Energy management device and energy management method

Abstract

Provided is an energy management device and the like in which system inertial force is ensured. This energy management device (10) comprises a target system inertial force calculation unit (121) that calculates, on the basis of a power demand prediction value of a power system including a renewable energy power source and a synchronous power source, and a renewable energy power generation amount prediction value that is a power generation amount prediction value of the renewable energy power source, a target surplus power amount that is a target value of a portion of the power generation amount of the renewable energy power source which is used for producing hydrogen, and calculates a target system inertial force of the power system. Fuel used for power generation of the synchronous power source includes hydrogen produced by power generated by the renewable energy power source. The energy management device further comprises a power generation planning unit (122) that calculates, on the basis of the power demand prediction value, the renewable energy power generation amount prediction value, the target surplus power amount, and the target system inertial force, a target synchronous power source power generation amount that is a target value of a power generation amount of the synchronous power source in each time band.

Description

Energy management device and energy management method

[0001] This disclosure relates to an energy management device and an energy management method.

[0002] As a technology for managing the operation of renewable energy power sources and synchronous power sources, for example, the technologies described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are known. Specifically, Patent Document 1 describes "determining which renewable energy power generation equipment will reduce its output when an accident corresponding to the assumed target accident case occurs, based on the total reduction amount determined by the renewable energy reduction amount addition unit."

[0003] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 describes "determining the co-firing ratio of the hydrogen or ammonia burned by the combustion device and the fossil fuel, and controlling the combustion by the combustion device."

[0004] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-96472 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2024-113371

[0005] However, the technologies described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not particularly consider the securing of grid inertial force in power systems, and there is room for improvement.

[0006] Therefore, the objective of this disclosure is to provide an energy management device, etc., that ensures the maintenance of system inertial force.

[0007] To solve the aforementioned problems, the energy management device according to this disclosure includes a target system inertia calculation unit that calculates a target surplus electricity amount, which is a target value for the amount of electricity generated by the renewable energy power source used for hydrogen production, based on a predicted electricity demand value for the power grid including renewable energy power sources and synchronous power sources, and a predicted renewable energy power generation amount, which is a predicted amount of electricity generated by the renewable energy power sources, and also calculates a target system inertia force for the power grid. The fuel used for power generation by the synchronous power source includes hydrogen produced by the electricity generated by the renewable energy power source, and the device further includes a power generation planning unit that calculates a target synchronous power generation amount, which is a target value for the amount of electricity generated by the synchronous power source in each time period, based on the predicted electricity demand value, the predicted renewable energy power generation amount, the target surplus electricity amount, and the target system inertia force.

[0008] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide an energy management device or the like that ensures system inertial force.

[0009] It is a configuration diagram including an energy management device according to an embodiment. It is a diagram showing the hardware configuration of the energy management device according to the embodiment. It is a functional block diagram of the energy management device according to the embodiment. It is a diagram showing the relationship between the renewable energy ratio and the power fluctuation rate in the energy management device according to the embodiment. It is a diagram showing the relationship between the hydrogen co-firing ratio and the thermal efficiency of the synchronous power source in the energy management device according to the embodiment. It is a diagram showing the relationship between the load factor of the synchronous power source and the hydrogen co-firing ratio in the energy management device according to the embodiment. It is a flowchart of the process executed by the processing unit of the energy management device according to the embodiment. It is a flowchart showing the details of the process of step S105 in FIG. 7 in the energy management device according to the embodiment. It is an example of the calculation result regarding the operation plan of the synchronous power source and the renewable energy power source by the energy management device according to the embodiment. It is a configuration diagram including an energy management device according to a modification example. It is a functional block diagram of the energy management device according to the modification example.

[0010] ≪Embodiment≫ FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram including an energy management device 10 according to an embodiment. In FIG. 1, the power line is shown by a solid line and the signal line is shown by a broken line. Further, in FIG. 1, the hydrogen supply line such as a pipe through which hydrogen flows is shown by a double line. The energy management device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a device that manages the electrical energy, system inertial force, etc. of the energy system 100. Hereinafter, first, the energy system 100 that is the target of the energy management device 10 will be briefly described, and then the energy management device 10 will be described in detail.

[0011] As shown in FIG. 1, the energy system 100 includes synchronous power sources 21,..., 2n, renewable energy power sources 31,..., 3i, inverters 41,..., 4i, a plurality of circuit breakers 50, hydrogen production devices 61,..., 6i, hydrogen storage devices 71,..., 7i, and consumers 81,..., 8k. Note that "n", "i", and "k" included in the reference numerals of each configuration are natural numbers.

[0012] The synchronous power sources 21, …, 2n are generators having a synchronizing force and a system inertia force, and are connected to the power transmission and distribution line L via the circuit breaker 50. Here, the “synchronizing force” is a property that attempts to rotate at the same rotational speed together with other synchronous power sources connected to the power system G. Also, the “system inertia force” is the ability to maintain the frequency against fluctuations in the power supply and demand balance. In the present embodiment, the frequency fluctuations in the power system G are suppressed by the synchronous power sources 21, …, 2n.

[0013] As such synchronous power sources 21, …, 2n, for example, generators configured to convert the kinetic energy of a turbine (not shown) into electrical energy are used. Note that instead of the turbine, the synchronous power sources 21, …, 2n may be driven by an engine (not shown). As shown in FIG. 1, the output sides of the synchronous power sources 21, …, 2n are each connected to the power transmission and distribution line L via a power line.

[0014] In the prior art, many of the synchronous power sources were those that generated electricity using hydrocarbon-based fuels (fossil fuels). However, in the present embodiment, hydrogen is produced and stored using the generated power of the renewable energy power sources 31, …, 3i, and this hydrogen is used as fuel for the synchronous power sources 21, …, 2n. That is, the fuel used for the power generation of the synchronous power sources 21, …, 2n includes hydrogen produced by the generated power of the renewable energy power sources 31, …, 3i. Thereby, the CO ２ emission amount of the energy system 100 can be reduced. Also, the synchronous power sources 21, …, 2n are capable of performing a mixed combustion (co-combustion) of hydrogen and hydrocarbon-based fuels. As the above-mentioned hydrocarbon-based fuels, for example, natural gas, light oil, gasoline, etc. are used.

[0015] Renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i are power generation facilities (asynchronous power sources) that convert predetermined renewable energy into electricity. Examples of such renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i include solar power generation facilities, wind power generation facilities, as well as geothermal power generation facilities, hydroelectric power generation facilities, and tidal power generation facilities. As shown in Figure 1, renewable energy power source 31 is connected to the power transmission and distribution line L via an inverter 41 and a circuit breaker 50 in sequence (the same applies to other renewable energy power sources 3i, etc.).

[0016] The inverter 41 is a power converter that converts the DC power generated by the renewable energy power source 31 into AC power (other inverters 4i, etc., operate similarly). The circuit breaker 50 switches between electrical connection and interruption. In addition, various measuring instruments (not shown) for the protection, control, and monitoring of the power system G are appropriately connected to the transmission and distribution lines L.

[0017] As shown in Figure 1, the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n, the renewable energy power supplies 31, ..., 3i, and the inverters 41, ..., 4i constitute a single power system G. This power system G is connected to an external power system H via a connection point C. The external power system H is a power system outside the scope of the energy system 100.

[0018] The hydrogen production device 61 is a device that produces hydrogen using a portion (surplus power) of the electricity generated by the renewable energy power source 31. As such a hydrogen production device 61, for example, a water electrolysis device that generates hydrogen (and oxygen) by the electrolysis of water is used. The hydrogen produced in the hydrogen production device 61 is led to the hydrogen storage device 71. The hydrogen storage device 71 is a tank for storing hydrogen. The hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device 71 is supplied as appropriate to the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n via the hydrogen supply line P. The same applies to the other hydrogen production devices 6i and hydrogen storage devices 7i.

[0019] In the example shown in Figure 1, the hydrogen storage devices 71, ..., 7i and the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n are connected via a hydrogen supply line P, but the configuration is not limited to this. For example, the hydrogen storage device 71 and the synchronous power supply 21 may be connected via a predetermined hydrogen supply line, while the hydrogen storage device 7i and the synchronous power supply 2n may be connected via a different hydrogen supply line. Alternatively, hydrogen may be transported from the hydrogen storage devices 71, ..., 7i to the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n as appropriate using means of transport such as automobiles, railway vehicles, or ships.

[0020] Customers 81, ..., 8k are load equipment connected to the transmission and distribution lines L of the power system G. Examples of such load equipment include air conditioning equipment, lighting equipment, production equipment, and communication equipment. Power generated by synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n and renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i is supplied to customers 81, ..., 8k via the transmission and distribution lines L.

[0021] Furthermore, renewable energy sources 31, ..., 3i are CO ２ While it can contribute to reducing emissions, the amount of power generated is prone to fluctuations due to weather changes. Therefore, synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n are included as components of the power system G so that frequency fluctuations of the power system G can be suppressed even when the balance of power supply and demand changes. As described above, since the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n have system inertia force, they can suppress frequency fluctuations and stabilize the power system G. In this embodiment, the energy management device 10, which will be described next, calculates the target system inertia force and creates a predetermined power generation plan based on this target system inertia force, etc.

[0022] Figure 2 shows the hardware configuration of the energy management device 10. The energy management device 10 comprises a CPU 10a (Central Processing Unit), RAM 10b (Random Access Memory), ROM 10c (Read Only Memory), memory 10d, communication interface 10e, and input / output interface 10f, all of which are predeterminedly connected via an internal bus 10g. Such an energy management device 10 may be a single computer, or it may be a configuration in which multiple computers are predeterminedly connected via communication lines or a network.

[0023] The CPU 10a is a processor that executes predetermined processes. The CPU 10a reads a predetermined software program from the ROM 10c or memory 10d and loads it into the RAM 10b, thereby executing the program. Alternatively, an MPU (Micro Processing Unit) or the like may be used as the processor instead of the CPU 10a. Memory 10d is a non-volatile memory that stores predetermined programs and data. Examples of such memory 10d include HDDs (Hard Disk Drives), SSDs (Solid State Drives), flexible disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, CD-Rs, and magnetic tapes.

[0024] The communication interface 10e is an interface used for communication via a network (not shown). The aforementioned network (not shown) may be a WAN (Wide Area Network) such as the Internet, a LAN (Local Area Network) such as Wi-Fi® or Ethernet, or a mixture of both. As will be described in detail later, the energy management device 10 communicates with synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1), renewable energy power supplies 31, ..., 3i (see Figure 1), and consumers 81, ..., 8k (see Figure 1) sequentially via the communication interface 10e and the network (not shown). In such communication, communication devices (not shown) such as NICs (Network Interface Cards) may be used as appropriate.

[0025] The input / output interface 10f is an interface for inputting data from the input device D1 and outputting data to the display device D2. The input device D1 is, for example, a keyboard, mouse, or touch panel, and is used when the user inputs data. The display device 30 displays the calculation results of the energy management device 10 in a predetermined manner. For example, a liquid crystal display is used as such a display device 30. Data input and output may also be performed using a mobile terminal (not shown) such as a smartphone or tablet.

[0026] Next, the functional configuration of the energy management device 10 will be explained using Figure 3. It should be assumed that the power demand of consumers 81, ..., 8k (see Figure 1) changes moment by moment, and that the power generated by renewable energy sources 31, ..., 3i (see Figure 1) also changes moment by moment. Furthermore, it should be assumed that the energy management device 10 creates power generation plans for each hourly period from the current time up to 24 hours in advance.

[0027] Figure 3 is a functional block diagram of the energy management device 10. As shown in Figure 3, the energy management device 10 is composed of a storage unit 11 and a processing unit 12. The storage unit 11 has predetermined programs and data stored in it in advance, and the calculation results of the processing unit 12 are stored there as appropriate. The processing unit 12 includes a target system inertia force calculation unit 121, a power generation planning unit 122, a hydrogen storage amount calculation unit 123, a hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124, and a previous value holding unit 125.

[0028] The target system inertia force calculation unit 121 calculates the target surplus power amount and the target system inertia force of the power system G (see Figure 1) based on the predicted power demand value and the predicted renewable energy generation amount of the power system G. Here, "target system inertia force" is the target value of the system inertia force in the power system G. As described above, the system inertia force is ensured by the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1).

[0029] The "electricity demand forecast" shown in Figure 3 is the forecast value of electricity demand at consumers 81, ..., 8k (see Figure 1) (for example, a forecast value for 24 hours, calculated hourly). The "renewable energy generation forecast" is the forecast value of the total generation amount of renewable energy sources 31, ..., 3i (see Figure 1) (for example, a forecast value for 24 hours, calculated hourly). The electricity demand forecast and renewable energy generation forecast may be calculated by the energy management device 10 using a well-known method, or they may be obtained from an external computer (not shown) via a network (not shown).

[0030] The target system inertia force calculation unit 121 first calculates the renewable energy ratio as preparation for calculating the target system inertia force. Here, the "renewable energy ratio" is the ratio of the predicted amount of renewable energy generation to the predicted amount of electricity demand. This predicted value of the renewable energy ratio RE(t)[-] is expressed by the following equation (1).

[0031]

[0032] In equation (1), t represents a time period (for example, each hourly time period) that constitutes a predetermined calculation period (for example, 24 hours from the current time). Also, i in equation (1) is a component of set I of renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i (see Figure 1). In equation (1), k represents a component of set K of consumers 81, ..., 8k (see Figure 1). Furthermore, Pre(t)[MW] is the predicted renewable energy generation amount for the predetermined time period t. D(t)[MW] is the predicted electricity demand for the predetermined time period t.

[0033] Figure 4 shows the relationship between the renewable energy ratio and the power fluctuation rate. In the graph in Figure 4, the horizontal axis represents the renewable energy ratio, and the vertical axis represents the power fluctuation rate. Here, "power fluctuation rate" is a ratio that indicates the maximum extent to which the power transmitted through the power system G (see Figure 1) fluctuates. As shown in Figure 4, there is a monotonically increasing relationship where the higher the renewable energy ratio, the higher the power fluctuation rate. In other words, the more renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i (see Figure 1) there are (the amount of power generated), the more likely the power in the power system G (see Figure 1) is to fluctuate. This is because the power generated by renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i (see Figure 1) is likely to fluctuate in response to changes in weather, etc.

[0034] The relationship between the renewable energy ratio and the power fluctuation rate, as shown in Figure 4, is pre-stored in the storage unit 11 (see Figure 3) as a predetermined formula or data table. The target system inertia force calculation unit 121 (see Figure 3) calculates the power fluctuation rate of the power system based on the renewable energy ratio (and the relationship shown in Figure 4), and further calculates the target system inertia force J [MW・s] based on the power fluctuation rate and the power demand forecast value, as shown in the following formula (2).

[0035]

[0036] In equation (2), C1(t)[-] represents the power fluctuation rate during a predetermined time period t. Furthermore, D(t)[MW] is the predicted power demand value during the predetermined time period t, as described above. F ０This is a predetermined reference frequency [Hz] (50 [Hz] or 60 [Hz]) and is set in advance. RoCoF is a predetermined allowable frequency change rate [Hz / s] and is set in advance as a fixed value. The target system inertia force J calculated in this way is used to calculate the target value of the power generation amount (target synchronous power generation amount) of the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1).

[0037] Furthermore, in order to ensure the grid inertia of the power grid G ​​(see Figure 1), an upper limit value Lre (constant) is set in advance for the renewable energy ratio as shown in Figure 4. If the predicted renewable energy ratio RE(t) exceeds the upper limit value Lre, the excess amount of electricity generated is used as surplus power for hydrogen production.

[0038] The target system inertia force calculation unit 121 (see Figure 3) calculates the target surplus electricity amount TPsu [MW], which is the target value of the amount of electricity generated by the renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i (see Figure 1) that will be used for hydrogen production, based on the following equation (3). Incidentally, the "T" at the beginning of the symbol for the target surplus electricity amount (TPsu(t)) indicates that it is the total sum of the surplus electricity amounts of the renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i.

[0039]

[0040] In equation (3), RE(t)[-] is a predicted value of the renewable energy ratio and is calculated based on equation (1) described above. Lre[-] is an upper limit value for the renewable energy ratio (see Figure 4). D(t)[MW] is a predicted value of electricity demand during a predetermined time period, as described above. As shown in equation (3), the target system inertia force calculation unit 121 (see Figure 3) allocates the surplus when the renewable energy ratio RE(t) exceeds a predetermined upper limit value Lre as a target surplus electricity amount TPsu for hydrogen production.

[0041] Furthermore, when producing hydrogen using the power generated by renewable energy sources 31, ..., 3i (see Figure 1), the target system inertia force calculation unit 121 (see Figure 3) should prioritize the use of hydrogen production equipment connected to hydrogen storage devices with relatively small hydrogen storage capacities over other hydrogen production equipment. For example, suppose that among the multiple hydrogen storage devices 71, ..., 7i shown in Figure 1, hydrogen storage device 71 has a relatively small hydrogen storage capacity. In such a case, the target system inertia force calculation unit 121 sets the output destination of the power generated by the renewable energy source 31 to prioritize the use of hydrogen production equipment 61 connected to hydrogen storage device 71. This avoids the loss of opportunity, such as being unable to perform hydrogen co-firing with a synchronous power source due to a small hydrogen storage capacity.

[0042] The power generation planning unit 122 shown in Figure 3 creates an operation plan for the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1). Specifically, the power generation planning unit 122 calculates the target synchronous power source generation amount based on the predicted power demand, the predicted renewable energy generation amount, the target surplus power amount, and the target grid inertia force. Here, "target synchronous power source generation amount" refers to the target value of the power generation amount for each time period of the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n.

[0043] The power generation planning unit 122 first calculates the target total power generation amount TPsy(t) [MW] as the sum of the target power generation amounts of the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n in each time period, based on the following equation (4). Incidentally, the "T" at the beginning of the symbol for the target total power generation amount (TPsy(t)) indicates that it is the sum (total) of the power generation amounts of the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1).

[0044]

[0045] Incidentally, D(t) [MW] included in Equation (4) is, as described above, the predicted value of power demand in a predetermined time period t. Further, Pre(t) [MW] is, as described in Equation (1), the predicted value of the amount of renewable energy power generation in a predetermined time period t. Further, TPsu(t) [MW] is the target surplus power amount calculated based on Equation (3). Equation (4) generally represents that the target synchronous power generation amount TPsy(t) is calculated by subtracting the total amount of power generation supplied from the renewable energy power sources 31, …, 3i (see FIG. 1) to the power grid G (see FIG. 1) from the predicted value of power demand D(t).

[0046] Next, when determining how to drive the synchronous power sources 21, …, 2n (see FIG. 1) in each time period, the power generation planning unit 122 performs the calculation of Equation (5) as the objective function.

[0047]

[0048] Incidentally, A included in Equation (5) ｎ is a predetermined coefficient [−] related to the fuel cost of the hydrocarbon fuel when driving the synchronous power source 2n (n = 1, …, n: see FIG. 1), and is set in advance. Further, Psy ｎ (t) is the individual target synchronous power generation amount [MW] when driving the synchronous power source 2n (see FIG. 1) in a predetermined time period t. B is the startup cost [−] of the synchronous power source 2n, and is set in advance. Xsy ｎ (t) is a 0-1 variable related to the startup of the synchronous power source 2n. For example, when starting the synchronous power source 2n in a predetermined time period t, the value of Xsy ｎ (t) is set to 1 in that time period t. On the other hand, when the synchronous power source 2n is not started in a predetermined time period t, the value of Xsy ｎ (t) is set to 0 in that time period t.

[0049] Equation (5) as the objective function represents minimizing the total cost required for driving the synchronous power sources 21, …, 2n, etc. Incidentally, the above-mentioned target synchronous power generation amount Psy ｎ (t) and the 0-1 variable Xsy ｎ (t) are both set as explanatory variables of Equation (5).

[0050] When calculating the objective function in equation (5), the power generation planning unit 122 performs mathematical optimization so that the following constraints in equations (6) and (7) are satisfied. Equation (6) is the first constraint that the sum of the inertia constants of the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) is equal to or greater than the target system inertia force J(t).

[0051]

[0052] Note that M is included in equation (6). ｎ (t) is the inertial constant [MW·s] representing the inertial force of the synchronous power supply 2n (n=1, ..., n: see Figure 1), and is preset. J(t) is the target system inertial force at a predetermined time period t, and is calculated based on equation (2) described above.

[0053] Furthermore, equation (7) below represents a second constraint condition: that the balance between power supply and demand is met. The power generation planning unit 122 (see Figure 3) ensures that the amount of power generated by the synchronous power source 2n (n=1, ..., n: see Figure 1) satisfies the constraint condition of equation (7) below in each time period.

[0054] Note that the left side of equation (7) is Psy ｎ (t) is the amount of power generated by the synchronous power supply 2n (n=1, ..., n: see Figure 1) during a predetermined time period t. The right-hand side of equation (7) is the target total power generation of the synchronous power supply TPsy(t), which is calculated based on equation (4) described above. Equation (7) represents the goal of ensuring that the sum of the power generation amounts of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n is equal to the target synchronous power supply power generation TPsy(t).

[0055] As explained in equation (5) above, the power generation planning unit 122 calculates the target synchronous power generation amount Psy when the sum of the fuel costs and startup costs of the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) is minimized while satisfying the constraints of equations (6) and (7) during a predetermined calculation period (for example, 24 hours from the current time). ｎ (t) and the 0-1 variable Xsy ｎ (t) Determine whether the synchronous power supply is started or not. In other words, the power generation planning unit 122 sets the start timing of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n and the amount of power generated in each time period.

[0056] Thus, the power generation planning unit 122 calculates the inertia constant M for each of the multiple synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n. ｎ Under the first constraint (Equation (6)) that the sum of (t) is equal to or greater than the target system inertial force J(t), and the second constraint (Equation (7)) that the balance of power supply and demand is maintained in the power system G, the target synchronous power generation amount Psy for each time period of the multiple synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n is set in order to minimize the cost required to operate the synchronous power sources (Equation (5)). ｎ Calculate (t).

[0057] The hydrogen storage amount calculation unit 123 shown in Figure 3 calculates the amount of hydrogen stored in each time period based on the hydrogen consumption of the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) and the target surplus power amount. The aforementioned "hydrogen consumption" refers to the total amount of hydrogen consumed when hydrogen produced by the power generated by the renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i (see Figure 1) is co-fired with hydrocarbon fuels to become fuel for the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n. The previous value holding unit 125 shown in Figure 3 holds (stores) the previous value of the total hydrogen consumption (previous calculation result) and the previous value of the total hydrogen storage amount in the hydrogen consumption calculation that is repeated at predetermined intervals.

[0058] The hydrogen storage amount calculation unit 123 calculates the total amount of hydrogen stored in a predetermined time period t, VHy [Nm], based on the following formula (8). ３ Perform the calculation for ].

[0059]

[0060] In equation (8), VHy(t-1) is the previous value of the total amount of hydrogen stored, and is held by the previous value holding unit 125. Also, TPsu(t)[MW] is the target surplus power amount in a predetermined time period t, and is calculated based on equation (3) described above. η is the efficiency [Nm²] of each of the hydrogen production devices 61, ..., 6i (see Figure 1). ３ [ / MW] is pre-set. CHy(t-1) is the previous value of the total hydrogen consumption.

[0061] The hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 (see Figure 3) calculates the hydrogen co-firing ratio at the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) based on the target synchronous power generation amount and hydrogen storage amount. Here, the "hydrogen co-firing ratio" is the proportion of hydrogen when hydrogen and hydrocarbon fuels are mixed and burned at the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n. First, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 calculates the target synchronous power source load factor Lsy for the synchronous power source 2n (n=1, ..., n). ｎ (t)[-] is calculated based on the following equation (9). Here, "target synchronous power supply load factor" is the target value of the load factor of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n. Also, "load factor" is the ratio of the amount of power generated by the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n to the rated power generation amount.

[0062] Note that MaxPsy included in formula (9) ｎ (t) is the rated output [MW] of the synchronous power supply 2n (n=1, ..., n), and is preset for each of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1). Also, Psy ｎ (t) is the individual target synchronous power generation amount [MW] for each of the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n that minimizes the objective function of equation (5) described above. The hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 (see Figure 3) calculates the hydrogen co-firing ratio based on the relationship between the load factor of the synchronous power source and the increase ratio of the thermal efficiency of the synchronous power source, as will be explained below.

[0063] Figure 5 shows the relationship between the hydrogen co-firing ratio and thermal efficiency of a synchronous power supply. The horizontal axis of Figure 5 represents the hydrogen co-firing ratio in the synchronous power supply, and the vertical axis represents the thermal efficiency when hydrogen co-firing is performed in the synchronous power supply. Figure 5 shows graph F1, which shows the characteristics when the engine generator, which is a synchronous power supply, is driven at the maximum load factor, and graph F2, which shows the characteristics when it is driven under the minimum load factor conditions.

[0064] As shown in Figure 5, the graph F1 representing the maximum load factor is steeper than the graph F2 representing the minimum load factor. In other words, the rate at which the heat exchange efficiency increases with increasing hydrogen co-firing ratio (referred to as the rate of increase in thermal efficiency) is higher in graph F1 than in graph F2. Thus, the inventors have found that the higher the load factor of the synchronous power supply, the greater the effect of combustion improvement by hydrogen co-firing. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, the hydrogen co-firing ratio in the synchronous power supply is increased as the load factor of the synchronous power supply increases.

[0065] Figure 6 shows the relationship between the load factor of the synchronous power supply and the hydrogen co-firing ratio. In Figure 6, the horizontal axis represents the load factor of the synchronous power supply, and the vertical axis represents the hydrogen co-firing ratio. As shown in Figure 6, the higher the load factor of the synchronous power supply, the higher the hydrogen co-firing ratio is set. This relationship between the synchronous power supply load factor and the hydrogen co-firing ratio is set as a predetermined formula or data table and is stored in the storage unit 11 (see Figure 3) in advance.

[0066] The hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 (see Figure 3) calculates the target synchronous power load ratio Lsy based on the above formula (9). ｎ Based on (t) and the data shown in Figure 6 (relationship between the load factor of the synchronous power supply and the hydrogen co-firing ratio), the hydrogen co-firing ratio of the synchronous power supply at each time period t is RHy ｎ The (t)[-] calculation is performed. Specifically, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 increases the hydrogen co-firing ratio of the synchronous power supply as the load factor of the synchronous power supply increases.

[0067] Furthermore, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 (see Figure 3) calculates the CO2 emissions of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) during a predetermined time period t. ２ Total emissions E ＣＯ２ (t) is calculated based on the following equation (10).

[0068]

[0069] Note that RHy included in formula (10) ｎ (t) is the hydrogen co-firing ratio during a predetermined time period t, and is calculated based on the data in Figure 6, etc., as described above. Incidentally, (1-RHy) is included in the numerator of the right-hand side of equation (20). ｎ(t) is the co-combustion ratio of hydrocarbon fuels. Also, Psy ｎ (t) is the target synchronous power generation amount [MW] when the value of the objective function in equation (5) above is minimized (i.e., the cost is minimized). dt is a predetermined calculation step [h] (for example, 1 hour). Also, GHG ＣＨ CO is a hydrocarbon fuel. ２ Emission factor [tCO2] ２ / Nm ３ ] is set in advance. η is the efficiency [Nm²] of the hydrogen production apparatus 61, ..., 6i (see Figure 1), as explained in equation (8). ３ It is set to / MW] and is also ρ ＣＨ The volumetric energy density [MWh / Nm³] of hydrocarbon fuels is ３ This is pre-set.

[0070] The hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 (see Figure 3) calculates the CO2 emissions from multiple synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1). ２ The total amount of emissions is the predetermined target CO2 ２ The hydrogen co-firing ratio is calculated so that it is less than or equal to the emissions. For example, CO based on equation (10) ２ Total emissions E ＣＯ２ (t) is the predetermined target CO ２ If the emissions exceed the limit, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 rearranges each time period included in a predetermined calculation period (for example, 24 hours from the current time) in descending order of hydrogen co-firing ratio. Then, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 increases the hydrogen co-firing ratio in the time period at the top of the aforementioned order by a predetermined value (for example, 5%). This process is performed on CO ２ The total amount of emissions is the target CO2 ２ The process is repeated until the emissions fall below a predetermined level.

[0071] Furthermore, when increasing the hydrogen co-firing ratio during the time period with the highest ratio, if the hydrogen co-firing ratio during that time period has reached its upper limit of 1 (hydrogen-only firing), the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 performs the same process for the next highest-ranking time period. This increases the hydrogen co-firing ratio under conditions of high thermal efficiency, allowing for efficient use of hydrogen. As a result, CO emissions from the energy system 100 (see Figure 1) are reduced.２ Emissions can be effectively reduced.

[0072] After calculating the hydrogen co-firing ratio of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) in this manner, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 (see Figure 3) calculates the hydrogen consumption CHy(t) of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n based on the following equation (11). The hydrogen consumption CHy(t) represents the total amount of hydrogen consumed by the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n during a predetermined time period t.

[0073]

[0074] Note that RHy included in formula (11) ｎ (t) is the hydrogen co-firing ratio during a predetermined time period t, as explained in equation (10). Also, Psy ｎ (t) is the target synchronous power generation amount [MW], as explained in equation (5). dt is a predetermined calculation step [h] (e.g., 1 hour). η ｎ (t) is the thermal efficiency [-] of the synchronous power supply 2n (n=1, ..., n), which is set in advance. Note that the thermal efficiency η is obtained from a two-dimensional table of the hydrogen co-firing ratio and the load factor of the synchronous power supply. ｎ (t) may be set. ρ included in equation (11) Ｈｙ This is the volumetric energy density of hydrogen [MWh / Nm³]. ３ This is pre-set.

[0075] For example, when setting the hydrogen co-firing ratio for synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1), there may be periods when hydrogen consumption exceeds hydrogen storage capacity. In this case, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 (see Figure 3) sets the hydrogen co-firing ratio for each of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n to 0 during periods when hydrogen consumption exceeds hydrogen storage capacity. In this way, the system appropriately switches to operation using hydrocarbon fuels according to the amount of hydrogen stored.

[0076] Figure 7 is a flowchart of the process performed by the processing unit of the energy management device (see also Figure 3 as appropriate). The series of processes shown in Figure 7 may be repeated at predetermined intervals, or may be initiated by a predetermined input operation by the administrator. In step S101, the processing unit 12 reads various parameters and acquires various data. The parameters include the specifications of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) and renewable energy power supplies 31, ..., 3i, as well as the reference frequency, allowable frequency change rate, and coefficients related to fuel costs. The data acquired in step S101 also includes predicted power demand values ​​and predicted renewable energy generation values.

[0077] In step S102, the processing unit 12 calculates the target system inertia force (target system inertia force calculation process) and the target surplus power amount using the target system inertia force calculation unit 121. When calculating the target system inertia force and the target surplus power amount, the predicted power demand values ​​for each time period and the predicted renewable energy generation values ​​are used. Specifically, the target system inertia force is calculated based on equation (2) described above, and the target surplus power amount is calculated based on equation (3).

[0078] In step S103, the processing unit 12 calculates the target synchronous power generation amount using the power generation planning unit 122 (power generation planning process). That is, the processing unit 12 calculates the target synchronous power generation amount based on the power demand forecast value and renewable energy power generation forecast value included in the data acquired in step S101, as well as the target grid inertia force and target surplus power amount calculated in step S102. Specifically, the target synchronous power generation amounts for each synchronous power source 21, ..., 2n are calculated so as to satisfy the constraints of equations (6) and (7) described above, while minimizing the value of the objective function in equation (5).

[0079] In step S104, the processing unit 12 uses the hydrogen storage amount calculation unit 123 to calculate the total amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage devices 71, ..., 7i for each time period. Specifically, the calculation using equation (8) described above is performed based on the target surplus electricity amount, as well as the previous values ​​of hydrogen consumption and hydrogen storage amount.

[0080] In step S105, the processing unit 12 calculates the target hydrogen co-firing ratio for each of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n using the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124. Details of the process in step S105 will be described later.

[0081] In step S106, the processing unit 12 outputs the calculation results to the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n and the renewable energy power supplies 31, ..., 3i. Specifically, the processing unit 12 outputs command values ​​for the target synchronous power generation amount and target hydrogen co-firing ratio for each time period to the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n. The processing unit 12 also outputs command values ​​for the target surplus power amount for each time period to the renewable energy power supplies 31, ..., 3i. After performing the processing in step S106, the processing unit 12 terminates the series of processes (END).

[0082] Figure 8 is a flowchart detailing the processing in step S105 of Figure 7. In step S1051, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 determines whether the current amount of hydrogen stored (at the initial date and time of the calculation period) is less than or equal to a predetermined value. The predetermined value is a threshold that serves as a criterion for determining whether or not there will be a shortage of hydrogen even if hydrogen-only combustion is performed during the predetermined calculation period, and is set in advance. For example, the predetermined value (hydrogen storage threshold) may be set to an amount equivalent to three times the average daily hydrogen consumption. In step S1051, if the current amount of hydrogen stored is greater than the predetermined value (S1051: No), the processing of the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 proceeds to step S1052.

[0083] In step S1052, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 sets the hydrogen co-firing ratio of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) to an upper limit. For example, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 sets the hydrogen co-firing ratio for each time period to the upper limit of 1 (hydrogen-only firing), regardless of the load factor of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n. That is, if the amount of hydrogen stored at the initial date and time of a predetermined calculation period is greater than a predetermined value (S1051: No), the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 sets the hydrogen co-firing ratio to an upper limit for that calculation period. This ensures that when hydrogen is sufficiently stored, CO ２Emissions can be minimized. After the process in step S1052, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 completes the series of processes related to setting the hydrogen co-firing ratio (END).

[0084] Furthermore, if the current hydrogen storage amount is less than or equal to a predetermined value in step S1051 (S1051: Yes), the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 proceeds to step S1053. In step S1053, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 calculates the target synchronous power load ratio. That is, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 calculates the target synchronous power load ratio for synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n based on the calculation result of the power generation planning unit 122 (target synchronous power generation amount) and the above-mentioned equation (9).

[0085] In step S1054, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 calculates the hydrogen co-firing ratio of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) for each time period. That is, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 calculates the hydrogen co-firing ratio of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n for each time period based on the target synchronous power supply load factor, which is the calculation result in step S1053, and the data shown in Figure 6 (relationship between load factor and hydrogen co-firing ratio). As described above, the higher the load factor of the synchronous power supply (i.e., the target synchronous power supply load factor), the larger the value of the hydrogen co-firing ratio of that synchronous power supply is set to.

[0086] In step S1055, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 calculates the CO2 of the synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1). ２ The total amount of emissions is calculated. That is, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 calculates the CO based on the hydrogen co-firing ratio which is the result of the calculation in step S1054 and the above-mentioned formula (10). ２ Calculate the total amount of emissions.

[0087] In step S1056, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 determines CO ２ The total amount of emissions is the predetermined target CO2 ２ Determine whether the emissions are below the CO2 level. ２ The total amount of emissions is the target CO2 ２ If the amount is greater than the amount of emissions (S1056: No), the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 proceeds to step S1057.

[0088] In step S1057, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 rearranges each time period included in the predetermined calculation period in descending order of hydrogen co-firing ratio, and preferentially increases the hydrogen co-firing ratio of the highest-ranking time period in this order by a predetermined value (for example, 5%). After performing the process in step S1057, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 returns to step S1055.

[0089] Thus, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 calculates the CO2 in multiple synchronous power supplies 21, ..., 2n. ２ The total amount of emissions is the predetermined target CO2 ２ If the emissions exceed (S1056: No), the process (S1057) is performed to increase the hydrogen co-firing ratio of the time period with the highest hydrogen co-firing ratio among multiple time periods that are elements of the predetermined calculation period by a predetermined value, CO ２ The total amount of emissions is the target CO2 ２ Repeat until the emissions are below the limit.

[0090] Furthermore, if the hydrogen co-firing ratio in the time period with the highest hydrogen co-firing ratio among the multiple time periods that are elements of the calculation period has reached its upper limit, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 will perform a process to increase the hydrogen co-firing ratio in the time period with the next highest hydrogen co-firing ratio by a predetermined value, CO ２ The total amount of emissions is the target CO2 ２ Repeat until the emissions are below the limit.

[0091] Also, in step S1056, CO ２ The total amount of emissions is the target CO2 ２ If the emissions are less than or equal to the target amount (S1056: Yes), the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 proceeds to step S1058. In step S1058, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 calculates the hydrogen consumption for each time period. That is, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 calculates the hydrogen consumption for each time period by substituting the target synchronous power generation amount and the hydrogen co-firing ratio values ​​into the above-mentioned formula (11).

[0092] In step S1059, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 determines whether there is a period of time within a predetermined calculation period in which hydrogen consumption exceeds hydrogen storage capacity. If there is a period of time in step S1059 in which hydrogen consumption exceeds hydrogen storage capacity (S1059: Yes), the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 proceeds to step S1060.

[0093] In step S1060, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 sets the hydrogen co-firing ratio to 0 for the time period in which hydrogen consumption exceeds hydrogen storage capacity, and terminates the series of processes (END). Also, in step S1059, if there is no time period in which hydrogen consumption exceeds hydrogen storage capacity (S1059: No), the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 terminates the series of processes (END).

[0094] Figure 9 shows an example of calculation results for the operation plan of synchronous power sources and renewable energy sources. The horizontal axis of Figure 9 represents time. More specifically, the 24-hour period from 6:00 AM on the current day to 6:00 AM on the following day is set as the predetermined calculation period. The vertical axis of Figure 9, from top to bottom, represents power, renewable energy ratio, target grid inertia force, target number of synchronous power sources in operation, target synchronous power source load factor, hydrogen co-firing ratio, synchronous power source thermal efficiency, hydrogen storage amount, and CO2. ２ This shows the cumulative emissions value.

[0095] Furthermore, the power graph at the top of Figure 9 shows the amount of renewable energy power generation (predicted value), the amount of electricity demand (predicted value), and the amount of synchronous power generation (target value). Note that the amount of renewable energy power generation is shown stacked on top of the amount of synchronous power generation. The surplus power shown in Figure 9 is the value obtained by subtracting the sum of the amount of renewable energy power generation and the amount of synchronous power generation from the amount of electricity demand. Also, Figure 9 shows the hydrogen co-firing ratio, the thermal efficiency of the synchronous power generation, the amount of hydrogen stored, and CO2. ２ In the graphs for the cumulative emissions values, the values ​​corresponding to this embodiment are shown with solid lines, while comparative examples are shown with dashed lines.

[0096] As shown in Figure 9, the target grid inertia force is increased during daytime hours when the renewable energy ratio increases. Accordingly, the grid inertia force is ensured by increasing the number of operating synchronous power supplies. Note that the more operating synchronous power supplies there are, the lower the load factor per synchronous power supply (target synchronous power supply load factor). In the comparative example (dashed line), the hydrogen co-firing ratio is set to 1 (i.e., hydrogen-only firing) so that the target hydrogen co-firing ratio achieves maximum thermal efficiency regardless of the synchronous power supply load factor.

[0097] In contrast, in this embodiment (solid line), the hydrogen co-firing ratio is set to increase as the target synchronous power load factor increases. For example, during periods when the target synchronous power load factor is low, as mentioned above, the thermal efficiency due to hydrogen co-firing decreases (see also Figure 5), and consequently the thermal efficiency of the synchronous power supply also decreases. Therefore, in this embodiment (solid line), the hydrogen co-firing ratio is set to a lower value. On the other hand, in the comparative example (dashed line), the hydrogen co-firing ratio is always 1, except for the period when the hydrogen storage amount is almost zero (12:00 to 13:00). As a result, hydrogen consumption is high, and the hydrogen storage amount is zero during some daytime hours and at night.

[0098] In particular, during nighttime hours, the number of synchronous power supplies in operation decreases, resulting in a higher synchronous power supply load factor, which tends to make differences in thermal efficiency more apparent depending on the hydrogen co-firing ratio. In the comparative example (dashed line), the hydrogen co-firing ratio is high during daytime hours, so CO ２ Although the cumulative emissions are kept low, CO2 will be released when hydrogen storage reaches zero at night. ２ CO emissions have increased significantly. In response to this, in this embodiment (solid line), hydrogen consumption is suppressed during the daytime when the synchronous power load rate is low, while the hydrogen co-firing ratio is set higher at night when the synchronous power load rate is high. As a result, hydrogen can be used efficiently, ２ Emissions can be effectively reduced.

[0099] According to this embodiment, in a power system G including renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i and synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n capable of hydrogen co-firing, it is possible to ensure a balance between power supply and demand and stabilize the frequency. For example, even if a malfunction occurs in an external power system H (see Figure 1) and the power system G is electrically disconnected from the external power system H, the power system G can be stabilized by ensuring system inertia force within the energy system 100 and maintaining a balance between supply and demand. Furthermore, hydrogen can be used efficiently by setting the hydrogen co-firing ratio based on the load factor of the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n. Therefore, CO2 in the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n ２ Emissions can be effectively reduced.

[0100] <Modifications> Although embodiments of the energy management device 10 and energy management method according to the present disclosure have been described above, the invention is not limited to these descriptions and various modifications can be made. For example, in the embodiments, the case in which a generator equipped with a turbine (not shown) or an engine (not shown) is used as the synchronous power supply 21, ..., 2n has been described, but the invention is not limited to this. That is, it is also possible to use a synchronous condenser for at least a part of the synchronous power supply 21, ..., 2n. In the synchronous condenser, the hydrogen co-firing ratio is appropriately adjusted to maintain a predetermined rotational speed. Furthermore, as will be described below, grid inertia may be ensured by a pseudo-inertia inverter connected to the fuel cell.

[0101] Figure 10 is a configuration diagram including an energy management device 10A according to a modified example. In the modified example shown in Figure 10, fuel cells 91, ..., 9n and pseudo-inertia inverters 101, ..., 10n are included in the energy system 100A. The fuel cells 91, ..., 9n are batteries configured to extract electrical energy by reacting hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cells 91, ..., 9n from hydrogen storage devices 71, ..., 7i via a hydrogen supply line P. Incidentally, when electrolysis of water is performed in the hydrogen production devices 61, ..., 6i, oxygen is also produced along with hydrogen. This oxygen may be stored in an oxygen storage device (not shown) and further supplied to the fuel cells 91, ..., 9n via an oxygen supply line (not shown).

[0102] The pseudo-inertia inverters 101, ..., 10n (also called synchronous force inverters) shown in Figure 10 are configured to simulate the behavior of a synchronous power supply through inverter control and generate pseudo-system inertia and synchronous forces. Since the fuel cells 91, ..., 9n and the pseudo-inertia inverters 101, ..., 10n are well known, a detailed explanation will be omitted. As shown in Figure 10, the fuel cell 91 is connected to the power transmission and distribution line L via the pseudo-inertia inverter 101. The connection between the fuel cell 91 and the pseudo-inertia inverter 101 constitutes a "synchronous power supply" (the same applies to the other fuel cells 9n and pseudo-inertia inverters 10n). In the configuration shown in Figure 10, the fuel used for power generation of the aforementioned "synchronous power supply" is assumed to include hydrogen produced by the power generated by the renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i.

[0103] Figure 11 is a functional block diagram of an modified energy management device 10A. The processing unit 12A of the energy management device 10A shown in Figure 11 is configured to include a hydrogen usage planning unit 126 instead of the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 124 (see Figure 3) described in the embodiment. The hydrogen usage planning unit 126 calculates the target amount of hydrogen to be used in the fuel cells 91, ..., 9n based on the target synchronous power generation amount and the hydrogen storage amount. That is, the hydrogen usage planning unit 126 calculates the target amount of hydrogen for each time period so that a predetermined target synchronous power generation amount (target value of power generation amount in each fuel cell 91, ..., 9n) is met and the hydrogen storage amount does not become zero. The calculation results of the hydrogen usage planning unit 126 are output to the control devices (not shown) of the fuel cells 91, ..., 9n. Incidentally, since the volume ratio of hydrogen to oxygen consumed in the fuel cells 91, ..., 9n is 2:1, the target amount of oxygen is also determined according to the target amount of hydrogen.

[0104] Furthermore, although the embodiment described a case in which a plurality of synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) and a plurality of renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i (see Figure 1) are included in the power system G, it is not limited to this. For example, the number of synchronous power sources and renewable energy power sources included in the power system G may be one. In addition, other power plants such as thermal power plants (not shown) and nuclear power plants (not shown) may be connected to the transmission and distribution line L (see Figure 1) in addition to the synchronous power sources 21, ..., 2n (see Figure 1) and renewable energy power sources 31, ..., 3i.

[0105] Furthermore, the processing (energy management method) of the energy management device 10 may be executed as a predetermined program on a computer. The aforementioned program can be provided via a communication line, or it can be written to a recording medium such as a CD-ROM and distributed.

[0106] Furthermore, this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments and includes various modifications. For example, the embodiments are described in detail for the purpose of clearly illustrating this disclosure and are not necessarily limited to having all the configurations described. Also, some of the configurations of the embodiments can be added, deleted, or replaced with other configurations.

[0107] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned configurations, functions, processing units, processing means, etc., may be implemented in hardware, either partially or entirely, by designing them as integrated circuits, for example. Alternatively, each of the aforementioned configurations, functions, etc., may be implemented in software by having the processor interpret and execute programs that realize each function. Information such as programs, tables, and files that realize each function can be stored in memory, a recording device such as a hard disk or SSD (Solid State Drive), or a recording medium such as an IC card, SD card, or DVD.

[0108] Furthermore, the control lines and information lines shown are those deemed necessary for explanatory purposes, and not all control lines and information lines are necessarily shown in the actual product. In reality, it can be assumed that almost all components are interconnected.

[0109] 10, 10A Energy management device 11 Memory unit 12, 12A Processing unit 21, ..., 2n Synchronous power supply 31, ..., 3i Renewable energy power supply 41, ..., 4i Inverter 50 Circuit breaker 61, ..., 6i Hydrogen production equipment 71, ..., 7i Hydrogen storage equipment 81, ..., 8k Consumer 91, ..., 9n Fuel cell (synchronous power supply) 100, 100A Energy system 101, ..., 10n Pseudo-inertial force inverter (synchronous power supply) 121 Target system inertial force calculation unit 122 Power generation planning unit 123 Hydrogen storage amount calculation unit 124 Hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit 125 Previous value retention unit 126 Hydrogen usage planning unit G Power system S102 Step (Target system inertial force calculation processing) S103 Step (Power generation planning processing)

Claims

1. An energy management device comprising: a power demand forecast value for a power grid including renewable energy power sources and synchronous power sources, a renewable energy power generation forecast value which is a predicted value of the amount of electricity generated by the renewable energy power sources, which is a predicted value of the amount of electricity generated by the renewable energy power sources, which is a target value for the amount of electricity used for hydrogen production, and a target system inertia force calculation unit which calculates the target system inertia force of the power grid; hydrogen produced by the electricity generated by the renewable energy power sources is included in the fuel used for power generation of the synchronous power sources; and a power generation planning unit which calculates the target synchronous power generation amount which is a target value of the amount of electricity generated by the synchronous power sources in each time period, based on the power demand forecast value, the renewable energy power generation forecast value, the target surplus electricity amount, and the target system inertia force.

2. The energy management device according to claim 1, comprising: a hydrogen storage amount calculation unit that calculates the amount of hydrogen stored in each time period based on the amount of hydrogen consumed when hydrogen produced by the electricity generated by the renewable energy power source is co-fired with hydrocarbon fuel to be used as fuel for the synchronous power source, and the target surplus electricity amount; and a hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit that calculates the hydrogen co-firing ratio in the synchronous power source based on the target synchronous power source power generation amount and the hydrogen storage amount.

3. The energy management device according to claim 1, characterized in that the target system inertia force calculation unit calculates the power fluctuation rate of the power system based on the renewable energy ratio, which is the ratio of the predicted renewable energy generation amount to the predicted power demand amount, and further calculates the target system inertia force based on the power fluctuation rate and the predicted power demand amount.

4. The energy management device according to claim 1, characterized in that the target system inertia force calculation unit allocates the surplus when the renewable energy ratio, which is the ratio of the predicted renewable energy generation amount to the predicted power demand amount, exceeds a predetermined upper limit, as the target surplus power amount for hydrogen production.

5. The energy management device according to claim 1, characterized in that, when producing hydrogen with the power generated by the renewable energy source, the target system inertia force calculation unit prioritizes the use of a hydrogen production device connected to a hydrogen storage device with a relatively small hydrogen storage capacity over other hydrogen production devices.

6. The energy management device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power generation planning unit calculates the target synchronous power generation amount for each time period of the plurality of synchronous power sources in order to minimize the cost required to operate the synchronous power sources under the constraints of a first constraint that the sum of the inertial constants of each of the plurality of synchronous power sources is equal to or greater than the target system inertial force, and a second constraint that the balance of power supply and demand is maintained in the power system.

7. The energy management device according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit calculates the hydrogen co-firing ratio based on the relationship between the load factor of the synchronous power supply and the increase ratio of the thermal efficiency of the synchronous power supply.

8. The energy management device according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit increases the hydrogen co-firing ratio of the synchronous power supply as the load factor of the synchronous power supply increases.

9. The hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit calculates the CO2 in multiple synchronous power supplies. ２ The total amount of emissions is the predetermined target CO2 ２ The energy management device according to claim 2, characterized in that it calculates the hydrogen co-firing ratio so that it is less than or equal to the emissions.

10. The hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit calculates the CO2 in multiple synchronous power supplies. ２ The total amount of emissions is the predetermined target CO2 ２ If the emissions exceed the limit, the process of increasing the hydrogen co-firing ratio in the time period with the highest hydrogen co-firing ratio among multiple time periods that are elements of a predetermined calculation period by a predetermined value is performed, the CO ２ The total amount of emissions is the aforementioned target CO2 ２ The energy management device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is repeated until the emissions are less than or equal to the amount.

11. The hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit, if the hydrogen co-firing ratio in the time period with the highest hydrogen co-firing ratio among the multiple time periods that are elements of the calculation target period has reached its upper limit, performs a process to increase the hydrogen co-firing ratio in the time period with the next highest hydrogen co-firing ratio by a predetermined value, the CO ２ The total amount of emissions is the aforementioned target CO2 ２ The energy management device according to claim 10, characterized in that it is repeated until the emissions are less than or equal to the amount.

12. The energy management device according to claim 2, characterized in that, if the amount of hydrogen stored at the initial date and time of a predetermined calculation period is greater than a predetermined value, the hydrogen co-firing ratio planning unit sets the hydrogen co-firing ratio to an upper limit for that calculation period.

13. An energy management method comprising: a power demand forecast value for a power grid including renewable energy sources and synchronous power sources; a renewable energy power generation forecast value which is a forecast value of the amount of electricity generated by the renewable energy sources; a target surplus electricity amount which is a target value of the amount of electricity generated by the renewable energy sources to be used for hydrogen production; and a target system inertia force calculation process which calculates the target system inertia force of the power grid; wherein the fuel used for power generation of the synchronous power source includes hydrogen produced by the electricity generated by the renewable energy sources; and a power generation planning process which calculates the target synchronous power generation amount which is a target value of the amount of electricity generated by the synchronous power source in each time period, based on the power demand forecast value, the renewable energy power generation forecast value, the target surplus electricity amount, and the target system inertia force.

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