An information metasurface intelligent processing system for wireless communication of cell base stations

Abstract

The present invention proposes an information metasurface intelligent processing system applied to wireless communication of cell base stations. The intelligent processing system is a system combining scattering and radiation, mainly including an information metasurface, a base station, a feed antenna, and a central intelligent processor, which is suitable for maintaining communication with the base station antenna and user equipment in a specific area. The system directly codes and modulates the feed signal to form a multi-dimensional real-time direct surface information processing system in the time domain, frequency domain, and space domain; at the same time, it has a scattering function, covering the outer walls of community buildings, indoor walls, windows, etc., forming a set of distributed base stations, adaptively performing secondary regulation of space electromagnetic waves, solving the problems of multipath fading and path loss in wireless communication, improving communication quality, optimizing channel performance, reducing hardware complexity, and realizing a low-cost, low-power, and low-radiation intelligent wireless communication environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to wireless communication and novel artificial electromagnetic materials, and in particular to an information super-surface intelligent processing system applied to wireless communication of cell base stations. Background Art

[0002] The new artificial electromagnetic surface, also known as the metasurface, can control the amplitude, phase, polarization, beam, orbital angular momentum and other parameters of electromagnetic waves by designing its unit characteristics and spatial arrangement, and realize the functions of electromagnetic energy deflection, focusing, wave absorption, etc., which can be used in antennas, imaging and other fields. The information metasurface further uses the information theory method to establish a connection between the metasurface unit and digital information, and uses binary digital 0 / 1 coding to characterize the metasurface unit. It also uses various adjustable means to dynamically control the various parameters of electromagnetic waves in real time, and uses the same information metasurface to achieve different functions, such as beam scanning, polarization conversion, amplitude / phase modulation, etc., which has broad application prospects in the fields of communication, radar, stealth, etc. In the fifth-generation wireless communication (5G) system, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas and millimeter wave technology have been widely used, which puts forward new requirements for RF links and antennas in the hardware architecture of communication systems, and faces new challenges in terms of cost, performance, power consumption, and integration. The information metasurface, with its low cost, easy integration, and low energy consumption, will bring new ideas to the hardware design of 5G communication systems. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The present invention proposes an information metasurface intelligent processing system applied to wireless communications of cell base stations, which can actively radiate electromagnetic signals and perform secondary processing on existing electromagnetic signals in space. The purpose is to use information metasurfaces to solve the problems of multipath fading and path loss in wireless communications, improve communication quality, optimize channel performance, reduce hardware complexity, and realize a low-cost, low-power, and low-radiation intelligent wireless communication environment.

[0004] Technical solution: The information metasurface intelligent processing system applied to wireless communication of cell base stations described in the present invention includes an information metasurface, a base station, a feed antenna, and a central intelligent processor; the components are connected by cables, and the signals are aggregated to the central intelligent processor; the information metasurface is distributed and adsorbed on the wall, and works in radiation mode and scattering mode respectively, the radiation mode is used to communicate directly with the user, and the signal sent by the feed antenna is directly encoded and modulated and then radiated for communication, and the scattering mode is used to perform secondary regulation on the electromagnetic signal generated by the base station antenna; the base station is used to generate electromagnetic wave signals in space; the feed antenna is used to transmit single-tone electromagnetic wave signals; the central intelligent processor senses the feedback signal, which is used to control the information metasurface, feed speaker and base station.

[0005] In the radiation mode, the information metasurface acts as a direct information modulator. The feed source emits a single-tone electromagnetic wave signal. The amplitude frequency, phase, frequency, polarization, beam, and orbital angular momentum of the reflection / transmission coefficient of the information metasurface are modulated by the control circuit module. Technical means including PSK / QPSK, ASK, FSK, 16QAM, OFDM, and MIMO can be used to directly encode information, forming a real-time direct surface information processing system in multiple dimensions of time domain, frequency domain, and space domain, eliminating complex RF front-end modules such as mixing and amplification, and achieving the characteristics of low cost and low power consumption.

[0006] In the scattering mode, the information metasurface acts as a signal relay station, performing secondary regulation on the electromagnetic signals generated by the base station to achieve energy focusing, precise directional transmission, intelligent beam tracking, and adaptive beamforming waveform regulation, thereby optimizing channel performance, improving transmission efficiency and communication quality, and reducing interference advantages between different receiving devices.

[0007] The constituent units of the information metasurface include integrated electrical control, optical control, mechanical control, and optoelectronic control units, such as diodes, varactors, and various sensors. The controllable units regulate the amplitude, phase, frequency, and other parameters of the electromagnetic wave.

[0008] The information metasurface can be adsorbed on the surface of buildings in different locations in the community to become a receiver, monitor and select the optimal transmission path in real time, and reduce path loss; the frequency selective functional unit is realized by far-field direct radiation communication, frequency hopping, and time division multiplexing technology to increase information transmission capacity.

[0009] The information metasurface switches the coding metasurface in real time; by learning the environment's response to electromagnetic signals and the function of real-time coding switching, it can bypass obstacles (directional radiation) or deliver energy to multiple mobile terminals (multi-beam generation and focusing), thereby achieving secondary control of electromagnetic signals.

[0010] The intelligent processing process is to estimate the information metasurface channel, obtain the user's location and working status, transmit the signal to the central intelligent processor, and finally the central intelligent processor sends a feedback signal to control the status of the information metasurface, base station and feed antenna, and finally adaptively change the direction, power and frequency characteristics of the electromagnetic wave signal.

[0011] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. It can act as an antenna for active radiation and be used as a direct information modulator to directly encode the baseband signal and then radiate it; it can also be used as a scatterer, covering the appropriate position of the building, and acting as a space signal relay station; 2. When the information metasurface intelligent processing system performs active radiation, it can directly encode information, eliminating the mixing, amplification and other RF front-end modules in the traditional communication link, reducing power consumption and cost; 3. When the information metasurface intelligent processing system performs secondary scattering, the signal can be sent directionally to users in the signal blind spot. The distributed information metasurface sub-base station system can be used to jointly optimize channel performance, improve transmission rate and communication quality, reduce interference between different receiving devices, improve communication security from a physical level, reduce transmission power, and achieve low radiation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a scenario in which an information metasurface is covered on the outer wall of a building to realize an intelligent wireless communication environment in a cell base station scenario;

[0013] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of digital modulation of information metamaterials and interactive processing of electromagnetic waves;

[0014] Figure 3 System block diagram of information metasurface achieving direct modulation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in the scenario of a cell base station, the information metasurface is covered on the outer wall of the building to realize a scene schematic diagram of an intelligent wireless communication environment. Through channel model optimization, the information metasurface can be arranged in an appropriate position of a cell building. When the information metasurface works in the scattering mode, it can act as a signal relay station to perform secondary regulation on the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the base station antenna. In the future 5G millimeter wave communication, the signal attenuation is large and the diffraction capability is poor. The line-of-sight path between user 1 and the base station antenna is blocked by high-rise buildings, and user 1 cannot communicate directly with the base station. However, thanks to the information metasurface covered on the surrounding buildings, the position of user 1 is first estimated through the channel, and then the amplitude and phase distribution of the metasurface aperture is changed through the intelligent processing system, and the electromagnetic wave signal radiated by the base station antenna is accurately focused on user 1 by using adaptive beamforming technology, thereby establishing communication between user 1 and the base station. Similarly, when user 2 is also in the base station signal blind spot, the information metasurface on the surrounding buildings can secondary focus the electromagnetic wave signal on user 2. In this case, the user can receive the energy focused by the information metasurface in two directions, and can obtain better communication quality. When the user is on the move, the information metasurface can also achieve precise directional transmission to the user through intelligent beam tracking technology.

[0016] In addition, the information metasurface covered on the outer wall of a high-rise building can also work in the radiation mode, which requires setting up a feed antenna at a suitable position in front of the information metasurface to emit a single-tone electromagnetic wave signal of a specific frequency onto the information metasurface. In this case, the information metasurface acts as a direct information modulator. The amplitude / phase of the reflection / transmission coefficient of the information metasurface, or the polarization, frequency, beam, orbital angular momentum, etc., under the modulation of the control circuit module, can be directly encoded by means including but not limited to PSK / QPSK, ASK, FSK, 16QAM, OFDM, MIMO, etc., to form a real-time direct surface information processing system in multiple dimensions of time domain, frequency domain, and space domain, eliminating complex RF front-end modules such as mixing and amplification. For example Figure 1 As shown, at this time, the information metasurface actively radiates electromagnetic signals under the illumination of the feed antenna, and the intelligent processing system directly inputs the baseband signal to the information metasurface. By adjusting the amplitude and phase distribution of the metasurface unit, beam synthesis is performed in three-dimensional space to achieve multiple beams pointing to the target direction, and communication is established with users 1, 2, and 3 respectively. It should be noted that all information metasurfaces on different buildings maintain communication with the central intelligent processing system, and the signals sensed by the information metasurface are fed back to the intelligent processing system for aggregation. The cloud-based intelligent algorithm can quickly process the data, and then send the corresponding control signal to the corresponding information metasurface to achieve an adaptive process, thereby establishing good interaction capabilities with different users.

[0017] like Figure 2 As shown, the information metasurface intelligent processing system for wireless communication of a cell base station proposed by the present invention has a working process of digital and electromagnetic wave interactive processing part as follows: Figure 2 Given. A complete information hypersurface, including Figure 2The information metasurface unit in the upper part and the FPGA control module in the left part. Among them, the information metasurface unit is a bit unit that can affect the phase, amplitude, frequency, etc. of electromagnetic waves. Its controllable methods include but are not limited to electrical control, optical control, mechanical control, and optoelectronic combined control. In actual operation, the FPGA coding module will load the digital signal on the information metasurface, so that it can have various effects on the electromagnetic waves in the environment, such as realizing various communication modulations (PSK, ASK, etc.), as well as operations on electromagnetic waveforms, energy, frequency, etc.; on this basis, the information metasurface can conveniently perform secondary modulation and intelligent processing on electromagnetic waves. The information metasurface can be attached to the outer wall of the community building, and it is mainly composed of the FPGA module at the control end and the coding metasurface. Information metasurface units include but are not limited to the following: phase bit units that use the on / off state of a switching diode or the tunability of a varactor diode to control the phase of an electromagnetic wave; amplitude bit units that use mechanical and microfluidic deformation control to affect the amplitude; and units that integrate a variety of sensors (pressure, light, speed, etc.) to achieve polarization, frequency reconfigurability, and adaptive response to the environment. All of these controllable methods can be flexibly controlled by using FPGA to control voltage or stepper motors.

[0018] In the specific implementation process, the FPGA coding will be intelligently switched according to different functions. When the information metasurface is used as a scatterer in a cell, the coding information stored in the FPGA will be called according to the specific situation. This information will be loaded on the corresponding control line of the information metasurface in the form of binary code "00101001...", and then dynamically adjust the state of each unit in the programmable metasurface array. For example, when electromagnetic waves encounter obstacles and need to bypass obstacles for transmission, the coded metasurface can call beam deflection coding based on generalized Snell's law to transmit the beam to the predetermined target location; for another example, the coded metasurface can call the beam focusing function to effectively utilize the electromagnetic energy in the environment and save energy.

[0019] Multiple information metasurfaces can be used as receiving ends, working together to process various electromagnetic responses in real time. For example, when metasurfaces located on the walls of different cells receive electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile terminals, they can collaboratively predict their target locations based on the Doppler effect. In addition, multiple receiving ends can work together to optimize the carrier to the optimal path using the reflection / refraction principle, reducing path loss.

[0020] When the information metasurface is used as the transmitter of communication, the existing modulation methods of programmable metasurfaces in communication can be used to achieve multiple modulations, such as PSK / QPSK, ASK, FSK, 16QAM, and OFDM.

[0021] The system block diagram of direct information modulation using information metasurface is shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, the data information is converted into a binary bit stream "01010001...", and then according to the modulation scheme used, such as ASK, FSK, PSK, QAM, OFDM, etc., the bit stream is mapped into a corresponding control signal and loaded onto the metasurface. When the metasurface is excited by a single-tone carrier, its transmitted / reflected wave will become a modulated wave carrying information and propagate out.

Claims

1. An information metasurface intelligent processing system applied to wireless communication of cell base stations, characterized in that: It includes information metasurface, base station, feed antenna, and central intelligent processor; each component is connected by cables, and the signals are aggregated to the central intelligent processor; The information metasurface is distributed and adsorbed on the wall, and works in radiation mode and scattering mode respectively. The radiation mode is used to communicate directly with the user, and the signal sent by the feed antenna is directly encoded and modulated for radiation communication. The scattering mode is used to perform secondary regulation on the electromagnetic signal generated by the base station antenna; the base station is used to generate electromagnetic wave signals in space; the feed antenna is used to transmit single-tone electromagnetic wave signals; the central intelligent processor senses the feedback signal and is used to control the information metasurface, feed speaker and base station.

2. The information super-surface intelligent processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The information metasurface is used to directly modulate information in the radiation mode, the feed antenna is used to transmit a single-tone electromagnetic wave signal, and the information metasurface modulation parameters include the amplitude, phase, frequency, polarization, beam, and orbital angular momentum of the reflection / transmission coefficient; the information metasurface is used to modulate parameters under the control circuit module and directly encode information to form a real-time direct surface information processing system in multiple dimensions of time domain, frequency domain, and space domain, and the encoding methods include PSK / QPSK, ASK, FSK, 16QAM, OFDM, and MIMO.

3. The information super-surface intelligent processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The information metasurface is used to relay signals in a scattering mode and perform secondary control on the electromagnetic signals generated by the base station. The waveform control includes: energy focusing, precise directional transmission, intelligent beam tracking, and adaptive beam forming.

4. The information metasurface intelligent processing system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The units that make up the information metasurface include phase and amplitude bit units that can control the reflection / transmission information of the metasurface, as well as units that control observable states including frequency, polarization, beam, and orbital angular momentum information; the controllable metasurface methods include electrical control, optical control, mechanical control, and optoelectronic combined control.

5. The information metasurface intelligent processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The information metasurface directly encodes its constituent bit units for selecting an optimal transmission path; and adopts far-field direct radiation communication, frequency hopping, and time division multiplexing technology.

6. The information metasurface intelligent processing system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The information metasurface is used for secondary regulation of electromagnetic signals in scattering mode, which is achieved by real-time switching of preset coding sequences.

7. The information super-surface intelligent processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent processing process is to estimate the information metasurface channel, obtain the user's location and working status, transmit the signal to the central intelligent processor, and finally the central intelligent processor sends a feedback signal to control the status of the information metasurface, base station and feed antenna, and finally adaptively change the direction, power and frequency characteristics of the electromagnetic wave signal.

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