123results about How to "Improve nitrogen use efficiency" patented technology

The present invention relates to a fertilizer comprising at least one microbe selected from the group consisting of Trichoderma viride (NRRL B-50520), Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (NRRL B-50521), Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (NRRL B-50522), and combinations thereof, and a substrate which is acted upon by the at least one microbe to release nitrogen. The invention also relates to a fertilizer comprising at least one microbe selected from a keratin degrading microorganism and a keratin substrate which is acted upon by the at least one microbe to release nitrogen. The invention further relates to a method for enhancing growth of plants with the fertilizer, and methods of making a fertilizer. The invention further relates to an isolated Trichoderma viride strain (NRRL B-50520) and two isolated Scopulariopsis brevicaulis strains (NRRL B-50521, NRRL B-50522).

The invention relates to a novel formulation useful as a nitrification and urease inhibitor, said formulation comprising an effective amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, castor oil and oil derived from Artemisia annua, in an amount sufficient to enhance the nitrification activity of the formulation, a method for producing the formulation and method for applying the same to soil.

The invention relates to the nitrogen manure, in particular to the slow-release and long-effect urea fertilizer coating a layer of biochemical inhibitor on the urea surface and the preparation process. The fertilizer components are the urea, the biochemical inhibitor, the bond and the organic solvent. The process is that: the levitated solution mixed with the biochemical inhibitor, the bond and the organic solvent is sprayed and coated on the surface of the molding urea granule under the fluidized state through a fluidized bed to gain the slow-release urea fertilizer. The fertilizer of the invention makes full play of the functions and effects of two biochemical inhibitors, makes the fertilizer effect period prolonged obviously and realizes that once basal nitrogen fertilizer application can meet the requirement of whole growing seasons on the nitrogen. The agricultural production saves labor and time with low production cost and friendly environment. For the secondary processing of the urea, the preparation process of the invention has simple operation and easy realization and can carry out industrial production on a large scale.

The invention relates to a special controlled release fertilizer and preparation method for rice, belonging to technical field of slow release and controlled release fertilizer. The invention is characterized in that the invention remix accurately the 5% and 6% of thermoplastic resin membrane urea, the sulfur membrane urea with the potassium chloride compound fertilizer, the potassium chloride and the zinc sulfate according to fertilizer requirement of the rice to form the special formulation of controlled release fertilizer for rice. The invention has the advantages that the nutrient release law of the controlled release fertilizer is matched with the nutrient absorption law of the rice, the controlled release fertilizer costs can be decreased, furthermore, after fertilizing once the controlled release fertilizer before transplanting of rice, no supplementary fertilizer is needed, the labor intensity and worker costs of farmer can be also reduced.

The invention discloses a soil conditioner which is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of attapulgite, 10-50 parts of decomposed coal, and 10-50 parts of urea. The soil conditioner disclosed by the invention is simple in formula, low in cost, good in effect and suitable for agricultural popularization and application; the soil conditioner can prevent a nitrogenous fertilizer from volatizing and running off, so as to improve the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer and promote absorption and utilization rates of the other large-element chemical fertilizers, can strengthen the fertility of the soil, promotes development of plant roots and activity of beneficial microorganisms, helps the soil release various nutrient elements which facilitate plant absorption, can effectively improve the soil, increases the fertility of the soil, improves the content of organic matters in the soil, treats hardening, desertification and salinization of the soil, improves the permeability of the soil, increases the ability for preserving water and fertilizer of the soil, reduces moisture evaporation of the soil, increases cation exchange capacity of the soil and promotes better absorption of the microelement by the plant roots.

The invention discloses a soilless cultivation method capable of reducing nitrate of lettuce leaves, and aims to overcome the problem of the prior art that the content of nitrate of lettuce leaves is higher. The method comprises the following steps: 1, soaking and sprouting seed; 2, seeding in a manual climatic box: 1) positioning a plastic nutrition pot in which the seed is sown in the manual climatic box, the temperature in the daytime is DEG C, the intensity of illumination is 5-6 grade, the temperature at night is 15-20 DEG C, the intensity of illumination is 0 grade, the relative humidity is 70-80% RH; 2) after that the lettuce, pakchoi and cherry radish grows for true leaves for 3 pieces or 4 pieces, the height of the pea seedling is 5-6cm, preparing to transplant seedlings; 3) in order to transplant the crops at the same time, growing seedlings for the lettuce, pakchoi and cherry radish at the same batch, and growing pea seedling after 15 plus / minus 1 days; 3, transplanting seedlings; 4, preparing before fixed planting; 5, fixed planting; 6, setting cultivation environment; 7, adjusting pH and conductivity EC value of the nutrient solution in the aerosol cultivation box; 8, harvesting plants.

The invention provides isolated NUE (nitrogen utilization efficiency) nucleic acids and their encoded proteins. The present invention provides methods and compositions relating to altering nitrogen utilization and / or uptake in plants. The invention further provides recombinant expression cassettes, host cells, and transgenic plants.

The invention discloses a hyperspectral measurement method of the nitrogen content of wheat plants. The method comprises the following steps: selecting test samples, collecting data, processing the data and screening models, constructing a most suitable monitoring model of the nitrogen content of the wheat plants, optimizing the monitoring model of the nitrogen content of the wheat plants, and testing and inspecting the monitoring model of the nitrogen content of the wheat plants. According to the method, different wheat genotypes are used as materials, hyperspectral remote-sensing technologyis utilized to measure the nitrogen content of the wheat plants under different conditions of planting locations, years, growth development time periods, fertilization levels, planting density and thelike, the hyperspectral remote-sensing technology overcomes the disadvantages of cumbersomeness, troubles and manpower consuming of traditional measurement methods, a large amount of continuous spectral information can be quickly, effectively and non-destructively obtained, and possibility is provided for real-time monitoring of crop growth trends and nutritional status and estimation of crop nitrogen content, yield, quality and the like.

The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for increasing the leaf-to-root ratio of the signal metabolite 2-oxoglutaramate and related proline molecules in plants by modulating levels of ω-amidase to increase nitrogen use efficiency, resulting in enhanced growth, faster growth rates, greater seed and fruit / pod yields, earlier and more productive flowering, increased tolerance to high salt conditions, and increased biomass yields.

The invention discloses a special lecithin-coated slow release fertilizer for cotton. The slow release fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, superphosphate, zinc sulfate, borax, lecithin and amidinothiourea; and the production method of the slow release fertilizer comprises the steps of: firstly, granulating monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, superphosphate, zinc sulfate, borax and most part of urea (used after fusion) to form inner-layer particles; then spraying mixture of the rest of urea (used after fusion) and amidinothiourea on the inner-layer particles; and coating the outer layer with lecithin. As a sustained-release material (lecithin) and a controlled-release material which is amidinothiourea serving as a urease inhibitor and a nitrification inhibitor are selected and used in the slow release fertilizer, the effective period of a nitrogenous fertilizer is prolonged to 121 days from about 30 days, the effective period of the nitrogenous fertilizer is prolonged greatly, the utilization rate of the nitrogenous fertilizer for cotton is improved greatly, the utilization rate of the nitrogenous fertilizer in a cotton season is improved by 37%, the fixation and the loss of a phosphorus potassium fertilizer are reduced, and the utilization rate of the phosphorus potassium fertilizer in a cotton season is improved by 13% and 5% respectively.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation and breeding and discloses a method for screening a variety with the highest nitrogen use ratio from various cut-flower chrysanthemum varieties, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a) acquiring a water planting seedling; b) performing the sandy culturing primary screening: dividing the water planting seedling into two groups, performing the low-nitrogen treatment on one group while performing the normal nitrogen treatment on the other group, respectively measuring the screening indexes of each variety containing the relative dry weight, relative nitrogen content and relative chlorophyll content, and then screening 2 to 6 varieties with higher nitrogen use ratio and 2 to 6 varieties with lower nitrogen use ratio for the purpose of performing comparison; and c) performing the nutrient solution cultivating repeated screening: cultivating the varieties screened from the step b) in the nutrient solution, and repeatedly screening one variety with the highest nitrogen use ratio and one variety with the lowest nitrogen use ratio. The cut-flower chrysanthemum variety which is finally screened by using the method is used for further improving the existing cut-flower chrysanthemum variety and providing the material for researching the biological characteristics and the physiologic biochemical system of the cut-flower chrysanthemum variety.

The present invention discloses one kind of slowly / control released fertilizer specially for field and its production process. The fertilizer consists of urea 30-45 weight portions, monoammoium phosphate 10-45 weight portions, mixture of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide as the coating material 20-45 weight portions, mixture of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid as the adhesive 10-15 weight portions, and industrial alcohol solution of rosin as the sealant 3-5 weight portions. The fertilizer is produced with the materials and through pelletizing, stoving, cooling and sieving and has granularity of 2-4 mm. The slowly / control released fertilizer has obvious slowly / control releasing effect, high nitrogen fertilizer utilizing rate and other advantages.

The invention discloses a fast-growing aquatic plant nitrate transport protein GeNRT2.1 and a coding gene and application thereof. The protein is the protein a or the protein b or the protein c, wherein the protein a is provided with an amino acid sequence shown in the sequence 5 in a sequence table; the protein b is a fusion protein obtained by connecting labels to the end N and / or the end C of the protein shown in the sequence 5 in the sequence table; the protein c has the same function and is the protein obtained through substitute and / or deletion and / or addition of one or more amino acid residues for the amino acid sequence shown in the sequence 5 in the sequence table. A test proves that the protein GeNRT2.1 has the function of a nitrate transport protein and can improve the plant nitrogen utilization efficiency, so that the plant grows rapidly.

A method for enhancing growth of plants comprising contacting a Trichoderma strain with the plant or a plant seed under conditions effective for the Trichoderma strain to colonize the roots of the plant or a plant grown from the plant seed, thereby creating a plant-Trichoderma system. The plant or plant seed is grown under conditions effective to sustain the plant-Trichoderma system in a planting medium and to enhance plant growth. The Trichoderma strain is selected from the group consisting of Trichoderma atroviride strain WW10TC4 (ATCC accession number PTA 9707), Trichoderma harzianum strain RR17Bc (ATCC accession number PTA 9708), Trichoderma harzianum strain F11 Bab (ATCC accession number PTA 9709), and combinations thereof. Methods of enhancing resistance of plants to abiotic stress, increasing nitrogen use efficacy in plants, reducing nitrous oxide emissions in air, reducing leaching of nitrates into soil and water, and enhancing sequestration of carbon from air are disclosed.

The invention relates to a special plant expression vector pH2-35S-PrbcS-GS1 which comprises an arabidopsis thaliana cytoplasm glutamine synthetase gene GS1 and can improve the utilization rate of a plant nitrogen element. A method of RT-PCR is used for cloning the GS1 gene from the arabidopsis thaliana of a model plant, a photoinduction type promotor (the promotor of a a small subunit Rubisco) is used for controlling the excessive expression of the GS1 gene in a plant leaf and a leaf disc conversion method is used for transferring the GS1 gene into a pPZP221-PrbcS-Dof1 type transgene tobacco. An experiment result shows that the GS1 gene can be normally transferred in the transgene tobacco; under the nutrition condition of low nitrogen and the growing conditions of indoor irradiation for 24 hours of 2000LUX and 25 DEG C, the growing situation of the plant transferred with the single gene of Dof1 is (the expression of the gene is controlled by the photoinduction type promotor Prbcs) is a little better than that of a contrast tobacco (a wild type without transgene); after being transferred under the natural growing condition of a green house, the growing situation of the tobacco which is simultaneously transferred with the GS1 gene and the Dof1 gene shows remarkable growing advantages than that of the contrast plant; and therefore, simultaneously and excessively expressing the GS1 gene and the Dof1 gene, can improve the efficiency of the GS / GOGAT (glutamine synthetase / glutamic acid synthetase) approaches in the leaf more extensively, thereby improving the utilization rate of the plant nitrogen element. The vector can be broadly applied to the molecule breeding of crops, improving the utilization rate of the plant nitrogen element thereof and the durability to the nutrition condition of low nitrogen and being capable of obtaining a higher yield under the conditions of applying less fertilizers and even not applying the fertilizers.

The invention discloses a nitrogen fertilizer immobilization process using an active soil and flocculant / adsorbent composite material. Attapulgite clay is chemically modified by irradiation to improve dispersibility and can form a multilayer micro- / nano-scale network structure by self-assembly in a water-poor environment under the action of flocculants, the adsorbed nitrogen fertilizer together with the non-adsorbed nitrogen fertilizer is embedded inside the network structure by use of biological carbon with high adsorbability, so that the nutrients of the nitrogen fertilizer are effectively stored in the network structure to prevent free migration of the nutrients and control the loss of the nutrients to the environment. The process can effectively reduce the migration and loss of nitrogen elements, increase the utilization efficiency of chemical fertilizers and reduce the environmental pollution caused by the loss of nitrogen elements. The process can achieve the effects of reducing the discharge of fertilizers, increasing the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers, reducing the consumption of chemical fertilizers, protecting the environment, reducing the cost and simplifying the process, and is significant in controlling eutrophication non-point pollution of water bodies and protecting the ecological environment.

A structurally modified lignite composition with or without having functionally enhanced organic molecules extracted there-from, said functionally enhanced organic molecules having enhanced or reduced number of one or more of functional groups selected from a group comprising of carbonyl, carboxyl, amidic, ester, phenolic, alcoholic, ketone and aldehyde groups and having molecular weight selected from a group comprising of (i) below 500, (ii) between 500 and 1000, (iii) between 1000 and 5000, (iv) equal to or greater than 5000 and (v) a combination of utmost of any of the three of (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) thereof.

A method for enhancing growth of plants comprising contacting a Trichoderma strain with the plant or a plant seed under conditions effective for the Trichoderma strain to colonize the roots of the plant or a plant grown from the plant seed, thereby creating a plant-Trichoderma system. The plant or plant seed is grown under conditions effective to sustain the plant-Trichoderma system in a planting medium and to enhance plant growth. The Trichoderma strain is selected from the group consisting of Trichoderma atroviride strain WW10TC4 (ATCC accession number PTA 9707), Trichoderma harzianum strain RR17Bc (ATCC accession number PTA 9708), Trichoderma harzianum strain F11 Bab (ATCC accession number PTA 9709), and combinations thereof. Methods of enhancing resistance of plants to abiotic stress, increasing nitrogen use efficacy in plants, reducing nitrous oxide emissions in air, reducing leaching of nitrates into soil and water, and enhancing sequestration of carbon from air are disclosed.

The invention relates to the field of fertilizer production, particularly application of a composite synergist into Southern double cropping rice. The composite synergist NAM (N-acetylmuramic acid) is used as a synergist applicable to slow release fertilizers for Southern double cropping rice seedlings. After the composite synergist is compounded with the slow release fertilizer, the compound fertilizer applied to the Southern double cropping rice field can greatly enhance the rice yield, is convenient for production and use, obviously reduces the greenhouse gas emission in the rice field, lowers the nitrate pollution, and has the advantages of strong technical compatibility, low cost and the like. The invention can receive favorable economic, social and ecological effects.

The invention provides a high-yield cultivation method adopting cotton-peanut intercropping in a year and inter-annual local crop rotation. According to the technical scheme, the method includes: cotton and peanuts are sown at the same time in the first year, four rows of peanuts are planted in a strip-shaped and intercropping manner after every two rows of cotton are planted in a strip-shaped manner, and alternating intercropping of the cotton sowing strips and the peanut sowing strips is performed; the cotton and the peanuts are sown at the same time in the second year, local crop rotation is performed, two rows of cotton are planted in a strip-shaped manner after every four rows of peanuts are planted in a strip-shaped manner, and alternating intercropping of the peanut sowing strips and the cotton sowing strips is performed. The method has the advantages that growth is regulated by the different space and time sequence configurations of the cotton and the peanuts, stress resistance is increased, yield is guaranteed and stabilized, successive cropping obstacles are relieved, and high yield of both the cotton and the peanuts is achieved.

The invention discloses a bag-controlled sustained release fertilizer for a mango tree and an application method thereof. The bag-controlled sustained release fertilizer for the mango tree specifically involves preparation of a fertilizer bag, compositions of a fertilizer, and a fertilizer application method. According to the bag-controlled sustained release fertilizer for the mango tree and the application method thereof, a package bag is made of paper; the package bag is started to decompose spontaneously two years after the fertilizer is applied; soil and air are not polluted, and a soil loosening effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the fertilizer efficiency of the bag-controlled sustained release fertilizer is long; the nutrient utilization rate is high. The effects of improving crop yieldand improving crop quality can be achieved. The manpower and material resources used for applying the fertilizer can also be saved effectively; the fertilizer is really applied quantitatively and accurately according to the requirement of the mango tree; meanwhile, the concentration of quick effective nutrients of the soil can be kept stable; the defect that the nutrient concentration of fertilizer applied soil fluctuates greatly is overcome; the nitrogen utilization rate is improved by 10 percent. In addition, the effects of protecting oil and reducing environment pollution are also achieved.By promoting and applying the bag-controlled sustained release fertilizer, safety and environment friendliness can be achieved; the bag-controlled sustained release fertilizer has long-term ecological benefits and remarkable social and ecological benefits, benefits the nation and the people, and has a very broad prospect.

The invention provides isolated NUE (nitrogen utilization efficiency) nucleic acids and their encoded proteins. The present invention provides methods and compositions relating to altering nitrogen utilization and / or uptake in plants. The invention further provides recombinant expression cassettes, host cells, and transgenic plants.

The invention discloses a special medicinal fertilizer for overwintering pisum sativum and a production method thereof. The production method of the special medicinal fertilizer is characterized by mixing and granulating urea, calcium superphosphate, Sugumi potassium, ammonium molybdate, borax and DMPP to obtain inner cores, pelletizing for two times, and coating with a coating agent, wherein the components pelletized for the first time comprise urea, monoammonium phosphate, Sugumi potassium, compound potassium nitrophenolate, the solution of tea saponin and nicotine, matrine, DMPP and a colloidal suspension, the components pelletized for the second time comprise urea, a calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizer, Sugumi potassium, a chelated salt of amino acid and trace elements, borax, DMPP and a colloidal suspension, and the components of the coating agent comprise imidacloprid, Dual metolachlor, a film forming agent, pearl powder, titanium dioxide and a dye. Through one-time coating, two-time granulating and three-time controlled-release material using, the effective period of urea can be prolonged to 170 days from 15 days or so. The special medicinal fertilizer disclosed by the invention has the effects of weeding, killing insects, promoting the growth of plants and increasing the fruit setting rate of plants.

The invention discloses a hybrid seed production method for nitrogen efficient maize, which comprises the following steps of: selecting maize inbred lines shown as (1), (2) and (3) as a parent strain; hybridizing to obtain an F1 generation; selecting the maize F1 generation meeting the conditions shown as A, B and C to obtain a target new maize combination (or a new variety). By the method disclosed by the invention, a new maize variety is obtained, the utilization efficiency of nitrogen is improved, and the yield is obviously increased compared with a contrast. Therefore, the method disclosed by the invention is favorable for increasing the breeding efficiency of a new maize nitrogen efficient variety, and has a broad application prospect in the field of maize breeding.

The invention discloses a special plant expression vector pK2-35S-Prbcs-*T-GS2 which contains an arabidopsis chloroplast type glutamine synthetase gene (GS2) and can improve the metabolic ability of plant nitrogen. A RT-PCR method is utilized to clone a GS2 gene from a model plant Arabidopsis, a promoter of a Rubisco small subunit with the light-inducible promoter is used to control the overexpression of the GS2 gene in plant leaves, and the GS2 gene is transformed into wild tobacco through a leaf disk transformation method. The experimental result shows that the GS2 gene can perform normal transcription in transgenic tobacco and the growth condition of a strain with the GS2 gene is better than that of a check plant (un-transformed wild type) under low nitrogen nutrition condition, which indicates that the overexpression of the GS2 gene can improve the efficiency of a GS / GOGAT (glutamine synthetase / glutamate synthetase) way to a great extent, thereby improving the capability of the assimilation of the plant nitrogen. The special vector has the advantages that the special vector can be used for molecular breeding of crops, improves the utilization rate of nitrogen and the tolerance to low nitrogen stress, and obtains higher yield under the condition of small nitrogenous fertilizer application or even no nitrogenous fertilizer application.

The invention discloses a method for increasing nitrogen utilization efficiency of rape, and provides a method for increasing the nitrogen utilization rate by reducing nitrate nitrogen content in rape plants. The method comprises the following steps of: culturing rape seedlings in a glass net chamber by using Hoagland complete nutrient solution (the nutrient solution comprises 5 mmol / L of KNO3, 1 mmol / L of KH2PO4, 7 mmol / L of MgSO4, 5 mmol / L of Ca(NO3)2.4H2O, 3 mmol / L of Fe-EDTA, 0.5 mmol / L of B, 0.5 mmol / L of Mn, 0.05 mmol / L of Zn, 0.02 mmol / L of Cu and 0.01 mmol / L of Mo) through soil culture; seeding in September in the same year; transplanting in a big field after one month; complementarily applying 5 kg of urea for every mu after transplanting and reviving at the seedling stage; irrigating at a proper stage and dressing bolting flower fertilizer; dressing 7.5 kg of budding bolting fertilizer urea per mu in coordination with spring irrigation in spring; and uniformly spraying inhibitor solution simultaneously containing 50 mmol / L of Bafilomycin A1 and 20 mumol / L of DCCD (N, N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide) at the beginning of florescence of rape once every six days until a pod development stage begins. The content of nitrate nitrogen in the plants can be obviously reduced, and further the nitrogen utilization efficiency of the rape plants is obviously increased.

The invention relates to a special controlled-release fertilizer for rice and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of slow-release and controlled-release fertilizers. According to the fertilizer requirement law of rice, the present invention precisely compounded 5% and 6% thermoplastic resin-coated urea, sulfur-coated urea, potassium chloride compound fertilizer, potassium chloride and zinc sulfate to form a special formula controlled-release fertilizer for rice. . The controlled-release fertilizer not only matches the nutrient release law with the nutrient absorption law of rice, but also reduces the cost of the controlled-release fertilizer. The controlled-release fertilizer is used to fertilize the rice before transplanting, and there will be no topdressing in the future, which reduces the labor intensity of farmers. and labor costs.

A structurally modified lignite composition with or without having functionally enhanced organic molecules extracted there-from, said functionally enhanced organic molecules having enhanced or reduced number of one or more of functional groups selected from a group comprising of carbonyl, carboxyl, amidic, ester, phenolic, alcoholic, ketone and aldehyde groups and having molecular weight selected from a group comprising of (i) below 500, (ii) between 500 and 1000, (iii) between 1000 and 5000, (iv) equal to or greater than 5000 and (v) a combination of utmost of any of the three of (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) thereof.

A transgenic plant comprising a polynucleotide encoding a nitrogen utilization protein operably linked to a PBpr1 promoter is provided. The transgenic plant exhibits increased nitrogen use efficiency, increased biomass and / or increased seed yield. Seeds from such transgenic plants, genetic constructs to prepare such plants, methods of generating and growing transgenic plants are also provided.