Crushing equipment and crushing method for excavation working face

Abstract

The present invention relates to a crushing device and a crushing method for a tunneling working face, comprising a first-step conveyor and a second-step conveyor, wherein one end of the first-step conveyor is located above one end of the second-step conveyor, a crusher is arranged between one end of the first-step conveyor and one end of the second-step conveyor, and the crusher comprises a body and a tooth roller cleaning assembly. The present invention can remove sticky and wet materials or stuck materials in the gap between adjacent crushing teeth through the arrangement of the tooth roller cleaning assembly, thereby increasing the crushing force and the passing capacity of the equipment, extending the service life of the equipment, and improving the reliability of the equipment. The cleaning teeth are detachably fixedly connected to the connecting seat, so that the cleaning teeth can be removed, and the replacement is convenient and simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crushing equipment, and in particular to a crushing equipment and a crushing method for an excavation working face. Background Art

[0002] With the concept of efficient and high-yield mining and the integration of coal mines in my country, small mines have been closed one after another, large mines have emerged, the workload of mining has greatly increased, and the level of single excavation has not increased accordingly. Although the tunneling of underground coal mines has achieved comprehensive mechanized excavation, this operation method has solved the mechanization of excavation, but when excavating the tunnel, the large materials from the anchor excavator cause serious congestion and damage to the subsequent first and second conveyors, including the subsequent transfer equipment, so that the entire system cannot operate continuously, thereby reducing the efficiency of the excavation face.

[0003] Since the geological conditions of each mine are different, the materials mined by the roadheader are also different. In the actual production process, there will be materials with high viscosity and high humidity. After a period of operation, a lot of sticky materials will stick to the tooth rollers, which will stick to the tooth rollers and seriously affect the crushing effect of the roadheader crusher, and even block the roadheader crusher and cause the entire system to stop running. It is very difficult to manually clean the sticky materials on the tooth rollers, which is a common problem faced by traditional roller crushers. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a tunneling working face crushing device and a crushing method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A crushing device for an excavation working face comprises a first-step conveyor and a second-step conveyor, one end of the first-step conveyor is located above one end of the second-step conveyor, a crusher is arranged between one end of the first-step conveyor and one end of the second-step conveyor, the crusher comprises a machine body and a tooth roller cleaning assembly, a pair of crushing rollers are installed in the machine body, a plurality of crushing teeth distributed at equal intervals are fixed on the crushing rollers, a tooth roller cleaning assembly is arranged between the crushing rollers and adjacent inner walls of the machine body, the tooth roller cleaning assembly comprises a screw, a rotating shaft, and a cleaning arm, the rotating shaft is located on one side of the crushing roller and is rotatably connected to the machine body, a cleaning arm is fixed on the rotating shaft between two adjacent crushing teeth, cleaning teeth are detachably fixed on the cleaning arm, the screw passes through one side wall of the machine body and is threadedly connected to the machine body, the screw in the machine body is hinged to one of the cleaning arms, the screw drives the cleaning arm to maintain a set gap between the cleaning teeth and the outer peripheral wall of the crushing roller.

[0007] In any of the above solutions, preferably, the gap is 0-2 mm, and a rotating handle is fixed to one end of the screw rod outside the body.

[0008] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the machine body is a rectangular ring structure, a feed port is provided at the top of the machine body, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the machine body, a baffle plate is fixed to the top end of the machine body outside the feed port, and two guide plates distributed in an inverted eight-shaped structure are fixed to the bottom end of the machine body outside the discharge port, and the two guide plates are located above the belt on the second-step conveyor.

[0009] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that a connecting seat is fixed at one end of the cleaning arm away from the rotating shaft, a supporting block is fixed on the connecting seat near the bottom of the side wall of the crushing roller, a supporting column is threadedly connected to the supporting block, the supporting column passes through the supporting block, the supporting column is threadedly connected to the cleaning teeth, and the cleaning teeth are detachably fixed to the connecting seat by bolts and nuts.

[0010] In any of the above schemes, preferably, a disc is fixed at the bottom end of the support column, a spring is sleeved on the support column between the disc and the support block, and the spring is in a compressed state.

[0011] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that at least one row of connecting holes is provided on the connecting seat, and sliding holes are respectively provided at the positions of the cleaning teeth corresponding to each row of connecting holes, and the bolts pass through the connecting holes and the sliding holes and are connected to the nuts so that the cleaning teeth and the connecting seat can be detachably fixed.

[0012] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the top end of the cleaning tooth extends to above the connecting seat, and the top end of the cleaning tooth is an inclined surface to form a tooth tip, and the bottom end of the cleaning tooth is provided with a threaded blind hole, and the support column is threadedly connected to the threaded blind hole.

[0013] In any of the above schemes, preferably, a plurality of stainless steel soft plates arranged at equal intervals are provided on the belt surfaces of the first-step conveyor and the second-step conveyor, and the stainless steel soft plates are detachably fixedly connected to the belts.

[0014] The present invention also provides a crushing method of a tunneling working face crushing device, wherein the tunneling working face crushing device is any one of the tunneling working face crushing devices described above, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1, before crushing, adjust the gap between the cleaning teeth and the crushing roller. The screw is rotated by rotating the handle. The screw moves forward or backward along its axis while rotating, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, so as to adjust the angle of the cleaning arm so that the tooth tip of the cleaning teeth and the outer wall of the crushing roller reach the set gap;

[0016] S2, after the cleaning teeth are adjusted, the coal and gangue mined by the roadheader are transported to the second conveyor through the first conveyor. The coal on the first conveyor is first crushed by the crusher and then falls onto the belt of the second conveyor for forward transportation;

[0017] S3, crushing process, the mined coal and gangue enter the machine body from the feed port, and are crushed by the crushing teeth on a pair of crushing rollers rotating in opposite directions. The crushed small pieces of coal and gangue fall from the discharge port onto the belt of the second-step conveyor;

[0018] S4, during the rotation of a pair of crushing rollers, the cleaning teeth scrape off the sticky and wet materials adhering to the surface of the crushing rollers, and the scraped sticky and wet materials are discharged from the discharge port;

[0019] S5, after the cleaning teeth are worn, the gap between the tip of the cleaning teeth and the outer wall of the crushing roller becomes larger, and the cleaning teeth need to be readjusted, and the operation of step S1 can be repeated;

[0020] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that when adjusting a single cleaning tooth, the nut and bolt connecting the connecting seat and the cleaning tooth are removed, and then the support column is rotated to move the cleaning tooth up or down relative to the connecting seat until the set value of the gap between the tooth tip of the cleaning tooth and the outer wall of the crushing roller is reached, and then the bolt and nut are tightened again to fix the connecting seat and the cleaning tooth.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the excavation working face crushing equipment and crushing method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. Through the setting of the tooth roller cleaning assembly, the sticky and wet materials or stuck materials in the gap between adjacent crushing teeth can be cleared, thereby increasing the crushing force and the passing capacity of the equipment, extending the service life of the equipment, and improving the reliability of the equipment. The detachable fixed connection between the cleaning teeth and the connecting seat allows the cleaning teeth to be disassembled and replaced easily and conveniently;

[0023] 2. The cleaning teeth can move up and down relative to the connecting seat, so that the displacement of a single cleaning tooth can be adjusted without rotating the shaft, to avoid the situation where multiple cleaning teeth have different degrees of wear and the simple rotation of the shaft cannot meet the adjustment of multiple cleaning teeth. It is convenient to make multiple cleaning teeth with different degrees of wear meet the set gap, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

[0024] 3. Installing a stainless steel soft plate on the belt can reduce belt wear and extend the service life of the belt. The stainless steel soft plate is designed to be formed by multiple splicing. One of them can be replaced without affecting the use of other stainless steel soft plates, reducing waste of resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the excavation working face crushing device provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The side view of the crusher and the second-step conveyor when the baffle plate is not installed in the illustrated embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium crusher;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Top view of the crusher without the baffle plate installed;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gear roller cleaning assembly installed on the machine body;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the middle connecting seat and the cleaning teeth;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Right view of .

[0032] Explanations in the figure: 1. First step conveyor; 2. Second step conveyor; 3. Crusher; 4. Baffle; 5. Crushing roller; 6. Machine body; 7. Guide plate; 8. Cleaning arm; 9. Rotating handle; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Connecting seat; 12. Cleaning teeth; 13. Bolt; 14. Support block; 15. Spring; 16. Support column; 17. Sliding hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1-7As shown, according to an embodiment of the excavation working face crushing equipment provided by the present invention, it includes a first step conveyor 1 and a second step conveyor 2, one end of the first step conveyor 1 is located above one end of the second step conveyor 2, a crusher 3 is arranged between one end of the first step conveyor 1 and one end of the second step conveyor 2, the crusher 3 includes a body 6 and a tooth roller cleaning assembly, a pair of crushing rollers 5 are installed in the body 6, a plurality of crushing teeth distributed at equal intervals are fixed on the crushing rollers 5, and a crushing roller 5 is arranged between the crushing roller 5 and the inner wall of the adjacent body 6. A tooth roller cleaning assembly, the tooth roller cleaning assembly includes a screw, a rotating shaft 10, and a cleaning arm 8. The rotating shaft 10 is located on one side of the crushing roller 5 and is rotatably connected to the machine body 6. A cleaning arm 8 is fixed on the rotating shaft 10 between two adjacent crushing teeth. A cleaning tooth 12 is detachably fixed on the cleaning arm 8. The screw passes through a side wall of the machine body 6 and is threadedly connected to the machine body 6. The screw in the machine body 6 is hinged to one of the cleaning arms 8. The movement of the screw drives the cleaning arm 8 to maintain a set gap between the cleaning tooth 12 and the outer peripheral wall of the crushing roller 5.

[0035] Specifically, a pair of crushing rollers 5 are divided into an active crushing roller 5 and a driven crushing roller 5. The rotating motor is connected to the active crushing roller 5 through a reducer. The active crushing roller 5 and the driven crushing roller 5 are transmitted through gear meshing, so that the active crushing roller 5 drives the driven crushing roller 5 to rotate in opposite directions. Large pieces of coal and gangue are bitten by the relative crushing teeth, so that the rock produces stress concentration under the concentrated load applied by the crushing tooth head. This stress causes the rock to be crushed along its natural texture. The rotating motor and the reducer are both installed on the side wall of the body 6, and the axis of the rotating shaft 10 is parallel to the axis of the crushing roller 5.

[0036] Among them, brackets are respectively arranged on both sides of the belt of the second-step conveyor 2, the top end of the bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the body 6, and the bottom end of the bracket is fixed to the frame of the second-step conveyor 2, which plays a supporting and fixing role for the crusher 3.

[0037] By setting the tooth roller cleaning assembly, the sticky and wet materials or stuck materials in the gaps between adjacent crushing teeth can be cleared, thereby increasing the crushing force and the passing capacity of the equipment, extending the service life of the equipment, and improving the reliability of the equipment. The detachable connection between the cleaning tooth 12 and the connecting seat 11 makes it easy to replace the cleaning tooth 12 after the tooth tip is worn. The threaded connection between the screw and the body 6 can adjust the displacement of the screw to adjust the inclination angle of the cleaning arm 8, thereby ensuring that the cleaning tooth 12 can still be used after wear, ensuring the gap between the tooth tip of the cleaning tooth 12 and the crushing roller 5, and extending the service life of the cleaning tooth 12.

[0038] The gap is 0-2 mm, and a rotating handle 9 is fixed to one end of the screw rod outside the body 6 .

[0039] The body 6 is a rectangular ring structure, with a feed port at the top of the body 6, a discharge port at the bottom of the body 6, a baffle plate fixed to the top of the body 6 outside the feed port, and two guide plates 7 distributed in an inverted eight-shaped structure fixed to the bottom of the body 6 outside the discharge port, and the two guide plates 7 are located above the belt of the second-step conveyor 2. The two guide plates 7 are set so that the crushed coal and gangue can only fall from the discharge port to the belt of the second-step conveyor 2, avoiding waste caused by scattering and being unable to be transported, and the baffle 4 is set to prevent the material from splashing out from the feed port and being unable to be transported.

[0040] The end of the cleaning arm 8 away from the rotating shaft 10 is fixed to a connecting seat 11, and the connecting seat 11 is fixed to a supporting block 14 at the bottom of the side wall close to the crushing roller 5. A supporting column 16 is threadedly connected to the supporting block 14, and the supporting column 16 penetrates the supporting block 14. The supporting column 16 is threadedly connected to the cleaning tooth 12, and the cleaning tooth 12 is detachably fixedly connected to the connecting seat 11 by bolts 13 and nuts.

[0041] A disc is fixed at the bottom end of the support column 16, and a spring 15 is sleeved on the support column 16 between the disc and the support block 14. The spring 15 is in a compressed state. The spring 15 keeps the support column 16 in a tensioned state and is not easy to loosen. The support column 16 supports the cleaning teeth 12 to prevent the cleaning teeth 12 from moving downward and failing to achieve the scraping function.

[0042] At least one row of connection holes is provided on the connection seat 11, and the cleaning teeth 12 are provided with sliding holes 17 at the positions corresponding to each row of connection holes, and the bolts 13 are connected to the nuts through the connection holes and the sliding holes 17, so that the cleaning teeth 12 and the connection seat 11 can be detachably fixed. Through the setting of the sliding holes 17, the cleaning teeth 12 can move up and down relative to the connection seat 11, so that the displacement of a single cleaning tooth 12 can be adjusted without rotating the rotating shaft 10, avoiding the situation that the cleaning teeth 12 are different in degree of wear, and the simple rotation of the rotating shaft 10 cannot meet the adjustment of the cleaning teeth 12, so that the cleaning teeth 12 with different degrees of wear can meet the set gap, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

[0043] The top end of the cleaning tooth 12 extends to the top of the connecting seat 11, and the top end of the cleaning tooth 12 is an inclined surface to form a tooth tip. The bottom end of the cleaning tooth 12 is provided with a threaded blind hole, and the support column 16 is threadedly connected to the threaded blind hole.

[0044] The belt surfaces of the first-step conveyor 1 and the second-step conveyor 2 are both provided with a plurality of stainless steel soft plates arranged at equal intervals. The stainless steel soft plates are detachably fixedly connected to the belts, and the detachable connection can be achieved by connecting bolts 13 and nuts. The setting of the stainless steel soft plates prevents direct contact with the belt when coal blocks and gangue fall onto the belt of the second-step conveyor 2, thereby reducing belt wear and extending the service life of the belt.

[0045] This embodiment also provides a crushing method of a tunneling working face crushing device, wherein the tunneling working face crushing device is the tunneling working face crushing device described in the above embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0046] S1, before crushing, adjust the gap between the cleaning teeth and the crushing roller. The screw is rotated by rotating the handle. The screw moves forward or backward along its axis while rotating, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, so as to adjust the angle of the cleaning arm so that the tooth tip of the cleaning teeth and the outer wall of the crushing roller reach the set gap;

[0047] S2, after the cleaning teeth are adjusted, the coal and gangue mined by the roadheader are transported to the second conveyor through the first conveyor. The coal on the first conveyor is first crushed by the crusher and then falls onto the belt of the second conveyor for forward transportation;

[0048] S3, crushing process, the mined coal and gangue enter the machine body from the feed port, and are crushed by the crushing teeth on a pair of crushing rollers rotating in opposite directions. The crushed small pieces of coal and gangue fall from the discharge port onto the belt of the second-step conveyor;

[0049] S4, during the rotation of a pair of crushing rollers, the cleaning teeth scrape off the sticky and wet materials adhering to the surface of the crushing rollers, and the scraped sticky and wet materials are discharged from the discharge port;

[0050] S5, after the cleaning teeth are worn, the gap between the tip of the cleaning teeth and the outer wall of the crushing roller becomes larger, and the cleaning teeth need to be readjusted, and the operation of step S1 can be repeated;

[0051] When adjusting a single cleaning tooth, remove the nuts and bolts connecting the connecting seat and the cleaning tooth, then rotate the support column to move the cleaning tooth up or down relative to the connecting seat until the set value of the gap between the tooth tip of the cleaning tooth and the outer wall of the crushing roller is reached, then re-tighten the bolts and nuts to clamp the cleaning tooth and the connecting seat to fix the connecting seat and the cleaning tooth.

[0052] It is not difficult for those skilled in the art to understand that the present invention includes any combination of the invention content and specific implementation methods of the above specification and the various parts shown in the drawings. Due to the limited space and to make the specification concise, the various schemes composed of these combinations are not described one by one. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crushing device for a tunneling working face, comprising a first-step conveyor and a second-step conveyor, characterized in that: One end of the first-step conveyor is located above one end of the second-step conveyor, a crusher is arranged between one end of the first-step conveyor and one end of the second-step conveyor, the crusher comprises a body and a toothed roller cleaning assembly, a pair of crushing rollers are installed in the body, a plurality of crushing teeth distributed at equal intervals are fixed on the crushing rollers, a toothed roller cleaning assembly is arranged between the crushing rollers and the adjacent inner wall of the body, the toothed roller cleaning assembly comprises a screw, a rotating shaft, and a cleaning arm, the rotating shaft is located at one side of the crushing roller and is rotatably connected to the body, a cleaning arm is fixed on the rotating shaft between two adjacent crushing teeth, a cleaning tooth is detachably fixed on the cleaning arm, the screw passes through one side wall of the body and is threadedly connected to the body, the screw in the body is hinged to one of the cleaning arms, and the screw drives the cleaning arm to maintain a set gap between the cleaning tooth and the outer peripheral wall of the crushing roller; The end of the cleaning arm away from the rotating shaft is fixed with a connecting seat, the connecting seat is close to the bottom of the side wall of the crushing roller to fix a supporting block, the supporting block is threadedly connected with a supporting column, the supporting column passes through the supporting block, the supporting column is threadedly connected with the cleaning tooth, and the cleaning tooth is detachably fixedly connected to the connecting seat by bolts and nuts; A disc is fixed at the bottom end of the support column, and a spring is sleeved on the support column between the disc and the support block, and the spring is in a compressed state; The connecting seat is provided with at least one row of connecting holes, and the cleaning teeth are provided with sliding holes at positions corresponding to each row of connecting holes, and the bolts pass through the connecting holes and the sliding holes and are connected with nuts, so that the cleaning teeth and the connecting seat can be detachably fixed; The top end of the cleaning tooth extends to the top of the connecting seat, and the top end of the cleaning tooth is an inclined surface to form a tooth tip. The bottom end of the cleaning tooth is provided with a threaded blind hole, and the support column is threadedly connected to the threaded blind hole.

2. The excavation face crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap is 0-2 mm, and a rotating handle is fixed at one end of the screw rod outside the machine body.

3. The excavation face crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine body is a rectangular ring structure, with a feed port on the top and a discharge port on the bottom. A baffle plate is fixed to the top of the machine body outside the feed port, and two guide plates in an inverted figure eight structure are fixed to the bottom of the machine body outside the discharge port. The two guide plates are located above the belt on the second-step conveyor.

4. The excavation face crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of stainless steel soft plates arranged at equal intervals are provided on the belt surfaces of the first-step conveyor and the second-step conveyor, and the stainless steel soft plates are detachably fixedly connected to the belts.

5. A crushing method for a crushing device for a tunneling working face, characterized in that: The excavation working face crushing device is the excavation working face crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps: S1, before crushing, adjust the gap between the cleaning teeth and the crushing roller. The screw is rotated by rotating the handle. The screw moves forward or backward along its axis while rotating, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate, so as to adjust the angle of the cleaning arm so that the tooth tip of the cleaning teeth and the outer wall of the crushing roller reach the set gap; S2, after the cleaning teeth are adjusted, the coal and gangue mined by the roadheader are transported to the second conveyor through the first conveyor. The coal on the first conveyor is first crushed by the crusher and then falls onto the belt of the second conveyor for forward transportation; S3, crushing process, the mined coal and gangue enter the machine body from the feed port, and are crushed by the crushing teeth on a pair of crushing rollers rotating in opposite directions. The crushed small pieces of coal and gangue fall from the discharge port onto the belt of the second-step conveyor; S4, during the rotation of a pair of crushing rollers, the cleaning teeth scrape off the sticky and wet materials adhering to the surface of the crushing rollers, and the scraped sticky and wet materials are discharged from the discharge port; S5, after the cleaning teeth are worn, the gap between the tooth tip of the cleaning teeth and the outer wall of the crushing roller becomes larger, and the cleaning teeth need to be readjusted, and the operation of step S1 can be repeated.

6. A crushing method for crushing equipment of a tunneling working face according to claim 5, characterized in that: When adjusting a single cleaning tooth, remove the nuts and bolts connecting the connecting seat and the cleaning tooth, then rotate the support column to move the cleaning tooth up or down relative to the connecting seat until the set value of the gap between the tooth tip of the cleaning tooth and the outer wall of the crushing roller is reached, and then re-tighten the bolts and nuts to fix the connecting seat and the cleaning tooth.

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