1118results about How to "Accurate temperature" patented technology

An object of the invention is to calibrate an upper pyrometer for indirectly measuring a substrate temperature at the time of epitaxial growth in a comparatively short time and with accuracy to thereby improve the quality of an epitaxial substrate. After calibrating an upper pyrometer by a thermocouple mounted to a temperature calibrating susceptor, a measured value of a lower pyrometer is adjusted to a calibrated value of the upper pyrometer. Then, a correlation line between substrate temperature indirectly measured by the upper pyrometer at the time of epitaxial growth onto a sample substrate and haze of a sample substrate measured immediately after epitaxial growth is set to indirectly measure a substrate temperature by the upper pyrometer at the time of epitaxial growth onto a mass-production substrate. Moreover, substrate temperature at the time of epitaxial growth onto the mass-production substrate is estimated by applying the haze of the mass-production substrate measured immediately after epitaxial growth to the correlation line and then a measured temperature of the upper pyrometer is adjusted to the estimated temperature.

An object of the invention is to calibrate an upper pyrometer for indirectly measuring a substrate temperature at the time of epitaxial growth in a comparatively short time and with accuracy to thereby improve the quality of an epitaxial substrate.After calibrating an upper pyrometer by a thermocouple mounted to a temperature calibrating susceptor, a measured value of a lower pyrometer is adjusted to a calibrated value of the upper pyrometer. Then, a correlation line between substrate temperature indirectly measured by the upper pyrometer at the time of epitaxial growth onto a sample substrate and haze of a sample substrate measured immediately after epitaxial growth is set to indirectly measure a substrate temperature by the upper pyrometer at the time of epitaxial growth onto a mass-production substrate. Moreover, substrate temperature at the time of epitaxial growth onto the mass-production substrate is estimated by applying the haze of the mass-production substrate measured immediately after epitaxial growth to the correlation line and then a measured temperature of the upper pyrometer is adjusted to the estimated temperature.

A balloon catheter in which a high-frequency current is supplied between electrodes spaced in a balloon, the liquid in the balloon is heated, and the heat conducted through the balloon ablates the organism tissue in contact with the balloon, characterized in that the area of the surface of each electrode is 20 mm2 or more or a potential detecting electrode for detecting the potential at an abrasion portion is disposed outside the balloon and in a position at least before or behind the balloon.

A parallel plate type plasma processing apparatus including a RF feed rod for applying a high frequency power to a susceptor and a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of a substrate on the susceptor is configured to reduce an effect that high frequency current flowing in the RF feed rod has on temperature detection of the temperature detection unit. A surface portion of the susceptor serves as a mounting unit including an electrostatic chuck and a heater. A shaft, which is a protection pipe extracted downward from the processing chamber, is provided under the mounting unit. A chuck electrode of the electrostatic chuck serves as an electrode for applying a high frequency voltage. Provided in the shaft are two RF feed rod for supplying a power to the electrode and an optical fiber, i.e., a temperature detection unit, having a dielectric fluorescent material is disposed in a leading end thereof. Then, the two RF feed rods and bar type conductive leads for the heater are alternately arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential direction on a circle having the optical fiber at the center thereof such that the region having therein the optical fiber is an electromagnetic wave-free region since the electric force lines respectively traveling from the RF feed rods to bar type conductive leads are offset with each other.

An electronic cigarette, including: a cigarette holder assembly; a fixing seat assembly; an atomization assembly; a gas flow control assembly; and a glass housing. The cigarette holder assembly is made of metal. The fixing seat assembly operates to fix the glass housing and to regulate an air flow. The atomization assembly is disposed inside the glass housing. The heating wires are disposed inside the atomization assembly. The cigarette holder assembly is connected to the fixing seat assembly in the manner of plugging. The glass housing is connected to a middle support via a fixing jaw. The atomization assembly is assembled with the gas flow control assembly using screw threads to form an integrated structure, and the integrated structure of the atomization assembly and the gas flow control assembly is then assembled with the fixing seat assembly.

A controller for a rechargeable battery and a temperature estimation method and a deterioration determination method for a rechargeable battery enabling an accurate battery temperature to be obtained through calculation. The controller calculates a heat generation amount of Joule heat generated in the rechargeable battery and a heat generation amount of chemical reaction heat generated in the rechargeable battery to calculate the battery temperature of the rechargeable battery based on the calculated Joule heat generation amount and the calculated chemical reaction heat generation amount. When a cooling device is connected to the rechargeable battery, the controller preferably calculates the battery temperature of the rechargeable battery using the Joule heat generation amount, the chemical reaction heat generation amount, and a value indicating the cooling capability of the cooling device.

Cosmetic method and apparatus are provided that can provide cooling and / or freezing of skin tissue proximal to the skin surface to generate an appearance of lightening or reduced pigmentation in the skin. The skin can be cooled to a temperature of less than about −5 degrees Celsius for a duration of about one minute or less, using a cooled surface that is at least 3 cm in width. A cooling arrangement can be provided to provide controlled heat removal from the skin tissue being treated. A sensor can optionally be provided to detect freezing of tissue proximal to the cooled surface.

A battery housing structure, in an electric vehicle, is operable to regulate a temperature of a battery disposed between front and rear wheels of the vehicle. The battery housing structure includes a main housing body for receiving the battery, inlet and outlet ports for respectively supplying air to and discharging air from the main housing body; and a fan for discharging air from the main housing body. A bypass passage is provided in the battery housing structure for selectively connecting a downstream side of the fan with the inlet ports. First and second air flow control valves are also provided in the battery housing structure for selectively controlling and routing the flow of air within the battery housing structure.

A valve overlap period is increased as a desired torque of an engine increases by advancing an opening timing of an intake valve at a rate greater than that of retarding a closing timing of an exhaust valve in a low engine-torque area in which the desired torque of the internal combustion engine is relatively low (step S16). The valve overlap period is increased as the desired torque of the engine increases by retarding the closing timing of the exhaust valve at a rate greater than that of advancing the opening timing of the intake valve in a high engine-torque area in which the desired torque of the internal combustion engine is relatively high (step S17). Accordingly, the drivability can be improved by obtaining the proper torque and the smooth torque curve in the wide driving area.

A vehicle source device capable of performing a more accurate temperature-rise corresponding to the ability of the capacitor is provided. The correlation of the temperature and the internal resistance corresponding to the ability of the current capacitor in time of activation is obtained in advance, the internal resistance is obtained for every repetition of charge / discharge, and the temperature of the inside of the capacitor is obtained from the correlation. Since the accurate temperature of the inside of the capacitor is obtained, the capacitor is accurately temperature-raised to the target temperature.

The invention is a video frequency real-time displaying control device for infrared heat imaging image and visible image. The device includes a computer, an infrared heat imaging device, visible camera whose field angle can match with it; there has a video collecting card on the interface slot of the computer, the infrared image device and the visible camera are fixed on the same platform; there stores control, temperature measuring, image processing and displaying procedure model, it can remote control the platform, the infrared heat device and the visible light camera, they can be rotated synchronously, the field angles of the posterior two match, and makes the heat imaging image and the visible light image can coincided with the coordinate of the computer monitor. The invention can carry on real-time memorization, displaying, imaging, and playbacks the heat imaging image and the visible light image, it also can display the temperature valve and position coordinates of the object, it also has merits of infrared imaging and visible light image.

A cooking apparatus includes a bottomed-box-shaped container that contains an object; a discharging path through which at least part of hot air is discharged to the outside; an exhaust adjustment unit that adjusts the flow rate of discharge of the hot air through the discharging path; and a controlling unit that controls the exhaust adjustment unit, wherein the controlling unit controls the exhaust adjustment unit in such a manner that the flow rate of discharge of the hot air during a heating operation falls within a predetermined condition.

A battery pack includes at least one battery module comprising a plurality of unit cells stacked together; and at least one thermoelectric module on the at least one battery module, wherein the thermoelectric module may include a Peltier device having an input terminal configured to receive a polarity-convertible current.

Cosmetic method and apparatus are provided that can provide cooling and / or freezing of skin tissue proximal to the skin surface to generate an appearance of lightening or reduced pigmentation in the skin. The skin can be cooled to a temperature of less than about −5 degrees Celsius for a duration of about one minute or less, using a cooled surface that is at least 3 cm in width. A cooling arrangement can be provided to provide controlled heat removal from the skin tissue being treated. A sensor can optionally be provided to detect freezing of tissue proximal to the cooled surface.

A method of predicting ambient air temperature outside a passenger compartment of a vehicle. The method measures air temperature with a temperature sensor, applies a correction strategy, and determines a predicted temperature value.

A system for treating uterine disorders includes a catheter with a cannula having a proximal end and a distal end, and a degassing system in communication with the distal end of the cannula. The degassing system has a fluid insertion path having a first check valve and a gas filter, and a fluid extraction path that is separate from the fluid insertion path and includes a second check valve. The catheter may include an inflatable balloon secured to the distal end of the cannula with the degassing system in communication with the inflatable balloon. In one embodiment, a heating assembly is disposed inside the inflatable balloon for heating the fluid introduced into the balloon.

An ultrasonic measuring unit and a method for detecting ultrasonic signal run-times, in which the ultrasonic measuring unit has two ultrasonic transducers for coupling ultrasonic signals into a flowing medium. Analysis electronics are provided to be accommodated on or in a flow tube, in which a gaseous medium such as circulating air flows. A probe unit is accommodated in the flow tube, the probe unit being assigned a temperature probe having a flow around it, whose measured value is used for correcting a temperature signal detected by ultrasound.

A ring oscillator includes an odd number of unit circuits connected in series each of which includes an inverter. Each of the unit circuits includes the inverter and a MOSFET. The MOSFET is an FET which is a temperature sensor, and uses a drain-source leakage current in a state that the FET is normally turned off.

The invention provides an electric cooker and a control method thereof. The control method comprises the following steps: after the electric cooker is started, the electric cooker is controlled to be heated at the first average power; when the temperature in the electric cooker reaches a first preset temperature, heating of the electric cooker is controlled to be stopped temporarily; first preset time later, the electric cooker is controlled to be continuously heated at the first average power; when the temperature in the electric cooker reaches a second preset temperature, the electric cooker is controlled to be heated at the second average power, wherein the first preset temperature is larger than the second preset temperature, the power regulation ratio of the second average power is smaller than that of the first average power and the power regulation cycle of the second average power is larger than that of the first average power; when the temperature in the electric cooker reaches a boiling balance temperature point, the electric cooker is controlled to be heated at the third average power so as to keep boiling; and second preset time later, heating of the electric cooker is controlled to be stopped. According to the electric cooker and the control method thereof, the fact that the electric cooker reaches boiling temperature and material in the electric cooker does not overflow can be guaranteed and temperature control is more accurate.

Disclosed are a process and apparatus for selective catalytic reduction of NOx. The process is enabled by passing a heat exchanger section, such as an economizer, of the boiler in advance of an SCR unit at low load conditions to enable NOx reduction even at low loads using urea instead of ammonia. In a preferred form, under high load conditions, the bypass can be almost fully closed and the economizer can be operated normally without excessively cooling the combustion gases, using only a portion of bypassed gases which are hot enough to decompose the urea into its active components including ammonia.

An electrostatic chuck which is built in a heater and can change, at a high speed, the temperature distribution of a wafer being processed by a plasma is provided at low cost. Also, there is provided a processing method which realizes uniform etching by suppressing CD variations in the plane of the wafer even when etching conditions change. The electrostatic chuck includes a base material in which multiple coolant grooves are formed, a high resistance layer which is formed on the base material, multiple heaters which are formed by thermally spraying conductors within the high resistance layer, multiple electrostatic chuck electrodes which are formed similarly by thermally spraying conductors within the high resistance layer, and temperature measuring means, and adjusts outputs of the heaters on the basis of temperature information of the temperature measuring means.

A switching power supply unit which contains a secondary battery for backup and a circuit for controlling the charging and discharging of the secondary battery in its enclosure and which properly manages the charging and discharging of the secondary battery. A switching power supply circuit includes a rectifying and smoothing circuit for smoothing alternating-current input from commercial power supply Vin at normal operation time, a battery pack charged by a DC—DC converter which can continuously output a predetermined direct-current power supply voltage for supplying power supply voltage to the DC—DC converter at the time of a stoppage in alternating-current input, a charging circuit section for controlling the charging and discharging of the battery pack, and a charging and discharging control circuit. The battery pack and circuits, such as the DC—DC converter, are mounted in the same unit enclosure.

A nonvolatile memory is accessed by a memory control circuit and stores temperature information indicating a temperature measured by a temperature sensor. A power supply control circuit supplies a first power supply voltage to the temperature sensor in response to a request for temperature measurement received via an antenna, and supplies a second power supply voltage to the nonvolatile memory and the memory control circuit after the temperature sensor measures the temperature. While the temperature sensor is measuring the temperature, the nonvolatile memory and the memory control circuit do not operate and thus do not generate heat. Therefore, the temperature sensor can accurately measure the temperature without being influenced from the heat generation caused by the operation of circuits in an RFID transponder.

The invention discloses a refrigerator and its temperature control method. The method comprises the following steps: detecting the current temperature of a variable-temperature chamber; judging whether a difference between a shutdown temperature of the variable-temperature chamber and the current temperature is not lower than a first difference temperature; if yes, detecting an ambient temperature of the refrigerator, and judging whether the ambient temperature is not higher than a preset ambient temperature; and if yes, controlling a temperature compensation heater in a first preset mode to heat the variable-temperature chamber, otherwise controlling the temperature compensation heater to operate in a second preset mode. The refrigerator temperature control method of the inventive embodiment can precisely control the temperature compensation heater to carry out temperature micro-adjustment on the variable-temperature chamber in different modes when the set temperature of the variable-temperature chamber is relatively high (usually used for a refrigerating chamber), to make the temperature of the variable-temperature chamber quickly reach the set temperature, and has advantage of high control accuracy, thus contributing to food storage in the variable-temperature chamber and improving practicability of the refrigerator.

The fixing device of the image forming apparatus of the present invention is provided with a heat transfer probe which contacts the heat roller and a surface temperature of the heat roller is transferred thereto. The erroneous detection of the surface temperature of the heat roller caused from materials adhered to the heat roller is prevented, induction heating coils is regulated at a high level of accuracy using the highly precious detection result obtained from the heat transfer probe, the temperature control of the heat roller is promoted and a fixed image of high quality is obtained.

An apparatus and method for measuring or controlling the Outdoor Air Fraction (OAF) ratio through economizer or outdoor air dampers and cabinet to total system airflow and mixed-air humidity ratio and wetbulb temperature for HVAC equipment. An OAF exceeding the minimum regulatory requirements wastes energy and contributes to global warming. OAF is used to optimize economizer damper position either manually or automatically using an economizer Fault Detection Diagnostic controller and actuator to meet minimum outdoor airflow requirements. After the outdoor air damper position is optimized, the mixed-air humidity ratio and mixed-air wetbulb temperature are determined and used with the measured mixed-air drybulb and supply-air drybulb temperatures to evaluate evaporator airflow, cooling capacity, and heating capacity, and, if necessary, provide a visual or electronically-transmitted error code signal indicating maintenance requirements to check or correct economizer damper position, cabinet leakage, airflow, cooling or heating capacity, and / or other faults for the HVAC system.

A tire temperature and tire pressure wireless sensing device is provided, which includes a housing, a valve body, a power supply module, a circuit board and a transmission antenna. The power supply module is disposed on the fixed seat of the housing, and the circuit board includes a wireless transmission module and a sensing module thereon. The sensing module is disposed corresponding to an air-intake through hole of the bottom seat of the housing. The valve body is engaged with the air-intake through hole and one end of the transmission antenna is disposed in an antenna slot.

A single use multi-layered food service product such as paper cups, food containers, or sleeves constructed of materials including at least one phase changing material (PCM) with one or more additives to produce a thermal conductivity ratio of at least 2.0 W / mK and a melting point between 45 degrees C. and 80 degrees C. An inventive pattern for the placement and distribution of the PCM within its multilayered walls is described. The PCM is configured in order to minimize manufacturing cost and environmental impact while providing insulation and maximizing its ability to rapidly reduce and then maintain a safe and preferred temperature for served food or beverages.

A method of stably controlling the temperature of a sample placed on a sample stage to a desired temperature by estimating a sample temperature accurately, the sample stage including a refrigerant flow path to cool the sample stage, a heater to heat the sample stage, and a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the sample stage. This method comprises the steps of: measuring in advance the variation-with-time of supply electric power to the heater, temperature of the sample, and temperature of the temperature sensor, without plasma processing; approximating the relation among the measured values using a simultaneous linear differential equation; estimating a sample temperature from the variation-with-time of sensor temperature y1, heater electric power u1, and plasma heat input by means of the Luenberger's states observer based on the simultaneous linear differential equation used for the approximation; and performing a feedback control of sample temperature using the estimated sample temperature.