Vehicle pane with shine effect

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vehicle pane (1) comprising, in the following order: a first pane (2) having a first surface (I) and a second surface (II); an inorganic layer (3) which is arranged on at least one part of the second surface (II) of the first pane (2), wherein the inorganic layer (3) comprises scale-like particles (3a); a thermoplastic intermediate layer (4); and a second pane (5) having a first surface (III) and a second surface (IV), wherein the thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) is a coloured thermoplastic intermediate layer and / or the second pane (5) is a coloured pane. The present invention also relates to a method for producing the vehicle pane (1) and to the use thereof.

Description

[0001] SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WO-PCT

[0002] Vehicle windscreen with glossy effect

[0003] The invention relates to a vehicle windscreen, a method for manufacturing the vehicle windscreen and the use thereof.

[0004] In today's automotive market, great importance is placed on the appearance of vehicles. Therefore, customized solutions for vehicle glazing are highly desirable. This applies particularly to adapting or matching the glazing to the vehicle's exterior appearance. Vehicle manufacturers who, for example, wish to achieve a color match or contrast between the glazing and the vehicle's paintwork, are typically limited to a few tinted PVB films and / or a few types of tinted glass.

[0005] US20030224181A1 describes methods for manufacturing coated articles, such as tabletops, shower enclosures, partitions, and vehicle windows, as well as the articles produced by these methods. It also addresses the need for aesthetically pleasing vehicle windows that can enhance vehicle design. The focus of US20030224181A1 is on vehicle windows that have a light transmittance of at least 70%.

[0006] EP 4467523 A1 discloses an intermediate layer for laminated glass and laminated glass.

[0007] EP 4455 102 A1 discloses a glass pane comprising a coating applied in at least one area of ​​at least one side of the glass pane, a composite comprising such a coating, and a paste for producing such a glass pane.

[0008] EP 0 300 300 A2 discloses a method for applying a colored coating to a surface of a glass pane.

[0009] In addition to color selection, the aesthetics of the vehicle's windshield, and thus the overall appearance of the vehicle, can also be influenced by other glazing properties. This allows for improved, customized solutions for aesthetically matching the glazing to the vehicle's paintwork. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0010] The present invention is therefore based on the objective of providing a vehicle window that enables improved aesthetic adaptation or matching of the vehicle window to the overall appearance of the vehicle.

[0011] The object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a vehicle windscreen according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the vehicle windscreen according to the invention are described in the dependent claims. A method for manufacturing the vehicle windscreen according to the invention and a use of the vehicle windscreen according to the invention are described in further independent claims.

[0012] According to one aspect, the present invention relates to a vehicle windscreen comprising in the following order:

[0013] a first disk with a first surface and a second surface,

[0014] an inorganic layer arranged on at least a part of the second surface of the first disk, wherein the inorganic layer comprises scale-like particles, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and

[0015] a second disk with a first surface and a second surface, wherein the thermoplastic interlayer is a colored thermoplastic interlayer and / or the second disk is a colored disk.

[0016] It was surprisingly discovered that by combining the scale-like particles with a colored thermoplastic intermediate layer and / or a colored pane as a second pane, a vehicle windshield with a strong gloss effect can be provided. The scale-like particles generate the gloss effect in the vehicle windshield according to the invention. The contrasting or darkening effect of the colored thermoplastic intermediate layer and / or the colored pane as a second pane intensifies the gloss effect for the viewer looking from the surface of the first pane, particularly when illuminated by an intense light source such as the sun. The use of the scale-like particles makes it possible to provide a vehicle windshield with improved aesthetic adaptation and / or...Matching the vehicle windshield to the overall appearance of the vehicle is made possible by creating a glossy effect in addition to other usual properties of a vehicle windshield, such as color. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT.

[0017] By using a colored thermoplastic interlayer and / or a colored pane as a second pane, the light passing through the vehicle window and striking the surface of the first pane is darkened. This darkening of the vehicle window also reduces the glare for an observer viewing the vehicle window from the surface of the second pane, which is particularly advantageous when the first pane is an outer pane and the second pane is an inner pane of a vehicle. This helps to avoid potentially distracting glare effects for the vehicle occupants.Furthermore, pleasant lighting conditions are created for the vehicle occupants in the vehicle interior, as light passing through the vehicle window is darkened by the colored thermoplastic interlayer and / or the colored pane as a second pane before entering the vehicle interior. The use of a colored thermoplastic interlayer and / or a colored pane as a second pane also improves thermal comfort for the vehicle occupants. Depending on the choice of material for the scale-like particles, not only can the gloss effect be adjusted, but according to one embodiment of the present invention, the tinting of the vehicle window can also be controlled, allowing for even further improved aesthetic adaptation and coordination of the vehicle window with the overall appearance of the vehicle.

[0018] Furthermore, the vehicle window according to the invention can be recycled more easily compared to a laminated window in which gloss-effect-generating particles are contained in a thermoplastic intermediate layer.

[0019] As described above, the first and second discs each have a first surface and a second surface, and a circumferential side edge running between them. In the vehicle disc according to the invention, the second surface of the first disc and the first surface of the second disc face each other.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the first disc is an outer disc and the second disc is an inner disc. In this case, the first surface of both the first and second discs is an outer surface, and the second surface of both discs is an inner surface. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0021] According to another embodiment, the second disk is an outer disk and the first disk is an inner disk. In this case, the second surface of the first disk and the second disk represents an outer surface, i.e., an external surface, and the first surface of the first disk and the second disk represents an inner surface, i.e., an internal surface.

[0022] For the purposes of this invention, the term "outer surface" refers to the main surface intended to face the external environment when installed. The term "inner surface" refers to the main surface intended to face the interior when installed. In this embodiment, the inner surface of the outer pane and the outer surface of the inner pane face each other. For the purposes of this invention, the term "inner pane" refers to the pane facing the interior (vehicle interior). The term "outer pane" refers to the pane facing the external environment.

[0023] The surfaces of the vehicle windscreen according to this embodiment are typically designated as follows:

[0024] The outer surface of the outer pane is designated as side I. The inner surface of the outer pane is designated as side II. The outer surface of the inner pane is designated as side III. The inner surface of the inner pane is designated as side IV.

[0025] The first and second panes are preferably made of glass, particularly soda-lime glass. However, the first and second panes can also be made of other types of glass, such as quartz glass, borosilicate glass, or aluminosilicate glass, or of rigid clear or tinted plastics, such as polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate. The first and second panes can be clear or tinted independently of each other. If the vehicle window is used as a windshield or as a front side window, the first and second panes should have sufficient light transmission in the central field of vision, preferably at least 70% in the main viewing area A according to ECE-R43. According to one embodiment, the first and second panes are curved, i.e., they have a curvature.

[0026] Preferably, the first pane is a clear pane. Preferably, the clear pane is a clear glass pane. "Clear" in the context of the invention means "uncolored." This means that no dyes or other coloring agents have been intentionally added to impart color. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0027] to produce. Clear panes or clear glass panes are known to experts and commercially available. For example, the clear glass pane can be a soda-lime glass pane. By using a clear pane as the first pane, the gloss effects of the inorganic layer can be particularly easily perceived by an observer starting from the surface of the first pane.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the clear disc has a visible light transmittance of at least 80%, preferably at least 85%, and particularly at least 90%. Preferably, the clear disc has a visible light transmittance of at most 99%, and most preferably at most 95%.

[0029] The transmittance for visible light is determined according to ISO 9050:2003 (see section 3.3 of the standard). Visible light refers to light in the wavelength spectrum from 380 nm to 780 nm. To determine the transmittance for visible light, the relative spectral distribution of luminous type A (see, for example, ISO 11664-2:2007) is used. It is understood that the transmittance values ​​always refer to the transmission of light rays from a first surface to a second surface, or vice versa, of the object under consideration.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second pane is a tinted pane. Preferably, the tinted pane is a tinted glass pane. Tinted panes or tinted glass panes are known to those skilled in the art and are commercially available. The contrast provided by the tinted pane intensifies the gloss effect on the viewer from the first surface of the first pane. Because the second pane is a tinted pane according to this embodiment, the light passing through the vehicle window and striking the first surface of the first pane is darkened. This darkening also reduces the gloss effect for a viewer observing the vehicle window from the second surface of the second pane, which is particularly advantageous if the first pane is an outer pane and the second pane is an inner pane of a vehicle.This prevents potentially distracting glare effects for the vehicle occupants. Furthermore, it creates pleasant lighting conditions for the vehicle interior, as light passing through the windshield is darkened by the tinted glass before entering the interior. Additionally, the use of tinted glass improves thermal comfort for the vehicle occupants. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003- WO-PCT.

[0031] Preferably, the second pane is a colored glass pane. A colored glass pane can be produced, for example, with a standard soda-lime-silicon oxide float glass base composition to which, for example, iron oxide, chromium oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, and / or selenium are added in specific proportions (see, for example, US 5,308,805 A). Such colored glass panes are known to those skilled in the art and are commercially available.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the colored disc has a transmission coefficient for visible light of at most 75% and at least 5%, preferably at most 50% and at least 10%, and particularly preferably at most 40% and at least 20%.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second panes are clear glass panes. In this case, the thermoplastic interlayer is a colored thermoplastic interlayer. Preferably, in this embodiment, the first and second panes have the same glass composition. This means that they are preferably produced from the same glass melt. The same composition offers the advantage that the first and second panes can be subjected to the same process conditions, for example, heat treatment, and / or bent if curvature is desired, which enables a particularly efficient and cost-saving process in the manufacture of the vehicle window.

[0034] The thickness of the first and second panes can vary widely and thus be adapted to the specific requirements. Preferably, the first and second panes each have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 1 mm to 3 mm, and most preferably 1.6 mm to 2.1 mm. For example, the first and second panes each have a thickness of 2.1 mm. However, the first or second pane could also be made of thin glass with a thickness of, for example, 0.55 mm.

[0035] According to one embodiment, at least one of the first disc and the second disc can have further suitable coatings known per se, e.g., anti-reflective coatings, non-stick coatings, scratch-resistant coatings, photocatalytic coatings, reflective coatings, SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0036] Solar control coatings (also known as IR-reflective coatings) and / or heat protection coatings (also known as low-E coatings).

[0037] According to the invention, the vehicle windshield comprises a thermoplastic intermediate layer. Its purpose is to adhesively bond the components of the vehicle windshield between which it is arranged.

[0038] The thermoplastic interlayer is preferably based on polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), or polyurethane (PU), or on mixtures, copolymers, or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably on PVB. This means that the thermoplastic interlayer contains the aforementioned polymer to a large extent (proportion greater than 50 wt%). In addition to the polymer, the thermoplastic interlayer may contain other additives, such as plasticizers, UV absorbers, stabilizers, and / or a dye. If a dye is included in the thermoplastic interlayer, it is referred to as "colored." A colored thermoplastic interlayer has a lower transmittance for visible light compared to a clear thermoplastic interlayer.According to one embodiment, a colored thermoplastic interlayer has a visible light transmittance of at most 70% and at least 0.5%, preferably at most 50% and at least 10%, and particularly preferably at most 40% and at least 20%. According to one embodiment, a clear thermoplastic interlayer has a visible light transmittance of at least 80%, preferably at least 85%, and particularly at least 90%. Preferably, a clear thermoplastic interlayer has a visible light transmittance of at most 99%, and particularly preferably at most 95%.

[0039] The thermoplastic interlayer is preferably formed from at least one thermoplastic film. The thickness of each thermoplastic film is preferably from 0.2 mm to 1 mm. For example, PVB films with standard thicknesses of 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm can be used.

[0040] In one embodiment, the thermoplastic interlayer is a clear thermoplastic interlayer. According to this embodiment, the second disc is then a colored disc. A "clear thermoplastic interlayer" is uncolored. This means that it contains no dye. Clear thermoplastic interlayers are known to those skilled in the art and are commercially available. For example, SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003- WO-PCT

[0041] The clear thermoplastic intermediate layer is formed from a clear thermoplastic film, for example from a clear PVB film.

[0042] In another embodiment, the thermoplastic interlayer is a colored thermoplastic interlayer. Colored thermoplastic interlayers are known to those skilled in the art and are commercially available. Preferably, the colored thermoplastic interlayer is formed from a colored thermoplastic film. The contrast provided by the colored thermoplastic interlayer intensifies the gloss effect for the viewer looking at the first surface of the first pane. Because the thermoplastic interlayer in this embodiment is colored, the light passing through the vehicle window and striking the first surface of the first pane is darkened. This darkening has, among other things,This results in a reduced gloss effect for an observer viewing the vehicle window from the second surface of the second pane, which is particularly advantageous when the first pane is an outer pane and the second pane is an inner pane of a vehicle. This prevents potentially distracting gloss effects for the vehicle occupants. Furthermore, more comfortable lighting conditions are created in the vehicle interior for the occupants, as light passing through the vehicle window is darkened by the colored thermoplastic interlayer before entering the vehicle interior, according to this embodiment. In addition, the use of a colored thermoplastic interlayer improves thermal comfort for the vehicle occupants.

[0043] The colored thermoplastic interlayer contains a dye. Accordingly, the colored PVB film according to one embodiment contains a dye. The dye can be, for example, an ink or a color pigment. An advantage of organic inks, in particular, over inorganic pigments, in particular, is their easier spreadability. However, organic inks are not as stable as inorganic pigments and age more quickly. Inorganic pigments, however, tend to agglomerate more readily than organic inks. Suitable inks or color pigments for the respective application are known to those skilled in the art, so they will not be discussed in detail below. The dye concentration in the dye-containing thermoplastic layer is preferably constant over its entire width, height, and thickness. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0044] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic intermediate layer is in direct contact with the inorganic layer and with the first surface of the second disk. Depending on the embodiment, the close spatial arrangement of the inorganic layer and the contrasting thermoplastic intermediate layer and / or second disk can produce a particularly strong gloss effect.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second pane is a colored pane and the thermoplastic interlayer is a colored thermoplastic interlayer. Due to the strong contrast provided by the colored pane and the colored thermoplastic interlayer in this embodiment, the gloss effect is significantly enhanced for the viewer observing the first surface of the first pane. Furthermore, the light passing through the vehicle window and striking the first surface of the first pane is particularly darkened. This particularly strong darkening has the effect, among others, of significantly reducing the gloss effect for a viewer observing the vehicle window from the second surface of the second pane, which is especially advantageous if the first pane is an outer pane and the second pane is an inner pane of a vehicle.This prevents potentially distracting glare effects for the vehicle occupants. Furthermore, it creates pleasant lighting conditions for the vehicle interior, as light passing through the windshield is significantly dimmed by the tinted windshield and the tinted thermoplastic interlayer before entering the interior, according to this embodiment. In addition, the use of a tinted windshield and a tinted thermoplastic interlayer improves thermal comfort for the vehicle occupants.

[0046] According to the invention, the vehicle window comprises an inorganic layer arranged on at least a part of the second surface of the first window, wherein the inorganic layer comprises scale-like particles.

[0047] The inorganic layer is not particularly restricted as long as it includes the scale-like particles. The scale-like particles create the glossy effect in the vehicle windshield according to the invention. For the purposes of the present invention, "scale-like particles" are particles that have a significantly larger extent in two spatial directions compared to their extent in the wider spatial direction. This means that the scale-like particles each have two main surfaces that are arranged opposite each other, which form the SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0048] exhibit the greatest extent. The length or width of these main surfaces of a given scale-like particle corresponds to the particle size of the scale-like particle in its longest dimension, while the average distance between the main surfaces represents the geometric thickness of the respective scale-like particle. The average distance can be determined at five different measurement points. The average particle size corresponds to the average value of the measured particle size of the scale-like particles. The average geometric thickness of the scale-like particles corresponds to the average value of the measured geometric thickness of the scale-like particles. The particle size and geometric thickness of individual scale-like particles can be determined using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) images.The particle size and geometric thickness can be determined by direct measurement. To determine the average particle size and average geometric thickness of the scale-like particles, at least 200 particles are individually evaluated and the results averaged.

[0049] According to one embodiment, the scale-like particles have an average particle size in the range of 1 pm to 100 pm, preferably from 3 pm to 80 pm, and more preferably from 5 pm to 50 pm. When the scale-like particles have such an average particle size, they can produce a particularly pronounced gloss effect.

[0050] In one embodiment, the scale-like particles have an average geometric thickness in the range of 1 pm to 10 pm, preferably from 2 pm to 8 pm. In this range, the scale-like particles are particularly mechanically stable.

[0051] The material of the scale-like particles is not particularly restricted. Scale-like particles capable of producing a glossy effect are generally known. According to one embodiment, the scale-like particles comprise at least one material selected from aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, iron oxide, glass, potassium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, silver, nickel, gold, titanium, aluminum, nitrides, and oxynitrides. For example, titanium nitride, niobium nitride, and / or silicon nitride can be used as nitrides. For example, tantalum oxynitride and / or silicon oxynitride can be used as oxynitrides. If the scale-like particles comprise glass, the glass can, for example, be used as a core material coated with another material to create a SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0052] to create a glossy effect. The coating can be, for example, a metal. Scale-like particles that can be used in the present invention can be provided, for example, like the glitter particles from US 10,131,761 B2.

[0053] In one embodiment, the scale-like particles comprise at least one of glass flakes, aluminum oxide flakes, silicon oxide flakes, mica flakes, silver flakes, nickel flakes, gold flakes, and titanium flakes. Preferably, the scale-like particles comprise at least one of aluminum oxide flakes, silicon oxide flakes, mica flakes, silver flakes, nickel flakes, gold flakes, and titanium flakes. Mica flakes are further preferred. These materials can easily be used to create the desired lustrous effects.

[0054] Depending on the material chosen for the scale-like particles, not only can the gloss effect be adjusted, but also the potential coloration of the vehicle's windshield. For example, the use of iron oxide can produce red-colored scale-like particles that create a windshield with a reddish sheen. Suitable color pigments are known to experts and can be selected to achieve the desired color. Therefore, the use of these scale-like particles allows for improved aesthetic adaptation and coordination of the windshield with the overall appearance of the vehicle.

[0055] The gloss provided by the vehicle window according to the invention can be measured in gloss units GU according to ISO 2813 using a gloss meter (BYK Gardner).

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, the proportion of scale-like particles in the total composition of the inorganic layer ranges from 0.1 wt.% to 40 wt.%, preferably from 1 wt.% to 30 wt.%. Within this range, a sufficient gloss level can easily be achieved on the vehicle windscreen, while simultaneously providing a mechanically stable inorganic layer.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the further components of the inorganic layer are not particularly restricted. Preferably, the inorganic layer further comprises a matrix in which the scale-like particles are arranged. The matrix enables a very stable arrangement of the scale-like particles in the inorganic layer. According to one embodiment, the matrix comprises at least one oxide, at least one mixed oxide, and / or at least one metal. The at least one oxide preferably comprises at least SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0058] One of the components is aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, iron oxide, potassium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, and zirconium oxide. The at least one mixed oxide preferably comprises at least two of aluminum oxide, bismuth oxide, calcium oxide, iron oxide, potassium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, and zirconium oxide. The metal preferably comprises at least one of silver, nickel, gold, titanium, and aluminum. In contrast to the scale-like particles, the components of the matrix are not scale-like. Depending on the choice of matrix material, a possible coloration of the vehicle windshield can be achieved in addition to or complementing the luster of the scale-like particles. For example, the use of iron oxide can provide a red-colored matrix that can produce a vehicle windshield with a reddish luster.Suitable color pigments are known to experts and can be selected to achieve the desired color. Accordingly, using a potentially colored matrix allows for improved aesthetic adaptation or matching of the vehicle window to the overall appearance of the vehicle.

[0059] By selecting appropriate materials for the scale-like particles and the matrix, a particularly advantageous inorganic layer with a glossy effect and very good mechanical stability can be achieved. Such selection is known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, as described above, the inorganic layer can also be colored by selecting suitable materials, allowing for even better aesthetic adaptation and coordination of the vehicle windshield with the overall appearance of the vehicle.

[0060] In one embodiment, the proportion of the matrix in the total composition of the inorganic layer ranges from 60 wt.% to 99.9 wt.%, preferably from 70 wt.% to 99 wt.%. Within this range, the inorganic layer can have an advantageous proportion of scale-like particles, so that, on the one hand, a sufficient gloss of the vehicle windscreen can be easily achieved, while on the other hand, a mechanically stable inorganic layer can be easily provided.

[0061] According to the invention, the inorganic layer is arranged on at least a portion of the second surface of the first disc. In one embodiment, the inorganic layer is arranged on at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 50%, and particularly at least 90% of the second surface of the first disc. The inorganic layer can also cover the entire second surface of the first disc.

[0062] The inorganic layer is applied to the surface of the first pane. "Full-surface" here means that at least 95% of the second surface of the first pane is covered. A full-surface application of the inorganic layer offers advantages in the manufacturing of the entire vehicle pane. According to one embodiment, the inorganic layer can be arranged in a pattern on the second surface of the first pane. According to another embodiment, the inorganic layer can be arranged with a gradient on the second surface of the first pane. For example, the perimeter edge of the vehicle pane can have a higher density of the inorganic layer than the central area of ​​the vehicle pane. According to one embodiment, the inorganic layer is arranged in a perimeter edge region of the second surface of the first pane. In this way, the inorganic layer can, for example, replace a conventional masking print.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the inorganic layer has a thickness in the range of 1 pm to 50 pm, more preferably from 5 pm to 30 pm. In this range, the inorganic layer exhibits particularly high mechanical stability and can produce a particularly advantageous gloss effect.

[0064] According to one embodiment, the vehicle window further has a sun protection coating and / or a heat protection coating.

[0065] The optional solar control coating reflects portions of the incident solar radiation outside the visible spectral range, particularly in the infrared range. This coating reduces the heating of the vehicle interior caused by direct sunlight. The solar control coating comprises at least one functional layer, preferably containing silver. In a preferred embodiment, the solar control coating comprises at least two or at least three functional layers. Solar control coatings with multiple functional layers enable high reflection of infrared radiation while maintaining a high transmittance for visible light. Preferably, the solar control coating is positioned between the inorganic layer and the thermoplastic intermediate layer and / or between the thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second pane.For example, the sun protection coating can be applied directly to the inorganic layer. A corresponding sequence in the vehicle windshield would then be: first windshield, inorganic layer, sun protection coating, thermoplastic intermediate layer, second windshield. According to another embodiment, the sun protection coating can be applied to the first surface of the second windshield. According to another embodiment, SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT.

[0066] The sun protection coating can be arranged on a film, for example a PET film, which is placed between the first pane and the second pane.

[0067] The thickness of each functional layer of the solar control coating is preferably from 5 nm to 25 nm, and particularly preferably from 10 nm to 20 nm. The total thickness of all functional layers of the solar control coating is preferably from 20 nm to 80 nm, and particularly preferably from 30 nm to 60 nm. Particularly good results with regard to solar control performance and visible light transmittance are achieved in these ranges for the thickness of the individual functional layers and the total thickness of all functional layers. The solar control coating preferably comprises at least one dielectric layer. Each functional layer is particularly preferably arranged between two dielectric layers.The functional layers and the dielectric layers are preferably arranged such that at least one dielectric layer is arranged between two adjacent functional layers, between which no further functional layer is arranged, and that at least one further dielectric layer is arranged above the uppermost functional layer, and that at least one further dielectric layer is arranged below the lowest functional layer.

[0068] The dielectric layers of the sunscreen coating preferably comprise at least silicon nitride. The silicon nitride may contain dopants, in particular aluminum. The dielectric layers preferably have a thickness of 10 nm to 100 nm, particularly preferably 20 nm to 70 nm. However, the dielectric layers of the sunscreen coating may also contain other suitable materials known to those skilled in the art. The dielectric layers are preferably selected from oxides, nitrides, or oxynitrides of one or more elements comprising silicon, aluminum, zinc, tin, zirconium, titanium, bismuth, and / or niobium, e.g., at least one metal oxide such as SnO₂, Bi₂O₃, TiO₂, ZnO, and / or at least one metal nitride such as SiN, Al₂. The sunscreen coating may comprise further layers known to those skilled in the art, e.g., smoothing layers and / or barrier layers.

[0069] The thermal barrier coating according to one embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited. Thermal barrier coatings are known, for example, from WO2013 / 131667A1 or WO2013 / 127563 A1. The thermal barrier coating can also be referred to as a thermal barrier coating or low-emissivity coating (low-e coating). Its purpose is to reflect thermal radiation, i.e., in particular IR radiation with a longer wavelength than the IR component of the SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003- WO-PCT

[0070] Solar radiation. At low outside temperatures, the heat-reflective coating reflects heat back into the interior, reducing the cooling of the vehicle's interior. At high outside temperatures, the heat-reflective coating also reflects the heat radiation from the heated vehicle windshield outwards, reducing the temperature rise in the vehicle's interior. According to this embodiment, the heat-reflective coating is applied to the surface of the vehicle windshield that faces the interior when installed. In one embodiment, when a solar control coating and a heat-reflective coating are used, the vehicle windshield is particularly effective at reducing heat radiation from the windshield into the interior in summer and at reducing heat radiation into the outside environment in winter.

[0071] The thermal insulation coating according to one embodiment preferably comprises at least one functional layer containing a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), preferably indium tin oxide (ITO) or tin oxide (SnO₂), and at least one dielectric layer arranged between these layers. The dielectric layer can, for example, comprise a dielectric oxide or dielectric nitride, such as ZnO, SnZnO, Al₂, TiO₂, SiO₂, or SiA₄N₂.

[0072] According to a further embodiment, the at least one functional layer of the thermal protection coating can comprise fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO2:F), antimony-doped tin oxide (SnO2:Sb), indium-zinc mixed oxide (IZO), gallium-doped or aluminum-doped zinc oxide, niobium-doped titanium oxide, cadmium stannate, and / or zinc stannate. These achieve particularly good results with regard to the emissivity of the thermal protection coating.

[0073] According to one embodiment, the vehicle windscreen is curved in at least one spatial direction. Preferably, the radius of curvature is in a range of approximately 10 cm to approximately 40 m. According to another embodiment, the vehicle windscreen is flat, for example, when it is intended as a windscreen for buses, trains, or tractors.

[0074] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle window has a visible light transmission of at most 60% and at least 0.5%, preferably at most 50% and at least 2%. In this range, particularly pleasant lighting conditions are created for the vehicle occupants in the vehicle interior, since light passing through the vehicle window is filtered before entering the interior. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003- WO-PCT

[0075] The vehicle's interior is darkened. Furthermore, thermal comfort for the vehicle occupants is improved.

[0076] According to one embodiment, the vehicle window is a roof window, a rear window, or a side window, preferably a roof window. For such windows, panes with low visible light transmission can typically be used. The side window is preferably a rear side window. "Rear side window" refers to a side window located in the rear of the vehicle, i.e., not in the driver's or passenger's area. The side window in the driver's or passenger's area, on the other hand, is referred to as the "front side window."

[0077] According to a further aspect, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a vehicle windscreen according to the invention, wherein at least

[0078] a) a stack of layers is provided which includes at least the following sequence:

[0079] a first disk with a first surface and a second surface, an inorganic layer arranged on the second surface of the first disk, the inorganic layer comprising scale-like particles, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and

[0080] a second disk with a first surface and a second surface, wherein the thermoplastic interlayer is a colored thermoplastic interlayer and / or the second disk is a colored disk, and

[0081] b) the stack of layers is joined by lamination.

[0082] The embodiments described above in connection with the vehicle disc according to the invention also apply in the same way to the method according to the invention.

[0083] Materials or products for the first pane, the second pane and the thermoplastic intermediate layer are commercially available and can be selected by a professional.

[0084] The production or application of the inorganic layer to the second surface of the first disc is not particularly restricted. According to one embodiment, the components of the inorganic layer are selected depending on the desired color and gloss effect. The corresponding procedure is known to those skilled in the art. The scale-like particles and the matrix SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT are preferred.

[0085] The inorganic layer is provided and mixed together. The mixture is preferably applied to the second surface of the first disc and baked on. According to one embodiment, the inorganic layer can be provided by applying the mixture to the second surface of the first disc using screen printing and subsequent baking. Preferably, the mixture of scale-like particles and matrix is ​​pressed through a screen printing mesh or stencil, for example, using a rubber squeegee. The screen printing mesh or stencil can have areas that are permeable to the mixture next to areas that are impermeable to the mixture, thereby defining the geometric shape of the inorganic layer.

[0086] According to one embodiment, after the mixture has been printed onto the first disc, it undergoes a heat treatment, whereby the mixture is baked into the second surface of the first disc. The temperature is selected by a person skilled in the art depending on the components of the inorganic layer.

[0087] Lamination of the layer stack can be carried out using conventional lamination processes. For example, so-called autoclave processes can be performed at an elevated pressure of approximately 10 to 15 bar and temperatures of 130 to 145 °C for about two hours. Alternatively, autoclave-free processes are also possible. Vacuum bag or vacuum ring processes, for example, operate at approximately 200 mbar and 80 to 110 °C. The layer stack can also be pressed into a vehicle windshield in a calender between at least one pair of rollers. Plants of this type are known for the production of vehicle windshields and typically have at least one heating tunnel upstream of a press. The temperature during the pressing process is, for example, between 40 to 150 °C. Combinations of calender and autoclave processes have proven particularly effective in practice. Alternatively, vacuum laminators can be used.These consist of one or more heated and evacuated chambers in which the first and second discs are laminated within, for example, about 60 minutes at reduced pressures of 0.01 mbar to 800 mbar and temperatures of 80 °C to 170 °C.

[0088] According to one embodiment, the solar control coating and / or the heat protection coating can each be applied independently of one another by physical vapor deposition (PVD), for example by evaporation, preferably by cathode sputtering, more preferably by magnetic field-assisted SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003- WO-PCT

[0089] Cathode sputtering (“magnetron sputtering”) can be used. Alternatively, the solar control coating and / or the heat protection coating can each be provided independently of one another using other suitable methods, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which are known to those skilled in the art.

[0090] According to a further aspect, the present invention relates to the use of the vehicle window according to the invention as a vehicle roof window, a rear window or a side window, preferably as a vehicle roof window.

[0091] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are purely schematic representations and not to scale. The drawings do not limit the invention in any way.

[0092] They show:

[0093] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the vehicle disc according to the invention.

[0094] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the vehicle disc according to the invention,

[0095] Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the vehicle disc according to the invention,

[0096] Figure 4 shows a SEM image of the second surface of the first disk according to the example.

[0097] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the vehicle windscreen 1 according to the invention. The vehicle windscreen 1 according to this embodiment comprises, in the following order: a first pane 2 with a first surface I and a second surface II, an inorganic layer 3 arranged on the second surface II of the first pane 2, wherein the inorganic layer 3 comprises scale-like particles (not shown here), a thermoplastic intermediate layer 4, and a second pane 5 with a first surface III and a second surface IV, wherein the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 is a colored thermoplastic intermediate layer. The contrast provided by the colored thermoplastic SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0098] The intermediate layer intensifies the gloss effect for the observer viewing the first surface I of the first pane 2. Furthermore, because the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 is colored, it darkens the light passing through the vehicle window 1 and striking the first surface I of the first pane 2. This darkening, among other things, reduces the gloss effect for an observer viewing the vehicle window 1 from the second surface IV of the second pane 5. This is particularly advantageous when the first pane 2 is an outer pane and the second pane 5 is an inner pane of a vehicle. In this way, potentially distracting gloss effects for the vehicle occupants can be avoided.Furthermore, pleasant lighting conditions are created in the vehicle interior for the occupants, as light passing through the vehicle window 1 is darkened by the colored thermoplastic intermediate layer before entering the vehicle interior. In addition, the use of a colored thermoplastic intermediate layer improves thermal comfort for the vehicle occupants.

[0099] The first pane 2 and the second pane 5 are each made of soda-lime glass and have the same glass composition. This identical composition of the glass panes enables a particularly efficient and cost-effective manufacturing process for the vehicle windscreen 1. By using a clear pane as the first pane 2, the gloss effects of the inorganic layer 3 are advantageously more easily perceived when viewing the first surface I of the first pane 2. The inorganic layer 3 is applied across the entire second surface II of the first pane 2. This full-surface application of the inorganic layer 3 offers advantages in the manufacturing of the entire vehicle windscreen 1.

[0100] The inorganic layer 3 comprises the scale-like particles and a matrix in which the scale-like particles are arranged. The scale-like particles produce the glossy effect of the vehicle windscreen 1. The matrix enables a very stable arrangement of the scale-like particles in the inorganic layer 3. In this embodiment, the proportion of the scale-like particles in the total composition of the inorganic layer 3 ranges from 1 wt.% to 30 wt.%. The proportion of the matrix in the total composition of the inorganic layer 3 ranges from 70 wt.% to 99 wt.%. In these ranges, the inorganic layer 3 has an advantageous proportion of scale-like particles, so that, on the one hand, a sufficient gloss of the SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT is easily achieved.

[0101] Vehicle disc 1 can be produced, while a mechanically stable inorganic layer 3 can easily be provided.

[0102] The scale-like particles comprise at least one material selected from aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, iron oxide, glass, potassium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, silver, nickel, gold, titanium, aluminum, nitrides, and oxynitrides. The matrix comprises at least one oxide, at least one mixed oxide, and / or at least one metal.

[0103] The inorganic layer 3 has a thickness ranging from 5 pm to 30 pm. Within this range, the inorganic layer exhibits particularly high mechanical stability and can provide a particularly advantageous gloss effect.

[0104] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the vehicle windscreen 1 according to the invention. The embodiment shown in Figure 2 differs from that shown in Figure 1 in that the second pane 5 is a colored pane, while the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 is a clear thermoplastic intermediate layer. The contrast provided by the colored pane intensifies the gloss effect on the viewer from the first surface I of the first pane 2. Furthermore, because the second pane 5 is colored in this embodiment, the light passing through the vehicle windscreen 1 and striking the first surface I of the first pane 2 is darkened. This darkening has, among other things,This results in a reduced gloss effect for an observer viewing the vehicle window 1 from the second surface IV of the second window 5, which is particularly advantageous if the first window 2 is an outer window and the second window 5 is an inner window of a vehicle. This avoids potentially distracting gloss effects for the vehicle occupants. Furthermore, pleasant lighting conditions are created in the vehicle interior for the occupants, as light passing through the vehicle window 1 is darkened by the tinted window before entering the vehicle interior, according to this embodiment. In addition, the use of a tinted window improves thermal comfort for the vehicle occupants.

[0105] Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the vehicle window 1 according to the invention. The embodiment shown in Figure 3 differs from that shown in Figure 1 in that the second window 5 has a colored SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0106] The gloss effect is significantly enhanced for the observer viewing the first surface I of the first pane 2 due to the strong contrast between the colored pane and the colored thermoplastic interlayer. Furthermore, because the second pane 5 is a colored pane and the thermoplastic interlayer 4 is a colored thermoplastic interlayer, the light passing through the vehicle window 1 and striking the first surface I of the first pane 2 is particularly darkened. This particularly strong darkening has the effect, among others, of significantly reducing the gloss effect for an observer viewing the vehicle window 1 from the second surface IV of the second pane 5. This is especially advantageous if the first pane 2 is an outer pane and the second pane 5 is an inner pane of a vehicle.This prevents potentially distracting glare effects for the vehicle occupants. Furthermore, it creates pleasant lighting conditions for the vehicle occupants inside the vehicle, as light passing through the vehicle window 1 is significantly darkened by the tinted window and the tinted thermoplastic interlayer before entering the vehicle interior, according to this embodiment. In addition, the use of a tinted window and a tinted thermoplastic interlayer improves thermal comfort for the vehicle occupants.

[0107] Figure 4 shows a SEM image of the second surface II of the first disk 2 according to the example below. The scale-like particles 3a and the matrix 3b of the inorganic layer are clearly visible in the SEM image.

[0108] Example

[0109] In this example,

[0110] TL the integrated light transmission according to ISO 9050 (light type A);

[0111] The gloss in gloss units GU according to ISO 2813 is measured at an angle of 20°, 60° or 85° using a gloss meter (BYK Gardner) (starting from the first surface of the first disc).

[0112] A vehicle windscreen 1 according to the invention was manufactured. The vehicle windscreen 1 comprised the following components in the following order:

[0113] a first pane 2 (clear glass pane, 2.1 mm thick, TL: 91%)

[0114] an inorganic layer 3 on the second surface II of the first disc 2SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0115] a clear PVB film 4 (0.76 mm thick)

[0116] a second pane 5 (colored glass pane, VG (Venus grey)10 glass, 2.1 mm thick, TL: 27%)

[0117] To produce the inorganic layer 3, mica flakes were mixed with an oxide matrix, applied to the second surface of the first disk using screen printing, and then fired at a temperature of 650°C. The oxides of the oxide matrix included titanium oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, sodium oxide, and potassium oxide. The thickness of the inorganic layer was 30 pm.

[0118] Properties of the vehicle windscreen according to the invention, as shown in the example above, are shown in Table 1.

[0119] Table 1

[0120]

[0121] The vehicle window according to the example in the invention exhibits a distinct gloss and a low transmittance for visible light. Such a vehicle window can be used particularly advantageously as a vehicle roof window, a rear window, or a side window.

[0122] Figure 4 shows a section of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image taken using FEI Versa3D LoVac of the second surface of the first disc. The scale-like particles 3a and the matrix 3b of the inorganic layer are clearly visible in the SEM image, as described in the example. To acquire the SEM image, a small section was cut out of the vehicle disc 1 described above, delaminated, glued to a sample holder, and coated with platinum from the side with the inorganic layer. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT

[0123] Reference symbol list:

[0124] 1 vehicle window

[0125] 2 first disc

[0126] 3 inorganic layer

[0127] 3a scale-like particles

[0128] 3b Matrix

[0129] 4 thermoplastic intermediate layer

[0130] 5 second disc

[0131] I first surface of the first disk

[0132] II second surface of the first disk

[0133] III first surface of the second disk

[0134] IV second surface of the second disk

Claims

SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT Patent claims 1. Vehicle windscreen (1), comprising in the following order: a first disk (2) with a first surface (I) and a second surface (II), an inorganic layer (3) arranged on at least a part of the second surface (II) of the first disk (2), wherein the inorganic layer (3) comprises scale-like particles (3a), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) and a second disk (5) with a first surface (III) and a second surface (IV), wherein the thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) is a colored thermoplastic intermediate layer and / or the second disk (5) is a colored disk.

2. Vehicle window (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first window (2) is a clear glass window.

3. Vehicle window (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second window (5) is a colored glass window.

4. Vehicle window (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) is a colored thermoplastic intermediate layer.

5. Vehicle windscreen (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inorganic layer (3) has a thickness in a range of 1 pm to 50 pm, preferably from 5 pm to 30 pm.

6. Vehicle disc (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the scale-like particles (3a) have an average particle size in a range of 1 pm to 100 pm.

7. Vehicle windscreen (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the scale-like particles (3a) have an average geometric thickness in the range of 1 pm to 10 pm. SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT 8. Vehicle windscreen (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the scale-like particles (3a) comprise at least one material selected from aluminium oxide, calcium oxide, iron oxide, glass, potassium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, silver, nickel, gold, titanium and aluminium.

9. Vehicle windscreen (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the scale-like particles (3a) are at least one of aluminium oxide scales, silicon oxide scales, mica scales, silver scales, nickel scales, gold scales and titanium scales.

10. Vehicle windscreen (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the proportion of the scale-like particles (3a) in the total composition of the inorganic layer (3) is from 1 wt.% to 30 wt.%.

11. Vehicle windscreen (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the inorganic layer (3) is arranged on at least 50% of the second surface (II) of the first windscreen (2).

12. Vehicle window (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the vehicle window (1) further comprises a sun protection coating and / or a heat protection coating.

13. Vehicle window (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the vehicle window (1) is a vehicle roof window, a rear window or a side window.

14. Method for manufacturing a vehicle windscreen (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein at least a) a stack of layers is provided which includes at least the following sequence: a first disk (2) with a first surface (I) and a second surface (II), an inorganic layer (3) arranged on the second surface (II) of the first disk (2), wherein the inorganic layer (3) comprises scale-like particles (3a), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) and SAINT-GOBAIN SEKURIT FRANCE 2025003-WC-PCT a second disk (5) with a first surface (III) and a second surface (IV), wherein the thermoplastic interlayer (4) is a colored thermoplastic interlayer and / or the second disk (5) is a colored disk, and b) the stack of layers is joined by lamination.

15. Use of the vehicle window (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 as a vehicle roof window, a rear window or a side window.

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