192results about How to "Fast mass transfer" patented technology

The invention provides an apparatus for comminuting coal or other fuel solids in a shear field, and for optionally coating the solids with catalysts for combustion, liquefaction, and or gasification during the milling process. The apparatus further provides for control of water content in the solids may be controlled before, during and after the milling in order to obtain micronized solids with fine hydration layers. The output fuel solids of the apparatus can burn at low temperatures, avoiding emissions of nitrogen oxides, and they also have improved properties for surfactant-free suspension in either water or oil media, as well as for liquefaction and gasification.

The invention provides a sulfur-doped nickel phosphide catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes the steps that A, a nickel source, an ammonium source, urea and water are mixed, and ultrasonic and stirring dispersion are conducted to obtain a first compound carrier; B, the first compound carrier is reacted on a supporting body to obtain a second compound carrier; and C, a nickel phosphide catalyst with the hydrogen being precipitated is obtained through reaction of the second compound carrier, a phosphate source and a sulfur source. According to the method, firstly a nickel hydroxide first compound carrier is obtained through reaction of the nickel source, the ammonium source, the urea and the water, and then the first compound carrier grows on the supporting body to obtain the second compound carrier; after that, a sulfur-doped nickel phosphide catalyst is obtained through simultaneous reaction of the second compound carrier, the nickel source and the sulfur source. According to the preparation method, the catalyst grows on a current collector directly, so that the current collector is more tightly connected with the catalyst, an adhesive agent is not needed, the cost is saved, the electrical conductivity is increased, so that the electric charge transfer is rapider, and high catalytic activity and high stability are achieved on the hydrogen evolution reaction.

The invention provides a combustion process using comminuted fuel solids from a steam-driven shear field, with controlled water content and optionally coated with a combustion catalyst. The method allows fuel solids to burn for energy production at low temperatures. The lower temperatures avoid emissions of nitrogen oxides, and the process also yields a clean, friable ash that has economic value.

In a catalytic treatment process, mercaptans in sour hydrocarbon are oxidized to disulfide oils using an aqueous treatment solution containing a chelated polyvalent metal catalyst, alkali metal hydroxide, and the alkali metal salt of at least one alcohol in a non-dispersive mixing apparatus wherein an upgraded hydrocarbon containing the disulfide oils is produced.

The invention relates to a super-dispersion non-noble metal nitrogen-doped MOF double-effect electrocatalyst and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of 1) adding a hydroxyl-rich carbon source organic matter and a nitrogen-rich organic matter into a surfactant dispersed solution, and carrying out stirring and mixing; and enabling the carbon-nitrogen source organic matters to be reacted in the solution to obtain a primary precursor; 2) adding a transition metal solution, stirring at a constant temperature and sufficiently chelating with the organicprecursor; 3) putting the object obtained in the step 2) into a high-temperature kettle to carry out hydrothermal crystallization to promote crystals to grow slowly; 4) carrying out centrifuging, washing and drying on the object obtained in the step 3); and 5) carrying out high-temperature carbonization on the object obtained in the step 4) to obtain the catalyst. The catalyst has the advantages that the uniformly dispersed ultrafine metal nanoparticles are embedded and wrapped in a carbon shell, and the carbon layer structure is activated; and the catalyst has rich transition metals and nitrogen-bonded M-N chelating active sites, so that the catalyst stably exists in an acid solution, and has important application value and significance in the fields of fuel cells, water electrolysis andother electro-catalysis.

The invention discloses a semi-aromatic polyamide PA11T and a synthetic method thereof and belongs to the technical field of high polymer material synthesis. The structure formula is shown in the description, wherein n is 10-200. The 1, 11-undecanedioic diamide and the terephthalic acid are taken as the raw materials and the synthetic process is finished in a drum type reaction kettle through a one-pot method. By adopting the method, the reaction devices and the synthetic steps are few, the reaction time is short, the polymerization temperature is low, and the method is pollution-free and suitable for the large-scale industrial production. The PA11T produced by the process is excellent in performance and has a good market prospect in the industries such as the electric products and the automobiles.

The invention relates to a method and equipment for cross backflow two-stage double-expansion granular sludge treatment of coking wastewater. The method comprises the following steps: introducing the coking wastewater to a first-stage double-expansion granular sludge reactor and degrading the coking wastewater to produce first-stage treated water; delivering a part of the first-stage treated water to a first-stage aeration backflow column and the other part of the first-stage treated water to a second-stage reactor directly; aerating the treated water which enters the first-stage aeration backflow column, allowing a part of the aerated water and return water of second-stage treatment mixed directly and flow to the first-stage reactor, and making the part of the aerated water and the aerated water of the second-stage treatment mixed and flow into the second-stage reactor; degrading the treated water which enters the second-stage reactor to produce water of the second-stage treatment, directly discharging a part of the water of the second-stage treatment, and making the other part of water of the second-stage treatment flow into a second-stage aeration backflow column; and aerating other part of the water of the second-stage treated treatment, and returning part of the aerated water of the second-stage treatment to the second-stage reactor, and returning the other part of the aerated water of the second-stage treatment to the first-stage reactor as direct return water of the second-stage treatment. The treatment method and equipment can realize the simultaneous efficient removal of COD and ammonia nitrogen from the coking wastewater.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a molecular imprinting film, and specifically relates to an in situ polymerization method on a thin film substrate. According to the preparation method, acrylamide or acrylic acid and the like is adopted as a polymeric monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate or methylene bisacrylamide and the like is adopted as a cross-linking agent, an in situ polymerization treatment is performed on the thin film substrate in presence of template molecules, the template molecules are removed to obtain the target molecular imprinting film. The prepared molecular imprinting film of the present invention has advantages of high selectivity, large adsorption capacity, good stability, and the like, can be used for chemiluminescence sensors, and has good application potential.

The present invention relates generally to sulfated micelle compositions, methods of manufacture, and applications thereof. In particular, the micelles of the present invention provide an efficient enantiomeric separation and detection techniques for use in capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis with mass spectrometry.

The invention discloses a medium and low temperature distillation furnace of coal, a distillation device based on the distillation furnace, and a distillation method. The distillation furnace orderly comprises a first cavity, a second cavity and a cooling cavity from top to bottom, wherein the first cavity, the second cavity and the cooling cavity are orderly communicated through a feeding channel; the first cavity is the same as the second cavity in structure; a plurality of heat exchange tube bundles are arranged inside the first cavity and the second cavity; a plurality of drop guides are arranged between adjacent heat exchange tube bundles; the placement direction of the heat exchange tube bundles is vertical to the movement direction of material coal in the cavities; a plurality of heat storage tubes are arranged at the lateral walls of the first cavity and the second cavity; and the first cavity is divided into a drying section and a first distillation section according to difference of temperature.

The invention relates to a method for three-dimensionally printing a honeycomb-type solid oxide fuel cell with a three-dimensional channel, and belongs to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells. According to the method, positive pole ceramic powder or negative pole ceramic powder serves as a raw material, a structure is designed through three-dimensional mapping software, outputting is carried out through a ceramic three-dimensional printer, and a green body of a honeycomb-type positive pole support body or a negative pole support body with a three-dimensional channel structure is printed and prepared with a one-step method; after the green body is sintered, the positive pole support body or the negative pole support body is obtained; an electrolyte layer and a negative pole layer are sequentially deposited on the positive pole support body to form a positive-pole honeycomb-type solid oxide fuel cell with an emulsion impregnation method; an electrolyte layer and a positive pole layer are sequentially deposited on the negative pole support body to form a negative-pole honeycomb-type solid oxide fuel cell with an emulsion impregnation method. According to the method, preparing is efficient, cost is saved, the mass transfer rate is greatly increased, the automation degree is high, and the batch is stable.

The invention relates to a Mn2P2O7 anode material of a core-shell structured lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof. The Mn2P2O7 is prepared according to the following steps of: (1) dissolving an organic manganese source and a phosphorus source in deionized water to obtain a mixed solution; (2) adjusting a pH value to be 3 to 8; (3) placing the solution in a water bath at 60 to 90 DEG C, and stirring the solution for 10 to 30 hours to form uniform gel; (4) drying the gel for 4 to 15 hours at 60 to 110 DEG C to obtain a Mn2P2O7 precursor; and (5) placing the Mn2P2O7 precursor in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, sintering the Mn2P2O7 precursor at 350 to 700 DEG C for 4 to 14 hours, and cooling the product to the room temperature, thereby obtaining the Mn2P2O7 anode material of the core-shell structured lithium ion battery. The nanometer rod of the Mn2P2O7 is of a core-shell structure and has high specific area, thereby being favorable for ion transmission and infiltration of an electrolyte to an electrode material; and moreover, the conductivity of the nanometer rod is greatly improved due to uniformly-coated amorphous carbon, and the electrochemical performance of the material is excellent.

The invention discloses a short-hole-channel ordered mesoporous silica-sulfur-indium-zinc composite photocatalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The short-hole-channel ordered mesoporous silica-sulfur-indium-zinc composite photocatalyst is prepared through the following steps of mixing ethyl orthosilicate with ZrOCl2, zinc salt, indium salt and a reducing agent so as to obtain a mixture, in the presence of a surfactant, sequentially performing sol-gel treatment, hydrothermal treatment and alcohol ultrasonic treatment, performing sucking filtration, performing cleaning and performing drying. According to the photocatalyst, the integration of adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation is realized, the photocatalyst has high adsorption properties and high photocatalytic activity on volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and hydroxyl radicals produced on the surface of a catalyst can effectively degrade the VOCs adsorbed and enriched by materials in an in-situ manner, so that the reaction rate and the reaction efficiency of photocatalytic degradation on the VOCs can be substantially improved, the photocatalyst can be used as an adsorbent or the photocatalyst for organic contaminants in the field of environmental protection, and the photocatalyst has wide environmental protection application potential.

The invention relates to a prussian blue analogue nanosheet array material and a water electrolysis application thereof, wherein a preparation method of the material comprises the following steps: 1)pretreating foamed nickel to serve as a matrix; 2) mixing a Co(NO3)2.6H2O solution with a Na2Fe(CN)5NO.H2O solution, and then stirring at room temperature until the solution is turbid to obtain a mixed solution; and 3) putting the matrix into the mixed solution, carrying out standing reaction for 2-48 h, and carrying out post-treatment to obtain the prussian blue analogue nanosheet array material.The material is used as a catalyst for water electrolysis reaction. Compared with the prior art, the prepared ultrathin prussian blue analogue nanosheet array material is simple in preparation process and low in cost, can be used for carrying out stable and efficient hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction and total water decomposition under different current densities, and has huge potential value in large-scale hydrogen production application.

A reactor for the oxidation of a precursor to an aromatic carboxylic acid or ester thereof in a liquid phase reaction mixture is disclosed. The reactor comprises an elongate vessel, substantially vertical in use, having an upper mixing element and a lower mixing element, characterised in that the upper mixing element is an axial pumping impeller and the lower mixing element is a radial pumping impeller. A process of producing a carboxylic acid or ester thereof in a reactor of the invention is also disclosed. In use, the configuration of mixing elements leads to three highly turbulent mixing zones. In a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention oxidant, from one inlet, and solvent, precursor and catalyst, are introduced directly into a mixing zone. The highly turbulent mixing zones lead to rapid mass transfer suppressing the formation of unwanted, coloured by-products and reduced reactor fouling.

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic wastewater treatment, and specifically relates to a treatment method of epoxy chloropropane production wastewater. The treatment method comprises the following steps: mixing a catalytic oxidation assistant in the epoxy chloropropane production wastewater in advance, preheating, entering an oxidation reactor, and carrying out oxidation reaction with an oxidant, thus oxidizing organic matters in the epoxy chloropropane production wastewater into H2O, CO2 and HCl; carrying out flash evaporation and evaporation concentration on a reaction solution after reaction, and desalting. According to the treatment method disclosed by the invention, soluble cobalt salt can be combined with Nd2O5 / SBA-15, and a synergistic effect between the soluble cobalt salt and Nd2O5 / SBA-15 can be fully expressed, so that the organic matters in the wastewater can be quickly and deeply oxidized so as to be removed; the content of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) inorganic wastewater is greatly reduced, water and inorganic solid salt can be effectively separated, the content of the organic matters in the water and the inorganic solid salt is low, separated water can be recycled, and the inorganic solid salt can also be used as a byproduct.

The invention provides a liquefaction process using comminuted fuel solids from a steam-driven shear field, with controlled water content and optionally coated with a catalyst. The method allows fuel solids to be liquefied efficiently during comminution or when they are supplied in the form of a slurry or as free-standing solids.

The present invention relates to a process of isolating one or more target compounds, wherein the clarification of feed is performed using partitioning in a multiphase system comprising a first polymer, which is a synthetic poly(acid), a second synthetic polymer, which is a poly(ether), and at least one salt, which clarification is followed by at least one step of affinity chromatography. The molecular weight of the poly(acid) may be in the range of 1000-100,000 Da. The target compound is preferably a biomolecule, such as a monoclonal antibody.

An anti-solvent fluid technique is provided that assists in the formation, production and manufacture of fine particles including micro-sized and nanometer-sized particles for a wide variety of bio-medical and pharmaceutical applications. This technique is particularly effective for the manufacturing of polymers / biopolymers / drugs of micron, submicron or nano size as well as particle coating / encapsulation. Co-solvents are used to dissolve the polymer or mixture of polymers to make a solution. The method facilitates rapid drying of precipitated particles with reduced size and agglomerations. The method includes: (1) providing: an anti-solvent fluid; both organic solvents are soluble in the anti-solvent fluid; a second solvent that is at least partially soluble in or miscible with the first solvent; and a solute that is soluble in the first solvent and is substantially insoluble in the second solvent and the anti-solvent fluid; (2) capillary nozzle(s) are used to inject the solution into anti-solvent; (3) contacting the first solvent, the second solvent and the solute together to form a solution; (4) contacting the solution with the anti-solvent fluid to extract both solvents from the solution and precipitate the solute in the form of particles; and (5) contacting the solution with the anti-solvent fluids to extract both solvents from solution and precipitate the solute(s).

A method for removing boron and phosphorus in silicon at low temperature belongs to the technical field of the production of high purity silicon and the method is to recrystallize and purify silicon in tin-based alloy liquid. The method comprises the following steps: crushing industrial silicon, pickling, pretreating, heating with tin-based alloy for complete melt-blending, cooling to ensure that silicon is recrystallized and precipitated, fast ingotting crystalline silicon, crushing and pickling to obtain the high purity silicon with low boron and phosphorus. In the method of the invention, the recrystallization temperature is 300-1400 DEG C and the silicon loss is less than 5%. Compared with the current metallurgical method for purifying silicon, the impurities of boron and phosphorus can be removed fast and simultaneously and the operating temperature is reduced by 600-1700 DEG C.

The invention relates to a three-dimensional printing method for a honeycomb type electric catalyzing membrane reactor with a three-dimensional channel, and belongs to the technical field of solid oxide electrolytic tanks. The method is characterized in that the three-dimensional printing forming technology of a ceramic material is utilized, an electrolytic ceramic powder is used as a raw material, a three-dimensional drawing software is adopted, and a ceramic three-dimensional printer can perform output, so as to print and form a green body of the honeycomb type electric catalyzing membrane reactor with the three-dimensional channel by one step; the green body is subjected to sintering treatment to obtain an electrolyte supporting body; a cathode and an anode or the anode and the cathode are correspondingly deposited on the upper inner side and the upper outer side of the electrolyte supporting body by the emulsion impregnation method, thus forming the honeycomb type electric catalyzing membrane reactor with the three-dimensional channel. The method is efficient in preparation, can save the cost and greatly improve the mass transfer rate, and is high in automation degree, and stable in batch.

The invention provides a process that comminutes fuel solids in a steam-driven shear field, with controlled water content and optionally a catalyst, with gasification of the free-standing or slurry particulate outputs. Unlike conventional gasification methods the invention requires no dioxygen to be present, and produces dry friable ash that has significant marketable value as a material in its own right.

The invention discloses an immobilized enzyme, an immobilized enzyme carrier and a preparation method of the immobilized enzyme carrier. The immobilized enzyme carrier comprises oxidized graphene and inorganic nano-particles, wherein the inorganic nano-particles modify the surface of oxidized graphene and contain multiple electron groups. The immobilized enzyme carrier is prepared by the steps of enabling a modifying agent in a solvent to adequately react with a surfactant to form the inorganic nano-particles, and modifying the surface of oxidized graphene with the inorganic nano-particles. The immobilized enzyme comprises the immobilized enzyme carrier and lipase immobilized on the immobilized enzyme carrier. The immobilized enzyme carrier has the beneficial effects that on one hand, the surface contains a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups, so that the binding rate with the enzyme is relatively high, the enzyme can be firmly immobilized on the surface of the carrier, and the operational stability of the enzyme is improved; on the other hand, the specific surface area is relatively large, so that a sufficient catalytic interface environment and mass transfer are provided for the catalytic process of the immobilized enzyme; and furthermore, the agglomeration of oxidized graphene in repeated use is inhibited by the immobilized enzyme carrier, so that the coverage of the enzyme by a graphite layer is reduced, and the repeated usability of the enzyme is improved.

The invention provides a micronized form of coal particles with improved characteristics for porosity, hydration and preservation of pristine surfaces. The coal of the invention can burn at low temperatures, avoiding emissions of nitrogen oxides, and also has improved properties for surfactant-free suspension in either water or oil media, as well as for liquefaction and gasification.

The invention discloses a morphological control method for functional hydrothermal carbon. The morphological control method includes the steps that after glucose or cane sugar is mixed with a sulfuric acid solution with the mass percent of 40% in the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:13, morphological control agents are added, wherein the mass ratio of the morphological control agents to the glucose or the cane sugar is 1:25 to 7:25; the mixture is heated to 95 DEG C, dehydration carbonization is carried out for 6 h, washing and filtering are carried out, drying is carried out for 12 h under the condition of 120 DEG C, and the regular-morphology hydrothermal carbon is obtained. The morphological control method has the advantages that the problems that under the low temperature condition, morphology is irregular, and particle size distribution is wide are solved. Porous carbon prepared from the hydrothermal carbon with a phosphoric acid activating method shows quite good electrochemical performance and is high in mass transferring speed and long in service life, and the specific capacitance value ranges from 160 F / g to 210 F / g. The product shows the quite good electrochemical performance through further pore regulating and controlling, and has great development potential in the aspects of electrode materials and supercapacitors.

The invention relates to a technique for synthesizing polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether, particularly a technique for synthesizing polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether from methanol, methylal and polyformaldehyde. The technique is divided into a reaction region and a rectification region. The process of the reaction region comprises the following steps: vaporizing methylal, mixing, sending into a regular-structure fixed-bed reactor (7), and reacting to generate a mixture containing the target product polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether. The rectification region sequentially comprises three separation rectification towers connected in series and a product storage tank (28). The three separation rectification towers connected in series are sequentially a first separation rectification tower (17), a second separation rectification tower (22) and a third separation rectification tower (25). The technique is characterized in that by adopting the regular-structure catalyst and reactor, the catalyst consumption is greatly saved, the catalyst and reactor are simple for amplification and flexible for operation, and the technique has lower methylal yield and higher polymer product selectivity on the premise of keeping higher reaction activity and product selectivity.

The invention discloses an enzymatic crosslinking chitosan / polyethyleneimine grafted magnetic gelatin material and a preparing method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environment. The preparing method includes the steps that a transglutaminase substrate is used for selectively preparing magnetic gelatin particles, iron ion leakage is effectively prevented by an enzymatic crosslinking gelatin shell, as only gelatin glutamy / lysine crosslinking is carried out, and while mechanical stability is maintained, the magnetic gelatin particles reserve a great number of amino groups to chelate metal ions. The surface of the magnetic gelatin material is modified by a polyethyleneimine / chitosan copolymer, the number of amino groups is increased exponentially, and the enzymatic crosslinking chitosan / polyethyleneimine grafted magnetic gelatin material having adsorption capacity and mechanochemistry stability is obtained. The gelatin material has the advantages of being fast in magnetic separation, large in adsorption capacity, fast in mass transfer, green, nontoxic, low in cost and capable of effectively removing heavy metal ions in water.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a conductive polymer based electromagnetic composite material. The method comprises the following steps of: respectively preparing magnetic powder suspending liquid, monomer dispersion liquid and an initiator solution, filling the magnetic powder suspending liquid, the monomer dispersion liquid and the initiator solution into three injectors, and continuously injecting the magnetic powder suspending liquid, the monomer dispersion liquid and the initiator solution into respective microtubules at a constant pushing speed respectively; mixing the reaction solutions in a reaction tube after the reaction solutions flow through the microtubules, and performing fluid reaction polymerization at room temperature under ultrasound assistance; and performing magnetic separation, washing, and freeze-drying on the product to obtain the conductive polymer based electromagnetic composite material. The method is simple, low in energy consumption, good in repeatability, capable of realizing continuous and fast preparation of the product, and easy to realize industrial production; and the prepared conductive polymer based electromagnetic composite material is uniform in particle size, large in specific area, stable in physical and chemical properties, difficult to agglomerate, good in dispersity and excellent in electromagnetic comprehensive performance, and has a good application prospect.

The invention provides a microfluidic-based nucleic acid hybridization reaction platform and a microfluidic-based nucleic acid hybridization analysis method. The platform consists of an upper layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer is a microfluidic chip controlled by a micropump and a microvalve; the lower layer is a substrate for fixing an oligonucleotide probe; and a fluid channel or a chamber is formed by the upper layer and the lower layer through irreversible sealing. The hybridization analysis method comprises a step of promoting liquid flow to automatically flow to and fro in a hybridization channel by taking positive pressure and negative pressure which are controlled by a program as a driving force, namely filling a sample into a microchannel by a capillary force or negative pressure after the sample enters a waste liquid chamber, and promoting liquid to flow to and fro in the microchannel by controlling the pushing and bounce (positive pressure and negative pressure) of two valve seats at both ends of the liquid channel. The microfluidic-based nucleic acid hybridization reaction platform and the microfluidic-based nucleic acid hybridization analysis method have the advantages that: mass transfer of materials is quick, hybridization time is short, the sample consumption is low, a hybridization signal of the sample can be detected in real time, the integration is easy to realize, a plurality of samples can be subjected to parallel analysis synchronously and the like.