123results about How to "Improve nitrogen use efficiency" patented technology

The invention relates to a novel formulation useful as a nitrification and urease inhibitor, said formulation comprising an effective amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, castor oil and oil derived from Artemisia annua, in an amount sufficient to enhance the nitrification activity of the formulation, a method for producing the formulation and method for applying the same to soil.

The invention relates to a special controlled release fertilizer and preparation method for rice, belonging to technical field of slow release and controlled release fertilizer. The invention is characterized in that the invention remix accurately the 5% and 6% of thermoplastic resin membrane urea, the sulfur membrane urea with the potassium chloride compound fertilizer, the potassium chloride and the zinc sulfate according to fertilizer requirement of the rice to form the special formulation of controlled release fertilizer for rice. The invention has the advantages that the nutrient release law of the controlled release fertilizer is matched with the nutrient absorption law of the rice, the controlled release fertilizer costs can be decreased, furthermore, after fertilizing once the controlled release fertilizer before transplanting of rice, no supplementary fertilizer is needed, the labor intensity and worker costs of farmer can be also reduced.

The invention discloses a soil conditioner which is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of attapulgite, 10-50 parts of decomposed coal, and 10-50 parts of urea. The soil conditioner disclosed by the invention is simple in formula, low in cost, good in effect and suitable for agricultural popularization and application; the soil conditioner can prevent a nitrogenous fertilizer from volatizing and running off, so as to improve the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer and promote absorption and utilization rates of the other large-element chemical fertilizers, can strengthen the fertility of the soil, promotes development of plant roots and activity of beneficial microorganisms, helps the soil release various nutrient elements which facilitate plant absorption, can effectively improve the soil, increases the fertility of the soil, improves the content of organic matters in the soil, treats hardening, desertification and salinization of the soil, improves the permeability of the soil, increases the ability for preserving water and fertilizer of the soil, reduces moisture evaporation of the soil, increases cation exchange capacity of the soil and promotes better absorption of the microelement by the plant roots.

The invention discloses a hyperspectral measurement method of the nitrogen content of wheat plants. The method comprises the following steps: selecting test samples, collecting data, processing the data and screening models, constructing a most suitable monitoring model of the nitrogen content of the wheat plants, optimizing the monitoring model of the nitrogen content of the wheat plants, and testing and inspecting the monitoring model of the nitrogen content of the wheat plants. According to the method, different wheat genotypes are used as materials, hyperspectral remote-sensing technologyis utilized to measure the nitrogen content of the wheat plants under different conditions of planting locations, years, growth development time periods, fertilization levels, planting density and thelike, the hyperspectral remote-sensing technology overcomes the disadvantages of cumbersomeness, troubles and manpower consuming of traditional measurement methods, a large amount of continuous spectral information can be quickly, effectively and non-destructively obtained, and possibility is provided for real-time monitoring of crop growth trends and nutritional status and estimation of crop nitrogen content, yield, quality and the like.

The invention discloses a special lecithin-coated slow release fertilizer for cotton. The slow release fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, superphosphate, zinc sulfate, borax, lecithin and amidinothiourea; and the production method of the slow release fertilizer comprises the steps of: firstly, granulating monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, superphosphate, zinc sulfate, borax and most part of urea (used after fusion) to form inner-layer particles; then spraying mixture of the rest of urea (used after fusion) and amidinothiourea on the inner-layer particles; and coating the outer layer with lecithin. As a sustained-release material (lecithin) and a controlled-release material which is amidinothiourea serving as a urease inhibitor and a nitrification inhibitor are selected and used in the slow release fertilizer, the effective period of a nitrogenous fertilizer is prolonged to 121 days from about 30 days, the effective period of the nitrogenous fertilizer is prolonged greatly, the utilization rate of the nitrogenous fertilizer for cotton is improved greatly, the utilization rate of the nitrogenous fertilizer in a cotton season is improved by 37%, the fixation and the loss of a phosphorus potassium fertilizer are reduced, and the utilization rate of the phosphorus potassium fertilizer in a cotton season is improved by 13% and 5% respectively.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation and breeding and discloses a method for screening a variety with the highest nitrogen use ratio from various cut-flower chrysanthemum varieties, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a) acquiring a water planting seedling; b) performing the sandy culturing primary screening: dividing the water planting seedling into two groups, performing the low-nitrogen treatment on one group while performing the normal nitrogen treatment on the other group, respectively measuring the screening indexes of each variety containing the relative dry weight, relative nitrogen content and relative chlorophyll content, and then screening 2 to 6 varieties with higher nitrogen use ratio and 2 to 6 varieties with lower nitrogen use ratio for the purpose of performing comparison; and c) performing the nutrient solution cultivating repeated screening: cultivating the varieties screened from the step b) in the nutrient solution, and repeatedly screening one variety with the highest nitrogen use ratio and one variety with the lowest nitrogen use ratio. The cut-flower chrysanthemum variety which is finally screened by using the method is used for further improving the existing cut-flower chrysanthemum variety and providing the material for researching the biological characteristics and the physiologic biochemical system of the cut-flower chrysanthemum variety.

The present invention discloses one kind of slowly/control released fertilizer specially for field and its production process. The fertilizer consists of urea 30-45 weight portions, monoammoium phosphate 10-45 weight portions, mixture of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide as the coating material 20-45 weight portions, mixture of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid as the adhesive 10-15 weight portions, and industrial alcohol solution of rosin as the sealant 3-5 weight portions. The fertilizer is produced with the materials and through pelletizing, stoving, cooling and sieving and has granularity of 2-4 mm. The slowly/control released fertilizer has obvious slowly/control releasing effect, high nitrogen fertilizer utilizing rate and other advantages.

Systems for sorting seeds are disclosed, as well as batches of seeds that have been sorted using the systems.

The invention discloses a fast-growing aquatic plant nitrate transport protein GeNRT2.1 and a coding gene and application thereof. The protein is the protein a or the protein b or the protein c, wherein the protein a is provided with an amino acid sequence shown in the sequence 5 in a sequence table; the protein b is a fusion protein obtained by connecting labels to the end N and/or the end C of the protein shown in the sequence 5 in the sequence table; the protein c has the same function and is the protein obtained through substitute and/or deletion and/or addition of one or more amino acid residues for the amino acid sequence shown in the sequence 5 in the sequence table. A test proves that the protein GeNRT2.1 has the function of a nitrate transport protein and can improve the plant nitrogen utilization efficiency, so that the plant grows rapidly.

A method for enhancing growth of plants comprising contacting a Trichoderma strain with the plant or a plant seed under conditions effective for the Trichoderma strain to colonize the roots of the plant or a plant grown from the plant seed, thereby creating a plant-Trichoderma system. The plant or plant seed is grown under conditions effective to sustain the plant-Trichoderma system in a planting medium and to enhance plant growth. The Trichoderma strain is selected from the group consisting of Trichoderma atroviride strain WW10TC4 (ATCC accession number PTA 9707), Trichoderma harzianum strain RR17Bc (ATCC accession number PTA 9708), Trichoderma harzianum strain F11 Bab (ATCC accession number PTA 9709), and combinations thereof. Methods of enhancing resistance of plants to abiotic stress, increasing nitrogen use efficacy in plants, reducing nitrous oxide emissions in air, reducing leaching of nitrates into soil and water, and enhancing sequestration of carbon from air are disclosed.

The invention discloses a nitrogen fertilizer immobilization process using an active soil and flocculant/adsorbent composite material. Attapulgite clay is chemically modified by irradiation to improve dispersibility and can form a multilayer micro-/nano-scale network structure by self-assembly in a water-poor environment under the action of flocculants, the adsorbed nitrogen fertilizer together with the non-adsorbed nitrogen fertilizer is embedded inside the network structure by use of biological carbon with high adsorbability, so that the nutrients of the nitrogen fertilizer are effectively stored in the network structure to prevent free migration of the nutrients and control the loss of the nutrients to the environment. The process can effectively reduce the migration and loss of nitrogen elements, increase the utilization efficiency of chemical fertilizers and reduce the environmental pollution caused by the loss of nitrogen elements. The process can achieve the effects of reducing the discharge of fertilizers, increasing the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers, reducing the consumption of chemical fertilizers, protecting the environment, reducing the cost and simplifying the process, and is significant in controlling eutrophication non-point pollution of water bodies and protecting the ecological environment.

A structurally modified lignite composition with or without having functionally enhanced organic molecules extracted there-from, said functionally enhanced organic molecules having enhanced or reduced number of one or more of functional groups selected from a group comprising of carbonyl, carboxyl, amidic, ester, phenolic, alcoholic, ketone and aldehyde groups and having molecular weight selected from a group comprising of (i) below 500, (ii) between 500 and 1000, (iii) between 1000 and 5000, (iv) equal to or greater than 5000 and (v) a combination of utmost of any of the three of (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) thereof.

The invention provides a high-yield cultivation method adopting cotton-peanut intercropping in a year and inter-annual local crop rotation. According to the technical scheme, the method includes: cotton and peanuts are sown at the same time in the first year, four rows of peanuts are planted in a strip-shaped and intercropping manner after every two rows of cotton are planted in a strip-shaped manner, and alternating intercropping of the cotton sowing strips and the peanut sowing strips is performed; the cotton and the peanuts are sown at the same time in the second year, local crop rotation is performed, two rows of cotton are planted in a strip-shaped manner after every four rows of peanuts are planted in a strip-shaped manner, and alternating intercropping of the peanut sowing strips and the cotton sowing strips is performed. The method has the advantages that growth is regulated by the different space and time sequence configurations of the cotton and the peanuts, stress resistance is increased, yield is guaranteed and stabilized, successive cropping obstacles are relieved, and high yield of both the cotton and the peanuts is achieved.

The invention provides isolated NUE (nitrogen utilization efficiency) nucleic acids and their encoded proteins. The present invention provides methods and compositions relating to altering nitrogen utilization and/or uptake in plants. The invention further provides recombinant expression cassettes, host cells, and transgenic plants.

The invention discloses a hybrid seed production method for nitrogen efficient maize, which comprises the following steps of: selecting maize inbred lines shown as (1), (2) and (3) as a parent strain; hybridizing to obtain an F1 generation; selecting the maize F1 generation meeting the conditions shown as A, B and C to obtain a target new maize combination (or a new variety). By the method disclosed by the invention, a new maize variety is obtained, the utilization efficiency of nitrogen is improved, and the yield is obviously increased compared with a contrast. Therefore, the method disclosed by the invention is favorable for increasing the breeding efficiency of a new maize nitrogen efficient variety, and has a broad application prospect in the field of maize breeding.

The invention discloses a special plant expression vector pK2-35S-Prbcs-*T-GS2 which contains an arabidopsis chloroplast type glutamine synthetase gene (GS2) and can improve the metabolic ability of plant nitrogen. A RT-PCR method is utilized to clone a GS2 gene from a model plant Arabidopsis, a promoter of a Rubisco small subunit with the light-inducible promoter is used to control the overexpression of the GS2 gene in plant leaves, and the GS2 gene is transformed into wild tobacco through a leaf disk transformation method. The experimental result shows that the GS2 gene can perform normal transcription in transgenic tobacco and the growth condition of a strain with the GS2 gene is better than that of a check plant (un-transformed wild type) under low nitrogen nutrition condition, which indicates that the overexpression of the GS2 gene can improve the efficiency of a GS/GOGAT (glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthetase) way to a great extent, thereby improving the capability of the assimilation of the plant nitrogen. The special vector has the advantages that the special vector can be used for molecular breeding of crops, improves the utilization rate of nitrogen and the tolerance to low nitrogen stress, and obtains higher yield under the condition of small nitrogenous fertilizer application or even no nitrogenous fertilizer application.

A transgenic plant comprising a polynucleotide encoding a nitrogen utilization protein operably linked to a PBpr1 promoter is provided. The transgenic plant exhibits increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased biomass and/or increased seed yield. Seeds from such transgenic plants, genetic constructs to prepare such plants, methods of generating and growing transgenic plants are also provided.