The invention discloses an improved saline-alkali soil plant cropping system, comprising a cropping ditch arranged in saline-alkali soil, wherein the cropping ditch is internally filled with a ventilation impermeable layer, a covering layer, a leveling layer, a protective layer and a cropping soil layer from bottom to top, the side wall of the cropping ditch is a waterproof side wall, the cropping ditch is internally provided with a plurality of water-collecting wells at intervals along the length direction of the cropping ditch, each water-collecting well is provided with a permeable well wall made of a permeable material, the bottom of each water-collecting well is positioned in the cropping soil layer, and further at least the partial bottom, contacted with the protective layer, of the cropping soil layer forms an included angle with the horizontal plane. According to the improved saline-alkali soil plant cropping system, water in the cropping soil layer flows into the water-collecting wells along the gradient; when rainfall is abundant, the water in the water-collecting wells is pumped from a pump and is discharged outside the cropping ditch, so that the condition that the roots of plants are rotted due to the fact that the water in the cropping soil layer is excessive is avoided; and when the rainfall is less, the water in the water-collecting wells is slowly permeated into the cropping soil layer, so that water required by growth of the plants is supplemented.