Method and assembly for controlling coil temperature and audio device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/078044
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-27
Smart Images

Figure CN2025078044_27082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR CONTROLLING COIL TEMPERATURE AND AUDIO DEVICETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method and assembly for controlling coil temperature and an audio device including the assembly.BACKGROUND
[0002] Coils are often used in devices such as transformers, inductors, speakers, exciters, and the like to generate or manipulate magnetic fields. For example, a speaker, as a critical component of audio reproduction systems, typically consists of three primary elements: a permanent magnet, a voice coil, and a diaphragm. When audio current flows through the voice coil, electromagnetic interaction induces mechanical vibration of the voice coil within the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. This mechanical vibration is transmitted by the voice coil to its attached diaphragm, which vibrates to generate acoustic waves through periodic air compression and rarefaction.
[0003] During prolonged operation or under conditions of inadequate thermal management, resistive heating in the voice coil may lead to temperature elevation. Excessive thermal exposure may degrade the permanent magnet’s ferromagnetic properties and compromise diaphragm structural integrity, resulting in performance deterioration. In severe cases, thermal runaway may cause component failure with associated safety hazards. Effective measures to prevent coils from overheating therefore constitute a critical consideration for maintaining optimal device performance and ensuring operational reliability. SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0004] The present disclosure proposes a method and assembly for controlling coil temperature and an audio device including the assembly, which enable efficient and accurate coil over-temperature protection with low cost and without additional sensing hardware.
[0005] According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for controlling coil temperature, comprising: acquiring a current voltage of a coil and inputting the current voltage to a first input terminal of a differential amplifier, a second input terminal of the differential amplifier receiving a reference voltage of the coil, wherein the reference voltage and the current voltage of the coil are generated when a constant current provided by a constant current source flows through the coil at a reference temperature and a current temperature, respectively; acquiring a differential voltage output by the differential amplifier at an output terminal of the differential amplifier; determining the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage and the reference temperature; and adjusting a gain of a driving circuit to control output power of the coil based on a comparison of the current temperature of the coil with a first temperature threshold.
[0006] According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided an assembly for controlling coil temperature, comprising: a constant current source for providing a constant current to a coil; a differential amplifier having a first input terminal for receiving a current voltage of the coil and a second input terminal for receiving a reference voltage of the coil, wherein the reference voltage and the current voltage of the coil are generated when the constant current flows through the coil at a reference temperature and a current temperature, respectively; a temperature control circuit configured to acquire a differential voltage output by the differential amplifier, the temperature control circuit comprising: a temperature determination module configured to determine the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage and the reference temperature; and a control module configured to adjusting a gain of a driving circuit to control output power of the coil based on a comparison of the current temperature of the coil with a first temperature threshold.
[0007] According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, there is provided an audio device, comprising: a memory; at least one processor; at least one speaker, each of which comprises a coil; and the assembly for controlling coil temperature described in the aforementioned aspects.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] The above and other objects, features and advantages of embodiments of the present disclosure will become obvious from the following detailed description of embodiments of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, constitute a part of the specification, explain the present disclosure together with the embodiments of the present disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the drawings, like reference numerals generally represent like components or steps.
[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary arrangement of a coil protection module (CPM) within a device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates a flowchart of a method for controlling coil temperature according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an assembly for controlling coil temperature according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of an audio device incorporating an assembly for controlling coil temperature according to an example of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates a process of controlling coil temperature for an audio device according to an example of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of an architecture of an exemplary audio device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0015] In order to make objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and thoroughly with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, these described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present disclosure without paying creative efforts fall into the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[0016] As used herein and in the claims, the words “a” , “an” , “one” , and / or “the” do not refer to the singular, but may include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms “comprise” and “include” only imply the inclusion of steps and elements specifically identified, these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list and a method or apparatus may also contain other steps or elements.
[0017] Flowcharts are used herein to illustrate steps of a method according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that preceding or subsequent steps do not have to be performed exactly in order. Rather, various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously, as desired. Meanwhile, other steps may also be added to the method, or certain step or steps may be removed from the method.
[0018] Hereinafter, coils in audio systems are usually used as an illustrative example for description without limiting the present disclosure in any aspect. It should be appreciated that the method and assembly for controlling coil temperature described in the present disclosure may be fundamentally suitable for implementation in various electromagnetic devices incorporating coil components, including but not limited to: audio systems, power transformers, industrial inductors, electromechanical actuators, motors and the like.
[0019] In audio systems, electromechanical or electromagnetic (EM) transducers including but not limited to speakers, exciters, and vibration generators (commonly implemented in automotive audio systems, e.g., seat shakers) universally incorporate coil components as essential electromechanics conversion elements. Current implementations exhibit insufficient protection mechanisms against over-temperature of coils in EM transducers such as speakers, exciters, and shakers, which may lead to equipment performance degradation, equipment failure, and even security risks.
[0020] At present, coil over-temperature protection may include power integrated circuit (IC) -based protection, voltage-based protection, output power-based protection, sensor-based protection, and the like. The principal limitation of Power IC-based protection resides in its primary protection being restricted to IC components rather than providing direct thermal protection for coils, such as those in speakers, exciters, and shakers. Voltage-based protection may reduce music experience, for example, users may complain of low sound or weak vibration. Output power-based protection may not affect transient voltage but will reduce long-term power and sometimes cannot protect the coils properly. Sensor-based protection requires additional sensors, harnesses, and connectors for thermal monitoring, which is cost-ineffective and mechanically complex.
[0021] To solve the above problems, the present disclosure proposes a method and assembly for controlling coil temperature and an audio device including the assembly, which enable efficient and accurate coil over-temperature protection with low cost and without additional sensing hardware.
[0022] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary arrangement of a coil protection module (CPM) within a device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, the device 100 may be an audio device, for example, or any other device incorporating EM transduces. In the example of FIG. 1, the device 100 may include a System on Chip (SoC) , a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) or a Microcontroller Unit (MCU) 102, a driver IC (e.g., Class A / B Power IC, Class D Power IC, etc. ) 104, and an EM transducer 106 such as a speaker, exciter or shaker.
[0023] The device 100 may receive inputs such as audio signals from an audio source. If the audio source is a random source without proper power conditioning and protection, or the device 100 keeps working for a long time, overheating may occur in coils of the EM transducer 106. According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a coil protection module (CPM) 102_1 may be arranged in the SoC / DSP 102 to prevent the coils of the EM transducer 106 from over temperature. The CPM 102_1 may be configured to perform the method for controlling coil temperature or implement the assembly for controlling coil temperature proposed by the present disclosure, as will be described below in further detail.
[0024] FIG. 2 illustrates a flowchart of a method 200 for controlling coil temperature according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The method 200 may be performed by a SoC / DSP of a device or system incorporating a coil to prevent the coil from over temperature. As described above, the device or system may be any device or system including an EM transducer such as a speaker, an exciter or a shaker, and the coil may be a coil of the EM transducer. In particular, the device or system may be an audio device or an audio system including a speaker, and the coil may be a voice coil of the speaker.
[0025] Usually, a coil may be made of a metal material with a positive temperature coefficient, such as copper or aluminum. As the temperature increases, a resistance of the coil with a positive temperature coefficient will increase. Therefore, the resistance and a related voltage of the coil may reflect the temperature of the coil. The method 200 may realize coil temperature monitoring by measuring a resistance or a voltage of the coil.
[0026] In step S202, a current voltage of the coil may be acquired and input to a first input terminal of a differential amplifier. A second input terminal of the differential amplifier may receive a reference voltage of the coil. A constant current source is used to provide a constant current to the coil. The reference voltage may be generated and recorded when the constant current flows through the coil at a reference temperature, and may be pre-stored in a memory such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM) or an Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM) together with the reference temperature. The reference temperature may be a specific ambient temperature, for example, 20℃ or 25℃, which is not particularly limited in the present disclosure. After the coil is operated for a period of time, the coil temperature may increase, resulting in a resistance change and thus a voltage change of the coil. A voltage of the coil at any moment, which may be referred to as a current voltage, may be generated when the constant current flows through the coil at a current temperature.
[0027] The differential amplifier may receive the current voltage and the reference voltage of the coil, compare them, and output a differential voltage between the current voltage and the reference voltage. For the convenience of voltage comparison, the same constant current is provided to the coil at both the reference temperature and the current temperature. Furthermore, to reduce implementation complexity and improve accuracy, the reference voltage and the current voltage may be generated by supplying power to the coil with the same constant current source when no input signal is provided to the coil. For example, when the coil is a coil in a speaker, an exciter or a seat shaker in an audio system, temperature detection may be performed when no audio signal is output by the audio system. However, it should be appreciated that temperature detection may also be performed when input signals are provided to the coil with proper adaptive adjustments, which are omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
[0028] In step S204, a differential voltage output by the differential amplifier may be acquired at an output terminal of the differential amplifier. The differential voltage represents a difference between the current voltage and the reference voltage. Specifically, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) may be used to sample at the output terminal of the differential amplifier to acquire the differential voltage, which is converted from an analog signal into a digital signal by the ADC.
[0029] Then, in step S206, the current temperature of the coil may be determined based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, and the reference temperature. A relationship between resistance and temperature of the coil may be described as: R=R0 (1+α (T-T0) ) (1) where R0 is a reference resistance of the coil at the reference temperature T0, R is the current resistance of the coil at the current temperature T, and α is the temperature coefficient of the coil.
[0030] Equation (1) may be transformed to obtain:
[0031] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the current temperature of the coil may be determined based on Equation (2) . Specifically, a resistance change value of the coil may be calculated based on the differential voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and the constant current, as follows: where Vadc is the differential voltage acquired by the ADC, Av is the amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and Ic is the constant current provided by the constant current source.
[0032] According to the second item of Equation (2) , a temperature change value of the coil may be determined based on the resistance change value, the reference resistance, and the temperature coefficient of the coil. The reference resistance is the resistance of the coil at the reference temperature, and may be recorded and pre-stored in a memory such as a ROM and EEPROM together with the constant current. Then, the current temperature of the coil may be determined based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature.
[0033] Equation (2) may be further transformed to obtain: where V0 is the reference voltage of the coil at the reference temperature and the constant current.
[0034] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the current temperature of the coil may be determined based on Equation (4) . Specifically, a temperature change value of the coil may be determined based on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and a temperature coefficient of the coil. Then, the current temperature of the coil may be determined based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature. In this case, only the reference voltage, rather than the reference resistance of the coil and the constant current, is measured and pre-stored in the memory. Considering that resistance is usually measured indirectly by measuring voltage, and that the differential amplifier requires the reference voltage as input, this reduces additional voltage-to-resistance and resistance-to-voltage conversions, and thus provides a more concise and efficient implementation.
[0035] After determining the current temperature of the coil, in step S208, the current temperature may be compared with a first temperature threshold. If the current temperature of the coil exceeds the first temperature threshold, a gain of a driving circuit for the coil may be reduced. The reduced gain may lead to reduced output power of the coil, and thus the coil temperature may be decreased gradually. In severe cases, if the current temperature of the coil exceeds a second temperature threshold, indicating a significant safety hazard, the coil may be deactivated. For example, a speaker incorporating the coil or all speakers may be muted. In this way, the EM transducer such as the speaker, exciter or shaker may be ensured to work in a safe output range without causing coil overheating or even potential safety hazards. Herein, the first and second temperature thresholds may be set according to practical design requirements or empirical parameters, which are not particularly limited in the present disclosure. Furthermore, if the coil temperature falls back within a safe range, for example, smaller than the second temperature threshold or the first temperature threshold, the coil may be activated or the gain may be increased.
[0036] The method 200 for controlling coil temperature may be applied in any electromagnetic devices or systems incorporating coil components, including but not limited to audio systems such as home / commercial audio systems and car audio systems, power transformers, industrial inductors, electromechanical actuators, motors, and the like. The method 200 may realize accurate temperature detection without the need for additional sensing hardware such as thermal couples, and thus is easier to realize. A differential amplifier is adopted in the method 200 to recognize slight resistance changes in the coil due to temperature changes, which can eliminate environmental influences and detect the coil temperature more accurately. Furthermore, the method 200 can be readily integrated into existing hardware designs, such as SoCs, DSPs, MCUs, power ICs, driver ICs, and the like, and thus incurs very little additional cost.
[0037] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an assembly 300 for controlling coil temperature according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be appreciated that components and connections therebetween shown in FIG. 3 are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure in any sense. In addition, blocks shown in FIG. 3 are only functional blocks rather than actual hardware blocks, and internal connection relationships within the blocks are omitted for the sake of brevity.
[0038] The assembly 300 for controlling coil temperature may be integrated into an SoC / DSP of a device or system incorporating a coil to prevent the coil from over temperature. As described above, the device or system may be any device or system including an EM transducer such as a speaker, an exciter or a shaker, and the coil may be a coil of the EM transducer. In particular, the device or system may be an audio device or audio system including a speaker, and the coil may be a voice coil of the speaker.
[0039] As shown in FIG. 3, the assembly 300 may include a constant current source 302 for providing a constant current to the coil, a differential amplifier 304, and a temperature control circuit 306. It should be appreciated that the assembly 300 may include more or fewer components than those illustrated in FIG. 3, depending on practical design requirements.
[0040] The differential amplifier 304 may have a first input terminal for receiving a current voltage of the coil and a second input terminal for receiving a reference voltage of the coil. The reference voltage may be generated and recorded when the constant current flows through the coil at a reference temperature, and may be pre-stored in a memory such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM) or an Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM) together with the reference temperature. Optionally, the assembly 300 may further include a memory 308 for storing the reference voltage or other values used to derive the reference voltage. Alternatively, the memory 308 may be a memory of the device incorporating the assembly 300. To acquire the reference voltage for input to the second input terminal of the differential amplifier 304, the temperature control circuit 306 may include a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 306_4 configured to acquire the reference voltage from the memory 308, convert it to an analog voltage for input to the second input terminal of the differential amplifier 304.
[0041] The reference temperature may be a specific ambient temperature, for example, 20℃ or 25℃, which is not particularly limited in the present disclosure. After the coil is operated for a period of time, the coil temperature may increase, resulting in a resistance change and thus a voltage change of the coil. A voltage of the coil at any moment, which may be referred to as a current voltage, may be generated when the constant current flows through the coil at a current temperature.
[0042] The differential amplifier 304 may receive the current voltage and the reference voltage of the coil, compare them, and output a differential voltage between the current voltage and the reference voltage. For the convenience of voltage comparison, the same constant current is provided to the coil at both the reference temperature and the current temperature. Furthermore, to reduce implementation complexity and improve accuracy, the reference voltage and the current voltage may be generated by supplying power to the coil with the same constant current source when no input signal is provided to the coil. For example, when the coil is a coil in a speaker, an exciter or a seat shaker in an audio system, temperature detection may be performed when no audio signal is output by the audio system. However, it should be appreciated that temperature detection may also be performed when input signals are provided to the coil with proper adaptive adjustments, which are omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
[0043] The temperature control circuit 306 may acquire a differential voltage output by the differential amplifier 304 at an output terminal of the differential amplifier. The differential voltage represents a difference between the current voltage and the reference voltage. Specifically, the temperature control circuit 306 may include an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 306_3 configured to sample at the output terminal of the differential amplifier 304 to acquire the differential voltage, which is converted from an analog signal into a digital signal by the ADC 306_3.
[0044] The temperature control circuit 306 may include a temperature determination module 306_1 and a control module 306_2. The temperature determination module 306_1 may be configured to determine the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, and the reference temperature.
[0045] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the temperature determination module 306_1 may determine the current temperature of the coil based on the above Equation (2) . Specifically, the temperature determination module 306_1 may calculate a resistance change value of the coil based on the differential voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and the constant current according to the above Equation (3) . Then, according to the second item of Equation (2) , the temperature determination module 306_1 may calculate a temperature change value of the coil based on the resistance change value, the reference resistance, and the temperature coefficient of the coil. The reference resistance is the resistance of the coil at the reference temperature, and may be recorded and pre-stored in the memory 308 together with the constant current. Then, the current temperature of the coil may be determined based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature.
[0046] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the temperature determination module 306_1 may determine the current temperature of the coil based on the above Equation (4) . Specifically, the temperature determination module 306_1 may determine a temperature change value of the coil based on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and a temperature coefficient of the coil. Then, the temperature determination module 306_1 may determine the current temperature of the coil based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature. In this case, only the reference voltage, rather than the reference resistance of the coil and the constant current, is measured and pre-stored in the memory 308. Considering that resistance is usually measured indirectly by measuring voltage, and that the differential amplifier requires the reference voltage as input, this reduces additional voltage-to-resistance and resistance-to-voltage conversions, and thus provides a more concise and efficient implementation.
[0047] After determining the current temperature of the coil, the control module 306_2 may compare the current temperature with a first temperature threshold. If the current temperature of the coil exceeds the first temperature threshold, the control module 306_2 may control to reduce a gain of a corresponding driving circuit for the coil. The reduced gain may lead to reduced output power of the coil, and thus the coil temperature may be decreased gradually. In severe cases, if the current temperature of the coil exceeds a second temperature threshold, indicating a significant safety hazard, the control module 306_2 may control to deactivate the coil. For example, the control module 306_2 may control to mute a speaker incorporating the coil or all speakers. In this way, the EM transducer such as the speaker, exciter or shaker may be ensured to work in a safe output range without causing coil overheating or even potential safety hazards. Herein, the first and second temperature thresholds may be set according to practical design requirements or empirical parameters, which are not particularly limited in the present disclosure. Furthermore, if the coil temperature falls back within a safe range, for example, smaller than the second temperature threshold or the first temperature threshold, the control module 306_2 may control to activate the coil or increase the gain.
[0048] A specific logic for the control module 302_2 to control the gain of the driving circuit for the coil may be predetermined, for example, in a control table. The control table may define the first and second temperature thresholds, a folding rate of the gain, a control mode of the gain, and the like. For example, the control mode may include, among others, a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) mode. If the PID mode is selected, the control module 302_2 may reduce the gain by means of PID conditioning. For this, the control module 302_2 may include a PID controller configured to receive real-time coil temperature as feedback to control the gain, thereby realizing precise feedback control of coil temperature.
[0049] A device or system usually may include a plurality of EM transducers. For example, an audio device may include a plurality of speakers. In other words, more than one coil needed to be monitored for temperature. Optionally, the assembly 300 may further include a multiplexer (MUX) 310 configured to select the coil to be monitored from a plurality of channels of coils.
[0050] The assembly 300 for controlling coil temperature may be applied in any electromagnetic devices or systems incorporating coil components, including but not limited to audio systems such as home / commercial audio systems and car audio systems, power transformers, industrial inductors, electromechanical actuators, motors and the like. The assembly 300 may realize accurate temperature detection without the need for additional sensing hardware such as thermal couples, and thus is easier to realize. A differential amplifier is adopted in the assembly 300 to recognize slight resistance changes of the coil due to temperature changes, which can eliminate environmental influences and detect the coil temperature more accurately. Furthermore, the assembly 300 can be readily integrated into existing hardware designs, such as SoCs, DSPs, MCUs, power ICs, driver ICs, and the like, and thus incurs very little additional cost.
[0051] An audio device including a plurality of speakers will be taken as an example below for description. FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of an audio device 400 incorporating an assembly for controlling coil temperature according to an example of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be appreciated that components and connections therebetween shown in FIG. 4 are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure in any sense. The audio device 400 may include additional components (e.g., a memory) than those shown in FIG. 4, but since the additional components are less relevant to the gist of the present disclosure, the specific illustration and description thereof are omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
[0052] In the example of FIG. 4, the audio device 400 may include a plurality of speakers 412, each of which includes a voice coil (not shown) . The audio device 400 further includes an assembly for controlling coil temperature, which may include a constant current source 402, a differential amplifier 404, a temperature control circuit 406, a multiplexer (MUX) 410, and optionally, a memory 408. Alternatively, the memory 408 may be a component of the audio device 400 that is outside of the assembly for controlling coil temperature. Functions of the components 402-410 are similar to the components 302-310 described above with reference to FIG. 3, and thus details thereof will not be repeatedly described herein.
[0053] The audio device 400 may include a processor such as the DSP 414 shown in FIG. 4. The DSP 414 may be configured to perform audio signal processing such as equalization, filtering, dynamic range compression, audio enhancement, noise reduction, echo cancellation, audio restoration an optimization, and the like. In particular, the DSP 414 may include gain setting 414_1 (shown as “Gain” ) and mute setting 414_2 (shown as “Mute” ) . The temperature control circuit 406 may be or may be embodied on a microcontroller unit (MCU) , for example.
[0054] The multiplexer 410 may select one output channel from the plurality of channels of speakers for temperature detection. That is, a voice coil of one of the plurality of speakers 412 may be selected by the multiplexer 410 for temperature detection. If the temperature determination module 406_1 determines that a coil temperature of the voice coil exceeds a first temperature threshold, the control module 406_2 may send a command to the gain setting 414_1 to reduce the gain of the corresponding speaker, thereby decreasing the coil temperature gradually to ensure that the speaker may work in a safe output range without causing coil overheating. If the temperature determination module 406_1 determines that the coil temperature of the voice coil exceeds a second temperature threshold, indicating a significant safety hazard, the control module 406_2 may send a command to the mute setting 414_2 to mute the corresponding speaker, or even all speakers in severe cases. Furthermore, if the temperature determination module 406_1 determines that the coil temperature falls back within a safe range, for example, smaller than the second temperature threshold or the first temperature threshold, the control module 406_2 may unmute the speaker (s) via the mute setting 414_2 or increase the gain via the gain setting 414_1.
[0055] FIG. 5 illustrates a process of controlling coil temperature for the audio device 400 according to an example of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. To reduce implementation complexity and improve accuracy, the audio device 400 may start temperature detection when no audio signal is output by the speakers. At 502, it may be decided whether there is an audio output, and if yes, the multiplexer 410 may select one output channel for temperature detection at 504. At 506, DAC 406_4 may acquire the reference voltage from the memory 408, and convert it to an analog voltage for input to the second input terminal of the differential amplifier 404. At 508, the differential voltage may be read from the ADC 406_3, which represents a difference between a current voltage of the voice coil and the reference voltage. At 510, the temperature determination module 406_1 may calculate a current temperature of the voice coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, and the reference temperature. At 512, the control module 406_2 may decide if the current temperature is acceptable, and if the current temperature of the voice coil exceeds the first temperature threshold, control to reduce a gain of the corresponding speaker. Otherwise, if the current temperature of the voice coil exceeds the second temperature threshold, the control module 406_2 may control to mute the corresponding speaker or all speakers.
[0056] In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an audio device comprising a memory, at least one processor, at least one speaker, each of which includes a coil, and an assembly for controlling coil temperature as described above with reference to FIG. 3. Tn audio device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be realized by means of an architecture of an exemplary audio device shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of an architecture of an exemplary audio device 600 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, the audio device 600 may include one or more audio acquisition components 602, a bus 604, one or more processors 606, a Read-Only Memory (ROM) 608, a Random Access Memory (RAM) 610, a communication interface 612 connected to a network, one or more audio playback components 614, and the like.
[0057] The one or more audio acquisition components 602 may be, for example, one or more microphones, which can acquire audio signals. The one or more audio playback components 614 may be, for example, one or more speakers, which may play audio signals received or processed by the audio device 600. The audio device 600 may be connected, via the communication interface 612, to a network such as WiFi, Bluetooth, 4G or 5G wireless network, etc., to receive audio signals or control signaling from the network, or to send audio signals to the network.
[0058] A storage device in the audio device 600, such as the ROM 608 and the RAM 610, may store various data or files used by the device for processing and / or communication, as well as program instructions to be executed by the processors 606. In some cases, the audio device 600 may also include a user interface (not shown) . It should be appreciated that the architecture shown in FIG. 6 is only exemplary, and one or more components of the audio device 600 shown in FIG. 6 may be omitted according to practical requirements. The audio device 600 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be configured to perform the method for controlling coil temperature according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, or to implement the assembly for controlling coil temperature according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0059] The following is a non-limiting list of examples that are in accordance with one or more techniques of this disclosure.
[0060] Example 1. A method for controlling coil temperature, comprising: acquiring a current voltage of a coil and inputting the current voltage to a first input terminal of a differential amplifier, a second input terminal of the differential amplifier receiving a reference voltage of the coil, wherein the reference voltage and the current voltage of the coil are generated when a constant current provided by a constant current source flows through the coil at a reference temperature and a current temperature, respectively; acquiring a differential voltage output by the differential amplifier at an output terminal of the differential amplifier; determining the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage and the reference temperature; and adjusting a gain of a driving circuit to control output power of the coil based on comparison of the current temperature of the coil with a first temperature threshold.
[0061] Example 2. The method of Example 1, further comprising: deactivating or activating the coil based on a comparison of the current temperature of the coil with a second temperature threshold.
[0062] Example 3. The method of any of Examples 1-2, wherein acquiring the differential voltage output by the differential amplifier at the output terminal of the differential amplifier comprises: sampling, by using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) , at the output terminal of the differential amplifier to acquire the differential voltage.
[0063] Example 4. The method of claim any of Examples 1-3, wherein determining the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, and the reference temperature comprises: determining a temperature change value of the coil based on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier and a temperature coefficient of the coil; and determining the current temperature of the coil based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature.
[0064] Example 5. The method of any of Examples 1-4, wherein determining the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, and the reference temperature comprises: determining a resistance change value of the coil based on the differential voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier and the constant current; determining a temperature change value of the coil based on the resistance change value, a reference resistance and a temperature coefficient of the coil, wherein the reference resistance is a resistance of the coil at the reference temperature; and determining the current temperature of the coil based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature.
[0065] Example 6. The method of any of Examples 1-5, wherein the coil is a coil in a speaker, an exciter, or a seat shaker in an audio system.
[0066] Example 7. The method of any of Examples 1-6, wherein the reference voltage and the current voltage are generated by supplying power to the coil with the constant current source when no audio signal is provided to the coil.
[0067] Example 8. An assembly for controlling coil temperature, comprising: a constant current source for providing a constant current to a coil; a differential amplifier having a first input terminal for receiving a current voltage of the coil and a second input terminal for receiving a reference voltage of the coil, wherein the reference voltage and the current voltage of the coil are generated when the constant current flows through the coil at a reference temperature and a current temperature, respectively; a temperature control circuit configured to acquire a differential voltage output by the differential amplifier, the temperature control circuit comprising: a temperature determination module configured to determine the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage and the reference temperature; and a control module configured to adjust a gain of a driving circuit to control output power of the coil based on comparison of the current temperature of the coil with a first temperature threshold.
[0068] Example 9. The assembly of Example 8, wherein the control module is further configured to: deactivate or activate the coil based on a comparison of the current temperature of the coil with a second temperature threshold.
[0069] Example 10. The assembly of any of Examples 8-9, wherein the temperature control circuit comprises an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to sample at an output terminal of the differential amplifier to acquire the differential voltage.
[0070] Example 11. The assembly of any of Examples 8-10, wherein the temperature control circuit comprises a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to input the reference voltage from a memory to the second input terminal of the differential amplifier.
[0071] Example 12. The assembly of any of Examples 8-11, wherein the temperature determination module is further configured to: determine a temperature change value of the coil based on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and a temperature coefficient of the coil; and determine the current temperature of the coil based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature.
[0072] Example 13. The assembly of any of Examples 8-12, wherein the temperature determination module is further configured to: determine a resistance change value of the coil based on the differential voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and the constant current; read a reference resistance of the coil from a memory, wherein the reference resistance is a resistance of the coil at the reference temperature; determine a temperature change value of the coil based on the resistance change value, the reference resistance and a temperature coefficient of the coil; and determine the current temperature of the coil based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature.
[0073] Example 14. The assembly of any of Examples 8-13, wherein the assembly for controlling coil temperature further comprises a multiplexer configured to select the coil from a plurality of channels of coils.
[0074] Example 15. The assembly of any of Examples 8-14, wherein the coil is a coil in a speaker, an exciter, or a seat shaker in an audio system.
[0075] Example 16. The assembly of any of Examples 8-15, wherein the reference voltage and the current voltage are generated by supplying power to the coil with the constant current source when no audio signal is provided to the coil.
[0076] Example 17. An audio device, comprising: a memory; at least one processor; at least one speaker, each of which comprises a coil; and the assembly for controlling coil temperature of any of Examples 8-16.
[0077] It is to be recognized that depending on the examples, certain acts or events of any of the techniques described herein can be performed in a different sequence, may be added, merged, or left out altogether (e.g., not all described acts or events are necessary for the practice of the techniques) . Moreover, in certain examples, acts or events may be performed concurrently, e.g., through multi-threaded processing, interrupt processing, or multiple processors, rather than sequentially.
[0078] Program portions of the technology may be considered to be “product” or “article” that exists in the form of executable codes and / or related data, which are embodied or implemented by a computer-readable medium. A tangible, permanent storage medium may include an internal memory, or a storage used by computers, processors, or similar devices or associated modules. For example, various semiconductor memories, tape drivers, disk drivers, or any similar devices capable of providing storage functionality for software.
[0079] All software or parts of it may sometimes communicate over a network, such as the Internet or other communication networks. Such communication can load software from one computer device or processor to another. For example, loading from one server or host computer to a hardware environment of one computer environment, or other computer environment implementing the system, or a system having a similar function associated with providing information needed for the communication method. Therefore, another medium capable of transmitting software elements can also be used as a physical connection between local devices, such as light waves, electric waves, electromagnetic waves, etc., to be propagated through cables, optical cables, or air. A physical medium used for carrying the waves such as cables, wireless connections, or fiber optic cables may also be considered as a medium for carrying the software. In usage herein, unless a tangible “storage” medium is defined, other terms referring to a computer or machine “readable medium” mean a medium that participates in execution of any instruction by the processor.
[0080] The present application uses specific words to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. Reference to “an embodiment, ” “one or more embodiments, ” and / or “some embodiments” means a feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that two or more references to “an embodiment, ” “one embodiment, ” or “an alternative embodiment” in various places throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics may be combined as suitable in one or more embodiments of the application.
[0081] Moreover, one skilled in the art will appreciate that aspects of the present disclosure may be illustrated and described in terms of a number of patentable categories or instances, including any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or combination of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof. Accordingly, aspects of the present disclosure may be performed entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc. ) , or by a combination of hardware and software. The above hardware or software may each be referred to as a “data block, ” “module, ” “engine, ” “unit, ” “component, ” or “system. ” Furthermore, aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied as a computer product embodied in one or more computer-readable media including computer-readable program code.
[0082] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
[0083] While various embodiments of the disclosure have been described, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible that are within the scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, the disclosure is not to be restricted except in light of the attached claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1.A method for controlling coil temperature, comprising:acquiring a current voltage of a coil and inputting the current voltage to a first input terminal of a differential amplifier, a second input terminal of the differential amplifier receiving a reference voltage of the coil, wherein the reference voltage and the current voltage of the coil are generated when a constant current provided by a constant current source flows through the coil at a reference temperature and a current temperature, respectively;acquiring a differential voltage output by the differential amplifier at an output terminal of the differential amplifier;determining the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, and the reference temperature; andadjusting a gain of a driving circuit to control output power of the coil based on a comparison of the current temperature of the coil with a first temperature threshold.2.The method of claim 1, further comprising:deactivating or activating the coil based on a comparison of the current temperature of the coil with a second temperature threshold.3.The method of claim 1, wherein acquiring the differential voltage output by the differential amplifier at the output terminal of the differential amplifier comprises:sampling, by using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) , at the output terminal of the differential amplifier to acquire the differential voltage.4.The method of claim 1, wherein determining the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, and the reference temperature comprises:determining a temperature change value of the coil based on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and a temperature coefficient of the coil; anddetermining the current temperature of the coil based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature.5.The method of claim 1, wherein determining the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, and the reference temperature comprises:determining a resistance change value of the coil based on the differential voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and the constant current;determining a temperature change value of the coil based on the resistance change value, a reference resistance, and a temperature coefficient of the coil, wherein the reference resistance is a resistance of the coil at the reference temperature; anddetermining the current temperature of the coil based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature.6.The method of claim 1, wherein the coil is a coil in a speaker, an exciter, or a seat shaker in an audio system.7.The method of claim 6, wherein the reference voltage and the current voltage are generated by supplying power to the coil with the constant current source when no audio signal is provided to the coil.8.An assembly for controlling coil temperature, comprising:a constant current source for providing a constant current to a coil;a differential amplifier having a first input terminal for receiving a current voltage of the coil and a second input terminal for receiving a reference voltage of the coil, wherein the reference voltage and the current voltage of the coil are generated when the constant current flows through the coil at a reference temperature and a current temperature, respectively; anda temperature control circuit configured to acquire a differential voltage output by the differential amplifier, the temperature control circuit comprising:a temperature determination module configured to determine the current temperature of the coil based at least on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, and the reference temperature; anda control module configured to adjust a gain of a driving circuit to control output power of the coil based on a comparison of the current temperature of the coil with a first temperature threshold.9.The assembly of claim 8, wherein the control module is further configured to:deactivate or activate the coil based on a comparison of the current temperature of the coil with a second temperature threshold.10.The assembly of claim 8, wherein the temperature control circuit comprises an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to sample at an output terminal of the differential amplifier to acquire the differential voltage.11.The assembly of claim 8, wherein the temperature control circuit comprises a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to input the reference voltage from a memory to the second input terminal of the differential amplifier.12.The assembly of claim 8, wherein the temperature determination module is further configured to:determine a temperature change value of the coil based on the differential voltage, the reference voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and a temperature coefficient of the coil; anddetermine the current temperature of the coil based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature.13.The assembly of claim 8, wherein the temperature determination module is further configured to:determine a resistance change value of the coil based on the differential voltage, an amplification gain of the differential amplifier, and the constant current;read a reference resistance of the coil from a memory, wherein the reference resistance is a resistance of the coil at the reference temperature;determine a temperature change value of the coil based on the resistance change value, the reference resistance, and a temperature coefficient of the coil; anddetermine the current temperature of the coil based on the temperature change value and the reference temperature.14.The assembly of claim 8, wherein the assembly for controlling coil temperature further comprises a multiplexer configured to select the coil from a plurality of channels of coils.15.The assembly of claim 8, wherein the coil is a coil in a speaker, an exciter, or a seat shaker in an audio system.16.The assembly of claim 15, wherein the reference voltage and the current voltage are generated by supplying power to the coil with the constant current source when no audio signal is provided to the coil.17.An audio device, comprising:a memory;at least one processor;at least one speaker, each of which comprises a coil; andthe assembly for controlling coil temperature of any of claims 8-16.