures 6 and 7 show a comparison of torque and current of amorphous motors and silicon steel motors under different speeds and load conditions. Figure 6 is a comparison of torque and current of amorphous motors and silicon steel motors before the turning speed (e.g., 3000 rpm), and Figure 7 is a comparison of torque and current of amorphous motors and silicon steel motors after the turning speed (5000 rpm). As can be seen from Figures 6 and 7, compared with silicon steel motors, the reduced iron content in amorphous alloy materials leads to a deterioration in the magnetic permeability of amorphous alloy materials, resulting in lower reluctance torque in amorphous motors. This limits the torque output of the motor and reduces the efficiency of amorphous motors using stator laminations 10 made of amorphous alloy materials.

[0073] In some embodiments, referring to FIG8, a magnetic flux density distribution diagram of an electric motor according to some embodiments is shown. FIG8 is a magnetic flux density distribution diagram of the motor obtained after finite element analysis. From FIG2, FIG8 and FIG14, it can be concluded that the regions on the stator of the motor that are prone to magnetic circuit saturation are the yoke 11 of the stator lamination 10, the tooth 12 of the stator lamination 10, and the narrow region between the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211 on the rotor core 20 (region M as shown in FIG8).

[0074] It should be noted that medium-to-high load motors typically refer to motors with a load rate of 30% to 100%. Referring to Figure 9, a magnetization curve of an amorphous material according to some embodiments is shown. In Figure 9, the horizontal axis H represents the magnetic field strength, and the vertical axis B represents the magnetic flux density. As shown in Figure 9, to solve the problem of magnetic circuit saturation at the above three locations, the hysteresis loop of the amorphous motor is divided into a linear magnetic circuit region and a nonlinear magnetic circuit region. The yoke 11 belongs to the linear magnetic circuit region, and its local magnetic flux density value is generally less than 1.4T, while the tooth 12 and the narrow region between the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211 on the rotor core 20 belong to the nonlinear magnetic circuit region, and its local saturation magnetic flux density is generally higher than 1.4T.

[0075] In practical applications, due to limitations such as the stator size and number of pole pairs, it is difficult to adjust the current-carrying length of the magnetic field. Therefore, for the yoke 11 of the stator lamination 10, some embodiments of this disclosure improve the saturation suppression problem of amorphous motors by reasonably increasing the current-carrying width of the yoke 11, i.e., the radial width of the yoke 11 along the stator lamination 10, i.e., the first length he. For example, when the first length he increases, the magnetic flux density decreases linearly, and the magnetic reluctance decreases rapidly, thereby effectively improving the magnetic circuit saturation problem and improving the output torque and efficiency of the motor.

[0076] Referring to Figure 2, a stator slot 13 is formed between two adjacent teeth 12 of the stator lamination 10. The stator slot 13 is configured to mount the armature winding. When the current-carrying width of the tooth 12, i.e., the width of the tooth 12 along the circumference of the stator lamination 10, is increased, it will occupy the mounting space of the armature winding, resulting in an increase in resistance. Therefore, for the teeth 12 of the stator lamination 10, some embodiments of this disclosure improve the saturation suppression problem of amorphous motors by reducing the current-carrying length of the tooth 12, i.e., the radial length of the tooth 12 along the stator core, i.e., the second length hc. When the second length hc is reduced, the magnetic flux density decreases linearly, and the magnetic reluctance decreases rapidly, thereby effectively improving the magnetic circuit saturation problem and improving the output torque and efficiency of the motor. However, excessively increasing the first length hc and decreasing the second length hc will result in too small a mounting space for the armature winding, which will lead to an increase in the copper loss of the motor. In this case, the output torque and efficiency of the motor will actually decrease. Therefore, the ratio of the first length he and the second length hc needs to be controlled within a suitable range so that the motor has both high output torque and high motor efficiency.

[0077] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the stator lamination 10 includes a toothed portion 12 and a yoke portion 11. The yoke portion 11 has a first length he along the radial direction of the stator lamination 10, and the toothed portion 12 has a second length hc along the radial direction of the stator lamination 10. By making the ratio of the first length he to the second length hc satisfy a first preset range, and making the first preset range between 0.95 and 1.52, the output torque and efficiency of the motor can be improved.

[0078] Referring to Figure 10, an iron loss distribution diagram is shown for the yoke tooth ratio of a stator lamination 10 outside a first preset range according to some embodiments. Referring to Figure 11, an iron loss distribution diagram is shown for the yoke tooth ratio of a stator lamination 10 within a first preset range according to some embodiments. Here, the yoke tooth ratio refers to the ratio of the yoke dimension to the tooth dimension. For example, the ratio of the first length he to the second length hc. A comparison of Figures 10 and 11 shows that when the yoke tooth ratio is outside the range of 0.95 to 1.52, the iron loss is more severe. When the yoke tooth ratio meets the first preset range, i.e., within 0.95 to 1.52, the iron loss is lighter, thereby effectively improving the suppression of motor output torque and motor efficiency caused by magnetic circuit saturation.

[0079] Referring to Figure 12, a comparison diagram of the ratio of the first length *he* to the second length *hc* of the stator lamination 10 according to some embodiments and the motor efficiency is shown. Referring to Figure 13, a diagram showing the influence of the yoke tooth ratio of a stator lamination 10 according to some embodiments and the motor output torque is shown. In Figure 13, the horizontal axis represents the yoke tooth ratio, and the vertical axis represents the ratio of the motor's output torque (e.g., the ratio of output torque to input torque). A comparative analysis of Figures 12 and 13 shows that setting the first preset range between 0.95 and 1.52, and reasonably adjusting the first length *he* and the second length *hc*, can improve the magnetic saturation degree of the yoke 11 and the tooth 12, which is beneficial for improving the saturation suppression problem of the amorphous motor, resulting in a higher output torque and improved efficiency of the amorphous motor.

[0080] In some embodiments of this disclosure, based on a yoke-to-tooth ratio of 0.95 to 1.52, tests have shown that when the amorphous motor operates at its rated operating point, the maximum magnetic flux density of the yoke 11 is less than or equal to 1.5T, and the maximum magnetic flux density of the tooth 12 is less than or equal to 1.7T. When the amorphous motor operates at its maximum torque operating point, the maximum magnetic flux density of the yoke 11 is less than or equal to 1.7T, and the maximum magnetic flux density of the tooth 12 is less than or equal to 1.8T. This effectively avoids excessive saturation of the local magnetic circuit, thereby maximizing the efficiency advantages of the amorphous motor.

[0081] For example, the yoke ratio can be 0.95, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.3, 1.35, 1.40, 1.45, 1.50, 1.52, etc. This disclosure does not limit the value of the yoke ratio.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first preset range is 1.15 to 1.3.

[0083] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the yoke ratio can be between 1.15 and 1.3. A comparative analysis of Figures 12 and 13 shows that when the yoke ratio is within the range of 1.15 to 1.3, the magnetic saturation of the teeth 12 and yoke 11 on the stator lamination 10 made of amorphous material can be improved, resulting in higher output torque of the motor and thus improving the efficiency of the motor.

[0084] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 2 and 3, the tooth 12 includes two sidewalls 121 disposed circumferentially opposite to each other along the stator lamination 10. At least a portion of the plurality of teeth 12 has an arcuate groove 122 at the end of the corresponding sidewall 121 away from the yoke 11.

[0085] In some embodiments, the method of providing arc grooves 122 in a plurality of teeth 12 may include: each tooth 12 is provided with an arc groove 122, or, a certain number of teeth 12 are slotted every one to nine, or a certain number of teeth are slotted unevenly every one to nine. This disclosure does not limit the method of providing arc grooves 122 in a plurality of teeth 12.

[0086] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, arc-shaped grooves 122 are provided on both sidewalls 121, forming recesses within the sidewalls 121. The arc-shaped grooves 122 extend axially along the stator lamination 10, and are symmetrically arranged on the teeth 12. In some embodiments of this disclosure, by providing arc-shaped grooves 122 on the two sidewalls 121, the circumferential spacing between two adjacent teeth 12 along the stator core can be increased, thereby increasing the magnetic resistance of two adjacent teeth on the stator lamination 10 along the circumferential direction of the stator lamination 10. This reduces the magnetic field flowing between the two adjacent teeth 12, reducing magnetic leakage, thereby changing the magnetic circuit saturation position, and thus changing the magnetic field torque pulsation and radial electromagnetic force, improving the suppression of motor output torque and motor efficiency caused by magnetic circuit saturation.

[0087] In some embodiments, the curvature of the arcuate groove 122 is 0.2 to 0.8.

[0088] In some embodiments, the curvature of the arc groove 122 is used to describe the degree of bending of the arc groove 122. The curvature of the arc groove 122 refers to the degree to which the curve deviates from a straight line at a certain point in the arc groove. The larger the curvature, the more severe the bending of the arc groove 122; the smaller the curvature, the gentler the bending of the arc groove 122. The curvature of the arc groove 122 is between 0.2 and 0.8. For example, the curvature of the arc groove 122 can be 0.2, 0.35, 0.5, 0.65, 0.7, 0.8, etc., and this disclosure does not limit the value of the curvature.

[0089] In practical applications, the greater the curvature of the arc-shaped groove 122, the more severe its bending. Excessive curvature of the arc-shaped groove 122 leads to an excessively large distance between two adjacent teeth 12 along the circumferential direction of the stator core, resulting in increased magnetic leakage. Conversely, a smaller curvature of the arc-shaped groove 122 results in a gentler bending. Too small a curvature of the arc-shaped groove 122 leads to an excessively small distance between two adjacent teeth 12 along the circumferential direction of the stator core, causing local saturation in the stator lamination 10. Some embodiments of this disclosure achieve a curvature of the arc-shaped groove 122 between 0.2 and 0.8, enabling more precise control of the magnetic field path guided by the arc-shaped groove 122 on the sidewall 121. This refines the adjustment of magnetic reluctance, optimizes the magnetic flux path, and significantly reduces copper losses in the amorphous motor, thereby improving the motor's output performance and efficiency.

[0090] In some embodiments, the ratio of the maximum radial dimension of the arcuate groove 122 to the radial dimension of the tooth 12 in the stator lamination 10 is between 5% and 20%.

[0091] In some embodiments, the tooth 12 includes a tooth shoulder disposed on the side of the tooth 12 away from the yoke 11, and an arcuate groove 122 is disposed on the side of the tooth shoulder in the circumferential direction of the stator lamination 10.

[0092] In some embodiments of this disclosure, when the motor is running, especially when the motor frequency exceeds 500 Hz, the AC copper losses generated in the armature winding and the first two windings corresponding to the tooth shoulder position gradually increase, which leads to a reduction in motor efficiency. In this case, the AC copper losses generated in these two windings can be reduced by increasing the radial dimension of the tooth shoulder along the stator lamination 10. However, increasing the radial dimension of the tooth shoulder along the stator lamination 10 will lead to an increase in leakage flux and will also reduce the output torque of the motor.

[0093] To improve the motor's output torque and mitigate efficiency issues caused by increased AC copper losses, an arc-shaped groove 122 can be added to the tooth shoulder. The arc-shaped groove 122 reduces leakage flux, thereby increasing the motor's output torque and efficiency. However, when the ratio of the maximum radial dimension of the arc-shaped groove 122 on the stator lamination 10 to the radial dimension of the tooth 12 on the stator lamination 10 is greater than 20%, the radial dimension of the tooth shoulder on the stator lamination 10 is too large, leading to excessive leakage flux and consequently, excessive loss of motor output torque. When the ratio of the maximum radial dimension of the arc-shaped groove 122 on the stator lamination 10 to the radial dimension of the tooth 12 on the stator lamination 10 is less than 5%, the radial dimension of the tooth shoulder on the stator lamination 10 is too small, leading to increased AC copper losses and reduced motor efficiency.

[0094] Therefore, the dimensions of the arc-shaped slot 122 need to be controlled within a suitable range. In practical applications, when the ratio of the maximum radial dimension of the arc-shaped slot 122 in the stator lamination 10 to the radial dimension of the tooth 12 in the stator core is between 5% and 20%, the amorphous motor can achieve both high output performance and high motor efficiency. For example, the ratio of the maximum radial dimension of the stator lamination 10 to the radial dimension of the tooth 12 in the stator lamination 10 can be 5%, 7%, 10%, 12%, 16%, 20%, or other values.

[0095] In some embodiments, a stator slot 13 is formed between two adjacent teeth 12, and the length of the stator slot 13 along the radial direction of the stator lamination 10 is equal to the second length.

[0096] Stator slots 13 are formed between two adjacent teeth 12. These slots are configured to mount armature windings. In some embodiments of this disclosure, the optimal magnetic circuit path is ensured by making the length of the stator slot 13 along the radial direction of the stator lamination 10 equal to the second length of the stator slot 13 along the radial direction of the stator lamination 10. This helps to form a more balanced magnetic flux density between the stator teeth 12 and the yoke 11, reducing magnetic reluctance variations. Even under high-load operation, this effectively alleviates magnetic saturation, improves the electromagnetic efficiency of the motor, and provides more precise mounting space for the motor windings. This not only ensures a tight and uniform arrangement of the windings, reducing stray losses caused by winding gaps, but also improves winding utilization, thereby reducing copper losses and enhancing the energy conversion efficiency of the motor.

[0097] In some embodiments, the second length hc satisfies a second preset range, which is 15mm to 20mm.

[0098] In some embodiments, the second length can be 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, 18mm, 19mm, 20mm, etc. In practical applications, the second length is between 15mm and 20mm. This ensures sufficient space to reduce the risk of magnetic saturation while guaranteeing effective winding embedding, avoiding magnetic flux leakage or increased copper loss due to improper dimensions. This allows copper loss to be controlled within a suitable range, which is beneficial for improving the output performance and efficiency of the amorphous motor. Furthermore, it increases the contact area between the seal and the stator slot 13, improving the sealing effect of the stator slot 13.

[0099] In some embodiments, referring to FIG2, a plurality of through holes 111 may be provided on the side of the yoke 11 away from the tooth 12. In practical applications, the through holes 111 allow coolant (such as cooling oil) to flow through the interior of the stator laminations 10, so that the coolant can directly contact the heat source, carry away heat, and achieve efficient heat exchange. This ensures that the motor can maintain a stable temperature during long-term, high-load operation, protects the motor from thermal damage, extends its service life, and maintains efficient operation.

[0100] In summary, the stator lamination 10 provided in some embodiments of this disclosure has at least the following advantages:

[0101] Since the stator lamination 10 includes a toothed portion 12 and a yoke portion 11, the yoke portion 11 has a first length he along the radial direction of the stator lamination 10, and the toothed portion 12 has a second length hc along the radial direction of the stator lamination 10, by making the ratio of the first length he to the second length hc satisfy a first preset range, and setting the first preset range between 0.95 and 1.52, the first length he and the second length are reasonably adjusted, which can improve the magnetic saturation degree of the yoke and the toothed portion, which is beneficial to improving the saturation suppression problem of the amorphous motor, resulting in higher output torque of the amorphous motor and improving the efficiency of the amorphous motor.

[0102] Referring to FIG2, some embodiments of this disclosure also provide a stator core 100, the stator core 100 including a plurality of the above-described stator laminations 10, the plurality of stator laminations 10 being stacked along the axial direction of the stator core 100, each stator lamination 10 including at least two layers of amorphous alloy sheets stacked along the axial direction of the stator core 100.

[0103] Because amorphous alloy sheets are relatively thin, at least two layers are typically stacked together. Too many layers can lead to high hardness in the amorphous alloy strip, resulting in a short die life; too few layers can result in thin strips, leading to long processing times. In some embodiments, the amorphous alloy sheet can have 2-10 layers, for example, 3-6 layers. In some embodiments, each stator core 100 includes multiple stator laminations 10. For example, each stator core 100 can include 100-300 stator laminations 10.

[0104] It should be noted that in some embodiments of this disclosure, the structure of the stator lamination 10 is the same as that of the stator lamination 10 described above, and its beneficial effects are similar, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0105] Referring to FIG1, some embodiments of this disclosure also provide a stator 1, which includes the plurality of stator cores 100 described above, and the plurality of stator cores 100 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the stator 1.

[0106] In some embodiments, each stator 1 may include 4-16 stator cores 100.

[0107] In practical applications, stator 1 is formed by bonding multiple stator cores together. One stator core is formed by bonding multiple stator laminations 10 together, and one stator lamination 10 is formed by bonding multiple layers of first amorphous alloy sheets together. This may cause the stator 1 to be prone to warping at both ends along the axial direction.

[0108] Based on this, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the stator 1 further includes two cover plates 2, which are connected to both sides of the stator 1 along the axial direction. For example, the two cover plates 2 are pasted onto both sides of the stator 1, and the cover plates 2 have the same teeth 12, yoke 11, and through holes 111 as the stator 1. This facilitates the subsequent installation of the armature winding. The cover plates 2 are made of metal materials, including but not limited to silicon steel and stainless steel. This improves the problem of easy edge warping caused by the low peel strength of the amorphous alloy strip, and also mitigates the problem of damage to the insulating varnish film of the hairpin in the hairpin during the assembly process of the stator 1 due to the high hardness of the amorphous alloy strip.

[0109] Referring to FIG25, some embodiments of this disclosure also provide an electric motor 300, including: a housing 301, the stator 1 described above, and a rotor 200, wherein the stator 1 is disposed within the housing 301; the rotor 200 is disposed within the housing 301 and connected to the stator 1.

[0110] The housing 301 is disposed outside the stator 1 and the rotor and is configured to protect the stator 1 and the rotor 200. An armature winding is installed inside the stator 1 and a permanent magnet is installed on the rotor 200. The stator 1 is sleeved on the outside of the rotor 200.

[0111] It should be noted that in some embodiments of this disclosure, the structure of stator 1 is the same as that of the stator 1 described above, and its beneficial effects are similar, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0112] In some embodiments of this disclosure, referring to Figures 14 and 15, the rotor includes a rotor core 20 made of an amorphous alloy material. The rotor core 20 has a plurality of magnetic slot groups 21 spaced circumferentially. Each magnetic slot group 21 includes a plurality of magnetic slots configured to accommodate magnetic elements. The number of the plurality of magnetic slot groups 21 is a first number, the sum of the number of magnetic slots in one magnetic slot group 21 is a second number, and the ratio of the first number to the second number satisfies a third preset range, which is 0.66 to 7.

[0113] In some embodiments, there are multiple rotor cores 20, which are stacked along the axial direction of the rotor. Each rotor core 20 includes multiple layers of rotor laminations stacked along the axial direction of the rotor core 20, and each rotor lamination includes at least two layers of amorphous alloy sheets stacked along the axial direction of the rotor core 20. In this way, the rotor core 20 can have both good mechanical and magnetic properties.

[0114] The rotor core 20, made of amorphous alloy material, comprises multiple layers of amorphous alloy sheets. It should be noted that, taking amorphous alloy strip as an example, the amorphous alloy strip is a thin amorphous metal strip with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm, obtained by rapidly cooling molten metal by spraying it onto rollers using extreme cold. The cooling rate can reach 10⁵-10⁶ °C / s. This ensures that the metal is difficult to crystallize, resulting in irregularly arranged atoms, thus eliminating the presence of lattices or grain boundaries within the amorphous material. Consequently, compared to silicon steel, the amorphous metal strip material possesses higher mechanical properties such as higher tensile and compressive strength, as well as better magnetic properties, and also exhibits low loss characteristics.

[0115] Considering that the rotor core 20 may be subjected to stamping, cutting, heating, etc. during the manufacturing and operation process, the mechanical properties of the amorphous alloy material may deteriorate. In addition, during the stamping and cutting of the strip, the tensile strength of the amorphous alloy material is high and much greater than that of silicon steel.

[0116] As described above, the mechanical properties of amorphous alloy materials do not deteriorate during the stamping and shearing processes. However, as shown in Figure 16, on the one hand, the stamping process inevitably creates stress zones at the edges of the material; on the other hand, stamping and shearing will create uneven defects at the edges of the amorphous alloy strip. Thus, if stress concentration occurs when the peeled amorphous alloy sheet is subjected to external force, it will tear the amorphous alloy sheet at the defect, leading to localized damage to the rotor core 20. When this localized damage extends into the interior of the rotor core 20, it will cause extensive damage to the rotor core 20, and in severe cases, safety issues such as rotor rubbing may occur, thus affecting the reliability of the motor.

[0117] In practical applications, to improve motor reliability, it is advisable to increase at least one of the magnetic bridge width and the number of magnetic bridges. This can better overcome the centrifugal force generated during motor operation, thereby reducing stress concentration. However, increasing either the magnetic bridge width or the number of magnetic bridges will increase leakage flux, thus reducing the effective magnetic flux of the motor.

[0118] Based on this, in some embodiments of this disclosure, as shown in Figures 14 and 15, the number of multiple magnetic slot groups 21 in a rotor core 20 is a first number, the sum of the number of multiple magnetic slots in a magnetic slot group 21 is a second number, the ratio of the first number and the second number is the slot factor, and the slot factor satisfies a third preset range, which is between 0.66 and 7. It should be noted that by installing permanent magnets in the magnetic slots, magnetic poles can be formed, the number of magnetic poles being consistent with the number of magnetic slot groups 21, and two adjacent magnetic poles forming a pole pair. Furthermore, permanent magnets include, but are not limited to, ferrite permanent magnets, AlNiCo permanent magnets, NdFeB permanent magnets, Samarium Cobalt permanent magnets, and Iron Nitride permanent magnets.

[0119] In some embodiments of this disclosure, by providing multiple slot groups 21 spaced circumferentially along the rotor core 20, the magnetic components are more evenly distributed, effectively reducing vibration and noise during motor operation. By adjusting the slot factor, the number and width of magnetic bridges in the rotor core 20 can be controlled within a suitable range. This not only reduces stress concentration during motor operation but also effectively controls magnetic leakage, thereby increasing the effective magnetic flux and improving the motor's output performance. As shown in Figure 17, when the slot factor meets the third preset range of 0.66 to 7, the motor exhibits both a high limiting speed ratio and a high output torque ratio, improving both motor reliability and output performance.

[0120] In some embodiments, the third preset range is 1 to 2. As shown in Figure 17, when the slot factor is 1 to 2, the output performance of the motor can be improved.

[0121] In some embodiments, taking the adjustment of the number of magnetic bridges as an example, with the motor speed remaining constant, as shown in Figure 18, as the number of pole pairs increases, that is, the number of slot groups 21 increases, the number of magnetic bridges in the rotor core 20 increases accordingly, and the stress value at each magnetic bridge decreases, thereby enhancing the ability of the magnetic bridges to overcome centrifugal force. However, as shown in Figure 19, as the number of pole pairs increases, that is, the number of slot groups 21 increases, the motor frequency increases, resulting in increased iron losses and a decrease in the peak torque and operating efficiency of the motor. In Figure 19, the CLTC operating efficiency refers to the energy utilization efficiency of the motor under the China Light-duty Vehicle Test Cycle (CLTC) test conditions. Taking the adjustment of the magnetic bridge width as an example, with the motor speed remaining constant, as shown in Figure 20, as the magnetic bridge width increases, the peak power of the motor gradually decreases, while the operating efficiency of the motor improves. Tests have shown that when the slot factor meets the range of 0.66 to 7, the number of magnetic bridges and the magnetic bridge width can be controlled within a suitable range, thereby improving the output performance and efficiency of the motor.

[0122] It should be noted that in some embodiments of this disclosure, the magnetic bridge is formed between two adjacent magnetic slots within a magnetic slot group 21. Furthermore, to avoid the magnetic bridge locally exceeding the tensile strength limit of the amorphous alloy material, the magnetic bridge stress value in some embodiments of this disclosure should be less than or equal to 2000 MPa. This avoids the risk of magnetic bridge deformation or even breakage during motor operation, thus improving the reliability of motor operation.

[0123] Referring to Figures 14 and 15, the magnetic slot group 21 includes a first magnetic slot group 210 and a second magnetic slot group 211. The first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211 are distributed radially at intervals along the rotor core 20, and the second magnetic slot group 211 is close to the center of the rotor core 20. The magnetic slots disposed in the first magnetic slot group 210 are first magnetic slots 2100, and at least two first magnetic slots 2100 are provided. The magnetic slots disposed in the second magnetic slot group 211 are second magnetic slots 2110, and at least two second magnetic slots 2110 are provided.

[0124] In some embodiments of this disclosure, since the rotor core 20 is provided with multiple magnetic slot groups 21, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the rotor core 20, the permanent magnets are distributed more evenly, effectively reducing vibration and noise during motor operation. Since the rotor core 20 is provided with a first magnetic slot group 210 and a second magnetic slot group 211, and these groups are spaced apart radially along the rotor core 20, the magnetic circuit is optimized, which is beneficial for improving the motor's output performance and efficiency.

[0125] In some embodiments of this disclosure, at least one of the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211 can be in the shape of a line, a V, a U, or other shapes, and is not limited herein. Those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. Furthermore, this disclosure does not limit the number of first magnetic slots 2100 in the first magnetic slot group 210 and the number of second magnetic slots 2110 in the second magnetic slot group 211, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs.

[0126] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 14 and 15, the first magnetic slot group 210 is V-shaped, and the second magnetic slot group 211 is U-shaped. For example, the first magnetic slot group 210 includes two first magnetic slots 2100, and the second magnetic slot group 211 includes four second magnetic slots 2110.

[0127] The rotor core 20 has an outer peripheral wall, which includes a plurality of arc-shaped peripheral wall segments distributed sequentially along the circumference of the rotor core 20. Each arc-shaped peripheral wall segment corresponds to one magnetic slot group 21. The ratio of the minimum distance h between adjacent first magnetic slots 2100 and second magnetic slots 2110 in the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211 to the arc length α of the arc-shaped peripheral wall segment in the circumference of the rotor core 20 satisfies a fourth preset range, which is 0.05 to 0.08.

[0128] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the minimum distance h between the first magnetic slot 2100 and the second magnetic slot 2110 that are close to each other in the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211 is defined as the direct axis distance, and the arc length α of the arc-shaped peripheral wall segment in the circumferential direction of the rotor core 20 is defined as the quadrature axis distance. By controlling the ratio of the direct axis distance to the quadrature axis distance, that is, the direct-quadrature distance ratio, the quadrature distance ratio is made to meet a fourth preset range, which is 0.05 to 0.08. This can change the magnetic circuit saturation position, effectively improve the problem of magnetic circuit saturation suppressing the motor output performance, and help improve the output performance of the motor.

[0129] In actual optimization, moving the first magnetic slot group 210 towards the center of the rotor core 20 increases the current-carrying width of the quadrature-axis magnetic field, thereby reducing the quadrature-axis reluctance and its saturation level. However, moving the first magnetic slot group 210 towards the center of the rotor core 20 will result in a longer current-carrying length of the magnetic field, that is, an increased current-carrying length of the direct-axis magnetic field, which increases the direct-axis reluctance and leads to a decrease in the motor's salient pole ratio (L). d / L q Increasing the latter part of formula (2) or formula (2) increases the magnetic reluctance, which leads to a decrease in effective magnetic flux and ultimately reduces the output torque.

[0130] Based on the above analysis, local magnetic circuit saturation is caused by the interaction of the armature magnetic field and the permanent magnet magnetic field, both of which generate a large magnetic pressure drop in the air gap. Within a certain range of electromagnetic air gap length (e.g., 0.5mm to 3.0mm), as shown in formula (3), the magnetic reluctance of the air gap is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of ​​the air gap, that is, the magnetic reluctance is inversely proportional to the rotor radius. In summary, the direct axis distance and quadrature axis distance of the rotor directly affect the saturation position and degree of saturation of the rotor. As shown in Figure 21, by controlling the fourth preset range of the direct-quadrature distance ratio within 0.05 to 0.08, the output performance of the motor can be effectively improved.

[0131] As shown in Figures 22 and 23, the distance between the first magnetic slot 2100 and the second magnetic slot 2110 that are close to each other in the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211, as well as the distance between the two second magnetic slots 2110 that are close to each other in two adjacent second magnetic slot groups 211, will affect the output torque of the motor to varying degrees. It should be noted that Figure 22 is characterized by the magnetic flux density at this position.

[0132] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the minimum distance h between the first magnetic slot 2100 and the second magnetic slot 2110 that are close to each other in the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211 is 1.5 mm to 15 mm. It should be noted that the above-mentioned direct axis distance is also the narrowest position of the magnetic bridge between the first magnetic slot 2100 and the second magnetic slot 2110 that are close to each other in the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211.

[0133] In some embodiments of this disclosure, by limiting the minimum distance h between the first magnetic slot 2100 and the second magnetic slot 2110 that are close to each other in the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211, that is, the narrowest position of the magnetic bridge between the first magnetic slot 2100 and the second magnetic slot 2110 that are close to each other in the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211, not only can the motor have good output performance, but the risk of deformation or even breakage of the magnetic bridge during motor operation can also be effectively avoided, which is beneficial to improving the operational reliability of the motor.

[0134] Because the distance between the two second magnetic slot groups 211 closest to the center of the rotor core 20 in two adjacent magnetic slot groups 21 is smaller than the distance between the two first magnetic slot groups 210 away from the center of the rotor core 20, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the minimum distance (hereinafter referred to as the inter-pole width) between two adjacent second magnetic slots 2110 in two adjacent second magnetic slot groups 211 arranged along the circumference of the rotor core 20 is 1.5mm to 15mm, that is, the width of the narrowest position of the magnetic bridge between two adjacent second magnetic slots 2110 in two adjacent second magnetic slot groups 211 arranged along the circumference of the rotor core 20 is 1.5mm to 15mm. This not only allows the motor to have good output performance, but also avoids the risk of deformation or even breakage of the magnetic bridge during motor operation, which is beneficial to improving the operational reliability of the motor.

[0135] Tests have shown that when the orthogonal pitch ratio is between 0.05 and 0.08, and the minimum distance between two adjacent second magnetic slots 2110 in two adjacent second magnetic slot groups 211 arranged along the circumference of the rotor core 20 is between 1.5 mm and 15 mm, the local magnetic flux density of the rotor can be kept below 1.8 T when the motor is running under rated or full load conditions. This not only prevents the motor from being affected by local magnetic circuit saturation, but also reduces motor losses and improves motor efficiency.

[0136] Furthermore, amorphous alloys are produced through rapid, extremely cold processing. Therefore, on the one hand, their atomic structure is disordered and lacks lattice characteristics, resulting in very high tensile strength. Moreover, amorphous alloys are linear elastic bodies, exhibiting no plastic deformation. On the other hand, amorphous alloys exist in a high free energy state, making their material properties unstable. Under certain temperature and pressure conditions, they are susceptible to structural relaxation or crystallization, leading to a significant deterioration in mechanical properties.

[0137] Generally speaking, although amorphous alloy materials have high tensile strength, when deformation occurs, their stress increases rapidly and is very likely to exceed the ultimate stress, thus causing fracture.

[0138] Based on the above, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the minimum distance h between the first magnetic slot 2100 and the outer peripheral wall of the rotor core 20, the minimum distance h between two adjacent first magnetic slots 2100 in the first magnetic slot group 210, the minimum distance h between two adjacent second magnetic slots 2110 in the second magnetic slot group 211, the minimum distance h between adjacent first magnetic slots 2100 and second magnetic slots 2110 in the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211, and the minimum distance h between adjacent second magnetic slots 2110 in two adjacent second magnetic slot groups 211 arranged along the circumference of the rotor core 20 are 5mm to 15mm. That is, the narrowest point of all magnetic bridges in the rotor core 20 satisfies 5mm to 15mm. In this way, when the designed linear velocity of the rotor is greater than or equal to 160m / s, the strain at the magnetic bridge can be kept within the bearing limit of the amorphous alloy material, and the stress value at the magnetic bridge can be greater than or equal to 500MPa, thereby avoiding the risk of magnetic bridge deformation or even breakage. In addition, the rotor strain value can be less than or equal to 1.15%, and the stress value at the magnetic bridge should be less than or equal to 2000 MPa, so that the magnetic bridge can overcome the large centrifugal force, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of motor operation.

[0139] In some embodiments, the magnetic slot group has a central axis F. Two first magnetic slots 2100 in the first magnetic slot group 210 are spaced apart on both sides of the central axis F along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 20, and a first angle is formed between the center lines of the two first magnetic slots 2100. Two second magnetic slots 2110 in the second magnetic slot group 211 are spaced apart on both sides of the central axis F along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 20, and a second angle is formed between the center lines of the two second magnetic slots 2110. The ratio of the first angle to the second angle satisfies a fifth preset range, wherein the fifth preset range is 0.75 to 1.9.

[0140] As shown in Figure 15, the dashed line represents the central axis F of the magnetic slot group, which is also the direct axis of the magnetic slot group. In some embodiments of this disclosure, by controlling the included angle ratio within a fifth preset range of 0.75 to 1.9, the distance between the first magnetic slot group 210 and the second magnetic slot group 211 can be effectively avoided. On the one hand, this avoids the problem of excessive saturation of the local magnetic circuit of the rotor, which is beneficial to improving the output performance of the motor. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 24, it can reduce the stress value at the magnetic bridge to a certain extent, avoiding the risk of magnetic bridge deformation or even breakage during motor operation, which is beneficial to improving the operational reliability of the motor. In some embodiments, when the included angle ratio is 1.03 to 1.89, the output performance and operational reliability of the motor can be improved.

[0141] It should be noted that some embodiments of this disclosure do not limit the values ​​of the first included angle and the second included angle, and those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual needs. In some embodiments, the value range of the first included angle is 100° to 180°, and the value range of the second included angle is 103° to 180°. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 14 and 15, for the V-shaped first magnetic slot group 210, the first included angle refers to the included angle formed between the center lines of the two first magnetic slots 2100; for the U-shaped second magnetic slot group 211, the second included angle refers to the smaller of the included angle formed between the center lines of the two inner second magnetic slots 2110 and the included angle formed between the center lines of the two outer second magnetic slots 2110.

[0142] In some embodiments, during actual operation of the motor, the rotor core 20 may experience local saturation. To reduce the magnetic reluctance of the permanent magnet magnetic field in the saturated region of the rotor, the permanent magnet, i.e., the slot group 21, is typically moved away from the center of the rotor core 20. If the first slot group 210 and the second slot group 211 move away from the center of the rotor core 20 simultaneously, the distance between the first slot group 210 and the second slot group 211 may become too small, leading to local magnetic circuit saturation and a decrease in motor torque. Considering the characteristics of the hysteresis loop of amorphous alloy materials, adjusting the ratio of the first angle to the second angle can reduce the area of ​​the local magnetic circuit saturation region. In particular, when the angle ratio is 1.03 to 1.89, the first slot group 210 and the second slot group 211 are roughly triangularly distributed, which can effectively improve the phenomenon of local magnetic circuit saturation.

[0143] In some embodiments, there are multiple rotor cores 20, which are stacked along the axial direction of the rotor. Each rotor core 20 includes multiple rotor laminations stacked along the axial direction of the rotor core 20, and each rotor lamination includes at least two layers of amorphous alloy sheets stacked along the axial direction of the rotor core 20.

[0144] In some embodiments, due to the small thickness of the amorphous alloy sheets, at least two or more layers of amorphous alloy sheets are typically stacked together. Too many layers can lead to high hardness of the amorphous alloy strip, resulting in a short die life; too few layers can lead to thin amorphous alloy strip, resulting in a long processing time. In some embodiments, the amorphous alloy sheets can be 2-10 layers, for example, 3-6 layers. Each rotor core 20 includes multiple rotor laminations, and each rotor can include multiple rotor cores 20. In some embodiments, each rotor core 20 can include 100-300 rotor laminations, and each rotor can include 4-16 rotor cores 20.

[0145] Referring to FIG26, some embodiments of this disclosure also provide a powertrain 500, which includes the motor 300 described above.

[0146] Referring to Figures 27 and 28, some embodiments of this disclosure also provide a vehicle 1000, which may include the motor 300 or the powertrain 500 described above.

[0147] It should be noted that in some embodiments of this disclosure, the structure of the motor is the same as that of the motor described above, and its beneficial effects are also similar, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0148] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0149] Although embodiments of this disclosure have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stator lamination (10), wherein, The stator lamination (10) is made of amorphous alloy material. The stator lamination (10) is provided with a yoke (11) and a plurality of teeth (12). The plurality of teeth (12) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the stator lamination (10). The yoke (11) is connected to the side of the plurality of teeth (12) away from the center of the stator lamination (10). The length of the yoke (11) along the radial direction of the stator lamination (10) is a first length. The length of any one of the plurality of teeth (12) along the radial direction of the stator lamination (10) is a second length. The ratio of the first length to the second length satisfies a first preset range, which is 0.95 to 1.

52.

2. The stator lamination (10) according to claim 1, wherein, The first preset range is 1.15 to 1.

3.

3. The stator lamination (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The tooth (12) includes two sidewalls (121) arranged circumferentially opposite to each other along the stator lamination (10); At least some of the teeth (12) have arcuate grooves (122) at the ends of the two sidewalls (121) away from the yoke (11).

4. The stator lamination (10) according to claim 3, wherein, The curvature of the arc groove (122) is 0.2 to 0.

8.

5. The stator lamination (10) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein, The ratio of the maximum radial dimension of the arc groove (122) to the radial dimension of the tooth (12) on the stator lamination (10) is between 5% and 20%.

6. The stator lamination (10) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, A stator slot (13) is formed between two adjacent teeth (12) of the plurality of teeth (12), and the length of the stator slot (13) along the radial direction of the stator lamination (10) is equal to the second length.

7. The stator lamination (10) according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The second length meets the second preset range, which is 15mm to 20mm.

8. A stator core (100), comprising: A plurality of stator laminations (10) according to any one of claims 1-7, the plurality of stator laminations (10) being stacked along the axial direction of the stator core (100), each of the plurality of stator laminations (10) comprising at least two layers of amorphous alloy sheets stacked along the axial direction of the stator core (100).

9. A stator (1), comprising: A plurality of stator cores (100) according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of stator cores (100) are stacked axially.

10. An electric motor (300), comprising: Casing (301); The stator (1) according to claim 9, wherein the stator (1) is disposed within the housing (301); and Rotor (200), the rotor (200) is disposed in the housing (301), and the rotor (200) is connected to the stator (1).

11. The motor (300) according to claim 10, wherein, The rotor (200) includes: At least one rotor core (20) made of amorphous alloy material, wherein the rotor core (20) is provided with a plurality of magnetic slot groups (21) spaced apart circumferentially, wherein any one of the plurality of magnetic slot groups (21) includes a plurality of magnetic slots, the plurality of magnetic slots being configured to accommodate magnetic elements; wherein the number of the plurality of magnetic slot groups (21) is a first number, the sum of the number of the plurality of magnetic slots in one of the plurality of magnetic slot groups (21) is a second number, and the ratio of the first number to the second number satisfies a third preset range, wherein the third preset range is 0.66 to 7.

12. The motor (300) according to claim 11, wherein, The third preset range is 1 to 2.

13. The motor (300) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, The magnetic slot group (21) includes a first magnetic slot group (210) and a second magnetic slot group (211). The first magnetic slot group (210) and the second magnetic slot group (211) are distributed radially at intervals along the rotor core (20), and the second magnetic slot group (211) is close to the center of the rotor core (20). The first magnetic slot group (210) includes at least two first magnetic slots (2100), and the second magnetic slot group (211) includes at least two second magnetic slots (2110).

14. The motor (300) according to claim 13, wherein, The rotor core (20) has an outer peripheral wall, which includes a plurality of arc-shaped peripheral wall segments distributed sequentially along the circumference of the rotor core (20), and the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral wall segments correspond to the plurality of magnetic slot groups (21). In the first magnetic slot group (210) and the second magnetic slot group (211), the minimum distance between adjacent first magnetic slots (2100) and second magnetic slots (2110) and the ratio of the arc length of one of the arc-shaped peripheral segments in the circumferential direction of the rotor core (20) satisfies a fourth preset range, the fourth preset range being 0.05 to 0.

08.

15. The motor (300) according to claim 13 or 14, wherein, The magnetic groove assembly (21) has a central axis; The at least two first magnetic slots (2100) in the first magnetic slot group (210) are arranged at intervals on both sides of the central axis along the circumferential direction of the rotor core (20), and a first included angle is formed between the center lines of the at least two first magnetic slots (2100); The at least two second magnetic slots (2110) in the second magnetic slot group (211) are arranged at intervals on both sides of the central axis along the circumferential direction of the rotor core (20), and a second included angle is formed between the center lines of the at least two second magnetic slots (2110); The ratio of the first included angle to the second included angle satisfies a fifth preset range, which is 0.75 to 1.

9.

16. The motor (300) according to claim 15, wherein, The fifth preset range is 1.03 to 1.

89.

17. The motor (300) according to any one of claims 11-16, wherein, The at least one rotor core (20) includes a plurality of rotor cores (20) stacked along the axial direction of the rotor (200), each of the plurality of rotor cores (20) including multiple layers of rotor laminations stacked along the axial direction of the rotor core (20), each of the multiple layers of rotor laminations including at least two layers of amorphous alloy sheets stacked along the axial direction of the rotor core (20).

18. A powertrain (500), comprising: The motor (300) according to any one of claims 10-17.

19. A vehicle (1000) comprising a powertrain (500) according to claim 18, or an electric motor (300) according to any one of claims 10-17.

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