Direct-current conversion circuit and control method therefor, and electronic device and server

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits. Disclosed are a direct-current conversion circuit and a control method therefor, and an electronic device and a server. The direct-current conversion circuit comprises a switch topology module, which is configured to convert an input voltage into a target voltage on the basis of a drive signal received by a drive receiving port of the switch topology module, and which comprises a transformer, wherein a primary side of the transformer is used as an output filter inductor of the switch topology module, and when the transformer is coupled to an inductive coupling module, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor is reduced, so as to improve the current dynamic response of the direct-current conversion circuit; the inductive coupling module is connected to a secondary side of the transformer, receives a coupling control signal by means of a coupling control port of the inductive coupling module, and controls the inductive coupling module to couple to the transformer, so as to reduce the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor and improve the current dynamic response of the direct-current conversion circuit; and after the direct-current conversion circuit reaches a steady state, a compensation inductor is decoupled from the primary side of the transformer, so as to reduce the ripple at an output end and improve the conversion efficiency of the direct-current conversion circuit.

Description

DC-DC converter circuits and their control methods, electronic devices and servers

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411913277.3, filed on December 24, 2024, entitled "DC Conversion Circuit and Control Method Thereof, Electronic Equipment and Server", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, and in particular to DC-DC conversion circuits and their control methods, electronic devices, and servers. Background Technology

[0004] A switching power supply is a voltage conversion circuit widely used in electronic products. Its energy storage components adjust the circuit's operating state to adapt to load changes, restoring the circuit to a steady state. When the load current suddenly changes, causing the circuit to enter a transient state, the inductor current must adjust promptly to match the new load current. After a period of adjustment, a certain difference will appear between the load current and the inductor current. At this point, the charging and discharging of the capacitor provides adjustment. The shorter the transient adjustment time, the better the circuit's dynamic response capability.

[0005] Because a smaller inductance value allows for a faster rate of current change and a shorter transient settling time for the load current under the same voltage excitation, reducing the output filter inductance is often used to improve the dynamic response of a circuit. However, a smaller inductance leads to a larger peak-to-peak inductor current, which can easily cause inductor saturation and reduce power conversion efficiency. Due to these contradictions, in practice, the dynamic response of a switching power supply cannot be improved simply by reducing the inductance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To resolve the contradiction between the dynamic response capability of switching power supplies and the phenomena of inductor saturation and reduced power conversion efficiency, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, a DC-DC conversion circuit is provided, comprising:

[0008] A switching topology module is used to convert the input voltage into a target voltage based on the drive signal received by its drive receiving port;

[0009] The switching topology module includes a transformer. The primary side of the transformer serves as the output filter inductor of the switching topology module. When the transformer is coupled with the inductor coupling module, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor is reduced, thereby improving the current dynamic response of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0010] The inductive coupling module is connected to the secondary side of the transformer. It receives coupling control signals through its coupling control port to control the coupling between the inductive coupling module and the transformer, thereby reducing the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor and improving the current dynamic response of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, the switch topology module also has: a first coupling port of the switch topology module and a second coupling port of the switch topology module;

[0012] The inductive coupling module also includes: a first coupling port and a second coupling port.

[0013] The first coupling port of the switch topology module is connected to the first coupling port of the inductive coupling module, and the second coupling port of the switch topology module is connected to the second coupling port of the inductive coupling module.

[0014] Furthermore, the switch topology module also includes a switch unit;

[0015] The switching unit has a drive input port, a voltage input port, and a switching unit output port;

[0016] The drive input port serves as the drive receiving port, the output port of the switching unit is connected to the same-name terminal on the primary side of the transformer, the same-name terminal on the secondary side of the transformer serves as the first coupling port of the switching topology module, and the other end on the secondary side of the transformer serves as the second coupling port of the switching topology module.

[0017] Furthermore, the inductive coupling module includes: a coupling inductor and a switch;

[0018] The switch has: a first switch port, a second switch port, and a third switch port;

[0019] The first port of the switch serves as the coupling control port, the second port of the switch serves as the first coupling port of the inductive coupling module, the third port of the switch is connected to one end of the coupling inductor and then grounded, and the other end of the coupling inductor serves as the second coupling port of the inductive coupling module.

[0020] Furthermore, the DC-DC conversion circuit also includes:

[0021] The current sampling module is used to collect the current flowing through the secondary side of the transformer from the inductive coupling module;

[0022] The signal amplification module is used to amplify the current collected and flowing through the secondary side of the transformer;

[0023] The signal processing module is used to transmit control signals to the coupling control port based on the amplified current signal on the secondary side of the transformer, and to adjust the drive signal based on the output voltage.

[0024] Furthermore, the inductive coupling module also has: a first detection port and a second detection port;

[0025] The current sampling module has: a first sampling port, a second sampling port, and a third sampling port;

[0026] The signal amplification module has: a first port of the signal amplification module, a second port of the signal amplification module, and a third port of the signal amplification module;

[0027] The signal processing module has: a first feedback port, a second feedback port, a first output port, and a second output port;

[0028] The first detection port is connected to the first sampling port, the second detection port is connected to the second sampling port, the third sampling port is connected to the first port of the signal amplification module, the second port of the signal amplification module is connected to the second detection port of the inductive coupling module, the third port of the signal amplification module is connected to the second feedback port, the first feedback port is connected to the voltage output port of the switching topology module, the first output port is connected to the coupling control port, and the second output port is connected to the drive receiving port.

[0029] Furthermore, the current sampling module includes: a first resistor and a first capacitor;

[0030] One end of the first resistor serves as the first sampling port, the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor to serve as the third sampling port, and the other end of the first capacitor serves as the second sampling port.

[0031] Furthermore, the signal amplification module includes: an operational amplifier, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor;

[0032] One end of the second resistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor and then connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier. The other end of the second resistor serves as the first port of the signal amplification module. One end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the fifth resistor and then connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier. The other end of the third resistor serves as the second port of the signal amplification module. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output of the operational amplifier and then serves as the third port of the signal amplification module.

[0033] Furthermore, the signal processing module includes:

[0034] The analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to determine the coupling control signal based on the signal at the output of the operational amplifier and to determine the pulse signal based on the output voltage, so that the drive unit can determine the drive signal.

[0035] The drive unit is used to determine the drive signal based on the pulse signal determined by the analog-to-digital conversion unit.

[0036] Furthermore, the analog-to-digital conversion unit has: a first receiving port, a second receiving port, a first transmission port, and a second transmission port;

[0037] The drive unit has: a pulse receiving port and a drive transmission port;

[0038] The first receiving port serves as the first feedback port, the second receiving port serves as the second feedback port, the first transmitting port serves as the first output port, the second transmitting port is connected to the pulse receiving port, and the driving transmitting port serves as the second output port.

[0039] Furthermore, the switching unit includes a first transistor and a diode;

[0040] The first transistor has: a first transistor first terminal, a first transistor second terminal, and a first transistor third terminal;

[0041] The first transistor's first terminal serves as the drive input port, the second terminal of the first transistor is connected to the input voltage, the third terminal of the first transistor is connected to the cathode of the diode, and the anode of the diode is grounded.

[0042] Furthermore, the drive receiving port has a first receiving sub-port and a second receiving sub-port;

[0043] The switching unit includes a second transistor and a third transistor;

[0044] The second transistor has: a first terminal of the second transistor, a second terminal of the second transistor, and a third terminal of the second transistor;

[0045] The third transistor has: a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal;

[0046] The first terminal of the second transistor serves as the first receiving sub-port, the third terminal of the second transistor is connected to the second terminal of the third transistor, and the first terminal of the third transistor serves as the second receiving sub-port.

[0047] Furthermore, both the second and third transistors are N-MOSFETs (N-channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors).

[0048] The high-level phases of the drive signals received by the first receiving sub-port and the second receiving sub-port are complementary.

[0049] Furthermore, the second transistor is a P-MOSFET (P-channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), and the third transistor is an N-MOSFET.

[0050] The high-level phases of the drive signals received by the first receiving sub-port and the second receiving sub-port are the same.

[0051] Furthermore, the second output port includes a first drive output sub-port and a second drive output sub-port;

[0052] The first drive output sub-port is connected to the first receive sub-port and is used to provide drive signals to the second transistor.

[0053] The second drive output sub-port is connected to the second receive sub-port to provide drive signals to the third transistor.

[0054] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising the DC-DC conversion circuit described in the first aspect.

[0055] Thirdly, a server is provided, including the DC-DC conversion circuit described in the first aspect.

[0056] Fourthly, a DC-DC converter circuit control method is provided, applied to the DC-DC converter circuit described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0057] When the absolute value of the difference between the output voltage and the preset voltage value exceeds the first threshold and the rate of change of the output voltage exceeds the second threshold, the drive signal is adjusted to restore the output voltage to the preset voltage value. The coupling signal is then transmitted to the coupling control port as the coupling control signal to couple the inductor coupling module with the transformer, thereby reducing the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor in the DC-DC converter circuit and improving the response speed of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0058] Furthermore, the DC-DC conversion circuit control method also includes:

[0059] If the output voltage change rate does not exceed the second threshold and the absolute value of the difference between the output voltage and the preset voltage value exceeds the first threshold, the drive signal is adjusted to restore the output voltage to the preset voltage value.

[0060] Furthermore, the DC-DC conversion circuit control method also includes:

[0061] In response to the DC current component of the compensation inductor dropping to 0, a decoupling signal is transmitted to the coupling control port as the coupling control signal, thereby decoupling the inductor coupling module from the transformer and using the primary side of the transformer as the output filter inductor to reduce output ripple.

[0062] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application are as follows: by using the primary side of the transformer as the output filter inductor and using a switch-controlled compensation inductor to couple with the primary side of the transformer on the secondary side, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor can be reduced when the compensation inductor is coupled with the primary side of the transformer, thereby improving the dynamic response capability of the DC-DC converter circuit; and after the DC-DC converter circuit reaches a steady state, the compensation inductor is decoupled from the primary side of the transformer, and a larger output filter inductor is used to reduce the ripple at the output terminal and improve the conversion efficiency of the DC-DC converter circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0063] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0064] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a DC-DC conversion circuit module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another DC-DC conversion circuit module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the inductive coupling module circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the current sampling module circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the signal amplification module circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the signal processing module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a switching unit circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another connection between a signal processing module and a switch topology module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another switching unit circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another switching unit circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 11 is a timing diagram of the compensation inductor current provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0076] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The numbers in the accompanying drawings are only used to distinguish individual functional parts or modules and do not indicate logical relationships between parts or modules. The terms “comprising,” “including,” or “including,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the term encompasses the element or object listed following the term and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. “Above,” “below,” “left,” “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0077] The various embodiments according to this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that in the drawings, the same reference numerals are assigned to components having substantially the same or similar structure and function, and repeated descriptions of them will be omitted.

[0078] To address the contradiction that improving the dynamic response capability of a switching power supply by reducing the output filter inductor can lead to inductor saturation and reduced power conversion efficiency, this application provides the following embodiments.

[0079] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, a DC-DC converter circuit includes:

[0080] The switch topology module 100 is used to convert the input voltage VIN into a target voltage based on the drive signal received by its drive receiving port 101.

[0081] The switching topology module 100 includes a transformer 120. The primary side of the transformer 120 serves as the output filter inductor of the switching topology module 100. When the transformer 120 is coupled with the inductor coupling module 200, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor is reduced, thereby improving the current dynamic response of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0082] The inductive coupling module 200 is connected to the secondary side of the transformer 120. It receives the coupling control signal through its coupling control port 201 to control the coupling between the inductive coupling module 200 and the transformer 120, so as to reduce the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor and improve the current dynamic response of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0083] It should be noted that the DC-DC conversion circuit referred to in this application is a switching circuit that includes an output filter inductor. For ease of explanation, a BUCK circuit (BUCK Converter) will be used as an example.

[0084] The switch topology module 100 also includes: a first coupling port 103 and a second coupling port 104 of the switch topology module;

[0085] The inductive coupling module 200 also includes: an inductive coupling module first coupling port 202 and an inductive coupling module second coupling port 203;

[0086] The first coupling port 103 of the switch topology module is connected to the first coupling port 202 of the inductive coupling module, and the second coupling port 104 of the switch topology module is connected to the second coupling port 203 of the inductive coupling module.

[0087] The voltage output port 102 of the switch topology module 100 is used to output a preset voltage.

[0088] Specifically, the switch topology module 100 also includes a switch unit 110;

[0089] The switching unit 110 has a drive input port 111, a voltage input port 112, and a switching unit output port 113;

[0090] The drive input port 111 serves as the drive receiving port 101. The output port 113 of the switch unit is connected to the same-name terminal on the primary side of the transformer 120. The same-name terminal on the secondary side of the transformer 120 serves as the first coupling port 103 of the switch topology module. The other end on the secondary side of the transformer 120 serves as the second coupling port 104 of the switch topology module.

[0091] The other end of the primary side of transformer 120 serves as voltage output port 102.

[0092] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the other end of the primary side of transformer 120 is connected in series with a second capacitor C2 and then grounded.

[0093] As shown in Figure 3, the inductive coupling module 200 includes: a coupling inductor Lc and a switch S;

[0094] The switch S has: a first switch port S1, a second switch port S2, and a third switch port S3;

[0095] The first port S1 of the switch is used as the coupling control port 201, the second port S2 of the switch is used as the first coupling port 202 of the inductive coupling module, the third port S3 of the switch is connected to one end of the coupling inductor Lc and then grounded, and the other end of the coupling inductor Lc is used as the second coupling port 203 of the inductive coupling module.

[0096] The DC-DC converter circuit also includes:

[0097] The current sampling module 300 is used to collect the current flowing through the secondary side of the transformer 120 from the inductive coupling module 200;

[0098] The signal amplification module 400 is used to amplify the current collected flowing through the secondary side of transformer 120;

[0099] The signal processing module 500 is used to transmit control signals to the coupling control port 201 based on the amplified current signal on the secondary side of the transformer 120, and to adjust the drive signal based on the output voltage.

[0100] The inductive coupling module 200 also has: a first detection port 204 and a second detection port 205;

[0101] The current sampling module 300 has: a first sampling port 301, a second sampling port 302 and a third sampling port 303;

[0102] The signal amplification module 400 has: a first port 401, a second port 402, and a third port 403.

[0103] The signal processing module 500 has: a first feedback port 501, a second feedback port 502, a first output port 503, and a second output port 504;

[0104] The first detection port 204 is connected to the first sampling port 301, the second detection port 205 is connected to the second sampling port 302, the third sampling port 303 is connected to the first port 401 of the signal amplification module, the second port 402 of the signal amplification module is connected to the second detection port 205 of the inductive coupling module, the third port 403 of the signal amplification module is connected to the second feedback port 502, the first feedback port 501 is connected to the voltage output port 102 of the switching topology module, the first output port 503 is connected to the coupling control port 201, and the second output port 504 is connected to the drive receiving port 101.

[0105] As shown in Figure 4, the current sampling module 300 includes: a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1;

[0106] One end of the first resistor R1 serves as the first sampling port 301, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 and serves as the third sampling port 303, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 serves as the second sampling port 302.

[0107] The first resistor and the second capacitor are connected in series and then in parallel across the compensation inductor. Current sampling is performed on the compensation inductor using DCR (Direct-Current Resistance) sampling. Since the inductor does not produce inductance, it can be equivalent to an ideal inductor and a parasitic resistor connected in series. By adjusting the values ​​of the first capacitor and the first resistor, the voltage across the first capacitor can be made equal to the voltage across the parasitic resistor. Dividing this voltage value by the resistance value of the parasitic resistor yields the current flowing through the compensation inductor.

[0108] As shown in Figure 5, the signal amplification module 400 includes: an operational amplifier 410, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth resistor R5.

[0109] One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4 and then connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier 410. The other end of the second resistor R2 serves as the first port 401 of the signal amplification module. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5 and then connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier 410. The other end of the third resistor R3 serves as the second port 402 of the signal amplification module. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the output of the operational amplifier and then serves as the third port 403 of the signal amplification module.

[0110] The operational amplifier, together with the second, third, fourth, and fifth resistors, forms a differential amplifier circuit. Since the current flowing through the parasitic resistance of the compensation inductor is very small, the signal needs to be amplified before being sent to the analog-to-digital conversion unit of the signal processing module for analog-to-digital sampling through the second feedback port.

[0111] As shown in Figure 5, the signal processing module 500 includes:

[0112] The analog-to-digital conversion unit 510 is used to determine the coupling control signal based on the output signal of the operational amplifier 410 and to determine the pulse signal based on the output voltage, so that the drive unit 520 can determine the drive signal.

[0113] The drive unit 520 is used to determine the drive signal based on the pulse signal determined by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 510.

[0114] Specifically, the analog-to-digital conversion unit 510 has: a first receiving port 511, a second receiving port 512, a first transmission port 513, and a second transmission port 514;

[0115] The drive unit 520 has: a pulse receiving port 521 and a drive transmission port 522;

[0116] The first receiving port 511 serves as the first feedback port 501, the second receiving port 512 serves as the second feedback port 502, the first transmission port 513 serves as the first output port 503, the second transmission port 514 is connected to the pulse receiving port 521, and the driving transmission port 522 serves as the second output port 504.

[0117] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the switching unit 110 includes a first transistor T1 and a diode D;

[0118] The first transistor T1 has: a first transistor first terminal T11, a first transistor second terminal T12, and a first transistor third terminal T13;

[0119] The first transistor's first terminal T11 serves as the drive input port 111, the first transistor's second terminal T12 is connected to the input voltage VIN, the first transistor's third terminal T13 is connected to the cathode of diode D, and the anode of diode D is grounded.

[0120] In some embodiments, the first transistor is an N-MOSFET. The first electrode of the first transistor is the gate, the second electrode is the drain, and the third electrode is the source.

[0121] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the drive receiving port 101 has a first receiving sub-port 1011 and a second receiving sub-port 1012.

[0122] Switching unit 110 includes a second transistor T2 and a third transistor T3;

[0123] The second transistor T2 has: a first terminal T21, a second terminal T22, and a third terminal T23;

[0124] The third transistor T3 has: a first terminal T31, a second terminal T32, and a third terminal T33;

[0125] The first terminal of the second transistor T21 serves as the first receiving sub-port 1011, the third terminal of the second transistor is connected to the second terminal of the third transistor T32, and the first terminal of the third transistor T31 serves as the second receiving sub-port 1012.

[0126] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG9, the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3 are both N-MOSFETs. The first terminal of the second transistor is the gate, the second terminal of the second transistor is the drain, and the third terminal of the second transistor is the source; the first terminal of the third transistor is the gate, the second terminal of the third transistor is the drain, and the third terminal of the third transistor is the source.

[0127] The high-level phases of the drive signals received by the first receiving sub-port 1011 and the second receiving sub-port 1012 are complementary.

[0128] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10, the second transistor T2 is a P-MOSFET and the third transistor T3 is an N-MOSFET; the first terminal of the second transistor is the gate, the second terminal of the second transistor is the source, and the third terminal of the second transistor is the drain; the first terminal of the third transistor is the gate, the second terminal of the third transistor is the drain, and the third terminal of the third transistor is the source.

[0129] The high-level phases of the drive signals received by the first receiving sub-port 1011 and the second receiving sub-port 1012 are the same.

[0130] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the second output port 504 includes a first drive output sub-port 5041 and a second drive output sub-port 5042.

[0131] The first drive output sub-port 5041 is connected to the first receive sub-port 1011 and is used to provide drive signals to the second transistor.

[0132] The second drive output sub-port 5042 is connected to the second receive sub-port 1012 to provide drive signals to the third transistor.

[0133] Unless otherwise specified, all "connections" mentioned in this application refer to electrical connections.

[0134] The output filter inductor in a conventional BUCK circuit is replaced with a transformer. The primary to secondary turns ratio of the transformer is 1:1. The primary side of the transformer is connected between the switching unit and the voltage output port, while the secondary side connects a switch and a compensation inductor in series. The switch S is controlled by the analog-to-digital converter in the signal processing module via a GPIO (General-Purpose Input / Output) bus. When the switch is open, the secondary side of the transformer is open-circuited, and the magnetizing inductance of the primary side participates in the output filtering of the BUCK circuit, equivalent to a conventional BUCK circuit (i.e., a BUCK circuit using an inductor as the output filter inductor). When the switch is closed, the secondary side of the transformer and the compensation inductor form a closed loop. The compensation inductor, acting as a load on the transformer, is then referred to the primary side, effectively making it equivalent to the magnetizing inductance of the primary side connected in parallel with the compensation inductor, thus reducing the inductance value of the output filter inductor in the BUCK circuit.

[0135] The output voltage of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter unit of the signal processing module through the first feedback port for analog-to-digital sampling. Based on the relationship between the output voltage and the voltage setpoint, a pulse width modulation signal is sent through the drive unit to drive the switching unit.

[0136] In addition to signal sampling, the analog-to-digital conversion unit also performs the following logic: continuously samples the output voltage at the sampling frequency through the first feedback port, and sequentially labels the series of sampled voltage values ​​as V1, V2, ..., Vn, while calculating the absolute value of the rate of change of the output voltage:

[0137] When the signal processing module detects that the output voltage is close to the voltage setting value, it indicates that the load current does not change much and the system is operating under steady-state conditions.

[0138] When the signal processing module detects that the absolute value of the error between the output voltage and the voltage setpoint is greater than the first threshold, and the absolute value of the output voltage change rate is greater than the second threshold, it indicates a large sudden change in the load current. The system will operate in transient response mode. The signal processing module stabilizes the output voltage by changing the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal. Simultaneously, the analog-to-digital converter unit of the signal processing module controls the switch to close via the GPIO bus, forming a closed loop between the transformer secondary side and the compensation inductor. The compensation inductor, acting as the load of the transformer, is then referred to the transformer primary side, effectively acting as the magnetizing inductor of the transformer primary side connected in parallel with the compensation inductor, reducing the inductance value of the output filter inductor of the DC-DC converter circuit. Due to the increased equivalent inductance value of the output filter inductor of the DC-DC converter circuit, the rate of change of the current flowing through the output filter inductor increases, requiring less time to adjust the load current, thereby reducing output voltage fluctuations and improving the dynamic response of the DC-DC converter circuit. Under transient response conditions, the equivalent inductance coupled to the transformer primary side and the compensation inductor will disrupt the volt-second balance, resulting in a DC current component in the compensation inductor, as shown in Figure 11.

[0139] When the current in the output filter inductor is adjusted to the new load current, a new steady-state condition is achieved, as shown at time t1 in Figure 11. At this time, the average voltage applied to the primary side of the transformer by the pulse width modulation signal within one switching cycle is 0, and the average voltage induced on the secondary side of the transformer is also 0, thus enabling the compensation inductor to achieve volt-second balance within one switching cycle. However, due to the parasitic resistance of the compensation inductor, this parasitic resistance consumes energy, causing the DC current component of the compensation inductor to slowly approach 0, as shown at times t1 to t2 in Figure 11. The analog-to-digital conversion unit of the signal processing module samples the current flowing through the compensation inductor. When it detects that the current has dropped to 0, it controls the switch to open via the GPIO bus, opening the transformer secondary side. Then, only the magnetizing inductor on the primary side of the transformer participates in the output filtering of the DC-DC conversion circuit, which is completely equivalent to a conventional BUCK circuit.

[0140] The timing diagram in Figure 11 shows that the switch is closed only between t0 and t2. During this period, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor decreases, and the peak-to-peak value of the current in the current filter output inductor increases. However, this interval is short-lived. After t2, the switch will open, the secondary side of the transformer will be open-circuited, the peak-to-peak value of the inductor current will drop, and it will revert to a conventional BUCK circuit.

[0141] The reason for choosing to disconnect the switch when the current of the compensation inductor crosses zero is that if the switch is disconnected at a non-current zero-crossing point, a very large di / dt (current change rate) will be generated, and the energy of the compensation inductor will be rapidly discharged, resulting in arcing.

[0142] In other embodiments, an electronic device includes the DC-DC conversion circuit described above.

[0143] Specifically, the DC-DC conversion circuit includes:

[0144] The switch topology module 100 is used to convert the input voltage VIN into a target voltage based on the drive signal received by its drive receiving port 101.

[0145] The switching topology module 100 includes a transformer 120. The primary side of the transformer 120 serves as the output filter inductor of the switching topology module 100. When the transformer 120 is coupled with the inductor coupling module 200, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor is reduced, thereby improving the current dynamic response of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0146] The inductive coupling module 200 is connected to the secondary side of the transformer 120. It receives the coupling control signal through its coupling control port 201 to control the coupling between the inductive coupling module 200 and the transformer 120, so as to reduce the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor and improve the current dynamic response of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0147] It should be noted that the DC-DC conversion circuit referred to in this application is a switching circuit that includes an output filter inductor. For ease of explanation, the BUCK circuit will be used as an example.

[0148] The switch topology module 100 also includes: a first coupling port 103 and a second coupling port 104 of the switch topology module;

[0149] The inductive coupling module 200 also includes: an inductive coupling module first coupling port 202 and an inductive coupling module second coupling port 203;

[0150] The first coupling port 103 of the switch topology module is connected to the first coupling port 202 of the inductive coupling module, and the second coupling port 104 of the switch topology module is connected to the second coupling port 203 of the inductive coupling module.

[0151] The voltage output port 102 of the switch topology module 100 is used to output a preset voltage.

[0152] Specifically, the switch topology module 100 also includes a switch unit 110;

[0153] The switching unit 110 has a drive input port 111, a voltage input port 112, and a switching unit output port 113;

[0154] The drive input port 111 serves as the drive receiving port 101. The output port 113 of the switch unit is connected to the same-name terminal on the primary side of the transformer 120. The same-name terminal on the secondary side of the transformer 120 serves as the first coupling port 103 of the switch topology module. The other end on the secondary side of the transformer 120 serves as the second coupling port 104 of the switch topology module.

[0155] The other end of the primary side of transformer 120 serves as voltage output port 102.

[0156] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the other end of the primary side of transformer 120 is connected in series with a second capacitor C2 and then grounded.

[0157] As shown in Figure 3, the inductive coupling module 200 includes: a coupling inductor Lc and a switch S;

[0158] The switch S has: a first switch port S1, a second switch port S2, and a third switch port S3;

[0159] The first port S1 of the switch is used as the coupling control port 201, the second port S2 of the switch is used as the first coupling port 202 of the inductive coupling module, the third port S3 of the switch is connected to one end of the coupling inductor Lc and then grounded, and the other end of the coupling inductor Lc is used as the second coupling port 203 of the inductive coupling module.

[0160] The DC-DC converter circuit also includes:

[0161] The current sampling module 300 is used to collect the current flowing through the secondary side of the transformer 120 from the inductive coupling module 200;

[0162] The signal amplification module 400 is used to amplify the current collected flowing through the secondary side of transformer 120;

[0163] The signal processing module 500 is used to transmit control signals to the coupling control port 201 based on the amplified current signal on the secondary side of the transformer 120, and to adjust the drive signal based on the output voltage.

[0164] The inductive coupling module 200 also has: a first detection port 204 and a second detection port 205;

[0165] The current sampling module 300 has: a first sampling port 301, a second sampling port 302 and a third sampling port 303;

[0166] The signal amplification module 400 has: a first port 401, a second port 402, and a third port 403.

[0167] The signal processing module 500 has: a first feedback port 501, a second feedback port 502, a first output port 503, and a second output port 504;

[0168] The first detection port 204 is connected to the first sampling port 301, the second detection port 205 is connected to the second sampling port 302, the third sampling port 303 is connected to the first port 401 of the signal amplification module, the second port 402 of the signal amplification module is connected to the second detection port 205 of the inductive coupling module, the third port 403 of the signal amplification module is connected to the second feedback port 502, the first feedback port 501 is connected to the voltage output port 102 of the switching topology module, the first output port 503 is connected to the coupling control port 201, and the second output port 504 is connected to the drive receiving port 101.

[0169] As shown in Figure 4, the current sampling module 300 includes: a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1;

[0170] One end of the first resistor R1 serves as the first sampling port 301, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 and serves as the third sampling port 303, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 serves as the second sampling port 302.

[0171] The first resistor and the second capacitor are connected in series and then in parallel across the compensation inductor. Current sampling is performed on the compensation inductor using DCR (DC equivalent resistance) current sampling. Since the inductor does not produce inductance, it can be equivalent to an ideal inductor and a parasitic resistor connected in series. By adjusting the values ​​of the first capacitor and the first resistor, the voltage across the first capacitor can be made equal to the voltage across the parasitic resistor. Dividing this voltage value by the resistance value of the parasitic resistor yields the current flowing through the compensation inductor.

[0172] Furthermore, the signal amplification module 400 includes: an operational amplifier 410, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth resistor R5;

[0173] One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4 and then connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier 410. The other end of the second resistor R2 serves as the first port 401 of the signal amplification module. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5 and then connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier 410. The other end of the third resistor R3 serves as the second port 402 of the signal amplification module. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the output of the operational amplifier and then serves as the third port 403 of the signal amplification module.

[0174] The operational amplifier, together with the second, third, fourth, and fifth resistors, forms a differential amplifier circuit. Since the current flowing through the parasitic resistance of the compensation inductor is very small, the signal needs to be amplified before being sent to the analog-to-digital conversion unit of the signal processing module for analog-to-digital sampling through the second feedback port.

[0175] As shown in Figure 5, the signal processing module 500 includes:

[0176] The analog-to-digital conversion unit 510 is used to determine the coupling control signal based on the output signal of the operational amplifier 410 and to determine the pulse signal based on the output voltage, so that the drive unit 520 can determine the drive signal.

[0177] The drive unit 520 is used to determine the drive signal based on the pulse signal determined by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 510.

[0178] Specifically, the analog-to-digital conversion unit 510 has: a first receiving port 511, a second receiving port 512, a first transmission port 513, and a second transmission port 514;

[0179] The drive unit 520 has: a pulse receiving port 521 and a drive transmission port 522;

[0180] The first receiving port 511 serves as the first feedback port 501, the second receiving port 512 serves as the second feedback port 502, the first transmission port 513 serves as the first output port 503, the second transmission port 514 is connected to the pulse receiving port 521, and the driving transmission port 522 serves as the second output port 504.

[0181] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the switching unit 110 includes a first transistor T1 and a diode D;

[0182] The first transistor T1 has: a first transistor first terminal T11, a first transistor second terminal T12, and a first transistor third terminal T13;

[0183] The first transistor's first terminal T11 serves as the drive input port 111, the first transistor's second terminal T12 is connected to the input voltage VIN, the first transistor's third terminal T13 is connected to the cathode of diode D, and the anode of diode D is grounded.

[0184] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the drive receiving port 101 has a first receiving sub-port 1011 and a second receiving sub-port 1012.

[0185] Switching unit 110 includes a second transistor T2 and a third transistor T3;

[0186] The second transistor T2 has: a first terminal T21, a second terminal T22, and a third terminal T23;

[0187] The third transistor T3 has: a first terminal T31, a second terminal T32, and a third terminal T33;

[0188] The first terminal of the second transistor T21 serves as the first receiving sub-port 1011, the third terminal of the second transistor is connected to the second terminal of the third transistor T32, and the first terminal of the third transistor T31 serves as the second receiving sub-port 1012.

[0189] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG9, both the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3 are N-MOSFETs;

[0190] The high-level phases of the drive signals received by the first receiving sub-port 1011 and the second receiving sub-port 1012 are complementary.

[0191] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10, the second transistor T2 is a P-MOSFET and the third transistor T3 is an N-MOSFET;

[0192] The high-level phases of the drive signals received by the first receiving sub-port 1011 and the second receiving sub-port 1012 are the same.

[0193] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the second output port 504 includes a first drive output sub-port 5041 and a second drive output sub-port 5042.

[0194] The first drive output sub-port 5041 is connected to the first receive sub-port 1011 and is used to provide drive signals to the second transistor.

[0195] The second drive output sub-port 5042 is connected to the second receive sub-port 1012 to provide drive signals to the third transistor.

[0196] Unless otherwise specified, all "connections" mentioned in this application refer to electrical connections.

[0197] The output filter inductor in a conventional BUCK circuit is replaced with a transformer. The primary to secondary turns ratio of the transformer is 1:1. The primary side of the transformer is connected between the switching unit and the voltage output port, while the secondary side connects a switch and a compensation inductor in series. The switch S is controlled by the analog-to-digital converter in the signal processing module via the GPIO bus. When the switch is open, the secondary side of the transformer is open, and the magnetizing inductance on the primary side participates in the output filtering of the BUCK circuit, which is equivalent to a conventional BUCK circuit (i.e., a BUCK circuit using an inductor as the output filter inductor). When the switch is closed, the secondary side of the transformer and the compensation inductor form a closed loop. The compensation inductor, acting as a load on the transformer, is then referred to the primary side of the transformer. This is equivalent to the magnetizing inductance on the primary side of the transformer being connected in parallel with the compensation inductor, thus reducing the inductance value of the output filter inductor in the BUCK circuit.

[0198] The output voltage of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter unit of the signal processing module through the first feedback port for analog-to-digital sampling. Based on the relationship between the output voltage and the voltage setpoint, a pulse width modulation signal is sent through the drive unit to drive the switching unit.

[0199] In addition to signal sampling, the analog-to-digital conversion unit also performs the following logic: continuously samples the output voltage at the sampling frequency through the first feedback port, and sequentially labels the series of sampled voltage values ​​as V1, V2, ..., Vn, while calculating the absolute value of the rate of change of the output voltage:

[0200] When the signal processing module detects that the output voltage is close to the voltage setting value, it indicates that the load current does not change much and the system is operating under steady-state conditions.

[0201] When the signal processing module detects that the absolute value of the error between the output voltage and the voltage setpoint is greater than the first threshold, and the absolute value of the output voltage change rate is greater than the second threshold, it indicates a large sudden change in the load current. The system will operate in transient response mode. The signal processing module stabilizes the output voltage by changing the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal. Simultaneously, the analog-to-digital converter unit of the signal processing module controls the switch to close via the GPIO bus, forming a closed loop between the transformer secondary side and the compensation inductor. The compensation inductor, acting as the load of the transformer, is then referred to the transformer primary side, effectively acting as the magnetizing inductor of the transformer primary side connected in parallel with the compensation inductor, reducing the inductance value of the output filter inductor of the DC-DC converter circuit. Due to the increased equivalent inductance value of the output filter inductor of the DC-DC converter circuit, the rate of change of the current flowing through the output filter inductor increases, requiring less time to adjust the load current, thereby reducing output voltage fluctuations and improving the dynamic response of the DC-DC converter circuit. Under transient response conditions, the equivalent inductance coupled to the transformer primary side and the compensation inductor will disrupt the volt-second balance, resulting in a DC current component in the compensation inductor, as shown in Figure 11.

[0202] When the current in the output filter inductor is adjusted to the new load current, a new steady-state condition is achieved, as shown at time t1 in Figure 11. At this time, the average voltage applied to the primary side of the transformer by the pulse width modulation signal within one switching cycle is 0, and the average voltage induced on the secondary side of the transformer is also 0, thus enabling the compensation inductor to achieve volt-second balance within one switching cycle. However, due to the parasitic resistance of the compensation inductor, this parasitic resistance consumes energy, causing the DC current component of the compensation inductor to slowly approach 0, as shown at times t1 to t2 in Figure 11. The analog-to-digital conversion unit of the signal processing module samples the current flowing through the compensation inductor. When it detects that the current has dropped to 0, it controls the switch to open via the GPIO bus, opening the transformer secondary side. Then, only the magnetizing inductor on the primary side of the transformer participates in the output filtering of the DC-DC conversion circuit, which is completely equivalent to a conventional BUCK circuit.

[0203] The timing diagram in Figure 11 shows that the switch is closed only between t0 and t2. During this period, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor decreases, and the peak-to-peak value of the current in the current filter output inductor increases. However, this interval is short-lived. After t2, the switch will open, the secondary side of the transformer will be open-circuited, the peak-to-peak value of the inductor current will drop, and it will revert to a conventional BUCK circuit.

[0204] The reason for choosing to disconnect the switch when the current of the compensating inductor crosses zero is that if the switch is disconnected at a non-current zero-crossing point, a very large di / dt will be generated, and the energy of the compensating inductor will be rapidly discharged, leading to arcing.

[0205] In other embodiments, a server includes the DC-DC conversion circuit described above.

[0206] Specifically, the DC-DC conversion circuit includes:

[0207] The switch topology module 100 is used to convert the input voltage VIN into a target voltage based on the drive signal received by its drive receiving port 101.

[0208] The switching topology module 100 includes a transformer 120. The primary side of the transformer 120 serves as the output filter inductor of the switching topology module 100. When the transformer 120 is coupled with the inductor coupling module 200, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor is reduced, thereby improving the current dynamic response of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0209] The inductive coupling module 200 is connected to the secondary side of the transformer 120. It receives the coupling control signal through its coupling control port 201 to control the coupling between the inductive coupling module 200 and the transformer 120, so as to reduce the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor and improve the current dynamic response of the DC-DC conversion circuit.

[0210] It should be noted that the DC-DC conversion circuit referred to in this application is a switching circuit that includes an output filter inductor. For ease of explanation, the BUCK circuit will be used as an example.

[0211] The switch topology module 100 also includes: a first coupling port 103 and a second coupling port 104 of the switch topology module;

[0212] The inductive coupling module 200 also includes: an inductive coupling module first coupling port 202 and an inductive coupling module second coupling port 203;

[0213] The first coupling port 103 of the switch topology module is connected to the first coupling port 202 of the inductive coupling module, and the second coupling port 104 of the switch topology module is connected to the second coupling port 203 of the inductive coupling module.

[0214] The voltage output port 102 of the switch topology module 100 is used to output a preset voltage.

[0215] Specifically, the switch topology module 100 also includes a switch unit 110;

[0216] The switching unit 110 has a drive input port 111, a voltage input port 112, and a switching unit output port 113;

[0217] The drive input port 111 serves as the drive receiving port 101. The output port 113 of the switch unit is connected to the same-name terminal on the primary side of the transformer 120. The same-name terminal on the secondary side of the transformer 120 serves as the first coupling port 103 of the switch topology module. The other end on the secondary side of the transformer 120 serves as the second coupling port 104 of the switch topology module.

[0218] The other end of the primary side of transformer 120 serves as voltage output port 102.

[0219] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the other end of the primary side of transformer 120 is connected in series with a second capacitor C2 and then grounded.

[0220] As shown in Figure 3, the inductive coupling module 200 includes: a coupling inductor Lc and a switch S;

[0221] The switch S has: a first switch port S1, a second switch port S2, and a third switch port S3;

[0222] The first port S1 of the switch is used as the coupling control port 201, the second port S2 of the switch is used as the first coupling port 202 of the inductive coupling module, the third port S3 of the switch is connected to one end of the coupling inductor Lc and then grounded, and the other end of the coupling inductor Lc is used as the second coupling port 203 of the inductive coupling module.

[0223] The DC-DC converter circuit also includes:

[0224] The current sampling module 300 is used to collect the current flowing through the secondary side of the transformer 120 from the inductive coupling module 200;

[0225] The signal amplification module 400 is used to amplify the current collected flowing through the secondary side of transformer 120;

[0226] The signal processing module 500 is used to transmit control signals to the coupling control port 201 based on the amplified current signal on the secondary side of the transformer 120, and to adjust the drive signal based on the output voltage.

[0227] The inductive coupling module 200 also has: a first detection port 204 and a second detection port 205;

[0228] The current sampling module 300 has: a first sampling port 301, a second sampling port 302 and a third sampling port 303;

[0229] The signal amplification module 400 has: a first port 401, a second port 402, and a third port 403.

[0230] The signal processing module 500 has: a first feedback port 501, a second feedback port 502, a first output port 503, and a second output port 504;

[0231] The first detection port 204 is connected to the first sampling port 301, the second detection port 205 is connected to the second sampling port 302, the third sampling port 303 is connected to the first port 401 of the signal amplification module, the second port 402 of the signal amplification module is connected to the second detection port 205 of the inductive coupling module, the third port 403 of the signal amplification module is connected to the second feedback port 502, the first feedback port 501 is connected to the voltage output port 102 of the switching topology module, the first output port 503 is connected to the coupling control port 201, and the second output port 504 is connected to the drive receiving port 101.

[0232] As shown in Figure 4, the current sampling module 300 includes: a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1;

[0233] One end of the first resistor R1 serves as the first sampling port 301, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 and serves as the third sampling port 303, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 serves as the second sampling port 302.

[0234] The first resistor and the second capacitor are connected in series and then in parallel across the compensation inductor. Current sampling is performed on the compensation inductor using DCR (DC equivalent resistance) current sampling. Since the inductor does not produce inductance, it can be equivalent to an ideal inductor and a parasitic resistor connected in series. By adjusting the values ​​of the first capacitor and the first resistor, the voltage across the first capacitor can be made equal to the voltage across the parasitic resistor. Dividing this voltage value by the resistance value of the parasitic resistor yields the current flowing through the compensation inductor.

[0235] Furthermore, the signal amplification module 400 includes: an operational amplifier 410, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth resistor R5;

[0236] One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4 and then connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier 410. The other end of the second resistor R2 serves as the first port 401 of the signal amplification module. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5 and then connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier 410. The other end of the third resistor R3 serves as the second port 402 of the signal amplification module. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the output of the operational amplifier and then serves as the third port 403 of the signal amplification module.

[0237] The operational amplifier, together with the second, third, fourth, and fifth resistors, forms a differential amplifier circuit. Since the current flowing through the parasitic resistance of the compensation inductor is very small, the signal needs to be amplified before being sent to the analog-to-digital conversion unit of the signal processing module for analog-to-digital sampling through the second feedback port.

[0238] As shown in Figure 5, the signal processing module 500 includes:

[0239] The analog-to-digital conversion unit 510 is used to determine the coupling control signal based on the output signal of the operational amplifier 410 and to determine the pulse signal based on the output voltage, so that the drive unit 520 can determine the drive signal.

[0240] The drive unit 520 is used to determine the drive signal based on the pulse signal determined by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 510.

[0241] Specifically, the analog-to-digital conversion unit 510 has: a first receiving port 511, a second receiving port 512, a first transmission port 513, and a second transmission port 514;

[0242] The drive unit 520 has: a pulse receiving port 521 and a drive transmission port 522;

[0243] The first receiving port 511 serves as the first feedback port 501, the second receiving port 512 serves as the second feedback port 502, the first transmission port 513 serves as the first output port 503, the second transmission port 514 is connected to the pulse receiving port 521, and the driving transmission port 522 serves as the second output port 504.

[0244] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the switching unit 110 includes a first transistor T1 and a diode D;

[0245] The first transistor T1 has: a first transistor first terminal T11, a first transistor second terminal T12, and a first transistor third terminal T13;

[0246] The first transistor's first terminal T11 serves as the drive input port 111, the first transistor's second terminal T12 is connected to the input voltage VIN, the first transistor's third terminal T13 is connected to the cathode of diode D, and the anode of diode D is grounded.

[0247] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the drive receiving port 101 has a first receiving sub-port 1011 and a second receiving sub-port 1012.

[0248] Switching unit 110 includes a second transistor T2 and a third transistor T3;

[0249] The second transistor T2 has: a first terminal T21, a second terminal T22, and a third terminal T23;

[0250] The third transistor T3 has: a first terminal T31, a second terminal T32, and a third terminal T33;

[0251] The first terminal of the second transistor T21 serves as the first receiving sub-port 1011, the third terminal of the second transistor is connected to the second terminal of the third transistor T32, and the first terminal of the third transistor T31 serves as the second receiving sub-port 1012.

[0252] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG9, both the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3 are N-MOSFETs;

[0253] The high-level phases of the drive signals received by the first receiving sub-port 1011 and the second receiving sub-port 1012 are complementary.

[0254] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10, the second transistor T2 is a P-MOSFET and the third transistor T3 is an N-MOSFET;

[0255] The high-level phases of the drive signals received by the first receiving sub-port 1011 and the second receiving sub-port 1012 are the same.

[0256] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the second output port 504 includes a first drive output sub-port 5041 and a second drive output sub-port 5042.

[0257] The first drive output sub-port 5041 is connected to the first receive sub-port 1011 and is used to provide drive signals to the second transistor.

[0258] The second drive output sub-port 5042 is connected to the second receive sub-port 1012 to provide drive signals to the third transistor.

[0259] Unless otherwise specified, all "connections" mentioned in this application refer to electrical connections.

[0260] The output filter inductor in a conventional BUCK circuit is replaced with a transformer. The primary to secondary turns ratio of the transformer is 1:1. The primary side of the transformer is connected between the switching unit and the voltage output port, while the secondary side connects a switch and a compensation inductor in series. The switch S is controlled by the analog-to-digital converter in the signal processing module via the GPIO bus. When the switch is open, the secondary side of the transformer is open, and the magnetizing inductance on the primary side participates in the output filtering of the BUCK circuit, which is equivalent to a conventional BUCK circuit (i.e., a BUCK circuit using an inductor as the output filter inductor). When the switch is closed, the secondary side of the transformer and the compensation inductor form a closed loop. The compensation inductor, acting as a load on the transformer, is then referred to the primary side of the transformer. This is equivalent to the magnetizing inductance on the primary side of the transformer being connected in parallel with the compensation inductor, thus reducing the inductance value of the output filter inductor in the BUCK circuit.

[0261] The output voltage of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the analog-to-digital converter unit of the signal processing module through the first feedback port for analog-to-digital sampling. Based on the relationship between the output voltage and the voltage setpoint, a pulse width modulation signal is sent through the drive unit to drive the switching unit.

[0262] In addition to signal sampling, the analog-to-digital conversion unit also performs the following logic: It continuously samples the output voltage through the first feedback port at a sampling frequency f, sequentially labeling the sampled voltage values ​​as V1, V2, ..., Vn, and simultaneously calculates the absolute value of the rate of change of the output voltage.

[0263] When the signal processing module detects that the output voltage is close to the voltage setting value, it indicates that the load current does not change much and the system is operating under steady-state conditions.

[0264] When the signal processing module detects that the absolute value of the error between the output voltage and the voltage setpoint is greater than the first threshold, and the absolute value of the output voltage change rate is greater than the second threshold, it indicates a large sudden change in the load current. The system will operate in transient response mode. The signal processing module stabilizes the output voltage by changing the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal. Simultaneously, the analog-to-digital converter unit of the signal processing module controls the switch to close via the GPIO bus, forming a closed loop between the transformer secondary side and the compensation inductor. The compensation inductor, acting as the load of the transformer, is then referred to the transformer primary side, effectively acting as the magnetizing inductor of the transformer primary side connected in parallel with the compensation inductor, reducing the inductance value of the output filter inductor of the DC-DC converter circuit. Due to the increased equivalent inductance value of the output filter inductor of the DC-DC converter circuit, the rate of change of the current flowing through the output filter inductor increases, requiring less time to adjust the load current, thereby reducing output voltage fluctuations and improving the dynamic response of the DC-DC converter circuit. Under transient response conditions, the equivalent inductance coupled to the transformer primary side and the compensation inductor will disrupt the volt-second balance, resulting in a DC current component in the compensation inductor, as shown in Figure 11.

[0265] When the current in the output filter inductor is adjusted to the new load current, a new steady-state condition is achieved, as shown at time t1 in Figure 11. At this time, the average voltage applied to the primary side of the transformer by the pulse width modulation signal within one switching cycle is 0, and the average voltage induced on the secondary side of the transformer is also 0, thus enabling the compensation inductor to achieve volt-second balance within one switching cycle. However, due to the parasitic resistance of the compensation inductor, this parasitic resistance consumes energy, causing the DC current component of the compensation inductor to slowly approach 0, as shown at times t1 to t2 in Figure 11. The analog-to-digital conversion unit of the signal processing module samples the current flowing through the compensation inductor. When it detects that the current has dropped to 0, it controls the switch to open via the GPIO bus, opening the transformer secondary side. Then, only the magnetizing inductor on the primary side of the transformer participates in the output filtering of the DC-DC conversion circuit, which is completely equivalent to a conventional BUCK circuit.

[0266] The timing diagram in Figure 11 shows that the switch is closed only between t0 and t2. During this period, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor decreases, and the peak-to-peak value of the current in the current filter output inductor increases. However, this interval is short-lived. After t2, the switch will open, the secondary side of the transformer will be open-circuited, the peak-to-peak value of the inductor current will drop, and it will revert to a conventional BUCK circuit.

[0267] The reason for choosing to disconnect the switch when the current of the compensating inductor crosses zero is that if the switch is disconnected at a non-current zero-crossing point, a very large di / dt will be generated, and the energy of the compensating inductor will be rapidly discharged, leading to arcing.

[0268] In other embodiments, a DC-DC converter circuit control method, applied to the DC-DC converter circuit described above, includes:

[0269] In response to the absolute value of the difference between the output voltage and the preset voltage value exceeding the first threshold and the output voltage change rate exceeding the second threshold, the drive signal is adjusted to restore the output voltage to the preset voltage value. The coupling signal is then transmitted to the coupling control port as the coupling control signal to couple the inductive coupling module with the transformer, thereby reducing the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor in the DC-DC converter circuit and improving the response speed of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0270] DC-DC converter circuit control methods also include:

[0271] If the output voltage change rate does not exceed the second threshold and the absolute value of the difference between the output voltage and the preset voltage value exceeds the first threshold, the drive signal is adjusted to restore the output voltage to the preset voltage value.

[0272] DC-DC converter circuit control methods also include:

[0273] In response to the DC current component of the compensation inductor dropping to 0, a decoupling signal is transmitted to the coupling control port as the coupling control signal, thereby decoupling the inductor coupling module from the transformer and using the primary side of the transformer as the output filter inductor to reduce output ripple.

[0274] This application uses a sudden and significant increase in load current as an example to illustrate the specific implementation method as follows:

[0275] When the load current suddenly increases significantly, since the inductor current cannot change abruptly, the load current will be drawn from the output filter capacitor (i.e., the second capacitor), causing the output voltage to drop rapidly, and the output voltage change rate is negative.

[0276] As shown in Figure 11 at time t0, the signal processing module detects that the absolute value of the error between the output voltage and the voltage setpoint is greater than the first threshold, and the absolute value of the output voltage change rate is also greater than the second threshold. This indicates a significant change in the load current, and the system will operate in a transient response state. The signal processing module stabilizes the output voltage by changing the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal. Simultaneously, the analog-to-digital converter unit of the signal processing module controls the switch to close via the GPIO bus, forming a closed loop between the transformer secondary side and the compensation inductor. The compensation inductor, acting as the load of the transformer, is then referred to the transformer primary side, effectively acting as the magnetizing inductor of the transformer primary side connected in parallel with the compensation inductor, reducing the inductance value of the output filter inductor of the DC-DC converter circuit. Due to the increased equivalent inductance value of the output filter inductor of the DC-DC converter circuit, the rate of change of the current flowing through the output filter inductor increases, requiring less time to adjust the load current, thereby reducing output voltage fluctuations and improving the dynamic response of the DC-DC converter circuit. Under transient response conditions, the equivalent inductance coupled to the transformer primary side and the compensation inductor will disrupt the volt-second balance, resulting in a DC current component in the compensation inductor, as shown in Figure 11.

[0277] When the current in the output filter inductor is adjusted to the new load current, a new steady-state condition is achieved, as shown at time t1 in Figure 11. At this time, the average voltage applied to the primary side of the transformer by the pulse width modulation signal within one switching cycle is 0, and the average voltage induced on the secondary side of the transformer is also 0, thus enabling the compensation inductor to achieve volt-second balance within one switching cycle. However, due to the parasitic resistance of the compensation inductor, this parasitic resistance consumes energy, causing the DC current component of the compensation inductor to slowly approach 0, as shown at times t1 to t2 in Figure 11. The analog-to-digital conversion unit of the signal processing module samples the current flowing through the compensation inductor. When it detects that the current has dropped to 0, it controls the switch to open via the GPIO bus, opening the transformer secondary side. Then, only the magnetizing inductor on the primary side of the transformer participates in the output filtering of the DC-DC conversion circuit, which is completely equivalent to a conventional BUCK circuit.

[0278] The timing diagram in Figure 11 shows that the switch is closed only between t0 and t2. During this period, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor decreases, and the peak-to-peak value of the current in the current filter output inductor increases. However, this interval is short-lived. After t2, the switch will open, the secondary side of the transformer will be open-circuited, the peak-to-peak value of the inductor current will drop, and it will revert to a conventional BUCK circuit.

[0279] By using the primary side of the transformer as the output filter inductor and coupling the compensation inductor to the primary side of the transformer using a switch-controlled inductor, the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor can be reduced when the compensation inductor is coupled to the primary side of the transformer, thereby improving the dynamic response capability of the DC-DC converter circuit. Furthermore, after the DC-DC converter circuit reaches steady state, the compensation inductor is decoupled from the primary side of the transformer, and a larger output filter inductor is used to reduce the ripple at the output end and improve the conversion efficiency of the DC-DC converter circuit.

[0280] The technical solutions of the above embodiments can be combined in any way to form the embodiments of this application, and will not be described in detail here.

[0281] Note that the above are merely preferred embodiments and technical principles of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, although this application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Many other equivalent embodiments may be included without departing from the concept of this application, and the scope of this application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A direct current conversion circuit, characterized by The direct current conversion circuit comprises: a switch topology module configured to convert an input voltage into a target voltage according to a driving signal received by a driving receiving port thereof; the switch topology module comprises a transformer, a primary side of the transformer serving as an output filter inductance of the switch topology module, and when the transformer is coupled with an inductive coupling module, an equivalent inductance of the output filter inductance is reduced to improve a current dynamic response of the direct current conversion circuit; the inductive coupling module is connected with a secondary side of the transformer and receives a coupling control signal through a coupling control port thereof to control coupling between the inductive coupling module and the transformer so as to reduce the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductance and improve the current dynamic response of the direct current conversion circuit.

2. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein, the switch topology module further comprises a first coupling port and a second coupling port thereof; the inductive coupling module further comprises a first coupling port and a second coupling port thereof; the first coupling port of the switch topology module is connected with the first coupling port of the inductive coupling module, and the second coupling port of the switch topology module is connected with the second coupling port of the inductive coupling module.

3. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein, the switch topology module further comprises a switch unit; the switch unit comprises a driving input port, a voltage input port and a switch unit output port; the driving input port serves as the driving receiving port, the switch unit output port is connected with a same-named terminal of the primary side of the transformer, a same-named terminal of the secondary side of the transformer serves as the first coupling port of the switch topology module, and another terminal of the secondary side of the transformer serves as the second coupling port of the switch topology module.

4. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein, the inductive coupling module comprises a coupling inductor and a switch; the switch comprises a first port, a second port and a third port; the first port of the switch serves as the coupling control port, the second port of the switch serves as the first coupling port of the inductive coupling module, the third port of the switch is connected with one end of the coupling inductor and then grounded, and the other end of the coupling inductor serves as the second coupling port of the inductive coupling module.

5. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 1, wherein, the direct current conversion circuit further comprises: a current sampling module configured to sample a current flowing through the secondary side of the transformer from the inductive coupling module; a signal amplification module configured to amplify the sampled current flowing through the secondary side of the transformer; a signal processing module configured to transmit a control signal to the coupling control port according to the amplified current signal of the secondary side of the transformer and to adjust the driving signal according to an output voltage.

6. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 5, wherein, the inductive coupling module further comprises a first detection port and a second detection port; the current sampling module comprises a first sampling port, a second sampling port and a third sampling port; the signal amplification module comprises a first port, a second port and a third port thereof; the signal processing module comprises a first feedback port, a second feedback port, a first output port and a second output port thereof; The first detection port is connected with the first sampling port, the second detection port is connected with the second sampling port, the third sampling port is connected with the first port of the signal amplification module, the second port of the signal amplification module is connected with the second detection port of the inductive coupling module, the third port of the signal amplification module is connected with the second feedback port, the first feedback port is connected with the voltage output port of the switch topology module, the first output port is connected with the coupling control port, and the second output port is connected with the driving receiving port.

7. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 5, wherein, The current sampling module comprises a first resistor and a first capacitor. One end of the first resistor serves as a first sampling port, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the first capacitor and serves as a third sampling port, and the other end of the first capacitor serves as a second sampling port.

8. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 5, wherein, The signal amplification module comprises an operational amplifier, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor. One end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the fourth resistor and is connected with the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the other end of the second resistor serves as the first port of the signal amplification module, one end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the fifth resistor and is connected with the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the other end of the third resistor serves as the second port of the signal amplification module, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the output terminal of the operational amplifier and serves as the third port of the signal amplification module.

9. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 5, wherein, The signal processing module comprises: an analog-to-digital conversion unit configured to determine a coupling control signal according to the output signal of the operational amplifier and determine a pulse signal according to the output voltage, so as to determine a driving signal by the driving unit; a driving unit configured to determine a driving signal according to the pulse signal determined by the analog-to-digital conversion unit.

10. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 9, wherein, The analog-to-digital conversion unit has a first receiving port, a second receiving port, a first transmission port and a second transmission port. The driving unit has a pulse receiving port and a driving transmission port. The first receiving port serves as a first feedback port, the second receiving port serves as a second feedback port, the first transmission port serves as a first output port, the second transmission port is connected with the pulse receiving port, and the driving transmission port serves as a second output port.

11. The dc conversion circuit of claim 3, wherein, The switch unit comprises a first transistor and a diode. The first transistor has a first transistor first pole, a first transistor second pole and a first transistor third pole. The first transistor first pole serves as the driving input port, the first transistor second pole is connected with an input voltage, and the first transistor third pole is connected with the cathode of the diode, and the anode of the diode is grounded.

12. The dc conversion circuit of claim 3, wherein, The driving receiving port has a first receiving sub-port and a second receiving sub-port. The switch unit comprises a second transistor and a third transistor. The second transistor has a second transistor first pole, a second transistor second pole and a second transistor third pole. The third transistor has a third transistor first pole, a third transistor second pole and a third transistor third pole. The first electrode of the second transistor is configured as the first receiving sub-port, the third electrode of the second transistor is connected with the second electrode of the third transistor, and the first electrode of the third transistor is configured as the second receiving sub-port.

13. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 12, wherein, The second transistor and the third transistor are both N-MOSFETs. The high level phases of the driving signals received by the first receiving sub-port and the second receiving sub-port are complementary.

14. The direct current conversion circuit of claim 12, wherein, The second transistor is a P-MOSFET, and the third transistor is an N-MOSFET. The high level phases of the driving signals received by the first receiving sub-port and the second receiving sub-port are the same.

15. The direct current conversion circuit according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The second output port comprises a first driving output sub-port and a second driving output sub-port. The first driving output sub-port is connected with the first receiving sub-port and configured to provide a driving signal to the second transistor. The second driving output sub-port is connected with the second receiving sub-port and configured to provide a driving signal to the third transistor.

16. An electronic device, characterized by The direct current conversion circuit comprises any one of claims 1-15.

17. A server, characterized by The direct current conversion circuit comprises any one of claims 1-15.

18. A method of controlling a DC conversion circuit, characterized by The direct current conversion circuit comprises any one of claims 1-15. In response to the absolute value of the difference between the output voltage and the preset voltage value exceeding a first threshold value and the output voltage change rate exceeding a second threshold value, the driving signal is adjusted to restore the output voltage to the preset voltage value, and the coupling signal is used as the coupling control signal to transmit to the coupling control port, so that the inductive coupling module is coupled with the transformer to reduce the equivalent inductance of the output filter inductor in the direct current conversion circuit and improve the response speed of the direct current conversion circuit.

19. The direct current conversion circuit control method of claim 18, wherein, The method further comprises: In response to the output voltage change rate not exceeding the second threshold value and the absolute value of the difference between the output voltage and the preset voltage value exceeding the first threshold value, the driving signal is adjusted to restore the output voltage to the preset voltage value.

20. The direct conversion circuit control method of claim 18, wherein, The method further comprises: In response to the direct current component of the compensation inductor decreasing to 0, the coupling control port is transmitted, the decoupling signal is used as the coupling control signal to transmit to the coupling control port, the inductive coupling module is decoupled from the transformer, the primary side of the transformer is used as the output filter inductor, and the output ripple is reduced.

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