Alternating-current submarine cable, and monitoring system and monitoring method therefor

Abstract

An alternating-current submarine cable, and a monitoring system and monitoring method therefor. The alternating-current submarine cable comprises: at least two cable segments; at least one factory joint, two adjacent cable segments being connected by means of the factory joint; and measurement members, arranged on the corresponding cable segments and used for measuring the temperatures of the corresponding cable segments. The measurement members are used to measure the temperature of the submarine cable to obtain real-time temperatures of the cable segments, so that an operator can regulate, on the basis of real-time temperature information, a current flowing through the submarine cable, so as to control the temperatures of the cable segments, thereby reducing the impact of cable heating on the cable while ensuring power transmission, and prolonging the service life of the cable.

Description

AC submarine cables, monitoring systems and monitoring methods Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cable technology, and in particular to an AC submarine cable, a monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Three-core AC fiber optic composite submarine cable is an important communication and power transmission device. This type of cable is commonly used for submarine power transmission and communication because it can transmit power and high-quality optical signals over long distances underwater.

[0003] The three-core AC fiber optic composite submarine cable consists of three electrical cores, fiber optic units, and a first protective layer. These components work together to ensure the submarine cable can operate normally in the harsh underwater environment and maintain the quality of power and optical signal transmission.

[0004] During use, the current flowing through the core of the three-core AC submarine cable will cause the cable to heat up. If the heating is severe, it will affect the performance of the cable. However, since the cable is laid on the seabed, it is difficult to judge the condition of the cable and make timely adjustments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an AC submarine cable, a monitoring system, and a monitoring method to address the problem that when the performance of a three-core AC submarine cable is affected by heat generation during use, it is difficult to determine the condition of the cable and make timely adjustments.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an AC submarine cable, comprising:

[0007] At least two cable segments;

[0008] At least one factory connector is provided, through which two adjacent cable segments are connected;

[0009] A detection element is disposed on the cable segment and is used to detect the temperature of the corresponding cable segment.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the cable segment includes an optical fiber unit, a first protective layer structure, and three cable cores. The optical fiber unit is located between two adjacent cable cores and forms the detection element. Both the optical fiber unit and the cable cores are enclosed within the first protective layer structure.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the factory connector includes a second protective layer structure, a transmission optical fiber, and three connecting conductors. The three connecting conductors are evenly distributed within the second protective layer structure. The transmission optical fiber is located within the second protective layer structure between two adjacent connecting conductors. The connecting conductors are formed by friction welding of the cable cores of adjacent cable segments, and the transmission optical fiber is formed by thermal fusion connection of the optical fiber units of adjacent cable segments.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first protective layer structure is heat-pressed together with the insulating shielding layer.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the three connecting conductors are staggered within the second protective layer so that the core connections of adjacent cable segments are staggered.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the transmission optical fiber is misaligned with the connecting conductor, so that the connection position of the optical fiber unit is misaligned with the connection point of the cable core.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the connecting conductor is provided with an inner shielding layer, the inner shielding layer is provided with an insulation layer recovery, the insulation layer recovery is provided with an outer shielding layer, both ends of the insulation layer recovery are provided with reactive force cones, the cable core is provided with a stress cone, and the stress cone is connected inside the reactive force cone.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a monitoring system for an AC submarine cable, comprising: an AC submarine cable and monitoring equipment; wherein the monitoring equipment is disposed at both ends of the AC submarine cable, and the monitoring equipment is used to acquire the temperature values ​​of each detection element and monitor the AC submarine cable based on the temperature values.

[0017] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a method for monitoring AC submarine cables, employing an AC submarine cable monitoring system, the method comprising:

[0018] For each testing component, the temperature value of the corresponding cable segment is acquired once at a preset time interval;

[0019] Each detection element transmits the acquired temperature value to the monitoring device;

[0020] The monitoring equipment determines the temperature status of each cable segment based on the temperature value.

[0021] The monitoring equipment displays the temperature status of each cable segment on a large screen for maintenance personnel to monitor.

[0022] In one possible implementation, after determining the temperature status of each cable segment based on the temperature value, the monitoring device further includes: comparing the temperature status of each cable segment with a pre-stored temperature preset value model to determine whether a temperature fault has occurred in the cable segment; and if the monitoring device detects a temperature fault in the cable segment, sending a temperature fault alarm to the maintenance personnel's terminal.

[0023] In one possible implementation, comparing the temperature status of each cable segment with a pre-stored temperature preset value model to determine whether a temperature fault has occurred in the cable segment includes: acquiring the accumulated temperature values ​​of any cable segment within a current preset time period, and generating a first temperature curve for the cable segment based on each temperature value; acquiring the accumulated temperature values ​​of the cable segment within a previous preset time period, and generating a second temperature curve for the cable segment based on each temperature value; comparing the trend differences between the first temperature curve and the second temperature curve; if the trend difference between the first temperature curve and the second temperature curve exceeds a preset range, then determining that the cable segment has experienced a temperature anomaly; inputting the first temperature curve of the cable segment with the temperature anomaly into the pre-stored temperature preset value model for comparison to determine whether a temperature fault has occurred in the cable segment.

[0024] In one possible implementation, if the monitoring device detects a temperature fault in a cable segment, it sends a temperature fault alarm to the maintenance personnel's terminal, including: if a temperature fault is detected in the cable segment, determining the fault location coordinates on a GIS map; and sending the temperature fault alarm and the fault location coordinates to the maintenance personnel's terminal.

[0025] The AC submarine cable, monitoring system, and monitoring method provided in this application embodiment connect cable segments through factory connectors to achieve long-distance submarine cable connectivity. Furthermore, by setting up detection devices, the temperature of the cable segments is detected, thereby obtaining the real-time temperature of each cable segment. This allows operators to adjust the current flowing through the submarine cable based on the real-time temperature information, thereby controlling the temperature of the cable segments. This ensures the transmission of electrical power while reducing the impact of cable heating on the cable and improving the cable's service life. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the AC submarine cable provided in this application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the factory connector in Figure 1;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the cable core in Figure 2;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring system for AC submarine cables provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating the monitoring method for AC submarine cables provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 100, cable segment; 110, optical fiber unit; 120, first protective layer structure; 121, filling layer; 122, wrapping tape; 123, inner padding layer; 124, armor layer; 125, outer sheath layer; 130, cable core; 131, water-blocking copper conductor; 132, conductor shielding layer; 133, insulation layer; 134, insulation shielding layer; 135, semi-conductive water-blocking layer; 136, alloy lead sheath; 137, semi-conductive PE sheath; 140, stress cone; 200, factory connector; 210, second protective layer structure; 220, transmission optical fiber; 230, connecting conductor; 231, inner shielding layer; 232, insulation layer restoration; 233, outer shielding layer; 234, reactive force cone; 300, monitoring equipment.

[0033] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "fixation," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0038] Three-core AC fiber optic composite submarine cable is an important communication and power transmission device. This type of cable is commonly used for submarine power transmission and communication because it can transmit power and high-quality optical signals over long distances underwater.

[0039] The three-core AC fiber optic composite submarine cable consists of three electrical cores, fiber optic units, and a first protective layer. These components work together to ensure the submarine cable can operate normally in the harsh underwater environment and maintain the quality of power and optical signal transmission.

[0040] During use, the current flowing through the core of the three-core AC submarine cable will cause the cable to heat up. If the heating is severe, it will affect the performance of the cable. However, since the cable is laid on the seabed, it is difficult to judge the condition of the cable and make timely adjustments.

[0041] The AC submarine cable, monitoring system, and monitoring method provided in this application connect cable segments through factory connectors to achieve long-distance submarine cable connectivity. Furthermore, by setting up detection devices, the temperature of the cable segments is detected, thereby obtaining the real-time temperature of each cable segment. This allows operators to adjust the current flowing through the submarine cable based on the real-time temperature information, thereby controlling the temperature of the cable segments. This ensures the transmission of electrical power while reducing the impact of cable heating on the cable and improving the cable's service life.

[0042] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, an embodiment of this application provides an AC submarine cable, which includes:

[0044] At least two cable segments, 100;

[0045] At least one factory connector 200, and two adjacent cable segments 100 are connected through the factory connector 200;

[0046] The detection element is installed on the cable segment 100 and is used to detect the temperature of the corresponding cable segment 100.

[0047] Cable segments 100 are connected via factory connectors 200 to achieve long-distance submarine cable connectivity. Furthermore, by setting up detection devices, the temperature of cable segments 100 is detected, thereby obtaining the real-time temperature of each cable segment 100. This allows operators to adjust the current flowing through the submarine cable based on the real-time temperature information, thereby controlling the temperature of the cable segments 100. This ensures the transmission of electrical power while reducing the impact of cable heating on the cable and improving the cable's service life.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the cable segment 100 includes an optical fiber unit 110, a first protective layer structure 120, and three cable cores 130. The optical fiber unit 110 is located between two adjacent cable cores 130, and the optical fiber unit 110 forms a detection element. Both the optical fiber unit 110 and the cable cores 130 are wrapped within the first protective layer structure 120.

[0049] The first protective layer structure 120 includes a filling layer 121, a wrapping tape 122, an inner padding layer 123, an armor layer 124, and an outer sheath layer 125. Three cable cores 130 are all located within the filling layer 121, arranged in a triangular pattern. The optical fiber unit 110 is also located within the filling layer 121. The wrapping tape 122 is located outside the filling layer 121; after the cable cores 130 and the filling layer 121 are cabled together, the wrapping tape 122 is used to tightly bind them into a circle. An inner padding layer 123 is provided outside the wrapping tape 122, wherein the inner padding layer 123 is formed by winding polypropylene fiber rope to provide cushioning and protection.

[0050] An armor layer 124 is installed outside the inner padding layer 123. This armor layer 124 is formed by winding and twisting high-strength metal wires, providing mechanical protection and tension stability for the laying and operation of the submarine cable. If the armor layer 124 is short-circuited and grounded with the lead sheath layer, it can also serve as a short-circuit discharge mechanism, ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the submarine cable. The metal wires of the armor layer 124 are made of seawater-resistant galvanized steel wire, stainless steel wire, or hard copper wire. Furthermore, the armor layer 124 is coated with asphalt to enhance its corrosion resistance.

[0051] An outer sheath 125 is provided outside the armor layer 124. The outer sheath 125 is a polypropylene spiral rope that is wrapped around the armor layer 124 to serve to bind and protect the submarine cable and the markings.

[0052] The cable core 130 includes a water-blocking copper conductor 131, a conductor shielding layer 132, an insulation layer 133, an insulation shielding layer 134, a semi-conductive water-blocking layer 135, an alloy lead sheath 136, and a semi-conductive PE sheath 137.

[0053] Specifically, the water-blocking copper conductor 131 is formed by combining multiple copper wires using a planetary mechanical assembly. The water-blocking copper conductor 131 is a conductive element used to transmit current. It is made of copper or aluminum, which have high conductivity and good processing performance, and is generally a round, single-wire stranded conductor. Water-blocking material is filled between the layers or gaps of each stranded wire to provide longitudinal water blocking. For large cross-section conductors (greater than 1800 mm²), 2 It uses a profiled conductor.

[0054] A conductor shielding layer 132 is wrapped around the water-blocking copper conductor 131. An insulating layer 133 is then placed outside the conductor shielding layer 132. The insulating layer 133 is made of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation material, used to isolate the high-voltage electrode from the ground electrode. It possesses excellent electrical properties, heat resistance, and anti-aging properties, ensuring that the quality and electrical performance of the submarine cable meet the long-term operational reliability requirements of the power transmission system at the corresponding voltage level. An insulating shielding layer 134 covers the insulating layer 133, making the dielectric interface facing the cross-linked polyethylene insulation as smooth as possible. This ensures a stable and smooth dielectric surface between the insulating layer 133 and the water-blocking copper conductor 131, and between the insulating layer 133 and the metal shield. This three-layer structure of "conductor shield—insulation—insulation shield" constitutes the insulation system of the submarine cable, ensuring that the insulating layer 133 is protected from the influence of internal and external structures, improving the electric field distribution on the surface of the metal electrode, and enhancing the dielectric strength of the insulation surface.

[0055] The semiconducting water-resistant layer 135 is wound on the insulating shielding layer 134. The semiconducting water-absorbing expansion strip is used as the longitudinal water-blocking semiconducting water-resistant layer 135. Both the water-blocking copper conductor 131 and the semiconducting water-resistant layer 135 play a longitudinal water-blocking role, preventing water from penetrating longitudinally and ensuring the product performance of the submarine cable during operation and salvage and repair.

[0056] The alloy lead sheath 136 is disposed on the semiconducting resistive water layer 135. The metal shielding layer is generally composed of lead sheath, copper wire, copper strip, etc., wrapped or extruded around the insulated shielding core, serving functions such as short-circuit current discharge, mechanical protection, and electric field shielding. It acts as a low-voltage electrode of the working electric field, providing a path for capacitive current and fault current. The lead sheath structure also provides good radial water-blocking sealing. The semiconducting PE sheath 137 is disposed on the alloy lead sheath 136.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the factory connector 200 includes a second protective layer structure 210, a transmission optical fiber 220, and three connecting conductors 230. The three connecting conductors 230 are evenly distributed within the second protective layer structure 210. The transmission optical fiber 220 is located within the second protective layer structure 210 between two adjacent connecting conductors 230. The connecting conductors 230 are formed by friction welding of the cable cores 130 of adjacent cable segments 100, and the transmission optical fiber 220 is formed by thermal fusion connection of the optical fiber units 110 of adjacent cable segments 100.

[0058] The connecting conductors 230 are arranged in a triangular pattern within the second protective layer structure 210. The connecting conductors 230 are formed by friction welding of the cable cores 130 of adjacent cable segments 100. The transmitting optical fiber 220 is formed by thermally fusion connecting the optical fiber units 110 of adjacent cable segments 100. The optical fiber units 110 and the transmitting optical fiber 220 can both detect the temperature within the cable and transmit signals. In other embodiments, separate detection devices can be installed within the cable segments 100 and the factory connector 200 to detect the temperature at either the cable segment 100 or the factory connector 200 individually.

[0059] The first protective layer structure 120 and the second protective layer structure 210 are formed by hot pressing.

[0060] The second protective layer structure 210 has the same structure as the first protective layer structure 120. The same layers are formed by hot pressing and are connected sequentially from the inside to the outside to form a whole. This facilitates the connection, insulation shielding and protection of the cable segment 100.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the three connecting conductors 230 are staggered within the second protective layer so that the connection points of the cores 130 of adjacent cable segments 100 are staggered.

[0062] The connection positions of the three connecting conductors 230 are changed so that the connections of the cores 130 of adjacent cable segments 100 are staggered. This avoids the connection points of the cores 130 all being located in the same position, resulting in an excessively large diameter at the cable connection. Furthermore, the connection point is usually a weak point in the cable, and it is more prone to overheating when current flows through it. By staggering the connection points, the connection points of the three-core cable can be lengthened, avoiding severe overheating at the same location and improving the cable's load-bearing capacity.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the transmission optical fiber 220 and the connecting conductor 230 are misaligned so that the connection position of the optical fiber unit 110 is misaligned with the connection point of the cable core 130.

[0064] By staggering the connection point of the transmission optical fiber 220 with the connection point of the cable core 130, the influence of the connection point of the connecting conductor 230 on the transmission optical fiber 220 is also avoided.

[0065] In one possible implementation, an inner shielding layer 231 is provided on the connecting conductor 230, an insulating layer 133 is provided on the inner shielding layer 231, an outer shielding layer 233 is provided on the insulating layer 133, and reactive force cones 234 are provided at both ends of the insulating layer 133. A stress cone 140 is provided on the cable core 130, and the stress cone 140 is connected inside the reactive force cone 234.

[0066] The three connecting conductors 230 are all equally arranged, and after the connection is completed, the second protective layer structure 210 is sleeved on the three connecting conductors 230 and the transmission optical fiber 220, thereby realizing the connection of the two optical fibers.

[0067] In the actual operation, a bending machine is first used to pre-straighten the bent parts of the cable segments 100 at both ends. The cable core 130 at the end of the cable segment 100 is stripped and the end of the cable core 130 is cut into a pencil-tip shaped stress cone 140. The water-blocking copper conductor 131 in the middle of the cable core 130 is exposed. The inner shielding layer 231 and the outer shielding layer 233 are fitted onto the cable core 130. The water-blocking copper conductor 131 is then layered, welded, and polished. The insulation layer 133 of the cable core 130 is scraped to make the insulation layer 133 into a "pencil tip" shape and form a smooth end face with the insulation shielding layer 134. The insulation layer is then heated and cooled to obtain the stress cone 234. After grinding, a semiconductive strip is wrapped around the surface of the conductor and heated. After cooling, the semiconductive strip is ground and then injection molded to form an insulating layer 133. Finally, three connecting conductors 230 and optical fiber 220 are formed. Then, the second protective layer structure 210 and the first protective layer structure 120 are connected to realize the connection of the two cable segments 100.

[0068] Referring to Figure 4, this application embodiment also provides a monitoring system for an AC submarine cable, including: the AC submarine cable described in the above embodiments, and monitoring equipment 300. There may be two monitoring devices 300.

[0069] The monitoring equipment 300 is installed at both ends of the AC submarine cable. The monitoring equipment is used to acquire the temperature values ​​of each detection component and monitor the AC submarine cable based on the temperature values.

[0070] Specifically, the temperature of cable segment 100 of the AC submarine cable is detected through fiber optic units to obtain the temperature value of the cable segment. The fiber optic unit of each cable segment transmits the temperature value to any monitoring device 300 through multiple intermediate cable segment fiber optic units. The monitoring device 300 monitors the temperature of the AC submarine cable based on the temperature value.

[0071] In summary, by establishing a communication connection with the AC submarine cable through monitoring equipment, it is possible to monitor the temperature of each cable segment and the entire AC submarine cable.

[0072] Referring to Figure 5, this application embodiment also provides a monitoring method for AC submarine cables, employing the AC submarine cable monitoring system shown in Figure 4. The method includes:

[0073] S51: For each testing component, the temperature value of the corresponding cable segment is obtained once at a preset time interval.

[0074] In this embodiment, the detection device (fiber optic unit) corresponding to each cable segment acquires the temperature value of the corresponding cable segment once every preset time interval.

[0075] Temperature sensors can be configured in the fiber optic unit.

[0076] It should be noted that the preset time interval can be 30 seconds or 60 seconds.

[0077] S52: For each testing component, the acquired temperature value is transmitted to the monitoring equipment.

[0078] In this embodiment, the detection element (fiber optic unit) corresponding to each cable segment transmits the acquired temperature value to the monitoring device.

[0079] It should be noted that the detection element (fiber optic unit) can transmit the acquired temperature value to the monitoring equipment every 30 or 60 seconds.

[0080] S53: Monitoring equipment that determines the temperature status of each cable segment based on the temperature value.

[0081] In this embodiment, based on the temperature values ​​of each cable segment, the corresponding temperature is marked at the position of the cable segment in the virtual AC submarine cable model to obtain the temperature status of each cable segment.

[0082] Specifically, the temperature value corresponding to the temperature status of each cable segment can be updated every 30 seconds or 60 seconds.

[0083] S54: Monitoring equipment that displays the temperature status of each cable segment on a large screen for maintenance personnel to monitor.

[0084] In this embodiment, the temperature values ​​of the cable segments of the virtual AC submarine cable model (the temperature status of each cable segment) are displayed on the large screen of the monitoring equipment. By observing the temperature values ​​of each cable segment on the large screen, the maintenance personnel can monitor the temperature of the AC submarine cable.

[0085] S55: Monitoring equipment that determines whether a temperature fault has occurred in a cable segment based on the temperature status of each cable segment and the pre-stored temperature preset value model.

[0086] In one embodiment of this application, step S55 specifically includes S551-S555:

[0087] S551: Obtain the accumulated temperature values ​​of any cable segment within the current preset time period, and generate the first temperature curve of the cable segment based on each temperature value.

[0088] In this embodiment, the current preset duration can be the most recent day or the cumulative duration of the most recent week.

[0089] In the first temperature curve, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents temperature.

[0090] S552: Obtain the accumulated temperature values ​​of the cable segment within the previous preset time period, and generate the second temperature curve of the cable segment based on the temperature values.

[0091] In this embodiment, if the current preset duration is the nearest day, then the previous preset duration can be the previous day. If the current preset duration is the nearest week, then the previous preset duration can be the previous week.

[0092] It should be noted that, consistent with the first temperature curve, the horizontal axis of the second temperature curve is the time axis, and the vertical axis is the temperature value.

[0093] S553: ​​Compare the trends of the first temperature curve and the second temperature curve.

[0094] Specifically, the first and second temperature curves are transformed into the same coordinate system, and their initial coordinate starting points are aligned. Then, the degree of overlap between the first and second temperature curves is calculated. The degree of overlap can be calculated using the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) method.

[0095] S554: If the difference between the trends of the first temperature curve and the second temperature curve exceeds the preset range, it is determined that the cable segment has an abnormal temperature.

[0096] Specifically, if the overlap between a temperature curve and a second temperature curve is less than the overlap threshold, then the trend difference is determined to exceed the preset range, i.e., the cable segment is determined to have a temperature abnormality.

[0097] The overlap threshold can be 80% or 90%.

[0098] S555: Input the first temperature curve of the cable segment where the temperature abnormality occurs into the pre-stored temperature preset value model for comparison to determine whether the cable segment has a temperature fault.

[0099] Specifically, if it is determined that any cable segment has an abnormal temperature, the first temperature curve of that cable segment is then input into the pre-stored temperature preset value model to output the prediction result of whether the cable segment has a temperature fault.

[0100] The pre-stored temperature preset value model is trained based on the temperature curves of a large number of cable segments (including faulty and non-faulty ones).

[0101] S56: If a temperature fault is detected in the cable segment, a temperature fault alarm will be sent to the maintenance personnel's terminal.

[0102] Specifically, if a temperature fault is detected in a cable segment, the coordinates of the fault location on the GIS (Geographic Information System) map are determined; the temperature fault alarm and the fault location coordinates are sent to the maintenance personnel's terminal.

[0103] In this embodiment, the GIS map displays the temperature values ​​corresponding to the location markers of cable segments of a virtual AC submarine cable model, and faulty cable segments can be marked with warning colors.

[0104] Optionally, the warning color is red.

[0105] In summary, monitoring the temperature of AC submarine cable segments using testing components and monitoring equipment can help maintenance personnel monitor the temperature of AC submarine cables.

[0106] Furthermore, by conducting preliminary temperature anomaly analysis on the temperature status of each cable segment, and then performing model fault analysis, the cable segment experiencing temperature faults can be located more accurately, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency of cable segment temperature faults.

[0107] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An AC submarine cable, characterized in that, include: At least two cable segments (100); At least one factory connector (200) is provided, through which two adjacent cable segments (100) are connected; A detection element is disposed on the cable segment (100) and is used to detect the temperature of the corresponding cable segment (100).

2. The AC submarine cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable segment (100) includes an optical fiber unit (110), a first protective layer structure (120), and three cable cores (130). The optical fiber unit (110) is located between two adjacent cable cores (130). The optical fiber unit (110) forms the detection element. Both the optical fiber unit (110) and the cable cores (130) are wrapped within the first protective layer structure (120).

3. The AC submarine cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The factory connector (200) includes a second protective layer structure (210), a transmission optical fiber (220), and three connecting conductors (230). The three connecting conductors (230) are evenly distributed within the second protective layer structure (210). The transmission optical fiber (220) is located within the second protective layer structure (210) between two adjacent connecting conductors (230). The connecting conductors (230) are formed by friction welding of the cable cores (130) of adjacent cable segments (100). The transmission optical fiber (220) is formed by thermal fusion connection of the optical fiber units (110) of adjacent cable segments (100).

4. The AC submarine cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first protective layer structure (120) and the second protective layer structure (210) are hot-pressed together to form the protective layer structure.

5. The AC submarine cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, The three connecting conductors (230) are staggered within the second protective layer so that the connection points of the cores (130) of adjacent cable segments (100) are staggered.

6. The AC submarine cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission optical fiber (220) and the connecting conductor (230) are misaligned so that the connection position of the optical fiber unit (110) is misaligned with the connection point of the cable core (130).

7. The AC submarine cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, An inner shielding layer (231) is provided on the connecting conductor (230), an insulating layer (133) is provided on the inner shielding layer (231), an outer shielding layer (233) is provided on the insulating layer (133), and reactive force cones (234) are provided at both ends of the insulating layer (133). A stress cone (140) is provided on the cable core (130), and the stress cone (140) is connected inside the reactive force cone (234).

8. A monitoring system for AC submarine cables, comprising: The AC submarine cable as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the monitoring equipment; The monitoring equipment is installed at both ends of the AC submarine cable. The monitoring equipment is used to acquire the temperature values ​​of each detection component and monitor the AC submarine cable based on the temperature values.

9. A method for monitoring AC submarine cables, employing the AC submarine cable monitoring system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The method includes: For each testing component, the temperature value of the corresponding cable segment is acquired once at a preset time interval; Each detection element transmits the acquired temperature value to the monitoring device; The monitoring equipment determines the temperature status of each cable segment based on the temperature value. The monitoring equipment displays the temperature status of each cable segment on a large screen for maintenance personnel to monitor.

10. The monitoring method for AC submarine cables according to claim 9, characterized in that, After determining the temperature status of each cable segment based on the temperature value, the monitoring equipment further includes: The monitoring equipment determines whether a temperature fault has occurred in a cable segment based on the temperature status of each cable segment and a pre-stored temperature preset value model. If the monitoring equipment detects a temperature fault in the cable segment, it will send a temperature fault alarm to the maintenance personnel's terminal.

11. The monitoring method for AC submarine cables according to claim 10, characterized in that, The step of determining whether a temperature fault has occurred in a cable segment based on the temperature status of each cable segment and a pre-stored temperature preset value model includes: Obtain the accumulated temperature values ​​of any cable segment within the current preset time period, and generate the first temperature curve of the cable segment based on each temperature value; The temperature values ​​accumulated by the cable segment within the previous preset time period are obtained, and a second temperature curve of the cable segment is generated based on the temperature values. Compare the trends of the first temperature curve and the second temperature curve; If the difference between the trends of the first temperature curve and the second temperature curve exceeds a preset range, it is determined that the cable segment has a temperature abnormality. The first temperature curve of the cable segment where the temperature abnormality occurs is input into the pre-stored temperature preset value model for comparison to determine whether the cable segment has a temperature fault.

12. The monitoring method for AC submarine cables according to claim 11, characterized in that, If the monitoring equipment detects a temperature fault in the cable segment, it sends a temperature fault alarm to the maintenance personnel's terminal, including: If a temperature fault is detected in a cable segment, determine the coordinates of the fault location on the GIS map. The temperature fault alarm and the coordinates of the fault location are sent to the maintenance personnel's terminal.

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