Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

An antenna and an electronic device. An antenna comprises a reflecting plate, and a radiating unit arranged on the reflecting plate. The radiating unit comprises a plurality of dipoles, and the plurality of dipoles comprise a first dipole and at least one second dipole. The operating frequency of the first dipole is lower than the operating frequency of the second dipole. Each dipole comprises a first balun assembly and a second balun assembly arranged crosswise, both the first balun assembly and the second balun assembly being mounted on the reflecting plate, and a radiating layer mounted at the ends of the first balun assembly and the second balun assembly facing away from the reflecting plat. The radiating layer comprises four radiating portions, wherein two of the radiating portions are connected to the first balun assembly, and the other two of the radiating portions are connected to the second balun assembly. The distance from the orthographic projection of the center of each radiating portion of the first dipole on the reflecting plate to the orthographic projection of the center of the radiating layer of the second dipole on the reflecting plate is a first distance. A filter structure is provided on a radiating portion corresponding to the smallest first distance. In the present application, by providing a filter structure on a radiating portion of a low-frequency dipole close to a high-frequency dipole, coupling between the low-frequency dipole and the high-frequency dipole is reduced, and interference of the high-frequency dipole on the low-frequency dipole is reduced.

Description

An antenna and electronic device Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing multi-band combined antenna arrays are limited by size, and antennas in different frequency bands will interfere with each other. To solve this problem, existing technologies use optimized antenna layout and complex filtering and decoupling designs, but these designs are complex, costly, and difficult to mass-produce. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an antenna and electronic device.

[0004] This disclosure provides an antenna including a reflector and a radiating element disposed on the reflector. The radiating element includes a plurality of elements, including a first element and at least one second element. The operating frequency of the first element is lower than the operating frequency of the second element.

[0005] The oscillator includes a first balun assembly and a second balun assembly arranged in a cross configuration and mounted on the reflector plate, and a radiation layer mounted on the ends of the first balun assembly and the second balun assembly facing away from the reflector plate; the radiation layer includes four radiation sections, two of which are connected to the first balun assembly and the other two of which are connected to the second balun assembly.

[0006] Wherein, the distance between the orthographic projection of the center of each of the radiating parts of the first oscillator on the reflector and the orthographic projection of the center of the radiating layer of the second oscillator on the reflector is a first distance; wherein the radiating part corresponding to the one with the smallest first distance is provided with a filtering structure.

[0007] Among them, for the four radiating parts in the radiating layer of the first oscillator, each radiating part includes a first apex angle and a second apex angle that are arranged opposite each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating parts installed on the first balun assembly are opposite each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating parts installed on the second balun assembly are opposite each other;

[0008] The second apex of a radiating portion of the first oscillator overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the second oscillator onto the reflector, and the filtering structure is connected to both sides of the radiating portion that define the second apex.

[0009] Among them, the filter structure connected to the same radiating part is symmetrically arranged with the diagonal of the first vertex and the second vertex as the axis of symmetry.

[0010] Wherein, for a filter structure connected to the same radiating part, the orthographic projection of the filter structure on the reflector is located within the area defined by the orthographic projection of the radiating part connected to it on the reflector.

[0011] The filter structure includes a first branch and a second branch that are interconnected and extend in different directions; the first branch is connected to the radiating part, and the second branch is arranged parallel to the side of the radiating part to which it is connected.

[0012] In the case of the radiating part connected to the filter structure, the side of the radiating part defining the second apex corner includes at least two line segments with different extension directions, and the line segments with different extension directions are connected to form a concave structure, which is used as the filter structure.

[0013] The first oscillator has a ring-shaped radiating section. The first apex angles of the two radiating sections mounted on the first balun assembly are opposite each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating sections mounted on the second balun assembly are opposite each other. Each radiating section of the first oscillator includes a first transmission segment and a second transmission segment for defining the first apex angle, and a third transmission segment connecting the first transmission segment and the second transmission segment. The linewidths of the first transmission segment and the second transmission segment are both greater than the linewidth of the third transmission segment.

[0014] Among them, for the four radiating parts in the radiating layer of the first oscillator, each radiating part includes a first apex angle and a second apex angle arranged opposite each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating parts installed on the first balun assembly are opposite each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating parts installed on the second balun assembly are opposite each other; the radiating unit also includes a metasurface structure;

[0015] The orthographic projection of the metasurface structure onto the reflector covers the orthographic projection of the first apex, second apex, and center point of each radiating part of the first oscillator onto the reflector, and the orthographic projection of the metasurface structure onto the reflector at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the second oscillator onto the reflector.

[0016] The metasurface structure's orthogonal projection onto the reflector covers the orthogonal projection of the second oscillator's radiating layer onto the reflector.

[0017] The orthographic projection of the metasurface structure onto the reflector covers the defined area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the center point of each radiating part in the first oscillator onto the reflector.

[0018] The radiation unit includes two second oscillators. The second apex of the two radiating parts of the first oscillator overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiation layer of the corresponding second oscillator on the reflector. The two second oscillators are arranged along a first direction and symmetrically arranged with the axis passing through the center point of the radiation layer of the first oscillator and along the second direction as the axis of symmetry. The second direction and the first direction are perpendicular to each other. The metasurface structure includes multiple metasurface units.

[0019] The region between the regions corresponding to the radiating layers of the two second oscillators in the metasurface structure is a hollow region. The hollow region overlaps with the region corresponding to the radiating layer of the first oscillator in the metasurface structure on the orthographic projection portion of the reflector, and there is no metasurface unit in the overlapping region. The metasurface structure is symmetrically arranged with the axis along the second direction passing through the center point of the radiating layer of the first oscillator as the axis of symmetry.

[0020] The metasurface structure includes multiple metasurface units, each metasurface unit including a dielectric substrate and multiple patch electrodes disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate away from the reflector; a spacing is provided between any two patch electrodes, and the pattern formed by the multiple patch electrodes is centrally symmetrical.

[0021] The patch electrode is an isosceles right triangle, and any two adjacent patch electrodes are arranged in a mirror-symmetric manner.

[0022] The second oscillator's radiating layer includes four radiating sections, each of which includes a first apex and a second apex that are arranged opposite to each other. The first apex of the two radiating sections mounted on the first balun assembly are opposite to each other, and the first apex of the two radiating sections mounted on the second balun assembly are opposite to each other.

[0023] Each of the radiating sections includes a first transmission segment and a second transmission segment defining the first apex, a third transmission segment and a fourth transmission segment defining the second apex, a fifth transmission segment arranged along the diagonal of the first and second apex of the radiating section, an annular transmission segment located at the first apex, and multiple connecting transmission segments; at least one connecting transmission segment connects the first transmission segment and the fourth transmission segment, and at least one connecting transmission segment connects the second transmission segment and the third transmission segment; the first transmission segment, the second transmission segment, and the fifth transmission segment are connected through the annular transmission segment, and the radiating sections are symmetrically arranged with the fifth transmission segment as the axis of symmetry.

[0024] The antenna is provided with two sets of radiating elements arranged side by side along the second direction, and each set of radiating elements includes multiple radiating elements arranged side by side along the first direction.

[0025] For the first pair of radiating units along the first direction, each radiating unit includes only one first oscillator and one second oscillator, and the metasurface structure is symmetrically arranged with the axis passing through the center point of the radiating layer of the first oscillator and along the second direction as the axis of symmetry;

[0026] Two adjacent radiating elements along the second direction are arranged in a mirror-symmetric manner.

[0027] Wherein, for a radiating element comprising two second elements, the spacing between the two second elements is half the spacing between adjacent first elements in the antenna.

[0028] The reflector has a pair of isolation strips on both sides along the second direction. The orthographic projection of the isolation strips on the reflector does not overlap with the orthographic projections of the radiation layers of the first and second oscillators on the reflector.

[0029] The second oscillator includes an electrode frame disposed on the side of the reflector near the radiating layer of the second oscillator. The area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the second oscillator on the reflector and the orthographic projection of the electrode frame on the reflector at least partially overlaps. The center point of the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the electrode frame on the reflector overlaps with the center point of the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the second oscillator on the reflector.

[0030] Among them, for the four radiating parts in the radiating layer of the second oscillator, each radiating part includes a first apex angle and a second apex angle that are arranged opposite to each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating parts installed on the first balun assembly in the radiating layer of the second oscillator are opposite to each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating parts installed on the second balun assembly are opposite to each other.

[0031] The electrode frame is rhomboid, and the orthographic projection of the four sides of the electrode frame onto the reflector is tangent to the orthographic projection of the second apex of the four radiating parts of the second oscillator onto the reflector.

[0032] The second oscillator includes at least one loading plate mounted on the side of the radiating layer of the second oscillator facing away from the reflector, wherein the orthographic projection of the loading plate on the reflector at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the second oscillator on the reflector.

[0033] The second oscillator includes a first loading plate near the radiating layer of the second oscillator and a second loading plate disposed on the side of the first loading plate away from the radiating layer of the second oscillator, and the distance between the first loading plate and the reflector is equal to the distance between the second loading plate and the first loading plate.

[0034] This disclosure provides an electronic device that includes an antenna as described in any of the foregoing embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 is a top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the first and second elements do not overlap.

[0036] Figure 2 is a side view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the first and second elements do not overlap.

[0037] Figure 3 is a top view of an antenna in an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing the overlap of the first and second elements.

[0038] Figure 4 is a side view of an antenna in an embodiment of this disclosure, showing the overlap of the first and second elements.

[0039] Figure 5 is a top view schematic diagram of the radiating part of the first oscillator in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes two filtering structures.

[0040] Figure 6 is a top view of the radiating part of the first oscillator in another embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes two filtering structures.

[0041] Figure 7 is a top view of the radiating portion of the first element in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing different line widths.

[0042] Figure 8 is a top view of an antenna with a concave filter structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 9 is a top view of an antenna with a U-shaped filtering structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0044] Figure 10 is a top view of the first oscillator of this embodiment, in which a filtering structure is provided in the radiating part.

[0045] Figure 11 is a side view schematic diagram of an antenna including a metasurface structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 13 is a top view of another radiating unit including a metasurface structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 14 is a top view of another radiating unit including a metasurface structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0048] Figure 15 is a top view schematic diagram of a metasurface structure distribution according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 16 is a top view of another radiating unit including a metasurface structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 17 is a top view of another radiating unit including a metasurface structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 18 is a top view of another metasurface structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0052] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a metasurface unit structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0053] Figure 20 is a top view of a metasurface unit according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0054] Figure 21 is a side view of a metasurface unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of another metasurface unit structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0056] Figure 23 is a top view of another metasurface unit according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0057] Figure 24 is a top view of the radiation layer of a second oscillator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of an array distribution of radiating units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] Figure 26 is a side view of a radiating unit including a loading plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] Figure 27 is a side view of another radiating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 28 is a side view of another radiating unit including a metasurface structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0062] Figure 29 is a simulation diagram of the reflection amplitude and frequency of a metasurface structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0063] Figure 30 is a simulation diagram of the reflection phase and frequency of a metasurface structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0064] Figure 31 is a simulation diagram comparing the standing waves at the two ports of the first oscillator before and after loading of the metasurface structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0065] Figure 32 is a simulation diagram comparing the directionality coefficient of the second oscillator before and after loading of the metasurface structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0066] Figure 33 is a schematic diagram comparing the vertical plane gain before and after loading the metasurface structure when the antenna operates at a frequency of 1.71 GHz according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0067] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram comparing the vertical plane gain before and after loading the metasurface structure when the antenna operates at a frequency of 1.77 GHz according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0068] Figure 35 is a schematic diagram comparing the vertical plane gain before and after loading the metasurface structure when the antenna operates at a frequency of 1.83 GHz according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0069] Figure 36 is a schematic diagram comparing the horizontal gain before and after loading the metasurface structure when the antenna operates at a frequency of 1.71 GHz according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0070] Figure 37 is a schematic diagram comparing the horizontal gain before and after loading the metasurface structure when the antenna operates at a frequency of 1.77 GHz according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0071] Figure 38 is a schematic diagram comparing the horizontal gain before and after loading the metasurface structure when the antenna operates at a frequency of 1.83 GHz according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0072] Figure 39 is a schematic diagram of an unloaded metasurface structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the radiating elements are distributed in an array.

[0073] Figure 40 is a top view of another radiating unit according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0074] Figure 41 is a cross-sectional view of the first balun component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0075] Figure 42 is a front view of one side of the first balun assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0076] Figure 43 is a front view of another side of the first balun assembly according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0077] Figure 44 is a cross-sectional view of the second balun component according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0078] Figure 45 is a front view of one side of the second balun assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0079] Figure 46 is a front view of another side of the second balun assembly according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0080] Figure 47 is a top view of the reflector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0081] Figure 48 is a top view of the radiation layer of an oscillator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0082] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0083] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “including,” “comprising,” or “containing,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0084] In response to the national dual-carbon strategy and to reduce network construction costs for operators, base station antennas are developing towards higher efficiency, gain, power capacity, and lighter weight, embracing a greener and more efficient direction. There are two common methods to improve antenna efficiency and gain: one is to reduce back-feed network losses through cable-free or low-cable technology; the other is to focus on the antenna array itself, optimizing the vibrator structure or layout, or using filtering design to achieve decoupling. The former offers better improvement, but its design is complex and costly, preventing mass production. The latter is a more mature technology, typically using a combination of methods, especially for multi-band combined antenna arrays, where optimizing antenna layout and filtering decoupling design are the most common approaches. While metamaterials technology has been studied relatively early, its application has mostly been limited to single-band antennas. For multi-band combined antennas, the common approach is to design frequency selection surfaces for high- and low-frequency decoupling. Therefore, this disclosure specifically proposes an antenna design for multi-band combined elements and arrays that improves the standing wave ratio of low-frequency vibrators while simultaneously increasing the gain of high-frequency vibrators.

[0085] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, this disclosure provides an antenna including a reflector 1 and a radiating element disposed on the reflector 1. The radiating element includes multiple elements, including a first element and at least one second element. The operating frequency of the first element is lower than the operating frequency of the second element. For ease of description, the first element is referred to as a low-frequency element, and the second element as a high-frequency element. Both the low-frequency and high-frequency elements include a first balun assembly 4 and a second balun assembly 5 arranged in a cross configuration, both mounted on the reflector 1, and a radiating layer mounted on the end of the first balun assembly 4 and the second balun assembly 5 facing away from the reflector 1. The radiating layer includes four radiating sections, two of which are connected to the first balun assembly 4, and the other two are connected to the second balun assembly 5.

[0086] In this embodiment, the distance between the orthographic projection of the center 24 of each radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate 1 and the orthographic projection of the center 32 of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate 1 is a first distance 23; wherein the radiating part 21 corresponding to the one with the smallest first distance 23 is provided with a filter structure 22.

[0087] It should be noted that the distance between the radiating parts of the low-frequency oscillator and the radiating parts of the high-frequency oscillator refers to the center-to-center distance between the center of the orthographic projection of the radiating part of the low-frequency oscillator onto the reflector and the center of the center of the orthographic projection of the radiating part of the high-frequency oscillator onto the reflector.

[0088] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, since a filter structure 22 is provided on the radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator that is closest to the high-frequency oscillator, the interference of the high-frequency oscillator to the radiating part 21 of the adjacent low-frequency oscillator can be reduced.

[0089] Specifically, the height of the low-frequency oscillator is higher than that of the high-frequency oscillator, and the area of ​​the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator is larger than that of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator. The spacing between the high-frequency oscillator and the low-frequency oscillator is such that the orthogonal projections of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator and the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator on the reflector 1 overlap, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. In this case, in order to reduce the coupling between the high-frequency oscillator and the low-frequency oscillator, reduce the mutual influence between the high-frequency oscillator and the low-frequency oscillator, and improve the standing wave of the low-frequency oscillator, a filter structure 22 is provided on the radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator that is closest to the high-frequency oscillator, that is, the radiating part 21 with the smallest distance.

[0090] Additionally, referring to Figures 1 and 2, when the first distance 23 between the radiating part 21 closest to the high-frequency oscillator in the low-frequency oscillator is large, the orthogonal projections of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator and the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate 1 do not overlap, and the high-frequency oscillator and the low-frequency oscillator maintain a certain distance. In this case, a filter structure 22 can also be provided on the radiating part 21 closest to the high-frequency oscillator in the low-frequency oscillator.

[0091] In summary, in this embodiment, by providing a filter structure 22 on the radiating portion 21 near the high-frequency vibrator in the low-frequency vibrator, the coupling between the low-frequency and high-frequency vibrators is reduced, and the interference of the high-frequency vibrator on the low-frequency vibrator is decreased, effectively suppressing high-frequency signals. For example, the filter structure 22, using a band-stop filter, can filter out signals from the high-frequency vibrator, preventing these signals from generating induced currents on the low-frequency vibrator, which helps reduce the coupling between the high-frequency and low-frequency vibrators, thereby improving the performance of the low-frequency vibrator; it can also reduce the induction of high-frequency signals on the low-frequency vibrator, thereby reducing the mutual coupling effect; and it can improve the isolation between the high- and low-frequency vibrators, reducing the induction of high-frequency signals on the low-frequency vibrator, thereby improving the isolation between antenna elements and reducing interference between signals.

[0092] In some examples, the low-frequency oscillator can operate in the 703MHz-803MHz and 885MHz-960MHz frequency bands, while the high-frequency oscillator can operate in the 1710MHz-1830MHz frequency band.

[0093] In some examples, as shown in Figure 5, for the four radiating sections 21 in the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator, each radiating section 21 includes a first apex 25 and a second apex 26 arranged opposite to each other, and the first apex 25 of the two radiating sections 21 mounted on the first balun assembly 4 are opposite to each other, and the first apex 25 of the two radiating sections 21 mounted on the second balun assembly 5 are opposite to each other. It should be noted that, in Figure 5, only the outer contour of the radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator 2 is hexagonal, including a first side S1, a second side S2, a third side S4, and a fourth side S5, as well as a first connecting side S3 and a second connecting side S6. The first side S1 and the second side S2 are connected to form a first apex 25, and the third side S4 and the fourth side S5 are connected to form a second apex 26. Both the first apex 25 and the second apex 26 are right angles. The first side S1 and the fourth side S5 are connected by the second connecting side S6, and the second side S2 and the third side S4 are connected by the first connecting side S3. The angles between the first connecting side S3 and the second side S2 and the third side S4 are both obtuse angles, and the angles between the second connecting side S6 and the first side S1 and the fourth side S5 are both obtuse angles. The first apex 25 and the second apex 26 are arranged opposite each other. The second apex 26 of a radiating section 21 of the low-frequency oscillator overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator onto the reflector 1, and a filter structure 22 is connected to both sides of the radiating section 21 that defines the second apex 26.

[0094] In this case, the high-frequency oscillator is positioned below the low-frequency oscillator. The orthographic projection of one radiating part 31 of the high-frequency oscillator and one radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate 1 overlaps. Typically, only one radiating part 31 of the high-frequency oscillator overlaps with the orthographic projection of one radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate 1. The high-frequency oscillator is positioned at what is equivalent to the "shoulder" of the low-frequency oscillator. The second apex 26 of one radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate 1. The high-frequency oscillator is positioned at the apex of the low-frequency oscillator to minimize the overlap area of ​​the orthographic projections of the high-frequency and low-frequency oscillators on the reflector plate, thereby reducing interference between the high-frequency and low-frequency oscillators.

[0095] The radiation layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator and the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator have overlapping radiation portions 21 on the reflector plate, that is, the radiation portion 21 corresponding to the high-frequency oscillator. Filter structures 22 are connected to the two sides of the second apex 26 defined in the radiation portion 21. Since the two sides of the second apex 26 defined in the radiation portion 21 overlap with the orthographic projection of the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate 1, setting filter structures 22 on both sides can achieve a better decoupling effect.

[0096] In some examples, the radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator can be a plate-like structure, or an annular groove can be formed on the radiating part 21, that is, the radiating part 21 can also adopt an annular structure, as shown in Figure 6. Furthermore, the inner and outer contours of the annular structure can be the same; that is, when the outer contour of the annular structure is hexagonal, the inner contour can also be hexagonal. Even further, when the radiating part 21 also adopts an annular structure, the filter structure 22 can be connected to the inner contour of the annular structure of the radiating part 21.

[0097] In some examples, there can be multiple filter structures 22 connected to the same radiating part 21. Figures 5 and 6 show two filter structures 22 connected to the same radiating part 21 as an example. For the filter structures 22 connected to the same radiating part 21 in a low-frequency oscillator, the filter structures 22 are symmetrically arranged with the diagonal of the first vertex 25 and the second vertex 26 as the axis of symmetry. Symmetrical arrangement of the filter structures 22 ensures the stability of the low-frequency oscillator's operating performance.

[0098] In this embodiment of the disclosure, for the filter structure 22 connected to the same radiating part 21 in the low-frequency oscillator, the orthographic projection of the filter structure 22 on the reflector plate 1 is located within the area defined by the orthographic projection of the radiating part 21 to which it is connected on the reflector plate 1. In order to avoid increasing the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projections of the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator and the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate, the filter structure 22 is disposed within the radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator, so as to avoid increasing the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the radiating layer 2 on the reflector plate 1 due to the addition of the filter structure 22.

[0099] Further, referring to Figure 6, the filter structure 22 includes a first branch 221 and a second branch 222 that are interconnected and extend in different directions; the first branch 221 is connected to the radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator, and the second branch 222 is arranged parallel to the side of the radiating part 21 to which it is connected. Referring to Figure 7, when the radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator is a ring structure, the first end of the first branch 221 is connected to the inner contour of the ring structure of the radiating part and extends in a direction away from the outer contour, and the second end of the first branch 221 is connected to the second branch 222. The first branch 221 and the second branch 222 can form an L-shaped short-circuit branch, and the length of the first branch 221 can be less than that of the second branch 222. The first branch 221 is perpendicular to the side of the radiating part 21 to which it is connected.

[0100] Furthermore, when the radiating portion 21 of the low-frequency oscillator can be a plate-like structure, in this case, for the radiating portion 21 connected to the filter structure 22, the side of the second apex 26 defined by the radiating portion 21 includes at least two line segments with different extension directions, and the line segments with different extension directions are connected to form a concave structure, which serves as the filter structure 22. Referring to Figures 8 and 9, the concave structure can be a U-shaped groove or a square groove, etc., and the filter structure 22 with this structure can introduce reverse current into the radiating portion 21 of the low-frequency oscillator.

[0101] In some examples, continuing to refer to FIG7, the radiating portion 21 of the low-frequency oscillator has a ring-shaped structure; the first apex 25 of the two radiating portions 21 mounted on the first balun assembly 4 are opposite each other, and the first apex 25 of the two radiating portions 21 mounted on the second balun assembly 5 are opposite each other. Each radiating portion 21 of the low-frequency oscillator includes a first transmission segment 211 and a second transmission segment 212 for defining the first apex 25, and a third transmission segment 213 connecting the first transmission segment 211 and the second transmission segment 212; the linewidth of the first transmission segment 211 and the second transmission segment 212 is greater than the linewidth of the third transmission segment 213. In the same case, taking a transmission line as an example, the radiating part 21 includes a first transmission line S7, a second transmission line S8, a third transmission line S9, a fourth transmission line S10, a fifth transmission line S11, and a sixth transmission line S12. The angle between the first transmission line S7 and the second transmission line S8 is a first vertex angle 25, and the angle between the fourth transmission line S10 and the fifth transmission line S11 is a second vertex angle 26. Both the first vertex angle 25 and the second vertex angle 26 are right angles. The first transmission line S7 and the fifth transmission line S11 are connected by the sixth transmission line S12, the second transmission line S8 and the fourth transmission line S10 are connected by the third transmission line S9, and the sixth transmission line S12 is connected by the sixth transmission line S12. The angles between the third transmission line S9 and the first transmission line S7 and the fifth transmission line S11 are obtuse angles, and the angles between the third transmission line S9 and the second transmission line S8 and the fourth transmission line S10 are obtuse angles. The first transmission line S7 is equivalent to the first transmission segment 211, the second transmission line S8 is equivalent to the second transmission segment 212, and the third transmission segment 213 is equivalent to the third transmission line S9, the fourth transmission line S10, the fifth transmission line S11, and the sixth transmission line S12. Therefore, the line widths of the first transmission line S7 and the second transmission line S8 are both greater than the line widths of the third transmission line S9, the fourth transmission line S10, the fifth transmission line S11, and the sixth transmission line S12.

[0102] When the radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator has a ring structure, in order to further reduce the overlap between the low-frequency oscillator and the high-frequency oscillator in the orthographic projection direction, the linewidth of the third transmission segment 213, which overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate 1, is smaller than that of the first transmission segment 211 and the second transmission segment 212, thereby reducing the overlap between the radiating part 21 of the low-frequency oscillator and the radiating part 31 of the high-frequency oscillator and reducing the coupling effect.

[0103] Referring to Figures 5 to 7, the radiating unit may include two high-frequency oscillators and one low-frequency oscillator. The two high-frequency oscillators are mirror-symmetrically arranged on the "shoulder" of the low-frequency oscillator. One of the radiating parts 31 of the two high-frequency oscillators overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second apex 26 of the two adjacent radiating parts 21 in the low-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate 1.

[0104] In this embodiment of the disclosure, referring to FIG10, two adjacent radiating sections 21 of the four radiating sections 21 of the low-frequency oscillator are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner, and the structure and number of each radiating section 21 are also arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner. Specifically, the four radiating sections 21 include a first radiating section 21a, a second radiating section 21b, a third radiating section 21c, and a fourth radiating section 21d arranged in a clockwise order, wherein the first radiating section 21a and the second radiating section 21b are symmetrical, and the third radiating section 21c and the fourth radiating section 21d are symmetrical. In this case, the filter structure 22 connected to the first radiating section 21a and the filter structure 22 connected to the second radiating section 21b are also symmetrically arranged, as are the filter structures 22 connected to the third radiating section 21c and the fourth radiating section 21d. For example, each radiating section 21 includes two L-shaped short-circuit filter stubs on the side that defines the second apex 26.

[0105] For a high-frequency oscillator, the metasurface structure 6 above it can form a Fabry-Perot cavity with the reflector 1. Electromagnetic waves are continuously reflected and resonated within the cavity before being emitted, resulting in enhanced forward directionality, which is reflected in increased directivity and gain. The height of the resonant cavity and the reflection phase of the metasurface satisfy the following relationship: Where f is the operating frequency and h is the height of the resonant cavity. Let C be the metasurface reflection phase, C be the speed of light, and N be an integer. For example, the operating frequency of a high-frequency oscillator is between 1.71 GHz and 1.83 GHz. Substituting the operating frequencies of 1.71 GHz and 1.83 GHz, and the metasurface reflection phases of -125° and -128°, the corresponding resonant cavity heights (i.e., the height of the metasurface structure 6 from the reflector 1) can be calculated to be 101 mm and 94 mm, respectively. Therefore, for antennas with high-frequency oscillators operating at frequencies between 1.71 GHz and 1.83 GHz, the height of the metasurface structure 6 from the reflector 1 can be selected between 94 mm and 101 mm. This theoretical value can be used as a reference for optimizing the loading height of the metasurface structure 6.

[0106] To reduce coupling between high-frequency oscillators, a gap must be maintained between the metasurface structure 6 and the high-frequency oscillator, and they cannot be continuously distributed. If the metasurface structure 6 is placed solely above the high-frequency oscillator, the directivity and gain of the high-frequency oscillator can be enhanced. However, the radiation pattern of the low-frequency oscillator will deviate due to the asymmetrical distribution of the metasurface structure 6, resulting in a decrease in vertical gain, especially at high frequencies such as 960MHz. Therefore, to improve the performance of the high-frequency oscillator without affecting the performance of the low-frequency oscillator, a metasurface structure 6 is also added above the low-frequency oscillator. Adding the metasurface structure 6 above both the high-frequency and low-frequency oscillators maintains the radiation pattern of the low-frequency oscillator, improves its standing wave characteristics, and increases the area of ​​the high-frequency metasurface, thereby further enhancing the directivity and gain of the high-frequency oscillator.

[0107] Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the metasurface structure 6 onto the reflector 1 covers the orthographic projection of the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator onto the reflector 1, as shown in Figure 14. Based on the partial overlap between the metasurface structure 6 and the orthographic projection of the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator onto the reflector 1, the area corresponding to the high-frequency oscillator can be further increased, as shown in Figure 13. The orthographic projection of the metasurface structure 6 onto the reflector 1 covers the orthographic projection of the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator onto the reflector 1, thereby further enhancing the directivity coefficient and gain of the high-frequency oscillator. For example, the radiation of the high-frequency oscillator... The orthographic projection of layer 3 on reflector 1 is a 10×10 square. The orthographic projection of the region corresponding to the high-frequency oscillator in metasurface structure 6 on reflector 1 can be increased from the basic 12×12 square to an 18×12 rectangle. This allows the ratio of the orthographic projection length of the region corresponding to the high-frequency oscillator in metasurface structure 6 on reflector 1 to the length of the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator to be approximately 3:2, and the ratio of the orthographic projection width of the region corresponding to the high-frequency oscillator in metasurface structure 6 on reflector 1 to the width of the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator to be approximately 1:1.

[0108] Furthermore, referring to Figures 15 and 16, based on the aforementioned embodiment, the orthographic projection of the metasurface structure 6 onto the reflector plate 1 can cover the defined area 27 enclosed by the orthographic projection of the center point 24 of each radiating part 21 in the low-frequency oscillator onto the reflector plate 1. The defined area 27 is the area enclosed by the sequential connection of the orthographic projections of the center point 24 of each radiating part 21 onto the reflector plate 1. By increasing the coverage area of ​​the radiation layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator by the metasurface structure 6, the working performance of the low-frequency oscillator can be further improved.

[0109] In this embodiment of the disclosure, referring to Figures 17 and 18, the radiating unit may specifically include two high-frequency oscillators. The second apex 26 of the two radiating parts 21 of the low-frequency oscillator overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer 3 of the corresponding high-frequency oscillator on the reflector 1. The two high-frequency oscillators are arranged along the first direction and symmetrically arranged with the axis 10 passing through the center point of the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator and along the second direction as the axis of symmetry. The second direction and the first direction are perpendicular to each other. The metasurface structure 6 includes a plurality of metasurface units 61.

[0110] The area between the regions 62 corresponding to the radiation layers 3 of the two high-frequency oscillators in the metasurface structure 6 is a hollow region 64. The hollow region 64 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the region 63 corresponding to the radiation layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator in the metasurface structure 6 on the reflector plate 1. There are no metasurface units 61 in this overlapping region. The metasurface structure 6 is symmetrically arranged with the axis 10 passing through the center point of the radiation layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator and along the second direction as the axis of symmetry.

[0111] Based on the positions of the low-frequency and high-frequency oscillators, the metasurface structure 6 can be divided into two types of regions: the first type and the second type. The first type is region 63 in the metasurface structure 6 corresponding to the radiation layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator, and the second type is region 62 in the metasurface structure 6 corresponding to the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator. Of course, when the radiation unit includes two high-frequency oscillators, the metasurface structure 6 can include two regions 62 corresponding to the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator.

[0112] When the radiating element includes two high-frequency vibrators, the two high-frequency vibrators are set on the same side of the low-frequency vibrator, and the two high-frequency vibrators are symmetrically arranged with the axis 10 extending along the second direction from the center point of the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency vibrator as the axis of symmetry. The axis 10 extends along the second direction. The radiating layer 3 of the two high-frequency vibrators is provided with a corresponding metasurface unit 61 corresponding region 62 on the side away from the reflector 1. The metasurface structure 6 leaves a hollow region 64 between the two high-frequency vibrators. In order to avoid coupling and interference between the two high-frequency vibrators due to the continuous distribution of the metasurface structure 6, no metasurface unit 61 is set in the overlapping region of the region 63 corresponding to the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency vibrator and the hollow region 64 on the reflector 1. The metasurface structure 6 is symmetrically arranged with the axis 10 extending along the second direction from the center point 28 of the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency vibrator as the axis of symmetry. The symmetrical arrangement of the metasurface structure 6 can avoid problems such as antenna direction shift caused by asymmetrical arrangement.

[0113] In the metasurface structure 6, the region 63 corresponding to the radiation layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator can be provided with metasurface units 61 except in the overlapping region. Of course, in order to further ensure symmetry, the metasurface units 61 in the region 63 corresponding to the radiation layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator in the metasurface structure 6 can be arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner, so that the metasurface units 61 on the left and right sides along the second direction in the region 63 of the metasurface structure 6 are symmetrically arranged.

[0114] Furthermore, the metasurface unit 61 may include a dielectric substrate 611 and a plurality of patch electrodes 612 disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate 611 facing away from the reflector 1. A spacing is provided between any two patch electrodes 612, and the pattern formed by the plurality of patch electrodes 612 is centrally symmetrical, as shown in Figures 19 to 21. The patch electrodes 612 can be divided into four equal isosceles triangles along the diagonal of the enclosed rectangular area, with the same spacing between any two patch electrodes 612. Specifically, as shown in Figures 22 and 23, the patch electrodes 612 can be divided into eight equal parts. Based on the diagonal division, further division is achieved by connecting the midpoints of the two opposite sides of the rectangle, resulting in eight equally divided patch electrodes 612 in the shape of isosceles right triangles. Any two adjacent patch electrodes 612 are mirror-symmetrically arranged. Of course, the shape of the patch electrode 612 can also be rectangular. It can be divided directly according to the line connecting the midpoints of the two opposite sides of the enclosed rectangular area to obtain four equally divided rectangular patch electrodes 612. It can be understood that, regardless of the shape and division method of the patch electrode 612, the metasurface unit 61 can have the function of high transmittance at low frequencies and partial reflection at high frequencies.

[0115] As shown in Figure 24, the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator includes four radiating sections 31. Each radiating section 31 includes a first apex 317 and a second apex 318 arranged opposite each other. The first apex 317s of the two radiating sections 31 mounted on the first balun assembly 4 are opposite each other, and the first apex 317s of the two radiating sections 31 mounted on the second balun assembly 5 are opposite each other. Specifically, the four radiating sections 31 include a first radiating section 31a, a second radiating section 31b, a third radiating section 31c, and a fourth radiating section 31d arranged in a clockwise direction. Two adjacent radiating sections 31 can be arranged symmetrically, such as the first radiating section 31a and the second radiating section 31b being symmetrical, and the third radiating section 31c and the fourth radiating section 31d being symmetrical. Each radiating section 31 includes a first transmission segment 311 and a second transmission segment 312 for defining a first apex 317, a third transmission segment 313 and a fourth transmission segment 314 for defining a second apex 318, a fifth transmission segment 315 arranged along the diagonal line between the first apex 317 and the second apex 318 of the radiating section 31, and an annular transmission segment 316 arranged at the location of the first apex 317; the first transmission segment 311, the second transmission segment 312 and the fifth transmission segment 315 are connected through the annular transmission segment 316, and the radiating section 31 is symmetrically arranged with the fifth transmission segment 315 as the axis of symmetry.

[0116] The hollowed-out area at the center of the annular transmission section 315 in the radiating part 31 of the high-frequency oscillator can be used to connect with the first balun assembly 4 or the second balun assembly 5.

[0117] The radiating part 31 of the high-frequency oscillator can be enclosed by a first transmission segment 311, a second transmission segment 312, a third transmission segment 313, a fourth transmission segment 314, a ring transmission segment 316, and multiple connecting transmission segments to form a polygon; at least one connecting transmission segment connects the first transmission segment 311 and the fourth transmission segment 314, and at least one connecting transmission segment connects the second transmission segment 312 and the third transmission segment 313, which can form a hexagon or octagon or other polygons.

[0118] In this embodiment of the disclosure, referring to FIG25, the antenna may include multiple arrayed radiating elements. The antenna has two sets of radiating elements arranged side-by-side along a second direction, and each set of radiating elements includes multiple radiating elements arranged side-by-side along a first direction. The high-frequency vibrators in the two sets of radiating elements are arranged opposite each other. For the first pair of radiating elements along the first direction, each radiating element includes only one low-frequency vibrator and one high-frequency vibrator. The metasurface structure 6 is symmetrically arranged with the axis 10 along the second direction and passing through the center point 28 of the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency vibrator as its axis of symmetry. The structures of the other radiating elements along the first direction, excluding the first pair, can be the same as the structures of the radiating elements in FIG17. Two adjacent radiating elements along the second direction are arranged in a mirror-symmetric configuration.

[0119] In the first pair of radiating units along the first direction, although only one high-frequency oscillator is included, in order to ensure the symmetry of the metasurface structure 6, the metasurface structure 6 is still symmetrically arranged with the center point 28 of the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency oscillator and the axis 10 along the second direction as the axis of symmetry. The metasurface structure 6 is also arranged in the position where there is no high-frequency oscillator. At the same time, the high-frequency oscillators in both sets of radiating units are arranged on one side of the low-frequency oscillator, and the high-frequency oscillators are arranged opposite each other in the two adjacent radiating units in the second direction, which is mirror symmetrical.

[0120] Furthermore, for a radiating element comprising two high-frequency elements, the spacing between the two high-frequency elements is half the spacing between adjacent low-frequency elements in the antenna. In an array of radiating elements, the low-frequency elements are periodically distributed, and the spacing between the low-frequency elements in adjacent radiating elements is fixed. Based on the spacing between the low-frequency elements, the spacing between two high-frequency elements in a radiating element is set to half the spacing between adjacent low-frequency elements. This achieves a uniform distribution of low-frequency and high-frequency elements, reducing interference from high-frequency elements to low-frequency elements.

[0121] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Figure 11, in order to improve the antenna's beamwidth, a pair of isolation strips 7 are provided on both sides of the reflector 1 along the second direction. The orthographic projection of the pair of isolation strips 7 on the reflector 1 does not overlap with the orthographic projections of the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency vibrator and the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency vibrator on the reflector 1. One isolation strip 7 is located on the side of the low-frequency vibrator away from the high-frequency vibrator, and the other isolation strip 7 is located on the side of the high-frequency vibrator away from the low-frequency vibrator. The two isolation strips 7 can be located on both sides of the reflector 1, or they can be located closer to the low-frequency vibrator or the high-frequency vibrator according to the requirements of the vibrator's beamwidth. However, it is necessary to ensure that the isolation strips 7 do not overlap with the orthographic projections of the radiating layer 2 of the low-frequency vibrator and the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency vibrator on the reflector 1 to avoid the beamwidth being too narrow.

[0122] In this embodiment of the disclosure, referring to Figures 5 and 11, which include the electrode frame 8, to further improve the bandwidth of the high-frequency oscillator, the high-frequency oscillator includes an electrode frame 8 disposed on the side of the reflector 1 near the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator. The area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector 1 and the orthographic projection of the electrode frame 8 on the reflector 1 does not overlap at least partially. The center point of the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the electrode frame 8 on the reflector 1 may overlap with the center point of the orthographic projection of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector 1. The area enclosed by the electrode frame 8 on the reflector 1 will not be too smaller than the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector 1. Typically, the area enclosed by the electrode frame 8 on the reflector 1 will be larger than the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector 1, thereby allowing a portion of the electrode frame 8 to be outside the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator. Therefore, the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector 1 and the orthographic projection of the electrode frame 8 on the reflector 1 does not overlap at least partially.

[0123] Furthermore, referring to Figure 5, for the four radiating portions 31 in the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator, each radiating portion 31 includes a first apex 25 and a second apex 26 arranged opposite each other. The first apex 25s of the two radiating portions 31 mounted on the first balun assembly 4 in the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator are opposite each other, and the first apex 25s of the two radiating portions 31 mounted on the second balun assembly 5 are opposite each other. In this case, the electrode frame 8 can specifically be rhomboid, and the orthographic projection of the four sides of the electrode frame 8 onto the reflector 1 is tangent to the orthographic projection of the second apex 26 of the four radiating portions 31 of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator onto the reflector 1.

[0124] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to FIG25, the high-frequency oscillator further includes at least one loading plate 10 mounted on the side of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator facing away from the reflector 1. The orthographic projection of the loading plate 10 on the reflector 1 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector 1. By setting the loading plate 10 corresponding to the high-frequency oscillator, the directivity coefficient and gain of the oscillator can be further improved. A gap is provided between the loading plate 10 and the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator, and multiple loading plates 10 can be added above the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator, that is, on the side of the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator facing away from the reflector 1, according to actual application requirements. For example, the high-frequency oscillator includes a first loading plate 101 close to the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator and a second loading plate 102 disposed on the side of the first loading plate 101 facing away from the radiating layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator, and the gap between the first loading plate 101 and the reflector 1 is equal to the gap between the second loading plate 102 and the first loading plate 101.

[0125] The area of ​​the loading plate 10 corresponding to the high-frequency oscillator can be within 1.5 times the area of ​​the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator. The center of the orthographic projection of each loading plate 10 on the reflector plate 1 can overlap with the center of the orthographic projection of the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator on the reflector plate 1. The loading plate 10 above the radiation layer 3 of the high-frequency oscillator can be set separately when there is no metasurface structure 6, or it can be set together when the radiation unit includes the metasurface structure 6. It can be selected according to the actual application requirements.

[0126] This disclosure further describes the aforementioned antenna in conjunction with specific application scenarios, as detailed below:

[0127] Example 1, taking the high-low frequency combined unit shown in Figures 5 and 26 as an example, the entire radiating unit is composed of two types of vibrators: low-frequency vibrators and high-frequency vibrators. The low-frequency vibrators cover the 703MHz-803MHz and 885MHz-960MHz frequency bands, while the high-frequency vibrators cover the 1710MHz-1830MHz frequency band. The high- and low-frequency vibrators are arranged side by side, with two high-frequency vibrators symmetrically arranged vertically on the right side of each low-frequency vibrator. The high-frequency and low-frequency vibrators are fixed on the same reflector 1, with two isolation strips 7 loaded on the left and right edges of the reflector 1. An antenna cover 9 is also provided above the vibrators. In actual use, because the reflector 1 is relatively narrow, there will be some overlap between the low-frequency and high-frequency vibrators in the radiating layers. To reduce the radiation pattern distortion and standing wave effect caused by the low-frequency vibrator blocking the high-frequency vibrator, two L-shaped short-circuit filter stubs are added to each radiating section 21 on the right side of the low-frequency vibrator. At the same time, different linewidths are used on the inner and outer sides of the radiating section 21, with the outer linewidth being as small as possible to reduce the blocking effect. In addition, in order to improve the radiation pattern width of the high-frequency oscillator, symmetrical electrode frames 8 were also loaded around the high-frequency oscillator, forming a rhomboid metal frame.

[0128] Based on the high- and low-frequency combined unit shown in Figure 27, a metasurface structure 6 is introduced, as shown in Figure 28. The metasurface unit 61 used, as shown in Figures 19 to 21, specifically includes a dielectric substrate 611 and patch electrodes 612. The patch electrodes 612 can specifically be a metal thin film layer deposited on top of the dielectric substrate 611. The pattern formed by multiple patch electrodes 612 consists of four symmetrically distributed triangles. Simulations of the performance of the metasurface unit 61, as shown in Figures 29 and 30, show that the reflection amplitude of the metasurface unit 61 in the 1.71 GHz–1.83 GHz frequency band is 0.47–0.49, and the reflection phase is -125.35°–-127.55°. The reflection amplitude in the 0.70 GHz–0.96 GHz band is 0.21–0.28. Therefore, it can be seen that the metasurface unit 61 is a high-transmittance metasurface for low-frequency oscillators and a partially reflective metasurface for high-frequency oscillators.

[0129] The periodic metasurface actually loaded in the high- and low-frequency combined unit is shown in Figures 17 and 28. The metasurface structure 6 can be loaded between the antenna radome 9 and the low-frequency vibrator, at a height of 90 mm from the reflector 1.

[0130] The simulation results of the radiating element before and after loading the metasurface structure 6 are compared in Figures 31 to 38. In these figures, the dashed lines represent the curves before loading the metasurface structure 6, and the solid lines represent the curves after loading. As shown in the figures, after loading the metasurface, the standing wave characteristics of the low-frequency oscillator are improved, from VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) < 1.55 to VSWR < 1.38; the directivity of the high-frequency oscillator is significantly enhanced, increasing from 12.75 dBi / 12.921 dBi / 12.88 dBi at operating frequencies of 1.71 GHz / 1.77 GHz / 1.83 GHz to 13.24 dBi / 13.55 dBi / 13.66 dBi. The gain is improved by 0.51dB-0.78dB. Meanwhile, when the high-frequency oscillator operates at frequencies of 1.71GHz / 1.77GHz / 1.83GHz, the vertical and horizontal gains of the high-frequency oscillator also increase from 12.53dBi / 12.65dBi / 12.78dBi and 12.65dBi / 12.94dBi / 12.95dBi to 13.13dBi / 13.40dBi / 13.28dBi and 13.17dBi / 13.54dBi / 13.49dBi, respectively, representing an improvement of 0.5dB-0.75dB.

[0131] Example 2: Using the periodically spaced radiating elements based on metasurfaces, as shown in Figure 25, various single-row and double-row antenna arrays can be formed. For these single-row and double-row antenna arrays, metasurface loading can achieve the same technical effect, namely, improved standing wave ratio of low-frequency elements and enhanced directivity and gain of high-frequency elements. As shown in Figures 39 and 25, taking a 444 antenna array of 700M / 900M / 1800M as an example, the 444 antenna array before loading metasurface structure 6 is shown in Figure 39. It includes 2 rows of low-frequency elements and 2 rows of high-frequency elements, with 5 low-frequency elements and 9 high-frequency elements in each row. Comparing the simulation results of the antenna array before and after metasurface loading, it can be found that after metasurface loading, the standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the low-frequency oscillator improved from VSWR < 1.65 to VSWR < 1.41; and at operating frequencies of 1.71 GHz / 1.77 GHz / 1.83 GHz, the directivity coefficient of the high-frequency oscillator increased from 18.73 dBi / 19.13 dBi / 19.60 dBi to 19.221 dBi / 19.90 dBi / 20.43 dBi. The gain is improved by 0.49dB-0.83dB. At the same time, the vertical and horizontal gains of the high-frequency oscillator also increased from 18.48dBi / 18.63dBi / 18.98dBi and 18.50dBi / 19.03dBi / 19.59dBi to 19.00dBi / 19.20dBi / 19.421dBi and 19.07dBi / 19.83dBi / 20.21dBi, respectively, representing an improvement of 0.44dB-0.8dB.

[0132] Example 3: In addition to the metasurface unit 61 design shown in Figure 19, the metasurface unit 61 can also be the metasurface unit 61 shown in Figures 22 and 23. Figure 22 is based on Figure 19, where the triangular metal thin film, i.e., the patch electrode 612, is further divided into two parts, resulting in a symmetrical metal pattern composed of eight triangular metal thin films. Simulation results show that the reflection amplitude of this metasurface unit 61 is 0.45–0.47 in the 1.71 GHz–1.83 GHz frequency band and 0.2–0.27 in the 0.703 GHz–0.96 GHz band, with a reflection phase of -124°–-126°. The corresponding theoretical metasurface heights are also 101 mm and 94 mm. This metasurface unit 61 is loaded between the high- and low-frequency vibrators and the radome 9, as shown in Figure 17, forming another multi-frequency combination unit based on a metasurface. Compared to the absence of metasurface loading, the standing wave ratio of the low-frequency oscillator was also improved, from VSWR<1.55 to VSWR<1.41, while the directivity coefficient and gain of the high-frequency oscillator were improved by 0.37dB-0.621dB and 0.38dB-0.54dB, respectively.

[0133] Example 4, as shown in Figure 14, the metasurface structure 6 above the high-frequency oscillator can be reduced from a 2x3 element arrangement to a 2x2 element arrangement. This arrangement of the metasurface structure 6 is more beneficial to the characteristics of the low-frequency oscillator, making its radiation pattern more symmetrical. Correspondingly, the performance improvement of the high-frequency oscillator will be somewhat sacrificed. According to simulation results, after loading this metasurface, the standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the low-frequency oscillator improved from <1.55 to <1.37, while the directivity coefficient and gain of the high-frequency oscillator improved by 0.23dB-0.53dB and 0.28dB-0.38dB, respectively.

[0134] Example 5: To make the structure of the low-frequency oscillator more symmetrical, L-shaped short-circuit filter stubs can be added to the two radiating sections 21 on the left side of the low-frequency oscillator, as shown in Figures 10 and 40. Adding a metasurface on this basis, simulation results show that a similar high-frequency gain enhancement effect as in Example 1 can be achieved, while the low-frequency standing wave ratio is slightly worse than in Example 1.

[0135] Example 6: Similarly, the number of elements in the off-diagonal region corresponding to the low-frequency oscillator in metasurface structure 6 can be further reduced, as shown in Figures 15 and 16. After loading this metasurface, according to simulation results, compared with the unloaded metasurface, the standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the low-frequency oscillator improved from <1.55 to <1.41, and the directivity coefficient and gain of the high-frequency oscillator increased by 0.51dB-0.8dB and 0.52dB-0.721dB, respectively.

[0136] Example 7: When the number of metasurface units 61 in region 63 corresponding to the low-frequency oscillator in metasurface structure 6 is minimized, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, after loading the metasurface, according to simulation results, compared with the unloaded metasurface, the standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the low-frequency oscillator is improved from VSWR<1.55 to VSWR<1.51, and the directivity coefficient and gain of the high-frequency oscillator are improved by 0.51dB-0.73dB and 0.47dB-0.61dB, respectively.

[0137] Table 1, a performance comparison table of radiating units with various metasurface structures 6, provides a clear view of the performance differences between radiating units without metasurface structures 6 in the aforementioned examples and radiating units with various metasurface structures 6 in different embodiments. For example, the performance comparison between the embodiment unit without metasurface structure 6 in a single radiating unit and the embodiments with metasurface structures 6 in Examples 1, 3 to 7, etc., and the embodiment array without metasurface structure 6 in an array distribution of radiating units and the embodiment array without metasurface structure 6 in Example 2, and the performance comparison between the embodiment array without metasurface structure 6 in Example 2 and the embodiment with array distribution of radiating units including metasurface structure 6.

[0138] Table 1

[0139] Furthermore, referring to Figures 41 to 48, the first balun assembly 4 of this embodiment includes a first substrate 41, a first balun feed line 42 disposed on the first substrate 41, and a first reference electrode 43 disposed on the side of the first substrate 41 opposite to the first balun feed line 42. The second balun assembly 5 includes a second substrate 51, a second balun feed line 52 disposed on the second substrate 51, and a second reference electrode 53 disposed on the side of the second substrate 51 opposite to the second balun feed line 52. The first substrate 41 and the second substrate 51 are intersected, and the planes containing the first substrate 41 and the second substrate 51 both form an angle with the plane containing the reflector 11. For example, the first substrate 41 and the second substrate 51 are orthogonally arranged, and the plane containing the first substrate 41 is perpendicular to the plane containing the reflector 11, and the plane containing the second substrate 51 is perpendicular to the plane containing the reflector 11.

[0140] Furthermore, the planes containing the first substrate 41 and the second substrate 51 have a certain angle, for example, the angle between the planes containing the first substrate 41 and the second substrate 51 is 90°, that is, the first substrate 41 and the second substrate 51 are orthogonally arranged. The planes containing the first substrate 41 and the second substrate 51 also have a certain angle relative to the plane containing the reflector 11, for example, the plane containing the first substrate 41 is perpendicular to the plane containing the reflector 11, and correspondingly, the plane containing the second substrate 51 is also perpendicular to the plane containing the reflector 11. In this embodiment of the disclosure, only the example of the first substrate 41 and the second substrate 51 being orthogonally arranged, and both of their planes being perpendicular to the plane containing the reflector 11, is used.

[0141] Referring again to Figures 41, 42, 44, and 45, the first substrate 41 has a first opening extending along the thickness direction of the reflector 11, and the second substrate 51 has a second opening extending along the thickness direction of the reflector 11. The first substrate 41 is fixed to the second substrate 51 through the first opening, and the second substrate 51 is fixed to the first substrate 41 through the second opening, so that the two are orthogonally arranged. Since the first substrate 41 and the second substrate 51 are orthogonal, the second substrate 51 divides the first substrate 41 into a first sub-plate 411 and a second sub-plate 412, and the first substrate 41 divides the second substrate 51 into a third sub-plate 511 and a fourth sub-plate 512. The portion of the first reference electrode 43 located on the first sub-plate 411 is called the first sub-reference electrode 431, and the portion of the first reference electrode 43 on the second sub-plate 412 is called the second sub-reference electrode 432; the portion of the second reference electrode 53 located on the third sub-plate 511 is called the third sub-reference electrode 531, and the portion of the second reference electrode 53 on the fourth sub-plate 512 is called the fourth sub-reference electrode 532.

[0142] Since the first balun assembly 4 and the second balun assembly 5 are fixed to the reflector 11 and the four radiating parts 2 at their respective ends, a first connecting part 44 and a second connecting part 45 can be provided at both ends of the first sub-plate 411 along the thickness direction of the reflector 11, a third connecting part 46 and a fourth connecting part 47 can be provided at both ends of the second sub-plate 412 along the thickness direction of the reflector 11, a fifth connecting part 54 and a sixth connecting part 55 can be provided at both ends of the third sub-plate 511 along the thickness direction of the reflector 11, and a seventh connecting part 56 and an eighth connecting part 57 can be provided at both ends of the fourth sub-plate 512 along the thickness direction of the reflector 11. Correspondingly, four through holes can be provided on the reflector 11 corresponding to the first connecting part 44, the third connecting part 46, the fifth connecting part 54 and the seventh connecting part 56. The first connecting part 44, the third connecting part 46, the fifth connecting part 54 and the seventh connecting part 56 are fixed to the reflector 11 through the four through holes provided on the reflector 11. Similarly, four through holes corresponding to the second connecting part 45, the fourth connecting part 47, the sixth connecting part 55, and the eighth connecting part 57 can be provided on the four radiating parts 2. The second connecting part 45, the fourth connecting part 47, the sixth connecting part 55, and the eighth connecting part 57 are fixed to the four radiating parts 2 through the four through holes provided on the four radiating parts 2 respectively.

[0143] Furthermore, Figure 47 is a top view of the reflector 11 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in Figure 45, when a planar reference electrode is provided on the surface of the reflector 11 away from the four radiating portions 2, the first reference electrode 43 and the second reference electrode 53 can be connected to the planar reference electrode through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 12 penetrating the reflector 11. That is, the four through holes of the reflector 11 include two first through holes 11 and two second through holes 12, wherein the two first through holes 11 are respectively provided corresponding to the first connecting portion 44 and the third connecting portion 46, and the two second through holes 12 are respectively provided corresponding to the fifth connecting portion 54 and the seventh connecting portion 56.

[0144] In some examples, FIG48 is a top view of four radiating portions 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in FIG48, the radiating unit includes a third substrate 20 and four radiating portions 2 disposed on the side of the third substrate 20 opposite to the reflector 11, namely a first radiating portion 21a, a second radiating portion 21b, a third radiating portion 21c, and a fourth radiating portion 21d. The first radiating portion 21a, the second radiating portion 21b, the third radiating portion 21c, and the fourth radiating portion 21d can be arranged in an array. Among them, the first radiating portion 21a is electrically connected to the first sub-reference electrode 431, the second radiating portion 21b is electrically connected to the second sub-reference electrode 432, the third radiating portion 21c is electrically connected to the third sub-reference electrode 531, and the fourth radiating portion 21d is electrically connected to the fourth sub-reference electrode 532.

[0145] In this case, the four vias on the four radiating sections 2 are respectively a third via 214 penetrating the third substrate 20 and the first radiating section 21a, a fourth via 215 penetrating the third substrate 20 and the second radiating section 21b, a fifth via 216 penetrating the third substrate 20 and the third radiating section 21c, and a sixth via 217 penetrating the third substrate 20 and the fourth radiating section 21d. At this time, the first sub-reference electrode 431 is connected to the first radiating section 21a through the third via 214, and the two can be connected by welding. Similarly, the second sub-reference electrode 432 is connected to the second radiating section 21b through the fourth via 215, and the two can be connected by welding. The third sub-reference electrode 531 is connected to the third radiating section 21c through the fifth via 216, and the two can be connected by welding. The fourth sub-reference electrode 532 is connected to the fourth radiating section 21d through the sixth via 217, and the two can be connected by welding. As shown in Figure 24, the annular transmission section in the radiating part 31 of the high-frequency oscillator can also perform the functions and effects of the aforementioned third via 214 to sixth via 217.

[0146] In some examples, a first radiating part 21a, a second radiating part 21b, a third radiating part 21c, and a fourth radiating part 21d are joined together to form a radiating layer. The first radiating part 21a, the second radiating part 21b, the third radiating part 21c, and the fourth radiating part 21d include, but are not limited to, polygons (e.g., squares, rectangles, hexagons), circles, etc.

[0147] This disclosure also provides an electronic device including an antenna as described above.

[0148] The antenna also includes a transceiver unit, an RF transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. This antenna can function as either a transmitting or receiving antenna. The transceiver unit can include a baseband and a receiver. The baseband provides signals in at least one frequency band, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, or 5G signals, and transmits these signals to the RF transceiver. The transparent antenna in the communication system receives the signal, which is then processed by the filtering unit, power amplifier, signal amplifier, and RF transceiver (not shown in the diagram) before being transmitted to the receiver in the transceiver unit. The receiver could be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0149] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit and is used to modulate the signals transmitted by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signals received by the transparent antenna before transmitting them to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the RF transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate the various types of signals provided by the baseband before transmitting them to the antenna. The transparent antenna receives the signals and transmits them to the receiving circuit of the RF transceiver. The receiving circuit then transmits the signals to the demodulation circuit, which demodulates the signals before transmitting them to the receiving end.

[0150] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, which are then connected to a filtering unit. The filtering unit is connected to at least one antenna. During signal transmission in the communication system, the signal amplifier improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filtering circuit. The filtering unit combines the signals output from the signal amplifier and power amplifier, filters out clutter, and transmits them to the transparent antenna, which radiates the signal. During signal reception in the communication system, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit filters out clutter from the received signal and transmits it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier. The signal amplifier increases the gain of the received signal, improving the SNR; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the received signal. The signal received by the antenna, after processing by the power amplifier and signal amplifier, is transmitted to the RF transceiver, which then transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0151] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as low-noise amplifiers, without limitation.

[0152] In some examples, the antenna provided in this disclosure also includes a power management unit connected to a power amplifier to provide voltage to the power amplifier for amplifying signals.

[0153] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna comprising a reflector and a radiating element disposed on the reflector, the radiating element comprising a plurality of elements, the plurality of elements comprising a first element and at least one second element; the operating frequency of the first element is lower than the operating frequency of the second element; The oscillator includes a first balun assembly and a second balun assembly arranged in a cross configuration and mounted on the reflector plate, and a radiation layer mounted on the ends of the first balun assembly and the second balun assembly facing away from the reflector plate; the radiation layer includes four radiation sections, two of which are connected to the first balun assembly and the other two of which are connected to the second balun assembly. in, The distance between the orthographic projection of the center of each radiating part of the first oscillator on the reflector and the orthographic projection of the center of the radiating layer of the second oscillator on the reflector is a first distance; wherein the radiating part corresponding to the one with the smallest first distance is provided with a filtering structure.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, For the four radiating parts in the radiating layer of the first oscillator, each radiating part includes a first apex angle and a second apex angle that are arranged opposite each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating parts installed on the first balun assembly are opposite each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating parts installed on the second balun assembly are opposite each other; The second apex of a radiating portion of the first oscillator overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the second oscillator onto the reflector, and the filtering structure is connected to both sides of the radiating portion that define the second apex.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, For the filter structure connected to the same radiating part, the filter structure is symmetrically arranged with the diagonal of the first vertex and the second vertex as the axis of symmetry.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, For a filter structure connected to the same radiating element, the orthographic projection of the filter structure onto the reflector is located within the area defined by the orthographic projection of the radiating element to which it is connected.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The filtering structure includes a first branch and a second branch that are interconnected and extend in different directions; the first branch is connected to the radiating part, and the second branch is arranged parallel to the side of the radiating part to which it is connected.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, On the radiating portion connected to the filtering structure, the side of the second apex defined by the radiating portion includes at least two line segments with different extension directions, and the line segments with different extension directions are connected to form a concave structure, which serves as the filtering structure.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The radiating portion of the first oscillator has a ring-shaped structure; the first apex angles of the two radiating portions mounted on the first balun assembly are opposite each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating portions mounted on the second balun assembly are opposite each other. Each radiating portion of the first oscillator includes a first transmission segment and a second transmission segment for defining the first apex angle, and a third transmission segment connecting the first transmission segment and the second transmission segment; the linewidths of the first transmission segment and the second transmission segment are both greater than the linewidth of the third transmission segment.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, For the four radiating sections in the radiating layer of the first oscillator, each radiating section includes a first apex angle and a second apex angle that are arranged opposite each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating sections mounted on the first balun assembly are opposite each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating sections mounted on the second balun assembly are opposite each other; the radiating unit also includes a metasurface structure; The orthographic projection of the metasurface structure onto the reflector covers the orthographic projection of the first apex, second apex, and center point of each radiating part of the first oscillator onto the reflector, and the orthographic projection of the metasurface structure onto the reflector at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the second oscillator onto the reflector.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein, The orthographic projection of the metasurface structure onto the reflector covers the orthographic projection of the radiation layer of the second oscillator onto the reflector.

10. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein, The orthographic projection of the metasurface structure onto the reflector covers the defined area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the center point of each radiating part in the first oscillator onto the reflector.

11. The antenna according to claim 9, wherein, The radiating unit includes two second oscillators. The second apex of the two radiating parts of the first oscillator overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the corresponding second oscillator on the reflector. The two second oscillators are arranged along a first direction and are symmetrically set with the axis passing through the center point of the radiating layer of the first oscillator and along the second direction as the axis of symmetry. The second direction and the first direction are perpendicular to each other. The metasurface structure includes multiple metasurface units. The region between the regions corresponding to the radiating layers of the two second oscillators in the metasurface structure is a hollow region. The hollow region overlaps with the region corresponding to the radiating layer of the first oscillator in the metasurface structure on the orthographic projection portion of the reflector, and there is no metasurface unit in the overlapping region. The metasurface structure is symmetrically arranged with the axis along the second direction passing through the center point of the radiating layer of the first oscillator as the axis of symmetry.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein, The metasurface structure includes multiple metasurface units, each metasurface unit including a dielectric substrate and multiple patch electrodes disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate away from the reflector; a spacing is provided between any two patch electrodes, and the pattern formed by the multiple patch electrodes is centrally symmetrical.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, wherein, The patch electrode is an isosceles right triangle, and any two adjacent patch electrodes are arranged in a mirror image symmetrically.

14. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The radiating layer of the second oscillator includes four radiating sections, each of which includes a first apex and a second apex that are arranged opposite to each other. The first apex of the two radiating sections mounted on the first balun assembly are opposite to each other, and the first apex of the two radiating sections mounted on the second balun assembly are opposite to each other. Each of the radiating sections includes a first transmission segment and a second transmission segment defining the first apex, a third transmission segment and a fourth transmission segment defining the second apex, a fifth transmission segment arranged along the diagonal of the first and second apex of the radiating section, an annular transmission segment located at the first apex, and multiple connecting transmission segments; at least one connecting transmission segment connects the first transmission segment and the fourth transmission segment, and at least one connecting transmission segment connects the second transmission segment and the third transmission segment; the first transmission segment, the second transmission segment, and the fifth transmission segment are connected through the annular transmission segment, and the radiating sections are symmetrically arranged with the fifth transmission segment as the axis of symmetry.

15. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The antenna is provided with two sets of radiating elements arranged side by side along the second direction, and each set of radiating elements includes multiple radiating elements arranged side by side along the first direction. For the first pair of radiating units along the first direction, each radiating unit includes only one first oscillator and one second oscillator, and the metasurface structure is symmetrically arranged with the axis passing through the center point of the radiating layer of the first oscillator and along the second direction as the axis of symmetry; Two adjacent radiating elements along the second direction are arranged in a mirror-symmetric manner.

16. The antenna according to claim 15, wherein, For a radiating element comprising two second elements, the spacing between the two second elements is half the spacing between adjacent first elements in the antenna.

17. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, A pair of isolation strips are provided on both sides of the reflector along the second direction. The orthographic projection of the pair of isolation strips on the reflector does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the radiation layer of the first oscillator and the radiation layer of the second oscillator on the reflector.

18. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The second oscillator includes an electrode frame disposed on the side of the reflector near the radiating layer of the second oscillator. The area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the second oscillator on the reflector and the orthographic projection of the electrode frame on the reflector at least partially overlaps. The center point of the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the electrode frame on the reflector overlaps with the center point of the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the second oscillator on the reflector.

19. The antenna according to claim 18, wherein, For the four radiating parts in the radiating layer of the second oscillator, each radiating part includes a first apex angle and a second apex angle that are arranged opposite to each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating parts installed on the first balun assembly in the radiating layer of the second oscillator are opposite to each other, and the first apex angles of the two radiating parts installed on the second balun assembly are opposite to each other. The electrode frame is rhomboid, and the orthographic projection of the four sides of the electrode frame onto the reflector is tangent to the orthographic projection of the second apex of the four radiating parts of the second oscillator onto the reflector.

20. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The second oscillator includes at least one loading plate mounted on the side of the radiating layer of the second oscillator facing away from the reflector, the orthographic projection of the loading plate on the reflector at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of the radiating layer of the second oscillator on the reflector.

21. The antenna according to claim 20, wherein, The second oscillator includes a first loading plate near the radiating layer of the second oscillator and a second loading plate disposed on the side of the first loading plate away from the radiating layer of the second oscillator, and the distance between the first loading plate and the reflector is equal to the distance between the second loading plate and the first loading plate.

22. An electronic device comprising an antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21.

Images