The invention provides a paraffin cleaning and preventing method for a gathering and transportation pipeline. The method comprises the steps: respectively adding paraffin degrading bacteria and a microbial nutritional agent at an inlet of the gathering and transportation pipeline, adding the paraffin degrading bacteria, of which the amount is 0.2-0.4% medium transport volume, for the first time 2-4 days after the pretreatment of the gathering and transportation pipeline, and then, adding the paraffin degrading bacteria, of which the amount is 0.1-0.2% the medium transport volume, once every 15-30 days; adding the microbial nutritional agent, of which the amount is 0.01-0.02% the medium transport volume, once every 7-14 days. According to the method, the paraffin cleaning and preventing effect for the gathering and transportation pipeline of a ground gathering and transportation system is obvious, the transportation pressure of the gathering and transportation pipeline is lowered by at least 20%, the pipeline flushing cycle is prolonged by more than one cycle, the effective period is long, the cost is relatively low, and the construction conditions are simple; during use, the labor intensity is low, the labor conditions are good, and no environmental pollution is caused.