Method for installing a mast on the roof of a building

Abstract

The invention can be used on the roof of a building for pivoting a mast into a vertical position with the aid of profiles, wherein the mast and a base thereof have a wind turbine, photovoltaic panels and a cell antenna positioned thereon. The base is configured in the form of a three-dimensional structure, and the mast and the profiles are mounted on the upper surface of the base, thus preventing damage to the roof covering. Positioning a structure, which is made of materials that are opaque to electromagnetic waves, on the base eliminates the wind resistance effect thereof and increases the reliability of the mast. All of the other elements of a wind energy generator and a cellular base station, except for the wind turbine and the cell antenna, are positioned inside the interior of the base, thus leaving surfaces available for the photovoltaic panels. Positioning photovoltaic panels on the upper and side surfaces of the base, in addition to the wind turbine and the cell antenna on the mast itself, increases the efficiency of a device for carrying out the claimed method.

Description

[0001] METHOD OF INSTALLING A SUPPORT ON THE ROOF OF A BUILDING

[0002] The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to methods for constructing high-rise structures, and can be used on the roof of a building to rotate a support into a vertical position using rims, with the placement of a wind generator, photovoltaic panels and a cellular antenna on the support and on its base.

[0003] A method is known for mounting a support on the roof of a building, which includes turning the support to a vertical position after its assembly, consisting in the fact that before assembling the support, the main and auxiliary rims are assembled, which are arranged in vertical positions in mutually perpendicular planes, while the main rim is turned from a horizontal to a vertical position together with the support placed on its upper part (Eurasian Patent No. 030853, filed on 06.04.2015, published on 31.10.2018, under class E04H12 / 34).

[0004] The main disadvantage of the known method is that the support is rotated, placing it on the upper part of the main rim, which is why, when implementing the method on the roof of a building, the maximum possible height of the equipment placement is limited, since in the cramped conditions of the site on the roof of a building, it is difficult to manufacture a main rim with sufficient strength to withstand lateral loads at the point of connection of its upper part with the base of the support.

[0005] The closest in technical essence to the claimed method is the method of mounting a support on the roof of a building, including turning the support to a vertical position after its assembly, which consists in the fact that before assembling the support, the main and auxiliary rims are assembled, which are arranged in vertical positions in mutually perpendicular planes, in which the hinge mechanism for turning the support is installed at the central point of the segment connecting the ends of the main rim, and the auxiliary rim is made consisting of two identical, parallel parts, between which in one half of the auxiliary rim the space is left free, and the distance is selected to ensure the passage of the support, rotated by means of a lifting and traction mechanism along a vertical plane, while on the basis of the auxiliary rim a stepladder is formed, the steps of which are attached to the sides of the two parts of the second half of the auxiliary rim, not used for the passage of the support,wherein a structure made of materials that do not transmit electromagnetic waves is installed in the space between the upper part of the main rim and the equipment, wherein the assembly begins with laying the beams along the axes of rotation of the two rims, then the supports are installed on the beams, and after assembly and subsequent rotation of the auxiliary rim from a horizontal to a vertical position, the main rim and the support are assembled and rotated from horizontal to vertical positions one after another, with the fastening of each base along its perimeter to the corresponding support (Eurasian Patent No. 035611, filed on 16.08.2019, published on 15.07.2020, under class E04H12 / 34, H01Q1 / 12, H01Q1 / 10).

[0006] The existing method has a number of serious drawbacks, although it solves the main problem of the previously discussed method by installing the pivot mechanism for the support at the center of the segment connecting the ends of the main rim, allowing the support to rotate independently of the main rim. The main drawback of the existing method is that the support and rims are placed directly on the building's roof surface via beams and supports, increasing the risk of damage to the roof covering. The support and rims hinder access for roof repairs, such as when replacing the roof covering, or in the event of a leak from the ceiling of the upper floor, especially during rainy periods and snowmelt. Removing the support and rims for roof repairs results in downtime for the equipment on the support and reduces its effectiveness.Furthermore, the size of the structure, made of electromagnetically impermeable materials, is comparable to the size of a cellular antenna, which is up to two meters long when using a sector panel antenna. However, both horizontal and vertical wind loads on the support and rims increase sharply due to the windage of the structure located under the cellular antenna along the support, which significantly reduces the structural reliability of the rims and the support and equipment during hurricane-force winds.Placing virtually all wind turbine components and a cellular base station on a building's roof in an open, weather-exposed space, along with the need to provide access to each of these components for maintenance, when implementing the known method, reduces the reliability of the open-air components and also requires significant roof space, thereby limiting the possibility of installing additional solar power system components. Each of these factors reduces the efficiency of the device implementing the method.

[0007] The technical problem that the present invention is aimed at solving consists of eliminating the placement of the support and rims directly on the surface of the building's roof, eliminating the influence of the windage of a structure made of materials that do not transmit electromagnetic waves on the structural reliability of the support and rims, and also placing only the rims and the support with equipment in an open space.

[0008] The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of a device implementing a known method by solving the stated problem.

[0009] The stated problem is solved in that in the method of mounting a support on the roof of a building, including turning the support into a vertical position after its assembly, which consists in the fact that before assembling the support, the main and auxiliary rims are assembled, which in vertical positions are arranged in mutually perpendicular planes, the hinge mechanism for turning the support is installed at the central point of the segment connecting the ends of the main rim, and the auxiliary rim is made consisting of two identical, parallel parts, between which in one half of the auxiliary rim the space is left free, and the distance is selected to ensure the passage of the support, rotated by means of a lifting and traction mechanism along a vertical plane, while on the basis of the auxiliary rim a stepladder is formed, the steps of which are attached to the sides of the two parts of the second half of the auxiliary rim, not used for the passage of the support,According to the invention, a hinge mechanism for rotating the support is mounted on a vertical post of the stand, wherein the stand is made in the form of a spatial structure with an internal height higher than human height, and on the upper surface of the stand next to the hinge mechanism for rotating the support, a mounting platform is provided with the possibility of mounting the support in its inclined position, wherein the main rim is placed on the upper surface of the stand with an emphasis on the supporting elements and fixed in a vertical position, and the sides of the two parts of one half of the auxiliary rim, between which the support passes when it rotates, are installed at an acute angle to the horizontal plane on the mounting platform between the upper part of the main rim and the supporting elements of the stand,wherein the sides of the two parts of the second half of the auxiliary rim are installed vertically on the upper surface of the stand with an emphasis on the supporting elements next to the hinge mechanism for turning the support, and a structure made of materials that do not transmit electromagnetic waves is installed on the upper surface of the stand, then photovoltaic panels are placed on the upper and side surfaces of the stand on the sunny side with the possibility of adjusting the angle of their inclination, wherein the support after assembly on the installation site, with the help of a lifting and traction mechanism, is turned from an inclined position to a vertical one, followed by fixing the position by connecting the support to the upper part of the main rim.

[0010] The technical result in the claimed invention is achieved by performing this set of actions in the above sequence.

[0011] The claimed invention eliminates the need to place the support and rims directly on the building's roof surface, preventing them from damaging the roof covering. A structure made of electromagnetically impermeable materials is mounted not on the support, but on the upper surface of the base, eliminating the effect of the structure's windage on the structural integrity of the rims and the support and equipment. The base is designed as a spatial structure with an internal height greater than human height, and the support and rims are mounted on the upper surface of the base.Moreover, all other components of the wind turbine and cellular base station, except for the wind generator and cellular antenna, are housed within the interior of the stand. This increases the reliability of these components by protecting them from adverse weather conditions. This also frees up space on the top surface of the stand, and creates additional space on the side of the stand for accommodating photovoltaic panels. Since the stand is the foundation of the tower in the claimed invention, placing photovoltaic panels on the surfaces of the foundation increases the efficiency of the device implementing the method.

[0012] Thus, the solution to the technical problem, which consists in eliminating the placement of the support and rims directly on the surface of the building's roof, eliminating the influence of the windage of a structure made of materials that do not transmit electromagnetic waves on the structural reliability of the support and rims, as well as placing only the rims and the support with equipment in an open space, allows us to obtain a technical result - an increase in the efficiency of the device implementing the method.

[0013] The figure shows a device that implements the claimed method.

[0014] The method for mounting a support on a building roof is as follows. In this method, a hinge mechanism 1 for rotating support 2 is mounted on a vertical post 3 of a support 4.

[0015] Stand 4, being the foundation of support 2, also serves many other functions in the claimed invention. Stand 4 is designed as a spatial structure with an internal height greater than human height, allowing for the placement of all other components of the wind turbine and cellular base station, except for the wind generator and cellular antenna, within the stand's interior. This protects these components from adverse weather conditions and improves their reliability. It also frees up some open space on the stand's upper surface and creates new space on the side of the stand for photovoltaic panels.

[0016] On the upper surface of the stand 4 next to the hinge mechanism

[0017] 1 For rotation of support 2, a mounting platform 5 is provided with the ability to mount support 2 in an inclined position for convenient attachment of the wind generator and cellular antenna. The main rim 6 is installed on the upper surface of the support 4 with an emphasis on the supporting elements and fixed in a vertical position. The sides of the two parts of one half of the auxiliary rim 7, between which the support passes

[0018] 2 when it turns, at an acute angle to the horizontal plane on the mounting platform 5, it is installed between the upper part of the main rim 6 and the supporting elements of the support 4, and the sides of the two parts of the second half of the auxiliary rim 7 with attached steps for the stepladder are installed vertically on the upper surface of the support 4 with an emphasis on the supporting elements next to the hinge mechanism 1 for turning the support 2.

[0019] Placing support 2 and rims 6 and 7 on base 4 prevents them from damaging the roof covering. A structure made of electromagnetically impermeable materials, such as metal sheets, is installed on the upper surface of base 4. This not only protects the building's interior from the direct radiation of the cellular antenna located on base 4 but also eliminates the influence of the windage of this structure on the structural integrity of support 2 and rims 6 and 7. The dimensions of the electromagnetically impermeable structure are adjusted depending on the height of the cellular antenna above the structure. A removable roof can be installed along the slope above installation platform 5. The building's existing drainage system is used to drain water from the surface of base 4.Photovoltaic panels are installed on the top and side surfaces of stand 4 on the sunny side. Their angle can be adjusted, with the optimal angle typically being between 30 and 45 degrees relative to the horizon. Ventilation is also possible.

[0020] In the figure, the wind turbine and cellular antenna are depicted in a simplified form as equipment 8. To avoid cluttering the diagram, the structure made of materials that do not transmit electromagnetic waves, lifting and traction mechanisms, photovoltaic panels, other elements of the solar power plant, wind turbine and cellular base station, as well as the parapet on the surface of the stand are not shown in the figure.

[0021] After assembly on the assembly site 5, the support 2 with the equipment 8 is turned from an inclined position to a vertical position using a lifting and traction mechanism, followed by fixing the position by connecting the support 2 to the upper part of the main rim 6.

[0022] In other implementations, the upper surface of the support can be designed as a sloped system with a variable number of slopes, or as a flat system. With a flat system, the solar power plant requires a minimum distance between rows of photovoltaic panels, which can also be installed on the building walls. The support can be located in the central part of the upper surface of the support. With a gable system, after rotating to a vertical position, the support can be attached to the butt joint of the two slopes. The hinge mechanism for rotating the support is mounted on a post located along a vertical line passing through a point along the intersection of the slopes. The intersection of the two slopes can be offset from the center of the support.The boundary lines of the mounting pad may not form a right angle with the plane of the side surface of the stand, which extends the length of the mounting pad to ensure the installation of a longer support.

[0023] Depending on weather conditions, the technical condition of the building, and the operational requirements of the wind turbine, solar power plant, and cellular base station components, the support structure can be either lightweight or permanent. In the claimed invention, the support structure is the foundation of the tower, and therefore, placing photovoltaic panels on the support's foundation directly increases the efficiency of the device implementing the method.

Claims

Invention formula METHOD OF INSTALLING A SUPPORT ON THE ROOF OF A BUILDING A method for mounting a support on the roof of a building, which includes rotating the support to a vertical position after its assembly, consisting in the fact that before assembling the support, the main and auxiliary rims are assembled, which are arranged in vertical positions in mutually perpendicular planes, a hinge mechanism for rotating the support is installed at the central point of the segment connecting the ends of the main rim, and the auxiliary rim is made consisting of two identical, parallel parts, between which in one half of the auxiliary rim the space is left free, and the distance is selected to ensure the passage of the support, rotated by means of a lifting and traction mechanism along a vertical plane, while on the base of the auxiliary rim a stepladder is formed, the steps of which are attached to the sides of the two parts of the second half of the auxiliary rim, not used for the passage of the support, characterized in that,that the hinge mechanism for rotating the support is installed on the vertical post of the stand, wherein the stand is made in the form of a spatial structure with an internal height higher than human height, and on the upper surface of the stand next to the hinge mechanism for rotating the support a mounting platform is provided with the possibility of mounting the support in its inclined position, wherein the main rim is placed on the upper surface of the stand with an emphasis on the supporting elements and fixed in a vertical position, and the sides of the two parts of one half of the auxiliary rim, between which the support passes when it rotates, are installed at an acute angle to the horizontal plane on the mounting platform between the upper part of the main rim and the supporting elements of the stand, wherein the sides of the two parts of the second half of the auxiliary rim are installed vertically on the upper surface of the stand with an emphasis on the supporting elements next to the hinge mechanism for rotating the support,wherein a structure made of materials that do not transmit electromagnetic waves is installed on the upper surface of the stand, then photovoltaic panels are placed on the upper and side surfaces of the stand on the sunny side with the possibility of adjusting the angle of their inclination, while the support after assembly on the installation site, with the help of a lifting and traction mechanism, is turned from an inclined position to a vertical one, followed by fixing the position by connecting the support to the upper part of the main rim.

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