Glass Fiber Friction Anchor Bolt

Abstract

The invention discloses a glass fiber friction anchor bolt, which comprises a bolt body and a backing plate; the bolt body comprises a hollow pipe body made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, and an external thread is arranged on the outer surface of the bolt body; the head of the bolt body gradually shrinks to form a conical transition section, a protective sleeve is sleeved at the end of the transition section, and the backing plate is sleeved at the tail of the bolt body and is rotationally connected with the bolt body through the thread; the backing plate is circular, one side of the backing plate close to the head of the bolt body is flat, and the other side of the backing plate extends to the tail of the bolt body to form a strengthening ring; connecting convex ribs are arranged between the strengthening ring and the surface of the backing plate, the strengthening ring is cone-shaped, the larger end of the strengthening ring is fixedly connected with the backing plate, and the smaller end of the strengthening ring is connected with an adjusting nut; the adjusting nut is sleeved on the bolt body and is rotationally connected with the bolt body through the thread. The invention realizes the purposes of one-time installation and permanent support, greatly reduces the maintenance cost and ensures the project safety. 8 20 25 20 00 42 03 J an 2 02 5 A B S T R A C T 2 0 2 5 2 0 0 0 4 2 0 3 J a n 2 0 2 5 1 / 5 Fig. 1 1 / 5 2 7 3 4 1 Fig. 1 20 25 20 00 42 03 J an 2 02 5 2 0 2 5 2 0 0 0 4 2 0 3 J a n 2 0 2 5

Description

Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of mining and tunnel, in particular to a glass fiber friction anchor bolt used for rock mass reinforcing and supporting in the field of rock mass supporting. Background Art The existing friction anchor bolt is composed of a hollow slotted bolt body rolled by thin steel plate and a tray. The upper end of the bolt body is conical, and a baffle ring is welded at the outer diameter of the lower end thereof. The tray is dish-shaped, with a round hole in the middle. The dish-shaped tray is sleeved at the baffle ring along the bolt body, and then the anchor bolt is pushed into a rock hole by an air drill until the tray is close to a roof. As the friction anchor bolt is driven into the bolt hole slightly smaller than the diameter of the friction anchor bolt, the pipe wall and the hole wall are tightly attached due to the compression of the slotted steel pipe, radial pressure and friction for preventing surrounding rock deformation can be immediately applied to the hole wall, and the surrounding rock is in a three-way stress state under the bearing force of the anchor bolt tray, realizing the stable support of the rock mass. However, the corrosion resistance of the conventional pipe seam friction anchor bolt is poor due to the limitation of material; because the metal and the surrounding gas or liquid produce chemical reaction, the corrosion loss of the metal material is caused, resulting in local or full-length defects of friction anchor bolt, the mechanical properties are greatly reduced, and therefore the supporting action cannot work. In addition, because of the smooth surface, the bearing capacity of the conventional pipe seam anchor bolt decreases after the sliding of the bolt body and the hole wall, and sufficient bearing capacity cannot be provided. The long-term load-bearing component will cause great loss to the project once it loses its function. 2025200042   03 Jan 2025 Summary of the Invention Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a glass fiber friction anchor bolt to realize the purpose of one-time installation and permanent support, thereby greatly reducing the maintenance cost and ensuring the project safety. To realize the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical proposal: A glass fiber friction anchor bolt comprises a bolt body and a backing plate, the bolt body comprises a hollow pipe body made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, and an external thread is arranged on the outer surface of the bolt body; the head of the bolt body gradually shrinks to form a conical transition section, a protective sleeve is sleeved at the end of the transition section, and the backing plate is sleeved at the tail of the bolt body and is rotationally connected with the bolt body through the thread; The backing plate is circular, one side of the backing plate close to the head of the bolt body is flat, and the other side of the backing plate extends to the tail of the bolt body to form a strengthening ring; connecting convex ribs are arranged between the strengthening ring and the surface of the backing plate, the strengthening ring is coneshaped, the larger end of the strengthening ring is fixedly connected with the backing plate, and the smaller end of the strengthening ring is connected with an adjusting nut; the adjusting nut is sleeved on the bolt body and is rotationally connected with the bolt body through the thread. The protective sleeve is conical, and the maximum outer diameter of the protective sleeve is less than the outer diameter of the bolt body; the larger end of the protective sleeve is connected to the end of the transition section, and the smaller end of the protective sleeve is sealed. Five to ten connecting convex ribs (5) are arranged, and all connecting convex ribs are evenly distributed at the center of the circle of the backing plate; the cross section of the connecting convex ribs is triangular. The backing plate and the adjusting nut are made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and the backing plate, the strengthening ring and the connecting convex ribs are formed integrally. A tension seam extending to the head of the bolt body is arranged in the middle part of 2025200042   03 Jan 2025 the bolt body and runs through the side wall of the bolt body. The invention has the following beneficial effects: In the proposal, a bolt body is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, a glass fiber reinforced plastic backing plate is provided at the tail of the bolt body, a glass fiber reinforced plastic adjusting nut is arranged, and the chemical reaction does not occur when the glass fiber reinforced plastic is in contact with gas or liquid, thus effectively avoiding the corrosion and consumption caused by the surrounding environment on the bolt body, the backing plate and the adjusting nut, maintaining the mechanical properties of the overall structure and playing an effective supporting role. In addition, regular threads are arranged on the outer surface of the bolt body, which increase the friction force when the surface threads are in contact with the rock wall, and have the characteristics of energy absorption. The action principle is as follows: when the rock stratum slides for vibration and other reasons, the bolt body will also slide; as the surface threads are released from the hole wall and absorb a certain vibration energy, the threads and hole wall can play the same friction effect when stable, and then the initial bearing capacity is maintained, and the nut is connected with the bolt body through the threads, playing a bearing role. The tension seam is formed through the full-length or partial kerf, which is used to deform the bolt body during installation and generate expansive force. The backing plate is provided with holes and is located between the nut and the rock wall to support the rock mass. Taper is processed at the front section of the bolt body, and the metal protective sleeve is installed to guide and protect the front end of the bolt body during installation. Brief Description of the Drawings To more clearly describe the embodiments of the invention or the technical proposal in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below. In all drawings, similar components or parts are generally identified by similar drawing signs. In the drawings, the components or parts are not necessarily drawn to the actual scale. 2025200042   03 Jan 2025 Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the embodiment. Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is the enlarged diagram for point A in Fig. 4. In the drawings: Bolt body 1; Backing plate 2; Transition section 3; Protective sleeve 4; Connecting convex rib 5; Tension seam 6; Strengthening ring 7; Adjusting nut 8. Detailed Description of the Invention The embodiments in the technical proposal of the invention are described in detail in combination with the drawings. The following embodiments are intended only to more clearly explain the technical proposal of the invention, and are therefore only examples and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the invention. It should be noted that the technical or scientific terms used in the application shall have the ordinary meanings understood by technicians in the field to which the invention belongs unless otherwise stated. As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the embodiment provides a glass fiber friction anchor bolt, which comprises a bolt body 1, an adjusting nut 8 and a backing plate 2, wherein the bolt body 1, the adjusting nut 8 and the backing plate 2 are made of glass fiber reinforced plastics; the head of the bolt body 1 is gradually shrunken to form a conical transition section 3, a protective sleeve 4 is sleeved at the end of the transition section 3, the protective sleeve 4 is conical, and the maximum outer diameter of the protective sleeve 4 is less than the outer diameter of the bolt body 1; the larger end of the protective sleeve 4 is connected to the end of the transition section 3, and the smaller end of the protective sleeve 4 is sealed. In the embodiment, the backing plate 2 is sleeved at the tail of the bolt body 1 and is rotationally connected with bolt rod body 1 through the thread, the backing plate 2 is circular, one side of the backing plate 2 close to the head of the bolt body 1 is flat, and the other side of the backing plate 2 extends to the tail of the bolt body 1 to form a strengthening ring 7; the strengthening ring 7 is cone-shaped, the larger end of the 2025200042   03 Jan 2025 strengthening ring 7 is fixedly connected with the backing plate 2, and the smaller end of the strengthening ring 7 is connected with an adjusting nut 8. In addition, connecting convex ribs 5 are arranged between the strengthening ring 7 and the surface of the backing plate 2, five to ten connecting convex ribs 5 are arranged, and all connecting convex ribs 5 are evenly distributed at the center of the circle of the backing plate 2; the cross section of the connecting convex ribs 5 is triangular. Two sides of the triangular connecting rib 5 are respectively fixed and connected with the backing plate 2 and the strengthening ring 7, and the adjusting nut 8 is sleeved on the bolt body 1 and is rotationally connected with the bolt body 1, and the backing plate 2, the strengthening ring 7 and the connecting convex rib 5 are formed integrally. As shown in Fig. 4, in the embodiment, a tension seam 6 extending to the head of the bolt body 1 is arranged in the middle part of the bolt body 1 and runs through the side wall of the bolt body 1, that is, the tension seam 6 extends along the axis of the bolt body 1 and runs through the head of the bolt body 1. The tension seam 6 is formed through a full-length or partial kerf and runs through the side wall of the bolt body 1. Through material selection and structural design, the proposal realizes the purposes of one-time installation and permanent support, greatly reducing the maintenance costs and ensuring the project safety. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to describe the technical proposal of the invention, but not to restrict the invention. Notwithstanding the detailed description of the invention by reference to the foregoing embodiments, the ordinary technicians in the field should understand that they may modify the technical proposal recorded in the foregoing embodiments or equivalently substitute some or all of the technical features thereof; such modification or substitution shall not remove the essence of the corresponding technical proposal from the scope of the technical proposal in each embodiment of the invention, and shall fall within the scope of the claims and specification of the invention.

Claims

1. A glass fiber friction anchor bolt, comprising a bolt body (1) and a backing plate (2), and characterized in that the bolt body (1) comprises a hollow pipe body made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, and an external thread is arranged on the outer surface of the bolt body (1); the head of the bolt body (1) gradually shrinks to form a conical transition section (3), a protective sleeve (4) is sleeved at the end of the transition section (3), and the backing plate (2) is sleeved at the tail of the bolt body (1) and is rotationally connected with the bolt body (1) through the thread;the backing plate (2) is circular, one side of the backing plate (2) close to the head of the bolt body (1) is flat, and the other side of the backing plate (2) extends to the tail of the bolt body (1) to form a strengthening ring (7); connecting convex ribs (5) are arranged between the strengthening ring (7) and the surface of the backing plate (2), the strengthening ring (7) is cone-shaped, the larger end of the strengthening ring (7) is fixedly connected with the backing plate (2), and the smaller end of the strengthening ring (7) is connected with an adjusting nut (8); the adju4sting nut (8) is sleeved on the bolt body (1) and is rotationally connected with the bolt body (1) through the thread.

2. The glass fiber friction anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective sleeve (4) is conical, and the maximum outer diameter of the protective sleeve (4) is less than the outer diameter of the bolt body (1); the larger end of the protective sleeve (4) is connected to the end of the transition section (3), and the smaller end of the protective sleeve (4) is sealed.

3. The glass fiber friction anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that five to ten connecting convex ribs (5) are arranged, and all connecting convex ribs (5) are evenly distributed at the center of the circle of the backing plate (2); the cross section of the connecting convex ribs (5) is triangular.

4. The glass fiber friction anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the backing plate (2) and the adjusting nut (8) are made of glass fiber reinforced plastics,2025200042   03 Jan 2025and the backing plate (2), the strengthening ring (7) and the connecting convex ribs (5) are formed integrally.

5. The glass fiber friction anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that a tension seam (6) extending to the head of the bolt body (1) is arranged in the middle part of the bolt body (1) and runs through the side wall of the bolt body (1).

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